Nikola Tesla (/ˈtɛslə/;[2] Serbo-Croatian: [nǐkola têsla]; Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Тесла; 10 July
1856 – 7 January 1943) was a Serbian-American[3][4][5] inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical
engineer, and futurist who is best known for his contributions to the design of the
modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system.[6]
Born and raised in the Austrian Empire, Tesla received an advanced education in engineering
and physics in the 1870s and gained practical experience in the early 1880s working
in telephony and at Continental Edison in the new electric power industry. He emigrated in 1884
to the United States, where he would become a naturalized citizen. He worked for a short time
at the Edison Machine Works in New York City before he struck out on his own. With the help of
partners to finance and market his ideas, Tesla set up laboratories and companies in New York
to develop a range of electrical and mechanical devices. His alternating current (AC) induction
motor and related polyphase AC patents, licensed by Westinghouse Electric in 1888, earned
him a considerable amount of money and became the cornerstone of the polyphase system
which that company would eventually market.
Attempting to develop inventions he could patent and market, Tesla conducted a range of
experiments with mechanical oscillators/generators, electrical discharge tubes, and early X-ray
imaging. He also built a wireless-controlled boat, one of the first ever exhibited. Tesla became
well known as an inventor and would demonstrate his achievements to celebrities and wealthy
patrons at his lab, and was noted for his showmanship at public lectures. Throughout the 1890s,
Tesla pursued his ideas for wireless lighting and worldwide wireless electric power distribution in
his high-voltage, high-frequency power experiments in New York and Colorado Springs. In
1893, he made pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices.
Tesla tried to put these ideas to practical use in his unfinished Wardenclyffe Tower project, an
intercontinental wireless communication and power transmitter, but ran out of funding before he
could complete it.[7]
After Wardenclyffe, Tesla experimented with a series of inventions in the 1910s and 1920s with
varying degrees of success. Having spent most of his money, Tesla lived in a series of New
York hotels, leaving behind unpaid bills. He died in New York City in January 1943.[8] Tesla's
work fell into relative obscurity following his death, until 1960, when the General Conference on
Weights and Measures named the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla in his honor.[9] There
has been a resurgence in popular interest in Tesla since the 1990s.[10]