International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology

ICECA 2017

Intelligent Power Saving System using Pir Sensors

Dr.Harikrishnan R Sivagami P
Professor,School of EEE, Research Scholar,School of EEE,
Sathyabama University, Chennai Sathyabama University, Chennai
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract - The main objective of this paper is to save power in fans, lights as well as air conditions with the aid of a
IT work spots, using a PIR sensor capable of detecting only microcontroller [6]. Based on the breaking of infrared light the
human beings. It deals with the concept of office automation door is controlled automatically. Apart from this it also
which will be very much helpful to save power in the time of concentrates on room light control [7].To save the power
power crisis. A PIR sensor is fixed to each and every computer in consumption in places such as gardens, libraries, staircase,
the work spot. The PIR sensor fixed in the computer will sense its
parking, gardens etc and also where security is more important
user for every 15 seconds as pre programmed in the controller
which is fixed to the sensor. In the case of absence of user, the that is generation of alarm is required [8]. Based on the
monitor is programmed to turn off. All the PIR sensor are detection of the visitors on the road in the street the light is
centralized by a PIC controller (PIC 18F4520) in the department. turned on to normal intensity so that visibility is clear and in
This is capable of interfacing multiple electronic devices. It their absence its intensity will be reduced [9]. The appliances
interfaces the PIR sensors with the relays. If a whole row or are operated using sensors and microcontrollers. The sensor
continuous 4 system is seemed to have no user then PIC network and a central control section connected with IR
controller is programmed in such a way to switch off the sensors and relays sense the presence of person and turn on
respective lights and fans (or AC shutters) by a interface between and off the appliance [10].The street light working is made
switchboard of light and fan control and PIR sensor. A DC relay
smart by making it sense the presence of vehicle .When the
is used for the turn ON and turn OFF purposes of electrical
appliances according to the output obtained from the PIC vehicle is sensed it is turned on and in the absence of vehicle
controller circuit. A relay driver circuit is used to drive the relay the street light is turned off [11]. Minimize the consumption
according to the output pulses from the PIC controller. of power by the lamps used in the libraries with the elements
like LDR, Relay, micro-controller [12].
Keywords—PIR-passive infrared sensor ; PIC
microcontroller The main objective of the paper is to save power in the
range of 20-25% in IT work spots which will greatly reduce
I INTRODUCTION the cost of power consumption annually. Power saving levels
can be fixed according to our needs. In this paper power is
The technology is going on attaining its various stepping stone saved in 45 seconds level expecting a higher efficiency in
and almost it has attained its saturation. So as far as this work spots. A LCD monitor consumes ≤21 watts per hour
development is concerned, the power consumption in day to during normal operation. Installing this will save 5 watts per
day life has been increased in a rapid rate. One of the main hour in a single computer. When accounted for fans, air
reason for power crisis will be improper planning and usage of conditioners and lighting systems, the power saving will be
electrical energy. Similar example will be usage of electrical drastic in a way that it will reduce the part of the amount to be
appliances in unwanted places. This paper deals with the paid to the electricity board.
concept of Office Automation, where unmanned electrical
appliances are turned Off in IT work spots.
II PROPOSED SYSTEM
By changing the sleep interval based on traffic rate
during the service to increase the period of life for battery The block diagram in figure 2.1 shows the schematic
powered mobile devices [1]. The consumption of power by representation of the office automation. The system is
the PIR sensor based lighting device has paved the way for implemented in the similar way for the purpose of energy
automation in different fields[2]. The home automation, home saving. The monitors are interfaced to the PIC controller. The
networking using PIR sensors and also about the efficient PIC controller is interfaced with the PIR sensors. The sensors
power saving in houses [3]. Based on the habit of user sense the presence of humans. Based on the presence or
domestic energy waste is minimized by a set of sensors absence the relay acts.
[4].The standby mode of lights in absence of user, and also has
a feature of a microcontroller unit to control the functions of
PIR and standby mode of lights [5] Various type of sensors Fig.2Block Diagram of Intelligent Power Saving Systems
with actuators to control different home applications such as Using PIR

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 International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology
ICECA 2017

Figure 3.Working Structure of Intelligent Power Saving

Systems Using PIR Sensors

IV IMPLEMENTATION IN SOFTWARE

III WORKING STRUCTURE OF PIR SYSTEM The algorithm for the implementation of the power saving
system is shown below
The block diagram in Fig.3 shows how the monitors, fans and Algorithm
lights are interfaced to the PIC controller. The PIC controller Step1: Start the program
is interfaced with the PIR sensors. 4 PIR sensors are connected
in parallel. The output of the PIR sensors is fed to a non Step2: Search For human beings in individual systems
inverting amplifier. The output from the PIR sensor is inverted Step3: Detect the presence of human beings in cabins
to 0 as the PIC controller is programmed in such a way to
accept 0 as input pulse. The PIR sensors are placed in each Step4: Process the output from individual sensors to detect
and every cabinet. These PIR sensors detect the human being if the system has a user or not.
and will send the impulses to the inverting amplifier which 1. If yes, turn on the respective relay.
will send the impulse to the controller. The controller will
2. If no, go to the previous step.
activate the corresponding relay. The output from the PIR
sensor is a constant one and not a variable output. The PIC Step5: Check for the number of users in the room
controller is not a self functional unit. It has to be supported
1. If it is >0 maintain the 5th relay or port in ON
with several other components in a circuit board for its normal condition.
functioning. A 20000 MHz oscillator supplies clock pulse for
its functioning. A 5V regulator and a 12V regulator are 2. If it is =0, i.e. no user in a room, then the 5th
provided to supply 12V to the input and 5V to appropriate relay is turned off.
pins. The input is taken from a centre tapped transformer. The Step6: Stop the process.
capacitors are provided to reduce the harmonics from bridge
rectifiers. This paper has implemented the energy saving The flow chart representation for the program module
scheme for computer monitors. employed in the power saving scheme is shown in fig
5.First it senses the presence of human in the cabin , if yes
turn on the respective relay, if no go to the previous step
and check for the number of users in the room accordingly
turn on and turn off the relay.

978-1-5090-5686-6/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE 574

 International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology
ICECA 2017

Fig.5 Flow Chart For Implementation Scheme

978-1-5090-5686-6/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE 575

 International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology
ICECA 2017

PIR sensors implemented monitors which detects the

VI HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION presence of the user are shown in figure 6.3.

The Fig 6.1 explains about the implementation structure of

the paper. The relay and relay driver circuits are interfaced to
the PIR sensor with the help of PIC Controller.

Fig.6.3 PIR Sensor Implemented Monitors

PIR sensors implemented monitors which detects the

absence of 2 users, turns of the monitor using a relay and since
two more users presence is sensed the monitor is not turned
off is shown in figure 6.4.

Fig.6.1 Working Circuit

The figure 6.2 shows the circuit board consisting of

microcontroller, relay and relay driver circuit implemented for
this scheme.

Fig.6.4 PIR Sensor Turns of two Monitors

PIR sensors implemented monitors which detects

the absence of 4 users, turns of the monitor using a relay is
shown in figure 6.5.

Fig.6.2 Hardware Circuit Fig.6.5 PIR Sensor Turns of Four Monitors

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 International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology
ICECA 2017

V CONCLUSIONS
The intelligent power saving system using PIR sensor can
be used for power savings in IT fields. Now as far as we are in
the technical and modernized world, power saving is also one
to be concerned and it occupies the IT area in this paper to
save the power by low cost of means. With the
implementation of this we can achieve the main objective to
save power in IT fields .In future it can be enhanced by
implementing RF technology. It is an endless process and
considerably this will have an innovative enhancement.As
with any work of research, there is always more that can be
done. Aside from further using PIR we can use (RF)

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