2019 China Team Selection Test

China Team Selection Test 2019

– Test 1 Day 1

1 ABCDE is a cyclic pentagon, with circumcentre O. AB = AE = CD. I

midpoint of BC. J midpoint of DE. F is the orthocentre of △ABE, and G
the centroid of △AIJ.CE intersects BD at H, OG intersects F H at M . Show
that AM ⊥ CD.

2 Fix a positive integer n ≥ 3. Does there exist infinitely many sets S of positive
integers {a1 , a2 , . . . , an , b1 , b2 , . . . , bn }, such that gcd(a an , b1 , b2 , . . . , bn ) =
Q1 , a2 , . . . , Q
1, {ai }ni=1 , {bi }ni=1 are arithmetic progressions, and ni=1 ai = ni=1 bi ?

3 Find all positive integer n, such that there exists n points P1 , . . . , Pn on the
unit
Pn circlek , satisfying the condition that for any point M on the unit circle,
i=1 M Pi is a fixed value for

a) k = 2018

b) k = 2019.

– Test 1 Day 2

4 Call a sequence of positive integers {an } good if for any distinct positive integers
m, n, one has

gcd(m, n) | a2m + a2n and gcd(am , an ) | m2 + n2 .

Call a positive integer a to be k-good if there exists a good sequence such that
ak = a. Does there exists a k such that there are exactly 2019 k-good positive
integers?

5 Determine all functions f : Q → Q such that

1 1
f (2xy + ) + f (x − y) = 4f (x)f (y) +
2 2
for all x, y ∈ Q.

6 Let k be a positive real. A and B play the following game: at the start, there
are 80 zeroes arrange around a circle. Each turn, A increases some of these 80
numbers, such that the total sum added is 1. Next, B selects ten consecutive

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numbers with the largest sum, and reduces them all to 0. A then wins the game
if he/she can ensure that at least one of the number is ≥ k at some finite point
of time.
Determine all k such that A can always win the game.

– Test 2 Day 1

1 AB and AC are tangents to a circle ω with center O at B, C respectively. Point

P is a variable point on minor arc BC. The tangent at P to ω meets AB, AC at
D, E respectively. AO meets BP, CP at U, V respectively. The line through P
perpendicular to AB intersects DV at M , and the line through P perpendicular
to AC intersects EU at N . Prove that as P varies, M N passes through a fixed
point.

2 Let S be the set of 10-tuples of non-negative integers that have sum 2019. For
any tuple in S, if one of the numbers in the tuple is ≥ 9, then we can subtract
9 from it, and add 1 to the remaining numbers in the tuple. Call thus one
operation. If for A, B ∈ S we can get from A to B in finitely many operations,
then denote A → B.
(1) Find the smallest integer k, such that if the minimum number in A, B ∈ S
respectively are both ≥ k, then A → B implies B → A.
(2) For the k obtained in (1), how many tuples can we pick from S, such that
any two of these tuples A, B that are distinct, A 6→ B.

3 Let n be a given even number, a1 , a2 , · · · , an be non-negative P

real numbers such
that a1 +a2 +· · ·+an = 1. Find the maximum possible value of 1≤i<j≤n min{(i−
j)2 , (n + i − j)2 }ai aj .

– Test 2 Day 2

4 Does there exist a finite set A of positive integers of at least two elements and
an infinite set B of positive integers, such that any two distinct elements in
A + B are coprime, and for any coprime positive integers m, n, there exists an
element x in A + B satisfying x ≡ n (mod m) ?
Here A + B = {a + b|a ∈ A, b ∈ B}.

5 Let M be the midpoint of BC of triangle ABC. The circle with diameter BC,
ω, meets AB, AC at D, E respectively. P lies inside △ABC such that ∠P BA =
∠P AC, ∠P CA = ∠P AB, and 2P M · DE = BC 2 . Point X lies outside ω such
that XM k AP , and XB AB
XC = AC . Prove that ∠BXC + ∠BAC = 90 .
◦

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 2019 China Team Selection Test

6 Given coprime positive integers p, q > 1, call all positive integers that cannot be
written as px + qy(where x, y are non-negative integers) bad, and define S(p, q)
to be the sum of all bad numbers raised to the power of 2019. Prove that there
exists a positive integer n, such that for any p, q as described, (p − 1)(q − 1)
divides nS(p, q).

– Test 3 Day 1

1 Given complex numbers x, y, z, with |x|2 + |y|2 + |z|2 = 1. Prove that:

|x3 + y 3 + z 3 − 3xyz| ≤ 1

2 Let S be a set of positive integers, such that n ∈ S if and only if

X
d≤n
d|n,d<n,d∈S

Find all positive integers n = 2k · p where k is a non-negative integer and p is

an odd prime, such that X
d=n
d|n,d<n,d∈S

3 Does there exist a bijection f : N+ → N+ , such that there exist a positive

integer k, and it’s possible to have each positive integer colored by one of k
chosen colors, such that for any x 6= y , f (x) + y and f (y) + x are not the same
color?

– Test 3 Day 2

4 Find all functions f : R2 → R, such that

1) f (0, x) is non-decreasing ;
2) for any x, y ∈ R, f (x, y) = f (y, x) ;
3) for any x, y, z ∈ R, (f (x, y) − f (y, z))(f (y, z) − f (z, x))(f (z, x) − f (x, y)) = 0
;
4) for any x, y, a ∈ R, f (x + a, y + a) = f (x, y) + a .

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5 In ∆ABC, AD ⊥ BC at D. E, F lie on line AB, such that BD = BE = BF .

Let I, J be the incenter and A-excenter. Prove that there exist two points P, Q
on the circumcircle of ∆ABC , such that P B = QC, and ∆P EI ∼ ∆QF J .

6 Given positive integers d ≥ 3, r > 2 and l, with 2d ≤ l < rd. Every vertice
of the graph G(V, E) is assigned to a positive integer in {1, 2, · · · , l}, such that
for any two consecutive vertices in the graph, the integers they are assigned to,
respectively, have difference no less than d, and no more than l − d.
A proper coloring of the graph is a coloring of the vertices, such that any two
consecutive vertices are not the same color. It’s given that there exist a proper
subset A of V , such that for G’s any proper coloring with r − 1 colors, and for
an arbitrary color C, either all numbers in color C appear in A, or none of the
numbers in color C appear in A.
Show that G has a proper coloring within r − 1 colors.

– Test 4 Day 1

1 Cyclic quadrilateral ABCD has circumcircle (O) , M, N are midpoints of

AD, BC, E, F lie on AD, BC, respectively, such that EF passes through O
and EO = OF . Let EN meets F M at P . Denote S as the circumcenter of
∆P EF . P O intersects AD , BA at Q, R respectively. Suppose OSP C is a
parallelogram, prove that AQ = AR .

2 A graph G(V, E) is triangle-free, but adding any edges to the graph will form
a triangle. It’s given that |V | = 2019, |E| > 2018, find the minimum of |E| .

3 60 points lie on the plane, such that no three points are collinear. Prove that
one can divide the points into 20 groups, with 3 points in each group, such that
the triangles ( 20 in total) consist of three points in a group have a non-empty
intersection.

– Test 4 Day 2

4 Prove that there exist a subset A of {1, 2, · · · , 2n } with n elements, such that
for any two different non-empty subset of A, the sum of elements of one subset
doesn’t divide another’s.

5 Find all integer n such that the following property holds: for any positive real
numbers a, b, c, x, y, z, with max(a, b, c, x, y, z) = a , a + b + c = x + y + z and
abc = xyz, the inequality

a n + bn + c n ≥ x n + y n + z n

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holds.

6 Given positive integer n, k such that 2 ≤ n < 2k . Prove
that there exist a
subset A of {0, 1, · · · , n} such that for any x 6= y ∈ A, xy is even, and
k

⌊ k2 ⌋
|A| ≥ · (n + 1)
2k

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