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    Structural Steel: Iron Carbon

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    Maribeth Salvador
    The document discusses structural steel used in buildings. It describes three groups of hot rolled structural steel based on yield strength, and notes their steel treatments involve quenching and tempering. Key steel properties are defined, including yield strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and ductility. A stress-strain diagram is shown and typical properties of ASTM A36 steel are listed. Common structural steel sections like wide flange, standard I-beams, angles, and channels are described. Section properties such as area, centroid, moments of inertia, section modulus, and radius of gyration are also defined. Two sample problems for calculating moments of inertia with respect to different axes are presented.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Structural Steel: Iron Carbon

    Uploaded by

    Maribeth Salvador
    88 views5 pages
    The document discusses structural steel used in buildings. It describes three groups of hot rolled structural steel based on yield strength, and notes their steel treatments involve quenching and tempering. Key steel properties are defined, including yield strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and ductility. A stress-strain diagram is shown and typical properties of ASTM A36 steel are listed. Common structural steel sections like wide flange, standard I-beams, angles, and channels are described. Section properties such as area, centroid, moments of inertia, section modulus, and radius of gyration are also defined. Two sample problems for calculating moments of inertia with respect to different axes are presented.

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    The document discusses structural steel used in buildings. It describes three groups of hot rolled structural steel based on yield strength, and notes their steel treatments involve quenching and tempering. Key steel properties are defined, including yield strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and ductility. A stress-strain diagram is shown and typical properties of ASTM A36 steel are listed. Common structural steel sections like wide flange, standard I-beams, angles, and channels are described. Section properties such as area, centroid, moments of inertia, section modulus, and radius of gyration are also defined. Two sample problems for calculating moments of inertia with respect to different axes are presented.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    88 views5 pages

    Structural Steel: Iron Carbon

    Uploaded by

    Maribeth Salvador
    The document discusses structural steel used in buildings. It describes three groups of hot rolled structural steel based on yield strength, and notes their steel treatments involve quenching and tempering. Key steel properties are defined, including yield strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and ductility. A stress-strain diagram is shown and typical properties of ASTM A36 steel are listed. Common structural steel sections like wide flange, standard I-beams, angles, and channels are described. Section properties such as area, centroid, moments of inertia, section modulus, and radius of gyration are also defined. Two sample problems for calculating moments of inertia with respect to different axes are presented.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 5

    10/18/2016

    INTRODUCTION

    Structural Steel Iron


    Carbon
    It refers to a number of steels that, because of their economy and
    desirable mechanical properties, are suitable for load carrying members
    in structures

    ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials) Designation


    For Ferrous Metals- the designation has the prefix letter “A” followed by
    two or three numerical digits.
    Ex. ASTM A36
    ASTM A514

    Three groups of hot rolled structural steels used in buildings


    1. Carbon Steel: Fy= 220-290 MPa
    2. High Strength Low Alloy Steel (HSLA) : Fy= 480-840 MPa
    3. Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel : Fy= 480-690 MPa

    Steel Treatments:
    1. Quenching - rapid cooling
    2. Tempering - reheating

    1
    10/18/2016

    Properties of Steel:
    1. Yield Stress, Fy
    Unit tensile stress at which the stress strain curve exhibits a well
    defined increase strain (deformation) without an increase in stress.
    2. Ultimate Tensile Strength, Fu
    Largest unit stress that the materials achieve in a tension test.
    3. Modulus of Elasticity, E
    The slope of the initial straight-line proportion of the stress strain
    diagram, Esteel= 200,000 MPa
    4. Ductility
    Ability of the material to undergo large inelastic deformation without
    failure
    5. Toughness
    Ability of the material to absorb energy and is characterized by the entire
    area under a stress strain curve
    6. Weldability
    Ability of steel to be welded without changing its
    mechanical properties
    7. Poisson’s Ratio, µ
    Ratio of the transverse strain to the longitudinal strain
    8. Shear Modulus, G
    Ratio of the shearing stress to shearing strain during
    the elastic behavior. It is often called Modulus of Rigidity.

    Stress-Strain Diagram of Steel

    δ=
    6

    4
    3
    2
    1
    5

    1. Proportional Limit ∈=
    2. Elastic Limit
    3. Yield Point
    4. Ultimate Strength
    5. Theoretical Rupture Strength µ= = =
    6. Actual Rupture Strength

    Slope = = =E .

    E=

    2
    10/18/2016

    Typical Properties of ASTM A36 STEEL


    E= 200,000 MPa
    Fy= 248 MPa
    Fu= 400 MPa
    Density= 7780 kg/m3
    Shear Modulus, G= 77,200 MPa
    Coeff. Of thermal expansion, α=11.7 x10-6 / Co

    Typical Structural Steel Sections


    1. Wide Flange Section ex. W6 x 20
    nominal weight per linear length (w)
    w=20 lbs/ft
    flange
    nominal depth (d)
    d=6 inches
    d
    web

    bf

    2. Standard I-Section ex. S24x121

    w=121 lbs/ft
    d=24 in

    3. Angular Section ex. 20 x 20 x 3

    20

    20

    4. Channel Section ex. C 15 x 50


    d=15 in
    w=50 lbs/ft
    d
    tw

    bf

    3
    10/18/2016

    Section Properties
    a. Dimensions
    b. Area / Perimeter
    c. Center of Gravity / Centroid ( )
    d. Moment of Inertia Ix , Iy
    e. Section Modulus Sx , Sy
    f. Radius of Gyration rx , ry

    Centroid of an Area (First Moment of Area)


    ATxc =

    ATyc =

    Varignon’s Theorem
    AT = A1x1 + A2x2 + ... +Anxn

    AT = A1y1 + A2y2 + ... +Anyn

    Moment of Inertia (Second Moment of Area)


    It measures the ability of a member to resist bending

    Ix =

    Iy =

    Polar Moment of Inertia, J


    J= =

    J = Ix + Iy
    Radius of Gyration, r
    An imaginary distance from the centroidal axis at which
    the entire area can be assumed to exist without affecting
    the moment of inertia

    r=

    4
    10/18/2016

    MOMENT OF INERTIA W/ RESPECT TO


    AN INCLINED AXIS

    SAMPLE PROBLEM 1

    For the Given Section shown.


    a. Determine the moment of inertia w/ respect to x-axis
    b. Determine the moment of inertia w/ respect to y-axis
    c. Determine the moment of inertia w/ respect to x’-axis

    30°

    tw=40

    Sample Problem 2

    A certain area has the following properties:

    Ix = 40 x 106 mm4
    Iy = 100 x 106 mm4
    Ixy = 40 x 106 mm4

    a. Determine the max and min moment of inertia


    b. Determine the angle that the axis of max moment of inertia
    makes w/ the x-axis.

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