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Speed Control of DC Motor Using PWM Meth PDF

The document presents a project on controlling the speed of a DC motor using pulse width modulation (PWM). A group of engineering students designed a circuit using a 555 timer IC to generate PWM signals that are amplified using an optocoupler and sent to an IGBT switch to control the voltage supplied to the DC motor. The circuit allows for bidirectional speed control of the motor. Potential applications of this technology include use in tramcars and electric locomotives.

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MANDULA PRASHANTH
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245 views19 pages

Speed Control of DC Motor Using PWM Meth PDF

The document presents a project on controlling the speed of a DC motor using pulse width modulation (PWM). A group of engineering students designed a circuit using a 555 timer IC to generate PWM signals that are amplified using an optocoupler and sent to an IGBT switch to control the voltage supplied to the DC motor. The circuit allows for bidirectional speed control of the motor. Potential applications of this technology include use in tramcars and electric locomotives.

Uploaded by

MANDULA PRASHANTH
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A

PRESENTATION ON
SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR USING PWM METHOD

Presented by,

Vinod Karvande - 121030048 Avinash Ambre - 131030981


Akash Baviskar - 131030984 Abhimanyu Sasane - 131030985
Nilesh Patil - 131030987

Guided by,
Asst. Prof H. B. Chaudhari

Electrical Engineering Department


Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute
(Autonomous Institute affiliated to University of Mumbai)
Mumbai – 400019
INTRODUCTION

 Today’s industries are increasingly demanding process automation in all

sectors. Automation results into better quality, increased production an

reduced costs. The variable speed drives, which can control the speed of

A.C/D.C motors, are indispensable controlling elements in automation

systems. Depending on the applications, some of them are fixed speed and

some of the variable speed drives.


DC MOTOR:
 Working Principle:
A motor is an electrical machine which converts electrical
energy into mechanical energy. The principle of working of
a DC motor is that "whenever a current carrying conductor is
placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a mechanical force".
Types:
1.DC Series Motor
2.DC Shunt Motor
3.DC Compound Motor
DC SHUNT MOTOR :
SPEED CONTROL METHOD OF DC
MOTOR:
 Armature or Rheostatic control method.
 Flux control method. It is seen that speed of the
motor is inversely proportional to flux.
 Armature control method.

 Voltage Control Method.

 Variable resistance in series with armature.

 Series-parallel control.
SPEED CONTROL METHOD OF DC
MOTOR USING PWM TECHNIQUE:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

OPTOCOUPLER

IGBT SWITCH &


MOTOR
PWM GENERATION
INTRODUCTION OF PWM
 Pulse: An electromagnetic wave or modulation
there of brief duration
 Width modulation: to adjust to or keep in proper
measure or proportion the width of the pulse with
respect to the frequency of the wave
INTRODUCTION: PWM
TIMER IC 555:

Features:
• High Current Drive Capability (200mA)
• Adjustable Duty Cycle
• Temperature Stability of 0.005%/°C
• Timing From μSec to Hours
• Turn off Time Less Than 2μSec

Operating Modes:
1.Astable Multivibrator
2.Monostable Multivibrator
3.Bistable Multivibrator
IC 555 USING ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR
POWER SUPPLY:
For IC 555:
+5V dc
For IGBT:
+30V DC
For DC Motor:
220V DC
OPTOCOUPLER (GATE DRIVER):

Features:
• Wide operating VCC range: 15 to 30
Volts
• 500 ns maximum switching speeds
• Gate drivers successfully boosted the
PWM pulses to +15V .
• The power circuit and the control circuit
were successfully isolated
SWITCHING DEVICE
IGBT:
 An insulated-gate bipolar
transistor (IGBT) is a three-
terminal power semiconductor
device primarily used as an
electronic switch. it was
developed to combine high
efficiency and fast switching.
FUTURE SCOPE:
Four Quadrant Chopper

The speed of the motor has been


varied successfully in an open loop
manner in accordance with the change
in duty ratio.
Future scope is to control the speed of
the motor is bidirectional and
reversible.
APPLICATION:

 Tramcars Geneva,  Electric Locomotives


Switzerland Cottbus, Germany
SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR
 Advantages:
 The motor consume less power

 Significantly less energy loss due to heat

 Allow finer motor control


CONLUSION:

 The DC motor speed is controlled by using power electronic


device and the PWM is used which to control the speed of dc
motor. This circuit is useful to operate the dc motors at
required speed with very low losses and low cost. The circuit
response time is fast. Hence high reliability can be achieved.
The designed circuit was tested for various speed inputs
satisfactorily. The method already employed in traction
system and has a good scope ahead.

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