Western Mindanao State University

MASTER OF ARTS IN HOME ECONOMICS

MAJOR IN HOME ECONOMICS
ZAMBOANGA CITY

A
COMPILATION
OF MY TOPIC REPORT AND ASSIGNMENT
IN

SOCIAL WORK 201

(DESCRIPTION: COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION)

Submitted BY:
NOLA C. YU
Graduate Student

Submitted To:
Joe Mike Alvarez
Graduate Professor in Social Work 201
 Date: November 28, 2015

1. Differentiate community organizing and participatory development

objectives
ANSWER
The difference between community organizing and participatory development
can be distinguished each other in their own definition wherein community
organizing defines as a process where people who live in proximity to each other
to come together into an organization that acts in their shared self- interest, while
on the other hand participatory development is a process through which
stakeholders can influence and shared control over development initiatives, and
over the decisions and resources that affects themselves.

2. Identify and explain what element of organizing work you had

engaged in the past or currently doing at present.

ANSWER

I had not been yet engaged in community organizing but more or less I am
quietly familiar about what community organizing is, as I learned from the discussion
during our class in Social work subject. Well, like for example you are a member of a
particular organization like “ Sagip Bata ” Program, just an example, as an active
member you must stick always with the group for you will be able to be aware of what
are the latest activity you should know where to support being a member of the group
organization.

3. Which of the three objectives of community organizing do you

think is the most prominent or well-used objective in Philippine
setting?

ANSWER: 1.3. To help people develop their awareness of their potentials and
harness their human and material resources to pursue programs and projects
meant to improve their quality of life.
I could say that this objective is prominent and is used by our country in
community organizing because most of the aims that I had observed in local
areas, in barangays, their approach or goals most likely in terms of educating
people through giving seminar, lectures and sometimes workshops and helping
the people to educate them. In fact we all aware that one cause of poverty was
due to lack of opportunity to open-up their minds to new ideas and techniques in
finding ways to solve their problems. So this is already had emphasized as always
by workers in order to teach them that the solution always lies in their hands only
if they will open up their minds. One of the possible ways is that educating them
is the best solution amidst of their being poor in terms of life necessity they are
also poor in education. That is why giving them proper learning, good values,
teaching skills in Home Economics, Technology skills educate them, have been the
most common approach in community organization in the Philippines and the
ultimate solution to help improve the life status of every the indigenous Filipino
family.
 Date: February, 21, 2016

1. Described the different historical periods that influenced community

practice in Social Work.

Answer
There are many describable ways to tell about in community organizing
that run in our Philippine history. One of it during pre-colonial era was described
as the Bayanihan system were it showed great efforts and full cooperation in
order to succeed life into a fully develop one. From the bitterness left by the
Spanish Regime that we all knew how bitter the life of our pre-ancestral heroes.
During the period of foreign invaders, the community organization was
more on recovering stages, of what must to be bring back into a normal situation
so that the so called development and progress as being always aimed for every
citizen will come into reality.

2. . Define the thrusts and objectives of community organization for a given

historical period.

ANSWER
The thrusts and objectives of community organization for a given historical
period were rehabilitating communities destroyed by war. The focused on
generating maximum community participation and enhancing their coping
capacities to meet their needs and problems.

3. What learning insights can you draw from the History of Community
Organizing in the Philippines?
ANSWER
 The insight or learning insight we could draw in the History of Community
organizing in the Philippines was for me the scenes, the tragic wars and the
sorrows of our ancestors brought us a lesson that the history should not be
repeated again. Through education and wise decision, critical thinking and
analysis of every situation must be always consider to take some necessary
action in finding solution to community organizing towards development. Through
this way our Life situation will be uplifted and the success of facing another new
challenges in life and the demands of new technology, let us all used it carefully.
Should we never used or be used by them again as a means of terrorizing our
country.
 TOPIC REPORT:

COMMUNITY ORGANIZING PROCESS

By: Nola C. Yu
Community organizing process By PhD. Ponh OUD

STAGE ONE: ENTRY INTO THE COMMUNITY

• STAGE TWO: COMMUNITY IMMERSION
• STAGE THREE:
CORE GROUP FORMATION
• STAGE FOUR: FORMATION OF THE
COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION (CBO)
• STAGE FIVE: COMMUNITY CAPACITY BUILDING
• STAGE SIX: PARTICIPATORY COMMUNITY REASEARCH
• STAGE SEVEN: COMMUNITY PLANNING FOR PROBLEM SOLVING
• STAGE EIGHT: COMMUNITY RESOURCE MOBILIZATION
• STAGE NINE: PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
• STAGE TEN: EXIT FROM THE COMMUNITY
•
Definition: Community entry is the process where the Community Organizer (CO)
officially enters the community
2. Importance:
During community entry, the Community Organizer (CO) is introduced to local
authorities and other key people in the community. It is the first step by the
Community Organizer (CO) towards integration into the community
• Process
A. Preparation
a. Role of the NGO
• Clarify its purpose why it wants to work in the community.
• Develop criteria for recruiting Community Organizer (CO). Recruit a Community
Organizer (CO) who will stay and work with the people in the community.
• Develop criteria for target community. Select target community using the criteria.
• Develop criteria for contact person and host family.
• Process
A. Preparation
b. Role of the Community Organizer (CO)
• Collect information about the community from government and non-
government organizations working in the target community.
• Select contact person using criteria.
• Stay temporarily with a family recommended by contact person.
Prepare and bring personal items needed to stay in the community
3. Process
A. Preparation
b. Role of the Community Organizer (CO)
• Collect information about the community from government and non-government
organizations working in the target community.
• Select contact person using criteria.
• Stay temporarily with a family recommended by contact person.
• Prepare and bring personal items needed to stay in the community.

Process
• B. Community Entry
a. Tasks of the Community Organizer (CO)
• Visit the house of contact person.
• Together with the contact person, pay courtesy call to local authorities and key people
in the community.
• Stay temporarily with host family recommended by contact person.
. Definition
“Community Immersion” is the process of staying and living together with the people
in the community and experience their way of life.
2. Importance
Through community immersion, the Community Organizer (CO) will gain better
understanding of the people and their situation. The people will also be able to know
the Community Organizer (CO) better and mutually develop good relationships with
each other.
 STAGE TWO:
COMMUNITY IMMERSION

. Definition
“Community Immersion” is the process of staying and living together with the people
in the community and experience their way of life.
2. Importance
Through community immersion, the Community Organizer (CO) will gain better
understanding of the people and their situation. The people will also be able to know
the Community Organizer (CO) better and mutually develop good relationships with
each other.
. Process
• Identify host family using criteria earlier developed.
• Stay with host family.
• Go out and meet as many people as possible.
• Participate in household and livelihood activities of the host family.
• Participate in community celebrations, activities and meetings.
• Document observations and experiences using a “CO Diary.”
. Important advice for the Community Organizer (CO)
• Be humble.
• Be polite.
• Respect local belief, religion and culture.
• Do not get drunk.
• Do not make promises that will not be fulfilled.
• Do not flirt. Do not talk about political parties
 STAGE THREE:
CORE GROUP FORMATION

Definition
A “Core Group” is made up of 5-7 individuals from the community selected and recruited
by the Community Organizer (CO) to help facilitate the formation of the “Community
Based Organization (CBO)”.
2. Importance
The “Core Group” works together with the Community Organizer (CO) and provides
community leadership towards the formation of the “Community Based Organization
(CBO)”.
. Process
A. The NGO develops criteria for recruiting “Core Group” members which may include the
following:
• Leadership
• Integrity
• Availability
• Commitment
• Knowledge and skills
Process

B. Tasks of Community Organizer (CO)

• Observe and talk to people in the community.

• Identify potential “Core Group” members using criteria.

• Select and recruit 5-7 potential “Core Group” members. Women should be included.

• Conduct orientation meeting with all “Core Group” members. Introduce and explain the
work of the NGO. Explain and clarify responsibilities of “Core Group” members.
 STAGE FOUR: FORMATION OF THE
COMMUNITY BASED ORGANIZATION
. Definition
A “Community Based Organization (CBO)” is an association of people living in the
same geographic location.
2. Importance
The “Community Based Organization (CBO)” is a structure that provides people with
opportunities to work together to solve common problems affecting their lives.

Process
The task of Community Organizer (CO) in CBO formation is to help the “Core Group” members
to:
• Identify and analyze community problems.
• Brainstorm and prioritize solutions.
• Discuss and determine the importance of CBO formation.
• Identify steps for CBO formation.
• Develop criteria for CBO leaders.
Process
Steps in “Community Based Organization (CBO)” formation the “Core Group” should be
responsible for the following activities:
a. Planning for the Community Meeting
• Determine the purpose of the community meeting.
• Determine suitable place and time for the community meeting.
• Plan the agenda and clarify responsibilities.
• Announce the schedule, purpose and participants of the meeting.
Process
Steps in “Community Based Organization (CBO)” formation the “Core Group” should be
responsible for the following activities:
a. Planning for the Community Meeting
• Determine the purpose of the community meeting.
• Determine suitable place and time for the community meeting.
• Plan the agenda and clarify responsibilities.
• Announce the schedule, purpose and participants of the meeting.
Activities during the Community Meeting
• Clearly explain the purpose and agenda of the community meeting.
• Present community problems affecting community and the need to solve problems by
working together.
• Present the idea and get approval for the formation of the Community Based
Organization (CBO).
• Present the idea of the need to elect 5-7 CBO leaders. Discuss the process for
nomination and election.
• Present the responsibilities of CBO leaders and their term of office.
. Activities during the Community Meeting Cont.
• Start the nomination process. Allow candidates to respond to their nomination.
• Conduct election in clear and transparent manner.
• Tally votes and announce election results.
• Allow newly elected CBO leaders to respond to their election.
• Meeting should end on time after the election.
• Decide on the place, time and agenda for next meeting.
• Record minutes in writing.
Activities after the Community Meeting
• The CO should meet with the newly elected CBO leaders after the community
meeting.
• The CO will arrange the time, place and agenda for the first formal meeting of
the CBO leaders.
 STAGE FIVE: COMMUNITY CAPACITY BUILDING
Definition
“Community Capacity Building” is the process of developing and strengthening
knowledge, skills and experience of the CBO leaders and members.
2. Importance
Developing the capacity of the CBO leaders and members will ensure greater
community participation, self-reliance and sustainability of the organization
Process
Tasks of the “CBO leaders”:
• Conduct assessment of training needs of CBO leaders and members.
• Develop plan based on training needs.
• Identify available internal and external resources to meet training needs.
• Training of first line and second line of CBO leaders.

Basic skills needed by the Community Based Organization (CBO)

• Facilitating CBO and community meeting
• Recording of minutes of the meeting
• Research and data gathering
• Planning
• Monitoring and evaluation
• Communication skills
• Management skills
• Financial skills
• Project proposal making

Definition
“Participatory Community Research (PCR)” is the process of identifying, analyzing and
prioritizing community problems and their possible solutions.
2. Importance
The “PCR” enables community members to identify community needs, resources and
priorities towards problem solving
 STAGE SIX: PARTICIPATORY COMMUNITY
Definition
“Participatory Community Research (PCR)” is the process of identifying, analyzing and
prioritizing community problems and their possible solutions.
2. Importance
The “PCR” enables community members to identify community needs, resources and
priorities towards problem solving.
Process
• The CBO leaders will call for a community meeting. The agenda for community meeting
is the formation and election of the members of the “Participatory Research Committee
(PCR).”
• Formation of the “Participatory Research Committee (PCR)” during community meeting.
• The CO will train CBO leaders and PCR on how to use participatory research tools.
• After the training, the PCR will conduct the community research together with
community members.
• Community data tabulation and analysis. The CO will train the PCR on how to do this.
• The CBO leaders will call for a community meeting for data presentation and validation.
• Formation of the “Community Planning Committee” during the community meeting.
 STAGE SEVEN: COMMUNITY PLANNING FOR PROBLEM SOLVING
. Process
The tasks of the “Planning Committee” are:
• Review community priorities based on the result of the PCR and develop community
action plan:
– Identify possible project/s.
– Set up project objectives.
– Identify target groups.
– Identify activities and persons responsible.
– Identify resources needed.
– Develop budget.
– Develop strategy on how to access to resources needed.

Process
The tasks of the “Planning Committee” are:
• Review community priorities based on the result of the PCR and Call a community
meeting to present “community action plan”. Presentation, validation and approval of
“community action plan” by community members.
• Finalize “community action plan” based on suggestions and recommendation of
community members.
 STAGE EIGHT: COMMUNITY RESOURCE MOBILIZATION
. Definition
“Community Resource Mobilization” is the process of utilizing people and their
resources towards accomplishing desired changes in the community.
2. Importance
The community needs resources in order to implement its projects and activities.
“Community Resource Mobilization” enables the community to maximize the use of
available local resources towards achieving problem solving objectives. External
resources should only be utilized if local resources are not available.

Process
Role of the “CBO Leaders” in mobilizing community resources:
• Establish clear and regular communication and feedback system with community
members.
• Secure commitments of community members towards a particular cause.
• Follow-up and monitor commitments of community members.
• Delegate responsibilities in problem solving to maximize participation of community
members.
 STAGE NINE: PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Definition

C. Evaluation
Evaluation is the process of assessing the impact of the projects and activities of the
community. It is concerned with determining the accomplishments of goals and
objectives. The community members should conduct the evaluation themselves at
the completion of a project or activity.
2. Importance
The “Community Action Plan” is the vehicle to achieve desired community changes. A
regular monitoring and evaluation process will ensure effective achievement of
activities and desired results.

. Process: the tasks of the “CBO leaders” during project implementation are the following:
A. Project Implementation
• Oversee and direct the implementation of projects and activities.
• Clarify roles of each member in projects or activities.
• Motivate the community members to contribute to the projects and activities. Mobilize
the use of community resources for the projects or activities.
• Conduct regular consultation and feedback with community members.
• Manage inter-personal relationships and conflict management. Facilitate team building
activities.
• Conduct an information and advocacy campaign on the “Community Action Plan”.
Process: the tasks of the “CBO leaders” during project implementation are the following:
B. Monitoring and Evaluation
• Formation of the Monitoring and Evaluation Committee.
• Development of the monitoring & evaluation plan.
• Develop participatory tools for monitoring and evaluation.
• Preparation of the evaluation report.
• Presentation and validation of evaluation report during community meeting.
• Finalization of the evaluation report after community meeting.
 STAGE TEN: EXIT FROM THE COMMUNITY

Definition:
“Community Exit” is the process whereby the Community Organizer (CO) gradually
leaves the community as the “Community Based Organization (CBO)” moves towards
independence and self-reliance
Importance
The “Community Exit” strategy enables the “Community Based Organization (CBO)” to
grow and gradually develop into a mature self-governing and self-reliant association
independent. The CBO needs to grow and develop into a self-governing and self-
reliant institution at its own pace and on its own time. At the initial stage of
Community Organizing process, the CO takes a major role in leading the CBO in the
problem solving process. As the capacity of the CBO leaders and members gradually
develop, they should assume more responsibilities and move towards becoming
independent and self-reliant. The role of the CO should then change from initiating,
leading and managing to facilitating and coordinating of development activities.
The “Community Organizer (CO)” should already start thinking about the exit strategy
before entering the community. At the final stage, the CO should eventually leave the
community.
Process
The “Community Based Organization (CBO)” needs to establish federations, actively
participate in networks and build strategic alliances with other groups and
organizations in a continuing basis. These partnerships will enable the CBO to give
and receive support from other CBOs, groups and organizations.
The tasks of the “Community Organizer (CO)” in enabling CBO leaders to move
towards becoming an independent CBO:
Process
• Continuing education for CBO leaders and members, especially developing
second and third line of leaders.
• Strengthening communication and resource mobilization skills, especially local
fundraising.
• Establishing strong support system through networking and building alliances
with government and non-government organizations.
• Establish linkages and networking with other organizations at the village,
commune, district, province and national level.
Join CBO federations with similar values and objectives for mutual benefit where appropriate

Questions:

What is community organizing process in your organization?

Please describe.

END