200930

Volume 49, Number 30
July 25, 2009

Abstract Nos. 1,003,081—1,003,680
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ABSTRACTS®
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Volume 49, Number 30 July 25, 2009 Abstract Nos. 1,003,081—1,003,680
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
Page Number
GEOLOGY ...........................................................................................................3 ..............1,003,081
GEOCHEMISTRY ................................................................................................27 ..............1,003,246
GEOPHYSICS .....................................................................................................31 ..............1,003,268
DRILLING (WELL) ...............................................................................................46 ..............1,003,368
WELL LOGGING & SURVEYING ........................................................................50 ..............1,003,406
WELL COMPL SERV & WORKOVER ...................................................................52 ..............1,003,422
PRODUCING OIL & GAS ...................................................................................58 ..............1,003,471
RESERVOIR ENG & REC METHOD .....................................................................70 ..............1,003,554
PIPELINING, SHIP & STORAGE ...........................................................................75 ..............1,003,588
ALT FUELS & ENERGY SOURCES ........................................................................83 ..............1,003,638
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS .................................................................................83 ..............1,003,642
HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRON .............................................................................87 ..............1,003,662
SCIENCE & ENGINEERING ................................................................................88 ..............1,003,673
AUTHOR AND AFFILIATION INDEX ....................................................................90 ..................********
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GEOLOGY
GEOLOGY APPALACHIAN AREA 1,003,084

APPALACHIAN TERRANES AND TERRANE ACCRETION:
PERSPECTIVE FROM THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS
ABU DHABI 1,003,081 R.D.Hatcher, Jr. (Tenn Univ, Knoxville). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
EVIDENCES FOR NEW ATTRACTIVE GAS EXPLORATION
TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS16; Available at
TARGETS IN ABU DHABI UPPER PERMIAN SECTION
http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
A.K.Taher, A.S.Al Suwaidi and A.R.Al Habshi (Abu Dhabi
[For information only - meeting paper abstract]
National Oil Co; Abu Dhabi Marine Oper Co). 16TH SPE MIDDLE
................................................................
EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009]
(Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-118276; APPALACHIAN BASIN 1,003,085
Available on CD-ROM; 14 pp; 10 refs)
The Upper Permian fluid inclusion volatile (FIV) analysis BASINWIDE STRATIGRAPHIC SYNTHESIS AND
proved the presence of strong gas migration through much of the SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY, UPPER PRAGIAN, EMSIAN
Abu Dhabi area. The fluid inclusion analysis generally observed a AND EIFELIAN STAGES (LOWER TO MIDDLE DEVONIAN),
more mature source that resulted in drier gas in the onshore area APPALACHIAN BASIN
and wetter gas to the northwest in the offshore fields. The drilling C.A.Ver Straeten (New York State Museum). DEVONIAN
results evaluation indicated the presence of significant hydrocarbon EVENTS AND CORRELATIONS [GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF
shows while drilling the Upper Permian porous carbonate intervals. LONDON SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO.278] pp.39-81, 2007.
Also, the log data indicated the presence of high hydrocarbon (ISBN 978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs)
saturation that ranges between 50 and 90% in most of the onshore A new synthesis of the Lower to Middle Devonian (upper
Upper Permian drilled structures. However, the longer diagenesis Pragian, Emsian and Eifelian) succession across the Appalachian
process and deeper depth of burial of onshore structures have Basin has been developed by high resolution event and sequence
greatly affected the reservoir properties and possibly resulted in stratigraphic analysis. The correlation of numerous marker beds
high non-hydrocarbon content. The causes of failure of some Upper and a hierarchy of cycles in the interval of the Oriskany Sandstone
Permian reservoirs in Abu Dhabi are most probably related to the to lower Hamilton Group provide a refined picture of the
limited data and experience at that time, which resulted in drilling depositional patterns, faunal changes, formation to member-level
and testing difficulties that possibly caused formation damage of (and finer) relationships, and sealevel trends. The succession begins
the Upper Permian reservoirs. Also, the seal breaching and the above the Wallbridge Unconformity, or its correlative conformity,
limited charge could not be ruled out as negative factors for lack of which lies beneath the Oriskany Sandstone, not above it as
gas accumulations in the Upper Permian section. However, the previously thought. The new sequence-stratigraphic framework of
current technology improvement in basin modeling, deep drilling Oriskany to lower Hamilton strata comprises nine "third order"
and tight reservoirs testing may turn the Upper Permian stratigraphic sequences (cycles), though an interval of some 25
negatively tested reservoirs in Abu Dhabi fields into attractive million years. At a coarse scale, the eustatic Pragian to Eifelian
exploration targets. (Copyright 2009 SPE) sea-level curve for Euramerica of Johnson et al. (1985) shows broad
................................................................ variance with the Appalachian curve, reflecting the regional
influence of the Acadian orogeny. However at the finer sequence-
ALBERTA 1,003,082 scale, the Euramerican sealevel trends are recognizable in the
Appalachian Basin succession.
CONTROLS ON ORGANIC MATTER ACCUMULATION IN
................................................................
THE MIDDLE DEVONIAN KEG RIVER FORMATION,
RAINBOW SUB-BASIN, NORTHWESTERN ALBERTA APPALACHIAN BASIN 1,003,086
N.S.Wiebe, N.Chow, L.D.Stasiuk and J.Wendte (Manitoba Univ;
Canada Geological Survey). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT PERSISTENT DEPOSITIONAL SEQUENCES AND
MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) BIOEVENTS IN THE EIFELIAN (EARLY MIDDLE
TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session GS8; Available at DEVONIAN) OF EASTERN LAURENTIA: NORTH
http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) AMERICAN EVIDENCE OF THE KACAK EVENTS?
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] M.K.Desantis, C.E.Brett and C.A.Ver Straeten (Cincinnati Univ;
................................................................ New York State Museum). DEVONIAN EVENTS AND
CORRELATIONS [GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON
ANDES MT AREA 1,003,083 SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO.278] pp.83-104, 2007. (ISBN
978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs)
INCREASED SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION RATES AND
The late Eifelian - earliest Givetian interval (Middle Devonian)
CLIMATIC FORCING IN THE CENTRAL ANDES DURING
represents a time of significant faunal turnover in the eastern
THE LATE MIOCENE
Laurentia and globally. A synthesis of biostratigraphic, K-bentonite
C.E.Uba, M.R.Strecker and A.K.Schmitt (Potsdam Univ; Calif
and sequence stratigraphic data indicates that physical and biotic
Univ, Los Angeles). GEOLOGY v.35, no.11, pp.979-982, Nov. 2007.
events in the Appalachian foreland basin sections in New York are
(ISSN 0091-7613; Over 10 refs)
coeval with the predominantly carbonate platform sections of
New zircon U-Pb ages from six volcanic ashes in the sub-
southern Ontario and Ohio. The upper Eifelian (australis to
Andean foothills provide for the first time well-constrained
ensensis conodont zones) Marcellus Subgroup in New York
depositional ages of the late Cenozoic strata in this region. The
comprises two large-scale (third order) composite depositional
radiometric ages indicate 12.4 ± 0.5 Ma, 7.93 ± 0.26 Ma, and 5.94 ±
sequences dominated by black shale, which are here assigned to the
0.20 Ma depositional ages for the bases of Yecua, Tariquia, and
Union Springs and Oatka Creek formations. The succession
Guandacay formations, respectively. We used these zircon ages to
includes portions of three distinctive benthic faunas or ecological-
determine the accumulation rates of the late Cenozoic foreland
evolutionary sub-units (EESU): Onondaga, Stony Hollow and
sediments in the sub-Andes. Our results show a fourfold increase
Hamilton. In the northern Appalachian Basin in New York, the
(from 130 to 628 m/m.y.) in sediment accumulation rates between
boundaries of these bioevents show evidence of abrupt, widespread
ca 7.9 and 6 Ma during the deposition of Andean-derived upward
extinctions, immigration and ecological restructuring. In the
coarsening and thickening sandstone-dominated Tariquia strata.
Niagara Peninsula of Ontario and from central to northern Ohio,
This increased accumulation rate correlates well with monsoon
the same sequence stratigraphic pattern and bioevents are
intensification and climate variability in South America, which was
recognized in coeval, carbonate-dominated facies. The correlations
accompanied by the development of fluvial megafan paleodrainage
underscore a relatively simple pattern of two major sequences and
networks in the central Andes. This correlation suggests that
four subsequences that can be recognized throughout much of
climate may have been an important factor between the late
eastern Laurentia. Moreover, the biotic changes appear to be
Miocene and Pliocene.
synchronous across the foreland basin and adjacent cratonic
................................................................
platform.
................................................................
July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 3

GEOLOGY
ARGENTINA 1,003,087 AUSTRALIA 1,003,090
THE PARAUTOCHTHONOUS GONDWANAN ORIGIN OF LATE NEOPROTEROZOIC REFRIGERATIONS IN
THE CUYANIA (GREATER PRECORDILLERA) TERRANE SOUTHERN AND CENTRAL AUSTRALIA, AND EARLY
OF ARGENTINA: A RE-EVALUATION OF EVIDENCE USED METAZOANS
TO SUPPORT AN ALLOCHTHONOUS LAURENTIAN R.J.F.Jenkins (Adelaide Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT
ORIGIN MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
S.C.Finney (CSU, Long Beach). GEOLOGICA ACTA v.5, no.2, TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS12; Available at
pp.127-158, 2007. (ISSN 1695-6133; Over 10 refs) http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
A substantial, diverse body of evidence has been interpreted as [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
suggesting that the Cuyania terrane of northwestern Argentina, ................................................................
which includes the Argentine Precordillera, rifted from the
Ouachita embayment of Laurentia in the Early Cambrian, drifted BAJA CALIFORNIA 1,003,091
across the Iapetus ocean as a microcontinent, and docked with the
SHAPE AND DIMENSIONS OF THE CERRO PRIETO PULL-
proto-Andean margin of Gondwana in the Mid to Late Ordovician.
APART BASIN, MEXICALI, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO,
This is the so-called Laurentian microcontinent model. However,
BASED ON THE REGIONAL SEISMIC RECORD AND
several lines of evidence (basement age and affinity, stratigraphic,
SURFACE STRUCTURES
paleomagnetic and paleobiogeographical records) also point to a
F.Suarez-Vidal, R.Mendoza-Borunda, L.M.Nafarrette-
parautochthonous origin of this terrane. In this parautochthonous
Zamarripa, J.Ramirez and E.Glowacka (CICESE; Baja California
model, Cuyania migrated along a transform fault from a position on
Auton Univ). INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW v.50, no.7,
the southern margin of West Gondwana (present coordinates) in the
pp.636-649, July 2008. (ISSN 0020-6814; Over 10 refs)
Mid Ordovician to its modern position outboard of the Famatina
The Salton Trough is a wide, actively subsiding basin where a
magmatic belt in Devonian time. With regard to basement age and
system of an en-echelon dextral transform faults and pull-apart
characteristics, recently acquired U-Pb geochronology of detrital
basins is operating. This tectonic province represents the
zircons from Cambrian and Ordovician sandstones and of zircons
connection between the Gulf of California fault system and the San
from igneous clasts in an Ordovician conglomerate are difficult to
Andreas transform fault. Within the depression, several sub-basins,
explain with the Laurentian model and indicate, instead, a
such as the Cerro Prieto geothermal field in Mexicali, Baja
Gondwanan origin of the Cuyania terrane.
California, Mexico, represent an incipient spreading center along
................................................................
the southern limits of the Salton Trough. The Cerro Prieto Basin
ARGENTINA 1,003,088 has developed between two major, subparallel, right-stepping active
transforms--the Imperial and Cerro Prieto faults. General
DIAGENESIS OF A BIOCLASTIC OYSTER DEPOSIT FROM agreement exists regarding the regional tectonic interpretation of
THE LOWER CRETACEOUS (CHACHAO FORMATION) the Cerro Prieto Basin; however, published documentation is
NEUQUEN BASIN, MENDOZA PROVINCE, ARGENTINA lacking regarding its shape and dimensions. Our study shows that
R.M.Palma, G.S.Bressan and D.A.Kietzmann (Buenos Aires the most important factor controlling formation of the Cerro Prieto
Univ; CONICET). CARBONATES AND EVAPORITES v.23, no.1, pull-apart basin is the slip on the Cerro Prieto and Imperial faults.
pp.39-49, June 2008. (ISSN 0891-2556; Over 10 refs) This tectonic activity has triggered subsidence in the intervening
The Lower Cretaceous Chachao Formation in the Malargue area, creating several subsurface normal faults, oriented oblique
anticline area consists of wackestone, packstone, and minor and parallel to the major strands, that control the subsidence. All of
grainstone and mudstone rich in benthonic fauna that were this has resulted in the development of a NE-SW trending,
deposited in a carbonate ramp. The carbonate diagenesis in the immature, pull-apart basin with an areal extent of 183 sq km.
Valanginian Chachao Formation contains many processes with Thus, the Cerro Prieto Basin is an important structure in terms of
conspicuous effects, including micritization, dissolution, geology and geothermal resources.
neomorphism, and cementation. The early diagenetic process is ................................................................
characterized by micritization, dissolution and mineralogic
stabilization of components, and earlier cement phase represented BIODIVERSITY 1,003,092
by micrite cement and isopachous calcite cement, which have
SYMMETRIC WAXING AND WANING OF MARINE
petrographic characteristics consistent with precipitation in a
INVERTEBRATE GENERA
marine-phreatic diagenetic environment. Later diagenetic
M.Foote (Chicago Univ). PALEOBIOLOGY v.33, no.4,
phenomena include granular calcite and syntaxial cement. Both
pp.517-529, Fall 2007. (ISSN 0094-8373; Over 10 refs)
cement types are interpreted as typical of a meteoric-phreatic
Occurrence data from the paleobiology database are used to
environment. Concentric-zoning pattern of alternating dull, and
analyze the waxing and waning of genera over time. Irrespective of
blotchy- to bright-luminescent zones is interpreted as being caused
whether we tabulate species richness, frequency of occurrence,
by a decrease in redox potential (Eh), under conditions of a
geographic range, or other measures, the average rise and fall of
progressive marine burial meteoric-phreatic diagenetic
genera is remarkably symmetrical. Genera tend already to be in a
environment. Geochemical data (Sr++, Na+, Mg++, Fe++, Mn++) and
state of decline when they become extinct. Genera that last appear
SEM features of the micrite suggest that original calcareous mud
in the major mass extinction stages, however, are more frequently
could have been calcite dominated (CDP). The δ18O composition of
truncated while they are holding steady or even increasing. This
the granular calcite cement ranging from -2.84 per mill to -4.27 per
need not imply that mass extinctions are qualitatively different
mill PDB and the δ13C values of the cement between -2.46 per mill
from other events; it is consistent with the expected effects of
and -3.50 per mill PDB are compatible with precipitation from a
simply increasing the magnitude of extinction. For reasons that are
fluid that evolved from meteoric-phreatic composition.
not completely clear, post-Paleozoic genera show less of a rise and
................................................................
fall on average and tend to be less symmetrical than do Paleozoic
ATLANTIC CANADA 1,003,089 genera.
................................................................
ATLANTIC CANADA EXPLORATION: YESTERDAY, TODAY
AND TOMORROW BRAZIL 1,003,093
M.E.Enachescu and J.R.Hogg (Husky Oil Operations Ltd;
SILURIAN AND LOWER DEVONIAN CHITINOZOAN
PanCanadian Petroleum Ltd). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT
TAXONOMY AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE
MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
TROMBETAS GROUP, AMAZONAS BASIN, NORTHERN
TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1; Available at
BRAZIL
Y.Grahn (Rio de Janeiro State Univ). BULLETIN OF
GEOSCIENCES v.80, no.4, pp.245-276, 2005. (ISSN 1802-8225;
................................................................
Over 10 refs)
4 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

GEOLOGY
Silurian and Devonian (Lower Lochkovian) chitinozoans from constrained by the main Proterozoic orogenic trends of the Ribeira
the Trombetas Group, and the basal Jatapu Member of the Belt (NE-SW) and the Vitoria-Colatina Belt (NNW-SSE). As the
Maecuru Formation, have been studied in outcrops and shallow basement involved structures observed in Campos Basin can be
borings from the Amazonas Basin, northern Brazil. Outcrops were attributed to general geodynamic processes, it is suggested that
examined along the Trombetas River and its tributaries, the basement tectonic reactivation can be as relevant as isostatic
Cachorro and Mapuera rivers, situated on the northern margin of adjustment and detached thin-skinned tectonics on the structural
the Amazonas Basin, and from shallow borings in the Pitinga evolution of divergent margin settings. (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.)
Formation along the Xingu River at Altamira and Belo Monte, ................................................................
together with outcrops along Igarape da Rainha and Igarape
Ipiranga on the southern margin of the Amazonas Basin. In BRAZIL 1,003,096
addition, nine deep borings in the central part of the Amazonas
EVOLUTION OF A RIFT BASIN DOMINATED BY
Basin were used as reference sections. The chitinozoans confirm a
SUBAERIAL DEPOSITS: THE GUARITAS RIFT, EARLY
Llandovery (Late Rhuddanian - Late Telychian) to Early Wenlock
CAMBRIAN, SOUTHERN BRAZIL
(Sheinwoodian) age for the lower part of the Pitinga Formation, and
R.P.de Almeida, L.Janikian, A.R.S.Fragoso-Cesar and
a Ludlow to Early Pridoli age for the upper part of the Pitinga
A.Marconato (Sao Paulo Univ). SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY v.217,
Formation. The overlying Manacapuru Formation is comprised of
nos.1-4, pp.30-51, 5/15/2009. (ISSN 0037-0738; Over 10 refs)
lower Pridoli rocks in the basal part, but middle and upper Pridoli
Most existing models for the evolution of rift basins predict the
strata are missing. The upper part of the formation and the basal
development of deep-water depositional systems during the stage of
part of the Jatapu Member of the Maecuru Formation consist of
greatest tectonic subsidence, when accommodation generation
Lower Lochkovian rocks.
potentially outpaces sedimentation. Despite this, some rift basins
................................................................
do not present deep-water systems, instead being dominated by
BRAZIL 1,003,094 subaerial deposits. This paper focuses on one of these particular rift
basins, the Cambrian Guaritas Rift, Southern Brazil, characterized
PETROGRAPHIC AND SEISMIC EVIDENCE FOR THE by more than 1500 m of alluvial and aeolian strata deposited in a
DEPOSITIONAL SETTING OF GIANT TURBIDITE 50-km-wide basin. The deposits of the Guaritas Rift can be ascribed
RESERVOIRS AND THE PALEOGEOGRAPHIC to four depositional systems: basin-border alluvial fans, bed-load-
EVOLUTION OF CAMPOS BASIN, OFFSHORE BRAZIL dominated ephemeral rivers, mixed-load ephemeral rivers and
M.Fetter, L.F.De Ros and C.H.L.Bruhn (Petrobras E&P; Rio aeolian dune fields. These four systems are in part coeval and in
Grande Sul Fed Univ). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY part succeed each other, forming three stages of basin evolution: (i)
v.26, no.6, pp.824-853, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) Rift Initiation to Early Rift Climax stage, (ii) Mid to Late Rift
The paleogeographic evolution of Campos Basin, a major oil Climax stage, and (iii) Early Post-Rift stage. The first stage
province of Brazil, during the deposition of its giant turbidite comprises most of the Guaritas Group and is characterized by
reservoirs, was reinterpreted based on the integration of homogeneous bed-load-dominated river deposits, which do not
quantitative sandstone petrography and structural analysis of clearly record the evolution of subsidence rates. The onset of
regional 3D seismic data. The major detrital compositional trends sedimentation of finer-grained deposits occurred as a consequence
indicate that the geodynamic evolution of the continental margin, of a reactivation event that changed the outline of the basin and the
rather than global eustatic sea-level fluctuations, has exerted the distribution of the nearby highlands. This strongly suggests that
main control on sand supply to the deepwater systems. This control the capture of the main river system to another depression
was imposed by the interaction of three geodynamic processes: (i) decreased the sediment supply to the basin. ... (c2009 Elsevier B.V.)
escarpment retreat of the coastal mountain ridges, (ii) mantle (Longer abstract available)
plume-related dynamic uplift and magmatic activity, and (iii) ................................................................
tectonic reactivation of major basement fault-zones. The pattern of
distribution of compositional and textural parameters within the BRITISH COLUMBIA 1,003,097
turbidite sequences indicated that the sand supply to deepwater
FACIES AND DOLOMITIZATION OF THE MIDDLE
was also constrained by high-frequency stratigraphic processes of
DEVONIAN DUNEDIN AND KEG RIVER FORMATIONS,
the climate Milankovitch band. This new approach to the controls
NORTHEASTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA
on the formation of the sand-rich, deepwater systems in Campos
L.M.Nadjiwon, D.W.Morrow and M.Conglio (Waterloo Univ;
Basin has a key importance for the generation of realistic models
Canada Geological Survey). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT
for the exploration of new turbidite reservoirs and for the optimized
MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
development of producing turbidite oilfields in such a world-class
TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session GS8; Available at
hydrocarbon province. The proposed integrated methodology can
help to unravel the controls on the deposition of deepwater sand-
rich, deepwater reservoirs in other divergent margin settings.
................................................................
(c2008 Elsevier Ltd.)
................................................................ BRUNEI 1,003,098
BRAZIL 1,003,095 "VERTICALLY TRANSFERRED" OVERPRESSURES IN
BRUNEI: EVIDENCE FOR A NEW MECHANISM FOR THE
THE ROLE OF BASEMENT TECTONIC REACTIVATION ON
FORMATION OF HIGH-MAGNITUDE OVERPRESSURE
THE STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF CAMPOS BASIN,
M.R.P.Tingay, R.R.Hillis, R.E.Swarbrick, C.K.Morley and
OFFSHORE BRAZIL: EVIDENCE FROM 3D SEISMIC
A.R.Damit (Adelaide Univ; GeoPressure Technology; PTT Explor &
ANALYSIS AND SECTION RESTORATION
Prod Co Ltd; Brunei Shell Petroleum). GEOLOGY v.35, no.11,
M.Fetter (Petrobras E&P). MARINE AND PETROLEUM
pp.1023-1026, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0091-7613; Over 10 refs)
GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, pp.873-886, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172;
Overpressures in sedimentary basins are commonly assumed to
Over 10 refs)
be the result of two distinct and separate mechanisms:
The structural analysis of regional 3D seismic data shows
disequilibrium compaction and fluid expansion. However, the
evidence of long-term tectonic inheritance in Campos Basin,
potential for overpressures to be redistributed or transferred to
offshore Brazil. Main Lower Cretaceous rift structures controlled
other pressure compartments over time has been seldom considered
themselves by strike-slip deformation belts related to Proterozoic
and rarely demonstrated. Pore-pressure data and velocity-effective
orogenic events, have been episodically reactivated during the
stress plots from 61 fields across the Baram Delta province of
divergent margin phase of Campos Basin, from the Albian to the
Brunei (northwest Borneo) reveal that two different types of
Miocene. Balanced cross-sections of major salt structures indicate
overpressure occur in stratigraphically defined sections: the basal
that such tectonic reactivations have been controlling thin-skinned
pro-delta shales contain overpressures generated by disequilibrium
salt tectonics, triggering pulses of gravitational gliding above the
compaction, whereas the overlying sand/shale deltaic sequence
Aptian salt detachment. Additionally, major basin features like the
contains overpressures that appear to be generated by fluid
Neogene progradation front and the salt tectonic domains are

GEOLOGY
expansion. However, the geology of the deltaic sequences and high Turkstan-Alay ranges are combined in a common section with
magnitude of the pore pressures precludes the overpressures in the limestone of autochthon and synsedimentation carbonate nappes,
deltaic sequences being generated by any conventional fluid thus forming the uppermost layers of the stratigraphic section of
expansion mechanism, such as kerogen-to-gas maturation or clay the latter. The following sequence of events has been outlined in the
diagenesis. The fluid expansion overpressures are located in fields Early and Middle Carboniferous: (1) thrusting of volcanic-
that were inverted during the Pliocene, an event that resulted in sedimentary rocks filling troughs over the northern margins of
large-scale fluid migration from the pro-delta shales into the deltaic carbonate platforms; (2) lateritic weathering and deposition of
sequences, including charging of the numerous oil fields in the marine bauxite in the Bashkirian and early Moscovian; (3) repeated
inner shelf. Hence, we propose that the overpressures in Brunei overthrusting and deposition of preflysch on southern slopes of
provide the first evidence for a new overpressuring mechanism platforms; (4) invasion of the frontal flysch trough from the south;
whereby overpressured fluids have been vertically transferred from (5) scouring of preflysch and the underlying limestone; and (6)
the pro-delta shales into the deltaic sequences during basin formation of flysch-olistostrome sequences and tectonic and gravity
inversion. nappes in the late Moscovian time. This interpretation takes into
................................................................ account the southward vergence of thrust sheets and nappes, the
structure and localization of allochthonous fragments of marginal
BRYOZOA 1,003,099 zones of carbonate platforms, and the pre-Bashkirian thrusting of
volcanic and sedimentary rocks over the condensed pelagic deposits
BRYOZOAN PALEOECOLOGY INDICATES MID-
of the Shalan Group. It is suggested that bauxite and preflysch
PHANEROZOIC EXTINCTIONS WERE THE PRODUCT OF
materials had the same source and were deposited in the Middle
LONG-TERM ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS
Carboniferous on the offshore carbonate shoals.
C.M.Powers and D.J.Bottjer (Southern California Univ).
................................................................
GEOLOGY v.35, no.11, pp.995-998, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0091-7613;
Over 10 refs) CHILE 1,003,102
We compiled the global onshore-offshore distribution of marine
bryozoans within 396 Permian-Early Jurassic bryozoan MANGANESE NODULES IN THE MIOCENE BAHIA
assemblages and show that bryozoan assemblage generic richness INGLESA FORMATION, NORTH-CENTRAL CHILE:
declined significantly in advance of the end-Permian and end- PETROGRAPHY, GEOCHEMISTRY, GENESIS AND
Triassic mass extinctions, starting as early as the Capitanian prior PALAEOCEANOGRAPHIC SIGNIFICANCE
to the end-Permian and the Norian prior to the end-Triassic. We L.E.Achurra, J.P.Lacassie, J.P.Le Roux, C.Marquardt, M.Belmar,
also show that offshore settings were affected first, prior to both J.Ruiz-del-Solar and S.E.Ishman (Chile Univ; SERNAGEOMIN;
extinctions, suggesting that environmental stress resulted from the Illinois Univ, Carbondale). SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY v.217,
gradual encroachment of some deep-water phenomenon onto the nos.1-4, pp.128-139, 5/15/2009. (ISSN 0037-0738; Over 10 refs)
shelves. These patterns support long-term oceanographic, rather Manganese nodules recovered from two stratigraphic horizons
than extraterrestrial, extinction mechanisms, such as widespread of Tortonian-Messinian (late Miocene) age in the Bahia Inglesa
euxinia triggered by massive volcanism and global warming. Formation of north-central Chile were studied using XRD, SEM
Tracking the onshore-offshore environmental distribution of these and geochemical analysis. The dominant mineral in the nodules is
marine invertebrates provides a unique approach to assessing todorokite, which suggests a diagenetic, marine environment. This
prolonged environmentally induced stress through this ca 120 m.y. is supported by field observations of nodules replacing
time interval. Ophiomorpha burrows. Preliminary, traditional statistical analysis
................................................................ of the nodule geochemistry, including single element, binary and
ternary ratios, suggests that the nodules are of the supergene, deep
CADIZ GULF 1,003,100 marine type, as also indicated by the presence of foraminifers
typical of the upper continental slope, as well as debris flow and
HEAT FLOW ANOMALIES IN THE GULF OF CADIZ AND
turbidity current deposits in an associated submarine
OFF CAPE SAN VINCENTE, PORTUGAL
palaeocanyon. However, abnormally low Cu concentrations seem to
I.Grevemeyer, N.Kaul and A.Kopf (Leibniz Inst Marine Sci;
contradict this interpretation, so that additional analyses were
Bremen Univ). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26,
carried out. This included multiple discriminant analysis (MDA),
no.6, pp.795-804, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs)
as well as a new technique applied for the first time to manganese
Heat flow anomalies provide critical information in active
nodules, namely artificial neural network analysis (ANN). In both
tectonic environments. The Gulf of Cadiz and adjacent areas are
methods central log-ratio (CLR) normalization was applied to the
affected by the plate convergence between Africa and Europe,
raw data. The results, in particular those of the ANN analysis,
causing widespread deformation and faulting. Active thrust faults
suggest that the Bahia Inglesa nodules present a chemical
cause lateral movement and advection of heat that produces
signature distinct from that of nodules described to date. A new
systematic variations in surface heat flow. In December 2003 new
class is therefore proposed, namely supergene intermediate marine
heat flow data were collected during the research vessel Sonne
(partially restricted basin). (c2009 Elsevier B.V.)
cruise SO175 in the Gulf of Cadiz over two sites of recent focused
................................................................
research activity: (i) the Gulf of Cadiz sedimentary prism and (ii)
the Marques de Pombal escarpment. Both features have also been CHINA 1,003,103
discussed as potential source areas of the Great Lisbon earthquake
and tsunami of 1755. Background heat flow at the eastern terminus RESERVOIRING MECHANISM OF COALBED METHANE IN
of the Horseshoe abyssal plain is about 52-59 mW/m2. Over the SOUTHERN QINSHUI BASIN
Gulf of Cadiz prism, heat flow decreases from ca 57 mW/m2 to X.Y.Lin and X.B.Su (Henan Univ Technology). NATURAL GAS
unusually low values of 45 mW/m2 roughly 120 km eastward. Such INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.2a,8-11,
low values and the heat flow trend are typical for active thrusting, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; Over 10 refs; In Chinese)
supporting the idea of an east-dipping thrust fault. ... (c2008 [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available) ................................................................
................................................................
CHINA 1,003,104
CENTRAL ASIA 1,003,101
RESERVOIRING MECHANISM OF COALBED METHANE
THE UPPER PALEOZOIC PREFLYSCH AND AND EXPLORATION DIRECTION IN HAILAER BASIN
OVERTHRUSTING IN THE TURKSTAN-ALAY RANGES, B.Sun, L.Y.Shao, Q.B.Zhao and Q.S.Hu (China Univ Mining
SOUTHERN FERGANA Technol; PetroChina). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI
V.I.Belousov (Kyrghyz Geophys Expedition). GEOTECTONICS GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.2a,12-15, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 6
v.41, no.5, pp.392-402, Sept.-Oct. 2007. (ISSN 0016-8521; Over 10 refs; In Chinese)
refs) [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
The Upper Paleozoic preflysch sedimentary rocks in the ................................................................

GEOLOGY
CHINA 1,003,105 Over 10 refs)
Mesozoic basins in the Yanshan belt of northern China record
FISSION TRACK ANALYSIS OF MESOZOIC-CENOZOIC two episodes of shortening during the Late Triassic and Late
THERMAL HISTORY IN NORTHEAST SICHUAN BASIN Jurassic that span the transition from retroarc deformation and
C.B.Shen, L.F.Mei and T.L.Guo (China Univ Geosci, Wuhan; basin formation to continental intraplate deformation. Gravel
Sinopec). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) braided river depositional systems in the Upper Triassic
v.27, no.7, pp.3a-4a,24-26, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; Over 10 Xingshikou Formation show provenance form the north and become
refs; In Chinese) relatively more distal southward onto the North China Block.
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] These relationships are interpreted as a foreland basin system,
................................................................ southward of a retro-arc, and later collisional, fold-thrust belt. The
Triassic basin shows widely correlative stratigraphy, simple
CHINA 1,003,106
proximal-to-distal relationships, and uniformly south-directed
MAIN CONTROL FACTORS OF HYDROCARBON paleocurrents that suggest a simple integrated foreland basin. In
RESERVOIRING IN FORELAND THRUST BELT IN contrast, the Upper Jurassic Tuchengzi Formation is characterized
SOUTHERN JUNGGAR BASIN by coarse conglomerates with rapid facies changes, lateral non-
F.J.Jiang, Z.X.Jiang, X.Q.Pang and F.H.Tian (China Univ uniformity, and local provenance, which argues for deposition in a
Petroleum). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) broken foreland setting, with local high-gradient depositional
v.27, no.7, pp.4a,27-30, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; Over 10 refs; systems dominant.
In Chinese) ................................................................
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
................................................................ CHINA 1,003,110
THE PRELUDE OF THE END-PERMIAN MASS
CHINA 1,003,107
EXTINCTION PREDATES A POSTULATED BOLIDE
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PALEOGENE IMPACT
FUNING FORMATION RESERVOIRS IN GAOYOU SAG, H.Yin, Q.Feng, A.Baud, S.Xie, M.J.Benton, X.Lai and D.J.Bottjer
SUBEI BASIN (China Univ Geosci, Wuhan; Lausanne Geology Museum; Bristol
Q.Fu, Y.L.Ji, Y.R.Liu and X.G.Wu (Tongji Univ; Sinopec). Univ). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES
NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, v.96, no.5, pp.903-909, Oct. 2007. (ISSN 1437-3254; Over 10 refs)
pp.4a-5a,31-34, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; Over 10 refs; In The mass extinction at the Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB) is
Chinese) said to have been abrupt and probably caused by an
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] extraterrestrial impact. However, evidence from the global
................................................................ stratotype section and point (GSSP) of the base of the Induan at
Meishan, China, shows that the biotic crisis began prior to the level
CHINA 1,003,108 at which the postulated impact event occurred in beds 25 and 26.
Evidence of such an earlier biotic crisis occurs in other sections in
DIAGENETIC HISTORY OF TIGHT SANDSTONES AND GAS South China and in central and western Tethyan regions. This
ENTRAPMENT IN THE YULIN GAS FIELD IN THE event is characterized by the extinction of a range of faunas,
CENTRAL AREA OF THE ORDOS BASIN, CHINA including corals, deep-water radiolarians, most fusulinids and
L.Zhang, G.Bai, X.Luo, X.Ma, M.Chen, M.Wu and W.Yang pseudotirolitid ammonoids, and many Permian brachiopods. In all
(Chinese Academy Sciences; China Univ Petroleum; Res Inst Petrol sections, this extinction level is usually a few decimeters to meters
Explor Dev). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, below that of the main mass extinction in the event beds (25 and
pp.974-989, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) 26) at Meishan, and their correlatives elsewhere. This earlier
The Ordos Basin is a large cratonic basin with an area of extinction event happened before the postulated bolide impact at
250,000 km2 in central China. Upper Paleozoic coals and shales the level of beds 25 and 26, and constrains interpretation of the
serve as gas source rocks with peak generation and migration at mechanisms that brought about this greatest mass extinction.
the end of the early Cretaceous. Recent exploration has verified the ................................................................
huge gas potential in the "basin-centered gas accumulation system"
(BCGAS). However, the mechanism for the gas accumulation is COALBED METHANE 1,003,111
controversial. With an integrated approach of thin-section
petrography, ultra-violet fluorescence microscopy, fluid inclusion DAMAGE OF ACTIVE GROUNDWATER TO COALBED
microthermometry, Raman microspectrometry, scanning electron METHANE RESERVOIRS AND ITS PHYSICAL
microscopy, and X-ray diffractometry, we identified diagenetic SIMULATION
trapping and evaluated the diagenetic history of sandstone Z.H.Chen, Y.Song, B.Wang and H.Y.Wang (Guangzhou Inst
reservoirs in the Yulin Gas Field in the central area, where Geochem; PetroChina). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI
structural, stratigraphic and/or sedimentary lithologic traps have GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.2a-3a,16-18, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8
not been found. It was revealed that three phases of diagenesis and refs; In Chinese)
hydrocarbon charging occurred, respectively, in the late Triassic, [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
late Jurassic and at the end of the early Cretaceous. In the first two ................................................................
phases, acidic water entered the reservoir and caused dissolution
and cementation, resulting in porosity increase. However, further COALBED METHANE 1,003,112
subsidence and diagenesis, including compaction and cementation, MECHANISM ON THE ACCUMULATION OF OVER-
markedly reduced the pore space. At the end of the early SATURATED CBM GAS RESERVOIRS
Cretaceous, the bulk of the gas migrated into the tight reservoirs, Q.Zhao, H.Y.Wang, Y.S.Kang and H.L.Liu (PetroChina; China
and the BCGAS trap was formed. ... (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer Univ Petroleum). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI
abstract available) GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.3a,19-23, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8
................................................................ refs; In Chinese)
CHINA 1,003,109
................................................................
EARLY MESOZOIC BASIN DEVELOPMENT AND ITS
RESPONSE TO THRUSTING IN THE YANSHAN FOLD-AND- COALBED METHANE 1,003,113
THRUST BELT, CHINA EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ADSORPTION AND
S.Liu, J.Zhang, S.Hong and B.D.Ritts (China Univ Geosci, DESORPTION OF COALBED METHANE UNDER THREE-
Beijing; Chinese Academy Sciences; China Earthquake Admin; DIMENSIONAL STRESS
Indiana Univ, Bloomington). INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY J.P.Tang, Y.S.Pan, C.Q.Li and Z.X.Dong (Peking Univ; Liaoning
REVIEW v.49, no.11, pp.1025-1049, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0020-6814; Technical Univ). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI

GEOLOGY
GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.5a,35-38, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; and seismic investigation. Some remarks refer to petroleum
Over 10 refs; In Chinese) geology.
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] ................................................................
................................................................
CZECH REPUBLIC 1,003,118
CORDILLERAN AREA 1,003,114
CENOMANIAN AND CENOMANIAN-TURONIAN
A CORDILLERAN MODEL FOR THE EVOLUTION OF BOUNDARY IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE
AVALONIA AND RELATED PERI-GONDWANAN TERRANES BOHEMIAN CRETACEOUS BASIN, CZECH REPUBLIC
R.D.Nance, J.D.Keppie and J.B.Murphy (Ohio Univ; Mexico Nac S.Cech, L.Hradecka, M.Svobodova and L.Svabenicka (Czech
Auton Univ; St Francis Xavier Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT Geological Survey; Czech Academy Sciences). BULLETIN OF
MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) GEOSCIENCES v.80, no.4, pp.321-354, 2005. (ISSN 1802-8225;
TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS12; Available at Over 10 refs)
http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) Initial transgressive Cretaceous deposits are described from
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] boreholes in the southern part of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin,
................................................................ i.e. siliciclastic sediments of Cenomanian age (Peruc-Korycany
Formation), and hemipelagic marlstones and limestones of the
CORE ANALYSIS 1,003,115 Turonian age (Bila Hora Formation). Transgressive successions
include fluvial, supratidal marsh, estuarine tidal flat and channel,
RELOCATING AND ORIENTATING CORES BY THE
estuarine and mouth sand, inner shelf and open marine facies
INTEGRATION OF ELECTRICAL AND OPTICAL IMAGES: A
assemblages interpreted on the basis of sedimentological and
CASE STUDY FROM ODP HOLE 735B
paleontological features. Fluvial-estuarine facies filled an incised
S.L.Haggas, T.S.Brewer and P.K.Harvey (Leicester Univ).
valley that formed a tributary of the main paleovalley in the central
ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland,
part of the basin. Fluvial facies are characterized by either the
5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS5;
prevalence of spores and the presence of freshwater green algae
Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
(swampy conditions), or the prevalence of angiosperm pollen grains
(alluvial plain assemblage). Marsh and estuarine facies are
................................................................
characterized by the presence of marine microplankton tolerant to
CYPRUS 1,003,116 changing salinity conditions, acritarchs, prasinophycean algae,
agglutinated foraminifers, thick-walled spores, and halophyte and
THE ONSET OF THE MESSINIAN SALINITY CRISIS: taxodiaceous pollen. Inner shelf facies exhibit rare sporomorphs
INSIGHTS FROM CYPRUS SECTIONS (often thick-walled), increase of gonyaulacean dinocyst, marine
F.Orszag-Sperber, A.Caruso, M.M.Blanc-Valleron, D.Merle and macrofauna, foraminifers with non-keeled planktonic foraminifera,
J.M.Rouchy (Paris Sud Univ; Palermo Univ; Pierre & Marie Curie and sparse calcareous nannofossils. Open shelf facies are
Univ). SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY v.217, nos.1-4, pp.52-64, characterized by hemipelagic sediments containing keeled
5/15/2009. (ISSN 0037-0738; Over 10 refs) planktonic foraminifers and diverse calcareous nannofossils.
The Neogene basins of Southern Cyprus provide a good Concerning calcareous nannofossils, the base of the Turonian is
opportunity to improve the knowledge of the paleoenvironmental marked by the first occurrence of Eprolithus octopetalus just above
changes involved in the triggering of the Messinian evaporite prominent erosion surface at the base of the Bila Hora Formation.
deposition in the Mediterranean, and of their chronology, which is ................................................................
still questionable with regards to the parameters responsible for
the triggering of the salinity crisis. It is still difficult to discriminate EAST INDIAN OCEAN 1,003,119
the individual effects of tectonics, climate, global sea-level changes.
REAPPRAISAL OF EARLY PALEOGENE CCD CURVES:
In Cyprus, considerable progress has been made on the events
FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES AND STABLE CARBON
leading to the MSC, since the 70’s, in high-resolution microfossil
ISOTOPES ACROSS THE CARBONATE FACIES OF PERTH
biostratigraphy, astrochronology, cyclostratigraphy and
ABYSSAL PLAIN
magnetostratigraphy. A study of the Tochni section, in the
H.J.L.Hancock, G.R.Dickens, E.Thomas and K.L.Blake (James
Psematismemos Basin, correlated with previously studied sections
Cook Univ; Rice Univ; Yale Univ). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
in the western Polemi and Pissouri basins, allows these regional
OF EARTH SCIENCES v.96, no.5, pp.925-946, Oct. 2007. (ISSN
paleoenvironmental changes to be correlated with the major events
1437-3254; Over 10 refs)
identified in other Mediterranean basins. The depth of the basins,
Bulk carbonate content, planktic and benthic foraminiferal
in which evaporites were deposited, and the increase of salinity
assemblages, stable isotope compositions of bulk carbonate and
leading to the formation of evaporites are better constrained and
Nuttallides truempyi (benthic foraminifera), and non-carbonate
studies confirm that restriction proceeded by steps throughout the
mineralogy were examined across ca 30 m of carbonate-rich
Mediterranean. The very short time involved in the triggering of
Paleogene sediment at Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 259,
the onset of evaporite deposition in Cyprus basins is marked by
on Perth Abyssal Plain off Western Australia. A prominent benthic
tectonic instability, and development of very shallow water fauna
foraminiferal extinction event (BFEE) occurs across the clay-rich
and microbial communities indicating the water level lowered
horizon, with an influx of large Acarinina immediately above. The
significantly just before the beginning of the massive gypsum
δ13C records of bulk carbonate and N. truempyi exhibit trends
precipitation. ... (c2009 Elsevier B.V.) (Longer abstract available)
similar to those observed in upper Paleocene - lower Eocene (ca
................................................................
57-52 Ma) sediment from other locations. Two successive decreases
CZECH REPUBLIC 1,003,117 in bulk carbonate and N. truempyi δ13C of 0.5 and 1.0 per mill
characterize the interval at and immediately above the BFEE.
THE JURASSIC FLOOR OF THE BOHEMIAN MASSIF IN Despite major changes in carbonate content, foraminiferal
MORAVIA - GEOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY assemblages and carbon isotopes, the mineralogy of the non-
J.Adamek (Czech Geological Survey). BULLETIN OF carbonate fraction consistently comprises expanding clay,
GEOSCIENCES v.80, no.4, pp.291-305, 2005. (ISSN 1802-8225; heulandite (zeolite), quartz, feldspar (sodic or calcic), minor mica,
Over 10 refs) and pyrolusite (MnO2). The uniformity of this mineral assemblage
The lithofacies, paleogeography, and tectonics of the Jurassic suggests that Site 259 received similar non-carbonate sediment
sediments were studied in the footwall of the Carpathian Foredeep before, during and after pelagic carbonate deposition. The
and outer units of the Carpathian Flysch Belt in southern Moravia. carbonate plug at Site 259 probably represents a drop in the CCD
The major lithofacies were correlated and shown in a set of well from ca 57 to 52-51 Ma, as also recognized at other locations.
logs and regional geological cross-sections. The distribution of facies ................................................................
types is demonstrated in their thicknesses and geological
structures. Both cross sections and regional maps (structural and
thickness maps) include information based on deep borehole data

GEOLOGY
EAST MEDITERRANEAN SEA 1,003,120 distal to Acadian source terrains. The major Algonquin-Findlay
Arch, which presently separates the Michigan Basin from the
MUD VOLCANOES AND GAS HYDRATES IN THE Appalachian foreland basin, was not present during deposition of
ANAXIMANDER MOUNTAINS (EASTERN these strata.
MEDITERRANEAN SEA) ................................................................
V.Lykousis, S.Alexandri, J.Woodside, G.de Lange, A.Dahlmann,
C.Perissoratis, K.Heeschen, C.Ioakim, D.Sakellariou et al. (Hellenic EDIACARAN 1,003,123
Centre Marine Res). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
v.26, no.6, pp.854-872, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) EVOLUTION, ENVIRONMENT AND PROVINCES OF THE
Detailed multibeam, sedimentological, and geophysical surveys EDIACARA BIOTA: TOWARD A SUBDIVISION OF THE
provide ample new data to confirm that the Anaximander TERMINAL PROTEROZOIC
Mountains (Eastern Mediterranean) are an important area for J.G.Gehling (South Australian Museum). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
active mud volcanism and gas hydrate formation. More than 3000 JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
km of multibeam track length was acquired during two recent TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS12; Available at
missions and 80 gravity and box cores were recovered. Morphology http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
and backscatter data of the study area have better resolution than [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
previous surveys, and very detailed morphology maps have been ................................................................
made of the known targeted mud volcanoes (Amsterdam, Kazan
and Kula), especially the Amsterdam "crater" and the related mud EDIACARAN 1,003,124
breccia flows. Gas hydrates collected repeatedly from a large area of FACIES, TIME, AND GEOGRAPHY IN THE STRUCTURING
Amsterdam mud volcano at a sub-bottom depth of around 0.3-1.5 m OF EDIACARAN ASSEMBLAGES
resemble compacted snow and have a rather flaky form. New gas B.Waggoner (Central Arkansas Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
hydrate sites were found at Amsterdam mud volcano, including the JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
mud flow sloping off to the south. Gas hydrates sampled for the TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS12; Available at
first time at Kazan mud volcano are dispersed throughout the core http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
samples deeper than 0.3 m and display a "rice"-like appearance. [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
Relative chronology and AMS dating of interbedded pelagic ................................................................
sediments (Late Holocene hemipelagic, sapropel layer S1 and ash
layers) within the mud flows indicate that successive eruptions of EGYPT 1,003,125
Kula mud volcano have a periodicity of about 5-10 kyrs. ... (c2008
Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available) UPPER CRETACEOUS FACIES DEVELOPMENT AND
................................................................ DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS, GEBEL SOMAR AREA,
NORTH CENTRAL SINAI, EGYPT
EASTERN NORTH AMERICA 1,003,121 M.D.Samuel, A.I.M.Akarish and A.H.Zaky (National Res Ctr
(Egypt)). CARBONATES AND EVAPORITES v.23, no.1, pp.60-75,
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES OF THE PRECAMBRIAN June 2008. (ISSN 0891-2556; Over 10 refs)
BASEMENT IN THE ST. LAWRENCE ESTUARY REGION Facies analysis of the exposed Upper Cretaceous sequence at
INTERPRETED FROM MAGNETIC, GRAVITY AND Gebel Somar area revealed that the Cenomanian-Turonian
SEISMIC DATA carbonates are related either to platform-epicontinental sea or to
M.Lamontagne, P.Keating and S.Perreault (Canada Geological deeper shelf-margin carbonates. Their microfacies types are
Survey; Geologie Quebec). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING equivalent to the standard microfacies (SMF) types, namely the
(St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL bioclastic wackestone or bioclastic micrite (SMF-9) of shallow open
PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS16; Available at http://gac.ca as of marine platform facies (FZ.7), rudstone with reef debris (SMF-6)
4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) accumulated in fore-reef slope (FZ.4) and hemipelagic wackestone
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] (SMF-3) deposited under deep shelf marginal conditions (FZ.3). The
................................................................ Coniacian-Santonian rocks show rapid facies change and manifest
oscillating depositional environments from restricted marine shoals
EASTERN NORTH AMERICA 1,003,122
to shelf facies with open circulation. The SMF types of bioclastic
CORRELATION OF MIDDLE DEVONIAN HAMILTON wackestone (SMF-9), grainstone with coated bioclasts (SMF-11),
GROUP-EQUIVALENT STRATA IN EAST-CENTRAL NORTH grainstone with ooids (SMF-15), grainstone with pellets (SMF-16),
AMERICA: IMPLICATIONS FOR EUSTASY, TECTONICS grainstone or pelsparite with aggregate grains (SMF-17) and
AND FAUNAL PROVINCIALITY pelleted lime mudstone-wackestone (SMF-19) are discernible in the
A.J.Bartholomew and C.E.Brett (Cincinnati Univ). DEVONIAN Coniacian-Santonian carbonates. These SMF types are platform
EVENTS AND CORRELATIONS [GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF facies belts either winnowed (FZ.6), open (FZ.7) or restricted (FZ.8)
LONDON SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO.278] pp.105-131, 2007. platforms. The rapid facies change of the Coniacian-Santonian may
(ISBN 978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs) reflect mild tectonic instability other than sea-level fluctuations.
An integrated approach, involving nearly all available This tectonic instability may be the first imprint of Syrian arc
biostratigraphic data, event and sequence stratigraphy, has been deformation, evidenced at the studied area by complete absence of
utilized in correlation of the Middle Devonian (latest Eifelian- Campanian strata.
Givetian) Hamilton Group and equivalent strata in north-central ................................................................
North America. This approach permits high-resolution correlation
of strata equivalent to the Oatka Creek (upper Marcellus), EGYPT 1,003,126
Skaneateles, Ludlowville and Moscow formations from New York STRUCTURAL CONTROL ON SYN-RIFT SEDIMENTATION,
into sections bordering the Michigan Basin in Ontario, Canada, as NORTHWESTERN RED SEA MARGIN, EGYPT
well as southern Michigan, northern Ohio and Indiana, USA. Most S.M.Khalil and K.R.McClay (Suez Canal Univ; Royal Holloway
member and submember-scale units, herein slightly redefined and Univ). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6,
interpreted as 3rd and 4th order sequences, respectively, and their pp.1018-1034, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs)
bounding condensed beds can be correlated regionally. Moreover, Detailed field mapping of a 120-km-long segment of the
many faunal patterns also persist across this region, which, northwestern Red Sea margin reveals the existence of a number of
together with sequence stratigraphy, provides a bridge for sediment-input sites where Lower Miocene sediments form coarse-
correlation into the Michigan Basin. The detailed stratigraphy grained fan delta systems. Localizations of the fan deltas at the
presented herein permits a more resolved understanding of far-field sediment-input sites (Wadis Gassus, Guesis, Quwyh and Sharm El
tectonics, eustasy and biotic responses during the Middle Devonian. Bahari) are controlled by structural and topographic elements,
Allocyclic processes, primarily eustasy, played a key role in including relay ramps between interacting normal fault segments,
generating persistent sedimentary cycles. Episodes of rapid mud cross-trend transfer faults, reactivated Precambrian basement
sedimentation occurred over large areas of the cratonic interior, fabrics and the plunge directions of tilted fault blocks. Sedimentary

GEOLOGY
facies and geometrical characteristics of the fan deltas indicate that in progressive narrowing of the fluvial pathway within the main
they are progradational and "Gilbert-type" fan delta systems. sandstone body of the eastern inflow, with a concomitant increase
Variations in size and composition of the conglomerate clasts reflect in flow velocities and grain size. At lowstand, this culminated in the
the heterogeneous lithologies of the Precambrian basement and Chatsworth palaeovalley, 25 km wide, the basal surface of which
pre-rift strata in the source areas along the rift margin. can be correlated into the interfluve areas as a leached palaeosol.
Palaeocurrent data show marked changes in paleoflow directions, Higher sandstone bodies, where developed, are of two kinds: an
from northeast in the northernmost fans to east and southeast earlier set present outside of the palaeovalley was formed during
directions in the southern fans. This change occurs across the Duwi regression and a later set within the palaeovalley was formed as
accommodation zone which formed a topographic high separating sea level rose.
the oppositely dipping half-grabens in the study area. The data ................................................................
presented in this paper clearly demonstrates that the structural
architecture of the northwestern Red Sea margin together with its ENGLAND 1,003,129
related topographic expressions played a fundamental role in
VARIATION IN GROWTH-RATE AND FORM OF A
controlling the drainage network systems, sediment dispersal and
BATHONIAN (MIDDLE JURASSIC) OYSTER IN ENGLAND,
localization of the fan deltas in this part of the rift system. (c2008
AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS
Elsevier Ltd.)
A.L.A.Johnson, M.N.Liquorish and J.Sha (Derby Univ; Nanjing
................................................................
Inst Geol Palaeont). PALAEONTOLOGY v.50, pt.5, pp.1155-1173,
ENGLAND 1,003,127 Sept. 2007. (ISSN 0031-0239; Over 10 refs)
We review controls on extensional growth rate and shell
A NONMARINE RECORD OF ECCENTRICITY FORCING thickness in the extant oyster Crassostrea. Data on these shell
THROUGH THE UPPER TRIASSIC OF SOUTHWEST parameters for the ecologically similar Bathonian oyster
ENGLAND AND ITS CORRELATION WITH THE NEWARK Praeexogyra hebridica, sampled at carefully selected sites, are then
BASIN ASTRONOMICALLY CALIBRATED GEOMAGNETIC used to test a hypothesis that small size in contemporaneous
POLARITY TIME SCALE FROM NORTH AMERICA marine bivalves of north-west Europe was the product of reduced
D.B.Kemp and A.L.Coe (Open Univ). GEOLOGY v.35, no.11, salinity. The hypothesis is refuted, at least to the extent that some
pp.991-994, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0091-7613; Over 10 refs) additional factor must be involved. The relatively low extensional
The Late Triassic was a time of major environmental change, growth rate and shell thickness at the highest-salinity site,
yet the precise chronology of events is poorly constrained owing to together with the elongate (etiolated) shape there and the low
the nonmarine nature of most preserved Upper Triassic strata and extensional growth rate at all sites in comparison with Crassostrea,
the difficulty in correlating sections. St. Audrie’s Bay, southwest suggests that this factor is reduced primary productivity. Other
England, has been the focus of many studies on this interval of faunal, sedimentological and diagenetic evidence is consistent with
time and is one of the proposed sections for the base Jurassic global low productivity. We point to other possible instances of reduced
stratotype section and point (GSSP). In this study, lacustrine productivity during the Middle Jurassic and discuss the possible
deposits exposed at St. Audrie’s Bay have been used to construct a role of this factor in encouraging the widespread colonization of
floating astronomical time scale for ca 3.7 m.y. of the Late Triassic brackish-water environments by bivalves in the Bathonian Stage.
based on the recognition of ca 100 k.y. eccentricity cycles in rock ................................................................
color. In addition, we have correlated this time scale with an
existing magnetostratigraphy through the same succession and FAULT RELATED FOLD 1,003,130
produced an astronomically calibrated record of geomagnetic
MECHANICS OF FAULT-RELATED FOLDS AND CRITICAL
polarity. Using a novel statistical procedure, we have determined
TAPER WEDGES
the correlation between this succession and the Late Triassic
C.A.Guzofski (Harvard Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2007;
geomagnetic polarity time scale of the Newark Basin, North
DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B
America, on which the current (2004) geological time scale is based.
v.68, no.2, p.844-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order
Our results show unequivocally that the studied St. Audrie’s Bay
no.DA3251276; 121 pp; Abstract only)
succession represents part of the Norian and we demonstrate for
[Abstract available from T.U.]
the first time that cyclostratigraphy can be used in the correlation
................................................................
of Mesozoic strata between North America and Europe.
................................................................ FLORIDA 1,003,131
ENGLAND 1,003,128 DIAGENESIS AND POROSITY PRESERVATION IN
EOCENE MICROPOROUS LIMESTONES, SOUTH
REGIONAL EVOLUTION OF A FLUVIODELTAIC CYCLIC
FLORIDA, USA
SUCCESSION IN THE MARSDENIAN (LATE NAMURIAN
R.G.Maliva, T.M.Missimer, E.A.Clayton and J.A.D.Dickson
STAGE, PENNSYLVANIAN) OF THE CENTRAL PENNINE
(Schlumberger Water Svcs; Cambridge Univ). SEDIMENTARY
BASIN, UK
GEOLOGY v.217, nos.1-4, pp.85-94, 5/15/2009. (ISSN 0037-0738;
C.N.Waters, J.I.Chisholm, A.C.Benfield and A.M.O’Beirne
Over 10 refs)
(British Geological Survey). PROCEEDINGS OF THE
Microporous limestones may contain immobile, capillary-bound
YORKSHIRE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY v.57, pt.1, pp.1-28, May
(irreducible) water that is only in diffusional contact with mobile
2008. (ISSN 0044-0604; Over 10 refs)
pore waters or in some reservoirs may contain producible
Basin-wide analysis of sedimentary facies, isopachytes and
hydrocarbons. The preservation and distribution of microporosity
palaeocurrents for two late Marsdenian (Pennsylvanian)
impact both subsurface fluid flow and solute transport. The
sedimentary cycles, within part of the Millstone Grit Group, has led
diagenesis of microporous limestones has received relatively little
to a new sequence-stratigraphic interpretation for the relationships
attention because their very fine grains and cements are not
between its constituent sandstone units (currently named
amenable to standard analytical methods. The Ocala Limestone
Huddersfield White Rock, Chatsworth Grit, Brooksbottoms Grit,
(Upper Eocene) and upper Avon Park Formation (Middle Eocene) in
Holcombe Brook Grit, Brown Edge Flags and Redmires Flags). The
South Florida contain microporous micritic limestones (mudstones
Bilinguites superbilinguis (R2c1) and Verneulites sigma (R2c2)
to packstones) that are at an intermediate stage of diagenesis. The
marine bands related to fourth-order marine highstands show
limestones have been exposed to the active near-surface
faunal variations possibly reflecting fifth-order sea-level
environment, but have not yet reached a burial depth sufficient for
fluctuations. The lower R2c1 cycle consists entirely of deep water
intense chemical compaction and associated porosity reduction.
mudstone. The overlying R2c2 cycle shows an upward regressive
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging allowed for the
passage through pro-delta and delta-slope deposits to mouthbar
quantification of total porosity, pore-size distribution, and
and channel sandstones. The latter comprises an eastern inflow of
permeability. The Ocala Limestone and Avon Park Formation have
northerly provenance, the distribution of which was not influenced
different predominant microfacies and porosity size distributions,
by the underlying basement configuration, and a southern inflow
but yet both retain total porosities predominantly between 35% and
sourced from the Wales-Brabant High. Falling sea-levels resulted

GEOLOGY
37%. Estimated microporosities range mostly between 12% and Basin), normal rifting (Interior Basin) to transform rifting. The pre-
45%. The mudstones and wackestones of the Ocala Limestone have existing Precambrian tectonic fabric exerts a strong control over the
significantly lower permeabilities (mostly 3 to 12 md) than the mode and over the 100-300 km-scale segmentation of the rifting.
wackestones to grainstones of the Avon Park Formation (commonly (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.)
in the 100 to 3000 md range), which have more mixed and overall ................................................................
coarser pore sizes. ... (c2009 Elsevier B.V.) (Longer abstract
available) GEOLOGIC MODEL 1,003,135
................................................................
THREE-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL MODELS WITH
FRANCE 1,003,132 VARIED MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND EROSION RATES:
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE MECHANICS AND KINEMATICS
STRUCTURAL STYLE OF THE QUEBEC APPALACHIANS OF COMPRESSIVE WEDGES
PARAUTOCHTHON AS REVEALED BY 3D SEISMIC DATA P.Upton, K.Mueller and Y.G.Chen (GNS Science; Colorado Univ,
AT THE SAINT-FLAVIEN NATURAL GAS RESERVOIR: Boulder; National Taiwan Univ). JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL
ANALOGY WITH THE CHARTREUSE MASSIF, FRENCH RESEARCH v.114, no.B4, 4/4/2009. (ISSN 0148-0227; Citation
ALPS no.B04408; 18 pp; Over 10 refs)
M.Malo, Y.Duchaine and D.Leavy (INRS-Georessources; We develop 3D mechanical models of a compressive wedge and
INTRAGAZ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, investigate how the form and kinematics of the outboard wedge are
Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. affected by variation in initial topography, material properties, and
(Session SS16; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; erosion rate. Inclusion into the wedge of weaker, less dense
Abstract only) material affects the form of the wedge, producing a region of
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] steeper average slopes and higher topography while depriving the
................................................................ region further inboard of material. Enhanced erosion has a similar
effect. The wedge attempts to replace the eroded material by
FRANCE 1,003,133 focusing deformation. The result is a stepped region of lower
topography within the outboard of the orogen. We observe that
SEDIMENTARY DEPOSITION IN RIFT AND FORELAND
uplift velocities at three points in the orogen vary cyclically from
BASINS IN FRANCE AND SPAIN (PALEOGENE AND
near 0 to ca 3 times the average uplift rate over cycles lasting on
LOWER NEOGENE)
the order of 15-200,000 model years. Our models, along with analog
D.Geisler-Cussey, J.M.Rouchy, M.M.Blanc-Valleron, M.Schuler,
models and some well-dated examples from active orogens, suggest
A.Curial, R.Moretto, G.Dromart, D.Dumas, D.Nury et al. (Pau
that transient accommodation of strain may be common. The cycles
Univ). Columbia University Press, 1997. (ISBN 0-231-06786-0; 487
observed responded rapidly to changes in the amount of erosion
pp; Over 10 refs)
imposed. Our models suggest that orogens may be driven by strong
Bringing together the work of leading geologists, this book
coupling between erosion and strain on temporal scales of 10 E+04
focuses on evaporite-related deposits such as limestone, dolomite,
to 10 E+05 years and spatial scales comparable to the scale of the
gypsum, and halite, found in the rift and foreland basins of eastern
erosional perturbation.
France and northern Spain. These basins offer a wide variety of
................................................................
sedimentary deposits within a small area, and are often
undeformed, leaving facies well preserved. Their significant GERMANY 1,003,136
hydrocarbon potential also renders them of great economic
importance. The book is divided into four parts. Part 1 provides an THE CADOMIAN OROGENY IN SAXO-THURINGIA,
overview of depositional patterns in marine, mixed, and nonmarine GERMANY (IBERIAN-ARMORICAN TERRANE
evaporitive environments. Part 2 is a series of comprehensive ASSEMBLAGE): THE GEOTECTONIC HISTORY OF A
individual basin studies, in which contributors review the NEOPROTEROZOIC COUNTERPART TO AVALONIA
geological history, structural evolution, facies distribution, U.Linnemann (Dresden State Museum). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
geochemistry, and sedimentary dynamics of specific locations in JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
Alsace, Bresse, Valence, and Provence. Part 3 examines evaporitic TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session GS2; Available at
sedimentation in the Ebro Basin and the South Pyrenean foredeeps http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
over time, presenting evaporitic cycles and facies analysis, and [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
surveys of geological settings and tectonic influence on evaporitic ................................................................
sedimentation. Part 4 draws together data from the preceding
chapters and summarizes findings on lithofacies distribution, GERMANY 1,003,137
depositional environments, climate, and secondary sulfates in
THE END-FRASNIAN MASS EXTINCTION IN THE EIFEL
evaporitic deposits.
MOUNTAINS, GERMANY: NEW INSIGHTS FROM ORGANIC
................................................................
MATTER COMPOSITION AND PRESERVATION
GABON BASIN 1,003,134 C.Hartkopf-Froeder, M.Kloppisch, U.Mann, P.Neumann-
Mahlkau, R.G.Schaefer and H.Wilkes (Geologischer Dienst NRW;
NEOCOMIAN TO EARLY APTIAN SYN-RIFT EVOLUTION Forschungszentrum Juelich; GeoForschungsZentr Potsdam).
OF THE NORMAL TO OBLIQUE-RIFTED NORTH GABON DEVONIAN EVENTS AND CORRELATIONS [GEOLOGICAL
MARGIN (INTERIOR AND N’KOMI BASINS) SOCIETY OF LONDON SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO.278]
M.Mbina Mounguengui and M.Guiraud (Masuku Univ Sci & pp.173-196, 2007. (ISBN 978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs)
Tech; Bourgogne Univ). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY The Buedesheimer Bach borehole in the Pruem Syncline, Eifel
v.26, no.6, pp.1000-1017, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) Mountains, Germany encountered upper Frasnian and lowermost
The North Gabon coastal rift basins consist of a set of 130-150 Famennian sediments including the Upper Kellwasser Horizon
long-segment asymmetrically tilted half grabens (Interior Basin) (UKW) and a limestone-dominated sequence (LKW) which can be
and 000-020 short-segment en echelon half grabens (N’Komi Basin) correlated with the Lower Kellwasser Horizon in other sections.
separated by 040-060 major transverse faults. Tectono-sedimentary The palynofacies is characterized by a high abundance of
analysis of field and subsurface data reveals the control exerted by amorphous organic matter (AOM), prasinophytes, miospores and
extensional tectonism over continental sedimentation. During acritarchs indicative of a fully marine, rather distal and oxygen-
Berriasian to early Barremian times, uniform uniaxial 040-060 deficient environment. AOM and a low sterane/hopane ratio
extension was responsible for the stretching of the brittle upper suggest that cyanobacteria were important primary producers and
crust over a 100-km wide domain. During late Barremian - early that bacterial reworking and oxidation influenced the organic
Aptian times, the main locus of extension stepped westward matter composition resulting in reduced total organic carbon (TOC)
resulting in severe end-rift uplift and erosion of the failed Interior contents and lower hydrogen index (HI) values. The LKW and the
and N’Komi rift basins. Early Cretaceous coastal rifts in North UKW can be distinguished from the adjacent units by the abundant
Gabon display a wide range of styles from oblique rifting (N’Komi prasinophytes and some geochemical parameters (e.g., higher HI,

GEOLOGY
lower pristane/phytane ratio, lower aryl isoprenoid ratio) but these Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001.
differences are not highly significant. However, the sediments (Session SY1; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
between these two horizons show an increased input of bacteria Abstract only)
and terrestrial plant material as a result of the regression that [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
follows after the deposition of the Lower Kellwasser Horizon. Photic ................................................................
zone anoxia seems to have been more pronounced during deposition
of these horizons, supporting the view that widespread anoxia was GRAND BANKS AREA 1,003,142
an important trigger of the massive end-Frasnian biotic decline.
AN INTEGRATED STUDY OF RESERVOIR
................................................................
COMPARTMENTALIZATION IN THE HIBERNIA
GIVETIAN SERIES 1,003,138 FORMATION, HIBERNIA FIELD
J.R.Gormly, R.J.Andrews, D.K.Baskin and R.Stokes
GIVETIAN (MIDDLE DEVONIAN) BRACHIOPOD- (ExxonMobil Upstream Res Co; Hibernia Mgmt & Dev Co; Chevron
GONIATITE-CORRELATION IN THE DRA VALLEY (ANTI- Res & Technol Co). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St.
ATLAS, MOROCCO) AND BERGISCH GLADBACH- John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM
PAFFRATH SYNCLINE (RHENISH MASSIF, GERMANY) 2001. (Session SY1; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
V.Ebbighausen, R.T.Becker, J.Bockwinkel and Z.S.Aboussalam Abstract only)
(Westfaelische Wilhelm Univ). DEVONIAN EVENTS AND [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
CORRELATIONS [GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON ................................................................
SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO.278] pp.157-172, 2007. (ISBN
978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs) GRAND BANKS AREA 1,003,143
The Givetian pelagic and dysoxic outer shelf facies of the Dra
HIBERNIA FORMATION SEQUENCES AND BREATHITT
Valley (SW. Morocco) yielded as minor benthic faunal elements a
GROUP ANALOGUE: IMPLICATIONS FOR RESERVOIR
number of stringocephalid and uncitid brachiopods that allow a
COMPARTMENTALIZATION AND MODELLING,
precise correlation of these marker brachiopods with the regional,
OFFSHORE NEWFOUNDLAND
detailed goniatite zonation. In a reverse situation, the predominant
I.K.Sinclair, S.Flint, R.Stokes and M.Bidgood (Hibernia Mgmt &
neritic shallow-water succession of the Bergisch Gladbach area
Dev Co Ltd; Liverpool Univ; Newfoundland Memorial Univ).
(Rhenish Massif, Germany), which is characterized by a detailed
succession of stringocephalids and Uncites, has yielded rare and
5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1;
new Middle Givetian goniatite species. These findings allow, with
some help of conodont data, neritic-pelagic correlations within and
between widely separated basins. New species are Tornoceras n.
................................................................
sp. from the Buechel Formation (with coloration remains),
Trevoneites paffrathensis n. sp. from the Lower Plattenkalk GRAND BANKS AREA 1,003,144
Formation, and Maenioceras heinorum n. sp. from the Hornstein
Member. New material of stringocephalids and Uncites is described CARBONATE CEMENTATION: THE KEY TO RESERVOIR
from the Dra Valley. The identical, well-defined range of Uncites PROPERTIES OF PRODUCING SANDSTONE LEVELS OF
(U.) gryphus gryphus in the lower to middle parts of the Middle THE HIBERNIA OILFIELD, JEANNE D’ARC BASIN
Givetian of the Dra Valley and Rhenish Massif underscores the I.Abid and R.Hesse (McGill Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT
stratigraphical significance of this genus that was widely MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
distributed in Europe, northern Gondwana, the Urals, and Central TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1; Available at
and Eastern Asia. http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
................................................................ [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
................................................................
GLACIOMARINE DEPOSIT 1,003,139
GRAND BANKS AREA 1,003,145
GLACIATED CONTINENTAL MARGIN PROCESSES AND
STRATIGRAPHY: CENOZOIC OF ANTARCTICA AND GEOLOGICAL UNCERTAINTY IN THE BEN NEVIS/AVALON
NEOPROTEROZOIC OF RODINIA COMPARED RESERVOIRS, HIBERNIA FIELD, JEANNE D’ARC BASIN
N.Januszczak and N.Eyles (Toronto Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC B.J.R.Hayes (Petrel Robertson Consult). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS5; Available at TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1; Available at
http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
................................................................ ................................................................
GRAIN SHAPE 1,003,140 GRAND BANKS AREA 1,003,146
THE EFFECT OF GRAIN SHAPE ON THE POROSITY OF MULTI-MODAL INTERPRETATION OF CORE PHOTO AND
MARINE SEDIMENTS WELL LOG USING PETROSPIRE [SPATIAL IMAGE
D.R.Barclay and M.J.Buckingham (Scripps Inst Oceanogr). RETRIEVAL ENGINE]
154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New M.L.Hill, L.D.Bergman, Y.C.Chang, C.S.Li, N.Bennett, I.Bryant,
Orleans, LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE D.McCormick and P.Tilke (IBM T J Watson Res Ctr; Schlumberger
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, Doll Research). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St.
no.5, pt.2, p.2940, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.1aAO1; John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM
Abstract only) 2001. (Session SY1; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] Abstract only)
................................................................
PREDICTING THE IMPACT OF FAULT DAMAGE ZONES
ON RESERVOIR QUALITY: AN ANALYSIS OF HEAVY OIL ACCUMULATIONS IN THE JEANNE D’ARC
STRUCTURAL, PETROPHYSICAL AND DYNAMIC WELL- BASIN: A CASE STUDY IN THE HEBRON, BEN NEVIS, AND
TEST DATA WEST BEN NEVIS OIL FIELDS
E.McAllister, J.R.Porter, G.Styliandes, I.Sinclair, R.J.Knipe, J.W.Shimeld, P.N.Moir, M.G.Fowler, L.D.Stasiuk, R.A.Macrae
Q.Fisher, D.Condliffe and M.Kay (Leeds Univ; Hibernia Mgmt & and M.A.Williamson (Canada Geological Survey). ANNUAL GAC-
Dev Corp). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)

GEOLOGY
TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1; Available at understanding of the causes and consequences of the fourth
http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) greatest extinction event in earth history. Our analyses reveal (1)
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] regional turnover of ecological dominants between Triassic and
................................................................ Jurassic plant communities; (2) marked structural changes in the
vegetation as reflected by potential loss of a mid-canopy habit; and
GRAND BANKS AREA 1,003,148 (3) decline in generic-level richness and evenness and change in
ecological composition prior to the Tr/J boundary. All of these
IN THE SHADOWS OF THE GIANTS: REMAINING
findings argue against a single catastrophic causal mechanism,
EXPLORATION POTENTIAL FOR THE SOUTHERN
such as a meteorite impact for Tr/J extinctions. We identify various
JEANNE D’ARC SUBBASIN
key ecological and biological traits that increased extinction risk at
R.W.Leatherbarrow and L.J.Sydora (Chevron Canada
the Tr/J boundary and corroborate predictions of meta-population
Resources). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
theory or plant ecophysiological models. These include ecological
Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001.
rarity, complex reproductive biology, and large leaf size.
(Session SY1; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
................................................................
Abstract only)
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] GUATEMALA 1,003,153
................................................................
THE MAYA-CHORTIS BOUNDARY: A
GREENLAND 1,003,149 TECTONOSTRATIGRAPHIC APPROACH
F.Ortega-Gutierrez, L.A.Solari, C.Ortega-Obregon, M.Elias-
CENOZOIC FORAMINIFERA FROM THE DAVIS STRAIT,
Herrera, U.Martens, S.Moran-Ical, M.Chiquin, J.D.Keppie, R.Torres
OFFSHORE SOUTHERN WEST GREENLAND
de Leon et al. (Mexico Nac Auton Univ). INTERNATIONAL
J.A.Rasmussen and E.Sheldon (Denmark Greenland Geol Sur).
GEOLOGY REVIEW v.49, no.11, pp.996-1024, Nov. 2007. (ISSN
0020-6814; Over 10 refs)
This work presents an updated revision of the complex
stratigraphic and tectonic relationships that characterize the
geologic boundary between the Chortis and Maya continental
................................................................
blocks of the Caribbean region. Based on field, petrologic, structural
GREENLAND 1,003,150 and geochronological work in key areas of central Guatemala,as
well as analysis of the relevant literature, we propose a new
OFFSHORE WEST GREENLAND: BASIN GEOLOGY, tectonostratigraphic structure that more fully appraises the
PETROLEUM POTENTIAL AND EXPLORATION ACTIVITY fundamental tectonic role played by major faults that cut across the
J.A.Chalmers, F.G.Christiansen, J.A.Bojesen-Koefoed, F.Dalhoff, continental isthmus between the Americas, and bound separate
H.Nohr-Hansen, C.Marcussen and M.Sonderholm (Denmark tectonostratigraphic terranes (or fault blocks according to author
Greenland Geol Sur). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. JDK). Accordingly, we subdivide the area into seven of these units,
John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM from south to north: Chortis, Yoro, Sula, El Tambor, Jacalteco, Achi,
2001. (Session SY1; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; and Maya, bounded respectively by the Aguan-La Ceiba, Jocotan-
Abstract only) Chamelecon, Motagua, Baja Verpaz (defined in this work), and
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] Chixoy-Polochic fault zones. Unfortunately, the extreme paucity of
................................................................ modern geologic data bearing on the pre-Cretaceous cover and
basement units in the entire region constitutes a major obstacle for
GREENLAND 1,003,151 building convincing paleogeographic models to explain the complex
tectonic evolution of the area from Precambrian to Cenozoic time.
GEOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF THE PETROLIFEROUS Consequently, this work should be taken as an attempt line to
NUUSSUAQ BASIN: AN OUTCROP ANALOGUE FOR THE understand more clearly the nature and contact relationships
CRETACEOUS-PALAEOGENE BASINS OFFSHORE WEST between deep crustal blocks in nuclear Central America, and as a
GREENLAND contribution to interpret their geologic evolution in plate tectonic
G.Dam, J.Bojesen-Koefoed, J.A.Chalmers, F.G.Christiansen, terms.
N.E.Hamann, H.Nohr-Hansen and A.K.Pedersen (DONG E&P; ................................................................
Denmark Greenland Geol Sur; Copenhagen Geology Museum).
ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, HISPANIOLA 1,003,154
Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) MORPHOTECTONIC STUDY OF HISPANIOLA
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] M.O.Cotilla, D.Cordoba and M.Calzadilla (Madrid Complutense
................................................................ Univ). GEOTECTONICS v.41, no.5, pp.368-391, Sept.-Oct. 2007.
GREENLAND 1,003,152 Geomorphological analysis, aerial photographs, and
geomorphologic, geological, geophysical, topographical and field
MACROECOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF TERRESTRIAL studies show that the morphology of Hispaniola can be linked to
VEGETATION TO CLIMATIC AND ATMOSPHERIC lateral variations in the geometry and tectonism of the Caribbean-
CHANGE ACROSS THE TRIASSIC/JURASSIC BOUNDARY North American Plate Boundary Zone. Three main categories of the
IN EAST GREENLAND relief were established: territorial units (1 megablock, 2
J.C.McElwain, M.E.Popa, S.P.Hesselbo, M.Haworth and macroblocks, 14 mesoblocks, 209 blocks, 401 microblocks, and 527
F.Surlyk (Dublin Univ Coll; Bucharest Univ; Oxford Univ; nanoblocks), morphostructural alignments (4 first-rank, 1 second-
Copenhagen Univ). PALEOBIOLOGY v.33, no.4, pp.547-573, Fall rank, 12 third-rank, and 30 fourth-rank), and 16 knots between
2007. (ISSN 0094-8373; Over 10 refs) morphostructural alignments (second- to fourth-rank). The main
The magnitude and pace of terrestrial plant extinction and seismic activity is concentrated on the first-rank and second-rank
macroecological change associated with the Triassic/Jurassic (Tr/J) lineaments, and some important epicenters are located in the
mass extinction boundary have not been quantified using vicinity of the lineament intersections. The origin of the
paleoecological data. However, tracking the diversity and ecology of earthquakes in the vicinity of such knots can be explained by the
primary producers provides an ideal surrogate with which to forcing/pushing of macroblocks northeastward. The existence of
explore patterns of ecosystem stability, collapse, and recovery and earthquakes along the main lineaments may be explained by
to explicitly test for gradual versus catastrophic causal mechanisms tension or compression in a restraining bend zone. From the
of extinction. We present an analysis of the vegetation dynamics in current study, it appears that earthquake occurrence in Hispaniola
the Jameson Land Basin, East Greenland, spanning the Tr/J is related with the stress concentrations in the vicinity of
extinction event, from a census collected paleoecological data set of morphotectonic zones. A seismotectonic interpretation of
4303 fossil leaf specimens, in an attempt to better constrain our Hispaniola is shown where three zones exist, each of them with a
different active level and dimensions.
................................................................
GEOLOGY
ILLINOIS 1,003,155 iranica assemblage zones. A Globigerina spp. assemblage zone also
occurs within the Borelis melo group - Meandropsina iranica
PETROPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION OF POROSITY assemblage zone WNW of the study area.
DISTRIBUTION IN THE GENEVA DOLOMITE MEMBER OF ................................................................
THE GRAND TOWER FORMATION IN MARION COUNTY,
ILLINOIS IRAN 1,003,160
B.R.Summers (Northern Illinois Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2006;
DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B HYDROCARBON GENERATION IN LOWER
v.68, no.2, p.848-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order CARBONIFEROUS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN ALBORZ
no.DA3251029; 164 pp; Abstract only) BELTS, NORTH IRAN
[Abstract available from T.U.] F.Sahabi (Iran Geological Survey). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT
................................................................ MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session GS8; Available at
ILLINOIS BASIN 1,003,156 http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
REDEFINITION OF THE NEW ALBANY SHALE OF THE ................................................................
ILLINOIS BASIN: AN INTEGRATED, STRATIGRAPHIC,
SEDIMENTOLOGIC, AND GEOCHEMICAL STUDY IRAN 1,003,161
O.R.Lazar (Indiana Univ, Bloomington). Ph.D. thesis, 2007;
DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B THE LOWER TRIASSIC SORKH SHALE FORMATION OF
v.68, no.2, p.846-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order THE TABAS BLOCK, EAST CENTRAL IRAN: SUCCESSION
no.DA3252777; 362 pp; Abstract only) OF A FAILED-RIFT BASIN AT THE PALEOTETHYS
[Abstract available from T.U.] MARGIN
................................................................ Y.Lasemi, M.Ghomashi, H.Amin-Rasouli and A.Kheradmand
(Illinois State Geol Survey; Sistan & Baluchestan Univ; Kurdistan
INDIA 1,003,157 Univ; Shahid Bahonar Univ). CARBONATES AND EVAPORITES
v.23, no.1, pp.21-38, June 2008. (ISSN 0891-2556; Over 10 refs)
TERMINAL PROTEROZOIC EVOLUTIONARY EVENTS: The Lower Triassic Sorkh Shale Formation is a dominantly red
ASSESSMENT FROM INDIAN SEQUENCES colored marginal marine succession deposited in the N-S-trending
V.Rai and A.Singh (Lucknow Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC Tabas Basin of east central Iran. It is correlated with the
JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) unconformity-bounded lower limestone member of the Elika
TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS12; Available at Formation of the Alborz Mountains of northern Iran. The Sorkh
http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) Shale is bounded by the pre-Triassic and post-Lower Triassic
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] interregional unconformities and consists mainly of carbonates,
................................................................ sandstones, and evaporites. Detailed facies analysis of the Sorkh
Shale Formation resulted in recognition of several genetically
INDIAN OCEAN 1,003,158
linked peritidal facies that are grouped into restricted subtidal,
TECTONIC TYPES OF DEEPWATER BASINS IN THE carbonate tidal flat, siliciclastic tidal flat, coastal plain and
INDIAN OCEAN continental evaporite facies associations. These were deposited in a
Yu.M.Pushcharovsky (Russian Academy Sciences). low energy, storm-dominated inner-ramp setting with a very gentle
GEOTECTONICS v.41, no.5, pp.355-367, Sept.-Oct. 2007. (ISSN slope that fringed the Tabas Block of east central Iran and passed
0016-8521; Over 10 refs) northward (present-day coordinates) into deeper water facies of the
Among 16 deepwater basins located in the central Indian Ocean Paleotethys passive margin of northern Cimmerian Continent.
and along its western, eastern, and southern margins, the central, Numerous carbonate storm beds containing well-rounded
perioceanic, and perispreading tectonic types are recognized. The intraclasts, ooids and bioclasts of mixed fauna are present in the
Central, Cocos, Wharton, and Crozet basins belong to the first type. Sorkh Shale Formation of the northern Tabas Basin. The
The second type comprises the Somalia, Mascarene, Madagascar, constituents of the storm beds are present throughout the lower
Mozambique, and Agulhas basins localized along the western limestone member of the Elika Formation. The Tabas Block, a part
margin of the ocean; the Argo, Gascoyne, Cuvier, and Perth basins of the Cimmerian continent in east central Iran, is a rift basin that
that are situated along its eastern periphery; and the African- developed during Early Ordovician-Silurian Paleotethys rifting.
Antarctic Basin in the southern periphery. The South Australian ................................................................
and Australian-Antarctic basins pertain to the third type. Spatially
and tectonically, the pericontinental basins are conjugated with IRAN 1,003,162
continental blocks in the ocean (rises, plateaus, microcontinents). MICROFACIES AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE ILAM
Together, they make up specific tectonic systems that extend FORMATION IN THE TANG-E RASHID AREA, IZEH, S.W.
parallel to the continents. The formation of such systems is IRAN
controlled by horizontal movement of continental blocks and M.H.Adabi and E.A.Mehmandosti (Shahid Beheshti Univ).
tectonic subsidence of the oceanic bottom. JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES v.33, nos.3-4,
................................................................ pp.267-277, 7/15/2008. (ISSN 1367-9120; Over 10 refs)
The Ilam Formation (Santonian-Campanian in age), part of the
IRAN 1,003,159
Bangestan Group, is disconformably overlain by the Sarvak
LATE OLIGOCENE - EARLY MIOCENE BENTHIC Formation and underlain by the Gurpi Formation in the Tang-E
FORAMINIFERA AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE Rashid, Peyon area, Izeh (Zagros), southwest of Iran. Facies
ASMARI FORMATION, SOUTH YASUJ, NORTH-CENTRAL analyses indicate that the Ilam carbonates formed in four
ZAGROS BASIN, IRAN microfacies belts: tidal flat, lagoon, shoal and open marine, in a
S.Hakimzadeh and A.Seyrafian (Isfahan Univ). CARBONATES platform ramp environment. Major and minor elements and carbon
AND EVAPORITES v.23, no.1, pp.1-10, June 2008. (ISSN and oxygen isotope values were used to determine the original
0891-2556; Over 10 refs) carbonate mineralogy of the Ilam Formation. Petrographic
A total of 19 genera and 34 species of benthic foraminifera were evidence and elemental and oxygen and carbon isotope values
identified in the Asmari Formation from a stratigraphic section indicate that aragonite was the original carbonate mineralogy in
located south Yasuj, north-central Zagros, Iran. The age of the the Ilam Formation. The elemental and isotopic compositions of the
Asmari Formation at the studied section is Oligocene (Rupelian- Ilam carbonates also illustrate that they have stabilized in the
Chattian) and Early Miocene (Aquitanian-Burdigalian). Age was marine phreatic environment. Variations of Sr/Ca and δ18O values
determined by the occurrence of Nummulites vascus - Nummulites versus Mn suggest that diagenetic alteration occurred in a closed
fichteli; Eulepidina-Nephrolepidina-Nummululites; Miogypsinoides- system. Temperature calculation based on the oxygen isotope value
Archaias-Valvulinid; and Borelis melo group - Meandropsina of the least-altered sample indicates that the very early shallow

GEOLOGY
burial fluid temperature was around 28°C. Recognition of the exact active listric half-graben faults. Basin fill consists of conglomerate
boundary between the Ilam and Sarvak Formations is difficult, due facies association A, deposited in a fault-controlled transverse
to similar lithologies and the absence of the Surgah Formation in alluvial fan system that drained northwestward and graded
the study area. However, elemental and oxygen and carbon isotope laterally into sandstone facies association B, deposited by a braided
analyses were used to determine the boundary between these river system flowing northeastward axial to the rift basin. The
formations. ... (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available) alluvial fan facies association was deposited by rock falls and non-
................................................................ cohesive debris flows of sediment gravity flow origin, and by
sheetflood processes. The Umm Ghaddah Formation is dominated
IRELAND 1,003,163 by a large-scale fining upward succession interpreted to reflect a
gradual cessation of the Pan African Orogeny. Within this large-
AGE CONSTRAINTS ON THE ORIGIN AND GROWTH
scale trend there are also minor fining and coarsening upward
HISTORY OF A DEEP-WATER CORAL MOUND IN THE
cycles that are attributed to repeated minor tectonic pulses and
NORTHEAST ATLANTIC DRILLED DURING INTEGRATED
autocyclic shifting of the system. The distribution pattern of the
OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAM EXPEDITION 307
Umm Ghaddah Formation and the underlying Ediacaran Sarmuj
A.Kano, T.G.Ferdelman, T.Williams, J.P.Henriet, T.Ishikawa,
Conglomerates, Hiyala Volcaniclastics and Aheimir Volcanics in
N.Kawagoe, C.Takashima, Y.Kakizaki, K.Abe et al. (Hiroshima
Jordan and adjacent countries in isolated extensional half-grabens
Univ). GEOLOGY v.35, no.11, pp.1051-1054, Nov. 2007. (ISSN
and grabens formed during the extensional collapse phase of Arabia
0091-7613; Over 10 refs)
associated with the Najd Fault System seems to be unrelated to the
Sr isotope stratigraphy provides a new age model for the first
present day Wadi Araba - Dead Sea transform fault system. (c2007
complete section drilled through a deep-water coral mound. The
Elsevier Ltd.)
155-m-long section from Challenger Mound in the Porcupine
................................................................
Seabight, southwest of Ireland, is on Miocene siliciclastics and
consists entirely of sediments bearing well-preserved cold-water KAZAKHSTAN 1,003,166
coral Lophelia pertusa. The 87Sr/86Sr values of 28 coral specimens
from the mound show an upward-increasing trend, correspond to EARLY ORDOVICIAN VOLCANIC COMPLEX OF THE
ages from 2.6 to 0.5 Ma, and identify a significant hiatus from ca STEPNYAK ZONE (NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN): AGE
1.7 to 1.0 Ma at 23.6 m below seafloor. The age of the basal mound SUBSTANTIATION AND GEODYNAMIC SETTING
sediments coincides with the intensification of Northern K.E.Degtyarev, K.N.Shatagin, A.B.Kotov, E.B.Salnikova,
Hemisphere glaciations that set up the modern stratification of the M.V.Luchitskaya, M.M.Shershakova, A.V.Shershakov and
northeast Atlantic and enabled coral growth. Mound growth A.A.Tretyakov (Russian Academy Sciences; Bura Mining Co).
persisted throughout glacial-interglacial fluctuations, reached a DOKLADY EARTH SCIENCES v.419, no.2, pp.248-252, Feb.-March
maximum rate (24 cm/k.y.) ca 2.0 Ma, and ceased at 1.7 Ma. Unlike 2008. (ISSN 1028-334X; Over 10 refs)
other buried mounds in Porcupine Seabight, Challenger Mound was The uncertainty of the timing of the felsic volcanic rocks
only partly covered during its growth interruption, and growth complicates the correlation of geological events in different
restarted ca 1.0 Ma. structural-formational zones and leads to an ambiguous
................................................................ interpretation of the Early Paleozoic evolution of Northern
Kazakhstan. Therefore, the main aims of our research were to
JORDAN 1,003,164 study the structure and composition of the felsic volcanic sequence
of the Stepnyak zone and to date them by the U-Pb zircon method.
FACIES DEVELOPMENT DURING LATE EARLY-MIDDLE
In the Stepnyak zone, the considered volcanogenic complex is
CAMBRIAN (TAYAN MEMBER, BURJ FORMATION)
exposed in the Kotyrkol-Mamai anticline. In the southern framing
TRANSGRESSION IN THE DEAD SEA RIFT VALLEY,
of the Precambrian Shatsky Massif, they compose the base of the
JORDAN
Lower Paleozoic sequence. We have substantiated for the first time
O.Elicki (Freiberg Univ). CARNETS DE GEOLOGIE
that the red-colored subalkaline felsic volcanic rocks of the
(NOTEBOOKS ON GEOLOGY) no.A07, 2007. (ISSN 1634-0744; 20
Stepnyak zone of Northern Kazakhstan have an Early Ordovician
pp; Over 10 refs)
age. They were formed in an active continental margin or ensialic
The transgressive Tayan Member of the upper Lower to Middle
island arc. The recognition of this structure suggests that the
Cambrian Burj Formation (Jordan) has been investigated in several
continental block of Precambrian massifs of western Kazakhstan
localities of the Dead Sea Rift valley, Jordan. The lower portion of
included not only passive margins, as is assumed in the existing
this member consists of low-energy siliciclastics with indications of
geodynamic reconstructions, but also active margins in the Early
temporary, early pedogenetic processes, pointing to some stagnation
Ordovician.
during transgression. The upper portion of the member was
................................................................
deposited under higher energy conditions. Stromatolites,
desiccation cracks, halite-pseudomorphs, laminated dolostones, and MASSACHUSETTS 1,003,167
tepees, together with ripples, mud-clasts and scours point to a
shallow intertidal to supratidal sabkha-related environment in a U-Pb ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY OF THE SQUANTUM
climate of tropical to subtropical aridity. The fossil content of the "TILLITE," BOSTON BASIN, EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS:
Tayan Member consists exclusively of trace fossils. Simple IMPLICATIONS FOR TERMINAL NEOPROTEROZOIC
endobentic, worm-like r-strategists are common in some horizons. "SNOWBALL" GLACIATION
For the first time, Treptichnus pedum has been reported from M.D.Thompson and S.A.Bowring (Wellesley Coll; Massachusetts
Jordan where it was found near the base of this member. The Inst Technol). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
markedly reduced biodiversity together with sedimentological data Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001.
led to the interpretation of a strongly stressed, paleoecologically (Session SS12; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
unstable habitat. Abstract only)
................................................................
JORDAN 1,003,165
MOROCCO 1,003,168
TECTONO SEDIMENTARY EVOLUTION OF THE UMM
GHADDAH FORMATION (LATE EDIACARAN - EARLY NERITIC-PELAGIC CORRELATION IN THE LOWER AND
CAMBRIAN) IN JORDAN BASAL MIDDLE DEVONIAN OF THE DRA VALLEY
B.S.Amireh, M.N.Amaireh and A.M.Abed (Jordan Univ; Tafila (SOUTHERN ANTI-ATLAS, MOROCCAN PRE-SAHARA)
Technical Univ). JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES v.33, U.Jansen, N.Lazreq, G.Plodowski, M.Schemm-Gregory,
nos.3-4, pp.194-218, 7/15/2008. (ISSN 1367-9120; Over 10 refs) E.Schindler and K.Weddige (Forschungsinst Senckenberg; Cadi
The terrestrial Umm Ghaddah Formation of late Ediacaran - Ayyad Univ). DEVONIAN EVENTS AND CORRELATIONS
early Cambrian age was deposited in NE-SW elongated [GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SPECIAL PUBLICATION
intracontinental rift system basins and sub-basins bounded by NO.278] pp.9-37, 2007. (ISBN 978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs)

GEOLOGY
Marine Lower Devonian successions are widely exposed in the turbidites into adjacent pelagic basins. Data from Oulmes and
Dra Valley (Southern Anti-Atlas, Moroccan Pre-Sahara). Resulting other Meseta regions suggest a timing of tectophases as early
from new studies, especially on brachiopods, conodonts, and Middle Famennian (starting within the marginifera Zone) and
dacryoconarid tentaculitids, the chronostratigraphic assignments of Upper Famennian (starting within the Middle expansa Zone),
the Lower Devonian formations are revised. Thanks to lateral and interrupted by transgressive pulses of the global Annulata and
vertical facies variations, it is possible to correlate pelagic and Dasberg Events.
neritic successions and corresponding biostratigraphies. Pelagic ................................................................
conodont, dacryoconarid and goniatite faunas allow correlations
and dating in the sense of the Bohemian and global NEW JERSEY 1,003,171
chronostratigraphies, whereas units of the traditional Rhenish
LOWER DEVONIAN INVERTEBRATE TRACE FOSSILS
subdivision can be identified by means of neritic brachiopods.
FROM THE ORISKANY FORMATION, NORTHWESTERN
................................................................
NEW JERSEY
MOROCCO 1,003,169 R.Metz (Kean Univ). NORTHEASTERN GEOLOGY AND
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES v.30, no.2, pp.111-117, June 2008.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AT THE FRASNIAN- (ISSN 0194-1453; Over 10 refs)
FAMENNIAN BOUNDARY IN CENTRAL MOROCCO Lower Devonian beach or barrier-bar deposits of light- to
(NORTHERN GONDWANA): INTEGRATED ROCK- medium-gray calcareous sandstones and medium- to medium dark-
MAGNETIC AND GEOCHEMICAL STUDIES gray siltstones of the Oriskany Formation, Delaware Water Gap
L.Riquier, O.Averbuch, N.Tribovillard, A.El Albani, N.Lazreq National Recreation Area, New Jersey, have yielded the trace
and S.Chakiri (Lille I Univ; Poitiers Univ; Cadi Ayyad Univ; Ibn fossils Planolites beverleyensis, Skolithos linearis, as well as a
Tofail Univ). DEVONIAN EVENTS AND CORRELATIONS bivalve escape structure. Skolithos linearis, representing vertically
[GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SPECIAL PUBLICATION oriented feeding burrows within light- to medium-gray calcareous
NO.278] pp.197-217, 2007. (ISBN 978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs) sandstones, records exploitation by opportunistic suspension
Rock magnetic (magnetic susceptibility and hysteresis feeders in a very shallow marine environment during dominant
parameters) and geochemical analyses (major and trace elements) high energy conditions. In contrast, Planolites beverleyensis,
were carried out on whole rock samples of two Frasnian-Famennian representing horizontally oriented shallow burrows within
boundary sections, Anajdam and Bou-Ounebdou in the Central medium- to medium dark-gray siltstones, denotes exploitation by
Morocco (Western Meseta). During the Frasnian, the decreasing opportunistic deposit feeders during relatively abrupt, short-lived
trend of the magnetic susceptibility signal, mainly carried by low- lower energy levels within the same environment.
coercivity magnetite grains, indicates a gradual reduction of ................................................................
detrital influx. This decrease in detrital input parallels a Frasnian
long-term sealevel rise. In the Late Frasnian Kellwasser Horizons, NEWFOUNDLAND 1,003,172
that are classically considered to represent highstand deposits, the
SEDIMENTOLOGY AND TAPHONOMY OF EDIACARAN
magnetic signal exhibits the lowest intensities in connection with
FOSSILS AT MISTAKEN POINT, SOUTHEASTERN
maximum diamagnetic contribution of the carbonate fraction. With
NEWFOUNDLAND
respect to geochemical data, the two black carbonate-rich
D.A.Wood, R.W.Dalrymple, G.M.Narbonne, M.E.Clapham and
Kellwasser Horizons are characterized by noticeable positive
J.G.Gehling (Queen’s Univ, Kingston; South Australian Museum).
anomalies of bottom-water dysoxic proxies and of marine primary
productivity markers. Our data thus suggest that in Central
Morocco, the Late Frasnian marine environments were marked by
a relatively important biogenic productivity favouring the onset of
oxygen-depleted conditions during periods of maximum
................................................................
transgression on the continental platforms.
................................................................ NEWFOUNDLAND 1,003,173
MOROCCO 1,003,170 POPULATION STRUCTURE, DIVERSITY, AND SPECIES
ABUNDANCE MODELS OF EDIACARAN COMMUNITIES AT
MIDDLE TO LATE FAMENNIAN SUCCESSIONS AT AIN
MISTAKEN POINT, NEWFOUNDLAND
JEMAA (MOROCCAN MESETA) - IMPLICATIONS FOR
M.E.Clapham, G.M.Narbonne and J.G.Gehling (Queen’s Univ,
REGIONAL CORRELATION, EVENT STRATIGRAPHY AND
Kingston; South Australian Museum). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
SYNSEDIMENTARY TECTONICS OF NW. GONDWANA
S.I.Kaiser, R.T.Becker and A.El Hassani (Naturkundemuseum
Stuttgart; Westfaelische Wilhelm Univ; Mohammed V Univ).
DEVONIAN EVENTS AND CORRELATIONS [GEOLOGICAL
SOCIETY OF LONDON SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO.278]
................................................................
pp.237-260, 2007. (ISBN 978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs)
Two pelagic successions near Ain Jemaa (Oulmes region, NEWFOUNDLAND 1,003,174
Moroccan Meseta) are dated by conodonts and ammonoids and
provide new data on the discontinuous Middle to Upper Famennian A MID-CRETACEOUS (UPPER BARREMIAN-TURONIAN)
faunal and facies evolution in the region. Upper Devonian shales LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC
and nodular limestones are assigned to the new Bou Gzem FRAMEWORK FOR THE HIBERNIA FIELD RESERVOIR,
Formation, which is subdivided into three members. The Upper JEANNE D’ARC BASIN, GRAND BANKS OF
Member consists of black shales that are correlated with the NEWFOUNDLAND
globally widespread, transgressive black shale interval of the N.R.Ainsworth, L.A.Riley and I.K.Sinclair (BVR International
Hangenberg Event. The overlying quartzites are interpreted as Ltd; Hibernia Mgmt & Dev Co Ltd). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT
prodeltaic deposits and assigned to the new Ta’arraft Formation MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
that probably correlate with the major regressive phase of the TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1; Available at
Hangenberg Event. Contemporaneous (Strunian) coarse http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
siliciclastics have a wide distribution in different structural units of [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
the Meseta. Both studied sections display a long sedimentary gap ................................................................
but of different extent at the base of the black shales. Comparison
with other regions of Hercynian Morocco suggest an influence of NEWFOUNDLAND 1,003,175
Eohercynian tectonics on sedimentation, leading to extreme
condensation and/or non-deposition, while other Meseta areas show INTEGRATED ICHNOLOGY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY OF
evidence of contemporaneous reworking on uplifted structural THE BEN NEVIS AND AVALON FORMATIONS, JEANNE
highs and massive shedding of mass flows, conglomerates and D’ARC BASIN, GRAND BANKS, NEWFOUNDLAND

GEOLOGY
M.V.Spila, S.G.Pemberton and I.K.Sinclair (Alberta Univ; the Upper Fauna. This important renewal of faunas could be in
Hibernia Mgmt & Dev Co Ltd). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT relation to the main lithological variations.
MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) ................................................................
http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) NORTH ATLANTIC BASIN 1,003,181
DRAINAGE REORGANIZATION DURING BREAKUP OF
................................................................
PANGEA REVEALED BY IN-SITU Pb ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS
NEWFOUNDLAND 1,003,176 OF DETRITAL K-FELDSPAR
S.Tyrrell, P.D.W.Haughton and J.S.Daly (Dublin Univ Coll).
THE GEOLOGICAL CHARACTER AND RESOURCE GEOLOGY v.35, no.11, pp.971-974, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0091-7613;
ESTIMATION FOR THE WHITE ROSE OIL AND GAS FIELD, Over 10 refs)
OFFSHORE NEWFOUNDLAND, CANADA Pb isotopes in detrital K-feldspar grains provide a powerful
K.Deutsch, L.Mayo and S.Hallstrom (Husky Energy). ANNUAL provenance tracer for feldspathic sandstones. Common Pb isotopic
GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, compositions show broad (hundred-kilometer scale) regional
5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1; variation, and this signature can survive weathering, transport,
Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) and diagenesis. The feldspar Pb signature can be measured rapidly
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] using laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-
................................................................ mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS), and careful targeting can
avoid inclusions and altered regions within grains. Here, we
NEWFOUNDLAND 1,003,177 combine a new Pb domain map for the circum-North Atlantic with
detrital K-feldspar Pb isotopic data from Triassic and Jurassic
FAULT SEAL AND FAULT POPULATION ANALYSIS OF
sandstones from basins on the Irish Atlantic margin. The Pb
THE HEBRON/BEN NEVIS AND TERRA NOVA OILFIELDS,
isotopic compositions reveal otherwise cryptic feldspar populations
OFFSHORE NEWFOUNDLAND
that constrain the evolving drainage pattern. Triassic sandstones
M.E.Rees and D.A.Spratt (Calgary Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
originated from distant Archean and Paleoproterozoic rocks,
probably in Greenland, Labrador, and the Rockall Bank to the
northwest, implying long (> 500 km) transport across a nascent rift
system. Later, Jurassic sandstones had a composite Paleo- and
Mesoproterozoic source in more proximal sources to the north (<
................................................................
150 km away). No recognizable feldspar was recycled from Triassic
NEWFOUNDLAND 1,003,178 into Jurassic sandstones, and the change in provenance is
consistent with distributed, low-relief Triassic extension in a wide
THE TERRA NOVA OIL FIELD, OFFSHORE rift, followed by narrower Jurassic rifting with more localized fault-
NEWFOUNDLAND, CANADA: A PRE-PRODUCTION controlled sediment sources and sinks.
GEOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................
E.A.Albrechtsons, I.D.Delong and M.Skaug (Petro-Canada;
Norsk Hydro ASA). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN 1,003,182
John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM
NAMBA, THE NORTH ATLANTIC MARGINS BASINS
2001. (Session SY1; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
ANALYSIS STUDY: THE EVOLUTION OF NORTH
Abstract only)
ATLANTIC BASINS
M.E.Odegard and C.M.Green (GETECH Inc; GETECH Ltd).
................................................................
NEWFOUNDLAND 1,003,179 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1;
TACONIC OROGENY AND THE ACCRETION OF THE [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
DASHWOODS BLOCK: A PERI-LAURENTIAN ................................................................
MICROCONTINENT IN THE IAPETUS OCEAN
J.W.F.Waldron and C.R.Van Staal (Alberta Univ; Canada NORTH SEA 1,003,183
Geological Survey). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St.
ALLUVIAL ARCHITECTURE AND CORRELATION IN THE
John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM
LATE TRIASSIC BLOMIDON FORMATION, BAY OF FUNDY,
2001. (Session SS16; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
E. CANADA: IMPLICATIONS FOR HYDROCARBON
Abstract only)
PRODUCTION, UK NORTHERN NORTH SEA
B.P.J.Williams, S.R.Gould and M.Roberts (Aberdeen Univ; Shell
................................................................
UK Explor & Prod). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St.
NORTH AFRICA 1,003,180 John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM
2001. (Session SY1; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
BRACHIOPOD FAUNAL CHANGES ACROSS THE Abstract only)
DEVONIAN-CARBONIFEROUS BOUNDARY IN NW. [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
SAHARA (MOROCCO, ALGERIA) ................................................................
D.Brice, M.Legrande-Blain and J.P.Nicollin (Inst Superieur
Agriculture). DEVONIAN EVENTS AND CORRELATIONS NORTH SEA 1,003,184
[GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SPECIAL PUBLICATION
BRITANNIA FIELD, UK NORTH SEA: PRODUCTION DATA
NO.278] pp.261-271, 2007. (ISBN 978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs)
REDEFINES STRATIGRAPHICAL ARCHITECTURE IN AN
Based on previous systematic studies of productid,
EXTENSIVELY CORED FIELD
rhynchonellid and spiriferid brachiopods from NW. Sahara
A.J.Palfrey, S.Archer, T.Feyijimi and S.Garrett (Britannia
(Morocco and Algeria), we recognize three successive faunas near
Operator Ltd). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary. A Lower Fauna, late
Famennian in age [IV(?)-V and lower VI(?) Zones], and an Upper
Fauna, early Tournaisian in age, are present in southern Morocco
Abstract only)
(Assa, Akka, Zemoul areas) and in Algeria, Timimoun area. A third
Intermediate Fauna, with few taxa, and differing according to the
................................................................
areas, is identified in southern Morocco. Northwards, in Tafilalt-
Ma’der basins, rare brachiopods, found above a Hangenberg Black
Shale equivalent, are in spite of taxonomic differences related to

GEOLOGY
NORTH SEA 1,003,185 NORTHWEST GERMAN BASIN 1,003,188
CALIBRATING FAULT SEAL USING A HYDROCARBON SUBSURFACE SEISMIC RECORD OF SALT GLACIERS IN
MIGRATION MODEL OF THE OSEBERG SYD AREA, AN EXTENSIONAL INTRACONTINENTAL SETTING (LATE
VIKING GRABEN TRIASSIC OF NORTHWESTERN GERMANY)
C.Childs, O.Sylta, S.Moriya, N.Morewood, T.Manzocchi, M.Mohr, J.K.Warren, P.A.Kukla, J.L.Urai and A.Irmen (RWE
J.J.Walsh and D.Hermanssen (Dublin Univ Coll; SINTEF Dea AG; Sultan Qaboos Univ; Aachen Technical Univ; Gaz de
Petroleumsforskning; Norsk Hydro). MARINE AND PETROLEUM France). GEOLOGY v.35, no.11, pp.963-966, Nov. 2007. (ISSN
GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, pp.764-774, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; 0091-7613; Over 10 refs)
Over 10 refs) In the Northwest German Basin of central Europe, Late
It is widely acknowledged that fault rock capillary properties Triassic interaction of normal faulting and salt diapirism during
are important in controlling the distribution of hydrocarbons in regional extension in subsalt basement locally initiated lateral flow
sedimentary basins, and methods exist for predicting the capillary of surface-piercing salt in namakiers (salt glaciers). Using seismic
seal capacity of prospect bounding faults. However, fault seal sections and variance attribute maps derived from high-resolution
capacity is rarely incorporated into models of hydrocarbon 3D seismic data, we show that when a syndepositional fault cuts a
migration. This paper presents the results of migration modelling near-emergent diapir crest, the caprock carapace was breached,
of the Oseberg Syd area of the Viking Graben incorporating fault opening a pathway for salt extrusion. The fault escarpment and the
rock capillary properties. Seal capacity is calculated in the model as adjacent fault-induced depression allowed focused gravity-driven
a function of shale gouge ratio (SGR), i.e. the percentage shale in downward flow of salt across the land surface (a namakier) and its
the sequence moved past a point on a fault. Over 3000 model subsequent preservation and encasement in continental (arid
realisations were run for different SGR to fault seal capacity redbed) sediments. Geodynamically there is an apparent distinction
relationships and the calculated hydrocarbon distributions were between the compressional setting of modern namakiers in the arid
compared with known distributions. Realisations were ranked deserts of Iran and the fault-intersected extensional setting of
according to the closeness of fit between model and actual oil-water stacked Keuper namakiers. Stacked namakiers preserved in
contacts for 7 traps. The best-fit to all 7 traps was provided by thicknesses that are seismically resolvable are interpreted to
realisations with significant seal capacity at SGR values greater indicate hyperarid conditions in Keuper time. The climate was
than ca 0.2; a value which is in agreement with an independently typical of the highly continental Late Triassic Pangaean
derived fault-by-fault calibration between SGR and seal capacity. supercontinent as it rifted and sagged to form the incipient Atlantic
The level of fill calculated for an individual trap is extremely Ocean.
sensitive to minor changes in the seal capacity relationship because ................................................................
it is controlled not only by the seal capacities of the faults that
bound the trap, but also by the pattern of fill-spill of upstream NORTHWEST TERRITORIES 1,003,189
traps. ... (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available)
LATE NEOPROTEROZOIC CAP CARBONATES,
................................................................
MACKENZIE MOUNTAINS, NW. CANADA: PRECIPITATION
NORTH SEA 1,003,186 AND GLOBAL GLACIAL MELTDOWN
N.P.James, G.M.Narbonne and T.K.Kyser (Queen’s Univ,
STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF THE FEDA GRABEN AREA Kingston). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
- A NEW MODEL Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001.
M.Tanveer and J.A.Korstgard (North Energy AS; Aarhus Univ). (Session SS12; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, pp.990-999, Abstract only)
June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
The pre-Cretaceous basin evolution of the Feda Graben area in ................................................................
the vicinity of the Norwegian-Danish basin has been reconstructed
utilizing geological and structural interpretation. The analysis NORTHWEST TERRITORIES 1,003,190
reveals that the basin was faulted at its borders prior to the salt
SEDIMENTOLOGY OF CA 1.83 GA ALLUVIAL FAN,
deposition in the Late Permian. Salt movement was initiated in
BRAIDED STREAM, AND LACUSTRINE DEPOSITS OF THE
Late Triassic and thick Triassic and Lower Jurassic pods were
BAKER LAKE GROUP, BAKER LAKE BASIN, NUNAVUT
deposited in the graben area due to this movement. Salt pillows
T.Hadlari and R.H.Rainbird (Carleton Univ; Canada Geological
were developing along the Feda Graben bordering faults until
Survey). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
Middle Jurassic when the pillows were collapsed. Salt diapirs
within the study area preferentially occupy the crest of the Feda
(Session GS8; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
Graben and their occurrence is controlled by the underlying faulted
Abstract only)
topography. The diapirs were fed by salt from the central and
southern parts of the basin and were developed by different
................................................................
processes i.e. upbuilding, downbuilding. Various raft structures
were developed in the graben area hanging wall while some uplift NORWAY 1,003,191
occurred in the footwall during Mesozoic rifting. The Feda Graben
area experienced rifting from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. THE ORMEN LANGE CHALLENGE
The most pronounced subsidence episode related with this rifting in T.A.Tangen and J.A.Tyssekvam (Norsk Hydro ASA). ANNUAL
the Feda Graben area took place along the eastern bounding Gert GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland,
Fault. The Mesozoic rifting event is marked by a major 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1;
unconformity on the seismic sections throughout the study area. ... Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
(c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available). [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
................................................................ ................................................................
NORTHWEST ATLANTIC OCEAN 1,003,187 NORWAY 1,003,192
SOURCE ROCKS IN EASTERN CANADA AND THE A SIMPLE AND EFFECTIVE METHOD OF SUBSURFACE
WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC MARGINS SYNTHETIC PERMEABILITY DETERMINATION OF THE
M.G.Fowler and M.Obermajer (Canada Geological Survey). JURASSIC SOGNEFJORD FORMATION IN THE TROLL
ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, FIELD, OFFSHORE NORWAY
5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SY1; E.A.Albrechtsons and S.Rodgers (Petro-Canada; Schlumberger
Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only) GeoQuest). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001.
................................................................ (Session SY1; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
Abstract only)
................................................................
GEOLOGY
NORWAY 1,003,193 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY 1,003,196
CLAY MINERAL DIAGENESIS AND QUARTZ OCEAN STRATIFICATION AND METAZOAN EVOLUTION
CEMENTATION IN MUDSTONES: THE EFFECTS OF G.A.Shields (Ottawa-Carleton Geosci Ctr). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
SMECTITE TO ILLITE REACTION ON ROCK PROPERTIES JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
C.Peltonen, O.Marcussen, K.Bjorlykke and J.Jahren (Oslo TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS12; Available at
Univ). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; 2 refs; Abstract only)
pp.887-898, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
The Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary sequence of the Voring ................................................................
and More Basins from the Norwegian Sea has been examined with
respect to mineralogy based on 319 cutting samples from five wells. PANGAEA 1,003,197
A clear relationship between mineralogy and well log data is
GEOGRAPHIC RANGE AND GENUS LONGEVITY OF LATE
demonstrated. A significant change with respect to velocity,
PALEOZOIC BRACHIOPODS
porosity and density occurs within the depth interval corresponding
M.G.Powell (Juniata Coll). PALEOBIOLOGY v.33, no.4,
to 80-90°C. At shallow depths/temperatures (< 2.0 km/70°C),
pp.530-546, Fall 2007. (ISSN 0094-8373; Over 10 refs)
compaction is mainly mechanical and the physical properties are
Geographic range size is one of the few traits that promoted
similar to what has been measured by experimental compaction of
survivorship during both mass and background extinctions, but the
mudstones. At greater depths, however, the log derived velocities
exact reason (or reasons) why a large geographic range confers
and densities are higher than those produced by experimental
extinction resistance remains unclear. Proposed explanations have
compaction indicating significant chemical compaction. XRD
focused on the roles of dispersal ability, climate tolerance, global
analyses show a progressive alteration of smectite to illite (S-I)
abundance, and widespread ranges in predicting taxon longevities.
within this depth/temperature interval which results in the release
This study uses biogeographic data for late Paleozoic brachiopod
of significant amounts of silica into solution. Detrital silt and fine-
genera to test the relative contribution of these traits to genus
grained quartz showed no secondary quartz overgrowths. These
longevities, using simple but accurate proxy measurements. The
grains are isolated within a clay matrix and surrounded by clay
results demonstrate a strong positive relationship between genus
minerals, thus limiting the available surface area and pore space
longevity and geographic range size, which is robust to several
for quartz overgrowths. Chemical analyses (XRF) indicate that
potential errors. Further, latitudinal range, which predominantly
silica is conserved within this depth interval, and the amount
reflects climate tolerance, was no more important than longitudinal
released from S-I alteration was locally precipitated. ... (c2008
range, which predominantly reflects dispersal ability, in predicting
Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available)
genus longevities. Rather, longevities were an outcome of the total
................................................................
number of occurrences, which estimates global abundance, and the
NOVA SCOTIAN SHELF 1,003,194 advantages of widespread distribution, regardless of which
particular traits were responsible for generating the total
COHASSET, PANUKE AND BALMORAL OILFIELDS, geographic range. The advantages of a large geographic range were
OFFSHORE NOVA SCOTIA: CANADA’S FIRST OFFSHORE apparent during both background and mass extinctions of late
PRODUCTION Paleozoic time. Although not statistically significant, there was a
J.R.Hogg and I.D.Delong (PanCanadian Petroleum Ltd; Petro- tendency for the greatest selectivity to occur in intervals with the
Canada Inc). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, lowest extinction rates.
Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. ................................................................
Abstract only) PENNSYLVANIA 1,003,198
THE MAKING OF A HIGH-POROSITY, HIGH-
................................................................
PERMEABILITY RESERVOIR - THE MURRYSVILLE
OMAN 1,003,195 SANDSTONE OF PENNSYLVANIA
R.Smosna and M.L.Sager (West Virginia Univ; Dominion Explor
EYE-TO-EYE WITH A MEGA-SHEATH FOLD: A CASE & Prod Inc). NORTHEASTERN GEOLOGY AND
STUDY FROM WADI MAYH, NORTHERN OMAN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES v.30, no.2, pp.87-100, June 2008.
MOUNTAINS (ISSN 0194-1453; Over 10 refs)
M.P.Searle and G.I.Alsop (Oxford Univ; St Andrews Univ). Reservoir characteristics of the Upper Devonian Murrysville
GEOLOGY v.35, no.11, pp.1043-1046, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0091-7613; Sandstone in southwestern Pennsylvania are outstanding: porosity
Over 10 refs) exceeds 20% and permeability approaches 1000 md. The porosity is
Sheath folds are highly curvilinear folds, typically considered to very good for a number of reasons. (1) Delta-plain sands were
develop by hinge rotation toward the transport direction during moderately sorted and well washed, thus, original porosity was
intense deformation. We present evidence for a mega-scale sheath high. (2) Currents also destroyed many mechanically unstable lithic
fold superbly exposed in the northern Oman Mountains. The Saih grains, and the resulting sediment became quartz-rich.
Hatat culmination consists of an exhumed high-pressure Consequently, during shallow burial, the sandstone suffered just a
subduction zone with deep-level eclogites and garnet blueschists moderate degree of compaction and porosity loss. (3) The mixing of
(As Sifah unit), epidote blueschists (Hulw unit) and carpholite- river water and sea water in the deltaic environment allowed iron
bearing metasediments. Sheath folds are present at a variety of mineralization to take place during deposition and early diagenesis,
scales throughout the As Sifah, Hulw, and Upper plate tectonic creating thin chlorite coatings on the detrital grains. Access of fresh
packages. Curvilinear fold hinges along a 15-km-long profile outline water to the Murrysville, however, soon ended because of an
the Wadi Mayh mega-sheath fold, which closes to the SSW and ensuing transgression. Nevertheless, chlorite coatings proved
faces to the NNE. It consists of at least four secondary sheath folds effective in preserving much of the remaining porosity in that they
with cross-sectional (y-z) eye folds measuring 200 m stacked on top inhibited the precipitation of destructive quartz overgrowths. (4)
of one another within Permian and Triassic shelf carbonates. These Leaching of chemically unstable lithic grains and feldspars in the
eye folds display highly elliptical geometries (Ryz > 5) and cat’s-eye deep subsurface generated additional porosity. (5) Porosity
fold patterns consistent with simple/general shear. The sheath fold reduction by late-stage calcite cement was volumetrically
is enveloped by Ordovician and older rocks that do not show equal unimportant. Permeability in the Murrysville Sandstone is very
amounts of internal deformation. The upper bounding envelope is a good because of the rocks’ very good porosity, coarse grain size, and
detachment that has been subsequently sheath folded. The lower the low clay content, both detrital matrix and authigenic chlorite.
boundary of the sheath fold is the Upper plate - Lower plate ................................................................
detachment, which forms a major high-strain shear zone showing
little vertical displacement but significant horizontal displacement.
................................................................

GEOLOGY
PERSIAN GULF 1,003,199 system required a variance from the standard USCG deck gear
requirements.
PALYNOLOGY AND PETROLEUM POTENTIAL OF THE ................................................................
KAZHDUMI FORMATION (CRETACEOUS: ALBIAN-
CENOMANIAN) IN THE SOUTH PARS FIELD, NORTHERN PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERA 1,003,202
PERSIAN GULF
E.Ghasemi-Nejad, M.J.Head and M.Naderi (Tehran Univ; Brock ITERATIVE EVOLUTION OF DIGITATE PLANKTONIC
Univ). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, FORAMINIFERA
pp.805-816, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) H.K.Coxall, P.A.Wilson, P.N.Pearson and P.E.Sexton (Cardiff
The Kazhdumi Formation of the Bangestan Group is a well- Univ; Scripps Inst Oceanogr; Southampton Oceanogr Ctr).
known source rock that has produced abundant oil in most PALEOBIOLOGY v.33, no.4, pp.495-516, Fall 2007. (ISSN
petroleum fields in the Zagros Basin, which stretches from 0094-8373; Over 10 refs)
northwest to southwest Iran over hundreds of kilometres. The Digitate shell morphologies have evolved repeatedly in
formation reaches a thickness of 230 m at the type section in planktonic foraminifera throughout the Cretaceous and Cenozoic.
northwest Zagros but thins out to 40-50 m in wells studied from the Digitate species are usually rare in fossil and modern assemblages
South Pars giant petroleum field, where it comprises mainly grey but show increased abundance and diversity at times during the
shales with occasional intercalations of marls and sandstones. Cretaceous and middle Eocene. In this paper we discuss the
South Pars, best known as the Iranian part of the world’s largest morphology and stratigraphic distribution of digitate planktonic
non-associated gas field, contains small quantities of oil above and foraminifera and establish the isotopic depth ecology of fossils to
below the Kazhdumi Formation. Palynology has been used to assess draw parallels with modern counterparts. δ18O and δ13C values of
the age and palaeoenvironment of the Kazhdumi Formation and to six extinct and two modern digitate species, from six time slices
evaluate its petroleum potential. A total of 68 ditch cutting samples (Cenomanian, Turonian, Eocene, Miocene, Pleistocene and
recovered from five wells, of which four are oil-prone, have been Holocene) have similar isotopic depth ecologies, consistently
analyzed. An age between late Albian and Cenomanian is registering the most negative δ13C and usually the most positive
established for the formation based on dinoflagellate cyst δ18O compared to coexisting species. These results indicate a
biostratigraphy, and four palynofacies types have been recognized similar deep, subthermocline (> 150 m) habitat, characterized by
using the relative proportions of terrestrial elements, marine lower temperatures, reduced oxygen, and enrichment of dissolved
palynomorphs and amorphous organic matter (AOM). The ratio of inorganic carbon. This is consistent with water-column plankton
terrestrial to marine elements is high in most samples, indicating a studies that provide insight into the depth preferences of the three
nearshore sedimentary environment. ... (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) modern digitate species. In over 70% of observations digitates
(Longer abstract available) occurred in nets below 150 m, and down to 2,000 m. The correlation
................................................................ between digitate species and subsurface habitats across multiple
epochs suggests that elongated chambers were advantageous for
PHILIPPINES 1,003,200 survival in a deep mesopelagic habitat, where food is usually
scarce.
SMALLEST PHILIPPINE BLOCK HAS SHALLOW GAS, ................................................................
DEEP REEF POTENTIAL
J.Hale and E.F.Durkee (E F Durkee & Assocs Inc). OIL & GAS POLAND 1,003,203
JOURNAL v.107, no.20, pp.36-38,40, 5/25/2009. (ISSN 0030-1388)
Record attendance levels experienced at the April 20-24 ICHNOLOGICAL RECORD OF DEEP-SEA
Southeast Asia Petroleum Exploration farmout forum in Singapore PALAEOENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AROUND THE
signal an undiminished level of interest in regional exploration OCEANIC ANOXIC EVENT 2 (CENOMANIAN-TURONIAN
prospects. The SEAPEX showing surprised many organizers and BOUNDARY): AN EXAMPLE FROM THE BARNASIOWKA
attendees in view of the world economic slump and the price of oil. SECTION, POLISH OUTER CARPATHIANS
Some 650 attended against the 550 expected. This bodes well for A.Uchman, K.Bak and F.J.Rodriguez-Tovar (Jagiellonian Univ;
2009-2012 exploration in Southeast Asia. World class Cracow Pedagogical Univ; Granada Univ). PALAEOGEOGRAPHY,
presentations, posters, and papers demonstrated the vast potential PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY, PALAEOECOLOGY v.262, nos.1-2,
of the some 10 million plus sq km of onshore and offshore areas in pp.61-71, 5/27/2008. (ISSN 0031-0182; Over 10 refs)
the region. The object of this article is not to dwell on the Trace fossil assemblages including Planolites, Thalassinoides,
significance of the vast exploration licences and plays that can be Palaeophycus, Taenidium, Chondrites and Trichichnus have been
enjoyed by majors and independent consortia in Southeast Asia. determined in the Upper Cenomanian turbiditic deep-water
Rather, we have taken one of the smallest licenses in the region, SC succession, corresponding to the pre-OAE-2 interval in the
52 covering 960 sq km in northeast Luzon, Philippines, to Barnasiowka-Ostra Gora section, the Skole Nappe, Polish Outer
demonstrate what can be done with careful research of existing Carpathians. These assemblages indicate that oxygenation within
data. sediment fluctuated from oxic to dysoxic zone. The overlying
................................................................ uppermost Cenomanian organic-rich facies (Bonarelli-equivalent
horizon), corresponding to the main interval of the OAE-2 contains
PISTON CORER 1,003,201 black shale layers, devoid of trace fossils representing anoxic
(euxinic) events, and green shales that include Chondrites,
WHOI LONG CORE SYSTEM INSTALLED ON THE RV Planolites and Thalassinoides, recording dysoxic intervals. Three
KNORR subintervals (phases) within the OAE-2 sediments have been
K.FitzGerald and J.Broda (The Glosten Associates; Woods Hole distinguished in the Barnasiowka section, based on trace fossil
Oceanogr Inst). SEA TECHNOLOGY v.49, no.7, pp.15-18, July diversity, ichnofabrics and chemical redox indices. These phases
2008. (ISSN 0093-3651; 3 refs) correspond to intervals with various intensity of sea floor
Marine sediments can provide a high-resolution record of oxygenation. Ichnofabrics within the OAE-2 succession was also
environmental change over geologic time. The key to recovering controlled by consistency of sediment. Post-OAE-2 interval recorded
accurate sediment records is to maintain the dimensional accuracy by the earliest Turonian red and green siliceous-manganiferous
of the sediment layers in the recovered core sample. Woods Hole shales and two Fe-Mn layers represent sediments deposited in well
Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) has developed a 46-meter piston oxygenated conditions under extremely low sedimentation rate.
corer to recover long, undisturbed core samples from full ocean Most of the shales are parallel-laminated, and they do not include
depths. The size of the deck gear to handle the coring device, any benthic microfossils and trace fossils, however some of the red
release assembly and coring line required extensive shipyard and green layers display cryptic bioturbation. ... (c2008 Elsevier
modifications to the 83-meter RV Knorr. The scale of these B.V.) (Longer abstract available)
modifications required a vessel incline stability test, modifications ................................................................
to the ship’s trim and stability book and extensive participation by
the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) and American Bureau of Shipping to
maintain the Knorr’s class approval. The rope strength in the

GEOLOGY
POLAND 1,003,204 QUEBEC 1,003,207
FROM PEAT BOG TO LIGNITE SEAM: A NEW METHOD TO THE HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL OF THE SILURIAN-
CALCULATE THE CONSOLIDATION COEFFICIENT OF DEVONIAN GASPE BELT IN QUEBEC: CURRENT
LIGNITE SEAMS, WIELKOPOLSKA REGION IN CENTRAL KNOWLEDGE ON SOURCE ROCKS, RESERVOIRS AND
POLAND TECTONOSTRATIGRAPHIC HISTORY
M.Widera, G.Jachna-Filipczuk, R.Kozula and S.Mazurek (Adam D.Lavoie, R.Bertrand, P.A.Bourque, G.Chi, P.Dansereau,
Mickiewicz Univ; ADAMOW JSC; PROXIMA JSC; KONIN JSC). M.Fowler, D.Kirkwood, M.Malo, K.Rogers et al. (Canada Geological
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES v.96, no.5, Survey). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
pp.947-955, Oct. 2007. (ISSN 1437-3254; Over 10 refs) Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001.
Only one quantitative method is described in the literature to (Session SY1; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
estimate the consolidation coefficient of lignite seams. More studies Abstract only)
concentrate on the compaction of plant tissues, which explains why [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
the obtained results are overestimated. Moreover, most studies do ................................................................
not commonly determine the consolidation of the whole peat bog
but usually those of some of its elements only. We propose a new QUEBEC 1,003,208
approach, which conceptually is fairly close to the Hager et al.
ANTICOSTI, ESTUARY AND GULF OF ST. LAWRENCE,
(Fortschr Geol Rheinld Westf 29:319-352, 1981) method. Our
QUEBEC: A PETROLEUM REGION TO BE DISCOVERED
method has been tested on an example of the first Middle-Polish
C.Morin (Quebec Ministry Nat Rsces). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
lignite seam and the second Lusatian lignite seam from some
Wielkopolska lignite deposits in central Poland. The consolidation
coefficients, Cc, range between 2.34 and 2.56 for the second
Lusatian lignite seam and between 1.80 and 2.14 for the first
Middle-Polish lignite seam.
................................................................
................................................................
QUEBEC 1,003,209
PORTUGAL 1,003,205
GEOMETRY AND ORIGIN OF SUPRACRUSTAL FAULTS OF
CONTROLLING FACTORS ON CLAY MINERAL
THE CHARLEVOIX AREA, QUEBEC
ASSEMBLAGES: INSIGHTS FROM FACIES ANALYSIS OF
Y.Lemieux, A.Tremblay and D.Lavoie (Natural Resources
PLIOCENE TO PLEISTOCENE COASTAL MARGIN
Canada; INRS-Georessources; Canada Geological Survey).
DEPOSITS, WESTERN PORTUGAL
P.Dinis and A.F.Soares (Coimbra Univ). GEOLOGICA ACTA
v.5, no.2, pp.177-192, 2007. (ISSN 1695-6133; Over 10 refs)
The clay fractions in the Pliocene to Pleistocene coastal margin
record are usually dominated by kaolinite and illite, with lesser
................................................................
amounts of vermiculite, 10-14 mixed layer clays and smectite. The
high clay mineral crystallinity, the mineralogical relations to facies QUEBEC 1,003,210
and depositional setting and some horizontal variations along
coeval deposits suggest that clay assemblages are mainly detrital. THE LOWER PALEOZOIC PASSIVE MARGIN IN THE
Illite is more important in inner shelf deposits and particularly in QUEBEC REENTRANT: A NOT SO PASSIVE MARGIN
alluvial deposits from eastern locations. The high illite content in AFTER ALL
eastern alluvial deposits is explained by the input from the D.Lavoie, O.Salad Hersi, P.A.Bourque, C.Morin and C.Samson
neighbouring Iberian Variscan Massif that is rich in mica. The high (Canada Geological Survey; INRS-Georessources; Laval Univ;
kaolinite content in prograding sand and gravel coastal plain is Quebec Ministry Nat Rsces). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT
partially explained by the availability of this mineral in the MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
drainage areas. Given the arkosic nature of some of these deposits, TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS16; Available at
post-depositional feldspars weathering would also contribute to an http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
increase in kaolinite content. Vermiculite is particularly important [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
close to the surface and to unconformities, in horizons influenced by ................................................................
pedogenetic processes that have more aluminous illite with
relatively low crystallinity. In organic rich mud sediments, low pH RADIOGRAPHY 1,003,211
conditions favour post-depositional transformation of illite to
vermiculite and mixed layer clays. X-RADIOGRAPHIC COMPUTED AXIAL TOMOGRAPHY OF
................................................................ NEOPROTEROZOIC FOSSILS
J.W.Hagadorn and K.H.Nealson (California Inst Technol).
PYRENEES MT AREA 1,003,206 ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland,
ON THE UPPER ORDOVICIAN UNCONFORMITY IN THE Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
PYRENEES: NEW EVIDENCE FROM THE LA CERDANYA [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
AREA ................................................................
J.M.Casas and O.Fernandez (Barcelona Univ; Midland Valley
Exploration). GEOLOGICA ACTA v.5, no.2, pp.193-198, 2007. ROCK DEFORMATION 1,003,212
In recent years, contradictory reports have been made about TENSOR3D: A COMPUTER GRAPHICS PROGRAM TO
whether or not an unconformity exists at the base of the Upper SIMULATE 3D REAL-TIME DEFORMATION AND
Ordovician succession of the Pyrenees. In the La Cerdanya area VISUALIZATION OF GEOMETRIC BODIES
(Central Pyrenees), good outcrop evidence for this unconformity is L.P.Lavorante and H.D.Ebert (Petroleo Brasileiro SA; Paulista
displayed at the base of the Rabassa conglomerates. In this area, State Univ). COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES v.34, no.7,
the Upper Ordovician rocks overlie a tilted Cambro-Ordovician pp.738-753, July 2008. (ISSN 0098-3004; Over 10 refs)
sequence, displaying an angular unconformity and indicating a Tensor3D is a geometric modeling program with the capacity to
break in the stratigraphic series. Moreover, the existence of such an simulate and visualize in real-time the deformation, specified
unconformity is supported by the distribution of Variscan minor through a tensor matrix and applied to triangulated models
structures, suggesting that the Cambro-Ordovician and the Upper representing geological bodies. 3D visualization allows the study of
Ordovician strata initially had different orientations before the deformational processes that are traditionally conducted in 2D,
main Variscan folding. such as simple and pure shears. Besides geometric objects that are
................................................................ immediately available in the program window, the program can

GEOLOGY
read other models from disk, thus being able to import objects proportional to the quality of the data record, and the colour
created with different open-source or proprietary programs. A indicates different tectonic regimes. Stress maps can be produced in
strain ellipsoid and a bounding box are simultaneously shown and different geographical projections and high-quality output formats.
instantly deformed with the main object. The principal axes of CASMI also allows the integration of user-defined stress data sets
strain are visualized as well to provide graphical information about and a wide range of other data such as topography, Harvard
the orientation of the tensor’s normal components. The deformed centroid moment tensors, polygons, text data, and plate motion
models can also be saved, retrieved later and deformed again, in trajectories. ... (c2007 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available)
order to study different steps of progressive strain, or to make this ................................................................
data available to other programs. The shape of stress ellipsoids and
the corresponding Mohr circles defined by any stress tensor can ROCK STRESS 1,003,215
also be represented. The application was written using the
IN-SITU STRESS MEASUREMENT USING BOREHOLE
Visualization ToolKit, a powerful scientific visualization library in
DATA: A PART OF COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION
the public domain. ... (c2007 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract
K.Yamamoto (Japan Oil Gas & Metal Corp). BUTSURI-TANSA
available)
v.60, no.2, pp.113-129, April 2007. (ISSN 0912-7984; Over 10 refs;
................................................................
In Japanese)
ROCK FAILURE 1,003,213 Measurement of the earth stress arouses interest among
scientists and engineers of various fields, such as earth science, oil
REPRODUCIBILITY OF MICRO-CRACKS AT TENSILE and gas field development, civil engineering, etc. Many different
FAILURE OF ROCK BY MESHLESS METHOD kinds of measurement techniques have been developed for accurate
J.Takekawa, Y.Sanada, Y.Yamada, H.Mikada and Y.Ashida measurements of the six components of stress tensor. Among them,
(Kyoto Univ). BUTSURI-TANSA v.60, no.2, pp.171-182, April 2007. the in-situ measurement methods in borehole are particularly
(ISSN 0912-7984; Over 10 refs; In Japanese) valuable because the stress is a value of state then it is difficult to
Element Free Galerkin Method (EFGM) was applied to rock know remotely by geophysical exploration techniques. There are
tests for engineering purposes. EFGM is free from connectivity several methods with different principles, characteristics, and
between nodes and elements, and it assures high accuracy with a limitations in two categories of the techniques: downhole testing
small number of elements. In the numerical simulation, rock and well logging. Hydraulic fracturing is a testing technique along
specimens were considered as a statistical heterogeneous material with the stress relief method. This method is applicable in deep
having local strength distributions, such as a Weibull-type boreholes, and the measured pressures can give the information on
distribution. Uniaxial tensile tests and Brazilian tests which the minimum and maximum horizontal stresses. However, there
examine tensile strength of the rock specimen were numerically are some recently revealed problems in the interpretation of the
simulated. In both simulations, microscopic failures were observed pressures, such as the identification of fracture reopening pressure.
prior to the generation of macroscopic failure plane. In uniaxial As a well logging technique for stress measurement, wellbore image
tensile tests, microscopic failures were observed all over the analysis for the identification of wellbore breakout and drilling-
specimen when stresses were enough lower than the failure induced tensile fracture is commonly used. Also pressure-while-
strengths of the specimens. On the other hand, in Brazilian tests, drilling tools for the monitoring of pressure history of unintended
microscopic failures were observed only around the center of the hydraulic fracturing, and the dispersion of splitting shear wave
specimen and formed an elongated ellipse with its major axis velocities by dipole sonic tools, are introduced. The conventional
parallel to the loading direction. In both simulations, these Eaton’s equation cannot be used directly to determine the
microscopic failure planes localize the specimen with an increase in horizontal stress, but can give an idea about the vertical variation
the loading stress. Finally macroscopic failure planes were formed of the stress components. There is no single method that can give
perpendicular and parallel to the loading direction for the uniaxial all of the components of stress tensor. The determination of the
tensile tests and Brazilian tests, respectively. The microscopic and stress magnitudes, particularly the maximum horizontal stress
macroscopic failure developing processes in both simulations magnitude, requires the combination of the different methods that
correspond to that of laboratory tests. In order to verify whether the can constrain the possible range of each stress magnitude. Since
numerical simulation method used in this study reflects statistical most of the techniques for stress estimation are not direct
distribution of local strength, the correlativity between output measurement of stress, but indirect evaluation through stress-
shape parameters and input shape parameters was examined using induced deformation and strain, understandings of mechanical
an evaluation technique based on the relationship between AE characteristics such as elasticity, shear strength, and fracture
counts and loading stress during uniaxial tensile tests. There was occurrence of the formation rock are necessary.
consistent correlation between output shape parameters and input ................................................................
shape parameters in our simulation results.
................................................................ RUSSIAN REPUBLIC ASIA 1,003,216
ROCK STRESS 1,003,214 STAGES OF LATE MESOZOIC AND CENOZOIC RIFTING IN

SOUTHEASTERN RUSSIA AND ADJACENT REGIONS:
CASMI - A VISUALIZATION TOOL FOR THE WORLD IMPLICATION FOR THE PETROLEUM POTENTIAL
STRESS MAP DATABASE G.L.Kirillova (Russian Academy Sciences). DOKLADY EARTH
O.Heidbach and J.Hoehne (Karlsruhe Univ; Heidelberg SCIENCES v.419, no.2, pp.239-242, Feb.-March 2008. (ISSN
Academy Science). COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES v.34, no.7, 1028-334X; Over 10 refs)
pp.783-791, July 2008. (ISSN 0098-3004; Over 10 refs) Rifting in eastern Asia was repeatedly active in the zone
The World Stress Map (WSM) project has compiled a global extending from Lake Baikal to the Pacific coast during the Late
database of quality-ranked data records on the contemporary Mesozoic and Cenozoic. This process was characterized by slightly
tectonic stresses in the Earth’s crust. The WSM 2005 database different styles within orogenic belts, cratons, and continental
release contains approximately 16,000 data records from different margins. One can define two main (Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic)
types of stress indicators such as earthquake focal mechanisms rifting stages. The repeated rifting in eastern Asia is now explained
solutions, well bore breakouts, hydraulic fracturing and overcoring by a combination of deep physicochemical lithospheric processes
measurements, as well as quaternary fault-slip data and volcanic and large-scale interaction of the Pacific, Eurasian, and Indian
alignments. To provide a software tool for database visualization, plates. The formation of the Mesozoic East Asian margin
analysis and interpretation of stress data as well its integration terminated in the mid-Albian by amalgamation of a system of
with other data records, we developed the program CASMI. This terranes, intense magmatism, and development of a complex fold-
public domain software tool for Unix-like operating systems enables thrust structure of the Sikhote-Alin orogenic belt. The frontal
the selection of stress data records from the WSM database subduction zone shifted to the east. The extended East Sikhote-Alin
according to location, data quality, type of stress indicator, and volcanic belt appeared along the continental margin in the Late
depth. Each selected data record is visualized by a symbol that Cretaceous. Intense intrusive magmatism was also in progress. All
represents the type of stress indicator and the orientation of the these processes produced a thick low-density crust that naturally
maximum horizontal compressive stress. Symbol size is started to rise and break down, resulting in the formation of

GEOLOGY
Cenozoic rift systems along the differently oriented (older) RUSSIAN REPUBLIC ASIA 1,003,219
weakened zones. At the Cenozoic stage, the formation of faults and
their systems was governed by interaction between the Eurasian DEFORMATION OF THE CHUKCHI MICROCONTINENT:
and Indian plates. The northward migration rate of the Indian STRUCTURAL, LITHOLOGIC, AND GEOCHRONOLOGICAL
Plate increased to 1.8 cm/yr in the terminal Cretaceous-initial EVIDENCE
Cenozoic. At this stage, dextral strike-slip faults were dominant M.I.Tuchkova, G.E.Bondarenko, M.I.Buyakaite, D.I.Golovin,
along with pull-apart processes. The NE-extending Tan Lu-Okhotsk I.O.Galuskina and E.V.Pokrovskaya (Russian Academy Sciences;
and meridional Hokkaido-Sakhalin strike-slip - pull-apart systems Rusneftegaz; Silesia Univ). GEOTECTONICS v.41, no.5,
have the highest petroleum potential. pp.403-421, Sept.-Oct. 2007. (ISSN 0016-8521; Over 10 refs)
................................................................ This paper presents the results of structural, lithologic, and
geochronological (K-Ar, Rb-Sr) studies of the Carnian terrigenous
RUSSIAN REPUBLIC ASIA 1,003,217 rocks in the sedimentary cover of the Chukchi microcontinent and
U-Pb dating of detrital zircons. From the lithological features, three
REFINEMENT OF THE GEOLOGICAL MODEL OF THE types of sections are recognized. Terrigenous sequences of the first
VERKHNESALAT OIL FIELD (TOMSK DISTRICT) BASED type were deposited on the outer shelf in the distal zone of the
ON LITHOFACIES INVESTIGATIONS OF THE MIDDLE- prograding delta, sequences of the second type accumulated at the
UPPER JURASSIC PRODUCTIVE BED rise of continental slope, and sediments of the third type are
A.V.Ezhova (Tomsk Polytechnic Univ). DOKLADY EARTH characteristic of the pelagic zone. In mineralogy and geochemistry,
SCIENCES v.419, no.2, pp.235-238, Feb.-March 2008. (ISSN sandstones are rather uniform and inherit the sialic composition of
1028-334X; 4 refs) provenance. The detrital zircons comprise several populations with
The Verkhnesalat oil field is confined to the Middle Vasyugan predominance of the varieties derived from igneous rocks. The U-Pb
megaswell located in the southeastern part of the West Siberian age of the youngest population is 236-255 Ma. The conditions of
Plate. Callovian-Oxfordian rocks of this region are productive. postsedimentation alteration reached those of greenschist
Based on the complete quantitative analysis of 42 thin sections metamorphic facies and anchimetamorphism. Several cleavage
(Well 28), the study of capacitance-filtration properties, and electric systems have been established. Sericite related to the oldest system
and radioactive log data (wells 28, 21, 30, 31, and 33), we have is distinguished by elevated Ti, Mn, and Fe components. The first
established the following specific features of the productive stage of deformation of the Carnian sedimentary rocks about 200
sequence in the Verkhnesalat oil field. (1) The presence of fossil Ma ago resulted in the rearrangement of K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic
fauna, as well as glauconite and chlorite inclusions, indicating the systems in whole-rock samples and minerals and is clearly recorded
facies affiliation of sandstones from the base of the section to in isotopic data. It is suggested that the deformation related to the
marine rocks of the lower Vasyugan Subformation has been normal faulting in Triassic rocks and the emergence of the Lesser
substantiated. Identification of coal seam CS2 based on GIS data Anyui Block were plausible causes of the first structural
allowed us to assign the overlying sandy beds to Horizon J1 and rearrangement.
designate them as J16 and J15 . (2) We have substantiated the ................................................................
identification of sandy beds-reservoirs J14, J13, and J12
(characterized by core), as well as Bed J11 in the upper part of the RUSSIAN REPUBLIC EUROPE 1,003,220
Vasyugan Formation. (3) The elaborated subdivision allows us to
refine and specify the ideas on distribution of productive beds- FAUNAL SUCCESSION IN THE TERMINAL PROTEROZOIC
reservoirs. This is a very topical issue in the development of oil OF RUSSIA
fields. M.A.Fedonkin and A.Y.Ivantsov (Russian Academy Sciences).
................................................................ ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland,
RUSSIAN REPUBLIC ASIA 1,003,218 Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
POSITION OF BASALTIC FLOWS IN THE DEVONIAN ................................................................
SECTION OF THE EASTERN FRAMING OF THE SIBERIAN
PLATFORM RUSSIAN REPUBLIC EUROPE 1,003,221
V.V.Baranov (Russian Academy Sciences). DOKLADY EARTH
SCIENCES v.419, no.2, pp.222-225, Feb.-March 2008. (ISSN EDIACARAN TRACE FOSSILS REINTERPRETED AS
1028-334X; 10 refs) ENOPHYOPHORAN PROTISTS
The Devonian section located between the Tompo and A.Leguta and A.Seilacher (Russian Academy Sciences; Yale
Vostochnaya Khandyga rivers in the eastern framing of the Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
Siberian Platform (southern Verkhoyansk region, Sette-Daban Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001.
Range) hosts four basaltic flows: the Middle Devonian (Givetian), (Session SS12; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
Frasnian (two flows), and Famennian. Areal eruptions of basaltic Abstract only)
lavas were associated with crustal extension or rifting. All the [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
Devonian sections enclosing basaltic flows were described with bed- ................................................................
by-bed sampling of nektonic and benthic faunal fossils along the
RUSSIAN REPUBLIC EUROPE 1,003,222
Khandyga-Magadan highway on the eastern bank of the
Vostochnaya Khandyga River between the Segennyakh and NEW DATA ON THE EARLY ARCHEAN AGE OF
Nyukunnya rivers. The complete sedimentary sequence of the GRANITOIDS IN THE VOLGA-URAL SEGMENT OF THE
Emsian Stage was first established in the Lower-Middle Devonian EAST EUROPEAN CRATON
reference section along the Tikhii Creek. The lower half section, E.V.Bibikova, S.V.Bogdanova, A.N.Larionov, A.A.Fedotova,
which corresponds to the kitabicus-inversus conodont zones, is A.V.Postnikov, L.P.Popova, T.I.Kirnozova and M.M.Fugzan
represented by a clayey-carbonate sequence with diverse organic (Vernadsky Inst Geochem; Lund Univ). DOKLADY EARTH
remains. The upper half of the section is composed of variegated SCIENCES v.419, no.2, pp.243-247, Feb.-March 2008. (ISSN
rocks with basaltic flows, which are united into the Komar 1028-334X; Over 10 refs)
Formation. Its late Emsian age is substantiated by the assemblage The precise dating of the Volga-Ural complexes is an urgent
of tabulatomorph corals Favosites goldfussi d’Orbigny, issue in terms of regional and global correlations, as well as
Crassialveolites pellicularis Dubatolov, and Scoliopora delecta reconstructions of the structure and evolution of the lithosphere in
Alkhovik that occur in coeval sediments (serotinus Zone) of Volga-Uralia. More than 6000 wells have been drilled in Volga-
Northeast Russia. The basalt-bearing sequence characterizes the Uralia because of the petroleum potential of this region. Some of
terminal stage of the Pridolian-Eifelian megacycle that is them penetrated the crystalline basement down to a depth of more
established through all of northeastern Asia. than 1-2 km, providing sufficient material for isotopic-
................................................................ geochronological and geochemical studies. The isotopic-
geochronological study of zircon from tonalite (Well Suleevo 585)

GEOLOGY
was performed with the U-Pb isotopic method in the classic variant of lacustrine flooding climatic events that occur at and above the
and with the SHRIMP II ion microprobe for single grains. The Sm- Achanarras level can be correlated with the marine Kacak Event
Nd isotopic system was investigated as well. Although the model (sensu lato) and both can be regarded as having a common climatic
estimate depends on the accepted 147Sm/144Nd ratio of the crustal cause and driven by an insolation maximum. A reconstruction of
source, the estimate is not deprived of geological implications. As the Orcadian Basin drainage system and a water balance model
can be seen from the obtained U-Pb zircon ages, the studied rocks based on the calcium flux within the lake shows that a very
underwent repeated metamorphism that disturbed both the U-Pb significant volume of water would have been seasonally discharged
and the Sm-Nd isotopic systems. We estimate the age of the major to the Rheic Ocean and would have caused an additional
metamorphic event at 2.7 Ga in accordance with the zircon age of environmental effect.
granitic rocks belonging to the Bakaly Complex. Therefore, ................................................................
assuming that the most important rearrangement of the Sm-Nd
isotopic system occurred 2.7 Ga ago and the 147Sm/144Nd ratio of SOUTH AFRICA 1,003,226
the crustal source was equal to the average value for the
SEDIMENT SUPPLY TO THE ORANGE SEDIMENTARY
continental crust until that time, the two-stage model Nd age of the
SYSTEM OVER THE LAST 150 MY: AN EVALUATION FROM
studied rocks corresponds to 3.3-3.7 Ga.
SEDIMENTATION/DENUDATION BALANCE
................................................................
D.Rouby, S.Bonnet, F.Guillocheau, K.Gallagher, C.Robin,
SASKATCHEWAN 1,003,223 F.Biancotto, O.Dauteuil and J.Braun (Rennes Univ; Trinity Coll,
Dublin). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6,
HYDROGEOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE pp.782-794, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs)
WEYBURN CO2 PROJECT AREA AND GRADIENT-FREE The South African plateau is bordered by passive margin
INVERSE CONDITIONING OF HETEROGENEOUS basins preserving the terrigeneous sediment produced during
AQUIFER MODELS TO HYDRAULIC HEAD DATA onshore erosion. As such, these basins potentially provide a record
K.D.Khan (Alberta Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2006; DISSERTATION of the variation in onshore elevation and relief over time. Here we
ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B v.68, no.2, pp.853-B bring new constraints on the uplift and erosion of the Southern
- 854-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; ISBN 978-0-494-23053-4; African plateau over the last 150 Ma from the perspective of the
Order no.DANR23053; 238 pp; Abstract only) stratigraphic architecture of these basins. We review published
[Abstract available from T.U.] data to quantify the terrigeneous supply eroded in the drainage
................................................................ area and preserved in the basins. The novel aspect of our approach
is the integration of the evolution of the whole domain in
SAUDI ARABIA 1,003,224 sedimentation (i.e. not only the platform) as well as the onshore
eroding region. Along the South African and Namibian Atlantic
PROVENANCE, DIAGENESIS, TECTONIC SETTING AND
margins, we determined the long-term signal of sedimentary supply
GEOCHEMISTRY OF TAWIL SANDSTONE (LOWER
(at the 10 Ma scale) from 3D mass balance calculations comparing
DEVONIAN) IN CENTRAL SAUDI ARABIA
sedimentary volumes deduced from offshore isopach maps (with a
O.A.Al-Harbi and M.M.Khan (King Abdulaziz Sci Technol).
particular attention to associated uncertainties) on one hand and
JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES v.33, nos.3-4,
denudation volumes deduced from thermochronology data on the
pp.278-287, 7/15/2008. (ISSN 1367-9120; Over 10 refs)
other. We show that, in this case, the volumes of denudation and of
The Tawil Sandstone (Lower Devonian) in Central Saudi
sediments preserved in the basin are consistent both in total and
Arabia overlies the Sharwara Member of the Tayyarat Formation
incremental amount. The latter is therefore a reliable estimation of
(Silurian) and succeeded conformably by the Shaiba Member of the
the denudation in the associated continental domain subject to
Jauf Formation. Petrographical data reveal that the Tawil
certain assumptions such as the drainage area over time. ... (c2008
Sandstone comprises 96% quartz, 3% feldspar, and 1% rock
Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available)
fragments and all samples are classified as quartz arenites. The
................................................................
presence of well sorted, altered to fresh feldspar, and discriminate
function analysis suggest that the sediments have been subjected to SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN 1,003,227
substantial reworking resulting in a high level of maturity. Modal
analysis data (Q-F-L) suggest a stable cratonic provenance for the PLEISTOCENE EXTINCTIONS OF DEEP-SEA BENTHIC
sediments and accumulation in a passive margin basin is indicated FORAMINIFERA: THE SOUTH ATLANTIC RECORD
(binary plot of SiO2 vs K2O/Na2O). Diagenetic features include T.A.O’Neill, B.W.Hayward, S.Kawagata, A.T.Sabaa and
dissolution of feldspar and rock fragments, compaction, reduction of H.R.Grenfell (Massey Univ; Geomarine Research; Yokohama
the existing pore space through rearrangements, and rotation and National Univ). PALAEONTOLOGY v.50, pt.5, pp.1073-1102, Sept.
fragmentation of grains resulting in dissolution of quartz grains 2007. (ISSN 0031-0239; Over 10 refs)
and cementation. (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) Sixty-two species and 19 genera of elongate, cylindrical benthic
................................................................ foraminifera disappeared from the deep-sea in the south-east
Atlantic (ODP Sites 1082 and 1083) and the Atlantic sector of the
SCOTLAND 1,003,225 Southern Ocean (ODP Site 1088) during the Early and Middle
Pleistocene as part of the global extinction of the families
RECOGNIZING THE KACAK EVENT IN THE DEVONIAN
Pleurostomellidae, Stilostomellidae and portions of the
TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Nodosariidae. During the mid-Pleistocene Climate Transition
FOR UNDERSTANDING LAND-SEA INTERACTIONS
(1.2-0.6 Ma) in the Southern Ocean, these extinct taxa exhibited
J.E.A.Marshall, T.R.Astin, J.F.Brown, E.Mark-Kurik and
three pulses of glacial decline in abundance and diversity separated
J.Lazauskiene (Southampton Oceanogr Ctr; Reading Univ; Tallinn
by partial interglacial recoveries. Beneath the high-productivity
Univ Technology). DEVONIAN EVENTS AND CORRELATIONS
Benguela Current upwelling region (Sites 1082, 1083), glacial
[GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SPECIAL PUBLICATION
declines in the extinct taxa were suppressed by favourable high
NO.278] pp.133-155, 2007. (ISBN 978-1-86239-222-9; Over 10 refs)
organic-carbon flux and consequent low-oxygen bottom conditions.
The Kacak Event is a late Eifelian (Mid-Devonian) episode of
Here two major pulses of diversity loss occurred at ca 1.3-1.2 Ma
marine dysoxia/anoxia with associated extinctions. It has been
and 1.0-0.7 Ma. At all three locations, the most dramatic decline in
widely recognized in the shelf seas that surrounded the Old Red
abundance and diversity occurred ca 0.85-0.80 Ma (marine isotope
Sandstone continent. It was contemporary with the lacustrine
stage 20), and the final disappearance of Extinction Group taxa was
Orcadian Basin in Scotland. This basin contains the distinctive
completed by 0.67 Ma beneath the Benguela Current and 0.60 Ma
Achanarras lake horizon that contains a rich and diverse fish
in the Southern Ocean. We speculate that this period of enhanced
fauna. The Achanarras lake was wide and deep and would have
global extinctions was linked to a pulsed decline in glacial
been filled by rainfall from a monsoon system at an insolation
temperatures and/or increase in ventilation of deep and
maximum. Faunal elements within the lake are in common with
intermediate water masses, associated with polar ice cap growth
the Kernave Member in Estonia and this level can be conodont
since the late Pliocene.
dated as late Eifelian eiflius or ensensis Zone. Therefore the group
................................................................

GEOLOGY
SOUTHEASTERN US 1,003,228 neoselachian teeth. The fauna comprises nine taxa of which three
species and one genus are new: Hemiscyllium sp., Lamniformes
CHARACTERIZATION OF PALEOZOIC TERRANES AND indet., Paratrygonorrhina amblysoda gen. et sp. nov., Coupatezia
TERRANE ACCRETION AT THE SOUTHEASTERN MARGIN trempina sp. nov., Coupatezia sp., Coupatezia? sp., Rhombodus
OF LAURENTIA: GEORGIA AND ALABAMA ibericus sp. nov. and Igdabatis indicus. The neoselachian fauna is
APPALACHIANS dominated by small nectobenthic rays. This composition resembles
C.S.Holm-Denoma (Florida State Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2006; assemblages known from the marine Upper Cretaceous, but differs
DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B from nearby localities of the Basque-Cantabrian region and
v.68, no.2, p.845-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order continental selachian associations of the French Pyrenees. The
no.DA3252189; 139 pp; Abstract only) results indicate that Rhombodus might not be a reliable
[Abstract available from T.U.] biostratigraphic marker for the Maastrichtian. The faunal
................................................................ composition suggests a shallow trans-Tethyan connection between
Eurasia and India at the end of the Cretaceous Period.
SPAIN 1,003,229
................................................................
MANTLE DETACHMENT FAULTS AND THE BREAKUP OF
COLD CONTINENTAL LITHOSPHERE SPAIN 1,003,232
R.F.Weinberg, K.Regenauer-Lieb and G.Rosenbaum (Monash STRATIGRAPHY, PETROGRAPHY AND DISPERSION OF
Univ; Western Australia Univ; Queensland Univ). GEOLOGY v.35, THE LOWER PERMIAN SYN-ERUPTIVE DEPOSITS IN THE
no.11, pp.1035-1038, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0091-7613; Over 10 refs) VIAR BASIN, SPAIN
We use a novel numerical approach that fully couples the S.Sierra, C.Moreno and E.Pascual (Huelva Univ).
energy, momentum, and continuum equations to investigate the SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY v.217, nos.1-4, pp.1-29, 5/15/2009.
physics of extension and breakup of cold continental lithosphere to (ISSN 0037-0738; Over 10 refs)
form new ocean basins. Unlike hot continental systems, where flat- This paper presents a stratigraphic, petrographic and
lying detachment faults are nucleated in the strong part of the sedimentologic analysis of felsic syn-eruptive deposits of the
upper crust, cold continental systems have flat-lying detachment southernmost Permian basin in Europe (Viar Basin), an inner-
faults nucleating in the strong upper mantle at a relatively early orogenic, transtensional half-graben located between two major
stage. These detachment faults subsequently control the geotectonic zones of the Iberian Variscan Belt, SW Spain. The syn-
development of a mantle core complex and associated crustal eruptive deposits of the Viar Basin represent a mappable
structures. The observed structures are analogous to those lithostratigraphic unit, that is herein named the Los Canchales
developed in mid-crustal core complexes during extension of Formation. This unit forms a wedge-shaped body bounded by
relatively thick and hot continental crust. In the cold environment, alluvial-fluvial deposits (red layers) that are in gradational contact.
however, a strong elastic layer is developed within the mantle, The stratigraphic architecture of the Los Canchales Formation is
shifting the stress-bearing part of the system to below the Moho. complex with frequent facies changes and interfingering among
Our modeling results reproduce key tectonic elements of a natural pyroclastic rocks, resedimented-volcaniclastic rocks and
system (the Iberia margin, offshore the Iberian Peninsula) by sedimentary rocks. Abundant fossil flora is also recorded. A wax-
stretching a randomly perturbed, unpatterned lithosphere. Results wane cycle of volcanic activity is recognized during the syn-eruptive
also explain the upper plate paradox by doming of continental period. Two short-lived volcanic episodes were recorded including
lithospheric mantle separated from the crust by two diffuse ignimbrites and a possible phreatomagmatic event. Explosive
detachment zones dipping toward the two future continental volcanism generated pyroclastic flow, surge and ash-fall deposits, in
margins. Doming is facilitated by channel flow of the lower crust. cases collapsing the drainage network. They also modified the
................................................................ vegetation and created a new depositional setting with four
successive sedimentary environments: vegetated floodplain,
SPAIN 1,003,230
ephemeral sandy braidplain, palustrine environment and again
A NEW PARASTRIATOPORA SPECIES (ANTHOZOA, vegetated floodplain. Input of pyroclasts followed a NW to SE
TABULATA) FROM THE LOWER DEVONIAN OF COLLE longitudinal-axial dispersal pattern. (c2009 Elsevier B.V.)
(SPAIN, CANTABRIAN MOUNTAINS) ................................................................
A.May (St Louis Univ). BULLETIN OF GEOSCIENCES v.80,
no.4, pp.287-290, 2005. (ISSN 1802-8225; Over 10 refs) SPAIN 1,003,233
The paleontological collection of the Museo Geominero (Madrid) ONSHORE-OFFSHORE CORRELATION OF THE
houses a new species of the tabulate coral Parastriatopora. It comes LLOBREGAT DELTAIC SYSTEM, SPAIN: DEVELOPMENT
from the Lower Devonian of Colle (Prov. Leon) and probably OF DELTAIC GEOMETRIES UNDER DIFFERENT
originates from one of the biostromal levels in the upper part of the RELATIVE SEA-LEVEL AND GROWTH FAULT
Valporquero Formation and the lower part of the Coladilla INFLUENCES
Formation (Upper Emsian). The new species, described under open D.Gamez, J.A.Simo, F.J.Lobo, A.Barnolas, J.Carrera and
nomenclature as Parastriatopora sp., is characterized primarily by E.Vazquez-Sune (Catalonia Technical Univ; Consejo Super Invest
its very large corallites and calices: the 5 to 7-cornered calices are Cient). SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY v.217, nos.1-4, pp.65-84,
3.5-6.9 mm in diameter (mostly 5.5-6.0 mm). Furthermore, it shows 5/15/2009. (ISSN 0037-0738; Over 10 refs)
very interesting paleobiogeographical relationships, because the Groundwater resources in deltaic aquifers are essential in the
morphologically closest related species is Parastriatopora gigantea Mediterranean region to sustain the socio-economic development of
(Knod 1908) from the Lower Devonian of Bolivia. Parastriatopora coastal communities and shallow-water ecosystems. Understanding
sp. could be an example of a close relationship between the the geological connection between coastal aquifers and the offshore
Cantabrian Mountains and America during the Emsian. sedimentary record is important to better predict consequences in
................................................................ terms of water management. In spite of this, most approaches to
Postglacial and Pleistocene deltaic sedimentation focus either on
SPAIN 1,003,231
the offshore or the delta plain; few studies correlate and integrate
NEOSELACHIANS FROM THE UPPER CAMPANIAN AND the entire system. In the Llobregat delta (south of Barcelona,
LOWER MAASTRICHTIAN (UPPER CRETACEOUS) OF THE Spain), onshore-offshore correlation is achieved by integrating data
SOUTHERN PYRENEES, NORTHERN SPAIN from sediment cores acquired on the deltaic plain with seismic
J.Kriwet, R.Soler-Gijon and N.Lopez-Martinez (Humboldt Univ; profiles from offshore. Data integration enables the reconstruction
Madrid Complutense Univ). PALAEONTOLOGY v.50, pt.5, of the entire deltaic system, providing a more well-defined picture
pp.1051-1071, Sept. 2007. (ISSN 0031-0239; Over 10 refs) and a better understanding of the onshore-offshore stratigraphic
Bulk sampling of upper Campanian to lower-middle framework in a Late Quaternary, tectonically active narrow shelf in
Maastrichtian coastal and lagoonal deposits in five sections of the the western Mediterranean Basin. The late Quaternary record in
Tremp Formation in the south-central Pyrenees yielded numerous the Llobregat delta shows an unusual well preserved transgressive-
regressive cyclic stacking pattern, which displays peculiarities

GEOLOGY
compared with most Mediterranean Quaternary deltaic shelves TURKEY 1,003,238
given that the transgressive and highstand intervals appear to be
significantly preserved both onshore and offshore. The preservation A RARE NATURAL GYPSUM OOIDE (GYPSOLITES) IN AN
of these deposits is attributed to the high subsidence rate on the EVAPORITIC PLAYA LAKE OF LATE MIOCENE (?) TO
continental margin controlled by Quaternary faults and the PLIOCENE AGE IN CENTRAL ANATOLIA, TURKEY
structure of the basement, and by sediment supply fluctuations. ... E.Tekin, B.Varol and T.Ayyildiz (Ankara Univ). CARBONATES
(c2009 Elsevier B.V.) (Longer abstract available) AND EVAPORITES v.23, no.1, pp.50-59, June 2008. (ISSN
................................................................ 0891-2556; Over 10 refs)
Gypsolites are found in the western part of Polatli town, Polatli-
SUBMARINE VOLCANISM 1,003,234 Sivrihisar basin, about 90 km from Ankara, Turkey. Gypsolites are
observed in a transition zone between a siliciclastic marginal lake
CONSTRUCTING THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE and an evaporitic inner lake. The ooide-bearing strata have a small
VOLCANIC LAYER FROM ODP BOREHOLES: A CORE-LOG to moderate thickness (10 to 50 cm), are laterally restricted, and
APPROACH partially exhibit a sandy appearance, including various amounts of
T.S.Brewer, P.K.Harvey, S.R.Barr, S.L.Haggas and H.Delius volcanoclastic grain and mud pellets. They sometimes show micro-
(Leicester Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. gradations, parallel or cross-laminations and rippled surfaces, in
John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM which macroscopically there are evidences of biogenic activity such
2001. (Session SS5; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; as fossil tracks and burrows, but microbial activity is intensively
Abstract only) present within the gypsum cortex, yielding micro-moldic porosity.
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] Gypsolites fabrics suggest either (1) they occur under bacterial
................................................................ activity in local salines or short-lived ponds that occupied the low-
energy part of the lake or (2) weak currents or wind activity exert a
THRUST FAULTING 1,003,235 significant influence on the gypsolites fabric. Some traces of
DEFORMATION AT THE LEADING EDGE OF THRUST microbial mats within the cortex and micro-gradations, parallel or
FAULTS cross-laminations indicate that the concomitance of bacterial
W.J.Huang (Purdue Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2006; DISSERTATION activity and inorganic processes contributed to the construction of
ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B v.68, no.2, pp.845-B gypsum ooide structures in the Neogene evaporitic lake
- 846-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order no.DA3251630; 435 pp; environment.
Abstract only) ................................................................
UNITED KINGDOM 1,003,239
................................................................
A FIELD GUIDE TO THE SILURIAN ECHINODERMATA OF
TRANSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT 1,003,236 THE BRITISH ISLES: PT.2: CRINOIDEA, MINOR GROUPS
COUPLED FLUVIAL AND SHORELINE DYNAMICS: AND DISCUSSION
EXPERIMENTS AND THEORY S.K.Donovan, D.N.Lewis, P.Crabb and R.E.Widdison (Neth Nat
W.Kim (Minn Univ, Minneapolis). Ph.D. thesis, 2007; Mus Natural Hist; Natural History Mus London). PROCEEDINGS
DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B OF THE YORKSHIRE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY v.57, pt.1,
v.68, no.2, p.846-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order pp.29-60, May 2008. (ISSN 0044-0604; Over 10 refs)
no.DA3250156; 153 pp; Abstract only) Crinoids are the most common and diverse group of
[Abstract available from T.U.] echinoderms in the Silurian of the British Isles. This guide
................................................................ describes examples of all nominal crinoid groups recognized from
this interval and region (48 genera, about 100 species). In contrast,
TURKEY 1,003,237 coronate, edrioasteroid, mitrate and cyclocystoid echinoderms are
rare; the first three higher taxonomic groups being represented by a
SEDIMENTOLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE single species each, and the last by two species. Of 145 species of
MIDDLE MIOCENE PLAYA LAKE EVAPORITES IN THE echinoderms in the Silurian of the British Isles, 74 are known from
GURUN BASIN (SOUTH OF SIVAS), CENTRAL ANATOLIA, the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation of Wenlock age at Dudley
TURKEY in the West Midlands. For comparison, the most diverse faunas
M.Onal, C.Helvaci, E.Tekin and T.Ayyildiz (Inonu Univ; Dokuz from the Llandovery Series (North Esk Inlier, Pentland Hills,
Eylul Univ; Ankara Univ). CARBONATES AND EVAPORITES Scotland) and Ludlow Series (Lower Leintwardine Formation,
v.23, no.1, pp.11-20, June 2008. (ISSN 0891-2556; Over 10 refs) Leintwardine, Herefordshire) consist of only 16 and 17 species,
The Gurun basin is a half graben filled by alluvial, fluvial and respectively. If the echinoderm-rich succession at Dudley was
playa-lake deposits of the Gurun Formation accumulated under the unknown, the three older series of the Silurian--the Llandovery,
N-S direction extensional tectonic regime and volcanic rocks. The Wenlock and Ludlow--would each include about 30 known species of
Gurun Formation is divided into 4 members--the Kavak, Gokpinar, echinoderm. It is the extreme diversity of the Much Wenlock
Cayboyu and Terzioglu members--and the Cayboyu Member has 2 Limestone Formation at Dudley that makes the echinoderm
different evaporitic occurrences, i.e., selenitic and satin spar. diversities of the Llandovery and Ludlow appear depauperate.
During the first phase of evaporite deposition, selenitic gypsum ................................................................
crystals in 5- to 15-cm-thick layer within the dolomitic mudstones
were formed. The second evaporitic phase consists of 4 different VANCOUVER ISLAND AREA 1,003,240
levels of cavity filling within the sandstones and shale alternation
at the upper part of sequence originated as 5- to 10-cm-sized satin- THE NEPTUNE CANADA REGIONAL CABLED OCEAN
spar gypsum crystals with white colored, partly orientated, fibrous- OBSERVATORY
radial shaped. XRF major, minor and some rare elements analyses C.R.Barnes, M.M.R.Best and A.Zielinski (Victoria Univ, BC).
(La, Ce, Ta, W and U) and low 87Sr/86Sr (per mill) and δ34S (CDT) SEA TECHNOLOGY v.49, no.7, pp.10-14, July 2008. (ISSN
values indicate that meteoric and volcanic solution occasionally 0093-3651)
mixed with the lake water. In addition, low δ18O (SMOW) values in The North-East Pacific Time-Series Undersea Networked
the continental evaporite could be interpreted as mixing of fresh Experiments (NEPTUNE) Canada will be the world’s first multi-
water with the playa lake environment. Selenitic gypsum in the node regional cabled ocean observatory. This innovative network of
Cayboyu Member of the Gurun Formation was precipitated from five subsea observatories will be linked by 800 kilometers of
ground water - brine water rich in humic acid during periodic powered electro-optic cable across the northern Juan de Fuca
desiccations in the shore-lake plain. tectonic plate. By about 2014, the U.S. portion will be installed, also
................................................................ comprising five observatory nodes, so that both networks combined
will span the Juan de Fuca Plate (200,000 sq kilometers). Hundreds
of sensors will be located on the seafloor in boreholes and buoyed in
the water column. Remotely operated vehicles (ROV) will reside at

GEOLOGY
depth, powered at observatory nodes and directed from distant labs. measured from leaf fossils. We use a large extant data set (65 sites;
Continuous near-real-time multidisciplinary measurement series 667 species-site pairs) to develop a new, easily measured scaling
will extend for more than 25 years. The initial data flow of 50 relationship between petiole width and leaf mass, normalized for
terabytes per year will be managed through a Web services leaf area; this enables MA estimation for fossil leaves from petiole
environment. The many research themes addressed by NEPTUNE width and leaf area, two variables that are commonly measurable
Canada will include structure and seismic behavior of the ocean in leaf compression floras. The calibration data are restricted to
crust; dynamics of hot and cold fluids and gas hydrates in the upper woody angiosperms exclusive of monocots, but a preliminary data
ocean crust and overlying sediments; ocean and climate change and set (25 species) suggests that broad-leaved gymnosperms exhibit a
effects on ocean biota and fisheries at all depths; deep-sea similar scaling. Application to two well-studied, classic Eocene
sedimentation, ecosystem dynamics and biodiversity; and floras demonstrates that MA can be quantified in fossil
engineering and computational systems research. These involve assemblages. Our results indicate that several key aspects of plant
interacting processes, long-term changes and chaotic, episodic and plant-animal ecology can now be quantified in the fossil record
events that are difficult to study and quantify by traditional means. and demonstrate that herbivory has helped shape the evolution of
................................................................ leaf structure for millions of years.
................................................................
VERACRUZ 1,003,241
WYOMING 1,003,244
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE LARAMIDE FORELAND
AND THE PASSIVE MARGIN OF THE GULF OF MEXICO: THE HIGH-RESOLUTION SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY OF
TECTONICS AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE GOLDEN AN AEOLIAN DUNE/SABKHA/CARBONATE COASTLINE
LANE AREA, VERACRUZ STATE, MEXICO AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO MILANKOVITCH CYCLES:
H.Alzaga-Ruiz, M.Lopez, F.Roure and M.Seranne (Inst PENNSYLVANIAN/PERMIAN CASPER FORMATION,
Mexicano Petroleo; Montpellier II Univ; Inst Francais du Petrole). SOUTHEASTERN WYOMING
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, pp.951-973, D.M.Burns (Wyoming Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2006;
June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B
This paper focuses on the analyses of the clastic sedimentary v.68, no.2, p.843-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order
infill of the Coastal Plain of Eastern Mexico, which initiated no.DA3250445; 158 pp; Abstract only)
synchronously with the Laramide orogeny in the vicinity of the [Abstract available from T.U.]
Golden Lane. Results of these analyses are used as boundary ................................................................
conditions for calibrating/interpreting seismic profiles across more
distal depocenters in the offshore of the Gulf of Mexico, from the XIZANG 1,003,245
sea shore and continental slope in the west to the abyssal plain in
LATE CENOZOIC SYSTEMATIC LEFT-LATERAL STREAM
the east. The objective of the study is to better predict the reservoir
DEFLECTIONS ALONG THE GANZI-YUSHU FAULT,
distribution in the Deep offshore Basin of the Gulf of Mexico
XIANSHUIHE FAULT SYSTEM, EASTERN TIBET
(DBGM), in order to explore for petroleum. The Coastal Plain is
S.Wang, E.Wang, X.Fang and B.Fu (Tibetan Plateau Res Inst;
underlain by three morpho-tectonic domains: the tectonic front of
Chinese Academy Sciences). INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY
the Sierra Madre Orientale (SMO), the Chicontepec deep water
REVIEW v.50, no.7, pp.624-635, July 2008. (ISSN 0020-6814; Over
flexural basin, and the Tuxpan Platform (also known as the Golden
10 refs)
Lane). Each domain is characterized by a distinct, dominantly
The Xianshuihe fault system (XSF) is one of the most active
siliciclastic Cenozoic lithostratigraphy. After a Jurassic rifting
faults in eastern Tibet, China. In this study, we document the
episode, followed by thermal subsidence, the oceanic basin and its
distribution of stream deflections along the Ganzi-Yushu segment
western passive margin were deformed during the Upper
of the XSF at scales of 2.5 m to 80 km. The total offset along this
Cretaceous and Paleogene, by far field stresses associated with the
fault suggests that left-lateral movement began at ca 8-5.6 Ma if
Cordilleran-Laramide Orogeny. Starting in the Late Cretaceous -
the Holocene slip rate has remained steady over this time interval.
Early Paleogene and during the Early Eocene, the tectonic load
From Dengke in the southeast to Dangjiang in the northwest along
associated with the Laramide Orogen (Sierra Madre Oriental,
the Ganzi-Yushu fault, the documented total geological offset
SMO) caused flexural subsidence of the foreland located under the
decreases from ca 80 to ca 39 km, whereas the deflections of the
Coastal Plain. ... (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available)
Yalong, Batang, Jielong, and Dangjiang rivers, almost all of which
................................................................
initiated around early Quaternary time, show gradually decreasing
WESTERN US 1,003,242 offsets from 30 ± 2 km to 16 ± 1 km in the same direction. This
implies that about 41 km and 14 km offsets are accommodated by
KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS OF THE PACIFIC AND transtensional and transpressional structures such as pull-apart
NORTH AMERICAN PLATE BOUNDARY IN THE WESTERN basins and thrust faults along different parts of the fault at
UNITED STATES different times; this is also consistent with a northwest decrease in
N.P.Fay (Oregon Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2006; DISSERTATION the Holocene slip rate along the XSF, from 10 to 14 mm/yr around
ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B v.68, no.2, p.849-B, Dengke to ca 7 mm/yr around Dangjiang. Thus, the spatial and
Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order no.DA3251850; 140 pp; temporal evolution of stream patterns along the XSF supports the
Abstract only) hypothesis that the tectonic evolution of eastern Tibet is largely
[Abstract available from T.U.] characterized by distributed deformation.
................................................................ ................................................................
WESTERN US 1,003,243
FOSSIL LEAF ECONOMICS QUANTIFIED: CALIBRATION,
GEOCHEMISTRY
EOCENE CASE STUDY, AND IMPLICATIONS
D.L.Royer, L.Sack, P.Wilf, C.H.Lusk, G.J.Jordan, U.Niinemets,
I.J.Wright, M.Westoby, B.Cariglino et al. (Wesleyan Univ). ALBERTA 1,003,246
PALEOBIOLOGY v.33, no.4, pp.574-589, Fall 2007. (ISSN
BENTONITE CHEMICAL FEATURES AS PROXY OF LATE
0094-8373; Over 10 refs)
CRETACEOUS PROVENANCE CHANGES: A CASE STUDY
Leaf mass per area (MA) is a central ecological trait that is
FROM THE WESTERN INTERIOR BASIN OF CANADA
intercorrelated with leaf life span, photosynthetic rate, nutrient
F.Fanti (Bologna Univ). SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY v.217,
concentration, and palatability to herbivores. These coordinated
nos.1-4, pp.112-127, 5/15/2009. (ISSN 0037-0738; Over 10 refs)
variables form a globally convergent leaf economics spectrum
Bentonite beds are fairly common in both marine and
representing a general continuum running from rapid resource
terrestrial Upper Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) deposits
acquisition to maximized resource retention. Leaf economics are
of the Western Interior Basin of western Canada and northwestern
little studied in ancient ecosystems because they cannot be directly
United States. A detailed stratigraphic, sedimentologic,

GEOCHEMISTRY
geochemical (X-ray fluorescence), and mineralogical (X-ray for seawater that has been mixed with fresh water. Carbonate
diffraction) study of twenty-one bentonites from the Puskwaskau mineral dissolution enriches Ca2+ concentrations to around 30
and Wapiti formations in the Grande Prairie area (west-central times seawater concentrations only in the mixed waters; water with
Alberta, Canada) is here presented. Major and trace-element seawater salinity has approximately seawater Ca2+ concentrations.
concentrations from altered volcanic ashes document the presence Assuming two end-member mixing between seawater Sr2+ and
in the study area of predominantly trachyandesitic and rhyolitic mineral-derived Sr2+, model estimates indicate that mineral-
volcanogenic products, resulted from intense volcanic arc to within- derived Sr2+ of 19 samples have 87Sr/86Sr ratios equivalent to
plate pyroclastic activity. Concentration values of high field modern seawater within error of the measurement, indicating
strength elements (HFSE) and selected large ion lithophile alteration of shallow buried Late Pleistocene to Holocene carbonate
elements (LILE) (e.g. Nb, Zr, Th, and Y) obtained by X-ray minerals. Four samples have mineral-derived Sr2+ with 87Sr/86Sr
fluorescence spectroscopy strongly support the presence of multiple ratios lower than modern seawater value. These low ratios reflect
volcanic sources. Integrated paleoenvironmental and geochemical alteration of carbonate minerals that were deposited around 1
criteria for provenance determination indicate a bimodal occurrence mybp, although the measured 87Sr/86Sr values could reflect ages as
of basic and acid volcanic products interpreted as reflection of great as 4.6 Ma considering the analytical uncertainty of the
source areas characterized by different tectonic setting and measurements. ... (c2007 Elsevier B.V.) (Longer abstract available)
magmatic composition. A comparative analysis of geochemical ................................................................
compositions between Grande Prairie bentonites and 30 known
volcanic beds from central and southern Alberta, Manitoba and CHINA 1,003,249
Montana (1) documents a trend toward more acidic and alkali-
THE DISTRIBUTION AND GEOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
depleted volcanic products during the late Campanian - early
OF CARBAZOLE COMPOUNDS IN SILURIAN PALEO-
Maastrichtian interval, and (2) suggests a well constrained
POOLS OF THE TARIM BASIN, NORTHWEST CHINA
stratigraphic and geographic subdivision of the non-marine
L.Liu, H.Huo, Y.Guo, L.Chen, S.Li, Y.Zhao, Y.Li, P.Wang and
successions of the foreland basin on the basis of geochemical
Z.Chen (China Univ Petroleum). CHINESE JOURNAL OF
characteristic of volcanic ash beds. ... (c2009 Elsevier B.V.) (Longer
GEOCHEMISTRY v.27, no.1, pp.1-8, March 2008. (ISSN 1000-9426;
abstract available)
Over 10 refs)
................................................................
The results presented in this paper indicated that the
ARCHEAN 1,003,247 carbazole-type compounds have high thermal stability and also
show stability in oxidation and bio-degradation. This kind of
ORGANIC HAZE, GLACIATIONS AND MULTIPLE SULFUR compounds still has high concentrations and a complete
ISOTOPES IN THE MID-ARCHEAN ERA distribution in the analyzed dry asphalt samples, showing that they
S.D.Domagal-Goldman, J.F.Kasting, D.T.Johnston and are particularly useful in the study of hydrocarbon migration of the
J.Farquhar (Pennsylvania State Univ; Maryland Univ, Coll Park). paleo-pools. The difference in the contents of nitrogen compounds in
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS v.269, nos.1-2, the Silurian dry asphalts from the Awati, Tabei and Tazhong areas
pp.29-40, 5/15/2008. (ISSN 0012-821X; Over 10 refs) is attributed to the difference in the extent of oxidation and/or bio-
We use sulfur (S) isotope signatures within ancient sediments degradation for the areas; the Awati and Tabei areas underwent
and a photochemical model of sulfur dioxide (SO2) photolysis to relatively strong oxidation and bio-degradation. During the first
interpret the evolution of the atmosphere over the first half of stage of hydrocarbon pool formation in the Silurian system in the
Earth’s history. A decrease in mass-independent sulfur isotope Tazhong and Tabei areas of the Tarim Basin (at the end of the
fractionation has been reported in Archean rocks deposited between Silurian period) and at the second stage in the Awati area (in
ca 2.7 Ga and ca 3.2 Ga, and is reinforced by new S isotope data Permian), the hydrocarbons experienced a long-distance migration.
that we report here. This pattern has been interpreted by some as ................................................................
evidence that atmospheric oxygen (O2) was elevated during this
time. In this paper, we argue against that conclusion, and show CHINA 1,003,250
that it is inconsistent with other geochemical data. In its place, we
THE GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OIL-
propose a new model that can explain the sulfur isotope record that
SOURCE ROCK CORRELATION OF OILSHOW FROM THE
can also avoid conflicts with independent constraints on O2 and
MAJIASHAN PROFILE, CHAOXIAN COUNTY, SOUTH OF
account for concurrent glacial deposits. Specifically, we suggest
ANHUI PROVINCE
that prior to the rise of O2 excursions in the sulfur isotope record
Y.Tang, Z.Wen and L.Zan (Yangtze Univ; China Univ
were modulated by the thickness of an organic haze. This haze
Petroleum). CHINESE JOURNAL OF GEOCHEMISTRY v.27,
would have blocked the lower atmosphere from the UV fluxes
no.1, pp.53-57, March 2008. (ISSN 1000-9426; 8 refs)
responsible for the anomalous sulfur photochemistry and would
In the future, the exploration of marine oil and gas will be one
have caused an anti-greenhouse effect that triggered the
of the significant domains in China. In this paper, the biomarker
glaciations. We used a photochemical model to verify that a haze
assemblage characteristics of oil show in the Nanlinghu Formation
could have affected the isotopic signal in this manner, and to
of the Majiashan profile, which is located in Chaoxian County,
examine how changes in atmospheric methane (CH4) and carbon
south of Anhui Province, are described in the light of gas
dioxide (CO2) concentrations could have controlled haze thickness.
chromatography - mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis on the
... (c2008 Elsevier B.V.) (Longer abstract available)
qualitative and quantitative basis. Based on the investigation of the
................................................................
biomarker assemblage characteristics of possible source rocks
BAHAMA ISLANDS 1,003,248 developed in the area studied, a conclusion is drawn that the oil
show was generated from the Nanlinghu Formation source rocks
Sr CONCENTRATIONS AND ISOTOPE RATIOS AS (abbreviated as T1n), instead of the Qixia Formation source rocks
TRACERS OF GROUND-WATER CIRCULATION IN (abbreviated as P1q). It is pointed out that the T1n is of strong
CARBONATE PLATFORMS: EXAMPLES FROM SAN potential for future oil exploration, and therefore much attention
SALVADOR ISLAND AND LONG ISLAND, BAHAMAS should be paid to it.
J.B.Martin and P.J.Moore (Florida Univ). CHEMICAL ................................................................
GEOLOGY INCLUDING ISOTOPE GEOSCIENCE v.249, nos.1-2,
pp.52-65, 3/30/2008. (ISSN 0009-2541; Over 10 refs) CHINA 1,003,251
The depth to which seawater and fresh water circulate through
WHERE WAS SOUTH CHINA IN THE SUPERCONTINENT?
modern carbonate platforms may be estimated with 87Sr/86Sr
EVIDENCE FROM U-Pb GEOCHRONOLOGY AND Hf
isotope ratios of dissolved Sr2+ that is enriched through carbonate
ISOTOPES OF DETRITAL ZIRCONS
mineral dissolution and recrystallization. In 23 water samples from
J.H.Yu, S.Y.O’Reilly, L.Wang, W.L.Griffin, M.Zhang, R.Wang,
onshore San Salvador Island and Long Island, Bahamas, carbonate
S.Jiang and L.Shu (Nanjing Univ; Macquarie Univ).
mineral dissolution and aragonite-to-calcite transformations
PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH v.164, nos.1-2, pp.1-15, 6/20/2008.
elevate Sr2+ concentrations to twice seawater values in water with
near seawater salinity, and to about 130 times the expected value

GEOCHEMISTRY
U-Pb geochronology and Lu-Hf isotopic studies on detrital anionic tracers (36Cl-, 125I-, 35SO42- and 75SeO32-) were determined
zircons from late Neoproterozoic sediments of the Cathaysia block, in the Callovian-Oxfordian argillite formation (Meuse/Haute-
South China, show abundant Grenville-age (ca 1.0 Ga) and Marne, France), and also in the Oxfordian limestone formation,
Neoarchaean populations, and minor Eoarchaean (ca 3.8 Ga), located just above. Twenty two drillcore samples, from depths of
Paleo- to Mesoarchaean (3.3-3.0 Ga), Mesoproterozoic (1.7-1.4 Ga) 150-480 m and from almost each lithofacies along the same
and Pan-African (0.70-0.54 Ga) populations. This is the first report borehole EST205, were tested. Three distinct and complementary
of ca 3.8 Ga material in the crust of the Cathaysia block. The experimental set-ups were used (batch, column filled with crushed
presence of euhedral ca 1.0 Ga zircons indicates that a Grenville argillite and through-diffusion experiments) associated with a
orogenic belt was within or very close to the southern Cathaysia thorough characterisation of the rock, care being taken to maintain
block. However, the provenance containing the ca 3.8 Ga, 3.3-3.0 redox conditions. Tritiated water behaviour is similar to water
Ga, ca 2.5 Ga, ca 1.0 Ga and 0.70-0.54 Ga zircon populations cannot which diffuses in the total porosity of the rock. Tritiated water and
be found in the South China Block; the combination of zircon age anionic tracers displayed analogous diffusive behaviour in
distributions and the rounded, strongly abraded shapes of the calcareous samples with εa(anion)/εa(HTO) = 1 and
Archean zircons suggesting long transport is consistent with De(anion)/De(HTO) close to 0.85, i.e. the ratio of their diffusion
derivation from other continental terranes previously linked with coefficients in free water. Lower and scattered values were observed
the southern part of the South China Block. Comparison with the in the lower part of the Oxfordian limestones which is
tectono-magmatic history and compositions of rocks in western characterized by the presence of mineralogical heterogeneities and
Laurentia - eastern Australia and eastern India - East Antarctica - dolomitic diagenesis. In the Callovo-Oxfordian argillite formation,
western Australia, we suggest that these late Neoproterozoic diffusive fluxes of 36Cl-, 125I- and 35SO42- are similar but lower than
sediments may have originated mainly from Eastern India - East that of HTO. ... (c2007 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available)
Antarctica. ... (c2008 Elsevier B.V.) (Longer abstract available) ................................................................
................................................................
GERMANY 1,003,255
CHINA 1,003,252
STABLE ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE FOR FOSSIL FOOD WEBS
MESOGENETIC DISSOLUTION OF THE MIDDLE IN EOCENE LAKE MESSEL
ORDOVICIAN LIMESTONE IN THE TAHE OILFIELD OF M.K.Schweizer, A.Steele, J.K.W.Toporski and M.L.Fogel (Oxford
TARIM BASIN, NW CHINA Univ; Carnegie Inst Washington; Christian Albrechts Univ).
Z.Jin, D.Zhu, W.Hu, X.Zhang, J.Zhang and Y.Song (Sinopec; PALEOBIOLOGY v.33, no.4, pp.590-609, Fall 2007. (ISSN
Nanjing Univ). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, 0094-8373; Over 10 refs)
no.6, pp.753-763, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic compositions of fossil
The mesogenetic dissolution is well developed in the middle materials from Lake Messel (47 Ma) in Germany are used to
Ordovician Yijianfang formation (O2yj) limestone, and the investigate Eocene ecosystem dynamics. Autolithified soft tissues
dissolution pores are very important for petroleum accumulation in of terrestrial and aquatic vertebrate organisms, as well as plant
the south slope area of the Tahe oilfield which lies in the north of compression fossils, contain organic material (20-50 wt% C, 1-6 wt%
the Tarim basin, northwestern China. Mottled, dotted or laminar N), which appears to retain precursor compositions. Stable isotopic
dissolution can be observed in the O2yj limestone. Under compositions (δ13C and δ15N) of Messel fossils are similar to those
microscope, the grains, lime matrix and all stages of calcite cements reported for components in modern lacustrine ecosystems. These
(including oil-inclusion-bearing blocky calcite cements) can all be data show trophically sensible enrichments relative to food sources,
found dissolved ubiquitously. The stylolites in the limestone were reflect multiple feeding strategies for each organism (e.g., omnivory,
enlarged and rounded because of dissolution. Some dolomite planctivory, piscivory), and differentiate between benthic and
rhombs, precipitated along stylolites in burial environment, were pelagic organic carbon sources. These chemical data broadly
found dissolved as well. The dissolution of the blocky calcite confirm existing Messel food web models based on coprolite and gut
cements and dolomite rhombs and the enlarging of stylolites content analyses. δ13C values for the lacustrine shale range from
demonstrate that the dissolution took place in the mesogenetic -30.3 to -26.3 per mill, pointing to mixed terrestrial and aquatic
environment. Concentration of trace elements, including REEs, of origins for primary producers in the food web. δ13C values for
the eroded part of the O2yj limestone is intermediate between that primary consumers such as insects overlap with those for primary
of the uneroded part and that of the underlying lower Ordovician producers but are comparatively enriched in 15N. Secondary and
limestone hydrocarbon source rocks. Both δ13CPDB and δ18OPDB higher consumers (fish, crocodiles, and frogs) are associated with
values of the eroded part are less than those of the uneroded part, even more positive δ15N values and show a more constrained range
respectively. The geochemical characteristics indicate that the of δ13C values. Omnivory appears widespread in both low and high
eroding fluids are hydrocarbon-bearing fluids coming from the trophic level consumers. Hence, the stable isotopic compositions of
underlying hydrocarbon source rocks. (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) Messel fossils are complex and overlap, and must be combined with
................................................................ paleontological investigations in order to be conclusive. This study
represents the first comprehensive isotopic reconstruction,
COSTA RICA 1,003,253 featuring tens of components, of an ecosystem of Eocene age. A
thorough understanding of trophic structure in Eocene Lake Messel
GEOCHEMISTRY, MINERALOGY, AND GEOBIOLOGY OF
contributes to the global databank of ecological history.
SUBDUCTING SEDIMENTS AT THE COSTA RICAN
................................................................
CONVERGENT MARGIN
D.M.Cardace (Washington Univ, St Louis). Ph.D. thesis, 2006; INDIA 1,003,256
v.68, no.2, p.841-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order C AND Sr ISOTOPE SYSTEMATICS IN THE VINDHYAN
no.DA3250497; 301 pp; Abstract only) CARBONATES: IMPLICATION FOR GLOBAL EVENTS
[Abstract available from T.U.] DURING THE PROTEROZOIC
................................................................ J.S.Ray and J.Veizer (Ottawa-Carleton Geosci Ctr). ANNUAL
GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland,
FRANCE 1,003,254 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS12;
Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; 3 refs; Abstract
DIFFUSION OF ANIONIC SPECIES IN CALLOVO-
only)
OXFORDIAN ARGILLITES AND OXFORDIAN
LIMESTONES (MEUSE/HAUTE-MARNE, FRANCE)
................................................................
M.Descostes, V.Blin, F.Bazer-Bachi, P.Meier, B.Grenut,
J.Radwan, M.L.Schlegel, S.Buschaert, D.Coelho et al. (Comm INDIAN OCEAN 1,003,257
Energie Atom (France)). APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY v.23, no.4,
pp.655-677, April 2008. (ISSN 0883-2927; Over 10 refs) ORIGINS AND MATURITY OF ORGANIC MATTER IN MID-
Diffusive parameters of tritiated water (HTO) and several CRETACEOUS BLACK SHALES FROM ODP SITE 1138 ON

GEOCHEMISTRY
THE KERGUELEN PLATEAU the first time, however, the results demonstrate that the potential I
P.A.Meyers, J.G.Yum and S.W.Wise (Michigan Univ; Korea source formations vary considerably across the forearc setting:
National Oil Co; Florida State Univ). MARINE AND while I at the basin site reaches ages close to 50 Ma, all I ages at
PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, pp.909-915, June 2009. (ISSN the two ridge sites are < 32 Ma. The latter two sites also
0264-8172; Over 10 refs) demonstrate the influence of I from formations younger than 10
We have conducted elemental, isotopic, and Rock-Eval analyses Ma. The results suggest that I and, by association, methane on the
of Cenomanian-Santonian sediment samples from ODP Site 1138 outer ridge are derived mainly from Miocene to Pliocene forearc
in the southern Indian Ocean to assess the origin and thermal sediments through the active faults, while the main source for the
maturity of organic matter in mid-Cretaceous black shales found at forearc basin is the old accretionary wedge related to an earlier
this high-latitude location. Total organic carbon (TOC) subduction configuration of Eocene age, which acts as a backstop in
concentrations range between 1 and 20 wt% in black to medium- the current subduction system.
gray sediments deposited around the Cenomanian-Turonian ................................................................
boundary. Results of Rock-Eval pyrolysis indicate that the organic
matter is algal Type II material that has experienced modest MALAYSIA 1,003,260
alteration. Important contributions of nitrogen-fixing bacteria to
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE TERTIARY BLACK
the amplified production of organic matter implied by the high TOC
SHALES OF WEST SABAH, EAST MALAYSIA
concentrations is recorded in δ15N values between -5 and 1 per mill,
A.M.Burgan, C.A.Ali and S.H.Tahir (Kebangsaan Malaysia
and the existence of a near-surface intensified oxygen minimum
Univ; Malaysia Sabah Univ). CHINESE JOURNAL OF
zone that favored organic carbon preservation is implied by
GEOCHEMISTRY v.27, no.1, pp.28-35, March 2008. (ISSN
TOC/TN ratios between 20 and 40. In contrast to the marine nature
1000-9426; Over 10 refs)
of the organic matter in the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary
The X-ray fluorescence and ICP methods were used to analyze
section, deeper sediments at Site 1138 contain evidence of
60 outcrop samples of black shale, of which 15 were collected from
contributions land-derived organic matter that implies the former
Belait, 15 from the Setap Shale, 15 from Temburong, and 15 from
presence of forests on the Kerguelen Plateau until the earliest
the Trusmadi formations. The average compositions of the shales
Cenomanian. (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.)
from the study area are 64.62%, 63.95%, 62.32%, 63.84% SiO2,
................................................................
1.84%, 2.14%, 2.04%, 1.99% MgO, 2.55%, 3.12%, 2.89%, 2.72% K2O,
IRON CARBONATE 1,003,258 0.32%, 0.30%, 0.32%, 0.53% CaO, 5.86%, 6.06%, 7.14%, 6.60%
Fe2O3, 207 x 10 E-06, 180 x 10 E-06, 213 x 10 E-06, 200 x 10 E-06
THE IRON ISOTOPE COMPOSITION OF MICROBIAL Rb, and 56 x 10 E-06, 49 x 10 E-06, 50 x 10 E-06, 32 x 10 E-06 Sr
CARBONATE for the Setap Shale, Temburong, Belait and Trusmadi samples,
F.von Blanckenburg, M.Mamberti, R.Schoenberg, B.S.Kamber respectively. The high Rb/Sr ratios of 3.8, 3.7, 4.2, and 6.1 are
and G.E.Webb (Hannover Univ; Laurentian Univ; Queensland Univ attributed to the lowest contents of Sr due to reducing conditions
Technology). CHEMICAL GEOLOGY INCLUDING ISOTOPE prevailing. The high Rb/K ratio suggests either brackish marine or
GEOSCIENCE v.249, nos.1-2, pp.113-128, 3/30/2008. (ISSN rapid deposition that prevented equilibrium between Rb and K in
0009-2541; Over 10 refs) the shales and marine waters.
In a comparative study of fossil and recent stromatolites and ................................................................
microbialites we have investigated whether reefal stromatolitic
limestones are able to preserve Fe isotope compositions that NAMIBIA 1,003,261
potentially serve as proxies of seawater chemistry at the time of
FEASIBILITY OF GEOCHEMICAL FINGERPRINTING FOR
their formation. It was found that δ56Fe values of Archean
CORRELATION OF LATE-PROTEROZOIC ASH BEDS
stromatolites vary between -2.1 per mill and -0.5 per mill, Devonian
J.M.Poling, B.Z.Saylor and W.D.Huff (Case Western Reserve
and Carboniferous microbialites vary between 0 per mill and -1 per
Univ; Cincinnati Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING
mill, and modern microbialites from the Great Barrier Reef show a
(St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL
range from -0.12 per mill to +0.15 per mill. Five lines of evidence
PROGRAM 2001. (Session SS12; Available at http://gac.ca as of
support the possibility that these compositions are potentially
4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
pristine. (1) Fe concentrations and Fe isotope ratios are not
correlated. (2) The concentrations of other elements that are
................................................................
potentially mobile during carbonate diagenesis (Mg, Sr) do not
correlate with δ56Fe. (3) Mn concentrations are inversely correlated NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN 1,003,262
with δ56Fe, which might hint at meteoric alteration. However, if Mn
concentrations and Fe isotope signatures were pristine features, ANOMALOUS CALCIUM CARBONATE PRESERVATION IN
they might serve as a record of the reduction of these two metals in THE ABYSSAL NORTH PACIFIC: A LINK WITH
seawater. (4) Dolomitisation of two Devonian limestones does not NORTHERN HEMISPHERE GLACIATION?
shift their Fe isotope compositions. (5) Rare earth element and F.M.G.McCarthy, R.Ohlenschlaeger, J.E.Arney, B.C.Horner-
yttrium (REY) patterns in all limestones are similar to seawater Johnson, W.S.Downey et al. (Brock Univ; Aarhus Univ; Florida
REY sources. ... (c2008 Elsevier B.V.) (Longer abstract available) State Univ; Rice Univ; Dalhousie Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC
................................................................ JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001)
JAPAN 1,003,259 http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
AGE VARIATION OF PORE WATER IODINE IN THE
................................................................
EASTERN NANKAI TROUGH, JAPAN: EVIDENCE FOR
DIFFERENT METHANE SOURCES IN A LARGE GAS PALEOCEANOGRAPHY 1,003,263
HYDRATE FIELD
H.Tomaru, Z.Lu, U.Fehn, Y.Muramatsu and R.Matsumoto TOWARD A NEW UNDERSTANDING OF EPEIRIC SEA C-
(Kitami Inst Technology; Rochester Univ; Gakushuin Univ; Tokyo CYCLING
Univ). GEOLOGY v.35, no.11, pp.1015-1018, Nov. 2007. (ISSN K.M.Panchuk and C.E.Holmden (Saskatchewan Univ).
0091-7613; Over 10 refs) ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s, Newfoundland,
The 129I geochronology of marine pore water is useful for the 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001. (Session GS8;
understanding of the origin of methane in gas hydrates because of Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p; Abstract only)
the close association between I and marine organic materials [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
responsible for methane generation. We report 129I/I ratios in pore ................................................................
waters from three deep cores in the eastern Nankai Trough gas
hydrate field, two located on the outer ridge and one in the forearc
basin. As in previous studies of gas hydrate fields, I ages of pore
water are consistently older than those of the host sediments. For

GEOCHEMISTRY
SLOVAKIA 1,003,264 country. However, information on petroleum type and
characteristics has hitherto been largely unavailable to the public.
RARE-EARTH ELEMENTAL SYSTEMATICS OF MIXED- This paper presents petroleum geochemical data on nine oil
LAYERED ILLITE-SMECTITE FROM SEDIMENTARY AND samples from four different producing fields in the Cuu Long Basin:
HYDROTHERMAL ENVIRONMENTS OF THE WESTERN the Dragon (Rong), Black Lion (Sutu-Den), Sunrise (Rang Dong)
CARPATHIANS (SLOVAKIA) and White Tiger (Bach Ho) Fields. The oils are highly paraffinic
M.Honty, N.Clauer and V.Sucha (SCK-CEN; CNRS-ULP; with bimodal normal alkane distributions and show moderate
Comenius Univ). CHEMICAL GEOLOGY INCLUDING ISOTOPE pristane to phytane ratios and a conspicuous hyperbolic decrease in
GEOSCIENCE v.249, nos.1-2, pp.167-190, 3/30/2008. (ISSN abundance with increasing carbon number of hopane homologues
0009-2541; Over 10 refs) from C30 to C35. The TPP-index of Holba et al. (Holba, A.G., Dzou,
Mixed-layered illite-smectite separates of various sizes from L.I., Wood, G.D., Ellis, L., Adam, P., Schaeffer, P., Albrecht, P.,
bentonites and shales collected in sedimentary and hydrothermal Greene, T., Hughes, W.B., 2003. Application of tetracyclic
units of the Western Carpathians were analyzed for their major-, polyprenoids as indicators of input from fresh-brackish water
trace- and rare-earth elements (REEs). The major elements fairly environments. Organic Geochemistry 34, 441-469) is equal to 1 in
reflect the changes in the clay mineralogy related to illitization, but all samples which in combination with tricyclic triperpane T26/T25
a lack of correlation between this chemical composition and the ratios > 1 and the n-alkane and hopane distributions mentioned
REE contents suggests that their incorporation and fractionation above provide a strong indication of an origin from lacustrine
by nucleating and growing illite-type particles is complex during source rocks. This is supported by the absence of marine C30
both burial-induced diagenesis and hydrothermal activity. During desmethyl steranes (i.e. 24-n-propylcholestanes) and marine
crystal growth of illite-type fundamental particles, illitization diatom-derived norcholestanes. ... (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer
driven by burial-related temperature increase does not fractionate abstract available)
the REEs incorporated in the mineral structures, but it increases ................................................................
their contents, suggesting that the bentonite and shale units of the
sedimentary sequence act as closed systems. The amount of WESTERN CANADA BASIN 1,003,267
smectite layers in the I-S does not relate to the sum of REE or to
the La/Lu ratio in the bentonites and shales of the East Slovak THE IMPORTANCE OF SHALE COMPOSITION AND PORE
Basin sedimentary sequence, outlining that REE incorporation and STRUCTURE UPON GAS STORAGE POTENTIAL OF
fractionation concerns the illite layers, not the smectite layers. SHALE GAS RESERVOIRS
Alternatively, the hydrothermal system of Dolna Ves acts as an D.J.K.Ross and R.M.Bustin (Shell Canada Ltd; British
open system with supply of the REEs by external hot fluids, so that Columbia Univ). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26,
the REE contents are not determined by the precipitation of illite. no.6, pp.916-927, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs)
... (c2008 Elsevier B.V.) (Longer abstract available) The effect of shale composition and fabric upon pore structure
................................................................ and CH4 sorption is investigated for potential shale gas reservoirs
in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). Devonian-
SOUTH CHINA SEA 1,003,265 Mississippian (D-M) and Jurassic shales have complex,
heterogeneous pore volume distributions as identified by low
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE pressure CO2 and N2 sorption, and high pressure Hg porosimetry.
NEARSHORE GAS SEEPAGES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS Thermally mature D-M shales (1.6-2.5% VRo) have Dubinin-
TO NATURAL GAS MIGRATION IN THE YINGGEHAI Radushkevich (D-R) CO2 micropore volumes ranging between 0.3
BASIN, OFFSHORE SOUTH CHINA SEA and 1.2 cc/100 g and N2 BET surface areas of 5-31 m2/g. Jurassic
B.Huang, X.Xiao, X.Li and D.Cai (Guangzhou Inst Geochem; shales, which are invariably of lower thermal maturity ranging
CNOOC Ltd). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, from 0.9 to 1.3% VRo, than D-M shales have smaller D-R CO2
pp.928-935, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) micropore volumes and N2 BET surface areas, typically in the
About 120 gas seepage vents were documented along the west range of 0.23-0.63 cc/100 g (CO2) and 1-9 m2/g (N2). High pressure
and southwest coast of the Hainan Island, South China Sea, in CH4 isotherms on dried and moisture equilibrated shales show a
water depths usually less than 50 m. The principal seepage areas general increase of gas sorption with total organic carbon (TOC)
include the Lingtou Promontory, the Yinggehai Rivulet Mouth, content. Methane sorption in D-M shales increases with increasing
Yazhou Bay, the Nanshan Promontory and the Tianya Promontory. TOC and micropore volume, indicating that microporosity
They occur along three major zones, reflecting the control by faults associated with the organic fraction is a primary control upon CH4
and lateral conduits within the basement. It is estimated that the sorption. Sorption capacities for Jurassic shales, however, can be in
total gas emission from these seepage vents is 294-956 m3/year. The part unrelated to micropore volume. The large sorbed gas capacities
seepage gases are characterized by a high CH4 content (76%), of organic-rich Jurassic shales, independent of surface area, imply a
heavy δ13C1 values (-38 to -33 per mill) and high C1/C1-5 ratios portion of CH4 is stored by solution in matrix bituminite. ... (c2008
(0.95-1.0), resembling the thermogenic gases from the diapiric gas Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available)
fields of the Yinggehai Basin. Hydrocarbon-source correlation ................................................................
shows that the hydrocarbons in the sediments from seepage areas
can be correlated with the deeply buried Miocene source rocks and
sandstone reservoirs in the central depression. The 2D basin GEOPHYSICS
modeling results based on a section from the source rock center to
the gas seepage sites indicate that the gas-bearing fluids migrated
from the source rocks upward through faults or weak zones
CSEM METHOD 1,003,268
encompassed by shale diapirism or in up-dip direction along the
sandstone-rich strata of Huangliu Formation to arrive to seabed ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEYING
and form the nearshore gas seepages. ... (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) D.Andreis, L.MacGregor and N.Golubev, asrs. (OHM Ltd).
(Longer abstract available) World 2009/037,419A2, p. 3/26/2009, f. 8/29/2008 (Appl. 0,802,921),
................................................................ pr. U.S. 9/20/2007 (Appl. 858,239) and Gr. Brit. 10/18/2007 (Appl.
0,720,430) (G01V-0003/12). (71 pp)
VIETNAM 1,003,266
A method of analysing results from an electromagnetic survey
PETROLEUM COMPOSITION IN THE CUU LONG BASIN of an area that is thought or known to contain a subterranean
(MEKONG BASIN) OFFSHORE SOUTHERN VIETNAM resistive or conductive body within a background strata
J.A.Bojesen-Koefoed, H.P.Nytoft and N.T.Dau (Denmark configuration is described. The method comprises providing a set of
Greenland Geol Sur; Vietnam Petroleum Inst). MARINE AND electromagnetic field data obtained using at least one
PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, pp.899-908, June 2009. (ISSN electromagnetic receiver and at least one electromagnetic source for
0264-8172; Over 10 refs) a range of source-receiver separations, e.g., providing conventional
The Cuu Long Basin (Mekong Basin) is a rift basin off southern controlled-source electromagnetic survey data. A subset of the
Vietnam, and the most important petroleum producing basin in the electromagnetic field data is identified that comprises data

GEOPHYSICS
obtained for source-receiver separations greater than a selected A lateral force and depth control device for a marine streamer
threshold offset. The threshold offset is chosen so that data beyond includes a housing configured to be coupled within the streamer. A
this offset are characteristic of magnetotelluric data. Thus the control surface is mounted to the housing such that a rotary
subset of data is then processed in accordance with a first technique orientation and an angle of attack of the control surface with
to obtain information on the background strata configuration. respect to the housing are changeable. The device includes means
Other electromagnetic field data obtained for source-receiver for moving the control surface to a selected rotary orientation with
separations less than the threshold offset may then be processed in respect to the housing. The device includes means for moving the
accordance with a second technique to obtain information on any control surface to a selected angle of attack with respect to the
subterranean resistive or conductive body within the background housing. A removable coupling is provided to couple the control
strata configuration. surface to the means for moving to a selected rotary orientation and
................................................................ means for moving to a selected angle of attack.
................................................................
DATA ACQUISITION 1,003,269
DATA ACQUISITION 1,003,273
VIBRATION ISOLATION SECTION
A.J.Gallagher and D.I.Wallace, asrs. (Phoenix Engineer Pty OCEAN BOTTOM CABLE AND SENSOR UNIT
Ltd). World 2009/036,495A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/17/2008 (Appl. A.W.Olivier, A.G.Kay and M.W.Ip, asrs. (ION Geophysical Corp).
0,801,371), pr. Austral. 9/19/2007 (Appl. 2007-905,117) World 2009/039,252A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/18/2008 (Appl. 0,876,814),
(G01V-0001/20; G01V-0001/38). (19 pp) pr. U.S. 9/18/2007 (Appl. 60/973,323) (G01V-0001/38). (20 pp)
According to the present invention there is provided a vibration An underwater ocean bottom cable constructed of a series of
isolation section for use in a seismic streamer system, the section axially aligned cable segments alternately arranged with sensor
including: a resilient sheath arranged to be connected end-to-end in units. The sensor units include an outer housing with an interior
a seismic streamer system and receive axial loads transmitted cavity in which a sensor module is suspended by a cradle. Vanes on
through the system, wherein the resilient sheath is configured to the sensor module protrude through axially elongated openings in
stretch upon receiving an axial load and substantially convert the the outer housing to dig into the seabed to provide good seismic
axial load into a radial stress; and a support structure housed coupling between the seabed and pressure sensors and motion
within the resilient sheath, the support structure including one or sensors housed in the sensor module. The outer sensor housing is
more members having substantially constant diameter under load split into complementary portions that clamp firmly onto the ends
which provides a reaction to the radial stress, thereby providing of adjacent cable segments. Stress members, such as high modulus
attenuation to the received axial load. fiber ropes, extend out the ends of adjacent cable segments. Axial
................................................................ channels formed in the intervening outer sensor housing on
opposite sides of the sensor module receive the stress members,
DATA ACQUISITION 1,003,270 which, along with the cradle, provide seismic isolation between the
cable segments and the sensor modules.
GENERATING SEISMIC VIBRATOR SIGNALS
................................................................
J.M.Smith, G.A.Sitton and R.I.Bloor, asrs. (ION Geophysical
Corp). World 2009/038,709A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/17/2008 (Appl. DATA PROCESSING 1,003,274
0,810,800), pr. U.S. 9/17/2007 (Appl. 856,386) (G01V-0001/02). (29
pp; Also assigned to J.M.Smith) ELECTROMAGNETIC PROSPECTING APPARATUS AND
A method and apparatus for generating a seismic source signal ELECTROMAGNETIC PROSPECTING METHOD
are provided for generating energy in the form of a plurality of time E.Arai, H.Katayama, K.Masuda, T.Hayashi, T.Nagaishi and
sequence vibratory signals, the vibratory signals being partitioned H.Ota, asrs. (Japan Oil Gas & Metal Corp). World 2009/041,343A1,
as a function of time and/or frequency, wherein each of the plurality p. 4/2/2009, f. 9/18/2008 (Appl. 0,866,834), pr. Japan 9/25/2007
of signals comprises a distinguishing signature. The partitioned (Appl. 2007-247,827) and Japan 9/25/2007 (Appl. 2007-247,828)
vibratory signals are emitted into a terrain of interest as seismic (G01V-0003/08; G01R-0033/035). (47 pp; In Japanese)
source signals for conducting a seismic survey. An intensity value (V1(p)) occurring before a time interval (T1)
................................................................ from a reference timing for a positive-direction pulse and an
intensity value (V2(p)) occurring after a time interval (T2) from the
DATA ACQUISITION 1,003,271 reference timing are obtained. In addition, an intensity value
(V1(n)) occurring before a time interval (T1) from a reference timing
LOW-POWER SATELLITE-TIMES SEISMIC DATA
for a negative-direction pulse and an intensity value (V2(n))
ACQUISITION SYSTEM
occurring after a time interval (T2) from the reference timing are
R.B.Adams, B.Vajapeyam, J.E.Prado, P.E.Carroll and
obtained. If the absolute value of the intensity value difference,
J.M.Hallaman, asrs. (Geospace Technologies LP). World
given by abs(V1(p) - V1(n)), exceeds a threshold value (Th1) or that
2009/038,769A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/19/2008 (Appl. 0,810,904), pr. U.S.
given by abs(V2(p) - V2(p)) exceeds a threshold value (Th2), it is
9/21/2007 (Appl. 60/974,266) (G01V-0001/00). (29 pp)
determined that offset is occurring in the time data and the data is
A recording system and method for conducting seismic surveys
excluded from a processing object.
including cordless battery-operated digital recorders, each
................................................................
employing an integral global positioning system receiver that is
only periodically enabled for the purpose of establishing EAST SIBERIAN SEA 1,003,275
synchronized acquisition clock signals among all the recorders. The
satellite receiver adjustment cycle is varied depending on past PROGNOSTIC MAP OF THE SEDIMENTARY COVER
acquisition clock accuracy and temperature changes. A time stamp THICKNESS FOR THE EAST SIBERIAN SEA BASED ON
is recorded with the digitized seismic data in non-volatile memory. SATELLITE ALTIMETRY DATA
The memory is sized to allow extended periods of operation. Each S.Yu.Sokolov (Russian Academy Sciences). DOKLADY EARTH
recorder preferably includes a low-power system timer that may be SCIENCES v.419, no.2, pp.205-209, Feb.-March 2008. (ISSN
used as a timer to remotely turn on and off the recorders according 1028-334X; Over 10 refs)
to a pre- programmed schedule to conserve power when the system Due to its geographic position and climatic conditions, the East
is not in use. Electronic components are idled or de-energized when Siberian Sea shelf is the least studied passive continental margin of
not needed. Russia. The shelf area makes up about 10 E+06 sq km. The high
................................................................ hydrocarbon potential of the region requires new approaches to the
reliable assessment of the sedimentary cover thickness (SCT) for
DATA ACQUISITION 1,003,272 the whole region and compilation of a tectonic map. This work
elucidates an approach to solution of the problem in a
SINGLE FOIL LATERAL FORCE AND DEPTH CONTROL
semiquantitative form (with a low appraised accuracy) based on
DEVICE FOR MARINE SEISMIC SENSOR ARRAY
remote methods. Such information involves satellite altimetry data
J.E.Stokkeland and J.Falkenberg. U.S. 2009/0,003,129A1, p.
recalculated into the free-air gravity anomaly for the polar region.
1/1/2009, f. 6/28/2007 (Appl. 823,788) (G01V-0001/38). (10 pp)

GEOPHYSICS
The distribution of the SCT obtained shows that the cover is FORMATION EVALUATION 1,003,278
located in graben-like basement depressions, which separate block
segments of the sea area. The basic sediment mass is concentrated EARTH ANALYSIS METHODS, SUBSURFACE FEATURE
in the western part of the Novosibirsk-Alaska Trough, which is DETECTION METHODS, EARTH ANALYSIS DEVICES, AND
referred to as the Vil’kitskii Trough, and in its branches. It is ARTICLES OF MANUFACTURE
crosscut by numerous NE- and NW-trending linear zones. Areas P.B.West, S.R.Novascone and J.P.Wright. U.S.
with signs of magmatism are, as a rule, confined to the periphery of 2009/0,022,010A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 7/16/2007 (Appl. 778,300)
the basement protrusions or intersections of linear zones. The (G01V-0001/30; G01V-0001/40; E21B-0049/00). (17 pp)
greatest thickness is expected to be in the depression southwest of Earth analysis methods, subsurface feature detection methods,
Wrangel Island, which is similar in its Bouguer anomaly earth analysis devices, and articles of manufacture are described.
configuration to the S. Chukchi Sea basin but occupies a smaller According to one embodiment, an earth analysis method includes
area. Nevertheless, the maximal prognostic thickness in the engaging a device with the earth, analyzing the earth in a single
depression reaches 10 km. substantially lineal direction using the device during the engaging,
................................................................ and providing information regarding a subsurface feature of the
earth using the analysis.
EQUATORIAL GUINEA 1,003,276 ................................................................
HOW DOES CARBONATE CEMENTATION IN SANDSTONES FRACTURE MAPPING 1,003,279

AFFECT SEISMIC RESPONSE?
T.Dutta, T.Mukerji and G.Mavko (Stanford Univ). 78TH INFORMATION FUSION TECHNOLOGY APPLIED TO
ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, INTEGRATIVE PREDICTION OF FRACTURE INTENSITY
11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.RP H.Y.Lu, S.H.Xiao and L.Deng (Chengdu Univ Technology).
2.6; Available at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; Over 10 NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7,
refs; Expanded abstract) pp.7a,49-51, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In Chinese)
Carbonate cementation and subsequent dissolution during [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
diagenesis can strongly modify the depositional porosity and ................................................................
permeability of a siliciclastic reservoir. This study focuses on how
FRANCE 1,003,280
carbonate cementation precipitated at the key sequence
stratigraphic surfaces impact the seismic impedance. Our goals are A COMPARISON OF DETAILED EQUATORIAL RED BED
two-fold: (1) to identify the sedimentological variations within RECORDS OF SECULAR VARIATION DURING THE
carbonate-cemented sandstones and (2) to quantify their effects on PERMO-CARBONIFEROUS REVERSED SUPERCHRON
P-impedance. To accomplish this goal, we identify the relationship M.M.Haldan, C.G.Langereis, A.J.Biggin, M.J.Dekkers and
between carbonate cementation and key stratigraphic surfaces. We M.E.Evans (Utrecht Univ; Alberta Univ). GEOPHYSICAL
find that the carbonate-cemented sandstones are extremely JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL v.177, no.3, pp.834-848, June 2009.
heterogeneous in our study area at offshore Equatorial Guinea, (ISSN 0956-540X; Over 10 refs)
West Africa. However, these sedimentological variations can be Detailed secular variation records during a superchron may
linked with two distinct stratigraphic surfaces: the flooding provide information on the behaviour of the geodynamo during
surfaces and the incision surfaces. The carbonate cements periods that the field does not reverse. The Permian red beds in
associated with distinct surfaces manifest themselves into two Dome de Barrot (southern France)--deposited during the Permo-
separate clusters in the P-impedance vs. porosity domain. The P- Carboniferous Reversed Superchron (PCRS, 317-265 Ma)--were
impedance vs. porosity trends of the data can be quantitatively previously argued to accurately record palaeosecular variation
interpreted using effective medium models. This study can be (PSV). This result is particularly valuable because the red beds
applied to quantify the sedimentological variations in carbonate were deposited near the palaeo-equator and therefore, according to
cemented sandstones from seismic impedance. (Longer abstract one model of secular variation, determine the contribution of the
available) even (symmetric) spherical harmonics of the field. We have
................................................................ extended the Dome de Barrot sequence, and we have established a
new record from the Permian red beds from the Lodeve basin
EUROPE 1,003,277 (southern France), also deposited at low latitudes. Additionally, we
AN INTEGRATED PALAEOMAGNETIC AND AMS STUDY critically review published data from low latitude Permian red beds
OF THE TERTIARY FLYSCH FROM THE OUTER WESTERN from the same basins. We focus on records with a sufficient number
CARPATHIANS of samples, and acquire, whenever possible, the original data, or as
E.Marton, M.Rauch-Wlodarska, O.Krejci, A.K.Tokarski and a second choice, parametrically sampled published site means. We
M.Bubik (Eotvos Lorand Geophys Inst; Polish Academy Sciences; test the distributions of these directions using a statistical secular
Czech Geological Survey). GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL variation field model (TK03.GAD).
INTERNATIONAL v.177, no.3, pp.925-940, June 2009. (ISSN ................................................................
0956-540X; Over 10 refs)
GAS HYDRATE 1,003,281
The Carpathians belong to the European Alpine system, which
was formed during the convergence and collision of the European UNIQUE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH SEISMIC
and African plates. The study area, which comprises the Magura ANALYSIS OF PARTIALLY GAS-SATURATED
and Silesian nappes of the Outer Western Carpathians, were the UNCONSOLIDATED SEDIMENTS
locations of intensive folding and nappe transport during the M.W.Lee and T.S.Collett (US Geological Survey). MARINE
Tertiary. There are a number of models depicting the changes in AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, pp.775-781, June 2009.
shapes and positions of the original sedimentary basins as a (ISSN 0264-8172; 9 refs)
consequence of the above processes. However, it is this study that Gas hydrate stability conditions restrict the occurrence of gas
provides the first palaeomagnetic constraints for reconstructing the hydrate to unconsolidated and high water-content sediments at
displacement history of the Silesian and Magura nappes during shallow depths. Because of these host sediments properties, seismic
Tertiary. For the palaeomagnetic and anisotropy of the low-field and well log data acquired for the detection of free gas and
magnetic susceptibility (AMS) studies, 554 independently oriented associated gas hydrate-bearing sediments often require
cores were drilled, mostly from claystones, at 57 geographically nonconventional analysis. For example, a conventional method of
distributed localities of Oligocene age (and partly of Late Eocene in identifying free gas using the compressional/shear-wave velocity
the Magura nappe). In the laboratory, the magnetic mineral (Vp/Vs) ratio at the logging frequency will not work, unless the free-
identified was always magnetite, invariably accompanied by gas saturations are more than about 40%. The P-wave velocity
paramagnetic pyrite. The AMS measurements showed that the dispersion of partially gas-saturated sediments causes a problem in
magnetic fabric was dominantly foliated. The foliation and bedding interpreting well log velocities and seismic data. Using the White,
poles were very close at most of the localities, suggesting that the J.E. [1975. Computed seismic speeds and attenuation in rocks with
foliation was of sedimentary/compaction origin.
................................................................

GEOPHYSICS
partial gas saturation. Geophysics 40, 224-232] model for partially JAPAN 1,003,285
gas-saturated sediments, the difference between well log and
seismic velocities can be reconciled. The inclusion of P-wave ANALYTICAL EXPRESSIONS AND DISTRIBUTIONS OF
velocity dispersion in interpreting well log data is, therefore, VERTICAL GRADIENT OF GRAVITY CAUSED BY MODEL
essential to identify free gas and to tie surface seismic data to BODIES WITH AN ELLIPTICAL SHAPED HORIZONTAL
synthetic seismograms. (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) CROSS SECTION
................................................................ T.Hiroshima and M.Makino (Japan Geological Survey).
BUTSURI-TANSA v.60, no.2, pp.183-202, April 2007. (ISSN
GAS HYDRATE 1,003,282 0912-7984; 9 refs; In Japanese)
Many basin-type gravity anomalies with elliptical symmetry
SEISMIC INVESTIGATION OF NATURAL METHANE can be found in the gravity map series (1:200,000) published by the
HYDRATE DEPOSITS Geological Survey of Japan, AIST. To analyze these gravity
W.Wood (US Naval Research Lab). 154TH ACOUSTICAL anomalies, the authors reviewed the computing equations of
SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA, vertical gradient of gravity based on the model bodies (vertical solid
11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE elliptical cylinder, elliptical cone, elliptical parabola, ellipsoid, error
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, p.2982, function shaped bodies). Some characteristics are described in the
Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2pAO1; Abstract only) maps drawn by these computing equations.
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] ................................................................
................................................................
KAZAKHSTAN 1,003,286
GRAVITY EXPLORATION 1,003,283
EFFECTS OF FRACTURES ON THE ROCK PHYSICS OF
METHOD FOR OIL SAND EXPLORATION AND LIMESTONES IN KASHAGAN FIELD
DEVELOPMENT C.D’Agosto, P.Cibin, R.Miandro, R.Nolen-Hoeksema and
W.A.Breukelman, B.W.Main and J.B.French, asrs. (Gedex Inc). W.Murphy (Eni E&P; Agip-KCO; Earthworks LLC). 78TH
U.S. 2009/0,000,784A1, p. 1/1/2009, f. 6/26/2008 (Appl. 213,969), pr. ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV,
U.S. 6/28/2007 (Appl. 60/929,473) and U.S. 7/19/2007 (Appl. 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.RP
60/929,963) (E21B-0049/00). (10 pp) 2.1; Available at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 5 refs;
The invention provides a method of locating, in terrain Expanded abstract)
containing oil sand deposits and also containing shale, clean oil We have investigated the seismic velocities, their variations
sands deposits (i.e., those not containing significant shale) which and dependencies, in wells that penetrate the limestone reservoirs
are large enough for economic exploitation. The method includes from Kashagan oil field. Porosity alone controls the seismic-wave
flying a high sensitivity gravity gradiometer over the terrain and velocities of the intact limestones. Fluid saturation has little effect
measuring at least one component, preferably the vertical on intact rock because the rock frame is so stiff. A high density of
component, of the local gravity gradient field at a number of points fractures decreases the frame stiffnesses. A high density of
in a grid pattern on the terrain. The densities of sand and shale are fractures decreases the compressional and shear wave velocities,
normally approximately the same, making it difficult to distinguish correspondingly. In highly fractured zones, bitumen and water
them. However, in an oil sands environment, there can be a increase the compressional wave velocity significantly relative to oil
sufficient difference in bulk density such that by using a very and gas. These results were derived from testing simple conceptual
sensitive gravity gradiometer, or by otherwise reducing the noise models against log data. The models were developed to describe (1)
signal using appropriate surveying methods, large clean oil sand the intact limestone frame in low-porosity limestone, (2) fluid
deposits can be distinguished from other oil sand deposits not large saturation including gas, oil, water, and bitumen, and (3)
enough for economic exploitation. fracturing. A key concept is that the highly fractured zones consist
................................................................ of completely fragmented rock as opposed to slightly cracked rock.
(Longer abstract available)
INDIAN OCEAN 1,003,284 ................................................................
EVOLUTION OF THE LATE CRETACEOUS CRUST IN THE
KUWAIT 1,003,287
EQUATORIAL REGION OF THE NORTHERN INDIAN
OCEAN AND ITS IMPLICATION IN UNDERSTANDING THE MICROSEISMIC MONITORING OF A MIDDLE EAST
PLATE KINEMATICS CARBONATE RESERVOIR: MINAGISH SENSITIVITY TEST
M.Desa, M.V.Ramana and T.Ramprasad (Nat Inst Oceanogr RESULTS
(India)). GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL v.177, E.Gaucher, C.Maisons, A.Y.Al-Kandari, K.Al-Atroshi and
no.3, pp.1265-1278, June 2009. (ISSN 0956-540X; Over 10 refs) J.M.Al-Kanderi (Magnitude; Kuwait Oil Co). 78TH ANNUAL SEG
Analysis of 3100 km of newly acquired marine magnetic data, INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008)
constrained by satellite and shipborne free air gravity anomalies, in TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.PSC 2.4; Available
the corridor between the 86°E fracture zone (FZ) and Ninetyeast at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 1 ref; Expanded
Ridge, north of the equator, reveals the evolutionary history of the abstract)
Late Cretaceous crust characterized by anomaly 34 through 31 During the first quarter of 2006, a microseismic monitoring
(83.5-68.7 Ma) under complex tectonic settings. Seafloor spreading pilot was implemented in Minagish field, Western Kuwait. The
model studies suggest that the crust, particularly between the target zone was the Minagish Oolite, a microporous carbonate
chrons 33R and 33 (79.0-73.6 Ma), was formed with variable and reservoir, about 350 ft thick and around 9,600 ft deep. The
slightly higher half-spreading rates (4.8-7.1 cm yr-1) than the crust monitoring string, an SST-500 wireline tool of four 3C-geophones,
of similar age either in the regions west of 86°E FZ or east of the was temporarily deployed in an abandoned well on the eastern
Ninetyeast Ridge or the Southern Crozet Basin. Further, the flank of the field. The purpose of the surveillance was (1) to assess
interpretation of magnetic anomalies suggests the presence of fossil the occurrence of microseisms induced by the production operations
spreading ridge segments and extra oceanic crust on the Indian and especially the water injection along the flank; (2) to
plate that has been transferred from the Antarctica plate by characterize such microseismicity; and (3) to measure the effective
discrete southward ridge jumps. These ridge jumps are caused by network sensitivity with depth. Such a microseismic pilot survey
thermal instability of the spreading centre as the Indian plate should provide insight on the added-value that this monitoring
moved northward over the Kerguelen mantle plume. The present technique may bring to the production and reservoir engineering
study indicates that the spreading ridge-plume interaction is the management. During the 50 days of effective monitoring, about
prime mechanism for these ridge jumps, which have occurred since 2,000 microseisms were identified and 600 events with a magnitude
75.8 Ma. of -2.0 to 0.3 were located. The large majority was located on the
................................................................ western side of a NNE-trending line as consistent with the
structure flank direction. A more detailed analysis also highlighted
clusters of microseisms between injection-production doublets. In

GEOPHYSICS
fact, one doublet was believed to be connected, which was subtraction of the core and external magnetic field estimates from
subsequently confirmed. (Longer abstract available) TF values. The most recent international geomagnetic reference
................................................................ field models available at the time of the surveys were used to
estimate the core field component (these models were revised later).
LOUISIANA 1,003,288 External fields were estimated from magnetic observatory data.
However, most of the measurements were not corrected for the
INTERPRETATION OF MICROSEISMICITY INDUCED BY A
external fields. We use comprehensive models to properly remove
GEL AND A WATER FRACTURING IN TIGHT GAS
the core and external magnetic fields from all original TF
RESERVOIR
measurements stored in the GEODAS. A track-by-track analysis of
C.Dinske, S.Shapiro and J.T.Rutledge (Berlin Freie Univ; Los
the data is necessary mainly to correct or to remove many shifted
Alamos National Lab). 78TH ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL
values as well as to reduce the noise in some track lines. Two
MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL
additional processes are applied to obtain a data set coherent over
PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.PSC 2.3; Available at
the world. It includes an adjustment of long-wavelength magnetic
http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 7 refs; Expanded
anomalies using the national geophysical data center (NGDC)-720
abstract)
model, plus a line leveling method which mainly reduced some
We analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics of hydraulic
inconsistencies between different surveys.
fracturing induced microseismicity. We present a model that
................................................................
describes the growth of a hydraulic fracture and its corresponding
microseismic event cloud as a geometry and diffusion controlled MEXICO GULF 1,003,291
process. This model contributes to estimate important parameters
of the fractured area and the reservoir as well, and to a better ONE-DIMENSIONAL PRESTACK SEISMIC WAVEFORM
understanding of underlying physical processes. We apply the INVERSION USING ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER
model to well documented datasets from fracturing experiments in L.Jin, M.K.Sen and P.L.Stoffa (Texas Univ, Austin). 78TH
Cotton Valley tight gas reservoir. The treatments were performed ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV,
with different parameters, e.g., type of treatment fluid, injection 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.SI
flow rate, total volume of fluid and of proppant. In case of a gel- 2.7; Available at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; Over 10
based fracturing, the r-t diagram of microseismicity shows refs; Expanded abstract)
signatures of fracture volume growth, fracturing fluid loss as well We propose an ensemble Kalman filter based one-dimensional
as a diffusion of the injection pressure. In contrast, in a water- prestack seismic waveform inversion method for estimating elastic
based fracturing the volume creation growth and the diffusion parameters. The basic idea is that the offset or incident angle
controlled growth of the microseismic event cloud are not clearly dependent data are inverted sequentially, which is similar to the
separated from each other. However, interpretation of induced process of time dependent data being used sequentially in
seismicity for both the gel as well as the water treatment resulted petroleum engineering or groundwater hydrology. The proposed
in very similar estimates of fracture geometry and hydraulic method is tested with a synthetic data using both flat and good
properties of the reservoir. (Longer abstract available) initial models. (Longer abstract available)
................................................................ ................................................................
MAGNETIC EXPLORATION 1,003,289 MEXICO GULF 1,003,292

PROPERTIES OF PARTIAL THERMOREMANENCE IN WAVEFORM INVERSION IN THE LAPLACE-FOURIER
MAGNETITE: TESTING THE BLOCKING VERSUS DOMAIN
UNBLOCKING TEMPERATURE SPECTRUM USING THE C.Shin and Y.H.Cha (Seoul National Univ). GEOPHYSICAL
PHENOMENOLOGICAL MODEL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL v.177, no.3, pp.1067-1079, June
Y.Yu (Chungnam National Univ). JOURNAL OF 2009. (ISSN 0956-540X; Over 10 refs)
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH v.114, no.B4, 4/4/2009. (ISSN Since the pioneering work of Tarantola, waveform inversion has
0148-0227; Citation no.B04101; 10 pp; Over 10 refs) emerged as a tool for estimating velocity models of the subsurface
To better understand the fundamentals of Thellier-type using pre-stack seismic data. The waveform inversions have
absolute geomagnetic field intensity determinations, a map of χ was usually been performed in the time or frequency domain, but this
constructed from the experimental blocking versus unblocking can make it difficult to recover long-wavelength components of the
relation. Once constructed, the map of χ can predict the outcome of velocity model due to the high non-linearity of the objective
a Thellier experiment. Thellier predictions were compared with an function and the lack of low-frequency components in the field data.
independent Thellier experiment. The contribution from low- and Instead, it has been recently suggested that Laplace-domain
high-temperature partial thermoremanent magnetization (pTRM) waveform inversion can circumvent these limitations. By using the
tails increased as the grain size of magnetite increased, indicating a zero-frequency component of the damped wavefield, the Laplace-
progressive violation of pTRM reciprocity in the multi-domain (MD) domain waveform inversion can recover long-wavelength structures
range. Such a violation of reciprocity with increasing grain size of the velocity model even if low-frequency components less than 5
generated enhancement of down-sagging features in Arai plots, a Hz are unreliable or would be unusable in conventional inversions.
primary reason for the failure of Thellier experiments. As The main drawback is that the penetration depth of the Laplace-
anticipated, MD magnetites displayed broad unblocking spectra, domain inversion depends on the offset distance and the choice of
while single-domain grains showed a narrow inflection. Overall, the Laplace damping constants. In this paper, we propose an improved
mapping of χ was useful in predicting key features in the Thellier Laplace-Fourier domain waveform inversion to compensate for
experiment. However, as the grain size increased, there was a these weak points. This is accomplished by exploiting low
growing discrepancy between prediction and experiments, possibly frequency components (less than 5 Hz) of the damped wavefield.
caused by the initial state dependence of pTRM intensity. ................................................................
................................................................
MIGRATION (SEISMIC) 1,003,293
MAGNETIC EXPLORATION 1,003,290
REVERSE TIME MIGRATION IMAGING AND MODEL
A NEW GLOBAL MARINE MAGNETIC ANOMALY DATA SET ESTIMATION
Y.Quesnel, M.Catalan and T.Ishihara (CEREGE; Armada Real P.Farmer, Z.Z.Zhou and D.Jones (GX Technology). OFFSHORE
Inst Observ). JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH v.114, TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX,
no.B4, 4/4/2009. (ISSN 0148-0227; Citation no.B04106; 11 pp; Over 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
10 refs) OTC-19879; Available on CD-ROM; 5 pp; 5 refs)
The geophysical data system (GEODAS) stores more than 20 The key depth imaging technology addressed in this article is
million magnetic measurements acquired over oceans and seas reverse time migration (RTM). It will be compared to Kirchhoff,
since the 1950s. Usually, the original total field (TF) and magnetic beam and other wave equation migration (WEM) techniques. There
anomaly values are both stored. The anomaly results from the will be an emphasis on reducing exploration cycle time and risk.

GEOPHYSICS
Recent trends such as TTI anisotropy and wide azimuth wavefield shifts. I develop an expression linking the definition of
applications will also be discussed. RTM is most suitable in geologic reflection opening angle to various geometric and shifting factors. I
regimes that exhibit significant amounts of salt. Typically, there are demonstrate that, under certain circumstances, generalized
contrasts in velocity and steeply dipping features in this setting. coordinate ADCIGs can be calculated directly using Fourier-based
The key conclusion from this article is that by using RTM offset-to-angle approaches. An elliptic coordinate example is given
throughout the imaging sequence, including model building, the to validate the theory. A method for eliminating geometric factors
total cycle time of the project can be significantly reduced. from the ADCIG expression using judicious wavefield shifts is
Exploration risk is also reduced by RTM because it produces derived; however, this approach likely is not computationally
images that are more accurate in terms of structure and advantageous in practice. (Longer abstract available)
amplitudes. (Copyright 2009 OTC) ................................................................
................................................................
OPTIMIZING THE GROUPING OF SHOTS FOR SHOT-
MULTI-STEP REVERSE TIME MIGRATION RECORD MIGRATION
Y.C.Kim, J.Ji, K.J.Yoon, B.Wang, Z.Li and W.Xu (TGS NOPEC S.Morton, M.Shi, J.Leveille and M.Oyler (Hess Corp). 78TH
Geophysical Co). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV,
[OTC 09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper
978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19875; Available on CD-ROM; 5 pp; 4 refs) no.SPMI 2.4; Available at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 3
Reverse-time migration (RTM), being based on the two-way refs; Expanded abstract)
wave equation, can generate superior subsurface images in areas Shot-record pre-stack depth migration is a standard component
where other migration methods based on the Kirchhoff integral or of our seismic imaging toolbox and has a cost proportional to the
the one-way wave equation cannot correctly image reflectors below number of shots migrated. A decade ago we migrated using one-way
complex overburdens such as salt or basalt. In addition, because of approximations to wave propagation, commonly called wave-
its ability to image reflection events that cannot be properly imaged equation migration, and frequently only used a fraction of the shots
by other imaging techniques (e.g., prism waves), RTM can be used to control the computational cost. Today, we routinely run multiple
for refining a velocity model. Thus, RTM is a tool of choice when iterations of wave-equation migration using all the shots. However,
exploring targets below salt canopies or other complexly shaped reverse-time migration, using the more accurate two-way
salt bodies. Despite considerable advances in computer technology, propagation approximation, is very expensive with today’s
however, the cost of running RTM is still very high. The amount of computers when all the shots are used. Rather than migrating a
computation far exceeds that of conventional one-way wave subset of the shots, it is common today to combine nearby shots into
equation migration (WEM). In addition, it requires a large amount a super-shot which can be migrated at the cost of a single shot. One
of core memory for computation. Thus, it is critical to speed up the simple method for creating a super-shot is to bin the shot locations.
computation and reduce the amount of memory for production In this paper, we present an algorithm for optimizing the grouping
usage of RTM. By dividing a velocity model into a few regions in of shots, generally resulting in fewer super-shots and/or less shot
depth, we are able to substantially reduce the computation time movement when compared with shot binning. (Longer abstract
and the memory required to run RTM, thereby making RTM more available)
cost-effective for large-scale production applications. (Copyright ................................................................
2009 OTC)
................................................................ NEW JERSEY 1,003,298
MIGRATION (SEISMIC) 1,003,295 CHIRP SEISMIC REFLECTION DATA ON THE NEW

JERSEY MIDDLE AND OUTER SHELF: THE GEOLOGIC
FULL-AZIMUTH ANGLE DOMAIN IMAGING RESPONSE TO 40,000 YEARS OF SEA LEVEL CHANGE
Z.Koren, I.Ravve, E.Ragoza, A.Bartana and D.Kosloff (Paradigm J.Goff, J.Austin, Jr., B.Christensen and A.Turgut (Texas Univ,
Geophysical; Tel Aviv Univ). 78TH ANNUAL SEG Austin; US Naval Research Lab). 154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY
INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008) OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA,
TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.SPMI 2.2; Available 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE
at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; Over 10 refs; ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, p.2983,
Expanded abstract) Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2pAO5; Abstract only)
This work presents a new seismic imaging system for [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
generating and extracting high-resolution information about ................................................................
subsurface angle dependent reflectivity, with simultaneous
emphasis on both continuous structural surfaces and discontinuous NEW MEXICO 1,003,299
objects, such as faults and small-scale fractures. The system
MICROSEISMIC SIGNATURES OF NONLINEAR PORE
enables full-azimuth, angle-dependent seismic imaging using
PRESSURE DIFFUSION
reflection data recorded through seismic acquisition surveys,
N.Hummel and T.M.Mueller (Karlsruhe Univ). 78TH ANNUAL
especially wide-azimuth and long offset data. Geometrical
SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008)
attributes, such as dip-azimuth and continuity of the local
TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.PSC 2.2; Available
reflecting surfaces, can be automatically extracted directly from the
at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; Over 10 refs;
full-azimuth angle gathers. Azimuthal anisotropy can be detected,
Expanded abstract)
leading to an accurate anisotropy model representation. (Longer
Most fractured porous rocks show a strong dependence of their
abstract available)
fluid transport properties on the effective pressure and thus on the
................................................................
pore pressure. Consequently the process of pore pressure diffusion
MIGRATION (SEISMIC) 1,003,296 is governed by the nonlinear diffusion equation. Solutions of this
equation that correspond to fluid injection experiments are
ANGLE-DOMAIN COMMON-IMAGE GATHERS IN analyzed and the associated microseismic signatures are explored.
GENERALIZED COORDINATES In particular, it is shown that the process of nonlinear pore
J.Shragge (Stanford Univ). 78TH ANNUAL SEG pressure diffusion allows to define two triggering fronts. One
INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008) corresponds to the triggering of microseismic events without
TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.SPMI 2.3; Available changing the fluid transport properties significantly; another one
at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 8 refs; Expanded triggers the majority of microseismic events and that alters the
abstract) fluid transport properties significantly. For the Fenton Hill
Angle-domain common-image gather (ADCIG) theory is hydrofrac experiment we demonstrate the existence of these
extended to migrations performed in generalized coordinate nonlinear pore pressure diffusion signatures. (Longer abstract
systems and subsurface offset axes generated by nonlinear available)
................................................................

GEOPHYSICS
NIGER DELTA AREA 1,003,300 deghosting the particle motion data based at least in part on the
estimated cross-line spectra.
CRUSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE DEEPWATER WEST ................................................................
NIGER DELTA PASSIVE MARGIN FROM THE
INTERPRETATION OF SEISMIC REFLECTION DATA NORTH SEA 1,003,304
S.E.Briggs, J.Cartwright and R.J.Davies (Cardiff Univ; Durham
Univ). MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, ESTIMATING THE HYDROCARBON VOLUME FROM
pp.936-950, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172; Over 10 refs) ELASTIC AND RESISTIVITY DATA: A CONCEPT
The interpretation of 2D and 3D seismic reflection data C.T.Gomez, J.Dvorkin and G.Mavko (Stanford Univ). THE
complemented with gravity data allows the crustal architecture of LEADING EDGE v.27, no.6, pp.710-712,714,716,718, June 2008.
the deepwater west Niger Delta passive margin to be defined. The (ISSN 1070-485X)
data show that the area is underlain by oceanic crust that is Estimating the volume of hydrocarbons in place, the product of
characterised by a thickness of 5-7 km and by internal reflectivity porosity and saturation, is a major problem in applied geophysics,
consisting of both dipping and sub-horizontal reflectors. Some of the but the solution is not straightforward. Reflection seismology
dipping reflections can be traced up to the top of the basement depends on the contrasts of the elastic properties (impedance and
where they offset it across a series of minor to major thrust faults. velocity) that are predominantly affected by porosity and
Other internal reflections are attributed to extensional shear zones mineralogy. The elastic properties of a rock may also strongly
and possibly due to intrusions in the lower crust. The Moho can be depend on whether it is wet or hydrocarbon-saturated. However,
correlated as a discrete reflection over > 70% of the study area. It is their dependence on hydrocarbon saturation (if larger than zero
generally smooth, but localised relief of up to 1 km is observed. The and smaller than one) is weak. As a result, interpreting seismic
southeastern part of the study area is dominated by a zone of SW- data to quantify saturation is often difficult. On the other hand,
NE striking basement thrusts. The crustal thickness in the study resistivity strongly reacts to a combination of porosity and
area is below the global average for a typical oceanic crust. saturation, but the latter is impossible to estimate without making
Generally the crust is thinnest around a major transform structure, an assumption about the former. Consequently, neither seismic nor
the Chain Fracture Zone, possibly related to the local geometry of resistivity data, if analyzed separately, can provide the desired
the spreading fabrics. There is no significant variation in the estimate of hydrocarbons in place. The question remains: can these
thickness of the crust across this ocean-ocean transform in the two types of data be used together to address the problem? In this
area. ... (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available) paper, we discuss a physics-driven solution that combines two
................................................................ theoretical models, one that relates the elastic-wave velocity to
porosity, mineralogy, and pore fluid and one that relates resistivity
NOISE REDUCTION 1,003,301 to porosity and saturation.
................................................................
[R] ATTENUATING PARTICLE MOTION SENSOR NOISE IN
DUAL SENSOR TOWED MARINE SEISMIC STREAMERS NORTH SEA 1,003,305
W.Sollner, X.P.Li and M.Widmaier, asrs. (PGS Geophysical AS).
Gr. Brit. 2,442,854A, p. 4/16/2008, f. 10/8/2007 (Appl. 0,719,614), pr. STRESS-DEPENDENT ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF SHALES:
U.S. 10/11/2006 (Appl. 546,448) (G01V-0001/36; G01V-0001/38). (36 MEASUREMENT AND MODELING
pp) SRPA# 973,311 M.Pervukhina, D.Dewhurst, B.Gurevich, U.Kuila, T.Siggins,
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #973,311] M.Raven and H.M.Nordgard Bolas (CSIRO Petroleum; Curtin Univ
................................................................ Technology; Colorado Sch Mines). THE LEADING EDGE v.27,
no.6, pp.772-774,776,778-779, June 2008. (ISSN 1070-485X)
NOISE REDUCTION 1,003,302 Despite decades of research, current understanding of elastic
properties of shales is insufficient as it is based on a limited
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRE-INVERSION NOISE number of observations caused by the time-consuming nature of
ATTENUATION OF SEISMIC DATA testing that results from their low permeability. Though it is well
S.K.Chiu, R.A.Olson and C.W.Emmons, asrs. (ConocoPhillips known that shales are highly anisotropic and assumed to be
Co). World 2009/035,729A1, p. 3/19/2009, f. 5/22/2008 (Appl. transversely isotropic (TI) media, few laboratory experiments have
0,864,529), pr. U.S. 9/14/2007 (Appl. 855,776) (G01V-0001/00). (33 been carried out for measuring the five elastic constants that define
pp) TI media on well-preserved shales. Many previous measurements
A method and apparatus for pre-inversion noise attenuation of were made without control of pore pressure, which is crucial for the
seismic data. The method can generally comprise (a) acquiring determination of shale elastic properties.
seismic data including receiver data corresponding to vibratory ................................................................
signals simultaneously generated by the multiple sources and
detected by at least one of the receivers at a location remote from NORTH SEA 1,003,306
the sources and source data corresponding to the vibratory signals
detected at a location in proximity to the sources; (b) attenuating SHALE ROCK PHYSICS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR AVO
noise present within at least a portion of the receiver data to ANALYSIS: A NORTH SEA DEMONSTRATION
generate corrected receiver data; and (c) inverting the corrected P.Avseth, A.Draege, A.J.van Wijngaarden, T.A.Johansen and
receiver data with the source data to separate the vibratory signals. A.Jorstad (Rock Physics Technology; StatoilHydro Global Explor;
................................................................ Bergen Univ; Lundin (Norway)). THE LEADING EDGE v.27, no.6,
pp.788-790,792-794,796-797, June 2008. (ISSN 1070-485X)
NOISE REDUCTION 1,003,303 Shales normally constitute more than 80% of sediments and
sedimentary rocks in siliciclastic environments. Shales are
3D DEGHOSTING OF MULTICOMPONENT OR important both in controlling the overburden seismic wave
OVER/UNDER STREAMER RECORDINGS USING CROSS- propagation as well as the reflectivity contrast between cap rocks
LINE WAVENUMBER SPECTRA OF HYDROPHONE DATA and reservoir rocks in prestack seismic data. Therefore, during
J.O.A.Robertsson, M.Vassallo, D.J.Van Manen and A.Ozbek, AVO analysis it is crucial to understand the seismic properties of
asrs. (Schlumberger Canada Ltd; Geco Technology BV; shales as a function of mineralogy and compaction. In this study,
WesternGeco LLC). World 2009/035,787A2, p. 3/19/2009, f. 8/1/2008 we derive the local shale trend for a North Sea gas-and-oil field by
(Appl. 0,871,959), pr. U.S. 9/10/2007 (Appl. 60/971,189) and U.S. integrating rock physics modeling with well-log and seismic data
7/8/2008 (Appl. 169,260) (G01V-0001/38). (33 pp) analysis.
A technique includes obtaining pressure data that was acquired ................................................................
by seismic sensors towed as part of a three-dimensional spread of
streamers and obtaining particle motion data, which are indicative NORTHEAST ATLANTIC OCEAN 1,003,307
of particle motion at locations of the sensors. The technique
includes estimating cross-line spectra of the pressure data based at IDENTIFYING TIME, TEMPERATURE, AND
least in part on the pressure data, and the technique includes MINERALOGICAL EFFECTS ON CHEMICAL COMPACTION
IN SHALES BY ROCK PHYSICS RELATIONS

GEOPHYSICS
V.Storvoll and I.Brevik (StatoilHydro Research Ctr). THE these approaches remain adequate for the needs. Complex geology
LEADING EDGE v.27, no.6, pp.750-752,754-756, June 2008. (ISSN however, exposed the limits of the approximations and methods. As
1070-485X) such, the industry responded with alternative algorithms, for
The seismic response of a shale is a direct result of the original example Gaussian beam, wavefield extrapolation, and reverse-time
mineral composition, textural configuration at deposition, and approaches. As well, acquisition methods improved, providing
degree of compaction. The aim of this article is to show how the enhanced azimuthal sampling for marine steamer surveys and
compactional processes and mineralogical effects can be directly further challenges for the imaging algorithms. All depth imaging
identified by rock physics techniques and to emphasize the depends on the velocity model. Everyone struggles to derive a
importance of having a thorough geological understanding when model that represents the geology and fits the assumptions of the
doing rock physics analysis. To succeed, we must first understand chosen imaging method. Full waveform inversion also requires
the fundamental relationships between sedimentology, the significant compute resources, given that multiple iterations of
compactional processes, and the expected rock physics response forward modeling and residual wavefield back propagation must be
that are not restricted to a particular basin or data set. To achieve performed. This paper describes an implementation of a time-
this, we used wireline logs from 100 wells on the mid-Norwegian domain 3D waveform inversion. Unlike frequency-domain
shelf to establish robust rock physics background trends in shales algorithms that use waveform redundancy to lower compute
that were compared with the local responses in and around a target requirements, this method functions efficiently on current computer
area. The target was the Tulipan well in the southwestern part of architecture. Most importantly, high-quality images result from
the mid-Norwegian shelf where thick deposits from the glacial- migrations using the model produced by numerous iterations of
marine North Sea Fan are located. waveform inversion. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
................................................................ ................................................................
NORWEGIAN SEA 1,003,308 NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,311

DATA PROCESSING OF MARINE MULTICOMPONENT METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL
SEISMIC - A CASE STUDY OF 4-COMPONENT 2D OBC INVERSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC DATA
DATA, OFFSHORE NORWAY R.Mackie, asr. (Schlumberger Canada; Geco Technology BV).
E.Asakawa and P.Ward (JGI Inc). BUTSURI-TANSA v.60, no.2, World 2009/039,533A2, p. 3/26/2009, f. 11/12/2008 (Appl. 0,883,268),
pp.155-170, April 2007. (ISSN 0912-7984; 5 refs) pr. U.S. 9/20/2007 (Appl. 60/973,885) and U.S. 8/23/2008 (Appl.
Multicomponent seismic technology has been improved 197,239) (G01V-0003/08). (27 pp)
significantly with higher fidelity acquisition systems and more Methods and systems in accordance with this invention perform
advanced data analysis methods. Especially in marine seismic, three-dimensional inversion of electromagnetic data, such as
4-component ocean bottom cable (OBC) is practically applied for magnetotelluric (MT) data and controlled-source electromagnetic
reservoir characterization and exploration at the water depth of (CSEM) data, and three-dimensional joint inversion of MT and
more than 1000 m. Converted wave processing and interpretation CSEM data. In exemplary embodiments, nonlinear conjugate
is a fairly new topic and there is a lack of data and expertise gradient (NLCG) methods are used in lieu of iterative, linearized
around the world. Until now, the most common converted wave inversion, and line-search and preconditioning techniques are used
data has been essentially 1-D, VSP and OBS (ocean bottom that accommodate and exploit the structure of the MCSEM and MT
seismometer) records. Recently there is an increasing use of problem.
multicomponent OBC 2-D and 3-D surveys. They are especially ................................................................
applied to evaluate reservoirs, because it has been revealed that P-
S converted waves can give valuable additional lithological NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,312
information. They also give clear reflections where the P-wave
COMPARISONS FOR WAVEFORM INVERSION, TIME
reflections are poor due to a very small acoustic impedance
DOMAIN OR FREQUENCY DOMAIN?
contrast. It is worthwhile that we introduce the actual processing of
D.Vigh and E.W.Starr (Staag Imaging LP). 78TH ANNUAL
the 4C line to discuss on P-S converted wave processing and later to
develop new tools and techniques in this rapidly evolving field.
TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.SI 2.1; Available at
................................................................
http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; Over 10 refs; Expanded
NORWEGIAN SEA 1,003,309 abstract)
The Earth model parameters are essential to hydrocarbon
SHALLOW WATER 3D MULTIPLE ATTENUATION: A CASE exploration. In particular, the velocity representation of the
STUDY IN METHODS subsurface permanently engages creative minds to find ways to
B.Webb, N.Flesja, O.E.Kristiansen, A.F.Vignati and derive more accurate fields. One of these tools is full waveform
H.A.Aronsen (WesternGeco; Eni E&P; StatoilHydro). WORLD OIL inversion. This compute-intensive tool uses acquired seismic data
v.230, no.6, pp.45-48, June 2009. (ISSN 0043-8790; 3 refs) and forward modeling to obtain a velocity field in an iterative
This article discusses the basic principles behind the surface- manner. Since the mid-1980s, the geophysical community has been
related multiple elimination (SRME) technique and demonstrates devoting considerable research to waveform inversion. The
its effect on newly acquired data in August 2008 for Eni and inversion can be implemented in either the time or frequency
partners in the PL122/159C licenses in the Norwegian Sea. The use domain. In this paper, we investigate the pros and cons for each
of 3D SRME to attenuate multiples in a relatively shallow water- domain along with some discussion on their ability to be used for
bottom environment is examined. In addition, a 2D SRME is 3D surveys. (Longer abstract available)
compared with the newer 3D general surface multiple prediction ................................................................
(GSMP) method.
................................................................ NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,313
NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,310 FULL-WAVEFORM INVERSION RESULTS WHEN USING

ACOUSTIC APPROXIMATION INSTEAD OF ELASTIC
3D PRESTACK FULL WAVEFORM INVERSION MEDIUM
D.Vigh, E.W.Starr and K.Dingwall (WesternGeco). OFFSHORE C.Barnes and M.Charara (Cergy Pontoise Univ; Globe Inst
TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, Physique). 78TH ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING
5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27,
OTC-19897; Available on CD-ROM; 4 pp; 11 refs) 2008. (Paper no.SI 2.2; Available at http://www.seg.org as of
During the last decade, seismic prestack depth imaging became 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 3 refs; Expanded abstract)
commonplace due to advances in compute capability and proven Seismic marine data inversion is a very heavy process,
return on investments. The early approaches using simplified especially for the 3D seismic case. Often, approximations are made
versions of the wave equation proved the value, despite the to limit the number of physical parameters or to speed up the
relatively high computational demand. In many geologic situations forward modeling. Because the data are often dominated by

GEOPHYSICS
unconverted P waves, one popular approximation is to consider the principles of GDM. (2) Condition the new realization with well logs.
earth as purely acoustic: no shear modulus; even sometimes with (3) Simulate the synthetic seismic. The misfit between actual and
constant density. Non-linear waveform seismic inversion consists in synthetic data is given by the objective function. (4) Minimize the
iteratively minimizing the misfit between the amplitudes of the objective function by perturbing the gradual deformation
measured and the modeled data. Approximations, such as acoustic coefficient. (5) Assign the optimized realization as the new initial
medium, lead to model incorrectly the amplitudes of the seismic one. This loop is performed until the match with the actual seismic
waves, especially with respect to offset (AVO) and therefore have a data is satisfactory. We show that the basic GDM formulation gives
direct impact on the inversion results. For evaluation purposes, we promising results on a synthetic test case for seismic inversion in a
performed a series of inversions with different approximations and reservoir model. (Longer abstract available)
different constraints where the synthetic data set to recover is ................................................................
computed for a 1D elastic medium. The different physical
approximations go from an acoustic medium to a fully elastic NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,317
medium. The different geometrical constraints go from fixed
STOCHASTIC SEISMIC INVERSION USING BOTH
interface positions to full 2D inversion and for the data, from near
WAVEFORM AND TRAVELTIME DATA AND ITS
to far offset. As expected, the acoustic approximation is not minor
APPLICATION TO TIME-LAPSE MONITORING
and it impacts the inversion results, in some cases drastically.
Y.Quan and J.M.Harris (Stanford Univ). 78TH ANNUAL SEG
(Longer abstract available)
INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008)
................................................................
TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.SI 2.6; Available at
NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,314 http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 8 refs; Expanded
abstract)
3D WAVEFORM INVERSION BASED ON REVERSE TIME A stochastic approach to seismic inversion using the ensemble
MIGRATION ENGINE Kalman filter (EnKF) is proposed. Seismic depth and time image
B.Gong, G.Chen, D.Yingst and R.Bloor (ION GX Technology). data are used as the input for EnKF stochastic seismic inversion.
78TH ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, The sonic log is used to estimate source wavelet and create initial
NV, 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper models for the inversion, which provides an efficient integration of
no.SI 2.3; Available at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 6 sonic log data and seismic data. We use both traveltime and
refs; Expanded abstract) waveform data for the inversion and obtain the absolute seismic
We present a 3D waveform inversion operating in the time velocity instead of the relative impedance. EnKF can continuously
domain and based on the modeling capability of our reverse time update the model using time-lapse data. A synthetic example is
migration (RTM). This system provides an accurate final velocity used to demonstrate the possible application to seismic monitoring.
model and imposes less strict requirements in terms of (Longer abstract available)
computation/communication costs, shot/receiver numbers, starting ................................................................
model, and human intervention. (Longer abstract available)
................................................................ NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,318
NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,315 VELOCITY ANALYSIS WITH MULTIPLES - NMO

MODELING FOR LAYERED VELOCITY STRUCTURES
FULL ELASTIC WAVEFORM INVERSION: FUTURE OF T.van Leeuwen and W.A.Mulder (Delft Univ Technol; Shell Int
QUANTITATIVE SEISMIC IMAGING Explor & Prod). 78TH ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL
S.Singh, T.Sears, M.Roberts, A.Gosselet, G.Royle and P.Baton MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL
(Globe Inst Physique; Cambridge Univ). 78TH ANNUAL SEG PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.SI 2.8; Available at
INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008) http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; Over 10 refs; Expanded
TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.SI 2.4; Available at abstract)
http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 9 refs; Expanded Several methods exist to invert for a velocity model from
abstract) seismic data. Most commonly used methods are defined in the
Conventional method of seismic data analyses provide high- image domain. However, some methods that are defined in the data
quality seismic image, but the image remains qualitative. Elastic domain also exist. In this paper we review and compare a few
full waveform inversion can provide quantitative measure of elastic methods on synthetic data, using the convolutional model and
parameters, which can be used to quantify the lithology, fluid and NMO traveltimes to model the data. Special attention will be given
gas content, and excess pressure. Both travel-time and amplitude to the behavior of the different methods in the presence of
information within shot domain data are used to invert for the multiples. In traditional MVA methods these usually pose a
subsurface velocity, from a starting model containing the long problem since multiples are not flattened or focused for the correct
wavelength features. Although full waveform inversion is velocity model. In the data domain, multiples do focus for the
computationally intense, the ability to invert for both P- and S- correct velocity model if they are correctly modeled. This is
wave velocity, in a data driven manner, makes the computational illustrated with a simple example. Another simple example
burden worthwhile. (Longer abstract available) illustrates how ideas from waveform inversion and data-domain
................................................................ velocity analysis can be combined to obtain the correct velocity
model and reflectivity from synthetic data with multiples. (Longer
NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,316 abstract available)
................................................................
COMBINING THE GRADUAL DEFORMATION METHOD
WITH SEISMIC FORWARD MODELING TO CONSTRAIN NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,319
RESERVOIR MODELS
A.Neau, P.Thore and B.de Voogd (Total France; Pau Univ). PRESTACK FULL WAVEFORM INVERSION FOR
78TH ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, ESTIMATING ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF MARINE
NV, 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper SEDIMENTS
no.SI 2.5; Available at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 4 M.Sen (Texas Univ, Austin). 154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY
refs; Expanded abstract) OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA,
In this paper, we propose a new methodology for seismic 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE
inversion at the reservoir grid scale. The inversion engine adapts ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, p.2982,
the gradual deformation method (GDM) to seismic inversion. GDM Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2pAO3; Abstract only)
is a geostatistical technique, previously used in the field of history [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
matching, that allows to continuously modify reservoir realizations ................................................................
while preserving spatial variability. The following steps describe
the workflow. (1) Combine the initial petroelastic properties in the
reservoir grid with an independent realization, according to the

GEOPHYSICS
OMAN 1,003,320 StatoilHydro). THE LEADING EDGE v.27, no.6,
pp.758-760,762-764,766,768-770, June 2008. (ISSN 1070-485X)
EIGHT YEARS OF PASSIVE SEISMIC MONITORING AT A Clay minerals are the most abundant materials in sedimentary
PETROLEUM FIELD IN OMAN: A CASE STUDY basins. The most common--like kaolinite, illite, chlorite, and
S.Sarkar, H.S.Kuleli, M.N.Toksoz, H.Zhang, O.Ibi, F.Al-Kindy smectite--are found in various amounts in mudstones and are also
and N.Al Touqi (Massachusetts Inst Technol; Petroleum often found in clastic and nonclastic reservoir rocks. Their presence
Development Oman). 78TH ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL alters the elastic behavior of reservoir rocks significantly as a
MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL function of mineral type, volume and distribution. Thus, two
PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.PSC 2.5; Available at sandstones with the same clay amount might have different elastic
http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 5 refs; Expanded properties due to differences within the clay population. The elastic
abstract) properties of clay minerals are therefore important in rock physics
We present a case history of passive seismic monitoring with modeling to understand the seismic and sonic log responses of
location and characterization of earthquakes induced by oil and gas shaley sequences and clay-bearing reservoir rocks.
production and water injection at a petroleum field in Oman. ................................................................
Locating induced seismic events with reasonable accuracy is key to
the success of reservoir monitoring using this technology. To this PETROPHYSICS 1,003,324
end we present methods suitable for oil/gas field conditions and test
and compare these with conventional methods using both synthetic EMERGING METHODOLOGIES TO CHARACTERIZE THE
and actual field data. We applied our methods to analyze and locate ROCK PHYSICS PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC-RICH
about 1500 seismic events, recorded by a near-surface seismic SHALES
network in the field over the past 8 years. We used a detailed T.Vanorio, T.Mukerji and G.Mavko (Stanford Rock Physics Lab).
velocity model of the reservoir derived from well-logs, in THE LEADING EDGE v.27, no.6, pp.780-782,784,786-787, June
conjunction with a location method developed in-house to locate 2008. (ISSN 1070-485X)
these events. Location of these events suggests a strong correlation The high price of conventional oil and the ensuing focus on the
of induced seismicity with compaction of reservoir due to gas security of hydrocarbon supplies is a clear signal for broader uses of
production, and reactivation of preexisting faults in the field. unconventional sources of oil and gas. Organic-rich shales
(Longer abstract available) represent an enormous potential unconventional resource; the U.S.
................................................................ Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates the world
supply of oil shale at 2.6 trillion barrels of recoverable oil. The U.S.
PACIFIC OCEAN 1,003,321 owns by far the largest amount (1-1.2 trillion barrels), mainly near
the common borders of Wyoming, Utah, and Colorado, where much
ROCK PHYSICS INTERPOLATION USED FOR VELOCITY of the resource occurs at a saturation of about 10% by weight in
MODELING OF CHALKS: ONTONG JAVA PLATEAU layers that are 30-300 m thick (National Petroleum Council, 2007).
EXAMPLE ................................................................
M.R.Saberi and T.A.Johansen (Bergen Univ). 78TH ANNUAL
SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008) PETROPHYSICS 1,003,325
TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.RP 2.8; Available at
http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; Over 10 refs; Expanded EFFECTIVE STRESS COEFFICIENT IN SHALES AND ITS
abstract) APPLICABILITY TO EATON’S EQUATION
Pore geometries of carbonates are more complex than that of R.Sarker and M.Batzle (Colorado Sch Mines). THE LEADING
siliciclastics. This complexity makes their velocity interpretation EDGE v.27, no.6, pp.798-800,802-804, June 2008. (ISSN 1070-485X)
and consequently their reservoir characterization more difficult Pore pressure within formations determines the mud weight
than for sandstones. In this paper, we try to reduce this complexity required to build a balancing fluid pressure downhole. An improper
by combing geological information and rock physics modeling. This understanding of the subsurface geology and the formation
strategy leads to a predictive model for pore aspect ratio changes pressures may result in fracturing the formation if the mud weight
within the whole area. Well and core data from Ontong Java is too high. In contrast, if mud weight is too low, then formation
plateau, which has been drilled by DSDP/ODP project are used to fluids can flow into the well, potentially leading to well blowouts if
examine this approach. The pore texture seems to follow a not controlled. Complex geological settings make pore-pressure
predictive pattern in chalks of Ontong Java plateau and it can be prediction difficult and often inaccurate due to uncertainty in
predicted and modeled by geology information. (Longer abstract pressure-generating mechanisms. Estimation of proper pore
available) pressures is necessary for designing stable holes and an optimized
................................................................ casing program. In exploration, knowledge of pore pressures can
assist in assessing seal effectiveness and in high-grading reservoir
PETROPHYSICS 1,003,322 sweet spots. It also provides useful calibration information for basin
modeling. Hence, it becomes very important to accurately predict
WHAT IS SHALE TO A PETROPHYSICIST? pore pressures.
K.Katahara (Devon Energy). THE LEADING EDGE v.27, no.6, ................................................................
pp.738-741, June 2008. (ISSN 1070-485X)
What is a shale? In a recent presentation to the Geophysical Q MEASURING 1,003,326
Society of Houston, Rune Holt attempted to answer the question by
listing three attributes of a shale. (1) Clay minerals should INTRINSIC P- AND S-WAVE ATTENUATION OF
constitute the load-bearing framework. (2) Shales have nanometer CARBONATE RESERVOIR ROCKS FROM SEISMIC, SONIC,
pore sizes and nanodarcy permeability. (3) Surface area is large, TO ULTRASONIC FREQUENCIES
and water is adsorbed on surfaces or bound inside clay platelets. G.Chen, D.Chu, J.Zhang, S.Xu, M.A.Payne, L.Adam and
This is a good definition of shales, but perhaps a typical W.L.Soroka (ExxonMobil Upstream Res Co; Colorado Sch Mines;
geophysicist may not know how to apply it in practice with typical Abu Dhabi Co Onshore Oper). 78TH ANNUAL SEG
data sets. In particular, a geophysicist often has no core data and is INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008)
limited to well logs. This article describes how petrophysicists TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.RP 2.5; Available at
traditionally distinguish sands from shales using typical well logs http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 5 refs; Expanded
in clastic sections. Only lean shales with minimal organic content abstract)
are considered here. New measurements of P- and S-wave velocity dispersion in
................................................................ carbonate reservoir rocks from seismic (< 100 Hz) to sonic (ca 10
kHz) and ultrasonic (ca 1 MHz) frequencies were analyzed to derive
PETROPHYSICS 1,003,323 the frequency-domain intrinsic attenuation spectrum. Three rock
samples were analyzed, all with porosity in the same range: one
ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF CLAY MINERALS sample had high permeability and two had low permeability. We
N.H.Mondol, J.Jahren, K.Bjorlykke and I.Brevik (Oslo Univ; used the standard linear solid model to describe the twin

GEOPHYSICS
relationship between velocity dispersion and attenuation. The 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.RP
analysis led to the following observations. (1) P-wave attenuation 2.3; Available at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 7 refs;
(1/Qp) and S-wave attenuation (1/Qs) are similar in each of the Expanded abstract)
frequency bands (seismic, sonic, ultrasonic): 1/Qp ca 1/Qs. (2) The In order to model the effect of oil/gas production or CO2
attenuation spectrum in each frequency band has an associated injection at the seismic scale, we have to understand the effects of
characteristic relaxation distance. (3) For a given carbonate pore structure, pressure and fluid changes on velocity at the
reservoir rock, attenuation in the ultrasonic frequency band can be laboratory scale. To reach this goal, we measured carbonate rocks
anomalously high (Q ca 1) but still be normal (Q ca 10-100) in the with a suite of miscible fluids, simulating the entire range of
seismic frequency band. (Longer abstract available) reservoir fluid moduli from light to heavy oils. In our experiments,
................................................................ compressional velocity (Vp) and shear wave velocity (Vs) are
simultaneously measured at a frequency of 1 MHz and under
REFLECTION COEFFICIENT 1,003,327 increasing effective stress from 3 MPa to 30 MPa. We observe large
variations in velocities between 3200 m/s and 6500 m/s and a large
A FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF REFLECTION
scatter in the P-wave velocity-porosity relationship. The P-wave
COEFFICIENT VARIABILITY DUE TO INTERFACE
velocity shows up to 2000 m/s difference at a given porosity. The
ROUGHNESS
velocity increases between 250 and 750 m/s as pressure increases
R.A.Yarbrough and M.J.Isakson (Texas Univ, Austin). 154TH
from 3 to 30 MPa. The bulk of the samples show increasing Vp/Vs
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans,
ratios with pressurization, up to values between 1.7 and 1.84. The
LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF
ratio of normalized bulk versus shear modulus ranges from 0.7 to
THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2,
0.9. Twenty-one oomoldic carbonate samples with nearly spherical
p.2974, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2aUWa6; Abstract
pores show a weak correlation between velocity and porosity under
only)
dry conditions. (Longer abstract available)
................................................................
................................................................
RESERVOIR MODEL 1,003,331
REFLECTION PROFILING 1,003,328
FACTORS AFFECTING THE SENSITIVITY OF THE
PERFORMANCE OF A CHIRP SONAR SUB-BOTTOM
ELASTIC PROPERTIES TO PRESSURE ON CARBONATE
PROFILER FOR DIFFERENT BOTTOM TYPES
ROCKS
A.Turgut (US Naval Research Lab). 154TH ACOUSTICAL
C.Scotellaro and G.Mavko (Stanford Univ). 78TH ANNUAL
SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA,
11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, p.2983,
http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; Over 10 refs; Expanded
Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2pAO8; Abstract only)
abstract)
The complex pore structure of carbonate rocks controls their
................................................................
velocity-pressure dependence, resulting in a wide range of pore
RESERVOIR MODEL 1,003,329 compressibility. This complexity calls for a proper prediction of
carbonate reservoir properties due to changes in the stress during
CARBONATE ROCK PHYSICS: GEOPHYSICAL AND drilling and production. A comprehensive laboratory study on 247
PETROPHYSICAL PORE TYPES OF CARBONATE ROCKS carbonate samples has been previously undertaken to understand
FROM AN OFFSHORE CARBONATE FIELD how mineral composition, pore type, and rock-fluid chemical
R.Sain, G.Chen, S.Xu, M.A.Payne and A.A.Sultan (Stanford interactions control seismic wave propagation. This study described
Univ; ExxonMobil Upstream Res Co; Zakum Development Co). the roles of pore type and mineral composition on the large scatter
78TH ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, observed around the main velocity-porosity trend, and the
NV, 11/9-14/2008) TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper suitability of Gassmann’s theory to quantify fluid effects on velocity
no.RP 2.2; Available at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 6 of carbonate rocks. During those studies a scatter in the pore
refs; Expanded abstract) stiffness versus porosity plot for the low porosity plugs was
Acoustic velocities from core samples and sonic logs from an observed. The goal of this study is to understand the main cause of
offshore carbonate oil field were analyzed to examine the validity of such a scatter and to start a systematic study of the control of the
an analytical carbonate rock physics model (Xu et al., 2007) that pore type on the sensitivity of elastic wave velocity to pressure
was developed by modifying the original Xu-White (1995) model. changes. (Longer abstract available)
The model assumes idealized ellipsoidal pores of different aspect ................................................................
ratios (short axis/long axis of the ellipsoidal cavity). It uses three
pore types to abstractly represent the acoustic and pressure RESERVOIR MODEL 1,003,332
response of carbonate reservoir rocks: crack-like pores with a low
WATER WEAKENING OF ELASTIC MODULI OF
aspect ratio, reference pores that serve as the background trend,
CARBONATES INTERPRETED BY USE OF ISO-FRAME
and stiff pores with a high aspect ratio. We examined the validity of
MODELING
the model by simultaneously fitting Vp and Vs data by adjusting
I.L.Fabricius, G.T.Baechle and G.P.Eberli (Denmark Tech Univ;
the volumetric fraction of the three pore types. The results showed
Miami Univ, Florida; Rosenstiel Sch Marine Sci). 78TH ANNUAL
that this simplified model could be used to fit the sonic data to
within 2% over large reservoir intervals that include different
carbonate rocks with porosity varying from below 10% to above
http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; 9 refs; Expanded
30%. The model describes the nonlinear variation of Vp/Vs ratio
abstract)
with porosity. Our favorable relation between inversion results and
Elastic moduli of water saturated sedimentary rocks have in
thin-section determined petrophysical pore systems may enable us
some cases been found to be lower than what would be expected
to use such inversions to predict petrophysical pore types and facies
from Gassmann-substitution of moduli for rocks in the dry state.
for carbonate reservoir rocks. (Longer abstract available)
Such water weakening of elastic moduli of carbonate sedimentary
................................................................
rocks may be discussed by effective medium modeling. In the
RESERVOIR MODEL 1,003,330 present case we use the iso-frame model, which is based on upper
Hashin-Shtrikman bounds for mixtures of a stiff carbonate frame
OOMOLDIC CARBONATES: PORE STRUCTURE AND and a suspension of carbonate particles in fluid. The proportion of
FLUID EFFECTS ON SONIC VELOCITY carbonate in the frame is given as the iso-frame value ranging from
G.T.Baechle, G.P.Eberli, A.Boyd, J.M.DeGrange and L.Al- zero to one. We model ultrasonic compressional wave and shear
Kharusi (ExxonMobil Upstream Res Co; Miami Univ, Florida; wave data for dry and water saturated samples from a range of
Schlumberger Doll Research; Occidental Petroleum Corp). 78TH geological settings. Our modeling indicates that water weakening is
ANNUAL SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, related to permeability. Samples with permeability up to 1 mD have

GEOPHYSICS
relatively high water weakening possibly as a consequence of fluid SEDIMENT PROPERTY 1,003,336
interaction with the relatively frequent crystal contacts in the low-
permeability samples. For samples with permeability above 100 IMPROVED PERTURBATIVE INVERSION SCHEMES FOR
mD, we find a stiffening of water saturated samples. (Longer OBTAINING BOTTOM GEOACOUSTIC PROPERTIES IN
abstract available) SHALLOW WATER
................................................................ M.S.Ballard and K.M.Becker (Pennsylvania State Univ).
154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New
RESERVOIR MONITORING 1,003,333 Orleans, LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122,
TOWARDS THE E-FIELD: CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF no.5, pt.2, p.2941, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.1aAO8;
PORE FLUID PHASE USING HORIZONTAL WELLS Abstract only)
B.J.Evans, B.Hartley and N.Keshavarz (Curtin Univ; Res Inst [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
Petrol Ind (Iran)). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW ................................................................
AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009)
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119681; Available on CD-ROM; 6 pp; 7 SEDIMENT PROPERTY 1,003,337
refs)
Recent research has shown that seismic methods can show ACOUSTIC TO SEISMIC SIGNATURES OF LAYERED
subtle changes in pore fluid phase which enhances the potential for NEAR-SURFACE SOIL
long-term monitoring where pore pressure is reducing, where W.Howard and C.J.Hickey (MIL-TEC; Mississippi Univ). 154TH
injected water or CO2 flood options have been chosen, and areas ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans,
where gas is being replaced by water. If we can join the use of slim- LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF
hole horizontal sensor cables with this recent demonstration of the THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2,
detection of phase changes, then we have the tools for the first p.3060, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.4aPA3; Abstract
applied e-field scenario. During 2007, laboratory tests injecting only)
different amounts of CO2 into pore water showed that by [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
monitoring the seismic transmission through a simulated rock, ................................................................
there was a change in seismic frequency response and transmission
SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING 1,003,338
amplitude. Physical modeling has shown that a horizontal slim-
hole well drilled to test the ability to put sensors in a horizontal SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING AND VISUALIZATION
well can then be used for remote reservoir surveillance. A seismic A.J.Krueger, H.J.Poelen and B.A.Barran, asrs. (Headwave Inc).
source which walks around at the surface produces data which is World 2009/039,422A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/19/2008 (Appl. 0,877,094),
then processed to produce an indication that this method can be pr. U.S. 9/21/2007 (Appl. 60/974,285) (G01V-0001/00). (62 pp)
used as a first step for determining pore fluid properties over an A method of processing seismic data includes storing in a single
area. This paper presents the results of the experiments on pore file structure a first type of data representing an inline location, a
fluid phase and discusses how the use of horizontal wells allows the second type of data representing a crossline location, and a third
ability to develop the e-field concept towards reality. (Copyright type of data representing at least one of a depth and time, said
2009 SPE) first, second and third type of data each being associated with a
................................................................ horizon of a poststack seismic trace at a location defined by said
inline location and said crossline location; and storing in said single
RUSSIA 1,003,334 file structure at least a fourth type of data representing an
A METHOD FOR STUDYING THE SPACE-VARIANT attribute associated with said horizon of said poststack seismic
ATTENUATION OF THE ENERGY OF SEISMIC WAVES IN trace at said location.
THE EARTH’S CRUST ................................................................
E.Yu.Goshko and S.M.Zerkal (Siberian Res Inst Geology;
SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING 1,003,339
Sobolev Inst Mathematics). DOKLADY EARTH SCIENCES v.419,
no.2, pp.347-351, Feb.-March 2008. (ISSN 1028-334X; 8 refs) COMPLEX ANALYSIS OF KINEMATICS FOR NON-
Ultradeep seismic investigations are currently carried out HYPERBOLIC MOVEOUT CORRECTIONS
using the common depth point (CDP) method over a network of A.Berkovitch, N.Scharff and I.Belfer, asrs. (Geomage 2003 Ltd).
reference profiles covering the entire territory of Russia. These World 2009/034,567A2, p. 3/19/2009, f. 8/21/2008 (Appl. 0,801,147),
investigations are characterized by a large volume of data pr. U.S. 9/11/2007 (Appl. 900,243) (G01V-0001/36). (35 pp)
(thousands of linear kilometers of seismic sections) with a recording A computer-implemented method for processing data includes
time exceeding 20 s. We suggest a method of obtaining quantitative receiving a collection of traces corresponding to signals received
estimates of the space-variant attenuation of wave energy in the over time at multiple locations due to reflection of seismic waves
Earth’s crust based on the study of the amplitude spectra of local from subsurface structures. A measure of correlation among the
wavetrains as one of the possible methods for solving the inverse traces as is computed a function of a set of wavefront parameters,
dynamic seismic problem of ultra-deep CDP data. The method was which determine respective moveout corrections to be applied in
realized in the original specialized StreamSDS software including aligning the traces. A matrix having at least three dimensions is
two main packages. According to our algorithm, the first package generated, wherein the elements of the matrix include the
searches individual wavetrains based on the maxima of the computed measure of the correlation. Using the matrix, values of
envelope curve of the seismic trace modulus. The second package of the wavefront parameters are identified automatically or
the StreamSDS software envisages calculation of the amplitude interactively along the time axis or along selected horizons to
spectrum for each element of the matrix of wavetrains and then maximize the measure of the correlation, and a seismic image of
organization of the cube of spectral amplitudes in space (t, x, f): the the subsurface structures is generated by aligning and integrating
temporal and horizontal coordinates of the seismic profile and the traces using the moveout corrections that are determined by
frequency. the identified values of the wavefront parameters.
................................................................ ................................................................
SEDIMENT PROPERTY 1,003,335 SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING 1,003,340
A DIRECT INVERSION SCHEME TO OBTAIN SEDIMENT SEMIAUTOMATED RELATIVE PICKING OF
SOUND SPEED AND DENSITY IN SHALLOW WATER MICROSEISMIC EVENTS
K.M.Becker (Pennsylvania State Univ). 154TH ACOUSTICAL D.Raymer, J.Rutledge and P.Jaques (Schlumberger Cambridge
SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA, Res; Los Alamos National Lab; Geoware Ltd). 78TH ANNUAL
11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE SEG INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008)
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, p.2941, TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.PSC 2.8; Available
Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.1aAO4; Abstract only) at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 4 pp; Expanded abstract)
................................................................
GEOPHYSICS
A high-precision semiautomated relative picking methodology T.G.Leighton (Southampton Univ). GEOPHYSICAL
is developed and applied to a dataset of microseismic events from RESEARCH LETTERS v.34, no.17, 9/16/2007. (ISSN 0094-8276;
hydraulic fracturing. Comparison with locations from manual Citation no.L17607; 4 pp; Over 10 refs)
high-precision picking is made and found to give similar results, While there is a considerable body of work in the literature on
but with significantly faster processing times. Applying relative the theory of acoustic propagation in marine sediments, the
picking techniques improves consistency of picking between events, incorporation of gas bubbles into such theories is done with the
therefore, improving the relative locations. This results in improved inclusion of assumptions which severely limit the applicability of
resolution of the layers and faults where the microseismic events those models to practical gas-laden marine sediments. This paper
are occurring, making subsequent interpretation easier. (Longer provides a theory which does not assume that the bubble dynamics
abstract available) are linear, steady-state and monochromatic. Such assumptions
................................................................ would be incompatible with many of the practical acoustic fields
with which sediments are insonified today. These fields are
SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING 1,003,341 necessarily high amplitude to provide adequate signal-to-noise
ratios, given the high attenuation in gassy marine sediments; and
METHODS OF HYDROCARBON DETECTION USING
often they utilise short pulses to obtain range resolution. This
WAVELET DOMINANT FREQUENCY AND A MEASURE OF
paper provides a theory appropriate for predicting the acoustically
ENERGY LOSS ON THE HIGH-FREQUENCY SIDE OF
driven non-stationary nonlinear dynamics of spherical gas bubbles
WAVELET DOMINANT FREQUENCY
embedded in a lossy elastic solid, and discusses how this could be
R.W.Wiley, S.W.Peters and P.H.Wilson, asrs. (Apex Spectral
incorporated into a nonlinear, time-dependent propagation model.
Technol Inc). World 2009/042,355A2, p. 4/2/2009, f. 9/2/2008 (Appl.
................................................................
0,874,996), pr. U.S. 9/24/2007 (Appl. 903,602) (G01V-0001/40;
G01V-0001/28). (24 pp) SEISMIC MODEL 1,003,345
A method in accordance with one embodiment of the invention
includes obtaining seismic trace data for a region of interest; TARGET ORIENTED FULL-WAVE EQUATION BASED
processing the seismic trace data to calculate at least one spectrum ILLUMINATION ANALYSIS
for at least one sample from the seismic data; calculating at least H.Yang, S.B.Xie, M.Luo and S.Jin (Calif Univ, Santa Cruz;
one dominant frequency (CQD) for the at least one spectrum; Screen Imaging Technol Inc). 78TH ANNUAL SEG
calculating at least one measure of energy loss at frequencies above INTERNATIONAL MEETING (Las Vegas, NV, 11/9-14/2008)
the at least one dominant frequency (QD) on the at least one TECHNICAL PROGRAM v.27, 2008. (Paper no.SPMI 2.1; Available
spectrum; and locating a hydrocarbon reservoir in the region of at http://www.seg.org as of 2/13/2009; 5 pp; Over 10 refs;
interest using the at least one dominant frequency (CQD) and the Expanded abstract)
at least one measure of energy loss. We propose a full-wave equation based illumination analysis
................................................................ method with target oriented capability. The full-wave finite-
difference propagator is used to extrapolate the source and receiver
SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING 1,003,342 side wavefields to the subsurface target area. A time-domain local-
slowness analysis method is used to decompose the wavefields into
4D+ PRESTACK SEISMIC DATA STRUCTURE, AND
local angle domain. The local illumination matrix can be
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING 4D+
constructed and different types of illumination measurements can
PRESTACK SEISMIC DATA
be derived. This illumination analysis method does not have angle
C.Peng and S.Vautier. U.S. 2009/0,037,114A1, p. 2/5/2009, f.
limitations. Thus this approach can handle structures with their
7/30/2007 (Appl. 829,982) (G01V-0001/28). (16 pp)
dipping angles beyond 90 degrees and is particularly useful to
Methods, apparatus and products for processing 4D+ prestack
provide illumination analysis for reverse-time migration. (Longer
seismic data having the form of 3D prestack gathers, single fold 3D
abstract available)
volumes, and a mapping table to link the gathers and the volumes
................................................................
coherently.
................................................................ SEISMIC MODEL 1,003,346
SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING 1,003,343 EFFICIENT MODELING OF RANGE-DEPENDENT SEISMO-
ACOUSTICS PROBLEMS
RECEIVER FUNCTION DECOMPOSITION OF OBC DATA:
M.D.Collins, W.Y.Jung, E.T.Kusel and W.L.Siegmann (US Naval
THEORY
Research Lab; Northeastern Univ; Rensselaer Polytech Inst).
P.Edme and S.C.Singh (Schlumberger Cambridge Res; Globe
154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New
Inst Physique). GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
Orleans, LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE
v.177, no.3, pp.966-977, June 2009. (ISSN 0956-540X; Over 10 refs)
This paper deals with theoretical aspects of wavefield
no.5, pt.2, p.2942, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.1aUW3;
decomposition of ocean bottom cable (OBC) data in the τ-p domain,
Abstract only)
considering a horizontally layered medium. We present both the
acoustic decomposition and elastic decomposition procedures in a
................................................................
simple and compatible way. Acoustic decomposition aims at
estimating the primary upgoing P wavefield just above the ocean- SEISMIC MODEL 1,003,347
bottom, whereas elastic decomposition aims at estimating the
primary upgoing P and S wavefields just below the ocean-bottom. EFFECT OF CRACK OPENING AND ORIENTATION ON
Specific issues due to the interference phenomena at the receiver DISPERSION AND ATTENUATION OF ANTIPLANE
level are considered. Our motivation is to introduce the two-step COHERENT WAVE
decomposition scheme called receiver function (RF) decomposition M.Caleap, C.Aristegui and Y.C.Angel (Bordeaux Univ; Claude
that aims at determining the primary upgoing P and S wavefields Bernard Lyon I Univ). GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(RFP and RFS, free of any water layer multiples). We show that INTERNATIONAL v.177, no.3, pp.1151-1165, June 2009. (ISSN
elastic decomposition is a necessary step (acting as pre- 0956-540X; Over 10 refs)
conditioning) before applying the multiple removal step by Propagation of antiplane coherent wave in solids containing
predictive deconvolution. We show the applicability of our randomly and uniformly distributed cracks is studied by calculating
algorithm on a synthetic data example. the associated effective wave number. Attention is focused on the
................................................................ influence of crack opening and orientation. Strip-like cracks or
empty elliptical cavities are either mutually parallel or randomly
SEISMIC MODEL 1,003,344 oriented, and their surfaces are stress-free. Different multiple-
scattering formulations for the effective wave number, in terms of
THEORY FOR ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION IN MARINE
the far-field displacement scattered by a single crack in the matrix,
SEDIMENT CONTAINING GAS BUBBLES WHICH MAY
are compared for various crack systems. They coincide at low crack
PULSATE IN A NON-STATIONARY NONLINEAR MANNER

GEOPHYSICS
density and show similar trends when the crack density increases. SEISMIC REFLECTION METHOD 1,003,351
Simple analytical estimates enable a direct evaluation of the crack
density from the speed and attenuation of the coherent wave. In the HIGH-RESOLUTION MARINE SEISMIC REFLECTION
low- and high-frequency ranges, the effective wave speed and PROFILING: SYSTEMS AND CAPABILITIES
attenuation appear to be mainly governed by the projection of P.E.Hart (US Geological Survey). 154TH ACOUSTICAL
cracks on the incident plane wave front. SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA,
................................................................ 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, p.2982,
SEISMIC MODEL 1,003,348 Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2pAO2; Abstract only)
BORN SERIES FORWARD MODELLING OF SEISMIC ................................................................
PRIMARY AND MULTIPLE REFLECTIONS: AN INVERSE
SCATTERING SHORTCUT SEISMIC REFLECTION METHOD 1,003,352
K.A.Innanen (Houston Univ). GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
INTERNATIONAL v.177, no.3, pp.1197-1204, June 2009. (ISSN SYNTHETIC APERTURE PROCESSING OF REFLECTION
0956-540X; Over 10 refs) PROFILING DATA
Forward modelling of any data event in a reflection seismic S.Schock (Florida Atlantic Univ). 154TH ACOUSTICAL
experiment with the Born series requires the calculation of a large SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA,
number of terms if the perturbation is large and spatially extended. 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE
Various partial series summations, the De Wolf approximation for ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, p.2983,
instance, can be devised to separately model primary reflections. Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2pAO4; Abstract only)
One such scheme has recently been used to derive direct inverse [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
techniques for reflection seismic data. In this paper, we extend this ................................................................
scheme to accommodate media with arbitrary 3-D heterogeneity,
SEISMIC WAVE PROPAGATION 1,003,353
and point out that once any partial summation for primary
reflections has been completed--however it is done--further arduous EXTENSION OF THE GRAIN-SHEARING THEORY OF
calculation for the similarly non-linear forward modelling of WAVE PROPAGATION IN MARINE SEDIMENTS TO
multiples can be avoided by using the de-multiple algorithms of INCLUDE PORE-FLUID VISCOSITY
inverse scattering. One by-product of these developments is a M.J.Buckingham (Scripps Inst Oceanogr). 154TH
forward modelling expression for direct transmitted wave data, ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans,
which may be of use for cross-well geophysical applications. LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF
Extension to absorptive media is straightforward. THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2,
................................................................ p.2974, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2aUWa5; Abstract
only)
SEISMIC MODEL 1,003,349 [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
ELASTIC WAVE MODELLING IN 3-D FRACTURED MEDIA: ................................................................
AN EXPLICIT APPROACH
SEISMIC WAVE SCATTERING 1,003,354
J.Zhang and H.Gao (Chinese Academy Sciences).
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL v.177, no.3, HIGH FREQUENCY SCATTERING FROM WATER-
pp.1233-1241, June 2009. (ISSN 0956-540X; Over 10 refs) SATURATED GRANULAR SEDIMENTS: SCALING EFFECTS
We present a numerical technique for modelling elastic-wave A.Ivakin and J.P.Sessarego (Washington Univ, Seattle; Centre
propagation in 3-D media with discrete distributions of 2-D Natl Rech Sci (Fr)). 154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF
fractures. The scheme treats the fractures as the non-welded AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007)
interfaces that satisfy the linear-slip displacement-discontinuity ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY
conditions, instead of using the equivalent medium theories. We OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, pp.2973-2974, Nov. 2007. (ISSN
develop the scheme following a so called 3-D grid method. The key 0001-4966; Paper no.2aUWa2; Abstract only)
to derive the scheme is to extend the integral forms of the elastic [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
momentum equations to include the linear-slip displacement- ................................................................
discontinuity (LS) model. The scheme is implemented under a
discretization of tetrahedral grid cells. Arbitrary 2-D non-planar SEISMIC WAVE SOURCE 1,003,355
fractures can be explicitly, accurately represented on the numerical
mesh. The scheme can flexibly accommodate arbitrary 2-D SEISMIC EXCITATION USING A HIGH POWER CO2 LASER
fractures with fracture behaviour from one extreme of being B.Libbey, J.Krissoff, J.Perea and G.Newsome (US Army).
perfectly welded to an extreme characterized by the stress-free 154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New
conditions. No stability problem arises. In comparison with the Orleans, LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE
seismic response calculation in the background medium in the JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122,
absence of the fractures, the additional computational cost and no.5, pt.2, pp.3060-3061, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper
memory requirements for incorporating many fractures are small. no.4aPA8; Abstract only)
We propose a parallel numerical implementation of the scheme that [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
needs smaller data exchanges between the subdomains. We also ................................................................
present the comparisons with an equivalent-medium based
modelling scheme in the numerical examples. SICILY 1,003,356
................................................................ EXTRAPOLATION OF GEOACOUSTIC PROPERTIES
USING SEISMIC REFLECTION DATA: A SHALLOW WATER
SEISMIC RECORDING 1,003,350
EXAMPLE
PASSIVE SEISMIC IMAGING C.W.Holland, A.Lowrie, J.Dettmer and S.E.Dosso (Pennsylvania
B.Artman (Stanford Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2007; State Univ; Victoria Univ, BC). 154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY
DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA,
v.68, no.2, p.848-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE
no.DA3253465; 162 pp; Abstract only) ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, p.2983,
[Abstract available from T.U.] Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2pAO7; Abstract only)
................................................................

GEOPHYSICS
SONAR 1,003,357 Academy Sciences; CNOOC Research Center; CNOOC China Ltd;
China Nat Oil Gas Corp). MARINE AND PETROLEUM
MOBILE PARAMETRIC SUB-BOTTOM PROFILER SYSTEM GEOLOGY v.26, no.6, pp.817-823, June 2009. (ISSN 0264-8172;
FOR SHALLOW AND MEDIUM DEPTH APPLICATIONS Over 10 refs)
J.Wunderlich (Innomar Technologie GmbH). 154TH Our analysis of approximately 40,000 km of multichannel 2-D
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, seismic data, reef oil-field seismic data, and data from several
LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF boreholes led to the identification of two areas of reef carbonate
THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, reservoirs in deepwater areas (water depth >= 500 m) of the
p.2983, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.2pAO6; Abstract Qiongdongnan Basin (QDNB), northern South China Sea. High-
only) resolution sequence stratigraphic analysis revealed that the
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] transgressive and highstand system tracts of the mid-Miocene
................................................................ Meishan Formation in the Beijiao and Ledong-Lingshui
Depressions developed reef carbonates. The seismic features of the
SOUTH AFRICA 1,003,358
reef carbonates in these two areas include chaotic bedding,
THE USE OF GRAVITY ANOMALY DATA FOR OFFSHORE intermittent internal reflections, chaotic or blank reflections,
CONTINENTAL MARGIN DEMARCATION mounded reflections, and apparent amplitude anomalies, similar to
R.Pawlowski (Chevron Energy Technol Co). THE LEADING the seismic characteristics of the LH11-1 reef reservoir in the
EDGE v.27, no.6, pp.722-724,726-727, June 2008. (ISSN 1070-485X) Dongsha Uplift and Island Reef of the Salawati Basin, Indonesia,
Analysis of gravity anomaly data can be an effective and which house large oil fields. The impedance values of reefs in the
economical means of demarcating the world’s offshore continental Beijiao and Ledong-Lingshui Depressions are 8000-9000 g/cc x m/s.
margins. An exploration definition (and the one adopted here) of Impedance sections reveal that the impedance of the LH11-1 reef
offshore continental margin, one sufficing perhaps 90-95% of the reservoir in the northern South China Sea is 8,000-10,000 g/cc x
time, is the offshore area or zone of modified (transitional) m/s, whereas that of pure limestone in BD23-1-1 is >10,000 g/cc x
continental-type crust, adjacent to more seaward oceanic-type m/s. The mid-Miocene paleogeography of the Beijiao Depression
crust. A key point in this definition is that the more seaward was dominated by offshore and neritic environments, with only part
oceanic-type crust has distinctly different physical and petrological of the southern Beijiao uplift emergent at that time. ... (c2008
characteristics (e.g., lithology, density, velocity, rugosity, thickness Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract available)
properties). Oceanic-type crust is further distinguished from the ................................................................
crust of continental margin areas as having a magmatic genesis
related solely to the midocean ridge, seafloor-spreading process. SUBSALT 1,003,361
Following exploration-industry practice, the boundary between SUBSALT IMAGING USING TTI REVERSE TIME
continental-type crust and basaltic/gabbroic oceanic-type crust may MIGRATION
be referred to by the technical descriptor, continental-oceanic T.Huang, Y.Zhang, H.Zhang and J.Young (CGG Veritas).
boundary (COB). In contrast to this geophysical/petrological OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston,
definition, legal definitions of the offshore continental margin--as TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
stipulated, for instance, by the United Nations Convention on the OTC-19877; Available on CD-ROM; 7 pp; 8 refs)
Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)--often rely on geomorphological The development of reverse time migration (RTM) and the
characteristics of the seafloor (e.g., location and extent of the availability of wide-azimuth data have significantly increased our
seafloor shelf, slope, rise, and abyssal plain) to delineate/define the ability to image subsalt. Much of this potential, however, remains
edge of the continental margin. to be developed by seismic imagers. One area for future
................................................................ development is the incorporation of anisotropy in subsalt imaging.
Most anisotropic imaging involves vertical transverse isotropy
SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN 1,003,359
(VTI), while tilted transverse isotropy (TTI) is generally overlooked.
A NEW SCHEME FOR THE OPENING OF THE SOUTH Shale that overlies the dipping salt flanks can cause TTI anisotropy
ATLANTIC OCEAN AND THE DISSECTION OF AN APTIAN issues. This type of geometry is common in the deepwater Gulf of
SALT BASIN Mexico, particularly around salt-withdrawal minibasins. Ignoring
T.H.Torsvik, S.Rousse, C.Labails and M.A.Smethurst (Norway the tilted symmetry not only causes image blurring and
Geological Survey). GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL mispositioning of the salt flank, but also degrades and distorts the
INTERNATIONAL v.177, no.3, pp.1315-1333, June 2009. (ISSN base of salt and subsalt images. RTM for isotropic and VTI has
0956-540X; Over 10 refs) been routinely used, but the applications of RTM in a 3D
We present a revised model for the opening of the South heterogeneous TTI medium is still in its infancy. This lag is the
Atlantic Ocean founded on a remapping of the continent-ocean result of difficulties in numerical formulations for non-vertical
boundaries and Aptian salt basins, the chronology of magmatic symmetric axes and the subsequent instabilities. The TTI
activity in and around the ocean basin and on the timing and implementation also carries much higher computational costs than
character of associated intraplate deformation in Africa and South those of isotropic and VTI cases. With the demonstration of its
America. The new plate tectonic model is internally consistent and benefits and the advances in computing power, the usage of TTI
consistent with globally balanced plate motion solutions. The model RTM is expected to increase significantly. Initial applications of TTI
includes realistic scenarios for intraplate deformation, pre-drift RTM used narrow-azimuth, towed-streamer data. (Copyright 2009
extension and seafloor spreading. Within the model, Aptian salt OTC)
basins preserved in the South American (Brazilian) and African ................................................................
(Angola, Congo, Gabon) continental shelves are reunited in their
original positions as parts of a single syn-rift basin in near SWITZERLAND 1,003,362
subtropical latitudes (10°S - 27°S). The basin was dissected at ANISOTROPY IN SHALE FROM MONT TERRI
around 112 Ma (Aptian-Albian boundary) when the model suggests H.R.Wenk, M.Voltolini, H.Kern, T.Popp and M.Mazurek (Calif
that seafloor spreading commenced north of the Walvis Ridge - Rio Univ, Berkeley; Kiel Univ; Inst Gebirgsmechanik GmbH; Bern
Grande Rise. Univ). THE LEADING EDGE v.27, no.6, pp.742-744,746-748, June
................................................................ 2008. (ISSN 1070-485X)
Anisotropy of shales is the subject of this report, and we use an
SOUTH CHINA SEA 1,003,360
example of the Jurassic Opalinus Clay from Mont Terri
SEISMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A REEF CARBONATE (Switzerland) that is being investigated in the context of
RESERVOIR AND IMPLICATIONS FOR HYDROCARBON radioactive waste disposal. The study is targeted at the
EXPLORATION IN DEEPWATER OF THE QIONGDONGNAN geomechanical characterization of shale by laboratory testing. The
BASIN, NORTHERN SOUTH CHINA SEA overall aim is to improve the constitutive material laws and their
S.Wu, S.Yuan, G.Zhang, Y.Ma, L.Mi and N.Xu (Chinese application in numerical models.
................................................................

GEOPHYSICS
UNDERWATER SOUND REFLECTN 1,003,363 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 4 refs; In Chinese)
NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE ON ................................................................
COHERENCE OF SIGNALS REFLECTED BY THE
SEAFLOOR BALANCED PRESSURE DRILLING 1,003,369
L.Guillon and C.W.Holland (Ecole Navale (France);
Pennsylvania State Univ). 154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF BOTTOMHOLE PRESSURE
AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) DURING BALANCED DRILLING
ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY Z.L.Ding, H.X.Liu, J.X.Song, Y.Liang and Y.X.Xiong (China
OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, p.2974, Nov. 2007. (ISSN National Petrol Corp; Southwest Petroleum Univ). NATURAL GAS
0001-4966; Paper no.2aUWa4; Abstract only) INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.9a,63-65,
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 6 refs; In Chinese)
................................................................ [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
................................................................
UNDERWATER SOUND SOURCE 1,003,364
BIT TEETH 1,003,370
MODELING SURFACE DUCT PRECURSORS FOR
LITTORAL ACOUSTIC DEMONSTRATION CENTER 2003 [R] METHOD, SYSTEM, AND APPARATUS OF CUTTING
(LADC03) SEISMIC CALIBRATION EXPERIMENT EARTHEN FORMATIONS AND THE LIKE
A.M.Tashmukhambetov, G.E.Ioup, J.W.Ioup and G.A.Tibbitts, asr. (Particle Drill Technol Inc). U.S.
N.A.Sidorovskaia (New Orleans Univ; Louisiana Univ, Lafayette). 2008/0,156,545A1, p. 7/3/2008, f. 5/27/2004 (Appl. 558,181), pr. U.S.
154TH ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New 5/27/2003 (Appl. 60/473,832) and World 5/27/2004 (Appl. 0,416,987)
Orleans, LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE (E21B-0010/36). (11 pp) SRPA# 862,455
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #862,455]
no.5, pt.2, p.2942, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.1aUW2; ................................................................
Abstract only)
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] BLOWOUT PREVENTER 1,003,371
................................................................ SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING ADDITIONAL
BLOWOUT PREVENTER CONTROL REDUNDANCY
UNDERWATER SOUND TRANSMISS 1,003,365
S.P.McGrath and B.K.Williams, asrs. (Transocean Offshore Inc).
MODELING UNDERWATER SOUND PROPAGATION FROM World 2009/039,349A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/19/2008 (Appl. 0,876,974),
AN AIRGUN ARRAY USING THE PARABOLIC EQUATION pr. U.S. 9/21/2007 (Appl. 60/974,339) (E21B-0033/06). (15 pp)
METHOD An apparatus is disclosed to allow backup or alternate fluid
A.MacGillivray (JASCO Research Ltd). 154TH ACOUSTICAL flow routes around malfunctioning BOP control components using a
SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA, remotely installed removable hydraulic hose connection. The
11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE backup fluid flow route sends pressure-regulated hydraulic fluid to
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, a BOP operation via an isolation valve rigidly attached to the BOP,
pp.2942-2943, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.1aUW5; then to a hose connected to an intervention panel on the BOP and
Abstract only) finally through a valve that isolates the primary flow route and
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] establishes a secondary flow route to allow continued operation. To
................................................................ increase reliability, the backup components route from a spare BOP
function and are rigidly fixed to the BOP.
WAVE ATTENUATION 1,003,366 ................................................................
SHEAR WAVES AND THE DISCREPANCY BETWEEN BLOWOUT PREVENTER 1,003,372
PERCEIVED AND IDEAL FREQUENCY POWER LAWS FOR
SEDIMENT ATTENUATION [R] PULL YOUR BOP [BLOWOUT-PREVENTER] STACK -
J.M.Collis, A.D.Pierce and W.M.Carey (Boston Univ). 154TH OR NOT? SYSTEMATIC METHOD TO MAKING THIS
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, MULTIMILLION DOLLAR DECISION
LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF D.Denney. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61,
THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2, no.6, pp.43-44, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; SPE-119762) SRLA#
p.2940, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.1aAO2; Abstract 1,000,692
only) [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #1,000,692]
[For information only - meeting paper abstract] ................................................................
................................................................
BUSINESS OPERATION 1,003,373
WESTERN CANADA BASIN 1,003,367
DRILLING OPERATIONS CENTERS: A HISTORY OF
A CASE STUDY: TIME-LAPSE SEISMIC MONITORING OF A FUNCTIONALITY AND ORGANIZATIONAL PURPOSE -
THIN HEAVY OIL RESERVOIR THE FIRST GENERATION
Y.Zhang (Alberta Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2006; DISSERTATION J.E.Booth (Booth Consulting). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY
ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B v.68, no.2, pp.852-B CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009.
- 853-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order no.DANR23136; 193 (SPE-123225; Available on CD-ROM; 7 pp; Over 10 refs)
pp; Abstract only) Real-time operations centers are becoming commonplace in
[Abstract available from T.U.] support of drilling and production activities. Their recent
................................................................ proliferation and acceptance have much to do with the increasing
role of information technology in society in general. However, the
concept is not new. In the early 1980s, several operators and service
DRILLING (WELL) companies explored the potential for central support of remote
drilling operations. Of the three significant operator strategies
discussed in detail, one is still in place; another, although relatively
short-lived, aspired to and tested a vision which is only now, 25
AIR DRILLING 1,003,368
years later, close to being realized. There are lessons to be learned
AIR AND NITROGEN DRILLING TECHNIQUES USED IN from the early strategies; however, the technology has evolved at an
PUGUANG GASFIELD exponential rate. The fluctuating business cycles and
Y.J.Liu, W.C.Ye and L.Z.Lu (Sinopec). NATURAL GAS organizational change challenges encountered by the pioneers are
INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.1a,1-3, similar to those faced by today’s practitioners. (Copyright 2009
SPE)
................................................................
DRILLING (WELL)
CIRCULATING PRESSURE 1,003,374 DRILLING DATA 1,003,379
[R] METHOD OF DYNAMICALLY CONTROLLING BOTTOM WITSML REAL-TIME INTER-OPERABILITY TESTING
HOLE CIRCULATING PRESSURE IN A WELLBORE J.G.Pickering, N.Whiteley, J.Rochford, K.Sheil and J.Lowe (BP;
R.A.Graham, A.Steiner and C.W.J.Hoyer, asrs. (Northland SAIC; PA Consulting). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE
Energy Corp). Can. 2,344,627A1, p. 10/18/2002, f. 4/18/2001 (Appl. (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123208;
2,344,627) (E21B-007/00). (52 pp) SRPA# 805,058 Available on CD-ROM; 10 pp; 7 refs)
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #805,058] BP has developed an internal recommended practice for the
................................................................ deployment of a standard data architecture for real-time drilling
and completions information. This architecture uses WITSML
DATA RETRIEVAL SYSTEM 1,003,375 (wellsite information transfer standard markup language)
communications as much as possible although data aggregation on
[R] DATA RETRIEVAL TAGS
the drilling rig can still employ WITS, OPC or even a proprietary
J.Masino, L.Gao, C.Golla and P.Rodney, asrs. (Halliburton
language. Most deployments in BP are built on the latest Version
Energy Service). Gr. Brit. 2,442,886A, p. 4/16/2008, f. 5/8/2006
1.3.1 of WITSML. Early deployments in Indonesia revealed some
(Appl. 0,723,799), pr. U.S. 5/6/2005 (Appl. 124,030) and World
inter-operability problems which had to be resolved quickly to
5/8/2006 (Appl. 0,617,642) (E21B-0047/12; G01V-0003/00;
eliminate operational delays. This experience highlighted the value
G06F-0011/26). (25 pp) SRPA# 921,276
of pre-deployment testing and subsequent deployments have all
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #921,276]
been staged in an independent test facility hosted for BP by SAIC
................................................................
in Aberdeen. The BP WITSML test laboratory has already staged
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE STCK 1,003,376 drilling and completions data systems for BP businesses in Gulf of
Mexico, UK North Sea and Oman prior to field deployments. In
TECHNIQUES USED TO REMOVE PRESSURE STICKING addition, the business units have also been keen for the laboratory
IN HORIZONTAL WELLS AND ITS ACTUAL APPLICATION to provide an operational support function post-deployment.
IN MOXI GASFIELD Testing has also been conducted in conjunction with main BP
K.Zhang, M.H.Li, Y.S.Wan, J.L.Li and B.Tan (West Sichuan equipment suppliers to demonstrate compliance for future
Drilling Co). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI installations. Various problems have been identified during testing
GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.8a,56-58, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 5 which will be described in the paper. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
refs; In Chinese) ................................................................
................................................................ DRILLING FLUID 1,003,380
DRILL STEM STABILIZATION 1,003,377 DRILLING, COMPLETION AND WORKOVER FLUIDS 2009
WORLD OIL v.230, no.6 (suppl), pp.F-61 - F-89, June 2009.
[R] BIT AND BHA VIBRATIONS OVERCOME (ISSN 0043-8790; 25 pp)
S.F.Sowers, F.E.Dupriest, J.R.Bailey and L.Wang (ExxonMobil World Oil’s annual listing of drilling, completion, and workover
Development Co; ExxonMobil Upstream Res Co). WORLD OIL fluids presents information on classifications, product names and
v.230, no.6, pp.29-30,32-33, June 2009. (ISSN 0043-8790; Over 10 functions, and source companies are presented. Nine distinct fluid
refs) SRLA# 999,554 systems are defined, of which the first are water-based: non-
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #999,554] dispersed, dispersed, calcium treated, polymer, low solids, and
................................................................ saltwater systems. Next are oil-based systems (invert emulsion
muds and oil-based muds) and synthetic-based systems (primarily
DRILLING DATA 1,003,378 esters, ethers, poly alpha olefins, and isomerized alpha olefins), and
the last comprises air, mist, foam, or gas as the circulating medium.
GETTING DATA TO DRILLING AND COMPLETIONS The functions of fluid additives are also explained: alkalinity/pH
TEAMS AND VICE VERSA control, bactericides, calcium reducers, corrosion inhibitors,
S.J.Sawaryn, A.Deady, N.Whiteley, C.Critchley, L.Brown and defoamers, emulsifiers, filtrate reducers, flocculants, foaming
N.Gibson (BP Exploration; Kongsberg Intellifield). SPE DIGITAL agents, lost circulation materials, lubricants, pipe-freeing agents,
ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) shale control inhibitors, surface active agents, temperature stability
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123174; Available on CD-ROM; 13 pp; agents, thinners/dispersants, viscosifiers, and weighting materials.
Over 10 refs) The tabulated survey information includes product trade names,
The paper describes some simple, but effective steps in material descriptions, recommendations for use, product functions,
providing drilling and completions data and visualisation in and availability.
support of enhanced collaboration while allowing for future growth. ................................................................
The solution is based on WITSML and is implemented in the
operator’s advanced collaborative environment (ACE) in Aberdeen. DRILLING OPTIMIZATION 1,003,381
The transmission of large amounts of data onshore from the rig is a
relatively easy task but ensuring that these data are accurate and [R] AUTOMATED MSE-BASED DRILLING APPARATUS
usable in both industry and proprietary tools is more of a challenge. AND METHODS
The services provided by the major service companies are still S.Boone, B.Ellis, B.Kuttel, C.Papouras and J.T.Scarborough,
geared towards providing data through their proprietary data asrs. (Nabors Global Holdings Ltd). U.S. 2008/0,156,531A1, p.
packages and tools and the support they provide has been honed to 7/3/2008, f. 12/7/2007 (Appl. 952,511), pr. U.S. 12/7/2006 (Appl.
match this business model. Since January 2008, seven rig teams 60/869,047) and U.S. 11/6/2007 (Appl. 60/985,869) (E21B-0044/02).
have adopted a new data viewer provided by an independent (41 pp) SRPA# 969,233
supplier. The shift has been user driven, prompted by a desire for [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #969,233]
consistency and the availability of dedicated on-site support. The ................................................................
use of proprietary tools and the greater sharing of data between the
drilling and completions and subsurface disciplines is also driving EARTH MODEL 1,003,382
the change, challenging set methods of data capture,
MECHANICAL EARTH MODEL (MEM): AN EFFECTIVE
communication and visualisation. The data displays in open areas
TOOL FOR BOREHOLE STABILITY ANALYSIS AND
have proved to be particularly popular and effective. (Copyright
MANAGED PRESSURE DRILLING (CASE STUDY)
2009 SPE)
M.Afsari, M.R.Ghafoori, M.Roostaeian, A.Haghshenas, A.Ataei
................................................................
and R.Masoudi (National Iranian Oil Co; PETRONAS). 16TH SPE
MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS
2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009.
(SPE-118780; Available on CD-ROM; 12 pp; 6 refs)

DRILLING (WELL)
As a borehole is drilled, hydraulic pressure of the drilling mud pp.7a-8a,52-55, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In Chinese)
must replace the support lost by removal of the original column of [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
rock. But mud pressure being uniform in all directions cannot ................................................................
exactly balance the earth stress. Consequently, rock surrounding
the borehole is distorted or strained and may fail if the LOST CIRCULATION 1,003,387
redistributed stresses exceed rock strength. The bottom line for the
MECHANISM STUDY ON PHYSICAL PLUGGING WHILE
drilling engineer striving to maintain stable hole is choosing the
DRILLING
right mud weight. The aim of this study is to build an MEM by
J.Y.Xiong, L.Xue, P.G.Zhou, Z.Cheng and F.Yang (Southwest
using available data for one of the Iranian oilfields to evaluate
Petroleum Univ; CACT). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY
wellbore stability and to choose optimum mud weight. MEM for
(TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.10a,69-72, 7/25/2007. (ISSN
this field can now be used to predict not only the safe mud weight
1000-0976; 5 refs; In Chinese)
window and possible drilling hazards, but can also be used for
studies like sand production and perforation stability and so on.
................................................................
Numerical modeling has been carried out using MEM data for
comparing analytical and numerical wellbore stability analysis to LOST CIRCULATION ADDITIVE 1,003,388
select optimum mud weight, to investigate the feasibility of
managed pressure drilling for problematic formations, and to PLASTIC PLUGGING OF LOST CIRCULATION USED IN
determine the most effective azimuth for drilling horizontal wells WEST SICHUAN BASIN
into the reservoir section. (Copyright 2009 SPE) Y.Xu, J.L.Li and L.X.Ye (West Sichuan Drilling Co). NATURAL
................................................................ GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7,
pp.9a-10a,66-68, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 3 refs; In Chinese)
EXTENDED REACH DRILLING 1,003,383 [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
................................................................
CATENARY PROFILE DESIGN METHOD STUDY
X.S.Liu (Dezhou Petr Drill Res Inst). NATURAL GAS MATERIAL HANDLING 1,003,389
INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.10a-11a,73-75,
7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In Chinese) [R] TRANSFER OF FINELY GROUND WEIGHT MATERIAL
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] W.Curtis, J.Lee, S.Young and W.Matlock, asrs. (M-I LLC).
................................................................ Europe. 1,918,227A2, p. 5/7/2008, f. 11/2/2007 (Appl. 07,119,891),
pr. U.S. 11/3/2006 (Appl. 864,206) and U.S. 10/31/2007 (Appl.
GAS DRILLING 1,003,384 932,426) (B65G-0053/12; C09K-0008/00; E21B-0021/06). (20 pp)
SRPA# 966,504
GAS DRILLING USED FOR EFFICIENT DEVELOPMENT
OF TIGHT SANDSTONE GAS RESERVOIRS
................................................................
G.Li, Y.F.Meng, H.M.Tang, H.S.Zhou and Y.J.Li (Southwest
Petroleum Univ; PetroChina). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY OFFSHORE DRILLING EQUIPMT 1,003,390
(TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.8a-9a,59-62, 7/25/2007.
(ISSN 1000-0976; Over 10 refs; In Chinese) [R] UNDERWATER SEAFLOOR DRILLING RIG
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] A.Sheshtawy. Europe. 1,914,379A1, p. 4/23/2008, f. 2/15/2007
................................................................ (Appl. 07,003,260), pr. U.S. 10/19/2006 (Appl. 583,562)
(E21B-0007/124; E21B-0015/02; E21B-0041/08). (22 pp) SRPA#
HORIZONTAL DRILLING 1,003,385 970,458
TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY OF RADICAL AND LEVEL
................................................................
DRILLING/WELL COMPLETION UNDER ULTRA-SHORT
RADIUS PIPE RACK 1,003,391
X.Cao, C.Zhang and C.Zhang, asrs. (Beijing Technol Dev Co
Ltd). U.S. 2009/0,000,824A1, p. 1/1/2009, f. 12/6/2007 (Appl. [R] HORIZONTAL PIPES HANDLING SYSTEM
988,000), pr. China 6/28/2007 (Appl. 2007-10,011,888) J.Belik, asr. (National Oilwell Varco LP). Europe. 1,916,379A1,
(E21B-0007/06; E21B-0007/08). (14 pp) p. 4/30/2008, f. 10/19/2007 (Appl. 07,118,892), pr. U.S. 10/25/2006
The invention relates to extracting petroleum, particularly to (Appl. 862,812) (E21B-0019/15). (18 pp) SRPA# 973,395
tools and technology of radical and level drilling/well completion [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #973,395]
under ultra-short radius. The tools of the invention are involved ................................................................
with a deflecting drill tool and level drill tool. The deflecting drill
tool consists of a deflecting rotary assembly, flexible drill pipe, POLYCRYSTALLINE DIAMND BIT 1,003,392
directional follow-up tube, tail tube for deflecting drill tool, and drill
pipe nipple joints. The level tool consists of a level rotary assembly, RESEARCH NEWS FROM THE LAB: DIAMONDS ARE
the flexible drill pipe, quick couplings, the directional follow-up FOREVER
tube, a tail tube for level drill tool, the drill pipe nipple joint, an G.Cope. NICKLE’S NEW TECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE v.14,
adjusting nipple joint, a recessed left hand thread bushing, and no.5, pp.15,17,19, June 2008. (ISSN 1480-2147)
convex left hand thread coupling and characterized in that a Research with polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bits has
triangle backing block is installed on outside of a casing of the allowed bit manufacturers to increase performance and versatility.
deflecting rotary assembly. Splines matched with each other are The article describes the Canadian experience in Western Canada
provided at the level rotary assembly and the flexible drill pipe. The with PDC bits. When first introduced, their design led to numerous
tail tube for level drill tool has a recessed left hand thread bushing drilling problems. Researchers set up a program to analyze the
and convex left hand thread coupling. The flexible drill pipe is strengths and weaknesses of PDC bits involving cutter geometry,
140˜150 mm long. The invention can be applied in fields of oil material composition and processing conditions. This work has
extraction, gas and running water. helped PDC bit manufacturers increase versatility. There are now
................................................................ hundreds of bits available that cover 90% of the drilling needs.
................................................................
HORIZONTAL DRILLING 1,003,386
POWER TONGS 1,003,393
CRITICAL DRILLING TECHNIQUES OF MULTILATERAL
HORIZONTAL WELLS USED TO DEVELOP COALBED [R] WRENCHING TONG
METHANE RESERVOIRS B.G.Pietras, asr. (Weatherford/Lamb Inc). Can. 2,389,449A1, p.
M.Y.Rao, L.W.Yang, S.A.Zhang and Y.W.Liang (China Univ 5/31/2001, f. 11/17/2000 (Appl. 2,389,449), pr. Gr. Brit. 11/26/1999
Petroleum; Orion Energy Int Inc; Shandong Coal Mine Bureau). (Appl. 9,927,825) and World 11/17/2000 (Appl. 0,004,383)
NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, (E21B-019/16). (33 pp) SRPA# 760,490
................................................................
DRILLING (WELL)
PULLEY 1,003,394 drilled as vertical producing wells with 7-in. 23# liner set above the
top of the target zone and extending to surface. To access more
UNIVERSAL SHEAVE WHEEL ADAPTER reserves from the field, the decision was made to sidetrack the wells
A.Rooks, U.Marfani and J.F.Minear, asrs. (Schlumberger to a new location and drill MRC wells to achieve maximum
Canada Ltd; Schlumberger Serv Petrol; Schlumberger Holdings productivity from those wells. The wells were planned to be three
Ltd; Schlumberger Technol BV; Prad Res & Develop Ltd). World lateral wells with a total of 12,000 ft of reservoir contact in each
2009/037,664A2, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/18/2008 (Appl. 0,853,804), pr. U.S. well. To maximize the long-term productivity of the wells, it was
9/18/2007 (Appl. 60/973,329) and U.S. 9/18/2008 (Appl. 212,829). (21 decided to run intelligent well systems that enable remote
pp) monitoring and control of each lateral throughout the life of the two
An assembly is provided that includes an oilwell rig; a sheave wells. The final success of these converted slim open hole smart
wheel adapter connected to the rig; a sheave wheel yoke connected MRC wells is supported by more than expected production gain.
to the adapter; and a sheave wheel connected to the yoke. In (Copyright 2009 SPE)
various embodiments of the invention, this assembly is configured ................................................................
to permit the wheel to rotate about three mutually perpendicular
planes of motion. STREAM ANALYZER 1,003,399
................................................................
DEVICE FOR QUANTIFYING THE CONTENT OF AT LEAST
RETRACTABLE BIT 1,003,395 ONE GASEOUS CONSTITUENT CONTAINED IN A
GASEOUS SAMPLE FROM A FLUID, RELATED ASSEMBLY
[R] APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR VIBRATING A DRILL AND PROCESS
BIT J.Breviere, D.Baer and M.Whiticar, asrs. (Geoservices
D.R.Hall and S.Dahlgren. U.S. 2008/0,156,536A1, p. 7/3/2008, f. Equipements). World 2009/037,517A2, p. 3/26/2009, f. 8/10/2007
1/3/2007 (Appl. 619,418) (E21B-0010/40; E21B-0007/24; (Appl. 0,702,318), pr. Europe. 8/11/2006 (06,291,305)
E21B-0010/62; E21B-0001/00). (15 pp) SRPA# 932,912 (G01N-0021/35; G01N-0030/02; G01N-0030/74). (26 pp)
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #932,912] This device comprises a means for forming a gaseous flow from
................................................................ the sample, and a means for separation by means of selective
retention each gaseous constituent. It comprises a means for
SHALE SHAKER 1,003,396
combustion of the gaseous flow in order to form a gaseous residue
[R] MAGNETIC COUPLING FOR SHAKER MOTION from each constituent, and a means for quantifying the content of
WITHOUT MOTORS each constituent to be analysed in the gaseous flow. The
A.W.Burkhard, asr. (M-I LLC). U.S. 2008/0,156,707A1, p. quantification means comprise an optical measurement cell which
7/3/2008, f. 12/20/2007 (Appl. 961,729), pr. U.S. 12/21/2006 (Appl. is connected to the combustion means, and a means for introducing
60/871,379) (B03D-0004/02). (12 pp) SRPA# 972,590 a laser incident optical signal into the cell. The quantification
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #972,590] means also comprise means for measuring a transmitted optical
................................................................ signal resulting from an interaction between the optical signal and
each gaseous residue in the cell, and means for calculating said
SHOCK ABSORBER 1,003,397 content on the basis of the transmitted optical signal.
................................................................
DOWNHOLE SHOCK ABSORBER FOR TORSIONAL AND
AXIAL LOADS SUBSURFACE HYDRAULIC MOTOR 1,003,400
W.C.Koger, asr. (Quantum Drilling Motor LLC). U.S.
2009/0,023,502A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 7/18/2007 (Appl. 779,737) [R] DOWN HOLE MOTORS AND METHODS FOR THEIR
(E21B-0017/20; E21B-0007/00). (10 pp) OPERATION
A shock-absorber subassembly for a subsurface drilling E.Sunde and P.O.Haughom, asrs. (Den Norske Stats Oljese AS).
assembly is disclosed. The shock-absorber subassembly comprises Can. 2,347,073A1, p. 5/4/2000, f. 10/25/1999 (Appl. 2,347,073), pr.
a mandrel, a body assembly, and at least one torsional spring Gr. Brit. 10/26/1998 (Appl. 9,823,411) and World 10/25/1999 (Appl.
assembly. The mandrel has a bore extending therethrough and has 9,903,511) (E21B-004/02). (28 pp) SRPA# 735,072
one end connectable to a portion of the subsurface drilling [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #735,072]
assembly. The body assembly has a bore extending therethrough ................................................................
and one end connectable to another portion of the subsurface
drilling assembly. The body assembly is coupled to the mandrel to TAHITI FIELD 1,003,401
establish fluid communication between the bore of the mandrel and TAHITI SUBSURFACE - DRILLING AND COMPLETION
the bore of the body assembly and to permit planar rotational TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS
movement of the mandrel relative to the body assembly. The at L.F.Rivas, J.F.Sanclemente and K.Ricketts (Chevron).
least one torsional spring assembly engages the mandrel and the OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston,
body assembly to absorb torsional shocks and vibrations between TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
the mandrel and the body assembly and to limit the degree of OTC-19861; Available on CD-ROM; 15 pp; 3 refs)
planar rotation between the mandrel and the body assembly. In a Few wells in the world have been completed at the depths and
second embodiment, the body assembly is coupled to the mandrel to pressures required for the Tahiti Field. This combination of depth
permit axial movement as well as planar rotational movement. and pressure has stretched existing drilling and completion
................................................................ technologies to the limit. Efficiently drilling and completing the
Tahiti wells required extensive engineering to design, select
SLIM HOLE DRILLING 1,003,398
materials, and fabricate and test the highly specialized equipment
CASE-HISTORY - WORLD’S FIRST SLIM OPEN HOLE needed to accomplish this daunting task. Along the way numerous
SMART MRC WELLS experts have been employed to identify the technology and
K.M.Al-Amri (Saudi Aramco). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL equipment upgrades required for successful implementation in the
& GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, field. This paper will discuss the technology development from
3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-117050; Available on identification through implementation. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
CD-ROM; 6 pp; 3 refs) ................................................................
Smart maximum reservoir contact (MRC) wells have been
successfully utilized extensively across Saudi Aramco to increase TOOL JOINT 1,003,402
reservoir contact, well productivity and total oil recovery. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES FOR CRITICAL DRILLING
Converting an existing well to an MRC well poses a new challenge. APPLICATIONS
This paper presents a case history of two old, existing dead wells in M.J.Jellison and H.F.Spoerker (NOV Grant Prideco; OMV E&P).
Saudi Aramco that were successfully converted into the first slim 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND
open hole MRC wells in the world. The two wells were originally CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009)

DRILLING (WELL)
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-118737; Available on CD-ROM; 12 pp; the valve seat and an opened position permitting fluid flow across
4 refs) the valve seat. A pair of springs are each carried on opposing sides
This paper reviews recent technology advancements and of the magnetic element such that one of the springs is compressed
addresses practical considerations associated with drill pipe and by and applies an axial force to the shaft under the movement of
drill stem components for extreme drilling applications. Ultra-high the shaft from a neutral position. A compound magnet is carried by
torque double-shoulder rotary connections are often employed in the manifold about the magnetic element for applying an axial force
these applications, potentially complicating proper design and to the magnetic element that together with the axial force of the
material selection for cross-overs, top-drive subs, pup joints and compressed spring(s) and fluid pressure within the manifold control
other accessories. These new connections often employ materials movement of the shaft and the valve closure element. Particular
with higher strength requirements than the standard API applications with which the manifold may be employed include the
connections they replace. The paper outlines recommendations for selective energization of peripheral actuators of the type used in
material strength and design parameters for various drill stem push-the-bit type rotary steerable drilling systems.
accessories. High-performance connectors’ impact on bottomhole ................................................................
assembly design is also addressed. Weight tapered drill string
designs with double-shoulder connections can result in mismatched WEIGHTING MATERIAL 1,003,405
connection bores. Guidelines to accommodate this mismatch, along
[R] METHODS TO ENHANCE THE PNEUMATIC
with supporting finite element modeling results, are presented.
HANDLING CHARACTERISTICS OF WEIGHTING AGENTS
Hardband system trends for critical applications are highlighted.
W.Matlock, J.Massam and A.Burn, asrs. (M-I LLC). Europe.
The surge in critical drilling has led to an increasing trend of drill
1,918,348A1, p. 5/7/2008, f. 11/2/2007 (Appl. 07,119,895), pr. U.S.
stem friction heating failures. The paper includes characteristic
11/3/2006 (Appl. 864,243) and U.S. 11/1/2007 (Appl. 933,531)
features of these failures along with case histories and prevention
(C09K-0008/03; B65G-0053/00; C01F-0011/46). (19 pp) SRPA#
methods. High-speed telemetry (wired) drill pipe has been
966,521
successfully deployed on critical drilling applications in various
parts of the world. The paper provides an update on this exciting
................................................................
technology and reviews recent case histories. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
................................................................
TRAINING PROGRAM 1,003,403 WELL LOGGING & SURVEYING

EXERCISES IN DISTRIBUTED TACTICAL DECISION-
MAKING IN ADVANCED COLLABORATIVE CUTTINGS ANALYSIS 1,003,406
ENVIRONMENTS
P.S.Bayerl, K.Lauche, M.Crichton, S.Sawaryn and A.Deady NON-POLARIZED CONTACTS FOR RESISTIVITY
(Delft Univ Technol; People Factor Consult Ltd; BP). SPE MEASUREMENTS IN DRILL CUTTINGS SAMPLES FOR
DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) SURFACE LOGGING WHILE DRILLING
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123101; Available on CD-ROM; 10 pp; K.Zamfes. U.S. 2009/0,021,262A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 6/23/2008
Over 10 refs) (Appl. 144,024), pr. U.S. 6/22/2007 (Appl. 60/929,348)
Collaborative environments (CE) form an increasingly (G01V-0003/20). (5 pp)
important element in supporting all stages of drilling operations An apparatus and probe are provided for non-polarized contacts
from planning to execution, offering a sophisticated mix of real-time for resistivity measurements in drill cuttings. At least two probes
data access, advanced communication methods, and visualization are described as having a highly conductive shell from non-
technologies. To progress team use of CEs in business critical corrosive metal in form of pipe and a wood and/or other fine
situations, a two-hour scenario-based exercise was developed and channeled thread (grained) water filled that will be conductive
implemented to help prepare members of drilling teams for when it is wet.
distributed, tactical decision-making in CEs. The aim was three- ................................................................
fold: to increase familiarity with CE capabilities, to improve non-
technical skills for distributed working, and to improve the FOCUSED CURRENT LOGGING 1,003,407
facilities design and use. The exercise was designed around three
ADAPTIVE BOREHOLE CORRECTIONS ACCOUNTING
principles--functional and status diversity, geographical
FOR ECCENTRICITY FOR ARRAY LATEROLOGS
distribution, and technological realism--to reflect the complexity of
M.B.Rabinovich and B.H.Corley, asrs. (Baker Hughes Inc).
real-life situations. The outcome was measured using
World 2009/039,468A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/21/2008 (Appl. 0,877,147),
questionnaires relating to quality of the decision-making process,
pr. U.S. 9/20/2007 (Appl. 60/994,803) and U.S. 9/19/2008 (Appl.
quality of information sharing, and familiarity and confidence with
234,106). (26 pp)
the CE, using three measurements over an eight-week period.
Disclosed is an adaptive borehole correction (ABC) technique
Results from sessions conducted with six drilling teams indicate
based on an inversion approach that advantageously corrects
that the exercise was perceived as helpful in introducing
shallow laterolog measurements for borehole effects, including
technological CE capabilities and improving distributed decision-
determining and accounting for unknown tool eccentricity. The
making. The long-term benefit of the exercise was seen to be
algorithm is based on simplex radial 1-D inversion where at every
impacted by the consistency of subsequent use of technologies and
logging up to four unknowns are determined, namely tool
environment. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
eccentricity, Rt, Rxo, and Lxo. After that a borehole correction
................................................................
methodology is employed wherein the tool response in a borehole
VALVE ACTUATOR 1,003,404 with real mud resistivity Rm is modified to a response in the
borehole with virtual mud resistivity equal to Rxo.
DOWNHOLE LINEAR ACTUATION APPARATUS AND ................................................................
METHOD
E.Richards, asr. (Schlumberger Technol Corp). U.S. GAS ENTRY PROFILING 1,003,408
2009/0,020,293A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 6/17/2008 (Appl. 140,358), pr. Gr.
MEASUREMENT OF REFERENCE VELOCITY VECTOR
Brit. 6/26/2007 (Appl. 0,712,341) (E21B-0023/00; E21B-0034/00;
FOR FOUR-SENSOR CONDUCTANCE PROBES USING
F16K-0031/06). (11 pp)
ORTHOGONAL, HIGH SPEED CAMERAS
A linear actuation apparatus for controlling fluid flow in a
S.Pradhan, G.Lucas and X.Zhao (Huddersfield Univ). 6TH BHR
wellbore comprises a tubular manifold for conducting fluid when
GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN
disposed in the wellbore, and a shaft supported for reciprocal axial
CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS
movement within the manifold. A valve seat is supported within
pp.89-101, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM;
the manifold in substantial alignment with the shaft, and a valve
7 refs)
closure element is carried by the shaft for reciprocal axial
This paper describes the use of a novel technique for measuring
movement between a closed position preventing fluid flow across

WELL LOGGING & SURVEYING
the velocity vectors of dispersed gas bubbles in time invariant gas- NUCLEAR MAGNETIC LOGGING 1,003,413
liquid flow using a local 4-sensor probe. A parallel investigation was
carried out using orthogonal high speed cameras. The work was APPLICATION OF NUCLEAR RESONANCE LOGGING
performed in relation to the validation of dual-plane ERT (electrical TECHNIQUE TO RESERVOIR EVALUATION
resistance tomography) systems, a new generation of instruments Y.G.Zhao and F.Wu (China Univ Geosci, Wuhan; Sinopec).
for the online measurement of multiphase flows. Previous NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7,
validation work was based on the use of local, dual-sensor pp.6a,42-44, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In Chinese)
conductance probes to obtain the local axial velocity and volume [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
fraction of the bubbles in multiphase flows. The purpose of the ................................................................
research presented in this paper was to investigate the accuracy
RESISTIVITY LOGGING 1,003,414
with which a 4-sensor probe can measure bubble velocity vectors by
comparing its measurements with results from two orthogonal high [R] HIGH RESOLUTION RESISTIVITY EARTH IMAGER
speed cameras. G.B.Itskovich, A.N.Bespalov and R.Gold, asrs. (Baker Hughes
................................................................ Inc). U.S. 7,394,258B2, c. 7/1/2008, f. 8/15/2005 (Appl. 203,829)
(G01V-0003/00; G01V-0003/02). (9 pp) SRPA# 925,692
INFLATABLE PACKER 1,003,409 [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #925,692]
[R] INFLATABLE PACKER ASSEMBLY ................................................................
W.E.Brennan III, C.Longfield, A.Arzoumanidis and
SCINTILLATION COUNTER 1,003,415
A.Caccialupi, asrs. (Schlumberger Technol Corp). U.S.
7,392,851B2, c. 7/1/2008, f. 11/4/2004 (Appl. 981,204) FIBER OPTIC ENHANCED SCINTILLATOR DETECTOR
(E21B-0033/127). (22 pp) SRPA# 904,941 K.A.Pandelisev. U.S. 2009/0,020,705A1, p. 1/22/2009, f.
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #904,941] 7/21/2008 (Appl. 177,136), pr. U.S. 2/26/2001 (Appl. 60/270,904) and
................................................................ U.S. 6/15/2001 (Appl. 881,104) (G01T-0001/20). (17 pp)
The new scintillators are connected at one or more points or on
MICROELECTRONICS 1,003,410 one or more sides or faces, or on any or all sides to conductors
[R] APPARATUS FOR DOWNHOLE FLUIDS ANALYSIS which are collimators, lenses or fiber ends. Optical fibers in cables
UTILIZING MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEM conduct the photons generated by the crystal scintillators to
(MEMs) OR OTHER SENSORS photon-actuated devices. The devices may be mounted near the
A.Chikenji, V.Nouaze, T.Yamate, T.Terabayshi and T.Sugimoto, crystal scintillators or remote from the crystal scintillators, for
asrs. (Schlumberger Technol Corp). U.S. 7,392,697B2, c. 7/1/2008, example on surfaces near drilled wells or exploration holes. The
f. 9/19/2005 (Appl. 230,793) (E21B-0047/06). (12 pp) SRPA# 930,022 crystals or scintillators have any of several cross-sections. Down
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #930,022] hole detectors or detectors used in other adverse conditions are
................................................................ ruggedized, with rugged flexible outer cases which are transparent
to the looked-for energy, particles or rays, gamma rays for example.
MUD PULSE TELEMETRY 1,003,411 Inner scintillator construction of multiple aligned or angularly
related scintillators connected to optical fiber ends allow bending,
HOW HIGH-SPEED TELEMETRY AFFECTS THE DRILLING twisting and flexing without damaging scintillator arrays,
PROCESS individual scintillators, lenses or fiber optic connections. Optical
I.Wassermann and A.Kaniappan (Baker Hughes). JOURNAL fibers are connected to optical couplers on gamma camera plate
OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61, no.6, pp.26,28-29, June scintillators to transmit patterns of photons through optical fiber
2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; 3 refs) cables to remote reading, storing or detecting sites. Illumination of
With high-speed telemetry systems becoming economically remote sites is provided by fibers that parallel the photon
viable in an increasing number of drilling applications, our industry conducting fibers.
is in a situation similar to that seen at the introduction of digital ................................................................
subscriber line (DSL). Following the parallel of Internet access via
DSL vs. modem, the relevant questions are how has high-speed SONIC LOGGING 1,003,416
telemetry changed the drilling process, and what further changes
will we see in the near future? This article first intends to explain ACOUSTIC TRANSMITTER COMPRISING A PLURALITY
why oilfield service companies continually strive for higher OF PIEZOELECTRIC PLATES
telemetry data rates. It then identifies and exemplifies fields of M.W.Mickael and D.A.Jones, asrs. (Precision Energy Svcs Inc).
application for both available technologies--high-speed mud-pulse U.S. 2009/0,022,011A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 7/20/2007 (Appl. 780,957)
telemetry and wired drillstring telemetry--with two case histories. (G01V-0001/40). (10 pp)
The conclusion provides an outlook on possible future opportunities An acoustic transmitter with preferably a plurality of
and technological developments. piezoelectric plates configured to optimized acoustic pressure
................................................................ output within a desired frequency range while meeting physical
restrictions of LWD and MWD logging systems. The transmitter is
NUCLEAR LOGGING 1,003,412 disposed in a recess in the perimeter of a logging tool housing to
reduce acoustic pressure waves transmitted directly along the tool
AMBIENT-ACTIVATED SWITCH FOR DOWNHOLE housing and to optimize acoustic energy transmission into the
OPERATIONS borehole environs. In order to increase acoustic pressure output at
D.F.Dorffer and D.L.Crawford, asrs. (Halliburton Energy a desired logging frequency range, the plurality of piezoelectric
Service). World 2009/038,554A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/18/2007 (Appl. plates are connected electrically in parallel and fired
0,720,225) (E21B-0047/00). (31 pp) simultaneously. The polarity of the plates and the wiring
In some embodiments, an apparatus includes a radiation source arrangement are such that each plate expands or contracts in a
to output radiation after power is supplied. The apparatus also common direction during simultaneous firing by an applied voltage.
includes a power source to supply power. The apparatus includes an The desired output frequency is obtained by selectively polarizing
ambient-activated switch electrically coupled between the radiation and dimensioning the plates within the plate assembly. The plate
source and the power source. The ambient-activated switch is to assembly is preferably disposed within an oil filled pressure
switch to an open position while a value for an ambient housing that is pressure and temperature compensated.
characteristic for the ambient-activated switch is at an ambient ................................................................
level for a surface of the Earth. The ambient-activated switch is to
switch to a closed position while the value for the ambient SONIC LOGGING 1,003,417
characteristic for the ambient-activated switch is at a downhole
ambient level, wherein the ambient-activated switch is to ANALYSIS OF NONCIRCULAR FLUID-FILLED
electrically couple the power source to the radiation source while in BOREHOLES IN ELASTIC FORMATIONS USING A
the closed position. PERTURBATION MODEL
................................................................

WELL LOGGING & SURVEYING
E.Simsek and B.K.Sinha (Schlumberger Doll Research). THE WELL LOGGING EQUIPMENT 1,003,421
no.1, pp.213-217, July 2008. (ISSN 0001-4966; Over 10 refs) [R] MODULAR DOWNHOLE TOOL SYSTEM
Borehole cross section affects the propagation of guided modes, R.Martinez and J.W.Smits, asrs. (Schlumberger Technol Corp).
such as the lowest-order axisymmetric Stoneley, flexural, and U.S. 7,394,257B2, c. 7/1/2008, f. 3/30/2005 (Appl. 907,368)
quadrupole modes. Breakouts, which are commonly encountered (G01V-0003/18). (8 pp) SRPA# 927,205
during underbalance drilling in the presence of large tectonic [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #927,205]
stresses, can cause complex perturbations to the borehole cross ................................................................
section. A perturbation model is presented to obtain flexural mode
dispersions of noncircular fluid-filled boreholes in homogeneous
elastic formations. The perturbation model is based on Hamilton’s WELL COMPL SERV & WORKOVER
principle with a modified procedure for the reference state selection
in order to handle the directional sensitivity of the flexural modes.
The accuracy of the perturbation model has been confirmed by ACID CLEANING (WELL) 1,003,422
comparison to boundary integral solutions. Numerical results
confirm that for a fast formation, even modes, and for a slow CASE HISTORY: SUCCESSFUL APPLICATION OF
formation, odd modes are more sensitive to changes in the borehole COMBINED ROTARY-JETTING AND MLT TO STIMULATE
elongation and azimuth. Even though the focus of this work is on DUAL-LATERAL PRODUCER IN GHAWAR FIELD
elliptical boreholes and breakouts, the formulation is valid for any M.H.Al-Buali, I.H.Al-Arnaout, A.M.Al-Shehri, S.Haldar and
kind of noncircular borehole. S.M.Al-Driweesh (Saudi Aramco). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL
................................................................ & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain,
3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119675; Available on
WATER SATURATION 1,003,418 CD-ROM; 8 pp; 9 refs)
This paper will describe a unique utilization of a combined high
DEVELOPMENT OF WATER SATURATION SENSITIVITY energy rotary-jetting tool with a multilateral tool (MLT) to access
CHARTS FOR DIFFERENT SHALY SAND MODELS FOR and treat a dual-lateral oil producer in the southern part of Ghawar
UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION OF VOLUMETRIC IN- field. The main purpose of utilizing this combined tool was to acid
PLACE ESTIMATE wash the Arab-D horizontal section of both laterals with nitrified
S.S.El-Sayed (Cairo Univ). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & hydrochloric acid using coiled tubing (CT). The objectives of the
GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, treatment were to increase flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP),
3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119690; Available on remove formation damage and return the well to production. The
CD-ROM; 10 pp; Over 10 refs) rotary-jetting tool is a high energy jetting tool that maximizes
In this work, a methodology is presented to assess the performance of treatment fluids while minimizing the need for
uncertainty in the hydrocarbon saturation estimated from open large acid volumes. It can be run with the MLT to enable accessing
hole logs using the commonly used empirical and theoretical shaly and stimulating both laterals in a single trip. The implementation
sand models. This technique is based on development of water of the combined tool resulted in accessing and stimulating both
saturation sensitivity charts for the most commonly used water laterals successfully. The well was returned to production at a rate
saturation models (Simandoux, Indonesian, Waxman and Smits, of 11,000 barrels of oil per day (BOPD). The volume of acid was
Dual Water, and Effective Medium) due to the uncertainty in the reduced due to utilizing the rotary-jetting tool, which maximized
different input parameters to each model separately. Both fluid treatment performance. This paper will cover the whole cycle
analytical and numerical error analysis techniques were used to of candidate selection, job design, execution, post job evaluation and
develop these charts and, hence, used as a forward tool to quantify conclusion. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
the uncertainty in the hydrocarbon saturation due to the ................................................................
uncertainty in the core and shale properties. Fifteen wells with
1300 shaly sand points from Alam Bewab formation, in the western ACID FRACTURING 1,003,423
desert of Egypt, were used as the data base in generating these
sensitivity charts. General water saturation sensitivity charts were LARGE-SCALE ACID FRACTURING TECHNIQUES IN
developed for each model based on the above mentioned database PUGUANG GASFIELD
and validated mathematically. These charts can be easily used to L.Q.Zhao, N.Y.Li, W.J.Li, P.L.Liu and Q.Zhang (Southwest
predict the uncertainty in hydrocarbon saturation estimate due to Petroleum Univ; Sinopec). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY
uncertainty in the input data. It can be used as a screening tool to (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.1a,4-7, 7/25/2007. (ISSN
select the best saturation model based on the input data 1000-0976; 6 refs; In Chinese)
uncertainty. (Copyright 2009 SPE) [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
................................................................ ................................................................
WELL LOG INTERPRETATION 1,003,419 ACID INHIBITOR 1,003,424
USING LOGGING DATA TO EVALUATE LOW POROSITY DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL ACIDIZING INHIBITORS FOR
AND LOW PERMEABILITY RESERVOIR AND ITS CARBON STEEL CORROSION IN 15% BOILING
GEOLOGIC AND ENGINEERING APPLICATION HYDROCHLORIC ACID
H.Y.Wu (Tianjin Univ). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY A.R.Sathiya Priya, V.S.Muralidharan and A.Subramania
(TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.5a-6a,39-41, 7/25/2007. (Alagappa Univ; Central Electrochem Inst). CORROSION v.64,
(ISSN 1000-0976; 7 refs; In Chinese) no.6, pp.541-552, June 2008. (ISSN 0010-9312; Over 10 refs)
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] The inhibitive action of 1-cinnamylidine-3-thiocarbohydrazide
................................................................ (CTCH) and 1,1’-dicinnamylidine-3-thiocarbohydrazide (DCTCH)
against the corrosion of carbon steel in 15% hydrochloric acid (HCl)
WELL LOG INTERPRETATION 1,003,420 was investigated using nonelectrochemical and electrochemical
techniques. Potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that the
LOGGING EVALUATION FOR CAVE- AND PORE-TYPE compounds were mixed-type inhibitors and exhibited more than
LIMESTONE RESERVOIRS IN TAHE OILFIELD 97% inhibition efficiency at 1,500 ppm of inhibitor concentration.
Z.J.Fan, J.H.Liu and Y.Ma (Sinopec). NATURAL GAS The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel
INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.7a,45-48, in 15% HCl with 1,500 ppm of inhibitors was studied in the
7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; Over 10 refs; In Chinese) temperature range from 30°C to 110°C. The surface coverage (θ)
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] increased linearly with the logarithm of the inhibitor concentration
................................................................ fitting a Temkin adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters,
including the free energy of adsorption, activation energy, enthalpy,
entropy, and heat of adsorption, were also calculated. The inhibitors

WELL COMPL SERV & WORKOVER
reduced the hydrogen permeation current effectively through the sealing the pipes in directional holes. Special agents were used
steel surface. The protective film formed on the metal surface by which prevented formation of free water and sedimentation of solid
the adsorption of organic compounds was confirmed using Fourier phase in the slurry. Certain types of cement slurry were worked out
transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet (UV)-visible reflectance, and with the addition of magnesium chloride, which do not undergo
scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies. Acidization of a sedimentation or cause water settlement, therefore they can be
petroleum oil well is one of the most important stimulation used to seal the pipes in directional holes.
techniques for enhancing oil production. It is commonly brought ................................................................
about by forcing 15% to 28% HCl as a solution into the well to open
up near-bore channels in the formation and, hence, to increase the CENTRALIZER 1,003,430
flow of oil. To reduce the aggressive attack of the acid on tubing and
[R] DOWNHOLE TOOLS
casing materials, inhibitors are added to the acid solution during
J.T.O.Thornton, asr. (Brunel Oilfield Serv Ltd). U.S.
the acidifying process.
2008/0,156,488A1, p. 7/3/2008, f. 3/13/2008 (Appl. 47,795), pr. Gr.
................................................................
Brit. 6/30/2000 (Appl. 0,016,145), World 6/28/2001 (Appl.
ANCHOR PACKER 1,003,425 0,102,855) and U.S. 1/30/2003 (Appl. 312,605) (E21B-0017/10). (26
pp) SRPA# 778,160
[R] PACKER [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #778,160]
I.Macleod and S.Reid. U.S. 2008/0,156,500A1, p. 7/3/2008, f. ................................................................
4/10/2006 (Appl. 909,820), pr. Gr. Brit. 4/9/2005 (Appl. 0,507,237)
and World 4/10/2006 (Appl. 0,601,297) (E21B-0023/04; CHECK VALVE 1,003,431
E21B-0033/12). (12 pp) SRPA# 919,270
FRANGIBLE FLAPPER VALVE WITH HYDRAULIC IMPACT
SLEEVE
................................................................
R.J.Ross and R.LaFargue, asrs. (BJ Services Co). U.S.
CASING COUPLING 1,003,426 2009/0,020,290A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 7/16/2007 (Appl. 879,182)
(E21B-0034/00). (14 pp)
[R] EXPANDABLE WELLBORE JUNCTION A frangible flapper valve is described that may be closed to
J.C.Gano, T.A.Freeman, J.R.Longbottom and J.S.Bowling, asrs. hydraulically isolate a portion of a wellbore tubular. The flapper
(Halliburton Energy Service). Europe. 1,914,380A1, p. 4/23/2008, f. valve is made of a frangible material adapted to shatter upon
5/12/1999 (Appl. 07,075,994), pr. U.S. 5/28/1998 (Appl. 86,716) impact from an impact sleeve. The sleeve may be used to initially
(E21B-0041/00). (41 pp) SRPA# 723,881 hold open the flapper valve. A latching mechanism may be used to
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #723,881] retain the sleeve above its initial position allowing the flapper to
................................................................ close isolating a portion of the tubular. The latching mechanism
may engage a piston to retain the sleeve at the second position. A
CASING STRING DESIGN 1,003,427 shearable device adapted to shear under a predetermined pressure
selectively connects the piston to the tubular. When the pressure
PLANNING OPTIMAL CASING POINTS
within the tubular increases above the predetermined amount the
R.Khosravanian, M.B.Aranezhad, S.J.Sadjadi, F.Barzinpour,
shearable device releases the piston and pushes the sleeve into the
B.S.Aadnoy and A.Naderifar (Iran Univ Sci & Technology;
closed flapper valve causing the flapper valve to shatter. A second
Stavanger Univ; Amirkabir Univ Technology). WORLD OIL v.230,
latching mechanism may prevent further movement of the sleeve.
no.6, pp.39-42, June 2009. (ISSN 0043-8790; 3 refs)
................................................................
Determining optimal casing points is a challenging task since
many engineering and geologic variables affect each other and are COILED TUBING EQUIPMENT 1,003,432
often non-linear. A new mathematical formulation and procedure
for optimizing casing string placement was used in a study on the A TOOL FOR LINER RUNNING AND CEMENTING USING
application of non-traditional optimization techniques--simulating ELECTRIC-LINE COILED TUBING
annealing (SA)--to determine near-optimum casing points of wells K.Bybee. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61,
in a case study of South Pars gas field in the Persian Gulf of Iran. no.6, pp.66-67, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; SPE-120992)
The model is applied to the practical design of the wells, and This article contains highlights of paper SPE-120992, "The Side
numerical results illustrate its accuracy and efficiency. Exhaust Liner-Running Tool: A Tool for Liner Running and
................................................................ Cementing Using E-Line Coiled tubing," by Greg Sarber, SPE, and
Mark Johnson, SPE, BPXA; Bob Harris, SPE, and Carl Diller,
CEMENTING 1,003,428 Northern Solutions; and John Milne and Alan Holloway, Baker
Hughes, originally prepared for the 2009 SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing
REVERSE-CIRCULATION CEMENTING OF SURFACE
and Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition, The Woodlands,
CASING
Texas, 31 March - 1 April.
S.Chase and G.Maier. U.S. 2009/0,020,285A1, p. 1/22/2009, f.
................................................................
7/16/2007 (Appl. 778,261) (E21B-0033/04; E21B-0034/10). (8 pp)
An apparatus for reverse circulation cementing of surface CONE PACKER 1,003,433
casing in subterranean formations and associated methods are
provided. One example of a method may involve a method of [R] NON-BACKED-UP PACKING ELEMENT SYSTEM
reverse circulation cementing a surface casing in a well bore with a J.P.Vinson, D.E.Kroll, D.S.Bishop and K.W.Clark. U.S.
conductor casing positioned therein comprising: providing a tool 2008/0,156,501A1, p. 7/3/2008, f. 12/29/2006 (Appl. 647,677)
comprising at least one isolation device coupled to the surface (E21B-0033/12). (11 pp) SRPA# 974,234
casing; positioning the isolation device in the well bore to isolate an [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #974,234]
annulus between the surface casing and the conductor casing; ................................................................
flowing cement through a port in the conductor casing in a reverse
circulation direction; and allowing the cement to set therein. CONTROL VALVE 1,003,434
................................................................
ANNULAR PRESSURE MONITORING DURING
CEMENTING 1,003,429 HYDRAULIC FRACTURING
M.H.Johnson, asr. (Baker Hughes Inc). World 2009/038,999A1,
CEMENT SLURRY TO SEAL THE PIPES IN DIRECTIONAL p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/9/2008 (Appl. 0,875,696), pr. U.S. 9/18/2007 (Appl.
HOLES [ZACZYNY CEMENTOWE DO USZCZELNIANIA 0,857,052) (E21B-0034/08; H04R-0001/28; E21B-0043/00). (10 pp)
RUR W OTWORACH KIERUNKOWYCH] A pressure or flow responsive valve is provided in a hydraulic
Z.Katna (Oil & Gas Inst (Poland)). NAFTA-GAZ v.63, no.5, fracturing assembly so that if the formation sands out during
pp.321-328, May 2007. (ISSN 0867-8871; 6 refs; In Polish) proppant pumping and pressure in the bypass to the annulus
This article presents test results of cement slurry intended for around the work string rises, the bypass is closed by the valve to

prevent overpressure of lower pressure rated components further GAS FRACTURING 1,003,440
uphole from the formation being treated. These components could
be large casing or the blowout preventer assembly. [R] MAXIMIZING ENERGY AT COALFACE FOR COALBED-
................................................................ METHANE FRACTURING
K.Bybee. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61,
EXPANDER (EQUIPMENT) 1,003,435 no.6, pp.59-60, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; SPE-114974) SRLA#
979,309
[R] PIPE EXPANDER [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #979,309]
S.M.Roggeband, A.L.M.Wubben and D.H.Zijsling, asrs. (Shell ................................................................
Internat Res Mij BV). Gr. Brit. 2,442,903A, p. 4/16/2008, f.
7/20/2006 (Appl. 0,801,610), pr. Europe. 8/5/2005 (Appl. 05,107,253) HORIZONTAL WELL COMPLETION 1,003,441
and World 7/20/2006 (Appl. 0,664,449) (E21B-0043/10;
B21D-0039/10). (24 pp) SRPA# 925,725 INFLOW CONTROL DEVICE AN INNOVATIVE
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #925,725] COMPLETION SOLUTION FROM "EXTENDED WELLBORE
................................................................ TO EXTENDED WELL LIFE CYCLE"
S.A.Al Arfi, S.E.A.Salem, A.A.S.Keshka, S.Al-Bakr, A.H.Amiri,
EXPANSIBLE SCREEN 1,003,436 A.Y.El-Barbary, M.Elasmar and O.Y.Mohamed (Abu Dhabi Co
Onshore Oper; Baker Oil Tools). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL &
[R] DOWNHOLE APPARATUS GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain,
P.D.Metcalfe. World 2009/001,073A2, p. 12/31/2008, f. 6/25/2008 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119599; Available on
(Appl. 0,802,165), pr. Gr. Brit. 6/26/2007 (Appl. 0,712,345) CD-ROM; 6 pp; 2 refs)
(E21B-0043/02; E21B-0033/129; E21B-0043/10; E21B-0043/08; The inflow control device (ICD) is a new completion system that
E21B-0033/127). (45 pp) SRPA# 992,953 will optimize production, delay water progress, eliminate/minimize
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #992,953] annular flow, and ensure a uniform inflow along the horizontal
................................................................ wellbore at the cost of a minute pressure drop. The non-uniform
production profile across the horizontal hole, especially in the
EXPANSIBLE TUBING 1,003,437 highly heterogeneous and fractured reservoirs, can result in
[R] METHOD OF SELECTIVE PLASTIC EXPANSION OF premature water production, bypassed oil and lower ultimate
SECTIONS OF A TUBING recovery. The problem was identified through production logging of
R.J.Coon, W.C.M.Lohbeck, G.R.Nazzal and T.J.Frank, asrs. several horizontal wells, which indicated a non-uniform production
(Shell Internat Res Mij BV). Can. 2,365,960A1, p. 10/19/2000, f. profile across the horizontal holes. The successful implementation
4/6/2000 (Appl. 2,365,960), pr. U.S. 4/9/1999 (Appl. 289,928) and of this technology was achieved by the use of an integrated
World 4/6/2000 (Appl. 0,003,104) (E21B-029/00). (11 pp) SRPA# approach to select the appropriate technology and method for
748,858 addressing the problem. A case history will be presented where this
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #748,858] new production technology has resulted in significant net present
................................................................ value (NPV) and improved production via an extended well-life
cycle. The ICD equalizer system was installed in one new and an
FORMATION PACKER 1,003,438 existing well with the aim to evaluate the viability of the technique.
Both installations were successful and the preliminary surface
[R] METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SETTING A BOTTOM testing results of the wells performance on different rates indicated
PACKER a uniform production profile across the horizontal hole and a drop
R.Freyer. U.S. 2008/0,156,502A1, p. 7/3/2008, f. 3/13/2006 (Appl. in the existing well water cut (from 7% to traces). (Copyright 2009
817,965), pr. Norw. 3/15/2005 (Appl. 20,051,327) and World SPE)
3/13/2006 (Appl. 0,600,091) (E21B-0033/12). (6 pp) SRPA# 918,616 ................................................................
................................................................ HYDRAULIC FRACTURING 1,003,442
FRICTION LOSS ADDITIVE 1,003,439 [R] METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ALTERING PORE
PRESSURE IN A FRACTURING OPERATION
FRICTION REDUCER PERFORMANCE BY COMPLEXING A.Mese, C.M.Sayers, D.Lee and P.J.Hooyman. U.S.
MULTIVALENT IONS IN WATER 2008/0,156,484A1, p. 7/3/2008, f. 12/29/2006 (Appl. 648,036)
D.E.McMechan, R.E.Hanes, Jr., I.D.Robb, T.D.Welton, K.L.King, (E21B-0047/026). (18 pp) SRPA# 974,254
B.J.King and J.Chatterji, asrs. (Halliburton Energy Service). U.S. [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #974,254]
2009/0,023,617A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 7/17/2007 (Appl. 879,423) ................................................................
(C09K-0008/60). (8 pp)
Embodiments relate to improving the performance of anionic HYDRAULIC FRACTURING 1,003,443
friction reducing polymers in water containing multivalent ions.
Exemplary embodiments relate to methods of improving the HORIZONTAL WELL SECTIONAL FRAC TECHNIQUE
performance of anionic friction reducing polymers in a WITH DUAL-RETRIEVABLE PACKERS IN DAQING
subterranean treatment, wherein the method comprises adding a OILFIELD
complexing agent to water comprising multivalent ions. The Y.Liang, Q.Yue, Z.Zhang, Q.Li, J.Xie, L.Ban and B.Li (China
method comprises adding the anionic friction reducing polymer to Univ Petroleum; Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd). 16TH SPE MIDDLE
the water comprising the multivalent ions, wherein the anionic EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009]
friction reducing polymer is added in an amount less than or equal (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119071;
to about 0.15% by weight of the water. The method comprises Available on CD-ROM; 4 pp; 4 refs)
introducing the water comprising the multivalent ions, the Horizontal well technology is a technological revolution in the
complexing agent and the anionic friction reducing polymer into at oil industry, and it is one of the most important methods of thick
least a portion of the subterranean formation such that the friction layer sustainable production and marginal low permeable
reducing polymer reduces energy loss due to turbulence in the formation exploitation in the Daqing oilfield. It is commonly
water. The complexing agent complexes with at least a portion of believed that fracturing is an effective way to recover oil from thin,
the multivalent ions in the water such that the reduction of energy low porosity and low permeability sands. However, the existing frac
loss by the friction reducing polymer is improved. The compositions technique in the horizontal wells--the limited entry frac--is a type of
have application in drilling fluids as well as fracturing fluids commingled frac method that cannot guarantee the fractures’
commonly referred to as slick water fracturing. opening and extension uniformly owing to heterogeneity formation.
................................................................ A novel sectional frac techniqueusing dual-retrievable packers
separately stimulating the specific intervals one by one has been
developed to recover low permeable reservoirs in the horizontal

wells. The sectional frac string chosen includes high pressure, high production network flow simulator. An interface simulation
temperature tools which have been used in several well manager is used to facilitate information exchange between the two
applications, as well as long-term testing in a laboratory simulation programs and optimization of the process. Also, we have
environment to differential pressures of 7300 psi at 190°F, with done a typical economic analysis for smart well completion
functions of stuck string prevention, stuck string releasing and implementation. The results show that smart completion is viable
reversal of sand flushing. Five interval treatments can be done in for this field. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
one trip. Up to now, this technique has been successfully applied to ................................................................
55 horizontal wells in the Daqing oilfield and 281 intervals were
fractured in the field. (Copyright 2009 SPE) INTERNAL COATING 1,003,447
................................................................
[R] APPLICATION OF INTERNAL PLASTIC COATINGS
HYDRAULIC FRACTURING 1,003,444 FOR OILFIELD TUBULAR GOODS AND ACCESSORIES
NACE STANDARD SP0191-2008 2008. (ISBN 1-57590-153-6;
NEW ALTERNATIVE TO SELECTIVELY FRACTURE Revised RP0191-96; 13 pp; Over 10 refs) SRLA# 639,826
STIMULATE EXTENDED-REACH, HORIZONTAL WELLS [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #639,826]
J.B.Surjaatmadja and L.Sierra (Halliburton). 16TH SPE ................................................................
2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. LIGHTWEIGHT CEMENT 1,003,448
(SPE-119475; Available on CD-ROM; 10 pp; Over 10 refs)
LIGHTWEIGHT CEMENTING SEALS DEPLETED ZONES
The requirements of oil and gas producers to maximize
R.Reyes, J.Brown, B.Measles, J.Lopez and G.Torres
hydrocarbon recovery in low-permeability environments have often
(Halliburton; Pioneer Natural Resources). WORLD OIL v.230, no.6,
been satisfied by drilling longer cased or openhole horizontal
pp.35-38, June 2009. (ISSN 0043-8790; 4 refs)
sections or by maximizing reservoir contact by perforating multiple
A lightweight cement lead slurry sealed underpressured
laterals or branches to the main bore. As production declines, these
reservoirs, saving up to $4 million in remedial squeezes. Because of
complex well completions have brought many challenges to well
the cyclical nature of the commodity market and the constant
interventions and stimulations. The number of such complex wells
change in commodity prices, operators must reduce the overall cost
and the number of selective packerless fracture stimulations in
while pursuing more challenging wells. One such environment is
long horizontal sections have increased significantly in the last few
the Wolfberry (Spraberry) play in West Texas. Remedial cementing
years, especially in Saudi Arabin oil/gas producing wells, and,
has an adverse effect on well economics, as well as compromising
eventually, for improving injectivity of water-injector wells. The
the wellbore because of squeeze perforations. Engineered solutions
selective and packerless fracture stimulation technology in wells
and application of new technology have addressed several of these
completed with long, horizontal open holes or cased holes has not
issues and allowed drilling in basin areas that were previously
been possible until now, especially when coiled tubing is used. This
thought to have marginal economics.
is because the coiled tubing, when equipped with the selective
................................................................
fracturing tool, will not be able to reach the entire horizontal
section without the use of mechanical tractors or agitators and LINER (WELL) 1,003,449
because of the incompatibility of the tool assembly and
tractor/agitator systems. This paper presents, for the first time, a [R] SOLID EXPANDABLE TECHNOLOGY FOR ZONAL
new tool designed to make tractor/agitator systems compatible with ISOLATION OF LOSS CIRCULATION FORMATION: CASE
the selective fracturing tool. It presents a detailed job design and STUDY SHUAIBA FORMATION
considerations used to perform the first field application of the tool J.Ekpe, A.Alexeenko, J.Al-Thuwaini, M.Emad and R.Khanlarov
in Saudi Arabia. (Copyright 2009 SPE) (LUKOIL Saudi Arabia Ltd). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL &
................................................................ GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain,
INHIBITOR SQUEEZE 1,003,445 CD-ROM; 6 pp) SRLA# 991,488
[R] FORMATION MINERALOGY AFFECTS SCALE-
................................................................
INHIBITOR SQUEEZE DESIGNS
K.Bybee. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61, MATRIX ACIDIZING 1,003,450
no.6, pp.51-53, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; SPE-113261) SRLA#
983,119 FROM PORE SCALE TO WELLBORE SCALE: IMPACT OF
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #983,119] GEOMETRY ON WORMHOLE GROWTH IN CARBONATE
................................................................ ACIDIZATION
C.E.Cohen, D.Ding, M.Quintard and B.Bazin (Inst Francais du
INTELLIGENT WELL 1,003,446 Petrole; Inst Mecanique Fluides). CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SCIENCE v.63, no.12, pp.3088-3099, June 2008. (ISSN 0009-2509;
VIABILITY STUDY OF IMPLEMENTING
Over 10 refs)
SMART/INTELLIGENT COMPLETION IN COMMINGLED
Acid injection in carbonate reservoir is commonly used in the
WELLS IN AN AUSTRALIAN OFFSHORE OIL FIELD
oil industry to improve, or at least recover, its productivity. The aim
M.N.Pari and A.H.Kabir (Iran Petrol Univ Technol; Curtin Univ
of this stimulation technique is to create empty channels called
Technology). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston,
wormholes which, if successful, would bypass the damaged area
TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122654; Available
near the wellbore. During production, wormholes become pathways
on CD-ROM; 9 pp; 3 refs)
for the reservoir oil to reach the well. This technique increases
Simulating automated action of smart well components
near-wellbore permeability, and therefore improves oil production.
represents a challenge in forecasting performance of such wells,
The interaction between the transport of acid, chemical reaction,
which is fundamental in their design decisions. For example, wells
and heterogeneities encountered at different scales, controls the
equipped with inflow control valves (ICV) where zones have to be
unstable behaviour of wormholing and, thus, the success of the
switched on, off or partially closed based on their performance
treatment. Most of the experimental and numerical studies done on
relative to the rest of the wells/completions in the field, share the
this subject in the past have been limited in their observations
same surface network and facilities constraints. In this paper, we
because they only considered the dissolution process at a small
present a study that has been carried out to justify installation of a
scale (from pore scale to core scale). The purpose of this work is to
surface controlled ICV in a group of wells in an offshore Australian
study how the geometry of the domain can constrain wormhole
field with commingled production. The merit of surface controlled
competition, and influence wormholing dynamics in a core
ICV versus uncontrolled commingled production has been
submitted to acidizing. After a short review of the literature on
compared. A numerical reservoir simulator has been used to model
wormholing to see how the geometry effect could have influenced
reservoir performance and production from individual zones. Also,
previous experiments, we study specifically the question of
well and production network has been simulated using a well and
wormhole density. We emphasize that two mechanisms are involved

in wormhole competition, with one of them being effective only at methyl-1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one are described. The compositions
small scale. Thus we conclude that wormholing is not a full-scale can be used to inhibit the growth of microorganisms or higher
independent process. ... (c2008 Elsevier Ltd.) (Longer abstract forms of aquatic life and have application in the petroleum industry
available) such as injection water, fracturing fluids and drilling muds.
................................................................ ................................................................
MULTILATERAL WELL 1,003,451 PIPE ELEVATOR 1,003,455

SUCCESSFUL STIMULATION OF DUAL-LATERAL [R] APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FACILITATING
PRODUCER IN GHAWAR FIELD CONNECTION OF A TUBULAR TO A STRING OF
K.Bybee. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61, TUBULARS
no.6, pp.54,56-57, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; SPE-119675) F.M.Leicht, J.C.Birdwell, M.W.Hayes, L.Speij,
This article contains highlights of paper SPE-119675, "Case J.L.Hollingsworth, S.L.Albright, J.D.Bearb and E.Abrahamsen,
History: Successful Application of Combined Rotary-Jetting and asrs. (Weatherford/Lamb Inc). Can. 2,331,575A1, p. 11/18/1999, f.
MLT To Stimulate Dual-Lateral Producer in Ghawar Field," by 5/12/1999 (Appl. 2,331,575), pr. U.S. 5/12/1998 (Appl. 76,507) and
Muhammad H. Al-Buali, SPE, Ibrahim H. Al-Arnaout, SPE, Ayed World 5/12/1999 (Appl. 9,901,270) (E21B-019/02; E21B-019/06;
M. Al-Shehri, SPE, Surajit Haldar, SPE, and Saad M. Al-Driweesh, E21B-019/08; E21B-019/16). (23 pp) SRPA# 723,396
SPE, Saudi Aramco, originally prepared for the 2009 SPE Middle [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #723,396]
East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, Bahrain, 15-18 March. ................................................................
................................................................
PROPPING MATERIAL 1,003,456
PERMANENT DOWNHOLE SENSOR 1,003,452
PROPPANT, A METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION
INTEGRATING REAL-TIME DOWNHOLE DATA TO THEREOF AND A FORMATION HYDRAULIC FRACTURING
ENHANCE GAS-LIFT COMPLETION STRATEGIES AND METHOD USING THE THUS PRODUCED PROPPANT
PERFORATION PRACTICES J.R.S.Ferrero and E.M.Pershikova, asrs. (Schlumberger Canada
H.D.Ibrahim, S.Al-Balushi, W.Al-Shizawi and S.Beattie Ltd; Schlumberger Serv Petrol; Schlumberger Holdings Ltd;
(Petroleum Development Oman; Zenith Oilfield Technology). 16TH Schlumberger Technol BV; Prad Research & Develop NV). World
SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE 2009/038,491A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/18/2007 (Appl. 0,700,502)
[MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (C09K-0008/80; E21B-0043/267; C04B-0035/64). (20 pp; In
(SPE-119640; Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp) Russian)
This paper discusses the use of downhole gauges not only for The invention relates to the gas and oil producing industry and
monitoring pressure and temperature, but also for production- can be used for increasing the performance of production wells by
optimization, enhancing completion design, perforating and cost- preventing fractures from being closed using propping granules
management efforts. Real-time downhole gauges have been used in (proppants) when carrying out the hydraulic fracturing of
oilfields for many applications in the past. Despite this, permanent productive oil formations.
downhole gauges have only been installed for gas-lift wells in one of ................................................................
PDO’s fields since 2007. The requirement for the monitoring system
was to closely monitor the bottomhole conditions for the purpose of RELEASABLE MECHANISM 1,003,457
water injection in a 5-spot pattern application. Installing
APPARATUS, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR
permanent gauges in 2008 clarified three important areas: the
DISCONNECTING AN ELONGATED MEMBER EXTENDING
wireline operations prior to perforation; the correct method for
FROM A WATERBORNE VESSEL
perforating; and the adherence to the issued program. While
B.Burnette, asr. (BJ Services Co). U.S. 2009/0,020,060A1, p.
kicking off the well using gas lift, readings from the gauges
1/22/2009, f. 7/11/2008 (Appl. 171,603), pr. U.S. 7/20/2007 (Appl.
revealed a gas-lift valve problem that instantly led to the decision
60/961,344) (B63B-0021/00). (10 pp)
to suspend perforation and change the malfunctioning valves. After
In some embodiments, apparatus for disconnecting at least one
rectifying the issue, perforating operations resumed and individual
elongated member extending between a waterborne vessel and at
production tests were carried out to clarify the well’s future
least one other object includes a cable extendable between the
potential. As a result, an operating-expense saving of more than
waterborne vessel and the other object. When the distance between
$500,000 was achieved in the 2008 new well campaign. The added
the waterborne vessel and the other object exceeds a certain
benefit of improved completion operations and production
distance, the cable causes the at least one elongated member to be
optimization has proved very useful. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
released from the vessel or other object. The apparatus has
................................................................
application in offshore well stimulation such as hydraulic
PESTICIDE 1,003,453 fracturing or acidizing when an emergency requires termination of
the operation.
MICROBICIDAL COMPOSITION ................................................................
R.Levy, B.J.El A’mma, B.Heer, K.Pareek and J.W.Ashmore. U.S.
2009/0,023,790A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 7/8/2008 (Appl. 217,692), pr. RUPTURE DISK 1,003,458
Europe. 7/18/2007 (Appl. 07,290,902) (A01N-0043/80;
[R] HYDRAULICALLY CONTROLLED BURST DISK SUBS
A01P-0001/00). (11 pp)
(HCBS)
Synergistic microbicidal compositions containing N-
M.V.Phi, P.Y.Huang and M.D.Murrey. U.S. 2008/0,156,498A1, p.
methyl-1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one are described. The compositions
7/3/2008, f. 2/10/2006 (Appl. 883,285), pr. U.S. 3/18/2005 (Appl.
can be used to inhibit the growth of higher forms of aquatic life and
60/663,216) and World 2/10/2006 (Appl. 0,604,967) (E21B-0029/06).
have application to oilfield fluids such as injection water, fracture
(12 pp) SRPA# 919,333
fluids and drilling muds.
................................................................
................................................................
PESTICIDE 1,003,454
SAFETY VALVE 1,003,459
MICROBICIDAL COMPOSITION
[R] SAFETY VALVE WITH FLAPPER/FLOW TUBE
R.Levy, B.J.El A’mma, B.Heer and K.Pareek. U.S.
FRICTION REDUCER
2009/0,023,688A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 7/8/2008 (Appl. 217,680), pr.
F.D.Kalb, J.R.Williamson and J.D.Vick. U.S. 2008/0,156,497A1,
Europe. 7/18/2007 (Appl. 07,290,901) (A01N-0043/76;
p. 7/3/2008, f. 1/2/2007 (Appl. 619,150) (E21B-0034/00). (10 pp)
A01N-0043/80; A01N-0037/02; A01N-0037/12; A61K-0031/195;
SRPA# 974,276
A01P-0001/00; A01N-0057/10; A01N-0043/78; A01N-0031/00;
A01N-0043/66). (12 pp)
................................................................
Synergistic microbicidal compositions containing N-

SAFETY VALVE 1,003,460 no.6, pp.41-42, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; SPE-115708) SRLA#
984,692
SUBSURFACE SAFETY VALVE CONTROL SYSTEM FOR [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #984,692]
ULTRADEEPWATER APPLICATIONS ................................................................
D.E.Bane and B.Peoples (Baker Hughes Inc). OFFSHORE
TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, VISCOELASTIC FLUID 1,003,464
5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
OTC-19870; Available on CD-ROM; 4 pp; 1 ref) [R] PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF VISCOELASTIC
The typical subsurface safety valve for deepwater high- STIMULATION FLUIDS WITH NANOPARTICLES
pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) subsea applications employs K.Bybee. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61,
many operational techniques including pressure-balanced pistons no.6, pp.49-50, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; SPE-113533) SRLA#
using gas energy for assisted closure, hydraulic balance lines, or a 983,160
heavy spring to ensure failsafe closure in the event of an emergency [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #983,160]
shutdown. Each of these techniques has an impact on the valve’s ................................................................
characteristics, which can raise concerns about valve operation or
reliability. A solution is desired that minimizes valve opening WATER PRODUCING 1,003,465
pressures by balancing tubing pressure, yet allowing extreme valve [R] SOLVING EXCESSIVE WATER PRODUCTION IN A
setting depth capability without compromising operational LONG HORIZONTAL OPEN HOLE
characteristics such as high opening pressures or pressure- K.Bybee. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61,
balanced pistons using long term valve gas charge storage. This no.6, pp.63-65, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; SPE-113700) SRLA#
paper discusses a new surface-controlled subsurface safety valve 965,933
(SCSSV) control system that uses the low opening pressures of a [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #965,933]
tubing pressure-insensitive safety valve, without gas-charged ................................................................
assisted closure or dual control lines for balanced line applications.
This system eliminates the need for pressure reversals across the WELL CLEANOUT 1,003,466
valve’s critical actuating piston seals, which increases valve
reliability and sealing performance while maintaining tubing MESOPHASE TECHNOLOGY FOR WELLBORE
pressure insensitivity. This control system allows for deeper valve CLEANOUTS - CASE HISTORY
depth capabilities compared to the methods previously discussed, A.A.Al-Ruwaily, J.E.Phillips, Z.R.BenSaad and C.F.Christian
allowing the safety valve to overcome annulus pressure buildup (Saudi Aramco; Baker Hughes). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL &
scenarios not possible in current SCSSVs for the applications GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain,
described. (Copyright 2009 OTC) 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119591; Available on
................................................................ CD-ROM; 4 pp; 6 refs)
This paper is a case history of two successful applications of
SHAPED CHARGE PERFORATOR 1,003,461 mesophase technology for wellbore cleanouts and flow back
enhancement. The first application was as a remedial treatment
PRE-VERIFICATION OF PERFORATION ALIGNMENT after the well’s ESP (electric submersible pump) pumped off and
F.Hill, T.Sampson and J.D.MacPherson, asrs. (Baker Hughes the second application was part of the completion process. Both
Inc). World 2009/039,389A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/19/2008 (Appl. wells were completed as open-hole horizontal wells, one with
0,877,041), pr. U.S. 9/20/2007 (Appl. 858,686) (E21B-0043/119; expandable sand screens (ESS) and the other with stand alone
E21B-0047/024). (27 pp) mesh type premium screens (SAS). Wells in this field are typically
A perforating system, comprising a perforating gun with drilled with 65 pcf invert oil emulsion drill-in fluid (DIF) and can be
shaped charges, and a pre-detonation orientation apparatus and as much as 800 psi over balance to formation pressure. The DIF is
method is disclosed. The pre-detonation orientation device intuitively managed with respect to mud solids control, so there is
comprises an orientation device in communication with the firing no actual quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) on the solids
means of the perforating gun. Detonation of the shaped charges can management. The ESS completion was treated remedially with
be contingent upon the perforating gun orientation. The orientation coiled tubing (CT) and rotating jet blasters months after the
device may comprise a rolling element, a conductive region, a liquid completion. The horizontal well was accessed through a Y-tool
interface module, a fluid metal switch and a pendulum element. bypass that was part of the ESP completion. The SAS completion
................................................................ was treated with CT and rotating jet blasters after running the
screen and setting the packer; prior to running the ESP completion,
SUBSEA VALVE 1,003,462
due to casing size limitations for running a Y-tool bypass.
DEEP WATER HURRICANE VALVE (Copyright 2009 SPE)
D.J.Lehr and J.C.Mailand. U.S. 2009/0,020,295A1, p. 1/22/2009, ................................................................
f. 7/19/2007 (Appl. 879,876) (E21B-0033/12; E21B-0023/08). (26 pp)
A storm plug for temporarily isolating an offshore well in deep WELL SCREEN 1,003,467
water includes a retrievable service packer connected to a valve [R] CERAMIC SCREEN
housing containing a movable isolation sleeve and a standing valve. W.H.Paulus and M.Heijnen. U.S. 2008/0,156,481A1, p. 7/3/2008,
The standing valve precludes the fluid flow through a portion of the f. 6/28/2007 (Appl. 823,578), pr. Den. 12/29/2006 (Appl.
isolation sleeve. The isolation sleeve being hydraulically actuated 200,601,719) (E21B-0043/00). (5 pp) SRPA# 974,288
from an open position to a closed position. In the open position, [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #974,288]
fluid may flow through flow ports in the standing valve to an ................................................................
annular bypass area between the valve housing and the isolation
sleeve. In the closed position, the isolation sleeve prevents fluid flow WELL STIMULATION 1,003,468
through the valve housing. The valve may be hydraulically
actuated as compared to conventional storm valve that are set by MECHANISMS OF SEISMIC EOR [ENHANCED OIL
workstring rotation. The running tool used to run the storm plug RECOVERY]
into the well may be hydraulically disconnected from the valve S.R.Pride, E.G.Flekkoy and O.Aursjo (Lawrence Berkeley Lab;
housing. Oslo Univ). WORLD OIL v.230, no.6, pp.49-42, June 2009. (ISSN
................................................................ 0043-8790)
The pore-scale effects of seismic stimulation on two-phase flow
TITANIUM 1,003,463 are numerically modeled in random two-dimensional grain-pack
geometries. The objective of this article is to simulate numerically
[R] TESTING TITANIUM-ALLOY TUBING FOR HP/HT the effect of a passing seismic wave on the pore-scale two-phase
APPLICATIONS flow. The lattice-Boltzmann model is used to perform the
D.Denney. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61, simulations, and poroelasticity theory to define the effective force

that the seismic wave adds to the background fluid-pressure (Petroleo Brasileiro SA). U.S. 2009/0,020,065A1, p. 1/22/2009, f.
gradient. The simulations are presently done in 2D on cells that are 4/17/2008 (Appl. 81,543), pr. Braz. 7/16/2007 (Appl. 0,702,973)
typically 10 x 10 grains in size; however, extension to 3D and to (B63B-0021/26). (17 pp)
larger systems is straightforward. Over a significant parameter A deep water high capacity anchoring system in which the
range, stimulation is observed to mobilize oil by causing fixing of an anchor structure under compact layers of ocean soil is
coalescence of smaller droplets into bigger ones that flow more reached by jetting fluid in rising directions and, simultaneously in a
easily. radial and/or perpendicular direction to the external surfaces of
................................................................ said anchor structure injected from its lower extremity, thus
guaranteeing anchoring of large size floating structures, related to
WELL TESTING 1,003,469 the petroleum industry, such as stationary production units and oil
drilling platforms.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPLETING AND TESTING MULTI-
................................................................
ZONE OPEN-HOLE CARBONATE FORMATIONS
R.T.Brooks, P.Scott and S.Scott (TAM International Inc). 16TH BACTERICIDE 1,003,472
SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE
[MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. A HIGH THROUGHPUT TEST METHOD FOR EVALUATION
(SPE-119426; Available on CD-ROM; 14 pp; 5 refs) OF BIOCIDES AGAINST ANAEROBIC MICROORGANISMS
This paper presents a methodology for executing multi-zone B.Yin, asr. (Dow Global Technol Inc). World 2009/039,004A1, p.
well tests in an un-cemented open-hole completion. Hydraulic 3/26/2009, f. 9/10/2008 (Appl. 0,875,755), pr. U.S. 9/20/2007 (Appl.
isolation between zones is achieved using casing annulus packers 60/973,909) (G01N-0033/50). (28 pp)
rather than cement. Sliding sleeve port collars provide a means of Provided is a high-throughput method for determining the
selective interval testing when used with polished bore receptacles biocidal efficacy of biocidal agents against anaerobic organisms. The
and seal stacks to allow well control and test string spacing. The method includes the steps of: providing one or more anaerobe
techniques described here eliminate cementing and perforating samples in a first set of multiple receptacles accessible to multi-
across reservoir intervals; therefore, it is an improved method of channel pipettes; providing one or more biocidal samples at known
testing multiple zones in fractured and low permeability carbonate concentration(s) in a second set of multiple receptacles accessible to
reservoirs. Multiple zones can be individually tested and retested, multi-channel pipettes; forming mixtures of the one or more
in any order, on a single trip in the hole with drill stem test tools, biocidal samples and the anaerobe samples via a multi-channel
representing a significant step change in well testing methodology. pipette; incubating the mixtures so as to allow reaction between the
A well test performed in an exploratory well in Qatar used the biocidal samples and the anaerobe samples; determining each of
basis of this approach. Subsequent to this, well tests in China and the one or more biocidal samples’ killing (biocidal) effectiveness
Oklahoma used this approach successfully. One common well test against the anaerobes at selected time interval(s), wherein each
objective was to establish sufficient flow allowing the chosen step, except for the step of providing one or more biocidal samples,
reservoir to be evaluated, without the need to stimulate. Although is conducted under anaerobic conditions.
stimulation was not entirely eliminated in this test case, a ................................................................
reduction in test time was achieved. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
................................................................ BUSINESS MODEL 1,003,473
ZONE ISOLATION 1,003,470 EXPERIENCES USING LAGOSA TO IMPROVE

PRODUCTION OPERATIONS AND GAS MARKETING
INNOVATIVE SOLUTION TO ISOLATE CROSS PERFORMANCE
COMMUNICATING RESERVOIRS IN SHORT RADIUS J.D.Hudson (Shell Global Solutions Inc). SPE DIGITAL
WELLS ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009)
A.A.Al-Mumen, H.F.Balghoneim, K.M.Al-Amri and Z.A.Al- PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122553; Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp;
Baggal (Saudi Aramco). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS Over 10 refs)
SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, The promise of improved production performance and
3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-118661; Available on consistent delivery against market and regulatory commitments is
CD-ROM; 9 pp; 2 refs) driving the need for better decision making within daily operations.
Cross communication between reservoirs is a common In addition, tighter integration between EP sources and markets
phenomenon in oilfields worldwide. The cross communication not forces broader consideration of factors from across the scope of
only hampers production, but also alters reservoir properties which business. At the same time, market maturity is forcing more
affects the future recovery targets. Isolation of these cross dynamic and complex nomination and delivery processes within the
communicating reservoirs in short radius application has always EP business. Addressing these challenges requires better, faster
posed a serious challenge to drilling engineers worldwide. This and more collaborative decision-making, driven initially by
paper will describe two challenging remedial workovers where the improved leveraging of engineering expertise into operations and
window was successfully isolated and squeezed after isolating the further by integration of both engineering and operations expertise
short radius curve section. The first well is a bare foot completion, into EP business processes. A key aspect of Shell’s Smart Fields
while the second well was more challenging as it is completed with program has been to drive performance around Smart Fields value
a production equalizer liner. The paper will also highlight the loops, concisely given as measure-model-decide-execute. This paper
evaluation process and risk assessment of the other options with illustrates several examples where Shell has implemented Lagosa,
economic analysis. Moreover, it will shed some light on the an office domain, collaborative work process solution that
limitations of the available retrievable isolation plugs in short encompasses a scope from source to sales. The paper will show how
radius applications. At the end, the paper will emphasize the time the solution engages various roles to contribute to better
and cost saved in achieving the objectives and will show production performance, as demonstrated by sustained improvements in value
results of the two wells after the remedial work. (Copyright 2009 delivery. Learning points will be offered, particularly regarding
SPE) implementation, embedment and sustainability. (Copyright 2009
................................................................ SPE)
................................................................
PRODUCING OIL & GAS CATALYST 1,003,474

[R] FISCHER-TROPSCH CATALYSTS
J.H.White and J.W.Taylor, asrs. (Eltron Research Inc). U.S.
ANCHORING 1,003,471 7,393,876B2, c. 7/1/2008, f. 12/16/2005 (Appl. 303,451)
(C07C-0027/00). (15 pp) SRPA# 937,280
DEEP WATER HIGH CAPACITY ANCHORING SYSTEM AND
METHOD OF OPERATION THEREOF
................................................................
V.M.Paz, E.de Campos Porto and C.J.De Medeiros, Jr., asrs.

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
COALBED METHANE 1,003,475 coating manufacturers. It covers coating materials, coating test
protocol and acceptance criteria, surface preparation, coating
DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF TYPICAL PRODUCTION application, quality assurance and control, and repair methods. It
CHARACTERISTICS OF COALBED METHANE WELLS IN also covers generic protective coating systems, flange corrosion
PANHE AREA control, fastener coatings, pipe support corrosion control, and
G.Q.Wang, M.Y.Xi, J.G.Wu and H.Fan (China Coalbed Methane stainless steel (SS) tubing corrosion control. The purpose is to
Co). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, facilitate more effective corrosion protection of offshore structures
no.7, pp.12a,83-85, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 5 refs; In by presenting reliable information and providing guidelines for
Chinese) coating manufacturers to develop more durable products.
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] ................................................................
................................................................
CORROSION CONTROL 1,003,479
COILED TUBING 1,003,476
CORROSION MANAGEMENT FOR OIL AND GAS ASSETS
FAILURE ANALYSIS: ROLE OF SURFACE FINISH IN A.Morshed (Production Svcs Network). MATERIALS
FATIGUE FAILURE OF TYPE 316L STAINLESS STEEL PERFORMANCE v.47, no.8, pp.54-59, Aug. 2008. (ISSN 0094-1492;
COIL TUBE 2 refs)
F.Elshawesh, H.Mahfud, A.Abdurrahim and F.Elhaddad Poor understanding of the corrosion management concept and
(Libyan Petroleum Inst). MATERIALS PERFORMANCE v.47, its practical applications often deprives many oil and gas assets
no.8, pp.70-73, Aug. 2008. (ISSN 0094-1492; 2 refs) from having a proper asset corrosion management system (asset
A Type 316L stainless steel (UNS S31603) coil tube used for CMS). This article tries to rectify the situation by offering a better
dehydration of wet gas with tri-ethylene glycol cracked and failed understanding of an ame lettersset CMS, its structure, stages, and
after less than one year of service in a platform gas processing applications. It discusses the integrity, cost, and time benefits that
facility. The investigation revealed multiple fatigue cracks at a having and implementing an asset CMS can bring about.
plastically deformed area on the coil external surface. Vibration of ................................................................
the coil tube during service caused the cracking.
................................................................ CREVICE CORROSION 1,003,480
COMPRESSOR PLANT 1,003,477 FAILURE ANALYSIS: FAILURE OF A COLUMN REBOILER
IN AN MEG RECOVERY UNIT
LIQUIDS ENTRAINMENT: PT.2: ON LINE LIQUID- A.El-Batahgy, M.Amin and G.Fathy (Central Metallurgical Inst;
ENTRAINMENT TESTING CONFIRMS CFD MODEL Burullus Gas Co). MATERIALS PERFORMANCE v.47, no.8,
PREDICTION pp.66-69, Aug. 2008. (ISSN 0094-1492; 6 refs)
P.Tenison and R.Eguren (BP Exploration Alaska Inc; BP During gas processing, a mixture of mono-ethylene glycol
America Production Co). OIL & GAS JOURNAL v.107, no.20, (MEG), salt, and water is separated from the produced gas. This
pp.47-51, 5/25/2009. (ISSN 0030-1388) separated mixture is subjected to further processing to recover
This is the second of three articles that describes BP’s MEG before recycling it again. After only seven months of
experience with reciprocating compressor damage from liquids operation, a column reboiler in a mono-ethylene glycol recycling
intrusion at two facilities, in Oklahoma and Alaska. This second unit at a natural gas production plant failed because of localized
article reviews the validation of CFD modeling by online laser corrosion on the portion of the tubes in the tube sheet. This attack
isokinetic probe sampling for liquid entrainment and the impact of was caused by abnormal clearance between the tubes and tube
NGL solubility in compressor lube oil. BP owns and operates the sheet, due to poor manufacturing quality, which allowed deposits to
Milne Point oil production facility on Alaska’s North Slope where collect and initiate crevice corrosion.
processing facilities are enclosed in heated, adjoining modules. The ................................................................
gas compression module houses two 3,450-hp reciprocating
compressors. Over time, the frequency and severity of compressor ELASTOMER 1,003,481
component failures increased. Intense examination identified both
mechanical and process-related causes for the failures, including [R] EFFECTS OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE, HIGH-PRESSURE
entrainment of water and NGLs in the compressor suction. Damage CARBON DIOXIDE DECOMPRESSION ON ELASTOMERIC
caused or exacerbated by ingested liquids included bearing failures, MATERIALS
damaged cylinder lining, sheared wrist pins, sheared cylinder NACE STANDARD TM0297-2008 2008. (ISBN 1-57590-043-2;
attachment bolts, and cracked pistons. At Milne Point, poor Revised TM0297-97; 8 pp; 4 refs) SRLA# 673,164
separation performance of existing suction scrubbers was predicted [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #673,164]
by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and confirmed by ................................................................
laser isokinetic probe sampling to quantify liquid entrainment.
Analysis of operating data also indicated condensation of liquids in ELECTROSTATIC TREATER 1,003,482
suction piping downstream of the scrubbers. [R] SEPARATING MULTIPLE COMPONENTS OF A STREAM
................................................................ G.W.Sams. U.S. 2008/0,156,649A1, p. 7/3/2008, f. 3/14/2008
(Appl. 48,707), pr. U.S. 8/7/2002 (Appl. 214,295) and U.S. 2/15/2005
CORROSION CONTROL 1,003,478
(Appl. 57,900) (B01D-0017/06). (25 pp) SRPA# 864,195
CORROSION CONTROL OF OFFSHORE STRUCTURES BY [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #864,195]
PROTECTIVE COATINGS ................................................................
33 pp; Over 10 refs) FLOW ASSURANCE 1,003,483
Offshore structures represent large capital investments and are FLOW ASSURANCE CHALLENGES IN THE PAPA-TERRA
being placed worldwide. Moreover, more and more offshore PROJECT
structures are being placed in deeper waters and, therefore, have J.G.S.Junior, G.M.Paternost and D.S.Condessa (Petroleo
become larger, more complex, and more expensive. Control of Brasileiro SA). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE
corrosion on offshore structures is necessary to sustain oil and gas [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN
production, provide safe working and living areas, and avoid 978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19864; Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp)
potential harm to the environment. For this standard, offshore The Papa-Terra project is among the most complex subsea
structures includes metallic offshore structures such as fixed-leg developments executed in Brazil. Flow assurance strategies were a
platforms, tension-leg platforms (TLP), semisubmersibles, spar key driver because of the extreme water depth, the high viscosity
platforms, and floating production storage and offloading vessels and low API (< 15 API) of the produced fluids. Petrobras has been
(FPSO). This NACE International standard is intended for use by considering the first tension leg wellhead platform (TLWP), which
facility owners’ corrosion control personnel, coating applicators, and will be installed 350 m away from a FPSO, with multiphase flow

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
between units. This project demanded a new approach on fluid subsea pipelines and risers. Analyses and calculations on the
behavior model and the adoption of some technologies not applied feasibility, and heat transfers in hydrate re-formation and
in the Campos Basin yet due mainly to emulsion impact in fluid dissociation are presented. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
viscosity. Examples of these technologies are a dry completion unit ................................................................
with high power electric submersible pumps (ESPs) installed in
deep water (4000 ft) and electrical heated flexible pipes. As another GAS LIFT (WELL) 1,003,487
example, the studies resulted in a new fluid model to be used in
[R] SAGD [STEAM-ASSISTED GRAVITY DRAINAGE] GAS
flow simulator that considers viscosity data measured in the
LIFT COMPLETIONS AND OPTIMIZATION: SURMONT
laboratory. This paper gives an overview of the main flow assurance
FIELD STUDY
challenges faced on the basic project development, that included
D.Denney. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61,
heavy oil modeling applied to an offshore deepwater field,
multiphase flow transport between two production units, a dry
989,494
completion unit and a floating production unit (DCU and FPU)
with the dry completion unit using high power ESP as lift method.
................................................................
(Copyright 2009 OTC)
................................................................ GAS LIQUIDS CONVERSION 1,003,488
FLOW MEASURING 1,003,484 [R] PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF A SYNTHESIS
GAS TO HYDROCARBONS IN THE PRESENCE OF BETA-
THE IMPORTANCE OF FLUID PROPERTY KNOWLEDGE
SIC AND EFFLUENT FROM THIS PROCESS
IN MULTIPHASE METERING APPLIED TO SAGD WELL
S.Savin-Poncet, M.J.Ledoux, C.Pham-Huu, J.Bousquet and
PRODUCTION
B.Madani, asrs. (Total France; Total SA). U.S. 7,393,877B2, c.
D.Hompoth, B.G.Pinguet and E.Guerra (Suncor Energy;
7/1/2008, f. 4/26/2006 (Appl. 411,085), pr. Fr. 12/31/2003 (Appl.
Schlumberger). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY
0,315,622) and U.S. 1/3/2005 (Appl. 27,706) (C07C-0027/00). (14 pp)
NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008)
SRPA# 883,717
PROCEEDINGS pp.287-303, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also
available on CD-ROM; Over 10 refs)
................................................................
The objective of this paper is to present how an innovative
multiphase flow meter (MFM) based on Venturi and nuclear GAS LIQUIDS CONVERSION 1,003,489
fraction metering combination has technically overcome the
challenge of measuring steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) [R] PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF
well production. This paper will address how proper knowledge and HYDROCARBONS TO ALCOHOLS
description of fluid behavior is the key to achieve this challenge. (BP Chemicals Ltd). Europe. 1,914,219A1, p. 4/23/2008, f.
SAGD represents the latest advance in thermal bitumen 10/20/2006 (Appl. 06,255,402) (C07C-0029/151). (14 pp) SRPA#
exploitation; however, production allocation of SAGD effluents has 965,975
not been properly addressed, especially surface flow rate metering. [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #965,975]
Heavy oil production operations are extremely challenging; thus in- ................................................................
situ bitumen production operations represent the most extreme
case of flow rate metering in the industry. A breakthrough is now GAS LIQUIDS CONVERSION 1,003,490
possible with an MFM which has overcome different challenges in
order to reach SAGD environmental conditions. [R] PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF
................................................................ HYDROCARBONS TO ALCOHOLS
(BP Chemicals Ltd). Europe. 1,916,233A1, p. 4/30/2008, f.
GAS CONDENSATE PRODUCING 1,003,485 10/20/2006 (Appl. 06,255,414) (C07C-0029/151). (15 pp) SRPA#
965,974
[R] DESIGN CHALLENGES FOR WAX IN A FAST-TRACK [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #965,974]
DEEPWATER PROJECT ................................................................
D.Denney. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61,
no.6, pp.45-47, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; OTC-19160) SRLA# GAS SEPARATOR 1,003,491
968,663
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #968,663] SYNTHESIS AND PERMEATION PROPERTIES OF A DDR-
................................................................ TYPE ZEOLITE MEMBRANE FOR SEPARATION OF
CO2/CH4 GASEOUS MIXTURES
GAS HYDRATE 1,003,486 S.Himeno, T.Tomita, K.Suzuki, K.Nakayama, K.Yajima and
S.Yoshida (Nagaoka Univ Technology; NGK Insulators Ltd).
AN OVERHEAD RECEIVER FOR CAPTURE, RE- INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH v.46,
FORMATION, STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION OF GAS no.21, pp.6989-6997, 10/10/2007. (ISSN 0888-5885; Over 10 refs)
HYDRATES PRODUCED FROM DEEPWATER SEDIMENTS Using hydrothermal synthesis, a highly hydrophobic DDR-type
H.Q.Zhang, J.P.Brill and C.Sarica (Tulsa Univ). OFFSHORE zeolite membrane was prepared on the outer surface of a porous
TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, α-alumina tube. The results of this study show that it is useful for
5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; CO2/CH4 separation. Single-gas permeation for CO2, CH4, H2, He,
OTC-19885; Available on CD-ROM; 6 pp; 7 refs) N2, and O2, and CO2/CH4 binary gas permeation, were measured,
Gas hydrates bind immense amounts of methane in marine respectively, at pressures up to 5 and 2 MPa. The respective single-
sediments. If produced cost effectively, they can serve as a stable gas permeances of CO2 and CH4 at 298 K at a feed pressure of 0.2
energy supply. No viable technologies for extracting gas hydrates MPa and a permeate pressure of 0.1 MPa were 4.2 x 10 E-07 and
from deep ocean deposits have been developed to date. The method 1.2 x 10 E-09 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1; the ideal selectivity for CO2/CH4 was
of harvesting natural gas from deepwater hydrates presented in 340. The permeances were in the following order: CO2 > H2 > He >
this paper is a combination of several production stages with a key O2 > N2 > CH4. Single-gas permeance was dependent on the
equipment--overhead receiver. It includes using the overhead relative molecular size of the DDR pore diameter. However, CO2
receiver to capture the produced gas, allowing gas to form hydrates permeance dominated the adsorption affinity to the pore wall of
again in the overhead receiver and accumulate, and transporting DDR zeolite. In mixed-gas permeation experiments using the sweep
hydrates with the overhead receiver from the sea floor to surface or method, the DDR-type zeolite membrane showed high selectivity
to a distant receiving terminal with a floating vessel. This approach for CO2/CH4 mixtures of 200 and high CO2 permeance of 3.0 x 10
uses gas hydrates as the medium for production, storage and E-07 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1 at 298 K with a feed pressure of 0.2 MPa.
transportation in order to exploit the nature of hydrates and the Furthermore, the DDR zeolite membranes were compared to other
subsea pressure and temperature profiles. Consequently, it leads to zeolite membranes for evaluation of their CO2/CH4 selectivity and
a safe and economical production system that does not require CO2 permeance; the DDR-type zeolite membranes show better
CO2/CH4 separation and CO2 permeance.
................................................................
PRODUCING OIL & GAS
GAS SEPARATOR 1,003,492 (liquid chromatography mass spectrum) and SFT (surface tension
measurement). With the results from these exploratory techniques
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ABSORPTION OF SELECTIVE correlated to performance testing for both KHIs and CIs, we hope to
SPECIFIC GASEOUS COMPOUNDS FROM A FLUID IN A gain a better grasp of the underlying issue. The compatibility of the
MICROCHANNEL MODULE, AND SCREENING OF THE KHI with the CI is not a well-understood phenomenon, and this
ABSORBENT MIXTURE paper will address this compatibility from a chemistry point of view.
B.Wittgens and P.Skjetne, asrs. (Sinvent AS). World Therefore, this provides a more fundamental insight into the
2009/038,472A1, p. 3/26/2009, f. 9/17/2008 (Appl. 0,800,334), pr. interactions of KHIs and CIs. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
Norw. 9/17/2007 (Appl. 20,074,747) (B01D-0053/14). (17 pp) ................................................................
The present invention comprises a method and system for rapid
screening, characterization and optimization of absorbent mixtures HYDROGEN SULFIDE 1,003,497
for selective removal of specific gaseous compounds from a fluid
flow, said fluid flow and absorbent mixture being conveyed to a DYNAMIC VISCOSITY ESTIMATION OF HYDROGEN
modular microchannel system wherein fluid and absorbent mixture SULFIDE USING A PREDICTIVE SCHEME BASED ON
are mixed in at least one microchannel structure residence time MOLECULAR DYNAMICS
module for optimized mass transfer from fluid to absorbent mixture G.Galliero and C.Boned (Pau Univ). FLUID PHASE
at a temperature in the range from -40°C to 450°C, and a pressure EQUILIBRIA v.269, nos.1-2, pp.19-24, 7/25/2008. (ISSN 0378-3812;
in the range from 0,1 bar to 900 bar, temperature and pressure Over 10 refs)
being controlled by means of a process control, a safety system and An approach based on molecular dynamics results on Lennard-
analysis system for systematic and continuous screening and Jones spheres is proposed to model the viscosity of hydrogen
characterization of said absorbent mixture. The present invention sulfide, H2S. The molecular parameters, that have a strong physical
also comprises use of the above mentioned method. meaning, are the depth of the potential, and the length at which
................................................................ the potential is null (the "molecular diameter"), which take into
account the dipolar moment of the hydrogen sulfide through an
GAS SEPARATOR 1,003,493 isotropic dipolar approximation. The interest of the method is that
the adjustment does not involve any viscosity data because only
SUPERSONIC SWIRLING SEPARATORS density values have been used in order to estimate the molecular
X.W.Cao, L.Chen, Z.H.Lin and Y.J.Du (East China Univ; Xi’an parameters. Consequently, the model is entirely predictive. A
Jiaotong Univ). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI comparison between the data generated by our model, REFPROP7
GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.16a-17a,109-111, 7/25/2007. (ISSN and REFPROP8 database and the few available experimental
1000-0976; 5 refs; In Chinese) viscosity data (dilute gas and saturated liquid) is performed and it
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] clearly demonstrates the performance of this predictive model. It is
................................................................ even shown that this model is, without fitting, slightly better than
REFPROP7 and REFPROP8 which uses viscosity experimental
GAS SEPARATOR 1,003,494
database to adjust their parameters. In addition, in typical
THE NOZZLE USED IN SUPERSONIC SWIRLING petroleum reservoirs conditions, it is shown that non-negligible
SEPARATORS deviations appear when comparing results predicted by
X.W.Cao, L.Chen, Z.H.Lin and Y.J.Du (East China Univ; Xi’an REFPROP7, REFPROP8 and the model proposed. Due to its
Jiaotong Univ). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI predictive nature, we believe that the values evaluated by the
GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.17a,112-114, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; proposed model make sense in such reservoir conditions, at least for
7 refs; In Chinese) industrial purposes. Moreover, the scheme proposed is shown to be
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] very easily extended to deal with mixtures involving H2S with the
................................................................ limit that the Lennard-Jones fluid model is appropriate for the
other species of the mixtures. (c2008 Elsevier B.V.)
GAS WELL DEWATERING 1,003,495 ................................................................
DEVELOPING EFFICIENCY AND THE WORKING SYSTEM HYDROGEN SULFIDE CORROSION 1,003,498
OF WELLS DURING THE DE-WATERING GAS
PRODUCTION PROCESS IN COALBED METHANE MODELING THE EFFECT OF CHLORIDE CONTENT ON
RESERVOIRS HYDROGEN SULFIDE CORROSION OF PURE IRON BY
Y.S.Kang, Q.Zhao, H.Y.Wang, H.L.Liu and S.Yang (China Univ COUPLING OF PHASE AND POLARIZATION BEHAVIOR
Petroleum; PetroChina). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY H.Hoffmeister (Helmut Schmidt Univ). CORROSION v.64,
(TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.11a-12a,79-82, 7/25/2007. no.6, pp.483-495, June 2008. (ISSN 0010-9312; Over 10 refs)
(ISSN 1000-0976; 6 refs; In Chinese) Localized corrosion of higher alloyed steels has frequently been
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] shown to produce locally aggressive solutions with low pH levels in
................................................................ crevices and pits. It also has been established that such solutions
can serve to initiate and propagate stress corrosion cracking. The
HYDRATE INHIBITOR 1,003,496 present model aims at a basic understanding of the time-dependent
local acidification process and, in a first approach, uses pure iron as
UNDERSTANDING KINETIC HYDRATE INHIBITOR AND a model metal. The model couples the anodic polarization
CORROSION INHIBITOR INTERACTIONS resistances to the precipitated equilibrium masses of iron disulfide
J.A.Moore, L.Ver Vers and P.Conrad (Nalco). OFFSHORE (FeS2), which in a closed loop time stepwise procedure are
TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, calculated from the solute concentrations in a diffusion boundary
5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; layer. In the present work, the effects of chlorides on ion migration,
OTC-19869; Available on CD-ROM; 20 pp; Over 10 refs) sulfide solubility, anodic polarization resistances, and solid phase
Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHI) are increasingly becoming precipitations of FeS2, together with ferrous chloride (FeCl2), are
more prevalent in the oil and gas industry, thus the knowledge of integrated into the model. As a result, the increase of chloride
how they impact other oilfield chemicals becomes important. This contents accelerates the anodic acidification and increases the
paper will attempt to explain how these products impact both the mean corrosion currents. This effect is more pronounced at higher
KHIs’ and corrosion inhibitors’ (CI) performance in the presence of H2S partial pressures depending on bulk pH levels. As in the
each other. This paper will address fundamental properties of both previous work, the reduction of bulk pH accelerates acidification
chemistries and how their interaction can be understood at the and increases the corrosion currents. As a specific result for pH
molecular level. Ultimately, this fundamental understanding allows levels below 7, the effect of H2S partial pressures is characterized
for a more informed selection of KHI and CI for sub-sea by an initial drop of corrosion currents followed by an increase at
applications. This work will explore the possibility of two separate higher H2 contents. Also, the increase of total pressures at a
mechanisms that can cause KHIs and CIs to negatively impact constant H2S volume content enhances corrosion rates due to the
each other. The two mechanisms will be explored by using LC/MS respective effect of increasing H2S partial pressures. The results

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
are shown to reflect presently known experimental and sour service KNOCKOUT DRUM 1,003,505
field corrosion experiences.
................................................................ PARAMETRIC APPROACH FOR THE OPTIMAL DESIGN
OF KNOCKOUT DRUMS
HYDROGEN SULFIDE CORROSION 1,003,499 R.Hernandez-Suarez, H.Puebla and R.Aguilar-Lopez (Inst
Mexicano Petroleo; Metropolitana Auton Univ; CINVESTAV-IPN).
[R] PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH v.46,
MATERIALS FOR USE IN H2S-CONTAINING no.21, pp.7008-7017, 10/10/2007. (ISSN 0888-5885; Over 10 refs)
ENVIRONMENTS IN OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION: PT.1: In this paper, the optimal design of two-phase horizontal
GENERAL PRINCIPLES FOR SELECTION OF CRACKING- knockout drums is addressed. An optimization model is developed
RESISTANT MATERIALS that predicts separator performance subject to nonlinear design
ANSI/NACE STANDARD MR0175/ISO 15156-1:2001 constraints. The proposed model gives rise to a nonconvex,
[TECHNICAL CIRCULAR NO.1] 2007. (3 pp) SRLA# 849,753 nonlinear problem that often causes convergence difficulties for
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #849,753] standard local optimization techniques. We propose an optimal
................................................................ solution procedure based on a search parametric approach.
Extensive numerical simulations on a case study are used to
HYDROGEN SULFIDE CORROSION 1,003,500 illustrate the proposed heuristic procedure that yields to a minimal
[R] PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - cost design of knockout drums. Results of an in-depth analysis
MATERIALS FOR USE IN H2S-CONTAINING aimed to characterize liquid-gas separation in horizontal knockout
ENVIRONMENTS IN OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION: PT.2: drums are also presented.
CRACKING-RESISTANT CARBON AND LOW ALLOY ................................................................
STEELS, AND THE USE OF CAST IRONS
LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS 1,003,506
ANSI/NACE STANDARD MR0175/ISO 15156-2:2003
[TECHNICAL CIRCULAR NO.1] 2007. (4 pp) SRLA# 849,754 CHOICES FOR LNG FPSOs
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #849,754] L.J.F.M.Festen and J.B.P.M.Leo (CB&I Lummus BV).
................................................................ OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston,
TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
HYDROGEN SULFIDE CORROSION 1,003,501 OTC-19884; Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp; 5 refs)
[R] PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES - LNG FPSOs will be required to develop the stranded natural
MATERIALS FOR USE IN H2S-CONTAINING gas fields that are too far from the market for pipelines or in too
ENVIRONMENTS IN OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION: PT.3: deep water. Despite many design studies, technical and economic
CRACKING-RESISTANT CRAs (CORROSION-RESISTANT constraints have prevented LNG FPSOs from being developed as
ALLOYS) AND OTHER ALLOYS fast as oil FPSOs. A guide on the main choices in the development
ANSI/NACE STANDARD MR0175/ISO 15156-3:2003 of a LNG FPSO is given based on a decade of development work by
[TECHNICAL CIRCULAR NO.1] 2007. (8 pp) SRLA# 849,755 CB&I Lummus. The process on a FPSO will be determined by the
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #849,755] feed gas composition and the sales spec of the LNG. For storage
................................................................ tanks both membrane and self-supporting types have their
advantages. Selection of offloading system follows from metocean
HYDROGEN SULFIDE REMOVAL 1,003,502 data: in harsher environments tandem offloading with hoses will be
the most flexible but requires dedicated carriers. First projects will
[R] METHOD FOR REMOVAL OF SULFUR-CONTAINING use side-by-side offloading with conventional carriers. Power
COMPOUND FROM NATURAL GAS generation could be dual fuel diesel engines or gas turbines; larger
Y.Kikkawa, N.Nozawa, H.Inoue and E.Sato, asrs. (Chiyoda fields favor combined cycle power plants. Safety considerations
Corp). Europe. 1,914,294A1, p. 4/23/2008, f. 6/27/2006 (Appl. should determine the layout of the FPSO. Safety and availability
06,767,758), pr. Japan 7/8/2005 (Appl. 2005-199,783) will strongly favor electric motor driven compressors. Choice of
(C10L-0003/10; B01D-0053/04; B01D-0053/14; C01B-0017/04; liquefaction process is related to capacity; small and medium size
C01B-0017/16). (16 pp) SRPA# 923,629 will strongly favor expander processes. For project approach, the
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #923,629] choice is between leased and owned units. The experience of an
................................................................ integrated design team is crucial for both. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
................................................................
INDEX OF REFRACTION 1,003,503
LIQUID LOADING 1,003,507
EFFECTS OF MOLECULAR DE-AGGREGATION ON
REFRACTIVE INDICES OF PETROLEUM-BASED FLUIDS PREDICTION OF MINIMUM FLOW RATE FOR
I.N.Evdokimov and A.P.Losev (Gubkin St Univ Oil & Gas). CONTINUOUS REMOVAL OF LIQUIDS FROM GAS WELLS
FUEL v.86, no.15, pp.2439-2445, Oct. 2007. (ISSN 0016-2361; Over [WYNOSZENIE WODY ZLOZOWEJ LUB KONDENSATU Z
10 refs) ODWIERTOW GAZOWYCH]
It is conventionally assumed that refractive index (RI) for a T.Szpunar and P.Budak (Oil & Gas Inst (Poland)). NAFTA-GAZ
crude oil, a processed fuel or any petroleum-based solution may be v.63, no.5, pp.315-320, May 2007. (ISSN 0867-8871; 5 refs; In
evaluated in an assumption of an ideal binary mixture of non- Polish)
precipitating components. However, new experimental data reveal Based on the results of this paper, equations are derived which
strong non-ideality of RI in dilute oil solutions, which we attribute relate the minimum gas flow rate required for continuous removal
to de-aggregation of asphaltenes. (c2007 Elsevier Ltd.) of liquids and wellhead pressure. A calculation procedure is
................................................................ provided which accounts for a pressure decline with time and
density of liquid laden column of gas.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 1,003,504 ................................................................
[R] AN IOC’S EXPERIENCE IN IMPLEMENTING DIGITAL MAN MADE SATELLITE 1,003,508
OILFIELD TECHNOLOGIES
J.M.Hacker (ExxonMobil Upstream Res Co). SPE DIGITAL EFFECTIVE USE OF LEO SATELLITES FOR WELL DATA
ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) COLLECTION
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-117837; Available on CD-ROM; 11 pp; R.McCoy (Baker Hughes Centrilift). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY
9 refs) SRLA# 992,305 CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009.
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #992,305] (SPE-123143; Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp; 9 refs)
................................................................ Low earth orbit (LEO) satellites are an effective method of
collecting and controlling well data from electrical submersible

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
pumping (ESP) systems and other instrumentation from a global also validated them with generalized material balance calculations.
perspective. Utilizing intelligent remote systems, the data is To develop the new corrections, the authors modified existing
gathered from the well and then compressed for transmission over solution gas-oil ratio, oil formation volume factor, and gas formation
LEO provided IP data paths. The data paths are very bandwidth volume factor correlations to increase their accuracy when used
efficient for small data payloads. After transmission, this data is with gas condensates and volatile oils. The new correlations have
then decompressed in a server application (HCG) and made an accuracy within 10.4% for gas condensate and 15% for volatile
available to a SCADA server. Using the push data scenario for a oil samples used in this study.
report by exception is very successful with hundreds of installs. ................................................................
This creates a plug and play, true LEO global system without
modifications to the SCADA system, historians, or visualization PLUNGER LIFT 1,003,513
applications. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
[R] METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVING LIQUID
................................................................
FROM A GAS WELL
MEXICO 1,003,509 (BP Exploration Oper Co Ltd). Europe. 1,916,380A1, p.
4/30/2008, f. 10/24/2006 (Appl. 06,255,476) (E21B-0043/12;
ENERGY MAP OF MEXICO (2008 EDITION) F04B-0047/12). (11 pp) SRPA# 967,277
PETROLEUM ECONOMIST v.75, no.1 (suppl), Jan. 2008. [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #967,277]
(ISSN 0306-395X; ISBN 1-86186-203-2; 1 plate) ................................................................
This energy map of Mexico is third-generation mapping, with
high-definition satellite derived imagery. Mapping content includes PRODUCTION ALLOCATION 1,003,514
oil and gas fields; oil, gas and product pipelines, existing, under
PRODUCTION ALLOCATION AND ACCOUNTING -
construction and planned; oil refineries, gas processing plants,
SHARPEN THE VISION
tanker terminals and oil storage facilities; planned LNG import
M.Smith (Ensyte Energy Software Int). UPSTREAM
terminals; and electricity power network with power stations by
TECHNOLOGY v.2, no.11, pp.40-42, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 1258-2244)
fuel type. Data and tables are presented for oil and gas reserves;
Strategic and tactical execution challenges, from exploration
production and consumption over past 10 years; consumption by
through financial accounting, require timely information to sharpen
fuel type; LNG projects; and oil and gas trade from/to Mexico.
the vision and seek improvements. Specific business processes
There are inset maps for Bahia de Campeche, northeast Mexico and
relating to finding and developing reserves, optimizing operations
the Yucatan Peninsula.
and performing financial accounting accentuate the challenges.
................................................................
Managing producing assets from field data acquisition through
OIL TREATING (FIELD) 1,003,510 revenue settlement with first purchasers to achieve the highest
operation margin is the crux of the optimizing tasks. The principal
THE IMPACT OF MULTIPHASE BEHAVIOUR ON COKE key performance indicator (KPI) is to increase the margin between
DEPOSITION IN HEAVY OIL HYDROPROCESSING revenue and expenses. This and other KPIs are addressed with
CATALYSTS efficient information management tools that treat the operations
X.Zhang (Alberta Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2006; DISSERTATION and marketing business process as an integrated system.
ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B v.68, no.2, p.1145-B, Production allocation pertains to the management of volumes and
Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; ISBN 978-0-494-23134-0; Order energy, whereas production accounting pertains to managing the
no.DANR23134; 164 pp; Abstract only) full business cycle from production volumes through reporting
[Abstract available from T.U.] revenue, expenses and margin for each production asset. In this
................................................................ context, production allocation is a subset of the production
accounting system.
PARAFFIN DEPOSITION 1,003,511 ................................................................
EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS AND MODELLING PRODUCTION AUTOMATION 1,003,515
DISCUSSIONS ON WAX DEPOSITION USING A BENCH
TOP FLOW FACILITY THE PROMISE AND CHALLENGES OF DIGITAL OILFIELD
G.Sucre, C.Sarica, H.Chen, E.Dellecase and M.Volk (Tulsa SOLUTIONS - LESSONS LEARNED FROM GLOBAL
Univ). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH IMPLEMENTATIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) S.Sankaran, J.Lugo, A.Awasthi and G.Mijares (Halliburton).
PROCEEDINGS pp.307-321, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX,
available on CD-ROM; Over 10 refs) 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122855; Available on
A new bench top facility with a rectangular duct test section CD-ROM; 13 pp; Over 10 refs)
was designed and constructed to allow direct visual observation of Digital oil field (DOF) in the oil and gas industry has gained
the paraffin deposition under flowing conditions. An optical sensor momentum in the last few years and has transformed from being a
was used to obtain deposit thicknesses. five tests were run to vision to projects that have measurable value. The promise of DOF
determine the dependency of the deposition phenomenon on flow has motivated many oil and gas operators and service companies to
rate. As expected, the deposit thickness decreased while the wax now establish corporate initiatives and associated business
content of the deposit increased as the flow rate increased. A clear programs to develop and deploy DOF solutions. Many major capital
change in the deposition rate was found when the flow changed projects are already evaluating the feasibility of DOF in the early
from laminar to turbulent. However, the total mass of deposited stages of the project decision process as part of the operational
wax showed that changes in flow rate did not have an impact on philosophy. This paper describes the challenges faced in DOF
amount of wax incorporated into the deposit. implementations by Halliburton and the current industry status.
................................................................ The case studies presented highlight these issues and practical
lessons learned about addressing these issues using novel solutions
PHASE BEHAVIOR 1,003,512 and delivering value through adopting best practices. The paper
also provides an insight into future trends and areas of
NEW CORRELATIONS CALCULATE VOLATILE OIL, GAS
development, addressing areas of challenges that still must be
CONDENSATE PVT PROPERTIES
resolved. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
K.A.Fattah, A.H.El-Banbi and M.H.Sayyouh (King Saud Univ;
................................................................
Schlumberger; Cairo Univ). OIL & GAS JOURNAL v.107, no.20,
pp.41-46, 5/25/2009. (ISSN 0030-1388; Over 10 refs) PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,516
New correlations provide modified black-oil (MBO) pressure-
volume-temperature (PVT) properties when fluid samples are REAL TIME PRODUCTION MONITORING UNCOVERS
unavailable. One can use the correlations in generalized material POTENTIAL FOR RECOVERY OPTIMIZATION, FIELD
balance calculations and MBO simulations. The new correlations CASE STUDY, WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT
match the fluid properties of a selected database and the authors K.M.Hanafy and T.A.Elsherif (Gulf of Suez Petroleum Co;

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
Schlumberger). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW reservoir models to continuously optimize the overall operation.
AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) (Copyright 2009 SPE)
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119361; Available on CD-ROM; 4 pp) ................................................................
Optimization of an oil producer is not as easy as it might seem
to be. This boom in technology application permitted a high margin PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,519
of investments to optimize wells/fields production and gave
DATA DRIVEN SURVEILLANCE AND OPTIMIZATION
production/reservoir engineers a good hand in obtaining better data
R.Cramer, K.C.Goh, M.Dolan and C.Moncur (Shell Global
for decision making. The most important parts of well/field
Solutions Inc). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston,
production optimization are identifying candidates and recognizing
TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122554; Available
potentials needed to have efficient reservoir/production data. The
on CD-ROM; 10 pp; 7 refs)
whole process starts with formation inflow performance which
Traditionally, individual well oil, gas and water production is
determines how far we can go with this formation without
measured periodically, e.g., monthly, using shared well test
production problems such as water coning, erosion induced by solid
facilities. Consequently, oil and gas production from a cluster of
production, etc. In this paper, we are illustrating the various steps
wells is difficult to manage, leading to late diagnosis of production
that we have taken to optimize a well producing from a naturally
problems and slow and conservative handling of production
fractured carbonate reservoir with active water drive. Using a
constraints. FieldWare Production Universe (FW PU) is a software
combination of modern technologies in combination with real-time
application developed by Shell that provides continuous real time
production monitoring systems, we were able to double this well
estimates of well-by-well oil, water and gas production. FieldWare
production without encountering any problems, in addition
PU estimates are based on data-driven models constructed and
capturing pressure transient data which enabled us to manipulate
updated from production well tests and real time production data.
this success story with the rest of the wells in that field. (Copyright
This paper will discuss use of FieldWare PU for continuous
2009 SPE)
optimization by predicting changes to overall and individual well
................................................................
production as a result of changes to individual well production
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,517 chokes, lift-gas rates or other similar set-points to maximize an
objective function subject to various well and overall production
THE COMBINATION OF ESP AND VX TECHNOLOGY constraints. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
TOWARDS SAGD WELL PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION ................................................................
B.G.Pinguet, E.Guerra and C.Drever (Schlumberger). 6TH
BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,520
AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008)
REALIZING VALUE FROM REAL TIME WELL
MONITORING IN GREENFIELD ASSETS
available on CD-ROM; 3 refs)
D.R.Feineman (BP America). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY
The objective of this paper is to present the results of the
CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009.
optimization of SAGD (steam-assisted gravity drainage) wells
(SPE-122676; Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp; 7 refs)
operated with electrical submersible pumps (ESP) through a
BP’s proprietary Integrated Surveillance Information System
multiphase flow meter based on Vx technology. This paper will
(ISIS) was deployed globally starting in 2006. The system delivers
present how in real-time it is possible to optimize the production
well performance data to petroleum engineers in field and office
through the frequency control of the pump and to improve the oil
sites in near real time. The paper presents two case studies on
flow rate. Optimization leads in this case to longer life-cycle and in
implementing remote well performance monitoring on two
some cases to re-dimension of the ESP (upscaling or downscaling).
Greenfield assets in Africa and Asia where distance, national
These different topics will be addressed from a practical point of
culture, and language differences must be addressed as part of a
view and complementary as knowledge sharing. Many of the
technology rollout. Based on the case studies, there is evidence that
operative commercial SAGD wells in Western Canada are
Greenfield assets can adopt new ways of working and technology
completed with ESP due to the low reservoir pressure encountered
that allows them to surpass the performance on similar Brownfield
in the oil sands, and the properties of the produced fluids, which are
projects. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
extra heavy oil (EHO)/bitumen. The implementation of Vx
................................................................
technology as a means of flow rate metering provides fast and
accurate results since no stabilization of flow periods is required. PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,521
................................................................
AUTOMATED, "BY EXCEPTION" WELL SURVEILLANCE: A
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,518 KEY TO MAXIMIZING OIL PRODUCTION
P.Schipperijn, R.Thavarajah, A.Simonato and M.Mehdizadeh
CHANGING THE OPERATION OF OIL AND GAS FIELDS
(Chevron Energy Technol Co; Chevron North America E&P; Science
FROM "HARVEST" TO "PROCESS" MODE
Applicat Int Corp). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE
R.Cramer and J.Roger (Shell Global Solutions; Weatherford).
(Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123145;
SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX,
The increased need to maximize production from mature assets
CD-ROM; 14 pp)
has resulted in the transformation of the oilfield surveillance
The traditional operations sequence of events is to drill,
workflow. The new data-driven workflow requires a tool to support
complete, and then flow wells to production at a reasonable rate,
a review by exception process through the automated identification
and the process will yield what Mother Nature delivers. This is
and prioritization of exception wells. The primary benefit of
what we refer to as harvest mode. The problem with this approach
incorporating the surveillance tool in an integrated workflow is to
is that the production is invariably sub-optimal. Tools exist to look
shorten decision time and improve the quality of the decision
at the operation as an integrated process whereby the reservoir,
through an automated process. Developed in San Joaquin Valley
well, and the entire surface facilities are modeled/monitored to
under the i-field initiative which espouses business transformation
optimize production from each well and the field/reservoir as a
to the digital oilfield of the future, the tool’s main role is to classify
whole. This is what we refer to as process mode. This paper will
and diagnose well performance. It accomplishes this by encoding
discuss underlying problems, experiences and plans that operators
customer-derived business rules in a multi-channel framework.
and service companies have in this area of production operations.
Using a sequential, frame-based expert system as the classification
The key to moving to aforementioned process model is to properly
engine provided a superior diagnostic capability while limiting the
monitor and/or measure the production from the wells. Some
number of unique diagnoses to maintain to an acceptable level. A
operators developed simple pressure and pressure drop monitoring
web-based UI provided the user extensive filtering, sorting, and
systems to help detect when well tests must be re-run, as opposed
drill-down capability by which to quickly identify and diagnose
to routine testing. Many other operators have used individual well
problem wells. Deployment of the tool with the new integrated
monitoring or individual well testing. Finally, one operator is
workflow has led to a 30% increase in the number of wells and
looking at using well monitoring and updating the surface and
patterns reviewed. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
................................................................
PRODUCING OIL & GAS
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,522 aggregated from real-time systems and business systems,
accessible to different functions, provides a collaborative
ANOMALY-DRIVEN ENGINEERING EMPOWERED BY A environment to enable quicker and more profitable decision
CENTRAL SURVEILLANCE CENTER making. In this paper, we will present the underlying technical
J.M.Brutz (Shell Explor & Prod Co). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY foundations that make the integration possible and explore the
CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. integrated work processes that are now enabled. (Copyright 2009
(SPE-123147; Available on CD-ROM; 7 pp) SPE)
A central surveillance center, designed to conduct routine ................................................................
surveillance on reservoirs, wells, facilities, and subsea systems, has
been developed. Surveillance engineers, control-room operators, PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,525
and information technology analysts staff the center. Centralizing
routine surveillance enables cross-asset sharing of top surveillance A SUCCESSFUL APPROACH IN INTEGRATING PEOPLE,
techniques, develops staff’s surveillance competence, and allows PROCESS, AND TECHNOLOGY INSIDE COLLABORATIVE
asset-focused engineers to ensure project delivery. The center’s ENVIRONMENTS: A PRACTICAL VIEW OF CHALLENGES
software toolkit enables event identification, surveillance execution, AND LESSONS LEARNED
and systematic history documentation. An advanced alarm tool and D.Derenzi, P.S.de Sousa, S.A.de Oliveira, M.A.N.Herdeiro,
a web-based workflow tool enable the routine surveillance J.R.Albernaz and A.Valadares (Accenture; Petroleo Brasileiro SA).
conducted by the center’s staff. The alarm tool allows staff to focus SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX,
on events by exception, and the workflow tool ensures a consistent 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123287; Available on
set of surveillance measures are conducted for each event. All CD-ROM; 10 pp; 8 refs)
events and analysis are stored in a searchable online database to In 2005, Petrobras created a corporate program named GeDIg,
facilitate analysis of future events. (Copyright 2009 SPE) designed to guide and implement digital integrated field
................................................................ management among its production assets. The Barracuda and
Caratinga (BRC) asset was chosen as one of Rio de Janeiro business
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,523 unit pilots. This asset is composed of two offshore deep-water oil
fields, where two twin FPSOs produce a total of approximately
A WORKFLOW-BASED APPROACH TO REAL-TIME 200,000 bpd of oil. Management and technical teams from BRC are
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION geographically dispersed among four different locations: the asset’s
S.Barbarino, J.Alvarez, M.A.Lozada and F.Diaz (Merrick headquarters in Rio de Janeiro, the logistics and operations base in
Systems Inc; Petroleos Mexicanos). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY Macae, and the two offshore production units. Collaborative
CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. environments (CE) were implemented in each site to connect and
(SPE-123205; Available on CD-ROM; 4 pp; 3 refs) integrate those teams. The GeDIg-BRC pilot project, initiated in
This paper explores the results of one operator’s successful October 2006, was divided into five different areas: real time
implementation of a workflow-based solution to real-time production operations monitoring, integrated planning, process
production surveillance and optimization of a large offshore field. In design, change management, and collaborative environment design
particular, we will provide an overview of one of the more complex and construction. A major challenge faced during the
workflows addressed, real-time model-based gas lift optimization implementation of the GeDIg-BRC solution, was making the whole
for the asset. Details of the workflow and total value proposition integration proposed by the collaborative environments become a
are examined, demonstrating the possibilities and return on reality. This paper’s objective is to describe the challenges faced by
investment (ROI) potential of new data integration and workflow the asset’s team and the lessons learned during the process of
technologies. With a system characterized by large pressure designing and effectively implementing the asset’s collaborative
fluctuations in the surface network, previous attempts to achieve environment and its customized support tool--the collaborative
model-based optimization using manual processes had struggled portal. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
with the high frequency of updates needed to maintain the models ................................................................
in an "evergreen" state. Utilizing a combination of techniques such
as surveillance-by-exception, automated model validation, and PRODUCTION PLATFORM 1,003,526
assisted model updates, the new approach allows the operator to re-
optimize gas allocations to the field’s more than 200 producing SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RELEASING A BARGE FROM
wells and 70 platforms, at a 12-hour frequency. This frequency of A TOPSIDE DURING A FLOAT-OVER INSTALLATION
re-optimization is sufficient to maintain the system at a maximum L.D.Finn, asr. (Horton Technologies LLC). U.S.
stabilized production rate. The solution is currently in operation, 2009/0,003,937A1, p. 1/1/2009, f. 6/27/2008 (Appl. 163,218), pr. U.S.
and has provided a sustained production improvement to the field. 6/27/2007 (Appl. 60/946,647) (E02B-0017/00). (8 pp)
(Copyright 2009 SPE) A quick-release system for coupling a topside for a fixed or
................................................................ floating platform and a barge for float-over installation of the
topside is disclosed. The quick-release system comprises one or
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION 1,003,524 more releasable connections, each releasable connection configured
to support at least a fraction of the weight of the barge and to be
INTEGRATED BUSINESS PROCESSES IN PRODUCTION remotely actuated to allow the barge to decouple from the topside.
OPERATIONS In some embodiments, the quick-release system comprises two
S.Lauzon and G.Broadway (SAP). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY plates, one coupled to the topside and the other coupled to the
CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. barge, and a plurality of bolts extending therebetween. A frangible
(SPE-123252; Available on CD-ROM; 6 pp; 4 refs) nut is coupled to each bolt. The quick-release system is actuatable
The paper will present an approach to integrating business by an electric signal that causes the frangible nuts to fracture and
processes across different functional silos in a production the barge to subsequently be released from the topside. The method
operations environment on a real-time basis: planning, well may be applied to both fixed and floating production platforms.
performance, allocation and accounting, maintenance and ................................................................
reliability, safety and compliance, etc. Existing integration is often
brittle point-to-point integration that is difficult to maintain when PRODUCTION PLATFORM 1,003,527
systems or applications at either end change. While this type of
integration has allowed for a certain increase in efficiencies [R] SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ALIGNING AND
through automation, the future is to look beyond data integration ENGAGING A TOPSIDE TO A FLOATING SUBSTRUCTURE
to business process integration, bringing tighter integration L.D.Finn, asr. (Horton Technologies LLC). U.S.
between production processes and business processes, not just 2009/0,003,936A1, p. 1/1/2009, f. 6/27/2008 (Appl. 163,198), pr. U.S.
systems and applications, closer to real-time. Application and key 6/27/2007 (Appl. 60/946,647) (E02B-0017/00). (9 pp) SRPA#
metric information can be presented to reflect the different roles in 1,003,526
an organization, and can be rolled-up to an enterprise level, or [For abstract, see Abstract #1,003,526]
drilled down to a production unit level. Common views and data ................................................................

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
PUMP PERFORMANCE 1,003,528 using the setup and model developed during this experimental
program. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
PREDICTIVE CONDITION MONITORING FOR SUBSEA ................................................................
PUMPING SYSTEMS
K.Eriksson, G.Homstvedt, H.Melboe and A.Gillespie (Aker RISER PIPE 1,003,531
Solutions). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09]
(Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN EFFECT OF REMOLDING AND RECONSOLIDATION ON
978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19872; Available on CD-ROM; 23 pp; 4 THE TOUCHDOWN STIFFNESS OF A STEEL CATENARY
refs) RISER: OBSERVATIONS FROM CENTRIFUGE MODELING
For subsea pumps, regular maintenance is required M.Hodder, D.White and M.Cassidy (Western Australia Univ).
approximately every 5 years. Being able to plan this intervention OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston,
to be just in time will reduce downtime, and optimize production TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
enhancement. Being able to state with certainty whether a pump, OTC-19871; Available on CD-ROM; 21 pp; Over 10 refs)
for example, can be allowed to run one extra year (i.e., 6 years Steel catenary risers (SCR) can be economical to construct and
instead of 5), gives reduced downtime. Such techniques have been install compared to conventional vertical risers. However, accurate
applied to topside systems for a long time and are now being evaluation of the fatigue life of an SCR remains a major challenge
extended to subsea systems. A data monitoring system with due to uncertainty surrounding the interaction forces where the
algorithms for monitoring certain key performance indicators for a riser touches down on the seabed. Fatigue life predictions for the
pumping system has been developed and applied, and is used to pipe in the vicinity of the touchdown zone (TDZ) are heavily
determine time to service. Three subsea pumping systems are used dependent on the assumed vertical stiffness between the riser and
as real examples, with results from system testing and operation. the seabed. For accurate fatigue life predictions to be made, a
Subsea data networks with self-healing capabilities are briefly reliable evaluation of the seabed stiffness is required. This paper
described. (Copyright 2009 OTC) describes a series of model tests that were conducted within the
................................................................ University of Western Australia’s geotechnical beam centrifuge.
These tests aimed to assess typical vertical stiffness values during
RESERVOIR SOURING 1,003,529 large and small amplitude cycles of riser motion, and the influence
of remolding and reconsolidation effects. It is shown that the
UNDERSTANDING OF OILFIELD SOURING AND vertical pipe-soil stiffness rapidly reduces during an episode of
EFFECTIVE MONITORING: TWO CASE STUDIES large-amplitude cyclic motion, with a steady cyclic stiffness being
A.Nengkoda, M.Mandhari, M.Hajri, H.Barhi, L.Qasmi and reached within ca 10 cycles as the soil remolds. Episodes of
R.Hofland (Petroleum Development Oman; Shell). 16TH SPE reconsolidation are found to create a significant increase in vertical
MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS pipe-soil stiffness. This recovery can lead to a pipe-soil stiffness
2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. that exceeds the initial intact stiffness (prior to remolding). The
(SPE-118798; Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp; 6 refs) implications for design are summarized. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
Since June 2001, water has been injected in the X oilfield ................................................................
Sultanate of Oman for EOR purposes. The water supply sources
were used through four dedicated injection wells in 2003. By the RISER PIPE 1,003,532
end of April 2003, the injection water source was switched to
produce water, and the production wells suddenly turned to QUALIFICATION OF THE GROUPED SLOR [SINGLE LINE
produced high H2S, while the well injectivity declined around 50%. OFFSET RISER] SYSTEM
Meanwhile, in the Y oilfield, when discovered, the field was found D.Karunakaran, D.Lee and J.Mair (Subsea 7). OFFSHORE
to be sour. Occasional monitoring confirmed high H2S levels to TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX,
prevail, but also showed an alarming increase with time. The 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
materials used in the X and down stream receiving facilities are not OTC-19899; Available on CD-ROM; 15 pp; 5 refs)
NACE 175 souring compliant and H2S released is a safety hazard. The growing trend of deep and ultra deepwater developments
Beginning in December 2005, the production chemistry and a necessitates the use of risers that will give good stress response and
reservoir study have initiated integrated H2S monitoring and fatigue performance, and be able to optimise field architecture to
implemented a mitigation program by improving H2S onsite accommodate complex and congested seabed layouts. In order to
measurement and method revision, adopted instrument calibration achieve this, Subsea 7 and 2H Offshore have developed the
accuracy, established frequent surveillance teams, investigated the Grouped SLOR, a hybrid riser solution which captures the above
cause of souring by sulphur isotope methodology for both fields, and stringent riser requirements and maintains maximum operability
monitored the produced solid. Overall, this improved business in deepwater developments at water depths greater than 700 m.
performance, HSE awareness and saved the plant upgrade costs. The Grouped SLOR consists of individual free standing risers,
Finally, in November 2008, there was just a trace level of H2S from SLOR(TM) and/or COR(TM) grouped together by a buoyant guide
the X field and the area is safe for full field development. frame tethered down at either ends to suction piles. Connection
(Copyright 2009 SPE) between the host vessel and the SLOR(TM) or COR(TM) is provided
................................................................ by a flexible jumper from a gooseneck located at the top of the riser
assembly. The paper describes the technical developments, key
RISER PIPE 1,003,530 features of the riser system, and the qualification programs that
have been performed to validate the robustness of this concept and
DEVELOPMENT OF FLEXIBLE RISERS MONITORING design. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
METHODOLOGY USING ACOUSTIC EMISSION ................................................................
TECHNOLOGY
S.D.Soares, C.S.Camerini and J.Marcio Castilho Santos SANTOS BASIN 1,003,533
(Petrobras Research Center). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY
CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009) PRE-SALT SANTOS BASIN - EXTENDED WELL TEST AND
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19863; PRODUCTION PILOT IN THE TUPI AREA: THE PLANNING
Available on CD-ROM; 5 pp; 2 refs) PHASE
Deep water oil and gas exploitation in Brazil has considerably C.M.F.Nakano, A.C.C.Pinto, J.L.Marcusso and K.Minami
increased the utilization of flexible pipes in conjunction with (Petroleo Brasileiro SA). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY
floating production systems. Acoustic emission is a nondestructive CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009)
testing technique that could be used for detection of tensile armour PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19886;
wire rupture, which is a critical failure mode of flexible risers. This Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp; 3 refs)
paper describes the experimental program implemented including This paper describes how Petrobras is assessing the realistic
laboratory results, field experience and the model to define if there pre-salt potential of the Santos Basin, offshore Brazil, in water
is armour wire rupture. It was concluded that acoustic emission can depths between 1,900 and 2,400 m (6,230 and 7,870 ft). Three
be used as a tool to help the integrity assessment of flexible risers integrated ultra fast-track projects were planned to start

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
production of the giant pre-salt reservoirs in an area known as high riser. It was found that throttling was the more effective of the
Tupi. The carbonate reservoirs in this area contain an estimated two methods. However, if the valve opening was reduced beyond a
recoverable volume between 0.8 and 1.27 billion cu m (5 and 8 certain value, oscillation increased instead of reduced. Eventually,
billion barrels) of a 28° API crude, with high GOR and a CO2 it led to severe slugging-like behaviour, termed over-choking
content in the dissolved gas of 8-12 vol%. They are located below a induced slugging (OIS). It is important that OIS can be recognised
2,000 m (6,560 ft) salt layer, in vertical depths around 5,000 m by slug control systems as opposite control action is required.
(16,400 ft) from the sea level. Besides the good expectations based Failing to detect OIS could lead to shutdown of the whole system.
on the seismic interpretation and geologic modeling, the two wells ................................................................
drilled in the area presented good productivities in the well tests,
pushing Petrobras and its partners to implement the fast track STEAM TURBINE 1,003,537
production projects. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
RETROFITTING STEAM TURBINES WITH WAVY-FACE
................................................................
DRY-RUNNING SEALS
SCREW PUMP 1,003,534 N.Al-Otaibi and A.Alkhowaiter (Saudi Aramco).
HYDROCARBON PROCESSING v.87, no.8,
PRESSURE BUILD-UP AND GAP FLOWS IN MULTIPHASE pp.59-60,62,64,66,68,70, Aug. 2008. (ISSN 0018-8190; 3 refs)
SCREW PUMPS Steam turbine users worldwide have one thing in common:
A.Scharf, G.Aleksieva, J.Lewerenz, M.Reichwage and D.Mewes constant steam leakage from the turbine seal gland area and the
(Hannover Univ; Bornemann Pumps). 6TH BHR GROUP 24-hour continuous loss of expensive steam condensate to the
MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN environment. To operators, this means that online maintenance
CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS activities are a hazard due to steam leakages, and the turbines
pp.103-116, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; have a long list of reliability problems due to contamination of the
Over 10 refs) bearing housings with condensate. For general-purpose turbines,
Multiphase screw pumps are used for the delivery of gas-liquid- the standard sealing method for the past 100 years has been
flows even at high gas rates. In order to estimate their delivering segmented carbon rings, with close running clearance to the shaft.
behaviour, a model is derived which is based on mass and energy This article discusses the successful experience at a Saudi Aramco
balances for single closed chambers formed by the intermeshing Oil Company gas/oil processing facility, with upgrading standard
and counter-rotating screws. Thereby, the pressure profiles inside seals to wavy-face noncontacting seals on general-purpose steam
the pumps are predicted, which determine the mechanical loads to turbine applications. The unique design and inherent reliability
the rotating and static components as well as the delivered volume features of the noncontacting seals are explained, including details
flows. In order to verify the calculated results, the pressure profiles such as shop fabrication, field installation, economic payback and
are measured along the inside of the cylindrical casing in resulting mean-time-between-failures. Overall, the major benefits
dependence of several characteristic operating modes of multiphase have been a significant increase in thermal efficiency due to 99%
screw pumps. sealing efficiency, a jump in seal MTBF from 1.5 years to 5 years
................................................................ minimum, and a very maintenance-friendly environment around
the turbine.
SCREW PUMP 1,003,535 ................................................................
BROWN FIELD REVITALIZATION USING SMALL TWIN- STRANDED NATURAL GAS 1,003,538
SCREW MULTIPHASE PUMPS
D.Muller-Link, G.Rohlfing, R.Linck and J.Heinr (Bornemann CONCEPT SAFETY RISK ASSESSMENT OF FLOATING
GmbH). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGIES
NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) E.J.Kolodziej, C.H.Chiu, C.Rubiano and M.C.Livingston
PROCEEDINGS pp.117-124, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also (Chevron Energy Technol Co; WS Atkins Inc). OFFSHORE
available on CD-ROM; 6 refs) TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX,
Today’s increasing demand for energy calls for a number of 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
different measures to be taken in oil and gas production. Brown OTC-19855; Available on CD-ROM; 14 pp; 4 refs)
fields often suffer from low wellhead pressures, making them To recover stranded gas in remote, offshore reservoirs,
unable to flow to the required first stage separation plant. companies are looking to novel designs to economically develop
Moreover, as intermediate gathering stations may have been closed these recoverable energy supplies. Three novel floating
and dismantled due to an overall decreased production, even longer technologies that have been proposed to bring these energy supplies
flowlines will lead to a higher pressure demand. Increased water to the world markets include floating LNG (FLNG), compressed
content renders additional challenges because of higher pressure natural gas (CNG), and floating gas to liquids (FGTL). While the
losses. In addition, manpower in the fields has been reduced, giving floating plant designs are often greatly influenced by the
a high rank on availability for new equipment to be installed. limitations of the installation’s configuration (optimizing space,
Multiphase pumps are particularly suited to help in overcoming volume and weights against economics), these limitations can also
these issues. Their ability to add energy to the untreated contribute to the on-board personnel’s safety risks. These compact,
wellstream, while reducing the wellhead pressure creates an congested and remote designs can expose personnel to increased
entirely different pressure regime in the production system. While risks from both hydrocarbon (loss of containment events, escalation
downhole inflow performance is enhanced, differential pressure to fire/explosion or evacuation risks) and non-hydrocarbon risks
across downhole pumps is decreased and at the very system end the (helicopter and marine transportation, ship collisions, certain
gas delivery pressure is increased. occupational risks). One method of minimizing personnel risk is to
................................................................ conduct a concept risk assessment (CRA) early in the design
selection process. A CRA is a systematic, consistent, and reasonably
SLUG FLOW 1,003,536 simple assessment, whose methodology is based on that of more
detailed quantitative risk assessments (QRAs) and other detailed
COMPARISONS BETWEEN SEVERE SLUG MITIGATION
hazard risk analyses. Because the CRA is a screening tool, it
METHODS BY INCREASING BACKPRESSURE AND
estimates comparative risks among individual design concepts.
THROTTLING RISER OUTLET VALVE
This CRA methodology was applied to generic FLNG, CNG, and
H.Yeung, Y.Cao and L.Lao (Cranfield Univ). 6TH BHR GROUP
FGTL technology concepts. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN
................................................................
pp.385-394, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; SUBSALT 1,003,539
7 refs)
In this paper, the effectiveness of increasing the back pressure CHALLENGES AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE
and choking the riser outlet valve on mitigating severe slugging DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRE-SALT CLUSTER, SANTOS
was experimentally investigated using the Cranfield 4-in., 11-m BASIN, BRAZIL

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
R.L.C.Beltrao, C.L.Sombra, A.C.V.M.Lage, J.R.Fagundes Netto their bottom line. Companies that have embarked on the journey
and C.C.D.Henriques (Petroleo Brasileiro SA). OFFSHORE toward production improvements are at a turning point. They have
TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, seen the early benefits from investing in asset management
5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; technologies and now are looking for ways to leverage operational
OTC-19880; Available on CD-ROM; 11 pp; Over 10 refs) metrics in conjunction with financial metrics to optimize
Pre-salt carbonate reservoirs from Santos Basin represent a performance across the enterprise. Asset performance management
great opportunity and probably the most important recent oil (APM), which empowers decision-making and aligns operations,
discovery. Tupi area (estimated to have recoverable volume of 5 to 8 maintenance and business strategies, is the focus of this paper--an
bboe), which is the most known amongst several other leads in the information-enabled APM solution aligns data throughout the
cluster, is going to be a great insight for the production project. enterprise with automated analytics, enabling more accurate
From the production point of view, this new frontier has decision-making while helping to achieve optimum performance.
technological challenges that are being addressed by Petrobras and (Copyright 2009 OTC)
partners. This paper addresses the most critical points where ................................................................
Petrobras is concentrating research and development (R&D) effort.
(1) Well technology, where casing stability, well cost and SURFACE CHOKE 1,003,542
productivity are addressed, in a scenario of water depths beyond
SHELL SMART CHOKE: SLUG SUPPRESSION
2,200 m, target depths greater than 5,000 m, crossing salt layers
EXPERIENCE IN THE GULF OF MEXICO
that can reach 2,000 m in thickness. (2) Poorly known microbial
R.Lacy, J.Germanese, G.Haandrikman and P.Manfield (Shell
carbonate reservoir, heterogeneous in vertical profile, spread over
Global Solutions Inc; Shell Explor & Prod Co; Shell Global Solut Int
large areas, with wettability concerns, requiring careful evaluation
BV; Shell Malaysia). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE
of the performance of the waterflooding method and EOR. (3) Wax
TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff,
deposition, due to low temperature in the ocean bottom, imposing
Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS pp.375-384, 2008. (ISBN
limitations to the subsea layout. (4) Gas processing and exporting
1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; 3 refs)
technologies concerning environmental issues such as CO2 compact
Slugging problems in offshore flowline-riser systems are often
removal units to minimize emissions to the atmosphere. (5)
experienced in maturing fields, when gas production decreases and
Production units placed in more than 2,000 m water depth, with
watercut increases. A common solution is to use a topside choke to
severe oceanic conditions and dealing with high CO2 content
suppress the slugging. Unfortunately, topside choking results in
production stream. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
increased backpressure leading to production deferment. Shell has
................................................................
recently developed a new slug mitigation technology--the Shell
SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEM 1,003,540 Smart Choke. This technology performs active flow control by
combining a fast actuating boarding choke with an advanced
ANALYSIS OF MULTIPHASE FLOW INSTABILITIES IN control scheme that reacts to changes in the passage of liquid, gas,
THE GIRASSOL DEEP OFFSHORE PRODUCTION SYSTEM or mixed flow. Recent experiences with the implemented Shell
E.Zakarian and D.Larrey (Total E&P). 6TH BHR GROUP Smart Chokes in the Gulf of Mexico are discussed showing the
MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN improvements obtained with the technology.
CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS ................................................................
10 refs) TAHITI FIELD 1,003,543
After over six years as operator of Girassol, a deepwater oil field
TAHITI DEVELOPMENT OVERVIEW
development in Angola, Total has acquired a large amount of data
B.R.Varnado (Chevron). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY
and strong experience in deep offshore production. The subsea
CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009)
production system of Girassol includes several conventional subsea
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19856;
loops connected to an FPSO by 1350 m water depth. Gas can be
injected at the base of the production risers for activation and flow
Tahiti represents one of the largest discoveries in Gulf of
stabilization. To ensure efficient topside processing, hydraulic
Mexico deepwater with an estimated total recoverable resource of
stability of the multiphase feed stream is one of the key issues for
400 to 500 million barrels of oil equivalent. Covering portions of
operators. However, when flowing conditions are modified,
Green Canyon OCS blocks 640, 641, 596 and 597, the Tahiti Field is
undesirable hydraulic instabilities may occur in a production line
located in 4,100 to 4,300 ft of water. Tahiti reservoirs are sub-salt,
and cause significant flow rate fluctuations at the riser outlet. We
deep and high pressure. This paper will provide an overview of
describe these instabilities from field measurements and propose
Tahiti development from discovery to concept selection through
their classification between riser-induced slugging and
execution and will briefly note several technology challenges.
hydrodynamic/terrain-induced slugging. Their analysis is
Chevron USA, Inc. is operator of the Tahiti development with 58%
performed with the support of dynamic multiphase simulation,
working interest. StatoilHydro (25%) and Total E&P USA (17%)
including slug tracking.
are joint venture partners. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
................................................................
................................................................
SUBSEA PRODUCTION SYSTEM 1,003,541
TAHITI FIELD 1,003,544
ASSET PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT HELPS OIL AND
TAHITI SPAR AS A WET TREE CONCEPT
GAS COMPANIES INCREASE ASSET AVAILABILITY,
P.Griffin, H.Thompson, T.Weaver and R.Burke (Chevron;
IMPROVE UPTIME AND EMPOWER MORE INTELLIGENT
Technip USA). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC
DECISION MAKING
09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN
E.S.Fidler (Rockwell Automation). OFFSHORE
978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19857; Available on CD-ROM; 12 pp; 2
TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX,
refs)
5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
This paper will address the advantages and challenges involved
OTC-19890; Available on CD-ROM; 5 pp; 8 refs)
in designing a truss spar for wet tree application. The spar has
Exploration and production systems operate in harsh
traditionally been used as a dry tree concept with top tensioned
environments with a persistent danger of catastrophe or loss.
production risers. Chevron’s Tahiti project in the Gulf of Mexico will
Process systems handle harsh fluids that stress bearings, seals and
be the first wet tree truss spar. For Tahiti, the favorable motions
the metallurgy of moving parts. The wet, highly saline environment
characteristics of the spar enabled successful fatigue design of the
of sub-sea production magnifies these challenges and pressures to
sour service HPHT steel catenary risers without use of corrosion
the system, which are far greater than the dryer atmospheric
resistance alloys. Use of polyester mooring significantly improved
pressure that surface facilities experience. Acquiring the right
hull vortex induced motions response to loop currents relative to
information to lengthen the life span and improve the availability
traditional chain-wire-chain mooring and enabled SCR departure
of production assets, including rotating equipment, is fundamental
angles to be reduced. HPHT production risers were hung off using
for oil and gas companies seeking to improve production and boost

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
pull tubes, which simplified riser installation and eliminated devices on a flowline to measure the flowline buckling, a
uncertainties related to performance of flex joints under HPHT phenomenon that is predicted during repeated start up/shut down.
conditions. Challenges for a wet tree truss spar design include The project goals are two-fold. (1) Understand fundamental
increased hull density and float-off requirements due to smaller hydrodynamic behavior of SCRs and flowlines, specifically, floater
moonpool dimensions than traditional spars with top tensioned motion induced response of catenary risers, vortex induced
risers. In addition, the large number of pull tubes created vibration of catenary risers, riser behavior at the pull tube exit
challenging VIV fatigue designs and, as a result, stringent welding region, riser-soil interaction at the touchdown region, flowline
and NDE requirements were imposed for the pull tubes in the buckling, flowline axial walking, and flow assurance characteristics
shipyard. (Copyright 2009 OTC) of infield flowlines. The information generated will be used in
................................................................ future riser designs. (2) The information will be used to validate
Tahiti riser and flowline system robustness and conduct health
TAHITI FIELD 1,003,545 checks on the fatigue critical risers and flowlines, particularly after
significant environmental or operational events. This paper
TAHITI FLOWLINE EXPANSION CONTROL SYSTEM
describes the monitoring system configuration, the technology
H.Thompson, M.Zhang, M.Brunner, K.DeLack, X.Qi, C.Noel and
deployed, and the installation methods. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
J.R.McDermott (Chevron Energy Technol Co; Technip USA).
................................................................
OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston,
TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; TAHITI FIELD 1,003,548
A byproduct of deep-water discoveries is often a high-pressure, CONFIGURATION, FABRICATION, AND INSTALLATION
high-temperature (HPHT) reservoir. Reservoir fluids are often OF TAHITI TRUSS SPAR BELLY STRAKES
transported to a floating production facility (FPF) via carbon steel P.Griffin, H.Jones, A.Cattell, M.Scheffer, S.Miller and B.Zhang
flowlines and risers. Pressurization and heating of flowlines that (Chevron; HMC; Solberg Technip). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY
were installed empty and cold can lead to significant longitudinal CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009)
expansion. The Tahiti Project in the Gulf of Mexico presented a PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19878;
number of different flowline expansion system problems, including Available on CD-ROM; 25 pp)
high pressure, high temperature, future water injection and Two types of vortex induced motion (VIM) suppression strakes
reservoir souring, global lateral buckling and fatigue associated were used on the Tahiti Truss Spar: (1) yard installed strakes
with a number of operating cycles, high flowline end expansions, fabricated and installed in the shipyard and (2) the field installed
high riser bottom tensions, and flowline walking (soil ratcheting). strakes, referred to as belly strakes. The belly side strakes were
Additionally, the stringent design challenges of the project produced fabricated in the shipyard, but installed offshore after the hull
corresponding challenges in the area of welding. This paper upending and fixed ballast installation. Yard installation was not
discusses some of the flowline expansion control techniques used on possible due to interference with the transportation arrangement.
the Chevron Tahiti Project in the Gulf of Mexico. Midline expansion The major components of the belly strake system are as follows:
control via distributed buoyancy and end expansion control via a Sleeves which are installed in the spar hull in the yard and serve as
novel stab and hinge-over (patent pending) pipeline end receptacles for the support pins, support pins which are swaged
termination (PLET) located on top of a suction pile are discussed, into the sleeves using the patented Oil States Inc. (OSI)
along with other expansion control topics. The welding Hydra-Lok(R) tool. The support pins serve as structural support
requirements, the challenge of setting up an onshore multi-joint members for the belly strake panels. Belly strake panels are
facility, welding strategies, and the corresponding results will also approximately 20 ft wide and ranging from 15 ft long to 50 ft long.
be discussed. (Copyright 2009 OTC) Panel lengths were optimized to achieve similar loading for each of
................................................................ the support pin to sleeve connection. Each strake panel was set
onto its corresponding two support pins and is connected via a
TAHITI FIELD 1,003,546 bolted connection. This paper describes the methods used for
fabrication and installation of the Tahiti belly strake components.
TAHITI PROJECT SUBSEA SYSTEM
(Copyright 2009 OTC)
DESIGN/QUALIFICATION
................................................................
C.Hey, J.Rasmussen and S.Tattersall (Chevron; Cameron).
OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, VIBRATION DAMPER 1,003,549
OTC-19859; Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp; 1 ref) HENNING DEVICES: A NEW CLASS OF VIV SUPPRESSION
The Tahiti Project was Chevron’s first high pressure subsea APPARATUS FOR OFFSHORE TUBULARS
development. This paper describes some of the design challenges D.W.Allen, L.Lee and D.L.Henning (Shell Global Solutions Inc).
and key lessons learned from the execution of the subsea OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston,
equipment delivery contract and installation program. This paper TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
will provide an overview of the subsea system and discuss lessons OTC-19881; Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp; 4 refs)
learned with respect to equipment qualification, and specific issues This paper introduces a new class of vortex-induced vibration
regarding thermal insulation, material compatibility and long term (VIV) suppression apparatus--Henning devices. Test results for a
wet storage. (Copyright 2009 OTC) number of such devices are presented and discussed. One of the
................................................................ main advantages of these novel devices over helical strakes and
streamlined fairings is that the coverage density required to be
TAHITI FIELD 1,003,547 effective is reduced from about 70 to 80% or more to approximately
20 to 25%. The drag on the tubulars with the light coverage density
TAHITI ONLINE MONITORING SYSTEM FOR STEEL
is therefore significantly reduced, compared to that of helical
CATENARY RISERS AND FLOWLINES
strakes. An additional advantage of Henning devices over fairings
M.Karayaka, J.H.Chen, C.Blankenship, W.Ruf and M.Podskarbi
is that they are not required to rotate to be effective at reducing
(Chevron Energy Technol Co; 2H Offshore Inc; Schlumberger).
VIV, as evidenced by the tests. With the application of this new type
OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston,
of hardware, great cost savings can be expected. (Copyright 2009
OTC)
................................................................
The riser and flowline monitoring (RFM) project deployed one of
the most comprehensive subsea structural monitoring systems to VISCOUS CRUDE OIL 1,003,550
date on a Tahiti infield (production) steel catenary riser (SCR) and
associated flowline. State-of-the-art motion and strain VISCOELASTIC MODELS FOR MEXICAN HEAVY CRUDE
measurement devices are optimally placed along the SCR to OIL AND COMPARISON WITH A MIXTURE OF
continuously measure and store real-time full scale riser response. HEPTADECANE AND EICOSANE: PT.II
In addition, RFM project is the first to implement monitoring R.C.Dante, E.Geffroy and A.E.Chavez (Mexico Nac Auton Univ).

PRODUCING OIL & GAS
FUEL v.86, no.15, pp.2403-2409, Oct. 2007. (ISSN 0016-2361; Over WELL INTEGRITY 1,003,553
10 refs)
The viscoelastic properties of crude oils, at a fixed temperature, A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO WELL INTEGRITY
can be interpreted in terms of a distribution of relaxation times. A MANAGEMENT
square relaxation spectrum applied to the Maxwell model is in A.Annandale, R.Conway and S.Copping (Marathon Oil UK;
accordance with experimental results obtained for a crude oil Expro). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX,
specimen from the Cantarell reservoir in south-east Mexico. As a 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123201; Available on
continuation of a previous paper, the Weissenberg number formerly CD-ROM; 7 pp)
proposed for steady viscosity, is also proposed to scale G’ and G’’ at Recognising the importance of good well integrity management
different temperatures. Although, the mixture of n-heptadecane practices, Marathon Oil UK developed an online database in
and n-eicosane provided good results in the description of viscous conjunction with Expro to capture their well integrity data. The
properties of the considered crude oil--as reported in the previous database has become a focal point to help facilitate Marathon’s well
paper--the viscoelastic properties of the mixture of n-heptadecane integrity management processes and philosophies. The aim of this
and n-eicosane are very poor in comparison to those of crude oil. In paper is to provide an overview of the rationale for developing the
general, aging of crude oil causes an increment of tan δ quicker system and the benefits that are being realised for both the Brae
with temperature increment. Moreover, two years of aging cause a and Alvheim assets. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
huge increment of G’. The main objective of this paper is providing ................................................................
a suitable and complete model to describe the viscoelastic
properties of the considered crude oil. (c2007 Elsevier Ltd.)
................................................................ RESERVOIR ENG & REC METHOD
WATER IN OIL EMULSION 1,003,551
ASPHALTENE DEPOSITION 1,003,554
A NEW METHOD FOR WATER-IN-OIL EMULSION FILM
STUDIES SULFUR AND ASPHALTENE DEPOSITION DURING CO2
N.Panchev, K.Khristov, J.Czarnecki, D.Exerowa, FLOODING OF CARBONATE RESERVOIRS
S.Bhattacharjee and J.Masliyah (Bulgarian Academy Sciences; A.Y.Zekri, S.A.Shedid and R.A.Almehaideb (United Arab
Alberta Univ). COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A: Emirates Univ; Texas A&M Univ (Qatar)). 16TH SPE MIDDLE
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS v.315, EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009]
nos.1-3, pp.74-78, 2/15/2008. (ISSN 0927-7757; Over 10 refs) (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-118825;
A new method to study thin liquid emulsion films is developed. Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp; Over 10 refs)
It is based on the microinterferometric Thin Liquid Film-Pressure Simultaneous sulfur and asphaltene deposition in porous media
Balance Technique and involves a newly designed measuring cell as a result of CO2 injection may significantly reduce the CO2
that allows application of AC and/or DC polarizations to single flooding injectivity and create plugging problems and might affect
water-in-oil emulsion films. The major advantage of this new the recovery of efficiency of the process. Accurate assessment of
technique is that within a single experiment it is possible to sulfur and asphaltene deposition during CO2 flooding is critical
determine independently the most important film parameters: film information for the design of viable CO2 flooding process. The main
thickness, critical voltage, film diameter, rate of film drainage, film objective of this work is to investigate the simultaneous deposition
capacitance and relative film permittivity. The experimental results of sulfur and asphaltene in the porous media during CO2 flooding.
presented on capacitance versus film thinning, critical voltage of To achieve this objective, the influences of water saturation, type of
film rupture and relative film permittivity determination, provide a flooding process, i.e., slug and continuous CO2 injection rate, and
good idea of the usefulness of the new approach. The new method permeability of the system on the oil recovery and the losses of
opens a broader perspective to a more profound study of water-in- sulfur and asphaltene in the reservoir rocks were investigated.
oil emulsions at a microscopic level. (c2007 Elsevier B.V.) Nine experiments were carried out using one of UAE oil reservoirs’
................................................................ crude oil. The results indicated that both sulfur and asphaltene
were precipitated in the system and, in general, higher sulfur
WATER IN OIL EMULSION 1,003,552 losses to the pores media as compared to asphaltene were observed.
WATER IN OIL EMULSION DROPLET SIZE (Copyright 2009 SPE)
CHARACTERIZATION USING A PULSED FIELD ................................................................
GRADIENT WITH DIFFUSION EDITING (PFG-DE) NMR
BACTERIAL OIL RECOVERY 1,003,555
TECHNIQUE
C.P.Aichele, M.Flaum, T.Jiang, G.J.Hirasaki and W.G.Chapman MECHANISM OF MICROBE PROPAGATION IN
(Rice Univ). JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE HETEROGENEOUS POROUS MEDIA AND ANALYSIS OF
SCIENCE v.315, no.2, pp.607-619, 11/15/2007. (ISSN 0021-9797; VARIOUS MEOR PROCESSES INVOLVED IN MICROBE
Over 10 refs) TRANSPORTATION
This paper describes a proton nuclear magnetic resonance U.Aslam (Stavanger Univ). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL &
(NMR) technique, pulsed field gradient with diffusion editing (PFG- GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain,
DE), to quantify drop size distributions of brine/crude oil emulsions. 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119010; Available on
The drop size distributions obtained from this technique were CD-ROM; 9 pp; Over 10 refs)
compared to results from the traditional pulsed field gradient A potentially inexpensive method, microbial enhanced oil
(PFG) technique. The PFG-DE technique provides both transverse recovery (MEOR), may prove valuable and economical. Potential
relaxation (T2) and drop size distributions simultaneously. In microbe strains must be transported deep into the heterogeneous
addition, the PFG-DE technique does not assume a form of the drop reservoir through active metabolites generated in-situ in order to
size distribution. An algorithm for the selection of the optimal contact trapped oil. This paper accentuates a bench-scale
parameters to use in a PFG-DE measurement is described in this laboratory investigation of microbe transportation, not only in
paper. The PFG-DE technique is shown to have the ability to sandstone cores, but also in sand packed columns and its
resolve drop size distributions when the T2 distribution of the relationship with improved oil sweep efficiency. This paper presents
emulsified brine overlaps either the crude oil or the bulk brine T2 various oil recovery processes through a biosurfactant producer
distribution. Finally, the PFG-DE technique is shown to have the (Bacillus Subtilis). These processes include continuous microbe
ability to resolve a bimodal drop size distribution. (c2007 Elsevier flooding, inoculation of microbes followed by nutrient injection and
Inc.) microbe inoculation followed by repeated cycles of static incubation.
................................................................ An improved oil sweep efficiency of 25-35% has been observed
through these processes. A microbe migration of 1 to 2 ft/day has
also been revealed. The most feasible process among these three
processes for transport of microbe in heterogeneous porous media

RESERVOIR ENG & REC METHOD
has been evaluated and presented through injection of nutrients COMBINATION FLOODING 1,003,559
followed by static incubation which includes multiplication and
migration of microbe cells. The results of multistage microbe THE APPLICATION OF SURFACTIN BIOSURFACTANT AS
propagation in laboratory simulation experiments have also been SURFACTANT COUPLER IN ASP FLOODING IN DAQING
presented. Analysis of these processes suggests the criterion of OIL FIELD
selecting microbe cells with favorable transport properties in D.Wang, Y.Zhang, L.Yongjian, C.Hao and M.Guo (Daqing
porous media. (Copyright 2009 SPE) Petroleum Inst; Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd). 16TH SPE MIDDLE
................................................................ EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009]
(Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119666;
CAUSTIC WATERFLOODING 1,003,556 Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp; Over 10 refs)
Alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding has proved to be
ALKALINE CONSUMPTION MECHANISMS BY CRUDE OIL: effective in laboratory experiments and field projects. At present,
A COMPARISON OF SODIUM CARBONATE AND SODIUM the restriction to the application of this technique is surfactant
HYDROXIDE development. Biosurfactants have characteristics of low toxicity, no
J.Sun, L.Sun, W.Liu, X.Liu, X.Li and Q.Shen (Shandong Univ; pollution, and are inexpensive. Therefore, biosurfactants could be
China National Petrol Corp). COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A: used as an economical alternative to chemical surfactants in ASP
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS v.315, flooding. The feasibility of using biosurfactant-surfactin-
nos.1-3, pp.38-43, 2/15/2008. (ISSN 0927-7757; Over 10 refs) fermentation liquor (SF) as a complementary agent of ASP flooding
Alkaline agents have an appeal for enhanced oil recovery was studied in the laboratory. The results show that surfactin is
because of their low cost and favorable performance. In this paper, toleranct to high salinity (0-12 wt%), high temperature (50°-100°C),
sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are wide pH range (6.0-11.0) and high Ca2+/Mg2+ concentration. This
used as the alkaline chemicals, at the same Na2O content, to surfactin could reduce intefacial tension (IFT) of water/oil from
investigate the oil/water interfacial reactions between the Daqing 23.53 mN/m to 4.57 mN/m. The IFTs between solutions containing
crude oil and the alkaline solutions. Moreover, oleic acid or the SF or a mixture of SF and alkylbenzene sulfonate (ORS) at
mixture of ethyl acetate and phthalic acid diethyl ester were added different ratios and crude oil were studied at a constant NaOH
into the crude oil, respectively, to facilitate the direct observation of concentration. The results show interfacial characteristics (IFT) of
the interfacial reactions and to compare the functional effectiveness SF and significant synergic effect between SF and ORS. The core-
of alkalis. The results showed that: Na2CO3 reacted slowly and flooding tests show using SF can reduce the cost of ASP flooding.
partly with the acid components in crude oil, while NaOH did it (Copyright 2009 SPE)
very fast and completely. Interestingly, Na2CO3 is better than ................................................................
NaOH in lowering the oil/water interfacial tension (IFT), due to its
buffer effect. These help the optimum formulation design of COMPOSITIONAL MODEL 1,003,560
flooding alkali, which should also be of great importance for tertiary
oil recovery. (c2007 Elsevier B.V.) IMPROVED METHOD FOR COMPOSITIONAL MODELING
................................................................ USING A FINE SCALE GEOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION
WITHIN GAS INJECTION PATTERN IN CARBONATE
CHEMICAL INJECTION 1,003,557 RESERVOIR
T.Obeida, A.Gibson, H.Al-Hashemi and B.Baruah (Abu Dhabi
AN UPDATE AND PERSPECTIVE ON FIELD-SCALE Co Onshore Oper; Kelkar & Associates Inc). 16TH SPE MIDDLE
CHEMICAL FLOODS IN DAQING OILFIELD, CHINA EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009]
H.Pu and Q.Xu (Wyoming Univ; Daqing Oilfield Co Ltd). 16TH (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-118681;
SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE Available on CD-ROM; 6 pp)
[MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. The objective of this paper is to address the challenges that are
(SPE-118746; Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp; Over 10 refs) frequently encountered in simulation studies when using local grid
Industrial-scale polymer flooding has been successfully applied refine (LGR) within upscaled models. The difficulties mainly arise
in Daqing since 1996. Polymer flooding alone contributed more than due to the unreliability of populating the fine grids with reservoir
10 million tons of oil in 2006, which occupied 25% yearly rate of properties and attributes. To overcome these limitations, the
Daqing. Incremental oil recoveries of up to 14% of original oil in proposed method introduces a special fine-scale LGR covering the
place (OOIP) have been obtained in the field. Much experience and pilot area within the upscaled dynamic model. Whereas the
lessons have been learnt on large-scale polymer flooding, including upscaled model has 36 layers, the LGR contains exactly the same
major factors that influence the recovery and methods to increase fine-scale layering scheme and reservoir properties as the static
the recovery; measures to obtain a uniform polymer injection model with 160 layers. The dynamic model in this study is a large
profile; and how to lower the costs of polymer flooding. Also, Daqing sector model (Nx 167, Ny 98 and Nz 36) with a detailed LGR (Nx
performed research on other chemical floods application, such as 130, Ny 145 and Nz 160). The fluid properties were calculated from
surfactant flood, micellar-polymer flooding, alkaline flooding, a 10-component equation of state. After the addition of the LGR,
alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding (ASP), alkaline polymer the model history match was updated. Several prediction cases
flooding, and ASP-foam, especially ASP. Those chemical floods were were then studied to optimize well location (injector and
field tested, or are being tested, to study the feasibility, to provide observation wells) to convert the existing inverted five-spot gas
technical and practical experience for expanding, and to find pattern into water injection line-drive. Several saturation maps
suitable post-polymer flooding enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and profiles were generated to predict the breakthrough time for
technology. Through these tests, the injectivity and productivity of each observer and utilized to design the future pilot monitoring
ASP systems, the best technique of artificial lift and stimulation program. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
measures for low efficiency wells, and economic analysis of chemical ................................................................
EOR were studied. Pilot test results showed that 20% OOIP
recovery can be obtained over that of waterflooding and is both ENHANCED RECOVERY 1,003,561
technically and economically feasible. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
................................................................ [R] ENHANCED-OIL-RECOVERY PILOT-TESTING BEST
PRACTICES
COALBED METHANE 1,003,558 D.Denney. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61,
A NOVEL METHOD FOR NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF 992,371
FISHBONE WELL PERFORMANCE IN COALBED [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #992,371]
METHANE RECOVERY ................................................................
X.D.Wu, Y.S.An and C.F.Xi (China Univ Petroleum). NATURAL
GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.11a,76-78,
7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 5 refs; In Chinese)
................................................................

FOUR DIMENSIONAL SEISMIC 1,003,562 3D seismic data and then enhanced by integrating engineering
data into the model. The engineering data included mud losses
4D: FROM MAINSTREAM TO MAIN STREET during drilling, flowmeter surveys, transient well test analysis and
S.A.Levin (Halliburton Energy Service). SPE DIGITAL water production data. The upscaled 3D fracture model was then
ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) used for history matching. With only minor modifications to the
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122734; Available on CD-ROM; 4 pp; fracture model, a simulation model yielded a reliable match for
Over 10 refs) water production. Furthermore, 80% of mud loss occurrences were
As highlighted at recent SPE conferences and workshops, the in agreement with the 3D seismic lineaments mapping. (Copyright
use of 4D seismic technology has become mainstream. Currently, 2009 SPE)
4D monitoring programs are used in more than 140 fields. Indeed, ................................................................
many major companies now require 4D feasibility studies for all
new reservoir development plans. However, the high cost of 4D FUZZY LOGIC 1,003,565
monitoring has generally limited its use to large fields that require
heavy expenditures to produce. There has been relatively little AN APPLICATION OF FUZZY LOGIC IN INTERPRETATION
trickle down in the use of 4D seismic among smaller producers, OF PETROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF RESERVOIR
service companies, and/or consultants. Challenges to 4D market ROCKS [PROBA ZASTOSOWANIA LOGIKI ROZMYTEJ DO
expansion include technical feasibility as well as various economic INTERPRETACJI PARAMETROW PETROFIZYCZNYCH
drivers. Expected seismic response changes may be too small to SKAL ZBIORNIKOWYCH]
reliably detect and interpret. Relatively few entities have the B.Darlak and M.Kowalska-Wlodarczyk (Oil & Gas Inst
luxury of maintaining a dedicated, integrated geoscience and (Poland)). NAFTA-GAZ v.63, no.5, pp.305-314, May 2007. (ISSN
engineering team with 4D expertise. However, most experts agree 0867-8871; Over 10 refs; In Polish)
that economics serve as the greatest barrier to 4D expansion. On The paper presents initially works due to a new calculation
the bright side, I will show that studying the world’s distribution of method supported on fuzzy logic. Base fuzzy logic definitions and
oil and gas fields leads one to the conclusion that if 4D costs were to operations on fuzzy classes are reviewed as well as a proof of
drop by a factor of three, the number of fields for which 4D becomes creation proposal system in fuzzy logic. This model applied to
economically feasible would rise by a factor of at least ten. petrophysical laboratory data is described and discussed.
(Copyright 2009 SPE) ................................................................
................................................................
INTERFACIAL TENSION 1,003,566
FRACTURED RESERVOIR 1,003,563
EFFECT OF BRINE SALINITY ON INTERFACIAL TENSION
A COMPOSITE SEEPAGE MODEL FOR FRACTURED IN ARAB-D CARBONATE RESERVOIR, SAUDI ARABIA
RESERVOIR T.M.Okasha and A.J.A.Al-Shiwaish (Saudi Aramco). 16TH SPE
J.Feng, R.Luo, L.Cheng, Y.Chang and L.Yu (Res Inst Petrol MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS
Explor Dev; China Univ Petroleum). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009.
OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, (SPE-119600; Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp; 7 refs)
3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119255; Available on Carbonate reservoirs contain more than 50% of the world’s
CD-ROM; 6 pp; 6 refs) hydrocarbons reserves. In Saudi Arabia, most of the current
For a fractured low-permeability sandstone reservoir, it is very hydrocarbon production is from the Arab-D carbonate reservoir.
difficult to use the conventional method to handle the stochastically Interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and brine during waterflooding
distributed natural fractures, which do not connect with the wells, has a significant effect on oil recovery and production strategy. So,
in the theoretical study of the naturally fractured reservoir. To this study was carried out to investigate the effect of brine dilution,
study the seepage law of the fractured reservoir, a fractured temperature, and pressure on IFT of dead and recombined oil in
heterogeneity composite reservoir seepage flow model is proposed Arab-D carbonate reservoir as the first phase in evaluating the
by using the equivalent flowing resistance method. With this potential of low salinity flooding technique to improve oil recovery.
model, the effects of naturally fractured parameters on productivity In this study, Arab-D reservoir brine with total dissolved solids
and formation pressure were investigated. The results indicate that (TDS) of 214,943 ppm was mixed with distilled water in two
the fractures within 10 m of the wellbore will have the greatest proportions, resulting in a first solution with TDS = 107,906 ppm
impact on pressure distribution and productivity, and the impacts and a second with TDS = 52,346 ppm. For reservoir brine and each
of fracture length, fracture aperture and fracture number on diluted brine, crude oil/water IFT was measured at reservoir
pressure distribution and productivity will decrease after they are conditions. Test results showed a decrease in IFT values for both
greater than some certain value. The study clarified theoretically dead and recombined oil as the volume percent of brine in the
the reason that fractures improve the productivity. (Copyright 2009 mixture decreased. IFT decreased with increasing temperature at
SPE) constant pressure and increased with pressure at constant
................................................................ temperature. Such results show that low salinity flooding may be a
good technique to improve oil recovery in Arab-D carbonate
FRACTURED RESERVOIR 1,003,564 reservoir. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
................................................................
VALIDATION OF FRACTURE LINEAMENTS WITH
DYNAMIC WELL DATA, IMPROVES HISTORY MATCHING LOW PERMEABILITY RESERVOIR 1,003,567
OF A DUAL POROSITY-PERMEABILITY MODEL
S.M.Mubarak, Z.A.Ali, T.R.Pham, T.Le Maux and F.M.Colomar NEW IDEAS OBTAINED FROM LABORATORY STUDY OF
(Saudi Aramco; Beicip Franlab). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & FLOWING MECHANISMS IN LOW-PERMEABILITY
GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, RESERVOIRS
3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119643; Available on P.Guo, Y.G.Xu, Z.Y.Chen, Y.W.Jiang and Y.M.Pang (Southwest
CD-ROM; 11 pp; Over 10 refs) Petroleum Univ; PetroChina; Sinopec). NATURAL GAS
Simulating fractured carbonate oil reservoirs using the INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.12a-13a,86-88,
conventional single-porosity/single-permeability (SPSP) model does 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In Chinese)
not normally capture the whole fluid flow mechanism in the system. [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
A dual-porosity/dual-permeability model (DPDP) conditioned by ................................................................
field dynamic data can lead to better fluid saturation matches. This
paper presents a new approach to history matching of naturally NATURAL FRACTURE 1,003,568
fractured reservoirs using a DPDP model that incorporates INTEGRATED FRACTURE STUDY USING FORMATION
integrating production field performance data into the geological MICRO IMAGER, STONELEY WAVES AND FORMATION
fracture model. A case example from a carbonate reservoir model EVALUATION RESULTS IN CARBONATE RESERVOIR AT
will be used to illustrate this approach. The construction of the GULF OF SUEZ, EGYPT
fracture model was done by employing structural lineaments from E.A.E.A.Bassim, K.Yamaguchi, D.Juandi, M.Emam and A.Ali

(Arabian Oil Co; Schlumberger). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & (SPE-118741; Available on CD-ROM; 5 pp; 3 refs)
GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, Rock permeability indicator significantly increases with
3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-118895; Available on porosity for the intergranular-type formation (not applicable for
CD-ROM; 10 pp; 5 refs) non-interganular rock, such as formation containing solution
In this paper, we developed a workflow of an integrating channels, vugs or fracture); however, it is also quite dependent on
formation micro imager, Stoneley waves and petrophysical analysis the surface area presented by the grains. On the other hand,
for better fracture characterization and selecting the best irreducible water saturation reflects the surface area. Therefore, a
perforation intervals for a producing well. This workflow is applied function of porosity and irreducible water saturation can help in
on well NWO-1, in the Northwest October Concession in the Gulf of prediction of the absolute permeability. In our case study, the actual
Suez area over the carbonate reservoir. The well was drilled on the Sw (initial) was used in this function; hence, the permeability
peak of an anticlinal feature created by the fault propagation fold of obtained actually represents the effective rather than absolute
a normal fault that was located near the well. The main objectives value. Through the petrophysical evaluation of an offshore oilfield
were to determine the structural geology feature, its orientation, in Abu Dhabi, it was noticed that by applying a function of water
the diagenetic features using a formation micro imaging tool and to saturation, porosity and other coefficients, there was a good match
quantify the effectiveness of fractures as fluid conduit mainly in the between the permeability estimated using open-hole log data and
carbonate reservoirs either in Thebes or Mokattam Formation. The permeability measured from the core sample in the laboratory. A
study reveals that the highest average fracture density is over further step of this quality check of this function is taken by
(Layer-A and B) at the uppermost interval of Thebes Formation comparing these results to the wells test and having an overall
around 2.2 fractures/ft and (Layer-C) at the bottom around 1.77 comparison over the full field data in-hand. This paper focuses on
fractures/ft. These fractures were proven to be of good fluid conduit establishing a correlation between open-hole log data interpretation
based on both Stoneley waves and the petrophysical interpretation. and permeability measurement from the core sample that resulted
The two layers A and B were recommended to be tested and the in generating an empirical equation capable of predicting the
drill steam test results proved higher productivity than in layer C, permeability from the open-hole log data. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
which confirms the outcome from our integrated study. (Copyright ................................................................
2009 SPE)
................................................................ PRESSURE TRANSIENT ANALYS 1,003,572
PERMEABILITY (ROCK) 1,003,569 REAL-TIME EVALUATION OF PRESSURE TRANSIENTS:

ADVANCES IN RESERVOIR MONITORING
[R] METHOD FOR 4D PERMEABILITY ANALYSIS OF C.Contreras, S.Bodwadkar and A.Kosmala (Schlumberger).
GEOLOGIC FLUID RESERVOIRS SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX,
P.A.Geiser, asr. (STRM LLC). Can. 2,347,435A1, p. 4/27/2000, f. 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123115; Available on
10/15/1999 (Appl. 2,347,435), pr. U.S. 10/16/1998 (Appl. 60/104,482) CD-ROM; 11 pp; 8 refs)
and World 10/15/1999 (Appl. 9,924,154) (G01V-001/00). (41 pp) Reservoir engineers operating in mature fields across the world
SRPA# 739,837 struggle to get necessary reservoir data to make their exploitation
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #739,837] plans more realistic. With the advent of digital oilfield technology,
................................................................ the pressure and hence the deterioration in well deliverability can
be continuously and cost effectively monitored. This paper
PERMEABILITY (ROCK) 1,003,570 illustrates how real-time data can be used to make decisions on
when to invest in pressure transient tests, and when a test is run,
A NEW APPROACH FOR IMPROVING PERMEABILITY
how to minimize the downtime. The case studies presented here are
ESTIMATION BY INTEGRATING SEQUENTIAL GAUSSIAN
for wells on electrical submersible pumps in various types of
SIMULATION (SGS) WITH CO-ACTIVE NEURO FUZZY
reservoirs across Latin America. The paper briefly discusses the
INFERENCE SYSTEM (CANFIS) NETWORK
three pillars of digital oilfield--technology, processes and
Y.Rafiei, S.M.M.Mirkalaei, R.Masoudi, A.Ataei and M.Khordoo
people--and how they work together to achieve continuous reservoir
(Petroleum Univ Technology; National Iranian Oil Co). 16TH SPE
and production optimization. Reservoir analysis for wells on
electrical submersible pumps (ESP) is challenging due to the
2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009.
restrictions imposed by the downhole equipment. Our work
(SPE-118339; Available on CD-ROM; 13 pp; Over 10 refs)
presented here focuses on developing workflows and interpretation
This paper shows that geostatistical modeling integrated with
techniques for this unique environment. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
artificial neural network (ANN) can be effectively used to estimate
................................................................
permeability when limited amount of core and log data is available.
The goal of this study is to create a good calibrated data set and PRESSURE TRANSIENT ANALYS 1,003,573
then design a proper network for permeability estimation in an
Iranian oil reservoir. In this work, the reservoir has first been A CALCULATION METHOD OF POINT SOURCE
classified into two different flow units to overcome the extreme SOLUTIONS FOR PRESSURE PERFORMANCE OF
heterogeneity of the reservoir. Then SGS was performed to obtain HORIZONTAL WELLS IN EDGE-WATER GAS RESERVOIRS
very fine permeability distribution versus depth and log data in C.Y.Li, L.H.Zhang, R.Zhang, W.Gong and J.Gao (Southwest
cored intervals of each flow unit of the reservoir. After that, an Petroleum Univ; PetroChina). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY
uncertainty analysis was done to create data set by selecting the (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.13a,89-91, 7/25/2007. (ISSN
best points with highest probability and lowest value of standard 1000-0976; 10 refs; In Chinese)
deviation. These data were input to design and train the CANFIS [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
network. This network is based on a fuzzy logic algorithm that the ................................................................
parameters obtained are from learning rules of a neural network.
Then core data are used to test the network. The results show the RESERVOIR ENGINEERING 1,003,574
acceptable estimation of permeability. Finally, the network can
WHERE IS THE GAP? IS IT IN MORE RESERVOIR
effectively be used to estimate permeability in uncored but logged
ENGINEERS OR IN LEVERAGING NEW SKILLS AND
wells. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
WORKFLOWS THAT ENHANCE INDIVIDUAL
................................................................
PRODUCTIVITY?
PERMEABILITY (ROCK) 1,003,571 C.Amudo and T.Graf (Chevron Australia Pty Ltd;
Schlumberger). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW
PERMEABILITY ESTIMATION USING LOG DATA, ABU AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009)
DHABI OFFSHORE FIELD, UAE PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-118727; Available on CD-ROM; 7 pp; 9
M.Bazara and S.M.Salman (Zakum Development Co). 16TH refs)
SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE The primary functions of a reservoir engineer include
[MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. estimation of hydrocarbons in place, the evaluation of the recovery

factor and the scheduling of the recovery. These roles are central in RESERVOIR HEATING 1,003,580
meeting the extremely complex challenges of the life-cycle
development of hydrocarbon resources. These challenges have now GAME CHANGER
assumed gargantuan proportions because of mature assets P.Roche. NICKLE’S NEW TECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE v.14,
requiring more attention to squeeze the last drop of oil from them. no.5, pp.26-28, June 2008. (ISSN 1480-2147)
The fact is that our traditional deterministic approach of working is Royal Dutch Shell plc has doubled its R&D spending to US$1.2
people intensive and it has started to fail the industry. Therefore, billion in 2008 from about $600 million in 2005, funding its
recruiting many more engineers to meet the present challenges can potentially game-changing in-situ upgrading process (IUP) test at
only fuel the vicious cycle of hire and fire approach that has made Peace River in northwest Alberta. In what could lead to a
our industry less attractive in the past. We need to embrace new revolutionary innovation, Shell has been testing a way to upgrade
workflows based on established statistical concepts like neural bitumen in the reservoir for more than two years. Electric heaters
networks and experimental designs that move the focus from raise the subsurface temperature to a point where the reservoir, in
people to computers. These new workflows also enable greater effect, acts as a refinery. As happens in a refinery, the lighter
flexibility in data handling, ensure consistency in uncertainty products are boiled off, leaving the heavier components behind in
quantification and give results in continuous distributions that can the reservoir. The upgraded oil can be further refined into products
be sampled rapidly using statistical techniques like Monte Carlo. such as gasoline and jet fuel.
This paper describes how statistical techniques can help in many ................................................................
core reservoir engineering roles like surveillance, history match
SCALE DEPOSITION 1,003,581
and reservoir management. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
................................................................ THE APPLICATION OF STREAMLINE RESERVOIR
SIMULATION CALCULATIONS TO THE MANAGEMENT OF
RESERVOIR FLUID 1,003,575 OILFIELD SCALE
RESERVOIR ANALYSIS BASED ON COMPOSITIONAL T.Fawzy and E.Mackay (Schlumberger; Heriot Watt Univ).
GRADIENTS 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND
O.Abohwo (Stanford Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2007; CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009)
DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119605; Available on CD-ROM; 7 pp;
v.68, no.2, p.1281-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; Order Over 10 refs)
no.DA3253461; 159 pp; Abstract only) Inorganic scales precipitate in oilfield systems--downhole in the
[Abstract available from T.U.] reservoir, in the production flow tubing, and in surface
................................................................ facilities--because of thermodynamic changes that affect the flowing
brines. These changes may be induced by temperature or pressure
RESERVOIR HEATING 1,003,576 changes or by mixing of incompatible brines. While much work has
been performed to study the effect of thermodynamic changes such
[R] OSCILLATING FLUID FLOW IN A WELLBORE as pressure decrease or temperature increase on scale precipitation,
R.L.Schultz, T.W.Cavender, R.L.Pipkin and D.D.Gleitman, asrs. it is only recently that a body of work has been developed on the
(Halliburton Energy Service). World 2009/009,412A2, p. 1/15/2009, impact that the dynamics of brine mixing in the reservoir has on
f. 7/3/2008 (Appl. 0,869,137), pr. U.S. 7/6/2007 (Appl. 60/948,346) scale precipitation in situ. The objective of this paper is to study the
and U.S. 5/14/2008 (Appl. 120,633) (E21B-0043/24; E21B-0028/00). application of a streamline simulator that has the appropriate
(46 pp) SRPA# 995,399 chemistry modelling capabilities to realistic reservoir scenarios.
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #995,399] The calculations performed demonstrate where, and under what
................................................................ conditions, scale precipitation takes place in situ in the reservoir,
and what the resulting impact on the chemical composition of the
RESERVOIR HEATING 1,003,577 produced brine will be. This information is key in the planning of
[R] DETECTING ACOUSTIC SIGNALS FROM A WELL management of oilfield scale, especially in developments where
SYSTEM options for scale mitigation may be limited. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
D.D.Gleitman, R.L.Schultz and R.L.Pipkin, asrs. (Halliburton ................................................................
Energy Service). World 2009/009,437A2, p. 1/15/2009, f. 7/3/2008
SCALE DEPOSITION 1,003,582
(Appl. 0,869,225), pr. U.S. 7/6/2007 (Appl. 60/948,346) and U.S.
5/14/2008 (Appl. 120,633) (E21B-0036/02; E21B-0047/14; [R] CHARACTERIZE SCALING DAMAGE FROM PRESSURE
E21B-0043/24). (38 pp) SRPA# 995,399 MEASUREMENTS
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #995,399] D.Denney. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61,
................................................................ no.6, pp.71-72, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; SPE-112500) SRLA#
959,929
RESERVOIR HEATING 1,003,578 [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #959,929]
[R] HEATED FLUID INJECTION USING MULTILATERAL ................................................................
WELLS
SOUR GAS 1,003,583
R.L.Schultz, T.W.Cavender, S.R.Fipke, A.S.Deshmukh,
D.J.Steele, J.E.Velez and E.Rosas Fermin, asrs. (Halliburton MODIFICATIONS TO THE METHOD OF CALCULATING
Energy Service). World 2009/009,445A2, p. 1/15/2009, f. 7/3/2008 SULFUR CONTENT IN SOUR GAS FIELDS
(Appl. 0,869,249), pr. U.S. 7/6/2007 (Appl. 60/948,346) Y.B.Li, X.F.Li and K.H.Li (China Univ Petroleum; PetroChina).
(E21B-0041/00; E21B-0043/24). (22 pp) SRPA# 995,399 NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7,
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #995,399] pp.13a-14a,92-94, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 7 refs; In Chinese)
................................................................ [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
................................................................
RESERVOIR HEATING 1,003,579
TRACER SURVEY 1,003,584
[R] DOWNHOLE ELECTRICITY GENERATION
R.L.Schultz, asr. (Halliburton Energy Service). World THE USE OF TRACERS FOR RESERVOIR
2009/009,447A2, p. 1/15/2009, f. 7/3/2008 (Appl. 0,869,254), pr. U.S. CHARACTERIZATION
7/6/2007 (Appl. 60/948,346) (E21B-0041/00; H03H-0009/00). (27 pp) L.A.Anisimov, V.N.Kilyakov and I.V.Vorontsova (LUKOIL).
SRPA# 995,399 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #995,399] CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009)
................................................................ PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-118862; Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp; 4
refs)
The use of tracers in reservoir studies shows that this is the

best method to evaluate the downhole region of the well and naturally fractured reservoirs of Daqing oilfield, China. Production
interwell space. Tracer methods give new opportunities to evaluate is obtained from the Putaohua sandstone formation at an average
the fluid-flow properties and continuation or compartmentalization depth of 1,338 m. After several years of waterflood development,
of reservoirs. Radioactive and chemical tracers have been used in the development effect was deteriorating, many wells were
the Volgograd Region to construct hydrodynamic models of clastic becoming stripper wells, and watercut increased greatly. To
and carbonate reservoirs. The method of radon indication has been improve the development effect of the Xinzhao oilfield, a reservoir
used for downhole region evaluation. After radon injection, the study was made to understand past performance and to develop a
permeability along the vertical section in a well can be calculated long-range development plan. The purpose of the study is to
according to the level of radioactivity on a log. The convective develop an optimization strategy for waterflood performance. The
nature of tracer-tests provide additional information about the first step in the process is to better understand the reservoir. The
reservoir. The following parameters are used for interwell space second step is to analyze past waterflood production performance to
evaluation: tracer velocity in a reservoir; tracer concentration as understand the development characteristics of the existing pattern
the consequences of tracer dissolution in formation fluid flow; and (inverted nine-spot well pattern). The production rate decline is
frequency of the tracer presence in samples--a number of tracer analyzed, and the reasons causing the current poor development
pathways from injection to production wells. The use of the tracer effect are identified. The third step is to develop optimization and
survey method can evaluate the vertical fluid flow barriers, surveillance recovery strategies. Reservoir simulation approaches
reservoir continuity in every block, fluid-flow properties, and are utilized to optimize the well pattern. The recommended plan is
understanding of the reservoir architecture in the interwell space. pattern modification with strategy of implementing conversions
The main result of tracer method is the ability to detect the ultra step by step. A field test of waterflood pattern realignment was
high permeability zones that cannot be found by other methods of carried out. This paper presents the results of pattern modification
reservoir analysis. (Copyright 2009 SPE) and the tracking and modifications strategies. (Copyright 2009
................................................................ SPE)
................................................................
VISCOUS OIL RECOVERY 1,003,585
HEAVY OIL RECOVERY WITH FLUID WATER AND
CARBON DIOXIDE
PIPELINING, SHIP & STORAGE
D.L.Hagen, I.Wylie, L.A.McGuire and G.Ginter, asrs. (Vast
Power Portfolio LLC). World 2009/038,777A1, p. 3/26/2009, f.
9/18/2008 (Appl. 0,810,922), pr. U.S. 9/18/2007 (Appl. 60/994,196) CATHODIC PROTECTION 1,003,588
and U.S. 9/19/2007 (Appl. 60/994,361) (E21B-0043/24). (119 pp)
PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRIES -
Diluted wet combustion forms a hot process fluid or VAST
CATHODIC PROTECTION OF PIPELINE
(Value Added Steam Technology) gas comprising carbon dioxide
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS: PT.2: OFFSHORE
(C02) and fluid water which is delivered to geologic formations or
PIPELINES
from surface mined materials to reduce the viscosity or increase
ANSI/NACE STANDARD SP0607-2007/ISO 15589-2 (MOD)
hydrocarbon extraction. High water or CO2 content is achieved by
2007. (ISBN 1-57590-214-1; 87 pp; Over 10 refs)
reducing non-aqueous diluent or adding or recycling C02. Power
Pipeline cathodic protection is achieved by the supply of
recovered from expanding the VAST gas may pressurize the VAST
sufficient direct current to the external pipe surface, so that the
gas for delivery by partial expansion through a Direct VAST cycle,
steel-to-electrolyte potential is lowered to values at which external
or by diverting compressed oxidant through a parallel
corrosion is reduced to an insignificant rate. Cathodic protection is
thermogenerator. In a Diverted VAST cycle, pressurized VAST gas
normally used in combination with a suitable protective coating
may be used for injection into wells within the formation, back
system to protect the external surfaces of steel pipelines from
injection wells or production wells. Light hydrocarbons may be
corrosion. This part of ISO 15589 specifies requirements and gives
mixed in with the hot process fluid, enhancing hydrocarbon
recommendations for the pre-installation surveys, design,
mobilization and recovery. Microwaves may heat the VAST gas
materials, equipment, fabrication, installation, commissioning,
and/or hydrocarbon. Sulfur oxidation, calcining limestone or
operation, inspection and maintenance of cathodic protection
recycling may increase CO2. Oxygen enrichment may increase the
systems for offshore pipelines for the petroleum and natural gas
specific power.
industries as defined in ISO 13623. This part of ISO 15589 is
................................................................
applicable to carbon and stainless steel pipelines in offshore
VISCOUS OIL RECOVERY 1,003,586 service; to retrofits, modifications and repairs made to existing
pipeline systems; and to all types of seawater and seabed
METHODS, SYSTEMS AND APPARATUS FOR environments encountered in submerged conditions and on risers
PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS FROM A up to mean water level.
SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION ................................................................
I.Cooper, R.Burgos, P.Schneider and J.Styre, asrs.
(Schlumberger Technol Corp). U.S. 2009/0,020,335A1, p. 1/22/2009, CATHODIC PROTECTION 1,003,589
f. 7/17/2007 (Appl. 778,803) (E21B-0007/08). (11 pp)
STUDY EXAMINES COATING COMPATIBILITY WITH CP
Methods, systems, and apparatus that are suitable for use in
R.Norsworthy (Polyguard Products Inc). OIL & GAS
production of hydrocarbons from subterranean heavy oil deposits
JOURNAL v.107, no.20, pp.52-55, 5/25/2009. (ISSN 0030-1388;
employ a subterranean cavity in communication with a borehole.
Over 10 refs)
The cavity is preferably formed along a U-tube borehole by coiled
For a pipeline coating to be truly compatible with cathodic
tubing reaming operations and/or radial drilling and explosive
protection (CP), the coating should allow CP protection to the pipe
blasting.
even if disbondment occurs and water penetrates between the
................................................................
coating and pipe. CP must be adequate to provide the needed
WATERFLOODING 1,003,587 current to significantly reduce or eliminate the corrosion under the
nonshielding disbonded coating. Coatings that shield CP when
RESERVOIR SIMULATION STUDY ON IMPROVEMENT OF there is a disbondment are a major cause of external corrosion
WATERFLOODING EFFECT FOR A NATURALLY problems on pipelines. Even with proper application some coatings
FRACTURED LOW PERMEABILITY FIELD IN DAQING, can disbond through soil stress and other methods. When applying
CHINA: A SUCCESSFUL CASE CP to coated pipelines, end users must consider the problems faced
H.Pu, G.Wang and Y.Li (Wyoming Univ; PetroChina). 16TH if the coating disbonds. CP current is very effective when it has a
SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE path to the pipe metal. Disbonded coatings shielding CP, not lack of
[MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. CP itself, cause most external corrosion on pipelines. When
(SPE-118836; Available on CD-ROM; 11 pp; 9 refs) disbondment or blistering occurs most coatings divert current from
The Xinzhao oilfield, developed in 2000, is one of the major its intended path, preventing CP current from adequately

protecting the external surfaces of a pipe. A coating must conduct focus was on determining the flow pattern and pressure drop with
CP current even when disbondment occurs to adequately protect and without adding the PDRA. The pressure gradient was
underground pipelines. Certain pipeline coatings will allow CP measured for each point on the flow regime map and an attempt
current to protect the pipe if disbondment occurs and water was made to correlate change in pressure drop with change of flow
penetrates between the coating and the pipe. This article discusses pattern. The results showed a significant reduction in pressure
the differences between the two types of coating systems and how gradient due to PDRA, especially at high mixture velocity which
CP works with each. was accompanied with a clear change in the flow pattern. Phase
................................................................ inversion point in dispersed flow regime occurred at a water
fraction range of (0.33-0.35) indicated by its pressure drop peak
COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION 1,003,590 which disappeared by injecting only 5 ppm (weight basis) of PDRA.
Effect of PDRA concentration and molecular weight on flow
COMPARISON OF THE ITERATIVE APPROXIMATIONS OF
patterns and pressure drops are presented in this study.
THE COLEBROOK-WHITE EQUATION
................................................................
C.T.Goudar and J.R.Sonnad (Bayer HealthCare; Oklahoma
Univ). HYDROCARBON PROCESSING v.87, no.8, pp.79-80,83, EXTERNAL CORROSION 1,003,593
Aug. 2008. (ISSN 0018-8190; Over 10 refs)
Friction factor estimation is a key component of piping system [R] PIPELINE EXTERNAL CORROSION DIRECT
design and the Colebrook-White equation is typically the method of ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
choice for computing turbulent flow friction factor in rough pipes. It ANSI/NACE STANDARD SP0502-2008 2008. (ISBN
relates the friction factor, "f", implicitly to the pipe roughness and 1-57590-156-0; Revised RP0502-2002; 57 pp; Over 10 refs) SRLA#
the Reynolds number, Re. While the visual representation in a 810,620
graphical correlation is certainly appealing, accurate f [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #810,620]
determination is difficult and this approach is not suited for most ................................................................
current computer-based piping system design projects. For
computer implementation, iterative numerical methods such as the FLOW MODEL 1,003,594
Newton-Raphson method can be used to determine f. Ideally, these
STABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE BIBERG PRE-INTEGRATED
iterative calculations are not desirable, and in an attempt to
STRATIFIED TWO-PHASE FLOW MODEL INCLUDING
simplify f estimation, several explicit approximations of f have been
PROFILE FACTORS
proposed. Accuracy of f values determined from these correlations
H.Holmas, D.Biberg, G.Johnson, R.Schulkes and T.Sira (SPT
varies greatly and not all correlations are valid over a large Re
Group Norge AS; StatoilHydro ASA; Inst Energy Technol Norway).
range (typically 4,000 < Re < 10 E+08) to be universally applicable.
6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH
Accuracy of the noniterative empirical correlations has been
AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008)
comprehensively evaluated and was found to be in the 1.42-28.23%
range.
................................................................
This paper demonstrates that viscous Kelvin-Helmholtz
CRYOGENIC PUMP 1,003,591 analysis of the Biberg pre-integrated stratified flow model
corresponds well with the onset of roll-waves in two-phase pipe
DESWIRL MECHANISMS AND ROLLER BEARINGS IN AN flow. Comparisons with experiments demonstrate that it is
AXIAL THRUST EQUALIZATION MECHANISM FOR necessary to include the effects of smaller waves in the friction
LIQUID CRYOGENIC TURBOMACHINERY models in order to correctly predict the transition. Besides
K.A.Kaupert, asr. (Ebara International Corp). U.S. providing a way to include these waves, the assumed turbulent
2009/0,004,032A1, p. 1/1/2009, f. 2/2/2008 (Appl. 12,541), pr. U.S. velocity profile of the Biberg model opens for consistent modelling
3/29/2007 (Appl. 60/920,618) (F01D-0003/00; F04B-0017/03; of the velocity profile factors in the inertia terms in two-fluid
F04D-0029/56; F04D-0027/00). (17 pp) models. For most flow conditions, however, the profile factors
Vane, fin, and hole arrangements establish a predetermined appear to be of secondary importance to the improvements in the
reduced swirl at the inlet of mechanical seals and the inlet of a friction calculations.
variable axial orifice gap which act in harmony as an axial thrust ................................................................
equalizing system for use in liquid cryogenic turbines and pumps.
In said establishment the stiffness, damping, and inertia in said FLOW VISUALIZATION 1,003,595
seal in conjunction with said variable orifice gap is manipulated,
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CORE-ANNULAR FLOW
including the destabilizing cross-coupled stiffness which is reduced.
BEHAVIOUR WITH THE INJECTION OF AIR IN
Said seal is of either labyrinth annular type formed by a plurality
HORIZONTAL PIPE
of teeth, annular smooth, or a plurality diamond annular surface
P.Poesio, D.Strazza, B.Grassi and M.Margarone (Brescia Univ;
pattern. Said variable orifice gap is smooth. Liquid for the axial
Eni E&P). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY
thrust equalizing seal is initially bled from the main to pass
NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008)
through a preset deswirl mechanism. The deswirl mechanism
consists of either a plurality of vanes, fins, grooves, or circular holes
available on CD-ROM; 10 refs)
that guide liquid radial inward before passing through said
In this paper, we show the results of an experimental campaign
mechanical seal.
carried out to study three phase flow regimes and pressure drop
................................................................
behaviour in a 21-mm internal diameter glass pipe. In particular,
DRAG REDUCTION 1,003,592 we pay attention to what happens to core-annular oil-water flow
when air is also present in the pipe. An example of core-annular oil-
EFFECT OF POLYMER DRAG REDUCING AGENT ON water flow and gas slug is shown. The fluids used are tap water, a
IMMISCIBLE OIL-WATER HORIZONTAL FLOW highly viscous oil, and compressed air. Differently from other works
M.Al-Yaari, B.Abu-Sharkh, A.Soleimani and A.Al-Sarkhi (King on three phase flow, we inject the air in the oil before the inlet of
Fahd Univ; Schlumberger Dhahran Ctr; Tulsa Univ). 6TH BHR the pipe so to simulate what really happens in industrial plants as
GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN accurately as possible. The results on three-phase flow
CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS investigation are then compared to purpose-made oil-water two-
pp.341-355, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; phase flow observations.
Over 10 refs) ................................................................
This paper reports a series of experiments to investigate the
characteristics in liquid-liquid flow in a horizontal nominal GAS HYDRATE 1,003,596
0.0254-m pipe with and without water soluble polymer drag
STRUCTURE AND KINETICS OF GAS HYDRATES FROM
reducing agent (PDRA). The PDRA was injected at the beginning of
METHANE/ETHANE/PROPANE MIXTURES RELEVANT TO
the test section at the bottom of the pipe. In these experiments, the
THE DESIGN OF NATURAL GAS HYDRATE STORAGE AND

TRANSPORT FACILITIES be due to a change in the nuclei-substrate contact angle. (c2008
R.Kumar, P.Linga, I.Moudrakovski, J.A.Ripmeester and Elsevier Ltd.)
P.Englezos (British Columbia Univ; Steacie Inst Molecular Sci). ................................................................
AIChE JOURNAL v.54, no.8, pp.2132-2144, Aug. 2008. (ISSN
0001-1541; Over 10 refs) INTERNAL CORROSION 1,003,600
The kinetics of gas hydrate growth from binary CH4/C2H6 and
INTERNAL CORROSION DIRECT ASSESSMENT
CH4/C3H8 and ternary CH4/C2H6/C3H8 gas mixtures were obtained
METHODOLOGY FOR LIQUID PETROLEUM PIPELINES
by the gas uptake method in a semibatch stirred vessel at constant
pressure and a temperature of 273.7 K. These data are of interest
35 pp; 6 refs)
for the design of facilities for natural gas storage and
This standard practice formalizes a methodology termed liquid
transportation in the solid (hydrate) state. During hydrate
petroleum internal corrosion direct assessment (LP-ICDA) that can
formation, samples from the gas phase were taken and analyzed by
be used to help ensure pipeline integrity. The methodology is
gas chromatography. It was found that the molar composition of
applicable to pipelines that are normally fully packed with
CH4 in the vapor phase increased as hydrate crystallization
petroleum compound(s) existing in an incompressible liquid state
progressed. The observed fractionation effect (enrichment of the
under normal pipeline operating conditions, with basic (or bottom)
hydrate phase with propane) complicates the natural gas storage
sediment and water (BS&W) contamination normally lower than
process. The fractionation effect was also confirmed with molecular-
5% by volume. The basis of LP-ICDA is identification and detailed
level studies where hydrate from the CH4/C2H6/C3H8 gas mixture
examination of locations along a pipeline in which water or solids
was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), NMR, and
can accumulate for extended periods, allowing informed conclusions
Raman spectroscopy. The hydrate phase composition and cage
to be made about the integrity of the non-examined pipeline. If the
occupancy of each gas were calculated with the help of information
locations determined to have the highest susceptibility for long-
obtained by Raman spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and PXRD.
term internally corrosive conditions are examined and found to be
The results were consistent with those obtained by NMR. The
free of significant corrosion, other less susceptible locations may be
composition of the gas phase and the hydrate are found to evolve
considered to be free of corrosion. LP-ICDA methodology for liquid
over time, suggesting that kinetic and transport factors contribute
petroleum systems is described in terms of a four-step process: (1)
in addition to thermodynamics. (c2008 American Institute of
pre-assessment, (2) indirect inspection, (3) detailed examination,
Chemical Engineers)
and (4) post-assessment. The LP-ICDA method provides the
................................................................
greatest benefit for pipelines that cannot be in-line inspected;
GAS LIQUEFACTION PLANT 1,003,597 however, the method is not limited to unpiggable pipelines.
................................................................
[R] BOIL-OFF GAS TREATMENT PROCESS AND SYSTEM
P.Bridgwood, asr. (LNG Technology Pty Ltd). World LINE PIPE 1,003,601
2009/006,694A1, p. 1/15/2009, f. 7/9/2008 (Appl. 0,801,011), pr.
[R] PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SEAMLESS STEEL PIPE
Austral. 7/9/2007 (Appl. 2007-903,701) (F17C-0013/00;
Y.Arai and K.Nakamura, asrs. (Sumitomo Metal Inds Ltd).
F25J-0001/02). (20 pp) SRPA# 996,868
Europe. 1,914,324A1, p. 4/23/2008, f. 7/25/2006 (Appl. 06,781,542),
pr. Japan 7/25/2005 (Appl. 2005-214,723) (C21D-0008/10;
................................................................
C21D-0009/08; C22C-0038/00; C22C-0038/32). (23 pp) SRPA#
GAS LIQUEFACTION PLANT 1,003,598 924,481
[R] FLOWLINE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ................................................................
TRANSFERRING CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
P.Bridgwood, asr. (LNG Technology Pty Ltd). World LINE PIPE 1,003,602
2009/006,695A1, p. 1/15/2009, f. 7/9/2008 (Appl. 0,801,012), pr.
[R] SEAMLESS STEEL PIPE AND METHOD FOR
Austral. 7/9/2007 (Appl. 2007-903,701) (F17C-0009/02;
PRODUCING SAME
F17C-0007/02). (23 pp) SRPA# 996,868
Y.Arai, K.Kondo and N.Hisamune, asrs. (Sumitomo Metal Inds
Ltd). Europe. 1,918,395A1, p. 5/7/2008, f. 7/26/2006 (Appl.
................................................................
06,781,670), pr. Japan 7/26/2005 (Appl. 2005-216,233) and World
HYDRATE FORMATION 1,003,599 7/26/2006 (Appl. 06,314,758) (C22C-0038/00; C21D-0008/10;
C21D-0009/08; C22C-0038/58). (16 pp) SRPA# 924,482
PROPANE HYDRATE NUCLEATION: EXPERIMENTAL [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #924,482]
INVESTIGATION AND CORRELATION ................................................................
L.Jensen, K.Thomsen and N.von Solms (Denmark Tech Univ).
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE v.63, no.12, pp.3069-3080, LINE PIPE 1,003,603
June 2008. (ISSN 0009-2509; Over 10 refs)
[R] SEAMLESS STEEL PIPE FOR LINE PIPE AND
In this work the nucleation kinetics of propane gas hydrate has
METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME
been investigated experimentally using a stirred batch reactor. The
K.Kondo, Y.Arai and N.Hisamune, asrs. (Sumitomo Metal Inds
experiments have been performed isothermally recording the
Ltd). Europe. 1,918,397A1, p. 5/7/2008, f. 8/22/2006 (Appl.
pressure as a function of time. Experiments were conducted at
06,782,899), pr. Japan 8/22/2005 (Appl. 2005-240,069) and World
different stirring rates, but in the same supersaturation region. The
8/22/2006 (Appl. 06,316,395) (C22C-0038/00; C21D-0008/10;
experiments showed that the gas dissolution rate rather than the
C21D-0009/08; C22C-0038/12; C22C-0038/58). (20 pp) SRPA#
induction time of propane hydrate is influenced by a change in
926,643
agitation. This was especially valid at high stirring rates when the
water surface was severely disturbed. Addition of
................................................................
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to the aqueous phase was found to
reduce the gas dissolution rate slightly. However the induction LINE PIPE 1,003,604
times were prolonged quite substantially upon addition of PVP.
The induction time data were correlated using a newly developed [R] SEAMLESS STEEL PIPE FOR LINE PIPE AND
induction time model based on crystallization theory also capable of METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME
taking into account the presence of additives. In most cases K.Kobayashi, T.Omura, K.Kondo, Y.Arai and N.Hisamune, asrs.
reasonable agreement between the data and the model could be (Sumitomo Metal Inds Ltd). Europe. 1,918,398A1, p. 5/7/2008, f.
obtained. The results revealed that especially the effective surface 8/22/2006 (Appl. 06,782,902), pr. Japan 8/22/2005 (Appl.
energy between propane hydrate and water is likely to change 2005-240,069) and World 8/22/2006 (Appl. 06,316,398)
when the stirring rate varies from very high to low. The (C22C-0038/00; C21D-0008/10; C21D-0009/08; C22C-0038/12;
prolongation of induction times according to the model is likely to C22C-0038/58). (20 pp) SRPA# 926,643
................................................................
LINER 1,003,605 determining a density of the fluid flow within the pipe section, and
creating a measured fluid density value; (3) determining a degree of
POLYMER LINER AND CONNECTOR QUALIFICATION fluid phase stratification of the fluid flow using at least one of the
FOR USE IN SUBSEA PIPELINES top and bottom fluid flow velocity values, and the measured fluid
T.Campbell (Subsea 7). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY density value; and (4) determining a flow rate value for at least one
CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009) of a liquid component of the fluid flow and a gas component of the
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19900; fluid flow within the pipe section. In an oil and gas application,
Available on CD-ROM; 15 pp; 3 refs) determining the flow rates of the oil and gas can facilitate the
Since second quarter 2007, the work described herein has been processing of each component.
carried out to qualify and install polymer liners and suitable ................................................................
connectors in two different carbon steel subsea pipelines for water
injection service in the Norwegian and UK sectors of the North Sea OFFLOADING 1,003,608
using the swage-lining technique. The Norwegian line is 16 in.
diameter x 9.1 km long and is the largest size of swage-lined pipe to OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE WITH SHIP TO SHIP
have been reel installed. The pipeline was fabricated at the TRANSFER
company’s newly commissioned spool base for the North Sea located P.Englebert (Exmar Marine NV). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY
at Vigra near Alesund in mid-Norway. It was transported and CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009)
successfully installed by Seven Navica, one of the company’s reeled PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19854;
pipeline lay vessels. The UK line is 6 in. diameter x 1.3 km long. It Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp)
is the smallest size of swage-lined pipe to be installed subsea and The paper describes the design, installation and operation of a
forms the first application of swage-lining to a pipe contained inside ship-to-ship (STS) transfer system for LNG. It addresses the
a pipeline bundle. The pipeline bundle was fabricated and launched qualification of the cryogenic hoses and the emergency-disconnect
near Wick in the north of Scotland. The bundle was successfully couplings as well as the operational procedures for the berthing and
transported and installed offshore by the company using its transfer operation offshore. The system uses standard components
controlled depth tow method. Full scale lining and bending trials adapted only where needed for its new function. The operational
plus pressure testing have been conducted to verify the integrity of procedures for berthing offshore have a long and proven track
candidate liners and connectors when subjected to extreme record in the oil lightering industry. The net result is a simple and
installation and operational design conditions. (Copyright 2009 cost effective solution for offshore transfer of LNG, developed in a
OTC) fast and efficient manner and already proven with more than 10
................................................................ commercial operations. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
................................................................
LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS 1,003,606
PIPE TESTING 1,003,609
LNG TRANSFER IN HARSH ENVIRONMENTS -
INTRODUCTION OF A NEW CONCEPT [R] PIPE EVALUATION APPARATUS AND METHOD
S.Hoog, H.Koch, R.Huhn, C.Frohne, J.Homann, G.Clauss, J.Middleton, asr. (Tuscan Corrosion Ctrl Ltd). Gr. Brit.
F.Sprenger and D.Testa (IMPaC Offshore Engineering; Nexans). 2,442,909A, p. 4/16/2008, f. 8/9/2006 (Appl. 0,802,442), pr. Gr. Brit.
OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, 8/9/2005 (Appl. 0,516,353) and World 8/9/2006 (Appl. 0,602,976)
TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; (G01N-0027/87; G01N-0017/00; G01N-0017/02; G01N-0017/04). (50
OTC-19866; Available on CD-ROM; 13 pp; 8 refs) pp) SRPA# 929,412
One of the most challenging questions with regard to the [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #929,412]
technical part of the LNG (liquefied natural gas) supply chain has ................................................................
not been answered satisfactorily yet: How can LNG be safely and
reliably transferred between a floating terminal platform and a PIPE TESTING 1,003,610
shuttle tanker in harsh environmental conditions? The problem PROBLEMS OF PRESSURE TESTING OF POLYETHYLENE
consists of two main technical issues. The first is the vessel mooring GAS PIPELINES [PROBLEMY REALIZACJI PROB
configuration (e.g. side-by-side (SbS), tandem). The second is the CISNIENIOWYCH GAZOCIAGOW Z POLIETYLENU]
type and appropriate handling of the transfer lines for the A.Klupa, J.J.Czopek and A.Wroblewska (Oil & Gas Inst
cryogenic liquid. The innovative offshore LNG loading system (Poland)). NAFTA-GAZ v.63, no.5, pp.341-346, May 2007. (ISSN
Maritime Pipe Loading System 20 (MPLS20) is proposed by the 0867-8871; 6 refs; In Polish)
project partners Nexans and Brugg, manufacturers of vacuum In Poland, polyethylene gas pipelines were being field pressure
insulated, flexible cryogenic transfer pipes, IMPaC, an engineering tested as long ago as the 1970s. During pressure testing of
company and the Technical University Berlin, Department of Land polyethylene pipelines it is necessary to provide allowance for the
and Sea Transportation Systems, with expertise in numerical fact that polyethylene pipes expand under pressure and are subject
analyses and model tests. The new concept is based on a unique to creep. Standards implemented in Poland acknowledged the
tandem mooring configuration that introduces a mooring bay for phenomenon, but did not provide specific guidance for making
the shuttle tanker. Extensive numerical simulations are conducted allowance. In this paper, results of pattern tests of polyethylene
to determine the envelope of motions and mooring forces. LNG pipework conducted by the Oil and Gas Institute for evaluation of
transfer can take place even under severe environmental conditions the pressure drop caused by the strain of a pipe material are
which makes this new concept superior to other approaches such as presented.
side-by-side configurations using composite hoses. (Copyright 2009 ................................................................
OTC)
................................................................ PIPELINE ANCHORING 1,003,611
MULTIPHASE FLOWMETER 1,003,607 EVALUATION AND MITIGATION OF AXIAL WALKING
WITH A FOCUS ON DEEP WATER FLOWLINES
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MEASURING LIQUID H.Rong, R.Inglis, G.Bell, Z.Huang and R.Chan (J P Kenny).
AND GAS FLOW RATES IN A STRATIFIED MULTI-PHASE OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston,
FLOW TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
A.S.Rawat. U.S. 2009/0,006,008A1, p. 1/1/2009, f. 6/30/2008 OTC-19862; Available on CD-ROM; 10 pp; 10 refs)
(Appl. 164,828), pr. U.S. 6/28/2007 (Appl. 60/946,735) Axial walking is the cumulative axial displacement of a
(G01F-0001/74). (17 pp) complete flowline length occurring over a number of start up and
A method and apparatus for measuring a flow rate of a shut in cycles, which may lead to excessive end movement and
component of a stratified two-phase fluid flow within a ultimately the failure of tie-in jumper/spool connection. The
substantially horizontally extending pipe is provided. The method phenomenon is evaluated for the relatively short deep water
includes the steps of (1) determining a first fluid velocity value and flowlines which are operated under the following conditions: very
a second fluid velocity value within the pipe section; (2) soft clay soil; high slope seabed profile; and steep temperature

gradient during start up and shut down. This paper addresses a PIPELINE FLOW 1,003,615
study of deep water flowline walking through detailed finite
element simulation with ABAQUS. The non-linearity of pipe-soil THE ADVANCE TOWARDS WANDA MULTI-PHASE:
friction and pipe material, the seabed profile, the pressure and SIMULATIONS OF FAST TRANSIENTS IN MULTI-PHASE
temperature profile, and the connected pipeline end termination PIPELINES
(PLET) resistance are considered. The effects of different A.G.T.J.Heinsbroek and H.Hartmann (Delft Hydraulics). 6TH
parameters on the pipeline axial walking are studied, especially for BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH
the pipe-soil friction models which are critical and heavily AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008)
dependent on the embedment for the deep water flowline. A range PROCEEDINGS pp.57-68, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also
of friction curves (LB, BE and UB) and mobilization distances are available on CD-ROM; 2 refs)
considered due to the uncertainty and complexities involved in the This paper presents results of gas dynamics simulations in a
deep water soil properties. Possible mitigation methods for axial multi-phase (gas/condensate) pipeline. The code is already applied
walking are further discussed. The advantage and disadvantages of in various consultancy projects concerning choke-valve break-out
each option are compared with respect to cost, possibility of success and it is part of the ongoing development of a gas dynamics module
and conditions. (Copyright 2009 OTC) that will be integrated within the (currently single-phase)
................................................................ WANDA(c) software package. The choke-valve break-out scenario
has been simulated with our newly developed validated code which
PIPELINE CORROSION 1,003,612 solves for transient flow of compressible fluids through pipelines by
solving the conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy
URETHANE-LINED POLYMER COMPOSITE PIPE IS combined with a constitutive law (ideal gas law and others). In this
DESIGNED TO RESIST SLURRY HYDROTRANSPORT way, the model is able to solve for pressure surges with a variable,
ABRASION AND CORROSION temperature dependent wave speed. Furthermore, the model
P.Mertiny (Alberta Univ). MATERIALS PERFORMANCE v.47, accounts for the presence of liquid slugs in local depressions of the
no.8, pp.16-18, Aug. 2008. (ISSN 0094-1492) pipeline, which will even further force up pressure due to reflection
To resolve hydrotransport pipeline erosion and corrosion of the travelling pressure wave.
problems experienced when mining the oil sands deposits in ................................................................
northeastern Alberta, researchers with the Advanced Composite
and Materials Engineering Group at the University of Alberta PIPELINE FLOW 1,003,616
(Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) have developed a novel, filament-
wound, fiber-reinforced polymer pipe with an intrinsically bonded USE OF MULTIPHASE ANALYSIS TO ENHANCE
polymeric internal liner that is capable of venting trapped volatiles. PRODUCTION OPERATIONS IN THE LOBO GAS
Granular, bitumen-rich materials from oil sands deposits are moved GATHERING SYSTEM
from the mine and processing plants as an aqueous slurry through T.J.Danielson and Q.T.Bui (ConocoPhillips Co). 6TH BHR
pipeline hydrotransport. The massive amounts of slurry mixture GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN
causes significant metal loss in conventional metal pipelines, CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS
particularly along the bottom inside half of the pipes. Abrasion- and pp.69-86, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; 5
corrosion-resistant polymer liners show promise as an economical refs)
means to increase the service life of metal pipes. The Lobo Gas Gathering System, owned and operated by
................................................................ ConocoPhillips, gathers gas in Webb and Zapata counties (Texas)
then feeds into central gathering/dehydration points which enter
PIPELINE CROSSING 1,003,613 Lobo Pipeline system. Lobo Pipeline system terminates at a central
processing facility at King Ranch and interstate pipelines at Agua
[R] STEEL-CASED PIPELINE PRACTICES Dulce. Many of the lines are multiphase (gas-condensate-
NACE STANDARD SP0200-2008 2008. (ISBN 1-57590-094-7; water/glycol or gas-condensate) due to operation upsets or low
Revised RP0200-2000; 23 pp; 9 refs) SRLA# 757,443 velocity due to field depletion. As a result, system prediction and
[For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #757,443] optimization are difficult. Further,significant back-pressure is
................................................................ placed on the system by liquid dropout and collection in uphill
sections of the pipelines. ConocoPhillips has developed a
PIPELINE FLOW 1,003,614 multiphase model for these lines, tunable to Supervisory Control
ADVANCED SIMULATION OF GAS-LIQUID PIPELINES and Data Acquisition (SCADA) data, which respects the
P.Andreussi, M.Bonizzi, A.Di Lullo, M.Margarone, A.Scotti and complexities of multiphase flow. This model has allowed
S.Taddei (Pisa Univ; TEA Sistemi; Eni E&P). 6TH BHR GROUP ConocoPhillips to alter operations to reduce the liquid
MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN accumulation, resulting in lower overall operating pressure and
CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS increased production.
pp.5-19, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; ................................................................
Over 10 refs)
PIPELINE FLOW 1,003,617
In this work, a new simulation tool named MAST (multiphase
flow analysis and simulation of transitions) is used for the analysis COMPARISON OF TWO PHASE PIPE FLOW
of gas-liquid and gas-liquid-liquid pipeline flow under unsteady or EXPERIMENTS WITH A ROLL WAVE MODEL AND A
transient flow conditions. The two-phase, isothermal version of the COMMERCIAL SIMULATOR
code is described elsewhere. The present version of the code A.De Leebeeck, O.J.Nydal, G.W.Johnson, J.I.Monsen and
considers the presence of three phases (gas-liquid-liquid) and six A.Goldszal (Norwegian Univ Sci Technol; StatoilHydro; Total E&P
flow fields (dispersed and continuous gas and liquid phases) and is Norge AS). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY
based on the numerical integration by an explicit method of the NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008)
mass, momentum and energy conservation equations. In this paper, PROCEEDINGS pp.143-155, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also
the dynamic features of the code are validated against a set of available on CD-ROM; 6 refs)
measurements relative to gas-liquid slug flow in a 400-m-long, A model for roll waves was compared with two-phase flow data
0.2-m ID pipe and the code is used to interpret field data relative to from experiments with a gas-condensate system at high pressure in
an existing pipeline 27.5-km-long, 0.4-m ID operating in a pressure upward and downward inclined pipes, and with commercial
range between 70 and 35 bar, used for the transportation of well multiphase flow simulator software OLGA(R) which does not include
fluids (gas, oil and water) from the producing wells to the a particular model for wavy flow. Wavy flow in the commercial
separation unit. simulator is treated as averaged stratified flow. The roll wave model
................................................................ without any tuning to the data and the commercial simulator gave
similarly accurate results for experiments with large amplitude
waves. The roll wave model also provided additional information on
large roll wave flow such as wave length, speed and height.
................................................................

PIPELINE FLOW 1,003,618 PIPELINE FLOW 1,003,621
SAND TRANSPORT CHARACTERISTICS IN WATER AND A GROWTH MODEL FOR DYNAMIC SLUGS IN GAS/LIQUID
TWO-PHASE AIR/WATER FLOWS IN PIPELINES HORIZONTAL PIPES
S.Al-Iababidi, W.Yan, H.Yeung, P.Sugarman and C.P.Fairhurst U.Kadri, R.F.Mudde and R.V.A.Oliemans (Delft Univ Technol).
(Cranfield Univ; BP Exploration & Prod). 6TH BHR GROUP 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH
MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008)
CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS PROCEEDINGS pp.241-254, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also
pp.159-174, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; available on CD-ROM; Over 10 refs)
Over 10 refs) A new theoretical model for determining the dynamic slug
With the advent of subsea tiebacks and horizontal wells, sand length has been developed. Given the flow conditions and pipe
transport in multiphase pipeline is of key interest for oil and gas diameter, the model estimates the length of a growing slug as a
companies. This paper presents experimental works to investigate function of time. The model considers the flow rates entering and
the sand behaviour in water and in two-phase air/water flows. The leaving the slug by calculating the relative velocity and the liquid
investigations were undertaken in 2-inch (ID = 0.05 m) horizontal height at its front and tail. Viscous long wavelength theory and the
and 5 degrees upward inclined pipelines. The concentration effect slug stability model were used for calculating the liquid level in
on sand transport velocity was also studied. The sand volume both stratified and fully developed slug flow. The change in liquid
concentration used ranged from 0.00053% (5 lb/1,000 bbl) up to level at the back of the slugs was calculated using geometric
0.053% (500 lb/1,000 bbl). Based on the definition of King et al. relations and flow conditions. Assumptions based on average slug
(2000), the velocity at minimum transport condition (mtc) for water growth were made in order to calculate the average final slug
and two-phase air/water flows was determined by visual length. Special attention is given to the prediction of the long slug
observation. Pressure drop was also measured and was used to region. The model predicts the transition from long to
assist in the interpretation of the sand behaviour. The sand hydrodynamic slugs for different pipe diameters. The predictions
transport characteristic map for transported and non-transported were validated by comparison with experimental data. The
regions was developed for two-phase air/water flows in both accuracy of the predictions is satisfactory for most gas flow rates.
horizontal and uphill pipelines. ................................................................
................................................................
A METHODOLOGY FOR FAST THERMODYNAMIC
SOLIDS RE-ENTRAINMENT IN AN INCLINED PIPE USING COMPUTATION OF MIXED COMPOSITION STREAMS:
AIR-WATER FLOW APPLICATION TO SUBSEA PIPELINE MODELLING
I.Pothof, W.van Kesteren, R.Roberts and G.Kouba (Delft P.Dhoorjaty, D.Erickson and P.Parthasarathy (Multiphase
Hydraulics; Chevron). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE Solutions Inc). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008)
Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS pp.175-188, 2008. (ISBN PROCEEDINGS pp.323-339, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also
1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; 3 refs) available on CD-ROM; 7 refs)
Air-water-solids experiments were performed in a large-scale We consider the problem of simulating a multiphase pipeline
inclined test rig with a pipe diameter of 220 mm. One of the main network with streams of various compositions and subsea
objectives of this research project was the determination of the separators. An explicit, algebraic thermodynamic model has been
liquid film velocity to remove a sediment bed from the bottom of the developed for mixture and flash calculations. This obviates the need
incline under gas dominated flow conditions. To test the effect of for expensive compositional simulation and yields the speedups
solids composition on this film velocity, a wide variety of solids necessary for operator training and engineering simulator systems.
mixtures was used. This paper discusses the test rig, the set-up of The model calculates the gas mass fraction in terms of a few
the experiments, and part of the results of the bed removal tests, characterization parameters, determined a priori from
highlighting the erosion mechanisms, the required liquid film compositional data. Predictions are accurate to within 10% over
velocities and the effect of the solids composition on the bed large ranges of pressure and temperature. The model is
removal. incorporated into a pipeline simulator and applied to a real-world,
................................................................ deepwater oil and gas system. Relevant operational scenarios
involving transients due to stream mixing, varying subsea
PIPELINE FLOW 1,003,620 separator conditions, and gas breakout and absorption in post-
separation liquids are illustrated.
SLUG FREQUENCY IN GAS/LIQUID HORIZONTAL FLOW
................................................................
E.Al-Safran (Kuwait Univ). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE
TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, PIPELINE LEAK 1,003,623
Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS pp.217-240, 2008. (ISBN
1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; Over 10 refs) DIFFUSION PROCESS OF LEAKAGE GAS CAUSED BY
The objective of this study is to phenomenologically investigate PIPELINE ACCIDENTS
the parameters controlling slug frequency in horizontal two-phase Z.Yang, J.B.Lai and J.L.Han (Tianjin Univ). NATURAL GAS
pipe flow and to develop a predictive empirical correlation. In this INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.14a-15a,97-99,
study, two aspects governing slug frequency are investigated, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In Chinese)
namely the slug initiation mechanism at the pipe entrance region [Full article and English abstract available from T.U.]
(entrance effect) and the flow development along the pipe (pipe ................................................................
length effect). Experimental results show that fully developed slugs
generated under the hydrodynamic slugging mechanism have lower PIPELINE LEAK 1,003,624
frequency than those generated under the terrain slugging
LEAKAGE MODEL OF NATURAL GAS PIPELINE
mechanism for high Froude number conditions (NFr > 3).
S.P.Xiang, L.Feng and Y.C.Zhou (Tongji Univ; PLA Logistical
Conversely, fully developed slugs generated under the terrain
Eng Univ). NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE)
slugging mechanism have frequency greater than those generated
v.27, no.7, pp.15a,100-102, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In
under hydrodynamic slugging frequency in low Froude number
Chinese)
conditions (NFr < 3). Based on the understanding of the related
physical parameters to slug frequency, a new slug frequency
................................................................
correlation is developed using a broad range experimental data
base.
................................................................

PIPELINE PRESSURE 1,003,625 SLUG FLOW 1,003,629
RECOVERY AND UTILIZATION OF PRESSURE ENERGY MULTI-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS OF SLUG AND
OF NATURAL GAS PIPELINE NETWORK SLUG-LIKE FLOWS IN INCLINED PIPES AND CHANNELS
J.Wen and M.F.Xu (Xi’an Jiaotong Univ). NATURAL GAS H.Laux, E.A.Meese, S.Mo, S.T.Johansen, K.M.Bansal,
INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, pp.16a,106-108, T.J.Danielson, A.Goldszal and J.I.Monsen (SINTEF; ConocoPhillips
7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In Chinese) Co). 6TH BHR GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] AMERICAN CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008)
................................................................ PROCEEDINGS pp.21-37, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also
RISER PIPE 1,003,626 Over the past years, a novel transient multiphase flow
simulator, called LedaFlow, with both one- and multi-dimensional
EFFECT OF UPSTREAM CONDITIONS ON THE TWO
capabilities has been developed by ConocoPhillips, Total and
PHASE FLOW IN THE LARGE DIAMETER VERTICAL PIPE
SINTEF. This paper presents LedaFlow results from a study of two-
S.F.Ali and H.Yeung (Cranfield Univ). 6TH BHR GROUP
phase flows in inclined pipes (slug flow, slug statistics, transitional
MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN
flow) and a horizontal channel (slug-like flow, slug propagation).
Multi-dimensional simulation results obtained with LedaFlow are
compared with experimental results, and with simulation results
Over 10 refs)
obtained with a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Two phase flow in large diameter vertical pipes is of
code (CFX-5.7). It is demonstrated that complex flow regimes such
considerable importance to various fields of multiphase flows.
as gravity-induced and hydrodynamic slugging, and transitional
Recently, due to increase in demand in various energy sectors
flow (between wavy-stratified and slug flow) are naturally predicted
considerable attention has been paid in understanding the flow
with the LedaFlow quasi three-dimensional (Q3D) model.
behavior in large diameter vertical pipes. This paper reports the
................................................................
experimental results of flow pattern identification in relatively
large diameter (254 mm) vertical pipe. The present work also SLUG FLOW 1,003,630
investigates the effect of upstream conditions on the flow patterns
occurring in the vertical test section. The observed flow patterns RECENT ADVANCES IN SLUG FLOW MODELLING
are classified as bubbly, agitated bubbly, unstable slug and P.Adames, S.Smith, W.Svrcek and B.Young (Neotechnology
churn/froth flow. Absence of hydrodynamic slugging, i.e., non- Consult Ltd; Calgary Univ; Auckland Univ). 6TH BHR GROUP
occurrence of Taylor bubble in the riser is also reported. It is found MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN
that agitated bubbly and churn/froth type of flows dominates in the CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS
vertical large diameter pipe under the condition where pp.41-55, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM;
conventional small diameter pipe indicates slug flow. Experimental Over 10 refs)
results demonstrate the sensitivity of the flow patterns occurring in There has been a convergence of ideas for mechanistic, unified,
the vertical section with the upstream conditions in the flowline. one-dimensional two-phase slug flow modelling in the past two
The statistical analysis performed on the data along with visual decades. The focal point of this convergence has been the
observations, suggests that liquid slugs formed in flowline dissipate observation that there is a controlling maximum velocity in the
as they traveled up the riser due to the high velocity distorted structure with a narrow probability distribution. Therefore, the
bubble clusters. basic equations of mass continuity between the dispersed liquid
................................................................ slug, the segregated film section, and the whole slug unit cell can be
simplified by referencing the position coordinate to an inertial
RISK ANALYSIS 1,003,627 frame of reference moving at this characteristic maximum velocity.
In this work, the effect of using better closure relations is shown to
METHOD OF ASSIGNING WEIGHT TO RISK FACTORS OF
have a beneficial effect in the overall prediction capabilities of a
OIL AND GAS PIPELINE
given slug flow model. Examples are given of how a mechanistic
Z.G.Zhao, A.L.Yao, X.F.Zhao and Y.Bo (China National Petrol
liquid slug hold-up model can improve a structurally complex model
Corp; Southwest Petroleum Univ; Chongqing Univ Sci Technol).
that integrates the momentum balance along non-uniform bubble
NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7,
profile while other improvements in geometry and momentum
pp.15a-16a,103-105,108, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In
balance can contribute to capture the measured slug characteristics
Chinese)
through a simplified slug model that assumes a constant film
thickness.
................................................................
................................................................
SEAL 1,003,628
STEEL PLATE 1,003,631
SEALING APPARATUS
STEEL PLATE FOR SUBMERGED ARC WELDING
A.G.Bowie. U.S. 2009/0,020,180A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 7/21/2008
M.Hamada, T.Kamo, S.Okaguchi, N.Takahashi and T.Fukuba.
(Appl. 176,532), pr. Gr. Brit. 7/21/2007 (Appl. 0,714,294)
U.S. 2009/0,022,619A1, p. 1/22/2009, f. 9/12/2008 (Appl. 232,196), pr.
(F16L-0055/16). (7 pp)
Japan 3/16/2006 (Appl. 2006-073,150) and U.S. 3/14/2007 (Appl.
An apparatus for sealing a pipe having a defect or penetration
0,755,041) (C22C-0038/42; C22C-0038/04; C22C-0038/60). (9 pp)
comprises a housing coupled to the pipe by a clamp member. A
A steel plate for submerged arc welding having good low
piston is mounted in the housing and the piston and housing define
temperature toughness at a fusion line vicinity part and a
a chamber. The piston further comprises a port for providing fluid
boundary with the base material in HAZ as well as at the base
communication between the pipe and the chamber. A seal member
material and the weld metal is provided. The steel plate for
is provided between the piston and the pipe and, in use, the
submerged arc welding according to the invention contains, by
apparatus is located over and/or around the defect or penetration in
mass, 0.03% to 0.09% C, 1.5% to 2.5% Mn, 0.005% to 0.025% Nb,
the pipe such that the seal member engages the pipe. The piston is
0.005% to 0.02% Ti, 0.01% to 0.06% Al, at most 0.0005% B, 0.001%
urged towards the pipe by a fluid pressure force generated by fluid
to 0.008% N, at most 0.015% P, at most 0.015% S, and at most
in the pipe thereby maintain sealing engagement between the seal
0.006% O, and the balance consists of Fe and impurities. Therefore,
member and the pipe and to prevent leakage of fluid through the
the steel plate according to the present invention has good low
penetration. The seal has application to the petroleum industry for
temperature toughness not only at the fusion line vicinity part and
pipeline and well tubing repair.
the boundary with a base material in the HAZ but also in the base
................................................................
material and weld metal. The steel plate is a base material for a
welded steel pipe for use in a pipeline through which petroleum or
natural gas is transported.
................................................................

ULTRASONIC TESTING 1,003,632 sweeping, the pipe rises close to the original soil surface. At this
stage, the resistance is governed by the growth of a soil berm ahead
DEVELOPMENTS IN DISCONTINUITY SIZING USING of the pipe. Accurate assessment of the near-surface soil strength is
AUTOMATED ULTRASONIC TESTING - AN difficult, hampering the use of theoretical solutions.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ................................................................
L.L.Morgan, M.G.Lozev, D.Hodgkinson and R.L.Spencer (MIC
Ltd; Edison Welding Inst; TransCanada Pipelines Ltd). UNDERWATER PIPELINE 1,003,635
MATERIALS EVALUATION v.66, no.8, pp.851-857, Aug. 2008.
(ISSN 0025-5327; 7 refs) AN ANALYSIS OF THE CHALLENGES OF
Two independent experimental evaluations of automated MANUFACTURING AND INSTALLING ONE OF THE
ultrasonic testing systems have been compared. When equivalent WORLD’S DEEPEST PIPELINES
setups were applied, the results were consistent. The two data sets M.Connelly, R.Freeman and M.Cizek (Corus Tubes Ltd;
were then joined and provided a sizeable set for analysis. This Williams Field Services). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY
allowed an evaluation of whether the heights of surface and buried CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009)
discontinuities could be sized to different accuracies. This PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19883;
proposition was not supported by the data. The role of outlier data Available on CD-ROM; 13 pp; 7 refs)
points was then investigated and they were found to have a strong Corus Tubes was the sole supplier of 457 mm (18 in.) linepipe
influence on statistical measures. A set of these outlier for the Williams Perdido Norte project. At 2514 msw Perdido is one
discontinuities was investigated further and their properties of the deepest large diameter export pipelines in the world. The
analyzed before selection for further study by computer modeling. depth of the pipeline, coupled with the severely undulating seabed
The importance of defining the lengths of discontinuities in a bathymetry, made it one of the most challenging projects completed
consistent way is also important in the acceptance or rejection of to date. In total, 312.3 km of 457 mm (18 in.) outside diameter
discontinuities, and options are considered. linepipe was delivered in thicknesses ranging from 19.1 mm to 27.0
................................................................ mm; dimensions well beyond the production capabilities of most
UOE mills. The characteristics of the UOE process are described.
ULTRASONIC TESTING 1,003,633 Pipe of this quality, apart from ensuring deepwater integrity, helps
realize tangible benefits during the installation phase by offering a
EVALUATION OF STRESSES GENERATED BY WELDING high level of product consistency that facilitates welding. Despite
IN API 5L X65 STEEL USING ACOUSTOELASTICITY demanding offshore welding defect acceptance criteria, pipeline
A.A.Santos, M.H.Andrino, D.E.Bray and R.E.Trevisan fabrication was successfully completed with low levels of repair,
(Campinas State Univ; Don E Bray Inc). MATERIALS attributable in part to the quality of the pipe produced. This paper
EVALUATION v.66, no.8, pp.858-864, Aug. 2008. (ISSN 0025-5327; documents the factors that led to the successful design and supply
Over 10 refs) of the Perdido Norte linepipe. Corus Tubes’ technical achievements
API 5L X65 steels are used to manufacture pipe for gas and oil will be described in detail from collaboration in terms of pipe
pipelines. Several countries use a manual welding process that specification, through plate selection and supply, to eventual pipe
utilizes coated electrodes. During the process of welding by manufacture and delivery. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
deposition, residual stresses appear in the welding region. It is ................................................................
crucial that these stresses be known in order to accurately assess
the service life of the junction, since these stresses may combine UNDERWATER PIPELINE 1,003,636
with applied stresses and result in failures. This paper describes
the use of acoustoelasticity to evaluate the stress profile in welded GLOBAL BUCKLE CONTROL WITH DUAL SLEEPERS IN
joints. The technique is based on the measurement of speed HP/HT PIPELINES
variation of ultrasonic longitudinal critically refracted waves and Q.Bai, X.Qi and M.Brunner (Technip USA Inc). OFFSHORE
the relationship between this speed variation and the change in TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] (Houston, TX,
stress patterns. The variation of speed is also directly related to the 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN 978-1-55563-244-1;
properties and the manufacturing characteristics of the material OTC-19888; Available on CD-ROM; 12 pp; 7 refs)
analyzed. Stresses were measured in the longitudinal direction of High pressure/high temperature (HP/HT) pipelines may
the welding cord. The original plates were stress relieved. The significantly expand and contract longitudinally during operational
ultrasound results show good agreement with the expected stress heating and cooling cycles, resulting in global buckle formation at
profile, although additional studies are needed to assess the naturally occurring locations with high out-of-straightness. This
magnitude of stresses in the thermally affected areas resulting global buckling behavior may be unacceptable if it is not properly
from structural changes and the addition of welding material. managed. To manage global buckling, planned buckle initiators
................................................................ such as distributed buoyancy sections or sleeper pipe upsets are
often designed to ensure pipeline integrity. However, the commonly
UNDERWATER PIPELINE 1,003,634 considered single-sleeper upsets are not always feasible due to
pipeline operational limitations. The upset of a pipeline using two
MECHANISMS OF PIPE EMBEDMENT AND LATERAL parallel sleepers separated by a short distance may initiate pipeline
BREAKOUT ON SOFT CLAY global buckling more easily under a lower compression load. The
H.R.C.Dingle, D.J.White and C.Gaudin (Western Australia dual-sleeper will also provide lower stresses and stress ranges
Univ). CANADIAN GEOTECHNICAL JOURNAL v.45, no.5, during thermal cycling when compared with the single-sleeper,
pp.636-652, May 2008. (ISSN 0008-3674; Over 10 refs) especially for larger diameter pipelines. This paper discusses the
Pipelines laid on the seabed expand and contract during applications of dual sleepers as global buckle initiators, stress
operating cycles as a result of thermal loading, which can lead to control devices, and vertical upsets for pipeline crossings, and
lateral buckling. Analysis of this behaviour requires assessment of presents results obtained through finite-element modeling. A case
the vertical penetration and lateral breakout responses. This paper study is presented, in which buckle initiation reliability, stress
reports centrifuge modelling of these processes using advanced mitigation in global lateral buckles, and fatigue due to thermal
image analysis techniques to observe the soil deformation. Simple cycling and vortex induced vibration (VIV) are analyzed for the
mechanisms are fitted to the observed deformation patterns, dual sleeper configuration. (Copyright 2009 OTC)
allowing the mobilized soil strength to be back-calculated. The ................................................................
vertical embedment mechanisms closely match plasticity solutions.
Even if heave is accounted for, the penetration resistance is slightly VISCOUS CRUDE OIL 1,003,637
higher than calculations based on the undrained strength inferred
from a T-bar penetrometer. This discrepancy can be attributed to EFFECTS OF HIGH OIL VISCOSITY ON DRIFT VELOCITY
the additional remoulding and softening during steady flow around FOR HORIZONTAL PIPES
a T-bar compared to shallow pipe penetration. The lateral breakout B.Gokcal, A.S.Al-Sarkhi and C.Sarica (Tulsa Univ). 6TH BHR
response is brittle, and the peak resistance is governed by the GROUP MULTIPHASE TECHNOLOGY NORTH AMERICAN
available tensile resistance behind the pipe. During steady lateral CONFERENCE (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) PROCEEDINGS

pp.207-214, 2008. (ISBN 1-85598-097-6; Also available on CD-ROM; W.P.C.Duyvesteyn. U.S. 2008/0,156,702A1, p. 7/3/2008, f.
9 refs) 1/8/2008 (Appl. 971,046), pr. U.S. 3/7/2006 (Appl. 371,327) and U.S.
In this paper, a mechanistic model is developed to evaluate drift 11/21/2007 (Appl. 60/989,595) (C10G-0001/04). (15 pp) SRPA#
velocity for high viscosity oils in horizontal pipes. The model is 951,476
based on mass and energy balance equations which are solved [For abstract and indexing, see Abstract #951,476]
explicitly. An experimental program has been carried out using a ................................................................
50.8-mm (2-in.) inner diameter indoor flow loop. The experimental
results are used to validate the proposed model. The model could be
easily implemented into translational velocity equation. It improves BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
the existing two-phase flow models in the development and
maintenance of heavy oil fields.
................................................................ ALASKA 1,003,642
SPECIAL REPORT: ARCTIC DRILLING AND PRODUCTION
ALT FUELS & ENERGY SOURCES - ALASKAN TAX REFORM: INTENT MET WITH OIL: PT.1
D.E.Dickinson and D.A.Wood. OIL & GAS JOURNAL v.107,
no.20, pp.20-22,24-26, 5/25/2009. (ISSN 0030-1388; 4 refs)
GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR 1,003,638 The two-part series takes a detailed look at a crucial element of
Alaskan production: taxes. In 2006 and 2007, the State of Alaska
A FAST AND RELIABLE METHODOLOGY FOR undertook fundamental reforms to its oil and gas production tax,
ESTIMATING FRACTURED RESERVOIR GEOMETRY making it much more progressive. Among the goals of these
FROM TRACER TEST reforms, two were key. One was to capture more value for the state
U.Aslam and M.Sheraz (Stavanger Univ). 16TH SPE MIDDLE at higher energy prices. As the legislature was debating the reforms
EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] in 2006, prices for Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude for the first
(Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119120; time crossed the $40/bbl barrier. An equal or more important goal
Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp; Over 10 refs) was to improve the environment for attracting investments needed
This paper presents a method for determining storage capacity to slow or reverse the decline in the state’s oil production. Forecast
and relative flow for fractured geothermal reservoirs. The tracer to average 701,000 b/d in the current state fiscal year of 2009,
effluent history at any given production well is used in an Excel production had exceeded 2 million b/d in the late 1980s. This article
spreadsheet application to estimate relative flow vs. storage shows that the 2006-2007 production tax reforms were
capacity. The method transforms tracer effluent data into data phenomenally successful for the state. Alaska collected several
useful in plotting F-C diagrams. Such diagrams can be used semi- billion dollars in additional oil production tax revenue as prices for
quantitatively: X% of flow comes from Y% of pore volume. Open ANS crude peaked above $140/bbl in the summer of 2008. The
flow boundaries do not change the accuracy of the method. The state’s take from the tax hike was almost 500% higher than it
single drawback to the method is that no information regarding the would have been without the reforms. However, as oil production
spatial distribution of the fractured network is preserved. The declines from supergiant Prudhoe Bay field, the focus in the state
presented method works equally well in open and closed reservoirs. has turned toward Alaska’s immense reserves of unexploited
This method provides a good understanding of the fractured natural gas. If sufficient investment can be attracted to build a
network connecting injection and extraction points. Embedded in pipeline to transport gas from the North Slope to market, a feature
the definition of flow capacity and storage capacity is the fracture of the state’s production tax may limit performance under high oil
area, Ai. Given independent estimates of fracture (or rubble zone) prices similar to the 2008 spike. This series identifies additional
length and porosity, we can estimate an average fracture area. This concerns about how some of the investment incentives might work
may allow the estimation of specific surface area for heat transfer. if a new pipeline to export gas is added to the mix.
This technique can also be applied to a real tracer test in ................................................................
geothermal fields. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
................................................................ BUSINESS MODEL 1,003,643
GRINDING 1,003,639 THE DIGITAL ASSET: CONNECTING PEOPLE,

TECHNOLOGY, AND PROCESSES IN A COLLABORATIVE
MULTIPLE ROLL CRUSHER ENVIRONMENT
V.Raaz and D.Papajewski. U.S. 2009/0,020,637A1, p. 1/22/2009, J.Grable, B.Sanstrom and G.Wylie (Halliburton Energy Service).
f. 1/11/2007 (Appl. 162,813), pr. Ger. 2/3/2006 (Appl. 06,005,017) SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX,
and World 1/11/2007 (Appl. 0,700,188) (B02C-0015/00). (14 pp) 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122508; Available on
A multiple roll crusher is provided for crushing of mineral CD-ROM; 16 pp; 5 refs)
material, more particularly of coal or oil sand. The multiple roll The industry has begun to accept change due to their desired
crusher includes at least three crusher rolls, the rotation axes of demand for improved efficiencies. These efficiencies include
which lie parallel to each other and horizontal or roughly integrating the workforce (both service and operating groups),
horizontal. All directly neighboring crusher rolls have opposite improving quality and efficiency of workflows, and improving the
directions of rotation. A connecting line of the rotation axes has at technologies that are feeding into the Digital Asset(TM) service.
least one kink. Such technologies are better formation evaluation measurements,
................................................................ better geological models, and faster reservoir simulators, better
able to integrate production data for comparison to the geological
HYDROGEN 1,003,640 models. Connecting people and improving technology and
workflows allow the right decisions to be made at the right time
[R] GLOBAL POSSIBILITIES OF FUTURE METHANE AND
while spending the least amount of effort. This paper will discuss
HYDROGEN ECONOMIES
the challenge of doing more with less, exploiting more difficult
R.F.Aguilera and R.Aguilera (Vienna Univ; Calgary Univ).
reserves while lowering costs, increasing profits while reducing
JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY v.61, no.6,
risk, and speeding up work processes while cutting non-productive
pp.34,36-39, June 2009. (ISSN 0149-2136; Over 10 refs) SRLA#
time. The answers lie within a series of steps towards cultural
979,565
change: utilizing real-time collaborative environments allowing
simple workflow methodologies to be applied and feeding improved
................................................................
measurements into improved models while continuous optimization
TAR SAND OIL RECOVERY 1,003,641 occurs while simultaneously actual operations occur. (Copyright
2009 SPE)
[R] SEPARATION OF TAILINGS THAT INCLUDE ................................................................
ASPHALTENES

BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
BUSINESS MODEL 1,003,644 hostile parts of the world, global operations with dispersed
personnel frequently require such operations support centers to be
COMBINING VALUE-BASED COMPUTER FUNCTIONALITY virtualized. Reliable and secure information flow is central to
AND AN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE APPROACH TO ensuring success in the contemporary oil field. A previous paper
DELIVER A USEFUL SOLUTION TO USERS: THE CASE OF outlined the significant challenges of process, networking, security,
OPERATING PROCEDURES ON ALASKA’S NORTH SLOPE hardware, and software infrastructure encountered in creating and
P.Floyd (RWD Technologies). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY supporting these integrated operations centers. Another paper
CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. reported on some of the progress in meeting these challenges, with
(SPE-122757; Available on CD-ROM; 10 pp; Over 10 refs) particular focus on the actual applications that support oilfield
This paper is a case study describing a recently completed, operations. This paper focuses on challenges and solutions
successful information management project on the oilfields of the encountered in actually using such integrated operations centers,
north slope of Alaska. The project goals were to increase with particular emphasis on people issues, including change
environmental and safety performance, through addressing the management, training, and collaboration. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
barriers associated with procedure compliance and usage. This was ................................................................
to be enabled in part by leveraging the benefits from recent
advances in computer technology, as well as a number of other BUSINESS OPERATION 1,003,647
change levers. The barriers and issues centered around procedure
quality, search, retrieval, control and use. The project included a WHAT LESSONS CAN DIGITAL OILFIELD
new IT application, associated data management, new workflows PRACTITIONERS LEARN FROM DEFENCE INITIATIVES
and processes, revised roles, skills and behaviors, and associated SUCH AS NETWORK ENABLED CAPABILITY?
culture change in a challenging and complex operational setting. M.Popham and T.Edwards (BAE Systems; Stepchange Global).
The case study provides details of the project from initial business SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX,
requirements, scope and solution development, through to pilot and 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123096; Available on
implementation. The project exceeded expectations in terms of CD-ROM; 9 pp; Over 10 refs)
project goals achieved and high satisfaction across the range of Digital oilfield of the future (DOFF) practitioners have a major
project stakeholders. (Copyright 2009 SPE) opportunity to learn from the defence sector. By looking at the
................................................................ evolution of network enabled capability (NEC) and by adopting
some of the approaches successfully used there, they could
BUSINESS MODEL 1,003,645 accelerate the implementation of DOFF, saving CAPEX and
increasing benefits in the process. Additionally, NEC can offer
THE E&P BALANCED SCORECARD: BECOMING A DOFF practitioners guidance on what their initiatives might aspire
STRATEGY FOCUSED OPCO DRIVEN BY PERFORMANCE to provide in the long term, giving proof that effective collaborative
S.Kadam and C.Fonseca (Tata Consultancy Services). SPE working can become the norm rather than the exception. NEC is a
DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) transformation program for the UK Armed Forces that enhances
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122769; Available on CD-ROM; 13 military effectiveness through improved, collaborative decision
pp) making. Similar programs exist in other defence communities (e.g.,
This Middle East oil and gas company explores, develops and network centric operations in the U.S.) We have identified clear
produces hydrocarbons. It strongly believes that a strategy-focused similarities between NEC and DOFF programs. This paper
performance management approach would enhance its capabilities explores these similarities and the extent to which lessons learned
of producing hydrocarbons in the most economical way and from the defence world can be applied to DOFF. The findings will
maximizing ultimate recovery from reservoirs. The company help companies who have DOFF programs to overcome many of the
launched an e-Performance initiative to communicate and execute implementation issues that they face today more quickly and at
strategy and to create a Line of Sight both top down and bottom up lower cost. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
and enhance horizontal alignment and integration. We designed ................................................................
and developed the performance management system through
balanced scorecards. A series of workshops were conducted for the BUSINESS OPERATION 1,003,648
functions/divisions by a group of consultants consisting of experts
in oil and gas and performance management; strategic objectives, E&P OPERATIONAL INNOVATION WITH REAL-TIME
measures and targets were captured and the score cards were COLLABORATION AND EXCEPTION MANAGEMENT
programmed in Excel with traffic signals. Initially, the key M.A.Al-Hamad and C.S.Vettical (Saudi Aramco; Perfomix Inc).
performance indicators were captured in Excel workbooks. The next SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX,
step was to automate the process of data collection and aggregation 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123197; Available on
before presenting it for performance management. Several CD-ROM; 10 pp; 8 refs)
applications were reviewed for the purpose. Key performance The use of real-time collaboration and exception management
measures were defined by the production operations, gas division, solutions can help you optimally leverage the investments made on
HSE function, new development, the support services of HR, real-time operation centers (RTOC) and data management systems
finance, IT, medical and the corporate functions of supply chain, and maximize utilization of scattered experts and resources to
planning, legal, and other departments. (Copyright 2009 SPE) handle more critical situations from anywhere and anytime. These
................................................................ solutions leveraging modern web 2.0 technologies will help you
optimize the overall exploration and drilling operations by reducing
BUSINESS OPERATION 1,003,646 rig downtime, mitigating risk, improving asset utilization,
maximizing reservoir contact and increasing economic production.
USING INTEGRATED OPERATIONS CENTERS This paper discusses the prerequisites, implementation
K.Landgren, J.P.Lhote and J.C.Vernus (Schlumberger). SPE considerations, lessons learned and benefits of real-time
DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) collaboration and alert management systems and the opportunities
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122920; Available on CD-ROM; 4 pp; such systems offer to bring operational innovation into the
5 refs) exploration and production (E&P) community and to find effective
Oil and gas companies increasingly require environments that ways to address the new age energy industry challenges. (Copyright
support real-time exploration and production (E&P) business 2009 SPE)
processes, where field information, applications, and experts can be ................................................................
linked with operational managers and decision makers so daily
operational parameters can be viewed and decisions executed. BUSINESS OPERATION 1,003,649
Most companies believe that making decisions in real time while
leveraging global resources and infrastructure will help to improve EVOLUTION OF COLLABORATIVE WORK
their field productivity while reducing costs. Project team members ENVIRONMENTS - ARE WE READY FOR IT?
are often collocated to ensure open communication and planning. K.Gryskiewicz and R.Knoppe (Science Applicat Int Corp; Shell
However, since E&P activities often take place in remote and Int Explor & Prod). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE

(Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123202; diminish the opportunities for their own areas of responsibility.
Available on CD-ROM; 8 pp) Secondly, change programs must be followed up by regular
With continued growing demand for energy foreseen in the intervention of leaders to ensure that the desired behaviour is
future, the exploration and production (E&P) industry has to face, sustained. This paper discusses experience from projects in Africa,
and will continue to face, significant challenge as it moves toward Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, sharing examples of
delivering these energy needs. These challenges include growing measurable integration-oriented objectives as implemented in these
global demand, declining mature fields, and entry into remote, projects. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
harsh, undeveloped and geopolitically-challenging environments ................................................................
requiring teams to minimize travel and collaborate across
disciplines (reservoir engineering, production, maintenance) more CANADA 1,003,652
efficiently. To meet these challenges, the industry is reshaping its
CANADA’S UNCONVENTIONAL REVOLUTION
way of working, adopting collaborative operating models and smart
W.J.Simpson. PETROLEUM ECONOMIST v.75, no.1, pp.12,14,
technologies. This movement is designed to ensure that the reduced
Jan. 2008. (ISSN 0306-395X)
workforce and work processes are effectively utilized in
With oil and gas reserves in decline, the industry must turn to
combination with the existing and future tools to ensure improved
unconventional resources if it is to meet forecast demand. Non-
capability for efficiently managing its assets. The primary solution
upgraded bitumen and synthetic crude from the oil sands will carry
for addressing these challenges, and enabling this collaborative
the heaviest burden in terms of offsetting the decline in
operating model, is the deployment of collaborative work
conventional crude production and are projected to cover 86% of
environments. At the moment, most collaborative work
Canada’s total output by 2015. Enhanced oil recovery will also play
environments and their concurrent collaboration models are set up
an important role if a viable means can be developed to use carbon
locally. This paper reflects the state of collaborative work
dioxide for rebuilding reservoir pressures. Meanwhile, coal-bed
environments today and explores the future role of collaborative
methane (CBM), tight-gas and shale-gas deposits are the best
work environments (CWE), outlining how the CWE solution must
immediate resources to limit the decline in conventional gas
evolve to address key challenges over the horizon and enable a new
volumes. The large investments made so far in the oil sands is an
global and virtual collaboration model. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
indicator of the changing nature of Canada’s oil industry. Since
................................................................
1998, according to Raymond James & Associates, an investment
BUSINESS OPERATION 1,003,650 consultancy, companies have spent C$16 bn ($16 bn) acquiring 18
bn barrels of proved and probable resources, with global
SUBSURFACE SUPPORT CENTRE: A HUB FOR players--notably Total, StatoilHydro and Marathon--taking
COMMUNICATION OF KNOWLEDGE advantage of decisions by start-up companies to sell assets after
S.Lowen, B.E.Nygard, S.Ostensen and T.Lund (StatoilHydro). delineating resources, drilling core holes and building projects.
SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, ................................................................
CD-ROM; 8 pp; 8 refs) DATABASE 1,003,653
Based in Stavanger, Norway, StatoilHydro Subsurface Support
EMPLOYEE KNOWLEDGE: INSTANTLY SEARCHABLE
Centre (SSC), provides support to the drilling and well operations
J.Hoffmann (Occidental Elk Hills Inc). SPE DIGITAL
in the company. The SSC is a hub for communication of knowledge
ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009)
between professional networks and the operational assets. The
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122471; Available on CD-ROM; 4 pp;
team work closely on drilling and well operational issues together
2 refs)
with the operational assets within the company and contributes to
The online encyclopedia, Wikipedia, has proven the value of the
experience transfer across the organisation. This gives the SSC
world community contributing to an instantly searchable world
team a unique opportunity to evaluate experiences and share the
knowledge base. The same technology can be applied to the
knowledge obtained. Everyday, 40-50 drilling and well operations
company community: each individual sharing strategic tips directly
are ongoing and the SSC is involved both in the planning and
related to company interests that are then instantly searchable.
operational phases of these operations. Real-time and memory
Each employee can share--using Microsoft Sharepoint Wiki
data from all ongoing drilling and well operations in the company
Pages--those unique hints, tips, tricks, and knowledge that they feel
are available for the SSC team and are used both for monitoring of
could be of the highest value to other employees: how-to’s and
critical operations as well as for statistical and operational analyses
shortcuts in company software packages, learnings from pilot
to improve long-term quality of the operations. The technical
projects (successful or not), links to fantastic resources, etc. On
collaboration systems in the SSC are suitable to manage
October 15, 2008, Occidental of Elk Hills, Inc., just recently started
collaboration, independent of different office and installation
a rollout of Wiki page use at its Elk Hills, California, properties.
locations in the company. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
Employees are already talking about time-savers they have learned
................................................................
and applied. Time is money. Knowledge is power. (Copyright 2009
BUSINESS OPERATION 1,003,651 SPE)
................................................................
INTEGRATION IS ABOUT PEOPLE
R.Lameda and F.van den Berg (SAIC; Shell). SPE DIGITAL NATURAL GAS 1,003,654
HOLISTIC APPROACH FOR REGIONAL DEPLETION PLAN
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123352; Available on CD-ROM; 5 pp)
SUPPORTING GAS SUPPLY IN THE NILE DELTA OF
Shell E&P operates a Smart Fields implementation program
EGYPT
that integrates roles, activities and technology around key oil
M.S.M.Hussien (BP Egypt). 16TH SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL &
production business processes. One of the biggest challenges has
GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain,
been to follow up implementation of technology and processes with
sustained change of people behaviour. The program has found a
CD-ROM; 8 pp; Over 10 refs)
practical change management approach that achieves sustained
This paper shows a practical example in the direction of
integration that sticks beyond the lifetime of a specific
building holistic regional depletion plan by applying fully holistic
implementation project. Successful integrated teams are typically
and fully probabilistic modeling at the cost of the classic precision
built on good leadership, clear goals, clear accountability, a sense of
modeling that tends to include more physics. To achieve more
shared responsibility, and a no-blame culture. Experience with
realistic results, a decision and risk analysis (D&RA) approach,
integration programs around people, process, and technology
together with a holistic strategy (based on the Nobel Prize winning
suggest that two critical success factors are often overlooked. First,
portfolio theory that has shaped the financial markets over the past
oil companies need to develop measurable integration-oriented
four decades and recently introduced to E&P), is applied instead of
objectives. A typical example is integrated production system
the conventional deterministic method and the "hole-istic" strategy
optimisation vs. optimising individual wells. Team members must
that may lead to suboptimal solutions. Assets in the Nile Delta of
be rewarded for realizing system opportunities even if those

Egypt were chosen to apply more modern modeling techniques by PROFESSIONAL 1,003,657
using less model precision for more comprehensive modeling of
uncertainties and more integrated technical and business modeling. AWARENESS AND EXPECTATION - GENDER IN THE
Full probabilistic methods that closely integrate technical and WORKPLACE
commercial data and tie that to the decision-making process are R.Lau, L.Lau and N.Al Hasani (The Petroleum Institute). 16TH
used to preserve more relevant information. This allowed the SPE MIDDLE EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE
pertinent uncertainties to be exploited better and risks to be [MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009.
quantified when compared to the traditional deterministic methods. (SPE-119204; Available on CD-ROM; 24 pp; Over 10 refs)
Optimization was carried out within the whole value chain at One of the most important legacies of the late President Sheikh
different hierarchical levels instead of optimizing parts separately Zayed Al Nahyan left to the people of the UAE was his insistence
that may destroy the whole value chain. (Copyright 2009 SPE) that women participate fully and equally in the growth and
................................................................ prosperity of the UAE. This paper examines the readiness of
students, professors and professionals to accept women in
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING 1,003,655 professional roles in the oil and gas industries in the UAE. Working
at the Petroleum Institute in Abu Dhabi, researchers train both
ATTRACTING TOP STUDENTS TO STUDY PETROLEUM men and women to become future engineers for the Abu Dhabi
ENGINEERING: CURTIN UNIVERSITY National Oil Company (ADNOC). In this study, future and present
L.C.Smith and B.J.Evans (Curtin Univ). 16TH SPE MIDDLE professionals were asked to rate their opinions about working with
EAST OIL & GAS SHOW AND CONFERENCE [MEOS 2009] women in integrated work places. To solicit these opinions, a survey
(Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-119680; of seven questions, with a place for comments, was distributed to
Available on CD-ROM; 6 pp) various age groups in various job categories. Distributed in
Over the past 20 years, two of the main methods of training educational institutions and local petroleum societies, the survey
new students in petroleum engineering at Curtin University have asked participants to rate their willingness to hire, mentor, work
been to provide a Bachelor of Engineering in chemical engineering with, promote, and work for a woman engineer. This paper
with a minor/major in petroleum engineering, or to offer a Masters concluded that while programs to address the needs and attitudes
in Petroleum Engineering as a conversion course for graduates of of future women engineers are in place or being established,
an appropriate science or engineering discipline. When the industry programs for future male engineers are not. This might be the first
picks up strongly and there becomes a shortage of skilled place that women and men should look for parity. (Copyright 2009
professional engineers, the industry turns to academics, enticing SPE)
them with attractive salaries, thereby depleting the stocks of ................................................................
quality petroleum engineering teachers. Curtin University’s
Department of Petroleum Engineering is no exception. Our first PROJECT ECONOMICS 1,003,658
step, however, was to base the department on high quality research,
so that we were not dependent upon short-term income from STRATEGIC DECISION MAKING IN THE DIGITAL OIL
industry. The next step was to change the Masters teaching base to FIELD
semester rather than block teaching. This allowed faculty to enter B.Jafarizadeh and R.B.Bratvold (Stavanger Univ). SPE
long-term research contracts and to teach over the full semester DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009)
period. Additionally, we extended our Master’s program to two PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123213; Available on CD-ROM; 5 pp;
years in duration to make it more attractive to international 7 refs)
students. The result has been a return to stability and optimism The digital oil field (DOF) has been embraced at the operational
with faculty and staff who want to educate tomorrow’s engineers. level in the exploration and production industry. The DOF has
(Copyright 2009 SPE) initially been applied to tactical and operational decision making,
................................................................ often with a focus on reducing operational costs. Yet, most DOF
value estimates (e.g., CERA 2006) have indicated that the majority
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING 1,003,656 of the value contribution from the DOF will be through increased
revenues. In the information-rich DOF, the challenge increases
STRATEGIES FOR TRAINING DIGITAL PETROLEUM dramatically since the decision makers will have access to
ENGINEERS enormous amounts of data which will be provided in a manner close
I.Ershaghi, D.Paul and M.Mahdavi (Southern California Univ; to real time. The decision makers need to relate the real time data
Schlumberger). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE to uncertainties and future decisions. Real options valuation offers
(Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123896; the possibility of consistently addressing these strategic decisions.
Available on CD-ROM; 7 pp; 5 refs) In principle, real option valuation can incorporate any number of
Meeting current and future worldwide demand for oil and gas uncertainties and future decision points. However, in practice, only
requires continuous improvement in the productivity of reservoirs a few uncertainties and decision points have been considered. In
and oil and gas operations. Upstream oil and gas operations are this paper, we will illustrate how modern real option valuation can
now focusing on the increased use of real-time information be leveraged to create value from strategic decision making for the
technology to the norm seen in many industries, including DOF. (Copyright 2009 SPE)
downstream manufacturing operations. Crossbreeding of oilfield ................................................................
science and culture and information technology is helping to
implement advanced system engineering and optimization SOFTWARE 1,003,659
processes to total asset awareness for maximizing the performance
of people and processes. This has opened up opportunities and COST OPTIMIZATION PROGRAMS IN SOFTWARE ASSET
requirements for the preparation of a new generation of petroleum MANAGEMENT
engineers. There is a growing level of interest and curiosity from S.M.Stenseth (Open iT Inc). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY
practicing petroleum engineers to understand and to potentially CONFERENCE (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009.
join the evolving professional track of digital petroleum engineers. (SPE-123357; Available on CD-ROM; 5 pp)
This paper brings points of view from the academia, industry and With the current uncertainty surrounding the price of oil,
service companies to describe the opportunities, the industry coupled with the global economic downturn, it is imperative that
strategies, and approaches concerning the human element of the oil and gas industry focus on cutting costs and optimizing IT
applying digital technology. Strategies are discussed for training user and asset efficiency. The industry is looking for innovative
engineering graduates on the concepts and practices that are ways to optimize software assets, making sure users have the tools
making this professional track perhaps the most evolutionary and services they need in order to maximize productivity and
change in manpower training since the inception of the petroleum efficiency, in ways that do not waste time or money. A major
industry. (Copyright 2009 SPE) challenge is reducing the amount of time spent on managing
................................................................ software assets. Software usage reporting and optimization tools
can help achieve large savings within the first six months following
implementation. These tools have a quick payback period with

minimal post-implementation effort. A good reporting and hydrostatic pressure, which makes use of the so-called transient
optimization tool provides a global overview of a company’s assets step method. The experiments are intended to improve the
and how they are used--by location, user-group or cost center--and knowledge on the different mechanisms acting during CO2 storage
can simulate usage by any entity, regardless of how its in coal seams, in particular, those related to permeability. Helium,
infrastructure is configured. (Copyright 2009 SPE) nitrogen, and carbon dioxide have been injected at pressures
................................................................ ranging from 10 to 80 bars and at confining pressures varying
between 60 and 140 bars. The experiments with helium have been
WELL DATA 1,003,660 used to study the mechanical compliance of the coal core, whereas
those with the adsorbing N2 and CO2 to study the effects of
CREATING A NEW WORKFLOW FOR INTEGRATION OF
adsorption and swelling on the flow dynamics. The obtained
BUSINESS PROCESSES BETWEEN WELL ENGINEERING
experimental transient steps were successfully described using a
AND SUBSURFACE DATA MANAGEMENT
mathematical model, consisting of mass balances accounting for gas
J.Eade (Halliburton). SPE DIGITAL ENERGY CONFERENCE
flow and adsorption, and mechanical constitutive equations for the
(Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-123120;
description of porosity and permeability changes during injection. A
Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp)
semi-empirical relationship between permeability and operating
The lack of a global, consistent and reliable system for
pressures is validated, and the corresponding parameters have
well/wellbore identification has been a long-standing issue.
been evaluated. Results showed increase in permeability with
Industry professionals believe the heart of the problem is the lack
decreasing effective pressure on the sample and, when an
of consistent definitions and best practices. A major oil company
adsorbing gas was injected, a reduction in permeability caused by
has devised a solution, based on creating unique well identifiers
swelling, with CO2 having a stronger effect compared to N2.
(UWI), that helps establish internal consistencies and best
................................................................
practices across the company’s operating units. The generation of
UWIs leverages the company’s standardized computing DESALINATION 1,003,663
environment for its subsurface data, and extends the computing
environment to encompass engineering workflows and, by MEMBRANE-BASED DESALINATION PROCESS TREATS
facilitating ties to back-office systems, enables integration with STEAMFLOODING PRODUCED WATER
business processes. The effort to define and devise a comprehensive C.Webb, L.Nagghappan, G.Smart, J.Hoblitzell and R.Franks
solution was managed as an upstream business improvement (Chevron North America E&P; Veolia Water; Hydranautics).
initiative to address the following key issues, and as such, was WORLD OIL v.230, no.6, pp.53,55-58, June 2009. (ISSN 0043-8790;
widely accepted and supported within the company. This 4 refs)
presentation will describe the resulting workflow whereby data San Ardo field in California produced heavy oil via
from the well engineering database flows to the subsurface steamflooding. The process typically results in the production of 10
corporate well database and from there onward to project databases or more barrels of water for every barrel of oil recovered.
once drilling begins. A workflow example explains how geoscientists Historically, a portion of this water has been recycled and softened
can receive updates of trajectory data on-demand, thereby to provide water for steam generation, with the remainder going to
eliminating data re-entry and ensuring data correlation between local EPA class II injection wells for disposal. However, the
the well engineering database and the project database. (Copyright injection zone capacity is limited, which has constrained full field
2009 SPE) development. In 2007, a desalination facility was commissioned to
................................................................ allow a portion of the produced water to be treated and discharged
to the shallow freshwater aquifer, thereby allowing field
WORKFLOW 1,003,661 development to progress. The treatment system consists of deoiling
followed by a proprietary treatment train incorporating
THE FULLY INTEGRATED WORKFLOW: THE
degasification, chemical and ion exchange softening, multimedia
INTEGRATION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES WITH PEOPLE
and cartridge filtration, double-pass reverse osmosis, pH
AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
neutralization and partial remineralization. The treatment
B.J.Crockett (Science Applicat Int Corp). SPE DIGITAL
produced high-quality water suitable for aquifer recharge with low
waste volumes.
PROCEEDINGS 2009. (SPE-122070; Available on CD-ROM; 6 pp)
................................................................
Many business cases for embracing technological improvements
around Smart Fields(R), oilfield of the future, or E-well have been ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 1,003,664
centered on software deployment. Great promises often fail to
deliver because they have not fully taken into consideration the POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF OFFSHORE OIL
interaction of the people using them or the processes needed to HYDROCARBON PLATFORMS ON MARINE BIRDS AND
enable them. The provision of a fully integrated workflow not only MAMMALS
describes the flow of data but the process steps required to utilize F.K.Wiese and W.A.Montevecchi (Newfoundland Memorial
that data and the personnel needed to facilitate its use. This paper Univ). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
examines what happens when the value loop of physical assets, Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001.
data gathering, models and decision making is closed and to (Session SS6; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
identify the ways an integrated workflow brings together people, Abstract only)
processes, and technology to maximize the benefits provided by the [For information only - meeting paper abstract]
digital oilfield. (Copyright 2009 SPE) ................................................................
................................................................
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 1,003,665
BIOACCUMULATION POTENTIAL OF ORGANIC
HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRON CONTAMINANTS IN AN ARCTIC MARINE FOOD WEB
B.C.Kelly (Simon Fraser Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2005;
CARBON DIOXIDE INJECTION 1,003,662 v.68, no.2, p.860-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; ISBN
978-0-494-23899-8; Order no.DANR23899; 416 pp; Abstract only)
ROLE OF ADSORPTION AND SWELLING ON THE
DYNAMIC OF GAS INJECTION IN COAL
................................................................
R.Pini, S.Ottiger, L.Burlini, G.Storti and M.Mazzoti (ETH
Zurich). JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH v.114, no.B4, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATN SYST 1,003,666
4/4/2009. (ISSN 0148-0227; Citation no.B04203; 14 pp; Over 10
refs) GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)-BASED
An experimental technique is presented to perform gas ASSISTANT DECISION-MAKING SYSTEM FOR RISK
injection experiments on coal cores confined by an external MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR HAZARD INSTALLATION

HEALTH, SAFETY & ENVIRON
M.G.Zhang, J.C.Jiang and X.H.Pan (Nanjing Univ Technology). dangerous waste, although high quicklime contents may enhance
NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY (TIANRANQI GONGYE) v.27, no.7, the leachability of given components (Ba, Cr, SO4) and BTEX. For
pp.17a-18a,115-117, 7/25/2007. (ISSN 1000-0976; 8 refs; In the purpose of landfill disposal, sawdust-bearing stabilized
Chinese) mixtures have an acceptable geotechnical behavior and no evidence
[Full article and English abstract available from T.U.] has been found suggesting the eventual destabilization of the
................................................................ mixtures and/or its fluidification/liquation.
................................................................
MAMMAL 1,003,667
WATER POLLUTION 1,003,672
COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF ARYL HYDROCARBON
RECEPTOR STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, AND EVOLUTION RECOGNISING GROUNDWATER IMPACTED BY MINE
IN MARINE MAMMALS PROCESS WATER IN THE CANADIAN OIL SAND
J.M.Lapseritis (Massachusetts Inst Technol). Ph.D. thesis, INDUSTRY
2007; DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, K.Baker, J.Barker and K.Baxter (Waterloo Univ; Klohn-Crippen
SECTION B v.68, no.2, pp.808-B - 809-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN Consult Ltd). ANNUAL GAC-MAC JOINT MEETING (St. John’s,
0419-4217; Abstract only) Newfoundland, 5/27-30/2001) TECHNICAL PROGRAM 2001.
[Abstract available from T.U.] (Session SS6; Available at http://gac.ca as of 4/28/2009; 1 p;
................................................................ Abstract only)
NOISE POLLUTION 1,003,668 ................................................................
EFFECTS OF THE SOUNDS FROM AN ARTIFICIAL OIL
PRODUCTION ISLAND ON BOWHEAD WHALE CALLING
BEHAVIOR
SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
S.B.Blackwell, C.R.Greene, Jr., T.L.McDonald, R.M.Nielson,
C.S.Nations, W.J.Richardson and B.Streever (Greenridge Sciences
Inc; WEST Inc; BP Exploration Alaska Inc). 154TH ACOUSTICAL ANODE 1,003,673
SOCIETY OF AMERICA MEETING (New Orleans, LA,
TESTING OF CATALYZED TITANIUM ANODES FOR USE IN
11/27/2007-12/1/2007) ABSTRACTS; THE JOURNAL OF THE
SOILS OR NATURAL WATERS
ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA v.122, no.5, pt.2,
NACE STANDARD TM0108-2008 2008. (ISBN 1-57590-216-8; 8
pp.3058-3059, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 0001-4966; Paper no.4aNS7;
pp)
Abstract only)
This NACE International standard has been prepared to
provide users and manufacturers of cathodic protection (CP) anodes
................................................................
with a test method for evaluating the anode’s ability to achieve an
SEQUESTRATION 1,003,669 expected lifetime. It is applicable for catalyzed titanium anodes
intended for use in underground or underwater environments. This
THE LIABILITY OF CARBON DIOXIDE STORAGE test is intended to evaluate whether such an anode complies with
M.A.de Figueiredo (Massachusetts Inst Technol). Ph.D. thesis, required specifications of design life expectancy at rated current
2007; DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, output. This standard is intended for use by consultants, suppliers,
SECTION B v.68, no.2, p.1147-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; and end users of catalyzed titanium CP anodes.
Abstract only) ................................................................
................................................................ COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 1,003,674
SEQUESTRATION 1,003,670 APPLYING SOFTWARE RADIO TECHNIQUES TO

UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION
GEOMECHANICAL PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF E.Jones (SEA (Group) Ltd). SEA TECHNOLOGY v.49, no.7,
CO2-EOR GEOLOGICAL STORAGE PROJECTS pp.41-42,44, July 2008. (ISSN 0093-3651)
J.A.Jimenez Gomez (Alberta Univ). Ph.D. thesis, 2006; Since 2000, underwater acoustic communication has undergone
DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS INTERNATIONAL, SECTION B somewhat of a renaissance. The main driver behind this increase in
v.68, no.2, pp.1151-B - 1152-B, Aug. 2007. (ISSN 0419-4217; ISBN performance has been the adoption and modification of signal
978-0-494-23049-7; Order no.DANR23049; 295 pp; Abstract only) processing techniques from the radio frequency domain to the
[Abstract available from T.U.] underwater acoustic domain. In particular, the development of
................................................................ acoustic communication based on frequency-shift keying through to
the development of direct-sequence spread spectrum and multiple-
WASTE DISPOSAL 1,003,671 input, multiple-output transducer techniques have led to dramatic
increases in performance. Along with improved performance has
FINAL DISPOSAL OF THE WASTES ASSOCIATED WITH come an increase in the number of applications to which
THE OIL SPILL OF THE TANKER PRESTIGE THROUGH underwater acoustic communication has been applied. This
ITS STABILIZATION WITH QUICKLIME AND GRANITE includes everything from diver-to-diver communications to control
FINES of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV) and remotely operated
D.Carro, J.Delgado, A.Vazquez, V.Barrientos and R.Juncosa vehicles to industrial applications in the oil and gas industry,
(Coruna Univ). SOIL & SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION v.17, including everything from blow-out preventers to mooring-chain
no.4, pp.393-410, July-Aug. 2008. (ISSN 1532-0383; Over 10 refs) monitoring sensors.
The sinking of the tanker Prestige produced a large oil spill that ................................................................
affected the shores of Spain, Portugal and France. Cleaning
operations were performed on the sea and the coasts, and the waste EXTERNAL COATING 1,003,675
recovered was a melange of fuel, water and a variety of debris.
Waste mass balances show that while the total amount of recovered PREVENTING MECHANICAL DAMAGE MAKES GOOD
fuel is close to the amount spilled by the vessel, the total amount of "CENTS"
waste is about four times that quantity. In the present study, we K.Judice, Jr. (Hill Country Consult Inc). MATERIALS
have focused on the stabilization of the raw oily wastes of the PERFORMANCE v.47, no.8, pp.44-46, Aug. 2008. (ISSN 0094-1492)
Prestige’s oil spill using quicklime and granite sawdust, which is an An excellent coating job can be ruined by mechanical damage
inert waste of the local dimension stone industry. Given appropriate during shipping and installation of the coated piece. Coating
proportions of quicklime and sawdust, stabilization is feasible and repairs can be time-consuming, expensive, and may yield an
provides a better performance than using only quicklime. Leaching inferior coating job. This article provides precautions to be taken to
tests indicate that the stabilized mixtures can be considered a non- minimize coating damage subsequent to initial coating.
................................................................

SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
HEAVE COMPENSATOR 1,003,676 use this infrastructure to build and deploy a distributed, services-
oriented application for autonomous control of MAX in the
METHOD FOR LIFT COMPENSATION environment.
J.O.Dalsmo, J.P.Svennevig and A.Reppen, asrs. (National ................................................................
Oilwell Norway AS). World 2009/038,468A1, p. 3/26/2009, f.
9/15/2008 (Appl. 0,800,327), pr. Norw. 9/19/2007 (Appl. 20,074,777) ROPE 1,003,679
and Norw. 8/20/2008 (Appl. 20,083,596) (B66D-0001/52;
B66C-0013/04; B63B-0027/30). (19 pp) HOW TWIST CAN AFFECT BRAIDED MARINE ROPES
A method is disclosed for lift compensation of an item which is P.Davies and N.O’Hear (French Ocean Research Inst; Tension
connected to a vessel by means of a rope which is coiled around the Technology Int). SEA TECHNOLOGY v.49, no.7, pp.25-26,28, July
rope drum of a lifting device, the lifting device being provided with 2008. (ISSN 0093-3651; 3 refs)
a heave compensator, a controller of the heave compensator A wide range of synthetic fiber ropes are used at sea, from
controlling the effect of the driving device of the rope drum on the simple hawsers to high-performance deep-sea installation lines.
basis of a heave term and a deviation term, the method comprising Many of these are braided constructions, particularly ropes used for
(1) bringing a correction term into the heave compensation when, deepwater handling, as braids have the advantage of not rotating
because of environmental forces, the force on the rope falls outside when they are subjected to tension loads. However, in practice, all
a first limit; and (2) leaving the correction term out when the force ropes will see some twist. This can arise either because the
on the rope is within a second limit, the second limit being equal to equipment being handled is not symmetrical or because of
or different from the first limit. accidental rotation during reeling. The loads applied to ropes may
................................................................ also be directional, wave or current loads, for example, and these
loads can result in the payload turning. Traditional low-
PILING 1,003,677 performance materials, such as nylons and polyesters, are very
tolerant to a small amount of twist and are unlikely to pose a
P-Y MODEL DESCRIBING INTERACTIONS OF PILES AND problem. This is not necessarily the case for high-performance
SATURATED DEGRADATION SANDS ropes, which are based on fibers such as high-modulus polyethylene
J.Wang, Y.Zhou and Y.Qu (Tianjin Univ; China Oilfield Svcs (HMPE) or aramid. The aims of this study, performed in order to
Ltd). OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE [OTC 09] explain a failure at sea, are to determine to what extent twist
(Houston, TX, 5/4-7/2009) PROCEEDINGS 2009. (ISBN affects high-performance braided rope strength and to develop a
978-1-55563-244-1; OTC-19882; Available on CD-ROM; 9 pp; Over method to predict residual strength of twisted ropes.
10 refs) ................................................................
It is important for offshore platform foundation design to
evaluate the seismic resistance of pile foundations. Residual pore ULTRASONIC TESTING 1,003,680
water pressure will exist in saturated sands under seismic loads.
Saturated strata will degrade if residual pore water pressures in S-SCAN COVERAGE WITH PHASED ARRAYS
strata are less than the overburden pressures of strata under E.Ginzel and M.Moles (Materials Research Inst; Olympus
seismic loads. Fifteen model tests were conducted to research NDT). MATERIALS EVALUATION v.66, no.8,
effects of relative densities and residual pore water pressures on p- pp.810-813,815-818,820, Aug. 2008. (ISSN 0025-5327; 7 refs)
y relationships of saturated degradation sands. Results showed The article effectively makes the case for phased array
that lateral resistances of strata gradually decreased with the ultrasound for weld testing. This paper describes ray tracing to
increase of residual pore water pressures and ultimate lateral show coverage using phased array S-scans for encoded linear scans.
resistances decreased by 80-90% for post-liquefaction strata. Sub- A variety of weld configurations were modeled, from simple butt
grade reaction modulus coefficients of saturated degradation strata welds to double V and complex T-welds, including a variety of
were analyzed based on model test results, which showed that they thicknesses. For simple butt welds below 10 mm (0.4 in.), a single
also decreased with the increase of residual pore water pressures. S-scan provided coverage; however, thicker walls and more complex
Effects of pile-diameter on coefficients were further analyzed. structures require multiple S-scans. No definitive rules are
Results showed that coefficients increased with increase of pile- possible, as welds vary so much in configuration, though some
diameter when the diameter was less than 0.4 m and approached guidelines are given. Construction welds in pressure vessels and
constant results suggested in API code when the diameter was other components typically require testing to guarantee structural
greater than 0.4 m. The formula determining coefficients of integrity. Normally, construction welds are tested to code; however,
saturated degradation strata using the equivalent strength was codes are, by necessity, well behind technology. While radiography
developed. A method determining hyperbola p-y curves of saturated has been the historical testing method, ultrasonic testing has
degradation strata was finally developed. (Copyright 2009 OTC) become more common in recent decades. In the last few years,
................................................................ phased arrays have become much more prevalent.
................................................................
ROBOT 1,003,678
PROGRAMMING THE MAX5R WITH MICROSOFT
ROBOTICS STUDIO
R.de Souza (Microsoft Robotics). UPSTREAM TECHNOLOGY
v.2, no.11, pp.68-71, Nov. 2007. (ISSN 1258-2244)
Service robotics is rapidly making the transition from the
purview of academic researchers and hobbyists to the commercial
arena. In contrast to industrial robotics, where large machines
move with great accuracy and precision in a pre-defined and fixed
3D space, service robots are usually small devices that move
autonomously or semi-autonomously in the environment, bringing
their service to the place where it is required. Service robots of
different form factors have found wide applicability across domains
such as inspection, surveillance, security, transportation,
exploration, cleaning, etc. Programming these devices to do
meaningful tasks thus requires addressing a different set of
requirements than those associated with conventional applications.
There are no established standards or platforms for this purpose. In
this article, we describe the Mobile Autonomous Explorer (MAX), a
four-wheeled, all-terrain micro-rover built by Senseta. We use the
tools provided by Microsoft Robotics Studio to develop an
application infrastructure for writing programs for the MAX and

Author and Affiliation Index
2H Offshore Inc 1,003,547 Albernaz, J R 1,003,525 Ayyildiz, T 1,003,238

Aachen Technical Univ 1,003,188 Alberta Univ 1,003,175 BAE Systems 1,003,647
Aadnoy, B S 1,003,427 Alberta Univ 1,003,179 Baechle, G T 1,003,330
Aarhus Univ 1,003,186 Alberta Univ 1,003,223 Baechle, G T 1,003,332
Aarhus Univ 1,003,262 Alberta Univ 1,003,280 Baer, D 1,003,399
Abdurrahim, A 1,003,476 Alberta Univ 1,003,367 Bai, G 1,003,108
Abe, K 1,003,163 Alberta Univ 1,003,510 Bai, Q 1,003,636
Abed, A M 1,003,165 Alberta Univ 1,003,551 Bailey, J R 1,003,377
Aberdeen Univ 1,003,183 Alberta Univ 1,003,612 Baja California Auton Univ 1,003,091
Abid, I 1,003,144 Alberta Univ 1,003,670 Bak, K 1,003,203
Abohwo, O 1,003,575 Albrechtsons, E A 1,003,178 Baker Hughes 1,003,411
Aboussalam, Z S 1,003,138 Albrechtsons, E A 1,003,192 Baker Hughes 1,003,466
Abrahamsen, E 1,003,455 Albright, S L 1,003,455 Baker Hughes Centrilift 1,003,508
Abu Dhabi Co Onshore Oper 1,003,326 Aleksieva, G 1,003,534 Baker Hughes Inc 1,003,407
Abu Dhabi Co Onshore Oper 1,003,441 Alexandri, S 1,003,120 Baker Hughes Inc 1,003,414
Abu Dhabi Co Onshore Oper 1,003,560 Alexeenko, A 1,003,449 Baker Hughes Inc 1,003,434
Abu Dhabi Marine Oper Co 1,003,081 Ali, A 1,003,568 Baker Hughes Inc 1,003,460
Abu Dhabi National Oil Co 1,003,081 Ali, C A 1,003,260 Baker Hughes Inc 1,003,461
Abu-Sharkh, B 1,003,592 Ali, S F 1,003,626 Baker Oil Tools 1,003,441
Accenture 1,003,525 Ali, Z A 1,003,564 Baker, K 1,003,672
Achurra, L E 1,003,102 Alkhowaiter, A 1,003,537 Balghoneim, H F 1,003,470
Adabi, M H 1,003,162 Allen, D W 1,003,549 Ballard, M S 1,003,336
Adam Mickiewicz Univ 1,003,204 Almehaideb, R A 1,003,554 Ban, L 1,003,443
Adam, L 1,003,326 Alsop, G I 1,003,195 Bane, D E 1,003,460
Adamek, J 1,003,117 Alvarez, J 1,003,523 Bansal, K M 1,003,629
Adames, P 1,003,630 Alzaga-Ruiz, H 1,003,241 Baranov, V V 1,003,218
ADAMOW JSC 1,003,204 Amaireh, M N 1,003,165 Barbarino, S 1,003,523
Adams, R B 1,003,271 Amin, M 1,003,480 Barcelona Univ 1,003,206
Adelaide Univ 1,003,090 Amin-Rasouli, H 1,003,161 Barclay, D R 1,003,140
Adelaide Univ 1,003,098 Amireh, B S 1,003,165 Barhi, H 1,003,529
Afsari, M 1,003,382 Amiri, A H 1,003,441 Barker, J 1,003,672
Agip-KCO 1,003,286 Amirkabir Univ Technology 1,003,427 Barnes, C 1,003,313
Aguilar-Lopez, R 1,003,505 Amudo, C 1,003,574 Barnes, C R 1,003,240
Aguilera, R 1,003,640 An, Y S 1,003,558 Barnolas, A 1,003,233
Aguilera, R F 1,003,640 Andreis, D 1,003,268 Barr, S R 1,003,234
Aichele, C P 1,003,552 Andreussi, P 1,003,614 Barran, B A 1,003,338
Ainsworth, N R 1,003,174 Andrews, R J 1,003,142 Barrientos, V 1,003,671
Akarish, A I M 1,003,125 Andrino, M H 1,003,633 Bartana, A 1,003,295
Aker Solutions 1,003,528 Angel, Y C 1,003,347 Bartholomew, A J 1,003,122
Al Arfi, S A 1,003,441 Anisimov, L A 1,003,584 Baruah, B 1,003,560
Al Habshi, A R 1,003,081 Ankara Univ 1,003,237 Barzinpour, F 1,003,427
Al Hasani, N 1,003,657 Ankara Univ 1,003,238 Baskin, D K 1,003,142
Al Suwaidi, A S 1,003,081 Annandale, A 1,003,553 Bassim, E A E A 1,003,568
Al Touqi, N 1,003,320 Apex Spectral Technol Inc 1,003,341 Baton, P 1,003,315
Al-Amri, K M 1,003,398 Arabian Oil Co 1,003,568 Batzle, M 1,003,325
Al-Amri, K M 1,003,470 Arai, E 1,003,274 Baud, A 1,003,110
Al-Arnaout, I H 1,003,422 Arai, Y 1,003,601 Baxter, K 1,003,672
Al-Atroshi, K 1,003,287 Arai, Y 1,003,602 Bayer HealthCare 1,003,590
Al-Baggal, Z A 1,003,470 Arai, Y 1,003,603 Bayerl, P S 1,003,403
Al-Bakr, S 1,003,441 Arai, Y 1,003,604 Bazara, M 1,003,571
Al-Balushi, S 1,003,452 Aranezhad, M B 1,003,427 Bazer-Bachi, F 1,003,254
Al-Buali, M H 1,003,422 Archer, S 1,003,184 Bazin, B 1,003,450
Al-Driweesh, S M 1,003,422 Aristegui, C 1,003,347 Bearb, J D 1,003,455
Al-Hamad, M A 1,003,648 Armada Real Inst Observ 1,003,290 Beattie, S 1,003,452
Al-Harbi, O A 1,003,224 Arney, J E 1,003,262 Becker, K M 1,003,335
Al-Hashemi, H 1,003,560 Aronsen, H A 1,003,309 Becker, K M 1,003,336
Al-Iababidi, S 1,003,618 Artman, B 1,003,350 Becker, R T 1,003,138
Al-Kandari, A Y 1,003,287 Arzoumanidis, A 1,003,409 Becker, R T 1,003,170
Al-Kanderi, J M 1,003,287 Asakawa, E 1,003,308 Beicip Franlab 1,003,564
Al-Kharusi, L 1,003,330 Ashida, Y 1,003,213 Beijing Technol Dev Co Ltd 1,003,385
Al-Kindy, F 1,003,320 Ashmore, J W 1,003,453 Belfer, I 1,003,339
Al-Mumen, A A 1,003,470 Aslam, U 1,003,555 Belik, J 1,003,391
Al-Otaibi, N 1,003,537 Aslam, U 1,003,638 Bell, G 1,003,611
Al-Ruwaily, A A 1,003,466 Astin, T R 1,003,225 Belmar, M 1,003,102
Al-Safran, E 1,003,620 Ataei, A 1,003,382 Belousov, V I 1,003,101
Al-Sarkhi, A 1,003,592 Ataei, A 1,003,570 Beltrao, R L C 1,003,539
Al-Sarkhi, A S 1,003,637 Auckland Univ 1,003,630 Benfield, A C 1,003,128
Al-Shehri, A M 1,003,422 Aursjo, O 1,003,468 Bennett, N 1,003,146
Al-Shiwaish, A J A 1,003,566 Austin, J Jr 1,003,298 BenSaad, Z R 1,003,466
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Wang, H Y 1,003,495 Woodside, J 1,003,120 Yu, J H 1,003,251
Wang, J 1,003,677 Wright, I J 1,003,243 Yu, L 1,003,563
Wang, L 1,003,251 Wright, J P 1,003,278 Yu, Y 1,003,289
Wang, L 1,003,377 Wroblewska, A 1,003,610 Yuan, S 1,003,360
Wang, P 1,003,249 WS Atkins Inc 1,003,538 Yue, Q 1,003,443
Wang, R 1,003,251 Wu, F 1,003,413 Yum, J G 1,003,257
Wang, S 1,003,245 Wu, H Y 1,003,419 Zakarian, E 1,003,540
Ward, P 1,003,308 Wu, J G 1,003,475 Zakum Development Co 1,003,329
Warren, J K 1,003,188 Wu, M 1,003,108 Zakum Development Co 1,003,571
Washington Univ, Seattle 1,003,354 Wu, S 1,003,360 Zaky, A H 1,003,125
Washington Univ, St Louis 1,003,253 Wu, X D 1,003,558 Zamfes, K 1,003,406
Wassermann, I 1,003,411 Wu, X G 1,003,107 Zan, L 1,003,250
Waterloo Univ 1,003,097 Wubben, A L M 1,003,435 Zekri, A Y 1,003,554
Waterloo Univ 1,003,672 Wunderlich, J 1,003,357 Zenith Oilfield Technology 1,003,452
Waters, C N 1,003,128 Wylie, G 1,003,643 Zerkal, S M 1,003,334
Weatherford 1,003,518 Wylie, I 1,003,585 Zhang, B 1,003,548
Weatherford/Lamb Inc 1,003,393 Wyoming Univ 1,003,244 Zhang, C 1,003,385
Weatherford/Lamb Inc 1,003,455 Wyoming Univ 1,003,557 Zhang, C 1,003,385
Weaver, T 1,003,544 Wyoming Univ 1,003,587 Zhang, G 1,003,360
Webb, B 1,003,309 Xi’an Jiaotong Univ 1,003,493 Zhang, H 1,003,320
Webb, C 1,003,663 Xi’an Jiaotong Univ 1,003,494 Zhang, H 1,003,361
Webb, G E 1,003,258 Xi’an Jiaotong Univ 1,003,625 Zhang, H Q 1,003,486
Weddige, K 1,003,168 Xi, C F 1,003,558 Zhang, J 1,003,109
Weinberg, R F 1,003,229 Xi, M Y 1,003,475 Zhang, J 1,003,252
Wellesley Coll 1,003,167 Xiang, S P 1,003,624 Zhang, J 1,003,326
Welton, T D 1,003,439 Xiao, S H 1,003,279 Zhang, J 1,003,349
Wen, J 1,003,625 Xiao, X 1,003,265 Zhang, K 1,003,376
Wen, Z 1,003,250 Xie, J 1,003,443 Zhang, L 1,003,108
Wendte, J 1,003,082 Xie, S 1,003,110 Zhang, L H 1,003,573
Wenk, H R 1,003,362 Xie, S B 1,003,345 Zhang, M 1,003,251
Wesleyan Univ 1,003,243 Xiong, J Y 1,003,387 Zhang, M 1,003,545
WEST Inc 1,003,668 Xiong, Y X 1,003,369 Zhang, M G 1,003,666
West Sichuan Drilling Co 1,003,376 Xu, M F 1,003,625 Zhang, Q 1,003,423
West Sichuan Drilling Co 1,003,388 Xu, N 1,003,360 Zhang, R 1,003,573
West Virginia Univ 1,003,198 Xu, Q 1,003,557 Zhang, S A 1,003,386

Zhang, X 1,003,252
Zhang, X 1,003,510
Zhang, Y 1,003,361
Zhang, Y 1,003,367
Zhang, Y 1,003,559
Zhang, Z 1,003,443
Zhao, L Q 1,003,423
Zhao, Q 1,003,112
Zhao, Q 1,003,495
Zhao, Q B 1,003,104
Zhao, X 1,003,408
Zhao, X F 1,003,627
Zhao, Y 1,003,249
Zhao, Y G 1,003,413
Zhao, Z G 1,003,627
Zhou, H S 1,003,384
Zhou, P G 1,003,387
Zhou, Y 1,003,677
Zhou, Y C 1,003,624
Zhou, Z Z 1,003,293
Zhu, D 1,003,252
Zielinski, A 1,003,240
Zijsling, D H 1,003,435

PUBLICATIONS COVERED IN THIS ISSUE
(Volume 49, Number 30 July 25, 2009 Abstract Nos. 1,003,081 - 1,003,680)
The numbers following the date of each publication are the last three digits of the abstract number assigned to each article selected
from the publication.
154th Acoustical Society Of America Meeting (New Orleans, Geologica Acta (v.5, no.2, 2007)
LA, 11/27/2007-12/1/2007) Abstracts; The Journal Of 087, 205, 206
The Acoustical Society Of America (Nov. 2007) Geology (Nov. 2007)
140, 282, 298, 319, 327, 328, 335, 336, 337, 346, 351, 083, 098, 099, 127, 163, 181, 188, 195, 229, 259
352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 363, 364, 365, 366, 668 Geophysical Journal International (June 2009)
AIChE Journal (Aug. 2008) 277, 280, 284, 292, 343, 347, 348, 349, 359
596 Geophysical Research Letters (9/16/2007)
Applied Geochemistry (April 2008) 344
254 Geotectonics (Sept.-Oct. 2007)
6th BHR Group Multiphase Technology North American Con- 101, 154, 158, 219
ference (Banff, Alberta, 6/4-6/2008) Proceedings Hydrocarbon Processing (Aug. 2008)
408, 484, 511, 517, 534, 535, 536, 540, 542, 592, 594, 537, 590
595, 614, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 626, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research (10/10/2007)
629, 630, 637 491, 505
Bulletin Of Geosciences (v.80, no.4, 2005) International Geology Review (Nov. 2007)
093, 117, 118, 230 109, 153
Butsuri-Tansa (April 2007) International Geology Review (July 2008)
213, 215, 285, 308 091, 245
Canadian Geotechnical Journal (May 2008) International Journal Of Earth Sciences (Oct. 2007)
634 110, 119, 204
Carbonates And Evaporites (June 2008) Journal Of Asian Earth Sciences (7/15/2008)
088, 125, 159, 161, 237, 238 162, 165, 224
Carnets De Geologie (Notebooks On Geology) (no.A07, 2007) Journal Of Colloid And Interface Science (11/15/2007)
164 552
Chemical Engineering Science (v.63, no.12, June 2008) Journal Of Geophysical Research (4/4/2009)
450, 599 135, 289, 290, 662
Chemical Geology Including Isotope Geoscience (3/30/2008) Journal Of Petroleum Technology (June 2009)
248, 258, 264 372, 411, 432, 440, 445, 451, 463, 464, 465, 485, 487,
Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry (March 2008) 561, 582, 640
249, 250, 260 Marine And Petroleum Geology (June 2009)
Colloids And Surfaces A: Physicochemical And Engineering 094, 095, 100, 108, 120, 126, 134, 185, 186, 193, 199,
Aspects (2/15/2008) 226, 241, 252, 257, 265, 266, 267, 281, 300, 360
551, 556 Materials Evaluation (Aug. 2008)
Computers & Geosciences (July 2008) 632, 633, 680
212, 214 Materials Performance (Aug. 2008)
Corrosion (June 2008) 476, 479, 480, 612, 675
424, 498 NACE Standards (2007-2008)
Devonian Events And Correlations [Geological Society Of 447, 478, 481, 499, 500, 501, 588, 593, 600, 613, 673
London Special Publication No.278] (2007) Nafta-Gaz (May 2007)
085, 086, 122, 137, 138, 168, 169, 170, 180, 225 429, 507, 565, 610
Dissertation Abstracts International, Section B (Aug. 2007) Natural Gas Industry (Tianranqi Gongye) (7/25/2007)
130, 155, 156, 223, 228, 235, 236, 242, 244, 253, 350, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 111, 112, 113, 279, 368, 369,
367, 510, 575, 665, 667, 669, 670 376, 383, 384, 386, 387, 388, 413, 419, 420, 423, 475,
Doklady Earth Sciences (Feb.-March 2008) 493, 494, 495, 558, 567, 573, 583, 623, 624, 625, 627,
166, 216, 217, 218, 222, 275, 334 666
Earth And Planetary Science Letters (5/15/2008) Nickle’s New Technology Magazine (June 2008)
247 392, 580
Fluid Phase Equilibria (7/25/2008) Northeastern Geology And Environmental Sciences (June
497 2008)
Fuel (Oct. 2007) 171, 198
503, 550 Offshore Technology Conference [OTC 09] (Houston, TX,
Annual GAC-MAC Joint Meeting (St. John’s, Newfoundland, 5/4-7/2009) Proceedings
5/27-30/2001) Technical Program 293, 294, 310, 361, 401, 460, 483, 486, 496, 506, 528,
082, 084, 089, 090, 097, 114, 115, 121, 123, 124, 132, 530, 531, 532, 533, 538, 539, 541, 543, 544, 545, 546,
136, 139, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 547, 548, 549, 605, 606, 608, 611, 635, 636, 677
150, 151, 157, 160, 167, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, Oil & Gas Journal (5/25/2009)
178, 179, 182, 183, 184, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 194, 200, 477, 512, 589, 642
196, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 220, 221, 234, 256, 261,
262, 263, 664, 672
(Publications covered in this issue - continued)
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

(5/27/2008)
203
Palaeontology (Sept. 2007)
129, 227, 231
Paleobiology (Fall 2007)
092, 152, 197, 202, 243, 255
Petroleum Economist (Jan. 2008)
509, 652
Precambrian Research (6/20/2008)
251
Proceedings Of The Yorkshire Geological Society (v.57, pt.1,
May 2008)
128, 239
Sea Technology (July 2008)
201, 240, 674, 679
Sedimentary Deposition In Rift And Foreland Basins In
France And Spain (Paleogene And Lower Neogene)
(1997)
133
Sedimentary Geology (5/15/2009)
096, 102, 116, 131, 232, 233, 246
78th Annual SEG International Meeting (Las Vegas, NV,
11/9-14/2008) Technical Program (v.27, 2008)
276, 286, 287, 288, 291, 295, 296, 297, 299, 312, 313,
314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 320, 321, 326, 329, 330, 331,
332, 340, 345
Soil & Sediment Contamination (July-Aug. 2008)
671
SPE Digital Energy Conference (Houston, TX, 4/7-8/2009)
Proceedings
373, 378, 379, 403, 446, 473, 504, 508, 515, 518, 519,
520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 553, 562, 572, 643, 644,
645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 653, 656, 658, 659,
660, 661
16th SPE Middle East Oil & Gas Show And Conference
[MEOS 2009] (Bahrain, 3/15-18/2009) Proceedings
081, 333, 382, 398, 402, 418, 422, 441, 443, 444, 449,
452, 466, 469, 470, 516, 529, 554, 555, 557, 559, 560,
563, 564, 566, 568, 570, 571, 574, 581, 584, 587, 638,
654, 655, 657
The Journal Of The Acoustical Society Of America (July
2008)
417
The Leading Edge (June 2008)
304, 305, 306, 307, 322, 323, 324, 325, 358, 362
Upstream Technology (Nov. 2007)
514, 678
World Oil (June 2009)
309, 377, 380, 427, 448, 468, 663

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Volume 49, Number 30

July 25, 2009

Volume 49, Number 30 July 25, 2009 Abstract Nos. 1,003,081—1,003,680

©2009 The University of Tulsa

No part of this bulletin may be reproduced or quoted without Petroleum Abstracts’

The University of Tulsa is an equal opportunity/affirmative action institution.

GEOLOGY APPALACHIAN AREA 1,003,084

July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 3

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20 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 21

ROCK STRESS 1,003,214 STAGES OF LATE MESOZOIC AND CENOZOIC RIFTING IN

22 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 23

24 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 25

26 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

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28 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

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30 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

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32 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

HOW DOES CARBONATE CEMENTATION IN SANDSTONES FRACTURE MAPPING 1,003,279

July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 33

34 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

MAGNETIC EXPLORATION 1,003,289 MEXICO GULF 1,003,292

July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 35

MIGRATION (SEISMIC) 1,003,295 CHIRP SEISMIC REFLECTION DATA ON THE NEW

36 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 37

NORWEGIAN SEA 1,003,308 NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,311

NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,310 FULL-WAVEFORM INVERSION RESULTS WHEN USING

38 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

NUMERICAL INVERSION 1,003,315 VELOCITY ANALYSIS WITH MULTIPLES - NMO

July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 39

40 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

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July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 43

44 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

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July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 49

TRAINING PROGRAM 1,003,403 WELL LOGGING & SURVEYING

50 Petroleum Abstracts July 25, 2009

July 25, 2009 Petroleum Abstracts 51

WELL LOG INTERPRETATION 1,003,419 ACID INHIBITOR 1,003,424