Scribd
Upload
551 views3 pages

A Century of Language Teaching

Over the past century, many different language teaching methods have been developed and utilized. Early methods in the 18th century focused on memorization and translation, while later methods emphasized direct use of the language without translation, like the Direct Method in the late 18th century. In the 19th century, the Grammar Translation Method aimed for reading proficiency. The 20th century saw the rise of the Audiolingual Method and designer methods focused on the learner such as Community Language Learning. Communicative Language Teaching in the 1970s emphasized communicative competence over grammatical rules. Total Physical Response and the Natural Approach also emerged in the 1970s with a comprehension-based focus.

Uploaded by

Cinthya Olivares
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
551 views3 pages

A Century of Language Teaching

Over the past century, many different language teaching methods have been developed and utilized. Early methods in the 18th century focused on memorization and translation, while later methods emphasized direct use of the language without translation, like the Direct Method in the late 18th century. In the 19th century, the Grammar Translation Method aimed for reading proficiency. The 20th century saw the rise of the Audiolingual Method and designer methods focused on the learner such as Community Language Learning. Communicative Language Teaching in the 1970s emphasized communicative competence over grammatical rules. Total Physical Response and the Natural Approach also emerged in the 1970s with a comprehension-based focus.

Uploaded by

Cinthya Olivares
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

A Century of Language

Teaching

Teacher-centered
18th Western world FLL = Latin and Greek The Classical method
memorization
Asian countries= focus on Reading/translation/ attention to rules
translation of texts

Late 18th Francois Gouin----overshadowed by Maximilian Berlitz ----Direct Method

The Series Method (language is a means of thinking and of representing reality directly
without translation,
no grammar rules)

19th The Grammar Translation Method (for the sake of being scholarly and gaining Reading
proficiency)

1887 The Direct Method (learned as the first language, spontaneous use of language)

Half of the 20th Audiolingual (tenets of the DM)- Revolution / US Military Sponsored Program/ WW II oral
proficiency
1950 AL M used widely ( MIM-MEM)

1950 The Designer Methods Era


Community Language Learning Carl Rogers Counseling Learning
Person-centered, focus on the learner
Social dynamics of the classroom, counselors
1972 The Silent Way Gattegno
More cognitive than affective
Humanistic approach—problem/solving
Discovery learning (Ausubel)
1972 Communicative Language Teaching Hymes (1972) (Communicative competence)
Grammatical knowledge
Canale/Swain Communicative competence Discourse
knowledge
Sociolinguistic knowledge
Strategic knowledge
1977 Total Physical Response/the Natural Approach (comprehension-based) Asher
Traced theory Memory increased if stimulated/traced
through
Association with motor activity
1979 Suggestopedia Lozanov
Right conditions for learning (a state of relaxation, giving over of control of the teacher)

You might also like