TENAGA NASIONAL UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MESB 443 – Electro-Mechanical Systems

Semester 2 2018/2019

Group Project:
Moving Walkway

Lecturer: Mr. Vignesh Vicki A/L Wanatasanappan

No. Name Student ID
1. Nadiah Ahmad Tajri ME0100664
2. Nur Azra Syafinas binti Ahmad Zuraimi ME0101499
3. Noor Fatini Elea binti Bashir ME0101502
4. Luqman Nulhakim bin Kamarulzaman ME097109
5. Ahmad Luqman Hakim bin Mohd Mudrikah ME0100617
 Submitted Date: 8​th ​February 2019 Due Date: 8​th ​February 2019

Report on Designing a Moving Walkway

Nadiah Ahmad Tajri, Nur Azra Syafinas binti Ahmad Zuraimi, Noor Fatini Elea binti Bashir,
Luqman Nulhakim bin Kamarulzaman, Ahmad Luqman Hakim.
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Tenaga National University
Kajang, Selangor.

Abstract
In today’s environment, particularly in the urban communities, people groups are
occupied and moving ceaselessly and quickly. With the progression in advances, there's a big
deal the opportunity to fully fill this individual flow experience. Moving walkway is a device
utilized as a mode of transporting that move people from one platform to another platforms. This
purposed device comprises of a pulley with belt conveyer which is being driven by a motor
induction. The systems of this devices consist of several application in order to full fill all the
requirement in designing the moving walkway such as stress analysis, safety factor, length, load,
torque, speed, durability, and quality for the market requirements. It is important to select the
correct material and equipment in order to make sure this device stay safety and effectiveness.
Therefore, the report describes a complete framework for producing a suitable moving walkway.

Keywords- Pulley and belt conveyer, efficiency, environmental, safety, motor selection
 Introduction
People population nowadays are very crowded especially in urban cities. This is due to
the life style that become more advance in this technology world. People are more educated and
have their own career. When talks about modern technology, every single thing in this world are
become advance especially in gadget and transportation. Transportations such as bus, car,
aeroplane, and trains usually have been used for a long distances journey. However, for a short
distance journey for example, escalators or moving walkway is used especially in shopping mall,
office building, airport, museum or other places, this application is important to transport an
individual from one point to somewhere else. Mainly, this device is used in a biggest building in
order to save time. People no need to rush to get somewhere else. There are two type of
movement for this application which is vertical and horizontal movement.

Moving Walkway System

Basically, this movement of moving walkway is producing in horizontal movement,

where it is a continuous movement with high speed that accelerated to move the people in the
platform. This device usually used in terminal airport over all the world. Figure below shows the
example current market of moving walkways that have been implemented.

Figure 1:​ Moving Walkways in Brussels Airport.

 Furthermore, acceleration in moving walk was worked with sliding metal pallet or a
metal conveyor, that constantly move the traveller by accelerate from a lower speed at the
passage to the rapid of the centre and then decelerate the speed in the exit [1]. Increasing speed
and deceleration are accomplished by executing different components to change the speed. In
light of its history and advancement, mechanical belt where the chain is a running over sprockets
that can be utilized to transmit the power and control starting with one check point then onto the
next check point [2]. Chain strips are machine components that are exposed to outrageous
administration conditions, for example, friction and high tractable burdens [3].

Occupied urban life makes a requirement for better method of transportation which save
more time. Innovation arrangements offered by the present market isn't attainable to settle the
general population transportation on the over extension stage. Moreover, the current situation of
moving walkway working give just the transportation starting with one check point then onto the
next, with real situation there is a prerequisite for numerous stops for the travellers to get down
to the moderate stages.
Literature Review
 Problem Statement

This project is aiming to select a suitable motor for the moving walkway that being used such as
in the airport, shopping mall etc. while taking consideration the average user mass of 80 kg
including the mass of the mechanism required to operate the machine. The main objectives of
this project are to:
● To analyze and select motor suitable for the job.
● To verify the chosen motor fulfill the specification needed and safe for usage.

Design Specifications

Designing a appropriate moving walkway, a 4-pole single phase continuous AC motor is

required. The motor that will drive the mechanism has to fill the specification below:

Figure 2​: Moving Walk Mechanism.

 Table 1​: Design Specifications.
Average mass per user, m​1 80 kg
Belt speed, V 0.60 ± 15% m/s
Drum diameter, d​R 0.23 m
Mass of roller, m​2 2 kg
Pulley 1 diameter, d​1 0.13 m
Pulley 2 diameter, d​2 0.23 m
Mass of pulley 1, m​p1 0.2 kg
Mass of pulley 2, m​p2 0.4 kg
Belt-roller efficiency, ɳ​R 0.9
Belt-pulley efficiency, ɳ​P 0.9
Friction coefficient of
0.05
sliding surface, µ
Single phase AC
Motor power supply 110 V, 60 Hz
continuous
 Calculation and Analysis

A. Gear Ratio
Speed at the gearhead output shaft,

N​G​ = 42.35 ~ 57.30 rpm

The rated speed for a 4-pole motor at 60Hz: 1450 ~ 1550 rpm

• Gear ratio, ί = 25.31 ~ 36.60

From the range, ί = 36 is selected.

​
B. Required Torque, TM

• Friction coefficient of sliding surface,

F = µ x m​1​ x g

= 0.05 x 80 x 9.81

= 39.24 N

Then calculate for torque needed for start-up:

• Load torque, T​L =

​ 5.014 Nm

This is the load torque at the gearhead drive shaft. Next, the required torque at the motor output
shaft, T​M​:
(Gearhead transmission efficiency = 0.73)

• T​M​ = 0.1908 Nm = 190.8 m Nm

with the factor of safety is doubled:

190.8 × 2 = 381.6 m Nm

The suitable motor should have a starting torque of 381.6 m Nm or greater. As the standard
maximum rated torque for motor ​5RK60GU-AWMU is 405 m Nm, thus it is the best choice.
 Since, the gear ratio 1:36, gearhead ​5GU36K is selected to be connected to the
5RK60GU-AWMU.

C. Load Inertia Check

• Belt and work moment of Inertia,
2​ 2
J​m1 =
​ m​1​ × (A/2π)​ = 80 × (0.23π/2π)​

= 1058 x 10​-4​ kgm​2

• Roller moment of Inertia,
J​m2​ = 1/8 x m​2 ​× D​2​ = 2/8 × (0.23)​2
= 132.25 x 10​-4​ kgm​2
• Total inertia,
J = J​m1​ + 2J​m2​ = 1058 x 10​-4​ + (2 x 132.25 x 10​-4​)
= 1322.5 x 10​-4​ kgm​2

• Permissible load inertia,

J​G​ = 1.1 x 10​-4 ​× 36² = 1425.6 x 10​-4​ kgm​2
∴​ J​G ​> J.

Speed used under no-load conditions ≈ 1750r/min

V = 0.59 m/s
 Conclusion

As for conclusion, all objectives of this paper are achieved. The fundamental theory of
the motor is successfully understood throughout completing this paper. The design parameters
and initial assumption are made in order to achieve the objective in designing a moving
walkaway after doing some analysis based on guideline. In certain part especially in doing
calculation, critical thinking skill is needed to be performed.

The real-life application on motor selection are determined successfully. The speed of the
output gearhead shaft is 42.35 – 57.30 rpm, with gear ratio of for a 4-pole motor at 60 Hz, 1450 –
1550 rpm. Through calculation and analysis, the load torque required is found to be at 5.014 Nm.
Furthermore, the suitable motor should have a starting torque of 381.6 m Nm at least. Thus, this
confirms that the ​5RK60GU-AWMU motor meets the specifications and motor is considered the
best.
 References

[1] En.wikipedia.org. (2019). ​Moving walkway.​ [online] Available at:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_walkway​ [Accessed 6 Feb. 2019].

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[3] Elevatorhistory.net. (2019). ​Moving Walkway - History of Moving Sidewalk.​ [online]

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[6] Orata, M. (2019). ​Walkalator.​ [online] Slideshare.net. Available at:

https://www.slideshare.net/MarillaAngelieOrata/walkalator​ [Accessed 6 Feb. 2019].

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with_Calculations_and_Examples​. [Accessed 01 09 2018].

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