GERUND

A. Bentuk Gerund
1. Bentuk positif
a. Dari kata kerja
1). Bentuk aktif (= me …)
Contoh:
doing (= mengerjakan)
 do
having done (= sudah / telah mengerjakan) (do – did – done)
typing
 type
having typed (type – typed – typed)
scanning (= menyeken)
 scan
having scanned (scan – scanned – scanned)
lying (= terletak / berbaring / berbohong)
 lie
having lain (lie – lay – lain)
laying (= meletakkan)
 lay
having laid (= lay – laid – laid)
2). Bentuk pasif (= di …)
Contoh:
being done (= dikerjakan)
 do
having been done (= sudah / telah dikerjakan)
b. Dari kata sifat
Contoh:
 honest being honest (= jujur)
 late being late
c. Dari frasa benda
Contoh:
 a hacker being a hacker (= heker)

2. Bentuk negatif
Contoh:
 do not doing (= tidak mengerjakan)
 come not coming
 send not sending
B. Penggunaan Gerund
1. Sebagai subyek
Contoh:
 Making a site (= situs) about movies is my hobby.
S P
 Finding information on the World Wide Web needs an Internet search engine.
S P O
 Managing (= mengontrol) the computer’s recources is an important function of the operating
system.
 Adding (= menambah) more memory lets (= memungkinkan) your computer work faster.
 Being honest at all times is not always easy.
 Learning to use a computer is not as difficult as learning to program (= memprogram).
 Not doing one’s work properly may be worse than not doing it all.
 His rushing (= tindakannya yang tergesa-gesa) to complete the report by the deadline
(= batas waktu) was in vain (= sia-sia).
 John’s talking about the problem did not seem to clarify (= memperjelas) the issue (= pokok
persoalan).

2. Sebagai pelengkap subyek

Contoh:
 My hobby is making a site about movies. (= Hobi saya membuat situs mengenai filem filem)
S P
Catatan: dalam kalimat He is making a site about movies, kata making (= sedang me …) bukan
gerund tetapi present participle yang tidak dapat digunakan sebagai subyek, tetapi gerund
dapat digunakan sebagai subyek; contoh: Making a site about movies is my hobby.

 His job is fixing (= memperbaiki) computers.

 My task (= tugas) is improving (= memperbaiki) them.
 Another function of the operating system is executing (= melaksanakan) and providing
(menyediakan / memberikan) services for application software.

3. Sebagai obyek kata kerja tertentu

Contoh:
 They like browsing (= mencari informasi di Internet).
S P O
 I started / began) learning to use a computer when I was six.
 He has just finished downloading music from the Internet.
 I enjoy surfing (= melihat-lihat) the Web in my spare / leisure / free time.
 She hates / dislikes chatting in a chat room.
 Why do you put off / postpone (= menunda) sending an e-mail about English lesson to some
of your friends?
  We will have to consider (= mempertimbangkan) using another company if they can’t provide
the sofware we need.
 Does your job involve (= menyangkut / mengharuskan) meeting a lot of people?
 They kept (on) (= terus) asking us questions at that meeting.
 How long will you continue (go on) working?
 He advised / suggested / recommended consulting a computer security expert.
 Would you mind (= berkenankah kiranya Anda) turning the radio down, please?
 She denied (= menyangkal) stealing (having stolen) any money from the cash register.
 He admitted (= mengaku) hacking (having hacked) into (= membobol / telah membobol)
a network system.
 Now she regrets (= menyesal) not studying harder when she was in college.
 I think people must stop (give up) attemping (trying) to gain (= memperoleh) unauthorized
(= yang tidak sah) access to network systems.
 You can avoid (= menghindari) being hacked into (= dibobol (oleh heker) by installing
firewalls.
 I clearly remembered shutting down (= menghentikan aktifitas) the system before I left, but I
forgot to switch off (= memutus arus listrik).
 Do you think this PC needs upgrading (to be upgraded)?

4. Sebagai obyek preposisi

Contoh:
 Quite a few (= cukup banyak) of them are interested in studying Information Technology.
 Has Tom succeeded in finding a job yet?
 Computers have made radical changes in preparing income tax returns (= formulir pajak
penghasilan).
 Computers are electronic machines for processing data.
 A password is a mechanism for identifying the computer-user and allowing
(= memperkenankan / memungkinkan) access.
 The procedure for creating a new file is very simple.
 The main reason for installing more memory is to allow the computer to process data faster.
 Designers can offer (= menawarkan / memberikan) good ideas for making your website
brighter.
 He apologized for (= minta maaf karena) keeping me waiting.
 This morning I apologized to my manager for coming to work late.
 He thanked (= mengucapkan terima kasih kepada) me for helping him.
 A programmer designs, writes, and tests programs for performing (= melakukan) various
tasks on a computer.
 Please forgive me for not sending you an e-mail.
 The worker was fired (= dipecat) for not coming to work on time.
 I am sorry for being late.
 My student is thinking of / about applying for a government grant (= mengusulkan bantuan
uang pemerintah) to continue his research.
 I am thinking about applying for (= melamar) the post advertised (= yang diiklankan)
in yesterday’s KR newspaper.
 What are the advantages (= keuntungan-keuntungan) of having a laptop?
 Computers have a way of communicating with the persons(s) using them.
 The director stressed (= menekankan) the importance of (= pentingnya) keeping
(= merahasiakan) the computer access codes among us managers.
 The young man was suspected of (= dicurigai) hacking (having hacked) into a network
system.
 The police suspected (= mencurigai) the young man of hacking into (having hacked)
into a computer system.
 The arrested (= yang telah ditangkap) man was accused of (= dituduh) being a hacker.
 I am looking forward to (= menanti-nanti) hearing from (= mendengar kabar dari) you soon.
 I look forward to inputting data by voice instead of (= daripada) using a keyboard.
 He upgraded his old PC instead of buying a new one.
 Jane prefers (= lebih suka) doing nothing to (= daripada) working.
 He objected to (= menolak / berkeberatan) paying expensive telephone calls for Internet
access.
 I am used to / accustomed to (= terbiasa / biasa) typing with ten fingers.
 It took me (= Saya membutuhkan waktu) a long time to get used to (= membiasakan diri
/ menjadi terbiasa) wearing contact lenses.
 He can’t get used to logging on with a password.
 You can find information on the Internet by using a search engine.
 By fixing the computers himself, he saved a lot of money.
 Start the search by clicking on their Find button.
 The police tracked down (= melacak dan menangkap) the hacker by talking to his friends
and acquaintances (= kenalan-kenalan).
 Don’t switch off without shutting down your PC.
 He tried to hack into the system without knowing the password.
 Computers can’t do anything without being programmed (= diprogram) correctly.
 They can’t carry out their plans without being supported (= didukung) with the fund (= dana
(itu)).
 Soon after talking off, the plane crashed (= jatuh).
 The entire (=seluruh) program should be tested after being written (= ditulis).
 After being interviewed (= diwawancarai) for the job, you will be required (= diharuskan)
to take an aptitude test (= test bakat / kecerdasan).
 Read the instructions carefully before installing your PC.
 Before coding a program, a programmer should design the program by creating a flowchart
or by using another method of program design.
  I am not tired in spite of (= meskipun) working hard all day.
 He went to work in spite of feeling sick.
 I couldn’t sleep despite (= meskipun) being very tired.
5. Dalam frasa benda (= noun phrase)
Dalam frasa ini, bentuk gerund yang digunakan hanya yang berakhiran – ing. Gerund dalam
bentuk perfect (= telah…), pasif (= di…), dan negatif (= tidak…) tidak digunakan.
a. Dalam pola the + gerund + of phrase
Contoh:
 the writing of a program (= penulisan (suatu) program);
 the making of plans (= pembuatan rencana-rencana).
Dalam pola di atas, kata kerja yang tidak menunjukkan tindakan tidak digunakan dan
digantikan dengan kata benda abstrak (abstract noun).
Contoh :
 the needing of … (salah);
 the need(s) of … (benar).
Dalam pola di atas, kata ganti it tidak digunakan dalam of phrase.
Contoh :
 the writing of it (salah);
 the writing of the program (benar) (= penulisan program (itu)).
b. Dalam pola noun + gerund
Contoh:
 data processing (= pengolahan data);
 computer progamming (= pemrograman komputer).
c. Dalam frasa benda pada posisi kata sifat (= adjective) sebelum noun
Contoh:
 a writing-table (a table for writing) (= (sebuah) meja tulis);
 a waiting-room (a room for waiting) (= (sebuah) ruang tunggu).

6. Setelah ungkapan tertentu

Contoh:
 It is no use (no good) (= tak ada gunanya) asking her – she doesn’t know anything.
 It is a waste of time (= membuang-buang waktu saja) playing computer games.
 It is a waste of money (= membuang-buang uang saja) buying things you don’t need.
 It isn’t worth (= tidak layak) fixing (= memperbaiki) such a PC (= PC semacam itu).
 Such a PC isn’t worth fixing (= diperbaiki).
 Do you think this book is worth reading (=dibaca)?