Paragraph 1

Alexander the Great was a successful ruler because his actions created long lasting ……. on

cultures that continue to the present day. One example of his legacy was the creation of a

Hellenistic society. Hellenism was the ……… of Greek, Persian, and Egyptian cultures.

During this remarkable time period, people were ………. to pursue a formal education and

produce many different kinds of art. New forms of math, science, and design made a great

impact on society. If this new way of life had not been as successful as it was, Alexander‘s

legacy would not be as memorable and ground breaking as it is even today. Because he

conquered many countries and blended together many different cultures, Alexander the Great

is widely recognized for his ……… and credited with being one of the greatest rulers the

history has ever seen.

A.

1. effects

2. effect

3. affect

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. combination

2. combinations

3. combining

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. encourages

2. encouraged

3. encouragement
Correct Option: 2

D.

1. achievements

2. achievement

3. achieve

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 2

The Super twenty just …….. their first baseball game of the new season; I believe there is

much to be ……… about. Although they lost, it was against an excellent team that had won

the championship last year. The Super twenty fell behind early but …….. excellent teamwork

and …….. back to tie the game. The team had 15 hits and scored 8 runs, which was excellent!

Unfortunately, they made 5 fielding errors, which kept the other team in the lead the entire

game. The game ended with the umpire …… a bad call, and if the call had gone the other

way, The Super twenty might have actually won the game. It wasn‘t a victory, but I say The

Super twenty look like they have a shot at the championship, especially if they ……… to

improve.

A.

1. played

2. plays

3. play

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. excitement

2. excited
3. excite

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. showed

2. shows

3. show

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. came

2. come

3. will come

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. making

2. made

3. make

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. continues

2. continue

3. continued

Correct Option: 2
Paragraph 3

Rohan used to do well in school, and people thought he was smart because of it. But it‘s not

true. In fact, three years ago he …….. in school. However, two years ago he decided to get

serious about school and made a few changes in his lifestyle and routine. First, he ……… he

…….. become interested in whatever was being taught in the class, regardless of what other

people ……. . He decides he would work hard every day and never give up on any

assignment. He decided to never, never fall behind. Finally, he ……. school a priority over

friends and fun. After the …….. these changes, he became an active participant in classroom

discussions, his test scores began to rise. Some students made fun of him because ―He was

smart.‖ How exciting! It seems that being smart is simply a matter of working hard and being

interested. After all, learning a new sport or a video game is hard work even when you are

interested. Unfortunately, learning a new video game takes you nowhere.

A.

1. struggle

2. struggled

3. struggles

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. decides

2. decided

3. decide

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. would

2. will
3. shall

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. thinks

2. think

3. thought

Correct Option: 2

E.

1. made

2. makes

3. will make

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. implementation

2. implementing

3. implement

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 4

The proverb ―Think before you Leap‖ has a deep meaning, which is always useful for a

successful life. It ……….. the idea that we should always think before we act. Impulsive

actions always lead us to embarrassing and odd situations. As we should always think before

we speak, in the same way we should always think before we act. Life is full of various

factors, the factors which can ……… us for the moment but may lead us to failure or the

factors which can repel immediately but may be the stepping stones …….. success. For
example, going to a movie or playing video games may seem an attractive thing for the time

being but can, in the course of time the ……….. of it will disturb the studies of a student .

Therefore, we should always put some ………. on our intuitive and impulsive desires and

then act according to what our mind says is right.

A.

1. convey

2. conveys

3. conveyed

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. fascinate

2. fascinates

3. fascinated

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. to

2. towards

3. for

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. excess

2. excessive

3. access

Correct Option: 1

E.
1. restrain

2. restrict

3. restriction

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 5

Internet is one of the most creative and popular …… the world has ever seen. It has

efficiently …….. up the possibilities of further advancements in many other fields of

existence. It has made our ……. convenient and has also made the world look smaller to us.

Internet allows us to ……… the information displayed on various websites. These websites

who display and add information to the internet have to follow certain set …….. for ensuring

cyber safety. Internet opens up the possibility of various activities such as accessing almost

all the books across the world, connecting with people across oceans, providing education

even in the remote areas, paying bills while sitting in the comfort of our ……, shopping for

anything at just the click of a button, ordering food quickly, learning what‘s going around the

world and more. Searching information on the internet is a quick business and is very

convenient.

A.

1. inventions

2. invention

3. innovation

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. open

2. opened
3. opening

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. life

2. lives

3. lifestyle

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. excess

2. access

3. excessing

Correct Option: 2

E.

1. protocols

2. protocol

3. rules

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. home

2. house

3. homes

Correct Option: 3
Paragraph 6

Child trafficking is the form of trafficking in which children are kidnapped, bought … and

sold for the purpose of exploitation. It is amongst the …. growing crime globally. There is a

…….. of several people involved in activities of recruiting, transporting and exploiting. They

use various ……..to trick the children or their families. Poor children are lured by high wages

or a better lifestyle. Handsome amount is paid to the ……..parents to sell their children. Later

they are transported to different places where they are exploited within the country or abroad.

Illegal documents are used for transportation of victims across the border. And finally they

are exploited mentally and sexually by several people. They are forced to work, beg and steal,

verbally and physically abused and kept under worst conditions. These innocent children are

taken away from the families and are deprived of love and family environment which effects

the growth and development of a child. It has the most ……… and severe effect on the life of

children and their families. Prevention of child trafficking is a global issue. Severe laws must

be set against the grave problem of child trafficking. Legal processes must also stringently be

implemented to prevent the crime and save the victims of child trafficking.

A.

1. transported

2. transport

3. transporting

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. fast

2. faster

3. fastest

Correct Option: 3
C.

1. passage

2. group

3. chain

Correct Option: 3

D.

1. ways

2. mathods

3. paths

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. weak

2. vulnerable

3. defenceless

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. distressed

2. distressing

3. distress

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 7

There are ……… issues on the way of women empowerment. ………. number of crimes

against women in the society are raising the issues of rights of women in India. For the …….

of women empowerment in India, it needs to remove all the issues and challenges from the
root that every women is facing over the years since independence. Most common issues are

related to the education, poverty, health and safety of the women. After the independence,

India has faced many challenges which created a huge difference between men and women

especially in the field of education. The ratio between educated adult men and women in

India is 82.14% and 65.46%.Women in India have been the …….. of exploitation for many

years despite of UN Charter of Human Rights and provisions of the Indian Constitution. This

ratio in the education system can be ……… by educating women and making them

independent. This will break the wall of inequality, negligence, intolerance, social taboo and

exploitation of women in our society. Generally women are exploited in the home as

domestic helps. If poverty, health, safety, crime and other issues related to women are ……..,

then we can see the real dream of women empowerment in near future.

A.

1. many

2. more

3. several

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. Rising

2. Increasing

3. Alarming

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. profit

2. betterment

3. benefit
Correct Option: 3

D.

1. victim

2. slave

3. sufferer

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. optimised

2. optimise

3. reduce

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. removing

2. remove

3. removed

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 8

‗Knowledge is Power‘ is a well-known ultimate fact. Without knowledge it would have been

impossible for human civilizations to ……... We live in the modern, ……… nation where

one cannot cope with lack of knowledge. To compete and transform in the evolving scenario

it is very important to stay up to dated. We are in a tech-savvy ……. where the use of new

technology and gadgets is not obligatory but essential. One can only use technology if he/she

is well-informed about how to use it …… or we might just feel helpless and dependent on

others. Knowledge is the key …… progress and achieve success in life. One can gain
knowledge not just by reading books but also by the practical experience they face in

everyday life. Knowledge is more powerful than the physical strength as it gives us the ability

to deal effectively with any situation in life. One can achieve anything in life with the power

of knowledge. Knowledge is a powerful resource that we can gain and use in …….. and the

good news is it won‘t get depleted.

A.

1. evolve

2. evolution

3. evolved

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. urbanized

2. urban

3. urbanization

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. era

2. generation

3. both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 3

D.

1. well

2. wisely

3. without difficulty

Correct Option: 1
E.

1. for

2. to

3. towards

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. quantity

2. abundance

3. access

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 9

Science is an integral part to ……… and the advancement of knowledge for the world around

us. Scientific studies are basically based on ………. and facts that are then analysed and

understood through experiments. All the natural occurrences in the world that we see around

us every day have scientific explanations. For example, the natural ……….. of rainfall can be

explained through principles of heat, evaporation and condensation. Likewise, the formation

of the rainbow after a rain is a phenomenon based on principles of light. Science education is

important for…………. a scientific temper among children, the youth and people in general

is essential. Physics, chemistry, and biology are the basic streams of science introduced to

children at school. Scientific experiments make the study of the different sciences interesting

and easy to understand. They also help to make children more aware of and ……… to learn

more of the world around them. Scientific studies and experimentation help in making

technological ………… that are adapted to create products and techniques to make our day-
to-day life more easy and comfortable. Technological advancement helps in carrying out

various processes and activities in a quicker and more reliable way.

A.

1. education

2. teaching

3. schooling

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. explanations

2. observations

3. remarks

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. miracle

2. marvel

3. phenomenon

Correct Option: 3

D.

1. developing

2. develop

3. developed

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. curious
2. inquisitive

3. both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. discoveries

2. discovery

3. discovering

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 10

Drug addiction is a ……….. disorder that refers to the condition in which a person feels a

strong need of drugs and can‘t keep from consuming the same. Drug addiction is a growing

trend among young adults and is a major concern for the society. It is characterized by

………… engagement in desired spur despite its adverse consequences. The addictive stimuli

are characterized by two factors – one is positive reinforcement and second is perceived to be

intrinsically rewarding. A person develops and feels increasing pleasure in …….. drugs. The

initial decision to take drugs is mostly voluntary for most of the people but with repeated use

of drugs one develops the habit and ……… self-control that eventually leads to dependency.

The dependency and over consumption of drugs can lead to …….. brain changes. Long term

use of drugs can also affect the brain functions that include behaviour, learning, stress,

anxiety and memory. Despite being aware of the adverse consequences people addicted to

drugs continue using it as they simply cannot resist them. If one loses control over oneself

and gets ……. in drug addiction one should definitely consult a doctor. Right treatment and

healthy lifestyle can help get rid of drugs.

A.
1. lingering

2. lasting

3. chronic

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. neurotic

2. obsessive

3. access

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. consuming

2. consumption

3. consume

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. deprives

2. denies

3. withdraws

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. permanent

2. lifelong

3. Both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 3
F.

1. trapped

2. both 1 and 3

3. caught

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 11

Unemployment is an issue that plagues almost every country. When the number of jobs …….

by the youth and others in a country exceeds the number of available jobs, it gives rise to

unemployment. Unemployment has harmful effects on the society and the economy of the

country. Unemployed persons are unable to meet their requirements of food, clothing and

shelter. The unemployed would form part of the poorer sections of society. With greater

unemployment there is greater poverty. Without ……… to nutritious food, the poor and

unemployed become vulnerable to develop illnesses and diseases of malnutrition that may

become fatal too. Those who lack a livelihood, and are thus deprived of resources, may also

lack access to hygiene and cleanliness that may make them …….. to ill health. Unemployed

people are also liable to develop psychological conditions requiring medical attention. With

greater unemployment there is an …….. in the number of homeless …….. and street

dwellers. Unemployment is also responsible for increased beggary. When people are unable

to satisfy their needs due to lack of sufficient resources, they have no other way …….

begging. With increased unemployment there is also a high rate of crime such as murder,

rape, robbing, burglary and cheating in society.

A.

1. demanded

2. demand
3. demanding

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. access

2. excess

3.excessive

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. susceptible

2. subject

3. Nor 1 nor 2

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. rise

2. increase

3. grow

Correct Option: 2

E.

1. persons

2. people

3. pupils

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. accept
2. except

3. omit

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 12

Nature refers to the natural resources and natural surroundings. The life species in nature are

interrelated and create …….. in nature. They form a natural food chain through which energy

is passed from one species to the other. The series of ……… in which each organism feeds

on the one below it in the sequence is called the food chain in natural ecosystem. Food chain

includes several plants, organisms, animals and other living species. This natural food chain

is the source of energy for the forest species. The energy is passed from one creature to the

other which helps them grow and survive. For example in forest deer feeds on the grass and

green plants and the tiger feeds on the deer. Plants get their energy form sunlight and

nutrients from soil. Deer is herbivores animal. Herbivores depend on plants for energy and

are vegetarians. On the other hand tiger is a carnivorous animal. Carnivores eat herbivores

and sometimes other …….. for energy. So there is a whole chain that includes plants,

herbivores, carnivores and plants consume energy from sunlight. And there are lots of

animals that eat plants and meat both. These are called omnivorous animals. For instance,

black beer is an omnivorous animal. Some omnivores also eat ….. animals and those are

called scavengers. Thus, the chain goes on. All the species on earth are important for the

survival of entire series of organisms and to balance the natural …...

A.

1.equivalence

2. equality

3. balance
Correct Option: 3

B.

1. organisms

2. organism

3. organs

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. carnivorous

2. carnivores

3. neither 1 nor 2

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. dead

2. rotten

3. either 1 or 2

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. cycle

2. not 1 nor 3

3.circle

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 13

Physical fitness is really very much important in our life. Now-a-days, in the modern life,

most of the people are moving towards more ….. lifestyle which is increasing the risk of
diseases.Reduction in the daily activity level, gives rise to diseases such as bad

cardiovascular fitness and ……. body weight. People, who are involved in the inactive

lifestyle, must know the …… of health and physical fitness so that they can involve

themselves in the daily routine physical exercises in order to remain away from diseases and

be fit. Being active is very necessary for keeping our body functioning at a high level.

Regular physical exercises help in maintaining the performance of lungs, heart and other

major body organs. It burns off excess calories and keeps our weight under control. It also

improves the muscle and bone strength, increases the joint flexibility as well as improves

muscle ….. . Most importantly, daily physical activities decrease the risk of heart diseases,

risk of stroke, diabetes, high blood pressure, colon cancer, etc. Regular exercise increases the

overall happiness in our life which keeps us mentally happy and peaceful too. It …….. the

symptoms of depression, stress, anxiety and other mental disorders. We can get something

good to our life, if we maintain our health and fitness. There are many activities which can

keep us fit and happy for long time such as walking, cycling, swimming, biking, using gym,

community centre, and other various sports ……..

A.

1. deskbound

2. inactive

3. either 1 or 2

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. increase

2. increasing

3. increase

Correct Option: 2
C.

1. benefits

2. drawback

3. profit

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. strength

2. endurance

3. both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. relieve

2. relieves

3. release

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. activities

2. activity

3. Both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 14

The culture of India refers to the distinct …….of various religions‘ and societies in India.

India has always been known for its traditions and amiability. The affection in relations and

the high spirit of celebrations make our nation stand out ……… in the world. The vibrant

culture of India is the fusion of different religions, cultures, food, festivals, dance, music, art
and crafts. Everything from the cultures, traditions, values, beliefs, customs and rituals is

unique in our country. The art of Indian culture blends all sorts of hues. India is one of the

most ……. countries in the world. Freedom to follow different religions is the phenomenon

of congenial permanence of diverse cultures In India. In spite of cultural differences there is a

sort of …….. in the country. India has set an example with brotherhood and cooperation

across the world. The culture of our nation, India is traditional yet contemporary. The

traditional Indian culture has transformed a lot with changing time and survives in modern

era with pride. Thus, India is a blend of …… and modern culture. People have the right to

worship and …… different religions.

A.

1. mixture

2. combination

3. mix

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. distinctively

2. distinct

3. different

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. secular

2. secularism

3.secular

Correct Option: 1

D.
1. unity

2. togetherness

3. Both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. tradition

2. traditional

3. traditions

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. followed

2. follow

3. follows

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 15

Corruption in today‘s scenario is amongst the major ……… in the developing countries. One

of the reasons why countries such as India and China haven‘t been able to come at same level

with the developed nations even after having a pool of ………. minds is that corruption lies

at the core of these countries. The general public in India is forced to indulge …… corrupt

practices at various phases in life. One of these is the time when the parents want to get their

children admitted to a good school. School admission is a major problem especially in the

country‘s capital, Delhi. Good education is the right of every child but is acquiring education

a smooth process for children? The first step itself is extremely difficult. Parents struggle to

get their children admitted to good schools. Schools demand …. donations to give admission
to children. The government is very well aware about the corrupt means adopted by the

schools to extract money. However, it does not take any strict action to stop the same. The

………. is not much different when the students go for university admissions. Children of big

businessmen and celebrities get admission easily because of the power of money while those

who deserve have actually worked hard for the admission and have to suffer. Such …….

practices must be stopped. Our nation can grow and flourish only when the problem of

corruption is eradicated.

A.

1. problem

2. problems

3. causes

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. brilliance

2. brilliant

3. intelligence

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. in

2. into

3. beneath

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. huge
2. great

3. big

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. scenario

2. picture

3. none of these

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. corruption

2. corrupt

3. corrupted

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 16

An increasing growth rate of human population has led to a population …….. in countries

like India. With increasing health care facilities and life expectancy, and an increasing birth

rate and ………. death rate, there has been an increasing growth rate of human population.

Population explosion leads to ….. pressure on the available limited resources. Population

explosion has ………….. the increase in agricultural production, housing facilities and health

care facilities to meet the increased demand. Increase in agricultural output has been

attempted by intensive cultivation, use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,

and developing of genetically modified crops. This has resulted in various adverse effects.

The need for increasing agricultural produce has resulted in the clearing of forests and

utilizing the land thus available for growing crops. Deforestation has caused ……..

imbalance. Increased use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to increase crop output has
also had a deleterious effect on the soil, the food chain and human health. Similarly, habitats

like forests and grasslands have been cleared for creating housing facilities for people. High

rise buildings are also built extensively to meet the high demand for housing. Likewise, the

demand on limited resources like drinking water, fuel for heating in wintertime, and

automobile fuel for transport puts a heavy strain on the resources. A large population also

results in a high rate of unemployment as there may not be enough jobs to meet the high

demand. A large population thus ……… a country‘s social, economic and environmental

health.

A.

1. explosion

2. breakout

3. excessive

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. decline

2. declining

3. reduction

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. greater

2. increase

3. excess

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. necessitated
2. demanded

3. both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. environmental

2.ecological

3. Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. affects

2. effects

3. Either 1 or 2

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 17

The television is a technological invention. It has revolutionized the means of

communication, and the ………. of dissemination of information. It allows moving images

and sound to be watched simultaneously. One can watch programmes on television from

around the world sitting in the comfort of one‘s home. Television programs broadcast news

and …….. from around the world. National and international news can be watched on

television. The views and opinions of experts on various issues can also be watched.

Journalists ……. for various news channels from the scene of action. Besides news there are

programmes of different genres that telecast on television. Entertainment programmes like

films and plays also music and dance performances are shown on television. There are also

channels that are dedicated to the various sports events from around the world. Large-scale

sports events such as the Olympics and the Commonwealth Games are telecast on television.
Likewise, national and international cricket matches are also shown on television. The

television is useful as it enables us to stay …… with the latest developments around the

world. But the television is also referred to as the idiot box, and watching it …… makes one

lazy and inactive. It is useful to watch the television to keep oneself abreast with the news

from around the world. Excessive watching of the television should, however, be ……… .

A.

1. methods

2. ways

3. procedure

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. happen

2. happening

3. happenings

Correct Option: 3

C.

1. reporting

2. report

3. reports

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. abreast

2. unaware

3. rest

Correct Option:1
E.

1. excessive

2. excessively

3. excess

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. avoided

2. neglected

3. abandoned

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 18

Floods are caused in water bodies as well as on land. When rains are very heavy or last for

many days water bodies may receive more water than they can hold or more than their ……..

. Water then floods the water bodies, and also ……… its banks. The flooding of the water

body then causes the land that lies beyond the water body, which is otherwise dry, to get

flooded. Floods are, of course, a natural phenomenon. But ………. factors are also

responsible for the incidences such as floods. For example, when trees are felled, and forests

are cleared indiscriminately there is ecological damage. As trees help in holding the soil,

when they are cut off the top soil becomes loose and gets easily ……. away when there are

rains. This leads to silting of water bodies like lakes and rivers, and subsequently to flooding.

The towns and cities in the ……….. of the water bodies, also experience floods then. Floods

are also an outcome of poor drainage systems in modern urban areas where there is a high

density of human population. The cities‘ drains get clogged by the huge amounts of domestic

garbage that also includes plastic waste. As plastic is non-biodegradable it remains without

getting decomposed. When there are ………… and continuous rains for some days the drains
get totally choked leading to floods in the cities. Floods cause loss to life and property.

Villages, towns and cities in coastal regions and near the banks of rivers are more vulnerable

to floods.

A.

1. capacity

2. strength

3. withstand

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. overflow

2. overflows

3. overflowing

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. man - made

2. human – made

3. None of the above

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. swept

2. wash

3. washed

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. vicinity
2. enclosure

3. domain

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. less

2. torrential

3. copious

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 19

Education sector is …….. those sectors that have benefitted immensely from the advent of

computers and internet. Unlike the earlier times when the students had to take out time to

visit the library and …….. through rows of books for hours and then collate the necessary

information to prepare their notes, these days everything is just a click away. The time wasted

in going to the library and searching and ……… important information can now be used in

studying and learning the same. Distance learning has also been made easy with the help of

computers. Students can now attend coaching and pursue courses via video lectures and

online coaching. Computer and internet has also made it easier for the students to find out

about the future …….. of various professions and choose ……… career path accordingly.

Not just students, computers have also made things easier for the teachers. They also get all

the information about all they require right on their computer screen. Knowledge sharing and

……… has also become much easier.

A.

1. among

2. amongst

3. None
Correct Option: 2

B.

1. surf

2.surfing

3. surfed

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. collating

2. disperse

3. mix-up

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. prospecting

2. prospect

3. prospects

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. there

2. their

3. Both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. innovation

2. innovative

3. inventive
Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 20

Education must seek to establish and promote peace, security and justice, dignity and well-

being of all. If education does not ensure these cherished goals, it is of no use. Education

must help in the social and economic development and progress of the people. Similarly, the

political rights of the people should be ensured through education. The safeguard of our

culture, heritage and natural wealth also …………. on education. Peace and harmony in

society too is dependent on education as it can help to generate …… scale awareness and

respect of the great diversity that life on Earth is characterized by. Education is imparted

formally in educational institutions. There should be no ………. and biases in the education

system so that students from all social, cultural and economic backgrounds may have ……….

to and benefit from education. If education is denied to the socially and economically

backward, the development and growth of the nation will not be inclusive, but will remain

……… . Education helps in the all-round development of an individual. It helps in the mental

and intellectual growth of a person. When education is accessible to all, society as a whole

benefits greatly. The reach of education is an important indicator of a nation‘s growth.

Teachers …….. the backbone of the education system. Without teachers education cannot

reach the children and the youth. The nation owes it to the teachers for the spread and

advancement of education and knowledge. Teachers must therefore be respected and receive

due appreciation.

A.

1. articulation

2. articulate

3. articulated

Correct Option: 3
B.

1. huge

2. large

3. big

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. prejudice

2. prejudices

3. None

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. access

2. excess

3. axis

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. skew

2. skewing

3. skewed

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. form

2. forms

3. formed

Correct Option: 2
Paragraph 21

Poverty is lack of finance, status and other material possession. It is the …… of overall

wellbeing of a person and includes several dimensions. It refers to the deprived economic and

social conditions. It indicates low income and inability to …… the basic necessities such as

food, shelter, clothing, education and healthcare. The cycle of poverty refers to the

phenomenon where poverty continues for at least three generations i.e. the family has no

living intimates who own and can transfer the social, cultural and intellectual capital

important to change the economic condition. There are limited or no ……… for such

families. There are many drawbacks that impact the circular …….. which makes it very

difficult for the individual to break the cycle of poverty. Due to poor economic and social

conditions and lack of education and connection it becomes impossible to get out of poverty.

The main causes of cycle of poverty could be …… of resources such as land, finance,

education, knowledge and technical assistance, natural disasters, low productivity and

income, unemployment, healthiness and business failure. It is something that passes to next

generation and becomes a ………… . Thus, it is a cycle that is hard to break.

A.

1. deprivation

2. offer

3. bestowal

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. enquire

2. acquire

3. query

Correct Option: 2
C.

1. resources

2. resource

3. debts

Correct Option: 1

D.

1.coarse

2. coerce

3. course

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. lack

2. less

3. small

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. circle

2. trap

3. None

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 22

Girls‘ education and gender equality are the part of broader and holistic efforts made by the

World Bank Group. It promotes girls‘ education and …….. that girls do not suffer

unreasonably in poor and …….. family due to lack of support and care. It also works towards

advancing the skills and creating job opportunities for young girls and women. Girls have
equal …….. to education; though education system may vary in curriculum, administration

and personnel, but it has a strong influence on the students they serve. Gradually, women are

……… their independence, using their rights for creating education and job opportunities for

themselves. Gender inequality is clearly one of the important roadblocks in girls‘ education.

Many communities in India still believe that boys are the only …….. of their culture and

tradition; and girls are born to serve within the four walls of a home. Hence, it is important

that holistic approach is adopted in order to encourage gender equality in each and every

sphere whether it‘s home, office or any other government institution, etc. The open and

honest discussion on girls‘ education and women empowerment can actually prove to be a

solution to violence against females. Education will not only make them independent, but

will also …….. their sound mental development and give them a stronger personality.

A.

1. insures

2. ensures

3. ensure

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. bad

2. worse

3. vulnerable

Correct Option: 3

C.

1. rights

2. rite

3. right
Correct Option: 1

D.

1. assertion

2. assert

3. asserting

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. contenders

2. contender

3. contractor

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. promote

2. increase

3. enhance

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 23

We do many different activities each day, and we need to do them on time. We have a fixed

time to go to school each morning. We need to take the bus or go by bike or by foot and reach

the school on time. If we are not punctual we lose out on completing all the activities we need

to.

If we manage our time …….. we can accomplish all the activities and tasks we wish to. This

requires drawing up a ……… time table. If we can stick to the time table we can then

succeed in achieving our goals whether they are in the short term or long term. It is important

that we draw up a time table that we can adopt practically. If it is impracticable we get
disappointed and …….. and discard it completely. Therefore, a time table must be one that

we can go by. We also need to …….. our activities. If we give attention to the most important

tasks we can achieve our long term goals easily. On the other hand, if we spend time on ……

tasks or on useless activities we reduce the productive time available for the important

activities. We also need to …… out the time of the day when we are most productive and

complete important tasks at that time. For instance, the mind is the most refreshed after a

good night‘s sleep, and that is when we can devote our time to doing our studies.

A.

1. effectively

2. efficiently

3. affectively

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. practical

2. practice

3. practicable

Correct Option: 3

C.

1. dejected

2. dejection

3. dejecting

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. fix

2. priority
3. prioritize

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. unimportant

2. less important

3. important

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. find

2. figure

3. found

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 24

Moral values are ……. in children by the parents at home and the teachers at school.

Childhood is when the morals take strong root and help the child ….. grow into a responsible

and righteous person. Life has its ups and downs, but a morally strong person stays righteous,

without giving in to pressures or temptations of any kind. Moral values help us make sound

decisions in life so that we stay on the path of …….. . Honesty and truthfulness are the two

important pillars of moral values. Being honest and truthful requires courage and …….. .

When all individuals in a society are honest and truthful, the society at large is a transparent

one free from corruption and …….. . Honest individuals are law abiding citizens and this

ensures that the society progresses in the correct direction. Being just is another important

moral we should live by. When we are just we are being honest, truthful and fair. Stealing

others‘ ……….. is also a sign of dishonesty and injustice. Showing respect to others is also a
moral value. It is also important to do our duties in the best possible way towards our family,

society, nation and the world of which we are a part.

A.

1. installed

2. instilled

3. inserted

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. to

2. towards

3. into

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. virtue

2. disbelief

3. vies

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. None

2. boldness

3. baldness

Correct Option: 2

E.

1. decent

2. deceits
3. deceit

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. possession

2. possessions

3. poses

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 25

One must keep one‘ goals in sight and work toward reaching it. Discipline helps one reach

one‘s goal. Discipline can be ……. by working in a systematic manner. For this one must

keep one‘s space of work neat and …….. . This gives clarity to one‘s mind too. It is best to

do one thing at a time. This helps in the efficient completion of the task at hand. Doing many

…….. together creates unnecessary confusion, and one cannot derive the best from doing

many activities at the same time. It is good to draw up a practicable time-table according to

the goal one wants to achieve. Drawing up a schedule for each day for oneself makes it easy

to be disciplined. One must stick to the time-table one draws for oneself otherwise the

purpose is defeated. When one is …….. one cannot be disciplined. The attainment of one‘s

goals also becomes difficult. Discipline requires that one follow the rules according to the

activity one is ………. in. If one is driving on the road, for instance, traffic rules need to be

obeyed. Similarly, at school, one needs to ………. the rules that are laid down for students by

the school.

A.

1. started

2. made

3. developed
Correct Option: 3

B.

1. hindered

2. uncluttered

3. concealed

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. activity

2. activities

3. actively

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. apathetic

2. vivacious

3. diligent

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. inoperable

2. disengaged

3. hooked

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. follow

2. following

3. follows
Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 26

Poetry is the language of the imagination and the ……….. . It relates to whatever gives

immediate pleasure or pain to the human mind. It comes home to the ……… and businesses

of men; for nothing but what comes home to them in the most general and ………… shape

can be a subject for poetry. Poetry is the universal language which the heart holds with nature

and itself. He who has a ……… for poetry cannot have much respect for himself, or for

anything else. Wherever there is a sense of beauty, or power, or harmony, as in the motion of

a wave of the sea, in the growth of a flower, there is poetry in its …….. . Here again, the first

sentence is the topical sentence. The sentences that follow enforce or restate the statement

that ―poetry is the language of the imagination and the passions", and the concluding sentence

reinforces it by showing that poetry exists wherever men feel a sense of beauty, power or

harmony. In all these paragraphs, the principles of Unity and Order are observed, and also the

general rules about the place of the topical sentences and the …….. off the whole with a good

conclusion.

A.

1. passion

2. passions

3. possession

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. Bosoms

2. blossoms

3. blossom

Correct Option: 1
C.

1. intelligence

2. intelligible

3. intelligent

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. esteem

2. approbation

3. contempt

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. birth

2. presence

3. creation

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. finding

2. rounding

3. buzzing

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 27

The heavy flow of foreign talent is changing the face of American science. From 1980 to

1990 the proportion of foreign ……… students has grown from one in four to one in five of

the total pool. Natural …….. are whether they crowd the workplace and whether they

disproportionally contribute to U.S. science. A recent study by Sharon Levin and Paula
Stephen answers the second question in the……….. . They found that "foreign talent

contributes significantly about what could be expected from their numbers." This was true in

all the sample areas: members of the National Academies; first author of highly cited papers,

of "hot" papers and of highly cited ……… ; and founders of biotechnology companies. Not

only has the U.S. benefited from the ……….. of foreign talent but also this talent is more

likely to have been educated abroad than would be expected from the incidence of foreign-

educated scientists and engineers in the populations. "Clearly the U.S. has benefited from the

educational investment made by other countries." Still to be studied is whether native-born

talent is ………. by this inflow, and, if so, whether the benefits outweigh the costs.

A.

1. doctrinal

2. doctored

3. doctoral

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. concerns

2. findings

3. finding

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. dissenting

2. affirmative

3. negative

Correct Option: 2

D.
1. patents

2. patent

3. patterns

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. influx

2. retreat

3. departure

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. disadvantage

2. disadvantaged

3. disadvantages

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 28

It is viewed with concern that the youth in India are busy ……….. the spirit of the West. The

craze for sparkle and the glitter of the materialistic ………. of the West makes them

imitators, often unsuccessful imitators of a ……… alien to them. In the process they are

weaned away from their own culture. They remain rootless. Ultimately they find themselves

in a no man's land. The Indian youth have none but themselves to …….. for this. It is high

time the Indian youth gave up running after the West and lived their …….. culture. This is an

attempt at waking up the present generation to their own …….. inheritance. Indian has all

through valued her religious beliefs, held on to her spirituality. The Indian philosophies, the

Indian religion, all preach and teach renunciation. The soul is superior to the body. Spiritual
life is the real life. Materialism and worldly life are a delusion. Life for the Indian is a quest

for God, for the Infinite, beyond the limitations of time and space. The Indians value

transcendentalism, the going beyond the seen to the unseen, beyond the physical to the

spiritual, beyond the apparent to the real. The genuine Indian mind is not …….. by

materialism and commercialism. It searches deeper into the Spirit.

A.

1. fast

2. abstain

3. imbibing

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. civilization

2. civilisation

3. civilize

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. acquittal

2. blame

3. exculpation

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. endemic

2. alien

3. foreign

Correct Option: 1
E.

1. both 2 and 3

2. hoary

3. venerable

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. affecting

2. affective

3. affected

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 29

Human belief in the existence of unknown and unseen power or force is religion.

Etymologically religion is a belief in super …… power. It consists of a series of performance

and ……… which binds as well as links human beings with super natural power. The concept

of religion is complex one. Some of its elements are :- (I) Belief is supernatural power (2)

Belief in the holy or sacred; (3) Systems of rituals; (4) Sinful acts; (5) Mode of worship; (6)

Liturgy and ideology and (7) Place of worship. Religion plays a significant role both for

individual and Society. It has both positive and negative functions. As far as positive

functions are concerned religion provides mental peace to the individuals, it ………social

virtues, it promotes social solidarity, it humanized the animal in man, it is an agent of

socialization, its promotes welfare, it gives recreation, it influences economy, it influences the

political system and ………. self-confidences. Along with the positive functions the negative

functions or dysfunctions of religion are: It ……. social progress and impedes social changes,

it promotes evil practices, it is a source of exploitation, it encourages …………, it makes

fakirs, sages, beggars etc.

A.

1. natural

2. nature

3. none

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. practicing

2. practice

3. practices

Correct Option: 3

C.

1. inculcate

2. inculcates

3. inculcating

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. strengthens

2. strengths

3. strengthens

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. facilitates

2. cripples
3. assists

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. community

2. communalisms

3. communalism

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 30

Indian society is of average middle class people. They are worst sufferers of day to day

……… prices. Upper class people and big …….. never bother and suffer due to rising prices

as their income also increases. But the income of the middle class ……… is fixed. If the

income increases it is not ……….. to the rising prices. The result is that they are the victims

of rising prices. But the poor fellow can do nothing. After crying for some days he tries to

adjust his budget accordingly. Even the government is unable to stop rising ……… . It is also

compelled to increase the rates of commodities under their control to reduce subsidy. Though

the standard of living is also rising high in metros. To increase the demand of the new

products electronic and print media is playing a major role. The purchasing power of money

has ……. . But there is no hope of checking the price rise.

A.

1. soaring

2. sour

3. soar

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. industrialist
2. industrialists

3. None

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. persons

2. pupils

3. peoples

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. proportionate

2. proportional

3. proportion

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. pricing

2. price

3. prices

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. decline

2. declined

3. declines

Correct Option: 2
Paragraph 31

The need for the reform was felt by the Muslims only in the early 19thcentury AD. The

reformists felt that Islam in India had ……… . They took upon themselves the task of

purifying and ……… Islam. Shariatullah, the leader of the Faraizi Movement, ……..the

influence of the caste system among the Muslims. Modern education spread first among the

Hindus and then among the Muslims. In the early part of the century, only a few Muslims of

Delhi and Calcutta had taken to English education. The …….. of the British towards the

Muslims increased greatly after the Revolt of 1857, since the Muslims had actively taken part

in it. Now, the Muslims felt the need for a cooperative attitude towards the British to improve

the community‘s social condition. Movements were started to fight the purdah system and

………… . The Mohammedan Literary Society was started by Nawab Abdul Latif in AD

1863. It worked for the spread of education in Bengal, especially among the Muslims. It also

worked for Hindu-Muslim …………..

A.

1. degenerated

2. uncorrupted

3. None

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. invigorating

2. enervating

3. slumping

Correct option: 1

C.

1. acquitted
2. approved

3. condemned

Correct Option: 3

D.

1. glee

2. acrimony

3. friendliness

Correct Option: 2

E.

1. diocesan

2. monogamous

3. polygamy

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. discord

2. unanimity

3. antagonism

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 32

While much public attention is given to identifying and measuring the ………… of

chemicals, the amount of exposure is equally important. Even very toxic substances can do

no harm if we are not exposed to them in sufficient amounts. The first step in exposure

assessment is to determine possible pathways by which toxic chemicals may reach humans.

The three most important pathways are inhalation (air transport), eating (food transport), and

drinking (water transport). Pathways can involve many steps, and many substances have a
number of different, often complex pathways. In the case of exposure by food, a …….

property is the tendency toward bio concentration. Bio concentration (sometimes called

bioaccumulation or bio magnification) is the tendency of a substance to ……… in living

tissue; it involves two steps. First, an organism takes in substance, but does not ….. or

metabolize it. Then, a predator eats that organism and in the process ingests the substance

already accumulated by its prey. This second step is common in fishes, shellfishes, carnivores

such as eagles and cats, and other organisms that prey on smaller organisms so that the

chemical is ……. by passage through the food pyramid. Mollusks, such as scallops, are

exceptionally ……… to bio concentration because they feed by filtering millions of tiny

plankton from the water.

A.

1. wholesomeness

2. intuitiveness

3. moraines

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. trivial

2. decisive

3. minor

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. hoard

2. scatter

3. forfeit
Correct Option: 1

D.

1. sanction

2. defecate

3. permit

Correct Option: 2

E.

1. diluted

2. diffused

3. stuffed

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. improbably

2. prone

3. upright

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 33

Just as physical education has been variously labelled and has faced seeming identity cries, it

also has been described in a ………. of ways. What does physical education mean? Is it

……….. with exercise, play, games, leisure, recreation, sports, or athletics?Before defining

physical education, each of these terms needs to be understood. Exercise, in the physical

…………., means using or exerting the body. Play refers to the resultant action, or what the

participants do during physical ……… .Games range from amusements or diversions to

competitions with significant outcomes governed by rules. Freedom from work or duties

describes leisure, which may or may not be used for physical activity.Similarly, recreation
refreshes or renews one's strength and spirits after ………, again with or without activity,

Sport ………… all those diversions and physical activities that one does for pleasure or

success. Athletics are organized, competitive activities in which trained individuals

participate. Skill levels vary in each.

A.

1. prelature

2. multitude

3. handful

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. dissimilar

2. compatible

3. synonymous

Correct Option: 3

C.

1. dimension

2. crookedness

3. angularity

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. inaction

2. exertion

3. inactivity

Correct Option: 2

E
1. laziness

2. fun

3. toil

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. exclude

2. encompasses

3. free

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 34

The future prospects of the subcontinent depends to a great extent on peace and stability

within the region, but one of the ………… factors hindering such peace is the ethnic conflicts

which is …………. peace within South Asian nations of India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal,

Bangladesh.These ethnic conflicts can be equated with identity conflicts where the definition

or construction of threats, enemies and friends plays a pivotal role.India is long ………… by

ethnic conflicts in its North-Eastern states originating mainly from identity crisis. Peace in the

region would boost India‘s ‗Look-East Policy‘.Pakistan is also affected by conflicts among

the groups like Mohazir; Biloch& Sindhi. The nation is already ……… by being hotbed of

terrorism, military coups. So, Pakistan needs to solve these conflicts not only to establish

peace in the country but also in the region. Peace would help the region to prosper and to a

certain extent minimise major power interests in the region.Sri Lanka is being ravaged by

ethnic conflicts between Tamils & Sinhalese. However, the Island nation is slowly returning

to normalcy. Nepal, after the demise of monarchy, is still not able to frame a Constitution and

is unable to accommodate the Maoists within the constitutional frameworks because of

………. differences. Bangladesh is passing through political instability over the years which
is contributed by as well as contributing to the already existing conflicts within the country.

These conflicts need to be gradually done away with in order to ……… in peace and stability

in the subcontinent.

A.

1. inconspicuous

2. obscure

3. prominent

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. rattle

2. appease

3. sooth

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. effected

2. affected

3. None

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. mended

2. ravaged

3. liberated

Correct Option: 2

E.

1. persisting
2. halting

3. ceasing

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. deficit

2. negate

3. usher

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 35

Proteins are the polymers of amino acids which constitute the …….. structural unit of

protoplasmic organelles, enzymes, and other macromolecules of biological importance. It

serves as the energy source and source of nitrogen for body of organisms. Proteins in plants

are synthesized within the body cells through a genetically controlled machinery by the

…………. of nuclear DNA and Ribosomes. DNA produces messenger RNA by transcription.

The sequence of m-RNA translates specific sequence of Amino Acids to produce a

polypeptide chain which later …… post synthetic processing transformed into primary,

secondary and tertiary proteins essential for maintenance of life in a cell. DNA acts as the

central …….. of protein synthesis and which especially controlled by genes present on DNA.

In a protein amino acids link together by polypeptide bond in which the carboxyl group of

one amino group of the other and so on. Ribosomal enzymes help in ………. of peptide bond

and acts as the site for protein synthesis. The sequence of twenty different amino acids on a

peptide chain is ………. by the sequence of triplet bases on the m-RNA.

A.

1. prominent

2. trivial
3. envoy

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. vice

2. disbelief

3. virtue

Correct Option: 3

C.

1. oppose

2. undergo

3. veto

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. dogma

2. ambiguity

3. uncertainty

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. proletariat

2. formulation

3. elaboration

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. irresolute

2. changeable
3. stead fasted

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 36

In most natural disasters, particularly in rural areas the number of animal deaths are very

high, especially in residential areas, due to the fact that most ……. animals are kept tied up,

and in the event of a disaster while the people …… urgently, the animals left tied up have no

chance of voluntary escape. As a result, they often perish. Disposal of dead animals is as

important as that of humans because decaying dead bodies can be a …… health and

environment threat. Still, this aspect is usually ……… lower priority, more so in case of stray

animals. The rescuers are not willing to handle animal carcasses. Yet, this must be done

expeditiously by local volunteers till the authorities take charge and get the carcasses

disposed. Disposal is best done by ……, at some place outside the inhabited areas. At such

times, nobody should be allowed to hold on to the dead bodies for extraction of hides or

bones or any other recoverable material, because the health threat is very high, and quickest

disposal of the dead bodies is desirable. While burying the carcass, quick lime should be

added as it will hasten the process and control the spread of any possible infection.

A.

1. tamed

2. wild

3. housebroken

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. dawdle

2. flee

3. stay
Correct Option: 2

C.

1. unpromising

2. lurking

3. probable

Correct Option: 3

D.

1. dissent

2. disallowed

3. accorded

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. inefficiently

2. expeditiously

3. fleet

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. dumping

2. bury

3. burial

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 37

The increasing number of incidences of International Terrorism, couldn't awaken the US and

the world from the …….. of overconfidence of their intelligence, and their preaching to sooth

the wounds of the suffering nations was a routine political mechanism for them. The terrorist
struck on the US ' heart and soul on Sept. 11, 2001 made every one aware to the grave

menace of international terrorism and ……… the nations all over the world to initiate urgent

measures to fight the devil. The terrorist attack on Indian Parliament on Dec 13,2001 made

every leader vulnerable to any such attack and the urgency of taking measures against growth

terrorism became more serious. On Sept. 21, 2002 the United Nations Security Council

passed a resolution seeking all nations to enact laws to …… terrorism. The U.K. had already

passed Anti -Terrorism Act 2002 and India After independence several such laws were

passed by the Union and State legislatures as per the requirements or whims of the ruling

party, for varying purposes like Prevention of Detention Act 1950, Maintenance of Internal

Security Act 1980. Terrorist and Disruptive Act 1985. POTO the ordinance was promulgated

to a create a feeling of fear of gross penalties in the minds of terrorists and their …….., after

an attack was made on Indian Parliament, later on became an Act in 2002, popularly called

Prevention of Terrorism Act POTA.

A.

1. consciousness

2. slumber

3. awaken

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. necessitate

2. dissuade

3. impede

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. rim
2. ledge

3. centre

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. hate

2. certainly

3. whims

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. promulgated

2. repressed

3. suppressed

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. antagonist

2. accomplices,

3. adversary

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 38

Public speaking is an art; and, like every other art, it has to be learnt, both in practice and

theory. For a man to say that he will never …….. a speech until he has learnt to speak is like

saying that he will never go into the water until he has learnt to swim. One cannot learn to

swim with-out going into the water, and one can never learn to speak in public without

speaking in public. In both cases, one has to learn by practice; and no amount of theory

without practice will be of any ……… . A speech should always be carefully prepared
before-hand. Preparation includes collection, selection and arrangement. First, collect

materials for the speech—ideas, arguments, facts, illustrations bearing on the subject. Jot

these down as they come to mind. Then select the most appropriate ……….. the rest. Lastly,

arrange the selected thoughts in an orderly and logical plan. Without all this, the speech will

be badly arranged, …….., dis proportioned and full of repetitions. In public speaking the

management of the voice is very important. Some speakers speak too low and cannot be

heard well in a large hall. Some shout, and their voices are …….. by the echoes. Some talk so

fast that they cannot be followed; and some speak so slowly as to tire their hearers' patience.

The speaker should speak clearly, for all to hear; he should vary the ……. of his voice to

avoid monotony and to enforce his meaning; and he should know when to make effective

pauses. A speaker should watch his audience and speak to it directly, so as to "get across" to

his hearers what he wants to say as persuasively and convincingly as possible.

A.

1. bear

2. refrain

3. retain

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. inappropriateness

2. avail

3. None

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. scrap

2. discredit
3. sanction

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. prolix

2. coherent

3. rambling

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. sunk

2. drowned

3. Both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. None

2. unimportant

3. intonation

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 39

Though the British intensified their policy of repressing the Extremists, they simultaneously

also tried to ……. the Moderates through certain reforms. In AD 1909, they announced the

Indian Councils Act, popularly known as the Morley-Minto Reforms. The reforms were

named after Lord Morley, the Secretary of State for India and Lord Minto, the Indian

Viceroy. Firstly, The membership of the Central Legislative Council and the Provincial

Legislative Councils was….. . However, less than half of the members were elected

members. Also, the elected members were not to be elected by the people but by the
influential sections of the society such as landlords, zamindars and businessmen. Secondly,

The system of separate ……… was introduced. The Muslims were grouped into separate

constituencies form where only Muslim candidates could contest elections. This ………was

made to cut-off the Muslims from the national movement by treating them as separate from

the rest of the nation and to prevent Hindu-Muslim unity, something which the Congress had

been trying to nurture. No significant improvement was introduced by these reforms. The

British refused the Indian demand for ‗swaraj‘. The Congress opposed the creation of

separate electorates for the Muslims. This system of separate electorates for the Muslims

sowed the seeds of the policy of communalism.

A.

1. intensify

2. pacify

3. provoke

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. inflated

2. contracted

3. shrunken

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. Both 2 and 3

2. constituency

3. electorates

Correct Option: 2

D.
1. removal

2. taking

3. provision

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. sowed

2. scattered

3. strewed

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 40

India's capital, Delhi, is the most …….. city in the country. A recent survey conducted by

consulting firm Ernst & Young. The study compared 48 cities on 57 parameters including

infrastructure, business, environment, standard of living and urban …….. . Better

infrastructure, higher per capita income and the Metro have had helped Delhi top the

financial capital, Mumbai, as the place to be in India. Predictably, the capital's citizen are

…… about being on top of the heap. But hang on. It is important to place the ranking in

perspective. Predictably, the capital's citizen are gung-ho about being on top of the heap. But

hang on. It is important to place the ranking in perspective. A survey conducted by Mercer

Human resource Consulting which included 215 cities - ranked Delhi a lowly 148, Mumbai

151 and the IT hub Bangalore, at 153. None of our metros can claim to offer a minimum

decent standard of living. Specific services such as health care, transport, housing and

…………. are in a holy mess. Cities due to inept planning do not have the infrastructure and

resources to accommodate the …….. migrant influx. Radical changes have to be wheeled in

quickly in order to avoid a series of impending disasters. Urban ……. is bound to increase as

India's economy expands. One way of easing the pressure on the metros is to focus on
developing infrastructure and public services in tier- 2 cities, making them an attractive

destination.

A.

1. homey

2. fit

3. satisfactory

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. impotence

2. yielding

3. governance.

Correct Option: 3

C.

1. calm

2. gung-ho

3. aloof

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. drudgery

2. vocation

3. recreation

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. surge

2. decline
3. surf

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. idleness

2. trek

3. exodus

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 41

The word democracy is ……. from a conjunction of two Greek words ―demos‖ meaning

people and ―kasha‖ which means rule. Thus democracy is when people choose to rule

themselves or in the words of Abraham Lincoln, ―government by the people, of the people,

for the people‖. Obviously everyone in the country cannot possible take part in the

government so the people elect those by whom they want to be governed. What is criticism?

Any opinion against the …….. scheme is criticism. Criticism can be of two types –

constructive and destructive. The purpose of ……… criticism is to improve the present for

the good of all. This is a positive approach. Destructive criticism is usually criticism for the

sake of criticism. It is a negative approach which is disconcerting at the individual level and

destructive in general. Constructive criticism is a must for all democracies. It encourages

…… participation in the government, which is the hallmark of any democracy. Moreover, it

………. the politicians to accept responsibility for their actions and gauge the public

response. It is a system of feedback by which the public pulse can be felt. When these forms

are alive and active we may say democracy …….. .

A.

1. taken

2. derived
3. found

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. existent

2. living

3. existents

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. effective

2. constructive

3. Both 1 and 2

Correct Option: 3

D.

1. peoples

2. local

3. public

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. compels

2. dissuade

3. oblige

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. cease

2. wither
3. thrives

Correct Option: 3

Paragraph 42

The phrase 'Time is money' is very commonly used now a days and is very true when seen in

the present scenarios and the current state of the society and the market as a general example.

The economic shifts in terms of up's and down's are seen very …….. every day. The

economic shift and the stock market value increase and decrease are now seen to be seen

basically dependent on the functionalities and the various working ……. of the people

associated with the company. Where every employee contributes a huge sum towards the

development of the company and this helps in the understanding of the fact that every single

moment the employee works in the company contributes if not a large sum but at least a little

sum for the development of the company and thus contributing a sum and thus can be said

that every moment contributes a sum and thus the term -time is money. Apart from this

example various other more commonly …….. examples too can be given where it can be said

that every single moment of hard work if not presently but definitely pays in the long run and

thus every moment is …….. and thus the term money is a measure of time or a penny saved

is a penny earned is very …… with the father of all these terms that is 'time is money'.

A.

1. mildly

2. trivially

3. drastically

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. lack

2. prowess
3. cowardice

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. affiliated

2. detached

3. avoided

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. impaired

2. adored

3. precious

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. inapt

2. apropos

3. stupid

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 43

Perhaps, the most fundamental question which divides sociologists is the ….. sociology as a

science. The founding fathers of sociology took it for granted that sociology a science.

Comte, the father of sociology, called sociology as the "queen of sciences". Since then many

sociologists has come to view sociology in terms of natural sciences. But however there have

been differences of opinion regarding the scientific nature of sociology. There is lot of ……

about the nature of sociology as a science. There are two schools thought or group regarding

the nature of sociology as a science; some …….. claim that sociology is a science in its own
rights. It is as much a science like other social sciences such History, Economics, Political

science etc. Others deny its scientific status. Before forming an opinion on this subject, let us

enquiry into what constitutes "Science". A science is ―a branch of knowledge or study

dealing with a body of facts truths systematically arranged and showing the operation of

general laws. It ……. facts and links them together in their causal sequence with a view to

draw valid inferences. Scientific knowledge is based on reason and ……… . According to

William Estlinger, what distinguishes a science is that ―it is exclusive and methodically based

on reason". Experimentation and prediction are not its requirement it only signifies the

instance of systematic methods of enquiry. According to Huxley a science is a systematic

body of knowledge based on reason and evidences.

A.

1. lowliness

2. status

3. tag

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. concurrence

2. controversy

3. forbearance

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. amateur

2. complementary

3. reviewer

Correct Option: 3
D

1. brings

2. distributes

3. collects

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. concealment

2. evidences

3. disproof

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. enquiry

2. inquiry

3. None

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 44

In order to prevent the spread of microbial diseases, we must take steps to check the growth

of disease-causing micro-organisms and to prevent the microbial carriers like houseflies,

mosquitoes and cockroaches from …….. For this, we must follow some guidelines. Eating a

balanced diet: A balanced diet increases the ……. of our body against diseases. Proper

storage of food and water: We must store food and water in closed containers to protect them

from micro-organisms and insects. Maintaining personal ………. : We must keep ourselves

clean to prevent micro-organisms from entering our body. Vaccination: Diseases like T.B.

(tuberculosis), measles, polio, chicken pox, typhoid, whooping cough and tetanus can be

prevented by vaccinating children against them. Maintaining clean environment: Keeping our
home and neighbourhood clean prevents the growth of both micro-organisms and their

carriers. Proper disposal of wastes: Proper disposal of human …….. and domestic waste

prevents the contamination of water which would otherwise cause many ………. diseases

like cholera, jaundice, diarrhoea, etc.

A.

1. breeding

2. flying

3. raising

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. compliance

2. resistance

3. assistance

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. foulness

2. hygiene

3. solitariness

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. waste

2. excreta

3. excretion

Correct Option: 2

E.
1. water-borne

2. water-born

3. water-bourn

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 45

In less than a century, the British occupied a large part of India. The reason for the success of

the British can be explained by a number of factors. The Indian states lacked unity. Powerful

states such as Punjab, Mysore and the Marathas ……… to act unitedly against a common

foreign …….. . All of them fell prey to the British policy of ‗Divide and Rule‘. The British,

on the other hand, were a united lot and under a unified command. The Indian rulers failed to

create a stable social, political and economic order. Most of them were short-sighted in the

…….. of their goals. They failed to win the loyalty of their subjects. The badly-trained and

poorly-paid Indian armies were no match for the …….. and well-trained British forces. The

Indians were technologically backward whereas, the British had developed new techniques of

………. . The British were strong at sea. None of the Indian states had a strong navy. By the

middle of the nineteenth century AD, the British had firmly established their position in

India. A large part of the country was under direct British rule. The areas that remained

independent were indirectly under British influence. India was subjugated politically as well

as economically. The economic exploitation of India was a result of its political subjugation.

A.

1. ascended

2. failed

3. lost

Correct Option: 2

B.
1. army

2. enemy

3. associate

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. trail

2. retreat

3. pursuit

Correct Option: 3

D.

1. disciplined

2. imprecise

3. unmethodical

Correct Option: 1

E.

1. ceasefire

2. truce

3. warfare

Correct Option: 3

F.

1. thrall

2. subjugation

3. retreat

Correct Option: 2
Paragraph 46

As opposed to the idea of 'counter' salesmanship, ……. salesmanship is outdoor

salesmanship. It is the kind of salesmanship under which the salesman moves from his head

branch office to the customers of a particular area which is generally called as sales

………… which is assigned to him. Traveling salesmanship is basically a creative

salesmanship than competitive as he is to hunt the customers meet them, sell his ideas and

clinch an order. His work is …… type as he cuts new ice and he educates the customers and

converts prospects into customers. He ……… the seeds to harvest the rich profits in due

course of time. The life of a traveling salesman is not easy and cosy; instead it is really hard

as he has to be always away from his family and his associates. He is always on the move

staying at different places in the entire sales territory where he faces the basic problems of

food and drinking water that has impact on his health both physical and mental. Because of

this arduous work, his remuneration is so much higher for the sacrifices he makes for the

company he works. This job is challenging, thrilling and rewarding. This type of

salesmanship is more suitable to those who are interested in meeting new people, new places,

learning new languages, and generating the committed class of customers by ……. of hard

work and taint of impressive presentation and palatable persuasion.

A.

1. moving

2. walking

3. travelling

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. office

2. territory
3. branch

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. terminating

2. ceasing

3. pioneering

Correct Option: 3

D.

1. antagonists

2. rivals

3. associates

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. dig

2. sows

3. raze

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. dint

2. idleness

3. lethargy

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 47

Food preservation adds variety to the food. For example, in the ……. of fresh peas during

the hot summer months, canned or dehydrated peas may be made use of. Food
preservation increases the shelf life of food. Pineapples, cherries and other fruits and

vegetables may be preserved by different …… for long periods of time. Food

preservation increases the food supply. Food preservation decreases the ……. of food.

Excess foods which would have otherwise been wasted, when processed and preserved add to

the existing supplies, thus also decreasing the wastage of food. Food preservation decreases

dietary ………. . Variety in diet is brought about with the help of preserved foods. For

example, some Middle-East countries do not grow any vegetables due to arid soil conditions,

this shortcoming is overcome through the import of fresh and preserved fruits and vegetables.

However, the Middle East countries are the chief exporters of dates and dry fruits. Likewise,

certain regions of a country which may be lacking in a particular food item, can make good

the deficiency by ……… them from various regions where it is plentiful. In the snow-bound

areas of the Himalayas most often, food is brought in from other parts of the country.

A.

1. absence

2. abundance

3. existence

Correct Option: 1

B.

1. Both 2 and 3

2. methods

3. ways

Correct Option: 1

C.

1. wastage

2. usage
3. None

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. excess

2. abundance

3. inadequacies

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. disengage

2. procuring

3. blocking

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 48

When a cell is kept in water or in a solution less ……… than the cell sap, water enters the

cell. This increases the volume of the cell and the protoplasm …… pressure against the cell

wall. As a result of this the cell wall becomes ……... This state of the cell is termed turgid

condition. Turgidity is the fully expanded condition of a cell with its wall stretched due to

excessive accumulation of water. The ……… pressure exerted by the cell fluid on the cell

wall is called turgor pressure. The inward pressure exerted on the cell contents by the

stretched cell wall is called wall pressure. Normally these two pressures counterbalance each

other and a state of ………. is maintained between them. Three factors influence the turgidity

of a living cell. These are: (a) formation of osmotically active substances inside the cell, (b)

an adequate supply of water, and (c) a semi-permeable membrane. It helps in the movement

of nutrient solutions from cell to cell. This is because of the difference in the concentration of
the cell …… between one cell and the other. It is necessary for the growth of different

organs.

A.

1. condensed

2. saturated

3. fragile

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. lazes

2. conceals

3. exerts

Correct Option: 3

C.

1. stretched

2. compressed

3. bloated

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. None

2. outward

3. inward

Correct Option: 2

E.

1. equilibrium

2. agitation
3. excitement

Correct Option: 1

F.

1. sapling

2. sap

3. sampling

Correct Option: 2

Paragraph 49

This realm consists of all water bodies, including the vast oceans, lakes, seas, rivers and

ponds. They cover 71 per cent of the earth‘s surface. The oceans are large salt water bodies

separated by continents. The largest and deepest ocean is the Pacific. Its …….. point is the

Mariana Trench. This ocean fills the gap between Asia and Australia on the west and

America on the east. The Atlantic Oceans is an ‗S‘ shaped water body between the America

on the west, and Europe and Africa on its east. Its waters enter through the narrow …… of

Gibraltar into the Mediterranean Sea which separates Africa from Europe. It is a narrow neck

of water between two landmasses that join two water bodies. The Indian Ocean is located at

the head of the Indian subcontinent. It ……………. from the edge of Africa to Australia in

the east. …. are small water bodies surrounded by land while others of larger size are called

seas, e.g. Caspian Sea, Aral Sea and Dead Sea. Locate them in your atlas. Apart from seas

there are gulfs and bays. A gulf is a body of water jutting deep into the land e.g. Persian gulf

and Gulf of Guinea while a bay is an inlet of the sea wider than a gulf, e.g. Bay of Bengal and

Bay of Biscay.

A.

1. highest

2. steepest
3. deepest

Correct Option: 3

B.

1. closure

2. strait

3. ease

Correct Option: 2

C.

1. moves

2. stretches

3. starts

Correct Option: 2

D.

1. rivers

2. ponds

3. lakes

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. inlet

2. slew

3. loch

Correct Option: 1

Paragraph 50

Curzon came to India in December 1898. He ……… unpopular measures which intensified

the opposition to British rule. The partition of Bengal's object was given out as administrative
……... But the real object of division was to create hatred among the Hindus and Muslims to

make the nationalist movement weak. The group which led to the extremists in the Congress

consisted of Bal GangadharTilak, Bipin Chandra Pal and LalaLajpat Rai. They were

popularly known as 'Lal Bal Pal'. They ……… the past of India in order to inculcate self

confidence and national pride in the Indians. In 1897 Tilak was prosecuted and sentenced to

18 months ……….. imprisonment for his ………writings and speeches. He had started

Kesari and Maratha newspapers. He also revived the Ganpati and Shivaji festivals and made

use of them for arousing national feelings. In Bengal, the cult of the goddess Kali was

adopted. The extremists condemned the old leadership of the Congress for their praise of

Western culture and their faith in the British government. There were a lot of differences in

……… between the extremists and the moderates. The 'extremist' leaders drew masses into

the struggle, particularly in urban areas. The mobilization of youth, for the struggle was a

main contribution of the 'extremists.'

A.

1. overlook

2. imposed

3. prevent

Correct Option: 2

B.

1. hindrance

2. in utility

3. convenience

Correct Option: 3

C.

1. extolled
2. castigate

3. condemn

Correct Option: 1

D.

1. lenient

2. imprecise

3. rigorous

Correct Option: 3

E.

1. alienated

2. seditious

3. estranged

Correct Option: 2

F.

1. dovishness

2. hawkishness

3. outlook

Correct Option: 3