EXERCISE 5(A)

1. Define:
(a) A physical change (b) A Chemical change

2. Classify the following as physical or a chemical change:

 Ripening of fruit
 Liquefying of air
 Charging of a car battery
 Drying of wet clothes
 Manufacture of salt from sea water
 Making of curd from milk
 Butter getting rancid
 Heating of a platinum wire
 Growth of a tree
 Rusting of iron
 Making of dry ice from carbon dioxide gas
 Bursting of water pipes in severe winter
 Boiling of water
 Burning of paper

3. Which of the following is not a physical change ?

a. Freezing of water
b. Powdered sulphur when heated gently.
c. Magnetising of a piece of iron
4. Give four characteristics of:
a. a physical change b. a chemical change
5. Differentiate between physical and chemical changes.
6. Show that a physical change can easily be reversed.
7. Explain which type of change occurs when water is electrolysed.
8. When hydrogen burns in air, the change is chemical. Give two reasons to support this assertion.
9. Explain why the heating of ammonium chloride can be understood as the combination of a physical as well as
a chemical change. Give another example of the same type of change.
10. Give reasons to show that the following are the chemical changes.
a. Burning of magnesium in air
b. Adding of calcium to water
11. Name a substance which, on heating, leaves no residue behind. Give an equation.
12. How do the following help in bringing about a chemical change?
a. pressure b. electricity
c. light d. catalyst
e. heat Give
an example in each case
13. What is the difference between the dissolution of copper sulphate in water and that of granulated zinc in
Dilute hydrochloric acid?
14. Explain why sublimation is regarded as a physical change and the slaking of lime a chemical change.
15. Freezing of water to ice and evaporation of water are both physical changes. Explain
16. Explain :
a) When ammonium nitrate is desolved in water contained in a beaker, it becomes cold.
b) When little sulphuric acid is added to water in a beaker, it becomes hot.
c) Silver nitrate solution is kept in coloured reagent bottles in the laboratory
17. Give reasons why the burning of a candle is both a physical and a chemical change.
18. Complete the following statements by using proper words:
a) The process of a liquid changing into a solid is called ……………………………………..
b) The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid is called ………………………………………….
c) The process of a solid changing directly into a gas is called ………………………………………
d) A change which alters the composition of a substance is known as a …………………………….change.

EXERCISE 5(B)

1. a) What is a chemical reaction.

b) Give the conditions necessary for a chemical change or reaction.
2. Define or explain the following terms:-
A) Chemical bond b) Effervescence
C) Precipitate
3. State the main characteristics of chemical reactions. Give at least one example in each case.
4. Define exothermic and endothermic changes. Give two examples in each case.
5. State the effect of an endothermic reaction and an exothermic reaction on the surroundings.
6. Give an example of reaction where the following are involved
a) Heat b) Light c) Electricity
7. Define:
A. Photochemical reaction
B. Electrochemical reaction
Give example in each case.
8. Give an example of each of the following chemical change.
a) A photochemical reaction involving
(i) Silver salt (ii) Water
b) A reaction involving
(i) change of state
(ii) formation of precipitate
c) An exothermic and endothermic reaction involving carbon as one of the reactants.
d) A reaction where colour change is noticed.

EXERCISE 5(C)

1. What is a chemical reaction?

2. When hydrogen burns in oxygen, water is formed ; when electricity is passed through water,hydrogen and
Oxygen are given out. Name the type of chemical change involved in the two cases.
3. Complete the following statements by using proper words.
a. The chemical change involving iron and hydrochloric acid illustrates a ……………………………reaction.
b. In the type of reaction called ………………….two compounds exchange their positive and negative radicals
called…………………
c. A catalyst either …………or………………………the rate of a chemical change but itself remains………………..at
the end of the reaction.
4. Explain, giving one example for each of the following chemical changes:
A. Double decomposition
B. Thermal dissociation
C. Electrolytic dissociation
D. Displacement
5. What is synthesis ? What kind of chemical reaction is synthesis ? Support your answer by an example.
6. Decomposition brought about by heat is heat is known as thermal decomposition. What is the difference
Between thermal dissociation and thermal decomposition.
7. Define neutralisation reaction. Give three applications of neutralisation reaction.
8. (a) What do you understand by hydrolisis ? Explain giving example.
(b) Iron (III) chloride is acidic while sodium carbonate is basic. Explain
9. What is decomposition? Support the answer by an example.
10. Name the reaction in which a rearrangement in which a rearrangement of atoms occurs. Give an example
to illustrate it.
11. Which type are the following reactions ?
A) CL2 + 2Br --------- 2KCL + Br2
B) Fe + CuSO4 -------------FeSO4 + Cu
C) 2Hgo --------- 2Hg + O2
D) PbO2 + SO2 --------- PbSO4
E) AgNO3 + NaCl ----------AgCl + NaNO3
F) 2KCLO3 ------ 2KCL + 3O2
G) 2H2O2 ---------- 2H2O + O2

12. Describe briefly the ionic concept of oxidation and reduction.

13. Is it essential that oxidation and reduction must occur side by side in a chemical reaction ? Explain
14. State, giving reasons, whether substances printed in bold letters have been oxidised or reduced.
A) PbO + CO ------- Pb + CO2
B) H2S+ Cl2 ------2HCl +S
15. State whether the following conversations are oxidation or reduction.
A. PbO2 +SO2 --------PbSO4
B. K ----------K+ + e-
16. Give a chemical test for:
A. An oxidising agent b. a reducing agent
17. Give an example of each of the following types of reaction.
A. An oxidation reaction involving removal of the electropositive element
B. A redox reaction involving a metallic oxide and a neutral gas as the only reactants.
C. A catalytic reaction involving two gaseous reactants
D. A decomposition reaction which does not require heat other than thermal decomposition.
E. An oxidation reaction involving addition of the electronegative radical.
F. A redox reaction involving two gases.
G. A Photochemical reaction involving a silver salt.
18. Name :
A. An oxidising agent which does not contain oxygen.
B. A substance which will oxidise concentrated HCL to chlorine.
C. A substance which will reduce aqueous Iron (III) ions to Iron (II) ions
D. A liquid which is an oxidising as well as a reducing agent.
E. A gas which is an oxidising as well as a reducing agent
F. A solid which is an oxidising agent.
EXERCISE:- 5 (D)
1. (a) Define burning.
(b) Air is neccesary for burning. Comment
2. Why does magnesium gain weight on burning?
3. Name the products formed when a candle burns in the air. Give one test for each product.
4. What are the conditions for burning to take place?
5. What do you understand by ignition temperature?
6. Explain : (I) why gun powder catches fire even in the absence of air.
(ii) Water can be boiled in a paper cup.
7. (a) What are combustible and non-combustible substances.
(b) Name two substances other than oxygen that support combustion.
8. Define respiration. Give an experiment to show that respired air contains more carbon dioxide than atmospheric
Air.
9. (a) Compare the burning of carbon compounds with respiration.
(b) How is respiration similar to burning?
10. Which gases are added to the air by :
(a) decay or fermentation (b) respiration
(c) combustion (d) photosynthesis
11. Which gases are removed from the air by :
(a) photosynthesis (b) respiration
(c) combustion
12. State two important processes, which :
(a) release CO2 into the atmosphere
(b) remove CO2 from the atmosphere
13. How does the balance of O2 and CO2 is maintained in nature?
14. What will be the affect on
(a) burning (b) digestion (c) metals
15. What would be the affect on burning if the proportions of nitrogen and oxygen in the air were reversed?
REVIEW QUESTIONS
I.C.S.E Questions set in previous years
1. Name a liquid that will remove iodine stains.
2. XCI2 is the chloride of a metal X. Write down the formula of the sulphate and the hydroxide of the metal X.
3. Complete the following “word” equations. Write the words “No reaction” if none occurs :
(a) magnesium + copper sulphate →
(b) iron (II) sulphide + hydrochloric acid →
4. Write the equation for the following and state whether is a decomposition reaction. The action of heat on
Lead nitrate. [Practical chart]
5. State briefly how you would separate ( or name the process used to separate) :
(a) Common salt from a solution of common salt in water.
(b) Alcohol from a mixture of alcohol and water.
(c) Sulphur from mixture of carbon particles and powered roll sulphur.
(d) Black copper oxide from a mixture of copper oxide and zinc oxide.
(e) The coloured dyes in black ink.
6. Explain briefly how would you obtain CO from a mixture of CO and CO2.
7. What are the constituent unit of crystals of :
(a) iodine (b) sodium chloride.
8. (a) What is meant by the term “atomicity of a gas”?
(b) Name a gas that is diatomic.
9. Name a common substance that exists in all the three states of matter.
10. (a) obtain sulphur from a mixture of sulphur and iron filings.
(b) separate a precipitate of lead sulphate obtained by adding sulphuric acid to a solution of lead nitrate.
(c) obtain oil from a mixture of oil and water.
(d) obtain iodine from a mixture of powdered iodine and ammonium chloride.
(e) obtain powdered charcoal from a mixture of copper oxide and powdered charcoal.
11. Give an example of an endothermic reaction
12. An element X is trivalent. Write the balanced equation for the combustion of X in oxygen.
13. Name a chemical technique which could be used successfully to separate :
(a) iodine crystals from sand
(b) petrol from crude oil
14. A pupil decides to separate powdered calcium carbonate from powdered calcium chloride by shaking the
the mixture with water and filtering. Would this procedure succeed? Give reasons for your answer
15. Mixtures are usually heterogeneous, but sometimes homogeneous. Give one example each of two different
Types of homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
16. In which of the following four substances will there be :
(a) increase in weight
(b) decrease in weight
(c) no change in weight, when exposed to air
I) sodium chloride ii) sodium carbonate crystals iii) conc. H2SO4 and iv) iron?
17. Name the process used to separate the constituents of liquid air.
18. “When stating the volume of a gas, the pressure and temperature should also be given.” Why?
19. Define or state : (a) Absolute temperature (b) Boyle’s Law (c) Charle’s Law
20. A gas occupies 760cm3 at 27o and 70cm of Hg. What will be its volume at s.t.p?
21. At 0oC and 760mm Hg pressure, a gas occupies a volume of 100 cm3. The Kelvin temperature(absolute
Temperature of the gas is increased by one-fifth, while the pressure is increased by one-fifth times.
Calculate the final volume of the gas.
22. The pressure of one mole of gas at STP is doubled and the temperature is raised to 546 K. What is the final of
the volume of the gas? (one mole of a gas occupies a volume of 22.4 litres at STP)
23. Is it possible to change the temperature and pressure of a mixed mass of gas without changing its volume?
Give reasons for your answer.
24. Suggest some suitable solvents for : (a) rust (b) sulphur (c) chlorophyll (d) wax
25. How can you obtain :
(a) oxygen from a mixture of oxygen and ammonia?
(b) hydrogen from a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide?
(c) copper filings from a mixture of both copper and iron filings?
26. Complete the following equations in words and then write down the balanced molecular equation in each case.
(a) Zinc nitrate + sodium carbonate → ……………………………………..+ …………………………………
(b) Iron (II) sulphate (ferrous sulphate) + sodium hydroxide → …………………….+ ……………………
27. Give one reason why magnetising a piece of steel is a physical change.
28. How you would separate :
(a) gold from a mixture of gold and copper fillings?
(b) pure water from sea water?
(C) Kerosene oil from a mixture of kerosene oil and petrol ?
(d) lead sulphate from a mixture of lead sulphate and lead chloride?
29. If the formula of the nitride of a metal X is XN, what is the formula of :
(a) its sulphate (b) its hydroxide
30. Name a homogeneous mixture of :
(a) a liquid and a solid (b) two liquids
31. What is the valency of nitrogen in :
(a) NO (b) N2O (c) NO2
32. Name a non-metallic element, which :
(a) is a liquid at ordinary temperature
(b) is a conductor of electricity
33. Name a metal oxide, which is yellow in colour.
34. Name the process of change of state by which naphthalene changes into a vapour. Name an element that
can undergo the same change of state.
35. Dilute hydrochloric acid is added first to a mixture f iron and sulphur and then to the compound formed by
iron and sulphur. Name the gases formed in each case.
36. How would you separate:
(a) lead chloride from a mixture of lead chloride and silver chloride ?
(b) Zinc carbonate from a mixture of zinc carbonate and sodium carbonate ?
(c) benzene (b.p. 80 degree Celsius) from toluene (b.p. 111 degree Celsius) with which it is miscible?
37. State whether the following conversations are examples of oxidation or of reduction :
(a) Na Na+ + e-
(b) PbO2 PbSO4
38. Complete the following equations and state in each case if the reaction represents oxidation or reduction :
(a) Fe2+ Fe3+ (b) Cl- Cl (c) Cu++ Cu
+ + 3+
(d) Ag Ag (e) H H (f) Al Al
39. From the following techniques (or methods):
Distillation, filtration, fractional distillation, chromatography, electrolysis, crystallisation.
Select and write down the technique you would use to separate:
(a) The constituents of the colouring matter in ink.
(b) Pure copper from a sample of impure copper.
(c) Hydrated copper (II) sulphate, or blue vitriol, from its aqueous solution.
(d) Unused zinc, after reacting excess zinc with dilute sulphuric acid.
40. Express Kelvin Zero in degree celcius.
41. Reaction can be classified as follows :
Direct combination, decomposition, simple displacement,double decomposition, redox reactions.
State which of the above types takes place in the reactions given below :
a) Cl2 + 2KI 2KCI + I2 b) SO2 + 2 H2O + Cl2 2HCI + H2SO4
c) 4HNO3 4NO2 + 2H2O + O2 d) 2Mg + O2 2MgO e) AgNO3 + HCL AgCl + HNO3
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Physical
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