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Fourier's Law: A T T (L

The document discusses the analogy between thermal and electrical phenomena. It outlines the equivalences between thermal and electrical concepts like heat flow and current, temperature difference and voltage, thermal resistance and electrical resistance. It also shows the equivalent thermal circuit for heat transfer and relates it to the electrical circuit of a transistor.

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EzioSilvestre
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206 views8 pages

Fourier's Law: A T T (L

The document discusses the analogy between thermal and electrical phenomena. It outlines the equivalences between thermal and electrical concepts like heat flow and current, temperature difference and voltage, thermal resistance and electrical resistance. It also shows the equivalent thermal circuit for heat transfer and relates it to the electrical circuit of a transistor.

Uploaded by

EzioSilvestre
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fourier’s Law Jx =

dQ
=− κ
dT
dt dx
∆T ∆T
Q′ = A κ = Jx ≡
1 dQx
L (L / κ A) A dt

Q′ = rate of heat flow or the heat current, A = cross-sectional area, κ


= thermal conductivity (material-dependent constant of
proportionality), ∆T = temperature difference between ends of
component, L = length of component

Ohm’s Law
∆V ∆V
I= =
R (L / σ A)
I = electric current, ∆V = voltage difference across the conductor, R =
resistance, L = length, σ = conductivity, A = cross-sectional area
Fourier’s Law
∆T ∆T
Q′ = A κ =
L (L / κ A) = θ

Q′ = rate of heat flow or the heat current, A = cross-sectional area, κ


= thermal conductivity (material-dependent constant of
proportionality), ∆T = temperature difference between ends of
component, L = length of component

Ohm’s Law
∆V ∆V
I= =
R (L / σ A) =R
I = electric current, ∆V = voltage difference across the conductor, R =
resistance, L = length, σ = conductivity, A = cross-sectional area
Definition of Thermal Resistance

∆T
Q′ =
θ
Q′ = rate of heat flow, ∆T = temperature difference, θ = thermal
resistance

Thermal Resistance
L
θ=
Aκ
θ = thermal resistance, L = length, A = cross-sectional area, κ =
thermal conductivity
Analogy between thermal and electrical phenomena

THERMAL PHENOMENA ELECTRICAL PHENOMENA


Q = rate of heat flow I = Current
∆T = temperature difference ∆V = bias (voltage)
Θ = thermal resistance R = resistance
Heat reservoir ∆T Q′ = ∆T/θ Force)
EMF (Electromotive
Absolute
Hot zero Cold
Ground ∆T
∆T Heat generator
Q′ Q′
Current supply
Q′ ∆V
Q′ = I=
θ A R
θ
L
(a) (b)

Fig. 2.23: Conduction of heat through a component in (a) can be


modeled as a thermal resistance θ shown in (b) where Q′ = ∆T/θ.
From Principles of Electronic Materials and Devices, Second Edition, S.O. Kasap (© McGraw-Hill, 2002)
http://Materials.Usask.Ca
Analogy between thermal and electrical phenomena
THERMAL PHENOMENA ELECTRICAL PHENOMENA
Q = rate of heat flow I = Current
∆T = temperature difference ∆V = bias (voltage)
Θ = thermal resistance R = resistance
Heat reservoir EMF (Electromotive Force)
Absolute zero Ground
Heat generator Current supply

Essential Heat Transfer for Electrical Engineers (© S.O. Kasap, 2003: v.2.02) An e-Booklet
Analogy between thermal and electrical phenomena
THERMAL PHENOMENA ELECTRICAL PHENOMENA
Q = rate of heat flow I = Current
∆T = temperature difference ∆V = bias (voltage)
Θ = thermal resistance R = resistance
Heat reservoir EMF (Electromotive Force)
Absolute zero Ground
Heat generator Current supply

Ti T0 Q’=(Ti-T0)/Θ

IR2

Essential Heat Transfer for Electrical Engineers (© S.O. Kasap, 2003: v.2.02) An e-Booklet
Analogy between thermal and electrical phenomena
THERMAL PHENOMENA ELECTRICAL PHENOMENA
Q = rate of heat flow I = Current
∆T = temperature difference ∆V = bias (voltage)
Θ = thermal resistance R = resistance
Heat reservoir EMF (Electromotive Force)
Absolute zero Ground
Heat generator Current supply
C = thermal capacitance C = capacitance

δQ = C δT δQ = C δV

δT δV
Q′ = C I =C
δt δt
Analogy between thermal and electrical phenomena
and equivalent circuit of transistor

THERMAL PHENOMENA ELECTRICAL PHENOMENA


Q = rate of heat flow I = Current
∆T = temperature difference ∆V = bias (voltage)
Θ = thermal resistance R = resistance
C = thermal capacitance C = capacitance
Heat reservoir EMF (Electromotive Force)
Absolute zero Ground
Heat generator Current supply

Essential Heat Transfer for Electrical Engineers (© S.O. Kasap, 2003: v.2.02) An e-Booklet

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