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This document provides solutions to two problems related to designing fluidized bed distributors. For problem 1, the solution involves designing a perforated plate distributor given operating conditions. It is determined that 3840 orifices per square meter are needed, each with a diameter of 2 mm. For problem 2, the solution involves designing a tuyere-type distributor with 8 holes, where the hole diameter is calculated to be 6.99 mm to limit gas velocity to below 20 m/s.

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Saurabh Tiwari
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202 views2 pages

T 2

This document provides solutions to two problems related to designing fluidized bed distributors. For problem 1, the solution involves designing a perforated plate distributor given operating conditions. It is determined that 3840 orifices per square meter are needed, each with a diameter of 2 mm. For problem 2, the solution involves designing a tuyere-type distributor with 8 holes, where the hole diameter is calculated to be 6.99 mm to limit gas velocity to below 20 m/s.

Uploaded by

Saurabh Tiwari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Date: 25/01/2017 Department of Chemical Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

CHN–326: Fluidization Engineering


Spring 2016–2017
Tutorial Sheet – 2: Solutions

Problem 1 Design a perforated plate distributor for a fluidized bed for the following conditions:
Solids: ρs = 1.5 g/cm3 ; εmf = 0.48; Lmf = 3 m
Gas: ρg = 2 × 10–3; µ = 2 × 10–4 g/cm.s, uo = 60 cm/s
dt = 6 m and ∆pd = 0.3 ∆pb
Determine the fraction of open area needed and the relationship between orifice diameter
and the number of orifices per area.

Answer: Data given:


Distributor type: Perforated plate distributor
Solids:
ρs = 1500 kg/m3
εmf = 0.48
Lmf = 3 m
Gas:
ρg = 2 kg/m3
µ = 0.00002 kg/m.s
uo = 60 cm/s
Vessel:
dt = 6 m
∆pd = 0.3 ∆pb
�1 − 𝜀𝜀𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 ��𝜌𝜌𝑠𝑠 − 𝜌𝜌𝑔𝑔 �𝑔𝑔𝐿𝐿𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
∆𝑝𝑝𝑏𝑏 = = 22901 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
𝑔𝑔𝑐𝑐
∆𝑝𝑝𝑑𝑑 = 0.3 × ∆𝑝𝑝𝑏𝑏 = 6870 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃
𝑑𝑑𝑡𝑡 𝜌𝜌𝑔𝑔 𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑡𝑡 = = 360,000 > 3000
𝜇𝜇
Cd,or = 0.6
0.5
2∆𝑝𝑝𝑑𝑑
𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝐶𝐶𝑑𝑑,𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 � � = 49.73 𝑚𝑚/𝑠𝑠
𝜌𝜌𝑔𝑔
𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜
= 0.0121 = 1.21% < 10%, therefore the desgin is acceptable.
𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
Number of orifices and orifice diameter
𝜋𝜋 2
𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜 = 𝑑𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑁𝑁𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
4
Orifice diameter, dor (m) 0.001 0.002 0.004
Orifice diameter, dor (mm) 1.0 2.0 4.0
Number of orifices, Nor (1/m2) 15361 3840 960
Nor = 3840 tuyeres/m2
dor = 0.002 m = 2 mm
Fraction of open area
Total Nor = 3840
Total open area/m2 = 0.012059 1/m2
Fraction of open area = 1.2 %

Page 1 of 2
Date: 25/01/2017 Department of Chemical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Problem 2 For the fluidized bed problem 1, design an eight hole tuyeres distributor of the type shown
below:

Figure P2 Cap type tuyere


without an inlet orifice. The tuyere to be on a square arrangement at least 10 cm apart.

Answer: Using data from the problem 1:


Distributor type: Tuyere type distributor
Minimum allowable pitch or tuyere spacing, lor = 0.1 m
Maximum allowable jet velocity from the tuyere, uh,max = 20 m/s
Number of holes, Nh = 8
Number of orifices requried per m2 are
1 1
𝑁𝑁𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 2 = = 100 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡/𝑚𝑚2
𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (0.1)(0.1)
𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜
= 0.0121
𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜
Orifice diameter
4 𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜 1 1/2 4 1 1/2
𝑑𝑑𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = � � � � �� = � (0.0121) � �� = 0.0124 𝑚𝑚 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟒𝟒 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎
𝜋𝜋 𝑢𝑢𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑁𝑁𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝜋𝜋 100
Diameter of the hole in a single tuyere with the restriction of 20 m/s on the exit gas flow
from the holes of the tuyeres, volumetric flow rate per tuyere is:
𝜋𝜋 𝜋𝜋
(0.1)(0.1)(0.6) = 𝑁𝑁ℎ � 𝑑𝑑ℎ2 � 𝑢𝑢ℎ,𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 8 � 𝑑𝑑ℎ2 � (20)
4 4
𝒅𝒅𝒉𝒉 = 𝟎𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒎𝒎 = 𝟔𝟔. 𝟗𝟗 𝒎𝒎𝒎𝒎

Page 2 of 2

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