STRUCTURAL ANALYSISAND

DESIGN REPORT OF

STEEL COVERED HALL BUILDING

NOVEMBER 2017

CONTENTS

Notations:
1. Name of the Building
2. Structural Feature
2.1 Foundation
2.2 Framing Descriptions
3. Codes and Standards
4. Materials (characteristics)
5. Loads
5.1 Dead Load
 5.2 Live Load
5.3 Earthquake Load
5.4 Wind Load
6. Load Combinations
7. Structural Analysis
7.1 Method (type, name and version of programme)
7.2 Conditions
8. Load
9. Output
1. Type of Building

Type:Steel Building

Introduction:
The building is one story steelbuilding with a portal frame on top.

2. Structural Feature

2.1 Foundation
Type:Base Slab with anchor bolt has been provided as footing for the building

2.2 Framing Description:

2.2.4 Post:
Size:ISB 75x75x3.5(Tubular Section) has been provided as post for the frame as per
SAP Analysis.

2.2.5 Beam:
Size: ISB 75x75x3.5(Tubular Section) has been provided as beam for the frame as
per SAP Analysis.

2.2.5 Rafter:
Size:ISB 50x50x4(Tubular Section) has been provided as framing element.

2.2.6 Purlins:
Size:ISB50x50x4 (Tubular Section) has been provided as purlins.

3. Codes and Standards

The main design standards followed for structural design are given below, indicating
their area of application.
S.N Code and Description
. Standards
1 IS 1893: 2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of structures
2 IS 1786: 1985 Specification for high strength deformed steel bars and
wires for concrete reinforcement (superseding IS:1139
 -1966)

4 IS 800: 1998 General Construction in Steel-Code of Practice

4. Materials (characteristics)
Concrete:
All the concrete elementof grade M 20 incompliance to IS 456:2000 to be
used for base slab.
Steel Structure:
- High strength deformed steel bars: Grade Fe250 to IS 1786.

5. Loads

5.1 Dead Load:

All loads/forces due to gravity on the components of the building structure
permanently attached thereto are calculated in accordance with IS: 875 (Part 1) -
1987.

5.2 Imposed Load:

The load assumed to be produced by the intended use is accordance with
IS 875 (Part 2) – 1987.

5.3 Earthquake Load:

The earthquake load is calculated to the seismic coefficient method using
equivalent lateral force procedures in accordance with IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002. The
static forces in the structure are derived from the design base shear (Vb) given by:

Vb = AhW (Cl. 7.5.3)

Where;
W = Seismic weight of the building equal to the total dead load plus appropriate
amounts of specified imposed load
Ah = Design horizontal seismic coefficient given by:
ZI �S a �
Ah = � � (Cl. 6.4.2)
2 R �g �
Adopted coefficients are as follows:
Z= Seismic zone factor (Zone V) (Cl.6.4.2, table-2)
I= Important factor (Cl. 6.4.2, table -6)
R= Response reduction factor (Cl. 6.4.2, table-7)
Sa/g = Average response acceleration coefficient depending upon soil
type and fundamental natural period of structure (Ta) (Cl.6.4.2, figure 2)
(Note: For the Building, the type of soil is categorized to be softsoil (Type III) as per
Cl. 6.3.5.2)
The approximate fundamental natural period of vibration (Ta), in seconds may be
estimated by the empirical expression:
Ta = 0.085 h0.75 for steel frame building
Where;h = Height of building, in m.

Distribution of earthquake load:

The design base shear (Vb) computed in Cl.7.5.3 shall be distributed along
the height of the building as per the following expression:

Qi =Vb*

Where,
Qi = Design lateral force at floor i,
Wi = Seismic weight of floor i,
hi = Height of floor i measured from base, and
n = Number of storeys in the building is the number of levels at which the masses
are located.
Note: In calculating the seismic weight of floors, the full dead load at each storeys is
considered, while the imposed load is considered as per following criteria (IS
1893:2002, Table 8)

If IL>3 kN/m2 -consider only 50% of IL

If IL ≤ 3 kN/m2 -consider only 25% of IL
For Roofs - NIL

5.3 Wind Load:

The load assumed to be produced by the wind effect in the structure due to
the internal and external pressure difference in the building. It is calculated as per
IS875-1987 Part 3.
6. Load Combinations
For design of steel elements, the following load combination has been considered
according to Indian Standard (working state):

Load WL
DL LL ELx ELy
combination
1 1.0 1.0 - - -
2 1.0 1.0 - - 1.0
3 1.0 - - - 1.0
4 1.0 - 1.0 - -
5 1.0 - - 1.0 -
6 1.0 1.0 1.0 - -
7 1.0 1.0 - 1.0 -

7. Structural Analysis:

7.1 Method:
Type: All the Structural elements of steel structure are designed to Limit State
Theory.

Program Used: SAP200 version 20 is used for the analysis and design of three-
dimensional structures, in which the spatial distribution of the mass and stiffness of
the structure is adequate for the calculation of the significant features of structures.

7.2 Conditions:
Since, all the post is rigidly connected to the foundation; we can assume
that there would be no any deflection or rotation of these post at the base. Hence,
the supporting conditions for post are fixed.
The 3D model of building is as shown below:
9. Load Calculation

Roof Load Calculation :

A Dead Load Loads
1 Metal Roofing : 50 N/m2
2 Insulation Load : 50 N/m2
3 Other accessories wt of false ceiling : 50 N/m2
Total DL : 150 N/m2
Maximum spacing of purlin : 0.848 m
Dead Load /m : 0.13 kN/m

Live Load (750 N/m2) (IS 875 - PART

B 2)
Slope of roof in degrees : 22
.75-0.02*(22- kN/m
2
Live Load : 10)
kN/m
2
: 0.51
Maximum spacing of purlin : 0.848 m
Live Load/m 0.43 kN/m

C Wind Load (IS 875 - PART 3)

Vz=Vb*k1*k2*
1 Design wind speed, : k3
vb : 50 m/s
k1 : 1
k2 : 1.05
k3 : 1
 Vz : 52.5 m/s
2 Design wind pressure, Pz : 0.6*Vz2
kN/m
2
: 1.65
3 Wind Load (F) : (Cpe-Cpi)*Pd*A
h/w : 1.53
Cpe : -0.8
Cpi : -0.5
Maximum spacing of purlin : 0.848 m
kN/m
2
F/A : (-0.8-0.5)*1.6
kN/m
2
: -2.08
Wind Load/m : -1.76 kN/m

Seismic Weight and Base Shear

Seismi
Load Time Soil Time Base
Directi Importan c
Patte Perio Z Typ R Perio Ah Shear
on ce Factor Weight
rn d e d (T) (kN)
(kN)
0.3 0.09
EQx X 0.2 III 1 5 0.2 28.91 2.602
6 0
0.3 0.09
EQy Y 0.2 III 1 5 0.2 28.91 2.602
6 0

Joint Reaction

Load
Point Load
Grid Combinati
Label Fz(kN)
on
170 C2 DL+IL 5.517
171 A2 DL+IL 5.517
172 B2 DL+IL 13.054
 173 A1 DL+IL 5.517
174 B1 DL+IL 13.054
175 C1 DL+IL 5.517

Foundation Design

1) Determination of the Size of the Base Plate

Concrete Grade(fck) : 20 N/mm2

Safe Bearing Capacity of
: N/mm2
concrete(0.25fck) 5
Pu (From SAP) : 14000 N
Required Area(Pu/SBC) : 2800 mm2
52.91
Size of Base Plate(L=B) : mm
5
Post Size (a) : 75 mm
Post Size (b) : 75 mm
Projection of the Base
: mm
Plate from the Post 62.5
Providied Base Plate

200 X 200
Check Ok

2) Determination of thickness of Base Plate

Permissible Bending
: 185 N/mm2
Stress
Intensity of pressure from
concrete under the base : 0.35 N/mm2
slab(Pu/L*B)
Projection of the Base
: 62.5
Plate from the Post(a) mm
Projection of the Base
: 62.5
Plate from the Post(b) N/mm2
Thickness required : 4.08 N/mm2
Thickness provided : 6 mm
Check Ok

3) Calculation of Weld
Size of weld : 3 mm
Allowable Shear strength
108 N/mm2
of weld :
Strength of Weld : 226.8 N
61.72
Required length : 8 mm
Check : Ok

3) Determination of size of Concrete Pedestral

Safe Bearing Capacity of 10000

: N/m2
soil 0

Area of Concrete Slab : 0.11 m2

Size of Concrete 327.6

: mm
Pedrestral Required 2
Length =Breadth of
Concrete Pedestral : 400 mm
Provided
Depth Required : 100 m
Provided Depth : 300 mm

5) Design of Anchor
Bolt
Design Force : 14000 N
116.6
Stress Area Required : 7 N/mm2
Diameter
selected(Minimum) : 16 mm
No. : 4
Stress Area Provided : 768 N/mm2
198.9
Length of each bolt : 4 mm
Length of each
provided : 250 mm

Bolt Design of Ridge

1400
Axial Force (Pu) : 0 N (From SAP Analysis)
3920
Proof Load : 0 N
Use M10 bolt with Proof Load 33700 N
1.163
No. of Bolt Required : 2
Use 4, high Strength M10-8.8
bolts

Weld Design of Ridge Minimum Size of weld

Thickness of Thicker member
Size of Weld(S) 3
Throat
Over Upto Minimum Size
thickness(kS) 1.875 mm
Plate thickness 3 mm 0 10 3
P LtTvf 10 20 5
Effective Length of
20 32 6
Weld Required 69.14 mm
Provided Weld
32 50 8
Length 300 mm

Provide a 3 mm fillet weld for connection for 300mm

Bolt Design of Struts

Member : 197
Axial Force (Pu) : 19600 N (Max Load at the junction)
Proof Load : 54880 N
Use M10 bolt with Proof Load
33700
1.6284
No. of Bolt : 9
Use 2, high Strength M10-8.8 bolts

Weld Design of Struts

Pu (Member=197
Label) 19600 N (Max Load at the junction)

Size of Weld(S) 3
Throat thickness(kS) 1.875 mm
Plate thickness 3 mm
P LtTvf
Effective Length of 96.79 mm
Weld Required
Provided Weld Length 70 mm

Provide a 3 mm fillet weld for connection for 70mm

Beam Column Connection Design

Shear Force 5137 N

395700
Moment 0 Nmm
The number of interface 1
14383.
Proof Load : 6 N
Use M12 bolt with Proof Load 50700 N
No. of Bolt Required : 0.2837
12035.
Shear per Bolt : 7 N
No. of Bolts from moment 3.8953
consideration 9
Thus Providing 4-M12 Bolt

h 155 mm
22.142
h/7 9
yn 117.86
∑yn 271.43
∑ yn2 28418.37
M' 3.468031 kN.m
T 14.38268 kN
Direct Shear 0.366929 kN
T 14.38268
1.051850549 Safe

Drift Check
Drift X direction 4.5
h 2400
Drift Limitation 9.6 mm
Drift Y direction
h 4.2
Drift Limitation 2400 mm
Manual Design
Data:-
Angle 21.8 degree
No. of purlin 8
Width/Span of truss 3.66 metre
Spacing of purlins 0.848 metre
spacing of trusses (Length of Purlin between
1.3 metre
truss)
Purlin Design
Dead Load: DL
Weight of GI Sheet 191 N/m^2
Distance between purlin = 0.85 m
Weight of roofing = 161.97 N/m
Assumed self-weight = 90 N/m
Total = 251.968 N/m
Total Dead Load (W)= 327.56 N
Live Load: LL

N/m^2 of plan
Live load on purlin = 514
area

404.7009
Total live load on purlin N/m
74
Live Load per person
(kg/person) on one
Live load = 75
purlin
Live load = 750 N
Wly = LL*cos(21.8) = 696.364 N
Wlz = LL*sin(21.8) = 278.526 N

Design Summary:
304.1
Wdy = DL *cos(21.8) = 233.95 N/m
3
 121.6
Wdz = DL*sin(21.8) = 93.57 N/m
4
488.4
Wly = LL*cos(21.8) = 375.76 N/m
9
195.3
Wlz = LL*sin(21.8) = 150.29 N/m
8
Bending moment along Dead Load:DL
49.42166
My = wl^2/8 = N-m
64
19.76725
Mz = wl^2/8 = N-m
63
Bending moment along Live Load:LL
79.37911
My = wl^2/8 = N-m
38
31.74938
Mz = wl^2/8 = N-m
04
OR

Bending moment along Live Load:LL

226.3184
My = wl/4 = N-m
2
90.52090
Mz = wl/4 = N-m
99
Since Live load 750N/m^2 is smaller than per
person, so we go with per person live load on
purlin
275.7400
Total Moment : Mty = N-m
87
110.2881
Total Moment : Mtz = N-m
66
Check:
Calculation of Section Modulus: rect. Pipe
D1= 50
D2= 50
d1= 42
d2= 42
t= 4
Iy= (1/12(D^4-d^4))= 261525.3 mm^4
Ix= (1/12(D^4-d^4))= 261525.3 mm^4
Zy = I/0.5D 10461.0 mm^3
10.5 cm^3
Zx = I/0.5D 10461.0
10.5 cm^3
165
Allowable stress of Steel =
N/mm^2
Mtz/Zx + Mty/Zy< 150 N/mm^2
Hence,
36.90161179 < 165
Safe
Deflection:
0.433501
δy=5/384 (WyL^3/EI) mm
1
0.173388
δx=5/384 (WxL^3/EI) mm
07
0.466890
δ (Sqrt(δy^2+δx^2)= mm
38
Hence
δlim (L/200)= 6.5 mm
O.K

1 Angle 21.8 degree

Spacing between truss 1.3 metre
Length of Rafter (span of truss) 2.033 metre
Sq.
Plan Area 2.6429
metre

2 • Rafter Design
Weight of CGI sheet with plywood
191 N/m^2
=
Weight of CGI sheet with plywood
504.7939 N
=
Weight of Purlin=No. of
purlin*spacing of truss*Unit wt. 158.6 N
of purlin*10
342.666666
Weight of Live Load on truss = N/m^2 (for flat)
7
For Slope 21.8 degree,
840.868085
Weight of Live Load = N
7
1504.26198
Total Weight N
6
739.922275
UDL N/m
3
Assumedsq.
self-weight of truss = 50 N/m Pipe
50X50X4mm

789.922275
Total Load N/m UDL+self wt.
3

N/mm^
All. Bending Stress of steel = 150
2
Bending moment of Rafter 408.102383 since UDL so
N-m
(wl^2/8) = 4 wl^2/8
408102.383
= N-mm
4

Calculation of Section modulus 2720.68255

mm^3
(BM/All. Stress) = 6
2.72068255
= cm^3
6

Check:
Calculation of Section Modulus:
rect. Pipe
D1= 50
 D2= 50
d1= 42
d2= 42
t= 4
261525.333
Iy= (1/12(D^4-d^4))= mm^4
3
261525.333
Ix= (1/12(D^4-d^4))= mm^4
3

10461.0133
Znet= I/0.5D mm^3
3
10.4610133
cm^3
3

Deflection:
3.35914611
δ=5/384 (WyL^3/EI) mm
8

δlim (L/200)= 10.165 mm Hence O.K

Joint

N/m^
1 weight of cgi sheet with plywood 191 2
4584 N
2 Weight of purlin 233 N
N/m^
3 Weight of live load on truss 342.66 2 for flat
7635.7188
Weight of live load on inclined 83 N for 21.8 degree slope
4 Self weight of truss 50 N/m
300 N
12752.718
Total Weight or force on roof covering 88 N
6376.3594
Total shear force on 1 column 41 N
 78.539816 mm^
Bolt Area 34 2
Mpa or
Shear stress of Bolt 85 N/mm^2
13351.768
Total shear force withstand by 2 bolts 78 N

Since shear force of 2 bolts > total shear force on one

column
Fig. depicting Roofing Finishes Load assignment

Fig. depicting Live Load assignment

Fig. depicting Wind Load assignment
Fig. depicting Earthquake Load assignment
10. Output:
After all the
loading information is
provided in the structural
model, SAP2000
analyses the structure and
gives the required output
(i.e. exact stress, support
reactions, axial force,etc.)
Some of the output
information as
obtained from SAP2000
after analyzing the
structure is shown as
below.

Fig.Axial Force Diagram for the frame

Figure depicting Post Design
Figure depicting Beam Design