Q. What Is Full Form Of Computer?

C= Common (सामान्य)

O= Operating (संचालन)

M = machine )यंत्र(

P = particularly )मुख्य रूप से(

U = Used for )इस्तेमाल करना(

T = Trade )व्यापार(

E = Education & )शिक्षा और(

R = Research )खोज(

Q. What is computer?

A computer is a programmable device that can store, retrieve, and process data.

Some example of computer:-

Desktop, Mobile Phones, Digital camera, Laptop,ETC.

Q. What are the Types Computer?

Ans: There are threeTypes of computer

1st Digital Computer:

The computers which have their own display are known as digital computer.

Ex: - Desktop, Laptop, Palmtop, Tab, Mobile phone, Digital Camera,

Calculator….etc.
2nd Analog Computers:

The Computer which doesn’t have display is known as Analog computers.

Ex: - Mobile Phone networks tower, RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging),
Setup box, Radio signals, Satellite.
 -

3rd Hybrid Computers:

The Analog setups which are controlled through digital setup are known as
hybrid computers.

Ex: - ATM (Automatic Trailer Machine), Super Computers, Industrial Computer

setup….. ETC.
 - .

Personal computer:

A computer designed for use by one person at a time.

Ex: laptop, Desktop, Palmtop, Tab ….. E.T.C

DESKTOP:

A computer suitable for use at an ordinary desk is called Desktop.

MOUSE:

Mouse is a device used to operate pointer.

Types of Mouse:

1st Normal Mouse

2nd Wireless Mouse

Mouse Buttons

1st – Left Click or Click (To open any file)

2nd – Right Click (To open the option of file)

Like: Open, Delete, Rename, Properties

3rd – Scroll Zoom in & Zoom Out

Page up & Page down

Icon Size small &large

Increase & Decrease Volume.

MONITOR:
Monitor is the displaying unit of our PC which gives output of instruction given
by user

Types of Monitor

CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)

.2LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

LED (Light-Emitting Diodes)

Monitor contains two types of wire.

1st – Power Cable (Supply Electricity to Monitor) -

2nd - Visual Graphic Adaptor (VGA) Cable. (Takes information from CPU and
supply it to Monitor)

U.P.S (Uninterruptible power supply)

It is a device that allows your computer to keep running for at least a short time
when the primary power source is lost.

It also provides protection from power surges.

R.A.M.

(Random Access Memory

It is the temporary memory of the computer.it is also known as volatile

memory.

Hard Disk:

Rigid non-removable magnetic disk with a large data storage capacity. It is used
to store data .
D.V.D. DRIVES

An optical disk drive that reads and writes

All C.D. and D.V.D.

DVD stands for Digital Video Disk.

MOTHERBOARD

Motherboard is the main printed circuit board (P.C.B.) found in computers. It is

the main component of the computer.
S.M.P.S.

(Switch Mode Power Supply)

Main functions of SMPS are:-

Converts A.C. to D.C.

Different wire contains different volts.

Different switch supply power to Different places.

R.O.M.

(Read Only Memory)

We can’t change any information from ROM.

We can just read it.

Ex. – when we ON our mobile Phone it shows the name of Company. (Samsung,
Nokia, Airtel…etc.)

Some ringtones and wallpaper of our mobile phone are written under ROM so
that we can only play it, we can’t delete it.

C.P.U.

(Central Processing Unit)

Commonly called processor.

It is the brain of the computer where most calculations take place.

Some of latest CPUs are - Dual Core, Core 2 Duo, i3, i5, i7

Dual Core

Core 2 Duo

i3, i5, i7
U.S.B.

Universal Serial Bus

Used to connect hardware.

PS2

Personal system 2

Used to connect Mouse & Keyboard

KEYBOARD
-

"The name "QWERTY" for our computer keyboard comes from the first six
letters in the Keyboard.

Main Keys:

ALPHABETS (A-Z) = 26

NUMBER KEY = 10

SYMBOLS = 32

SPECIAL KEYS = 19

FUNCTION KEYS = 12

SPECIAL KEYS

SPACE-BAR: Used to give Space between two words.

Enter: Used to change the line.

Backspace is used to delete any text.

Caps lock: Used for fully capital typing.

Tab: Used to change the column.

vi. Esc (Escape):- Used to remove any message or close any information,

Exit from any Game/Apps.

Delete:Used delete any File, Folder.

Viii. Pg. up (Page up): Used to up the page.

ix. PgDn (Page Down): Used to Down the page.

x. Home - Used to type from starting.

xi. End: Used to type from last.

xii. Shift: Temp Capital

b) Upper Text of the Key.

xiii. Num Lk (Number Lock) : Used to lock any number key.

Xiv. PrntScr (Print Screen): Used to capture the screen.

Fn (function) key is found only in laptops.

Uses of Fn keys:

Fn + F1 = Connect / Disconnect Projector/ LED/ LCD

Fn + F2 = Wi-fi on/off

Fn + F3 = Enable / Disable Mouse

Fn + F4 = Brightness low

Fn + F5 = Brightness High

Fn + F8 = Back (Media key)

Fn + F9 = Play/Pause (Media key)

Fn + F10 = Next (Media key)

Fn + F11 = Volume Low

Fn + F12 = Volume High

HARDWARE:

Computer hardware is the collection of physical parts of a computer system.

Ex:

Monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also includes all the parts inside.
The computer case, such as the hard disk drive, motherboard, video card, and
many others.

,
INPUT DEVICE:

It is any piece of computer hardware which takes information from user and
provides information to CPU.

Ex: keyboards, mice, scanners, joysticks,

ETC…
OUTPUT DEVICE:

It is any piece of computer hardware which takes information from CPU and
provides information to user.

Ex: Monitor, Speaker,

Printer, ETC
SOFTWARE

Q. What is Software?

The programs and other operating information used by a computer.

There are two types of Software.

1st – System software

2nd – Application Software (Apps)

System Software – The Software without we can’t open our Computer are
known as System Software.
Windows 3.1 (1st O.S.)

Windows 3.11

Windows NT

Windows 95

Windows 98(1st Multi-purpose O.S.)

Windows 2000

Windows ME (1st O.S. used in Laptops)

Windows XP (Extended Profession)

Windows Vista (1st 3D O.S.)

Windows 7 (Ultimate)

Windows 8 (Latest)

Windows 8.1 (Latest)

Windows 10 (Latest)

2nd-Application software-Such software which is used for specific use is called

application software.

Ex-tally (Accounting), PageMaker (page designing), MS-Word (Document

creating) VLC (watching HD movies) etc.
IBM

Computer Hardware Company

The International Business Machines Corporation is an American multinational

technology and consulting corporation, with headquarters in Armonk, New
York, United States.Armonk,

CEO: Ginni Rometty

Founded: June 16, 1911, Endicott, New York, United States•

Founders: Charles Ranlett Flint, Thomas J. Watson

MICROSOFT Corporation

WORLD’S BIGGEST SOFTWARE COMPANY

Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational corporation that develops,

manufactures, licenses, supports and sells computer software, consumer
electronics and personal computers and services.

# Chief Executive Officer (C.E.O)

Satya Nadella

Salary – 93352500 / Month

# Customer service: 1800 102 1100

# Founded: April 4, 1975, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States

#Headquarters:

Redmond, WA, United States of America

Founders: Bill Gates, Paul Allen

Multimedia

Multi means many and media means way to express one medium to another
medium.

Some of the Medias are –

Images, Audio, Video, Animation, Text

They combined to form a

Some of the important media files are –

JPEG – Joint Pictures Expert Group (Picture Format)

MP3 – Media Player3 (Audio Format likes Songs, Voice Recording)

MP4 – Media Player4 (Video Format)

AVI – High Definition (HD) Video [Audio Video Interface]

MIDI – Musical Instrument Digital Interface (Mobile Tones only….not singing)

AMR - Adaptive Multi Rate

GIF- Graphics Interchange Format (Motion Picture)

3GP: (3rd Graphical Picture) Low level video quality.

Q. What is converter?
Ans: Converter is an application software through which we can convert any
Multimedia format to another format.

Ex: - We can convert any Video to audio, HD video to low resolution video
(3GP)….ETC.

Q. What is media player?

It is the software through which we can play media files.

Ex: VLC media player – increase volume up to 400% and able to play all types of
formats, whereas system software like Window media player is unable for such
features.

Computer

Classification of computer:

1: Super computer (used by scientist)

2: Mainframe computer (used by Corporates)

Computers used by corporate and governmental

Organizations for critical applications, bulk data processing, industry consumer

statistics, enterprise resource planning and transaction processing.

3: Minicomputer (used in Railways and Airports)

4: Microcomputer (used by common people)

Types of Microcomputer

1: Desktop

2: Laptop

3: Palmtop

Desktop and laptop are commonly known as PC (personal computer)