Spec Technical Dry TRafo EAton

9.
6 Transformers
Transformer Standards, Technical Data and Accessories
Technical Data and Specifications

9
Customer-Furnished available in addition to the Nonlinear Ratings transformers and their
9 Connecting Cables series or parallel connection.
As an example, a 120 x 240
Harmonic K-4 K-13 installation to minimize
Eaton recommends that the potential for sound
winding can be connected Fundamental 100.0% 100.0% transmission to surrounding
9 external cables be rated 90°C
for either 120 (parallel) or 3rd 34.0% 70.0% structures and sound
(sized at 75°C ampacity) for
encapsulated designs and 240 (series), but a 120/240 reflection. It is suggested
9 75°C for ventilated designs. winding can be connected for
5th 22.0% 42.0%
that the following installation
120 (parallel), 240 (series) or 7th 3.0% 5.0% methods be included:
Primary and secondary
9 terminal lugs are not 240 with a 120 midpoint. 9th 1.0% 3.0%
1. If possible, mount the
included. Lug kits are Enclosures 11th 0.7% 3.0% transformer away from
9 available separately.
Eaton’s ventilated 13th 0.5% 1.0% corners of walls or
Overload Capability transformers—Types DS-3, 15th 0.3% 0.7% ceilings. For installation
9 Short-term overload capacity is DT-3, MD and KT—use a 17th 0.3% 0.6%
that must be near a
NEMA 2 rated (drip-proof) corner, use sound-
designed into transformers as
9 required by ANSI. Dry-type enclosure as standard, and Sound Levels absorbing materials on
are rated NEMA 3R with the the walls and ceilings if
distribution transformers will All Eaton 600 volt class necessary to eliminate
9 deliver 200% nameplate load addition of weathershields.
Eaton encapsulated—Types
general-purpose dry-type reflection.
for one-half hour, 150% load distribution transformers are
EP, EPT, EPZ and EPTZ—
9 for one hour and 125% load
and totally enclosed, non-
designed to meet NEMA 2. Provide a solid
for four hours without being ST-20 sound levels listed foundation for mounting
damaged, provided that a ventilated (Types DS-3E and the transformer and
9 constant 50% load precedes DT-3E) transformers use a
here. These are the sound
levels measured in a then use vibration
and follows the overload. NEMA 3R rated enclosure. dampening mounts if
soundproof environment.
9 See ANSI C57.96-01.250 Buck-Boost Transformers Actual sound levels not already provided in
for additional limitations. measured at an installation the transformer. (Eaton
9 An autotransformer has only
will likely be higher (up to encapsulated EP/EPT
Continuous overload capacity one winding, and is therefore
15 dB greater) due to designs use a special
is not deliberately designed smaller and more economical
9 into a transformer because than the conventional two-
electrical connections and encapsulation system
environmental conditions. and ventilated DS/DT-3
the design objective is to be winding transformer. In an
Lower sound levels are designs contain a built-in
9 within the allowed winding autotransformer, the primary
available and should be vibration dampening
temperature rise with and secondary are electrically
specified when the system to minimize
9 nameplate loading. and mechanically connected.
The required secondary
transformer is going to be and isolate sound
Seismically Qualified installed in an area where transmission.)
voltage is obtained by
9 Eaton manufactured dry-type “tapping-off” from the
sound may be a concern.
3. Provide flexible conduit
distribution transformers are single winding. All Eaton general-purpose to make the connections
9 seismically qualified, and dry-type distribution to the transformer.
exceed requirements of the Buck-boost autotransformers
transformers are designed
are insulated units with
9 Uniform Building Code (UBC)
120 x 240 or 240 x 480 volt
with sound levels lower than 4. Locate the transformer
as far as possible from
and California Code Title 24. NEMA ST-20 maximum levels.
primaries and 12/24, 16/32 or areas where high sound
9 Taps 24/48 volt secondaries, and
However, consideration
levels are undesirable.
should be given to the
Primary taps are available provide a very economical
specific location of the
9 in most ratings to allow method for minor voltage
compensation for source adjustments where circuit
9 voltage variations. isolation is not needed.
Average Sound Levels 1
Series-Multiple Windings Autotransformers can be
9 used only where local
NEMA ST-20 Average Sound Level in dB
Series-multiple windings electrical codes permit, Up to 1.2 kV Above 1.2 kV
consist of two similar coils in
9 each winding that can be
and isolation of the two kVA Ventilated Encapsulated Ventilated
circuits is not required. 0–9 40 45 45
connected in series or parallel
9 (multiple). Transformers with Nonlinear Ratings 10–50 45 50 50
series-multiple windings are The transformers shall be 51–150 50 55 55
9 designated with a “x” or specifically designed to 151–300 55 57 58
“/” between the voltage supply circuits with a
301–500 60 59 60
9 ratings, such as voltages of
“120/240” or “240 x 480.”
harmonic profile equal to
501–700 62 61 62
or less than a K-factor of
If the series-multiple winding
9 is designated by an “x,” the
4 or 13, as described in the
following table, without
701–1000 64 63 64
winding can be connected 1001–1500 65 64 65

exceeding specified
9 only for a series or parallel. temperature rise. Note
With the “/” designation, 1 Currently being reviewed and revised by NEMA.
9 a midpoint also becomes
322 Volume 2—Commercial Distribution CA08100003E—December 2010 www.eaton.com

Transformers
9.6
Typical Data for 600-Volt Class General-Purpose Dry-Type Transformers, Aluminum Wound 1
9
Type EP 115°C Rise 9
Weight Lbs Losses in Watts Efficiency % Regulation % Impedance 2
No 1/4 1/2 3/4 Full 100% 80% Sound
9
kVA Al Cu Load Total Load Load Load Load P.F. P.F. Min. Max. Level dB
0.05 — 7 6 9 65.3 79.6 84.3 85.6 5.9 6.4 5.5 9.5 45
9
0.075 — 7 7 14 66.0 79.0 82.5 82.8 9.4 9.2 7.5 11.0 45
0.10 — 7 5 15 82.4 86.9 87.7 86.5 10.3 10.6 8.0 12.0 45
9
0.15 — 8 7 20 83.4 88.2 88.9 87.8 9.0 9.6 8.0 12.0 45 9
0.25 — 12 14 29 79.0 87.2 89.5 89.6 5.9 7.5 7.5 9.5 45
0.5 — 13 20 47 85.1 90.3 91.4 91.4 5.5 7.0 5.0 7.0 45 9
0.75 — 20 29 57 86.0 91.3 92.7 92.9 3.9 5.0 4.0 6.0 45
1 — 30 24 60 90.8 93.9 94.5 94.4 3.8 4.9 3.8 5.8 45 9
1.5 65 40 30 90 92.5 94.7 95.0 94.6 4.1 5.2 2.5 4.5 45
2 113 40 30 100 94.2 95.7 95.8 95.4 3.6 4.7 3.3 5.3 45
9
3 — 69 61 135 92.0 95.0 95.7 95.7 2.5 3.5 2.5 4.1 45
9
5 — 120 104 215 91.8 95.0 95.8 95.9 2.3 3.3 2.0 4.6 45
7.5 123 133 129 250 93.2 96.0 96.7 95.9 1.5 2.4 2.4 3.4 45 9
10 193 208 153 295 93.9 96.3 97.0 97.2 1.5 2.5 2.0 3.3 50
15 216 235 209 435 94.4 96.6 97.1 97.2 1.6 2.8 1.6 3.6 50 9
25 385 414 191 440 96.8 98.0 98.3 98.4 1.1 2.5 1.6 4.2 50
37.5 735 856 225 370 97.4 98.3 98.5 98.4 1.2 2.6 2.8 4.0 50 9
9
Type EPT 115°C Rise 3
Weight Lbs Losses in Watts Efficiency % Regulation % Impedance 2

9
No 1/4 1/2 3/4 Full 100% 80% Sound
kVA Al Cu Load Total Load Load Load Load P.F. P.F. Min. Max. Level dB 9
3 116 123 110 165 87.3 92.6 94.3 94.9 2.1 6.1 2.4 8.0 45
6 143 153 145 275 90.9 94.5 95.5 95.7 2.2 3.1 2.9 4.9 45
9
9 166 178 195 375 91.6 95.0 95.9 96.1 2.0 2.8 2.0 3.6 45
9
15 275 300 265 545 93.0 95.7 96.5 96.6 1.9 3.1 1.9 3.9 50
30 422 504 250 665 96.5 97.7 98.0 97.9 1.5 2.5 1.8 3.8 50 9
45 660 745 300 740 97.2 98.2 98.4 98.5 1.0 2.1 1.8 4.0 50
75 1275 1450 400 945 97.7 98.6 98.8 98.8 0.8 1.6 1.7 3.4 55 9
Notes
1 Typical values for aluminum windings. Contact Eaton for values of copper windings. Up-to-date design data is available at www.eaton.com.
9
2 Actual impedance may be ± 7.5%.
3 Type EPT transformers 3–15 kVA are T-T connected. 9
Performance data is based upon 480 volt Delta primary and a 208Y/120 volt secondary for three-phase transformers; 240 x 480 volt primary and a 120/240 volt secondary for single-phase transformers.
All data is subject to future revision. Refer to Eaton for 5 kV class information. All data is subject to future revision. 9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
Volume 2—Commercial Distribution CA08100003E—December 2010 www.eaton.com 323

9.6 Transformers
Typical Data for 600-Volt Class General-Purpose Dry-Type Transformers, Aluminum Wound
9
9 Type DS-3 150°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient
Losses in Watts Efficiency (Trise +20º) % Regulation Inrush
9 No Total at Full 100% 80%
% Imp.
Trise
X
Trise
R
Trise Sound TP1 Absolute Practical
kVA Weight Load Rise +20 25% 50% 75% Load PF PF +20 +20 +20 Level dB Efficiency Max. Max.
9 15 246 80 549 97.6 97.6 97.2 96.6 2.0 2.9 4.3 3.0 3.1 45 97.70 737 245
25 359 300 848 97.7 98.1 97.9 97.5 1.4 2.7 3.5 2.8 2.2 45 98.00 1139 379
9
37.5 374 125 1314 98.1 97.8 97.2 96.6 2.2 4.6 5.8 4.8 3.2 45 98.20 1066 355
9 50 555 300 1668 98.2 98.1 97.6 97.0 1.9 4.0 5.1 4.3 2.7 45 98.30 1585 528
75 740 170 2266 98.4 98.2 97.6 97.0 2.3 5.3 6.9 6.3 2.8 50 98.50 2105 701
9 100 841 260 2543 98.5 98.4 98.0 97.6 1.9 4.7 6.1 5.6 2.3 50 98.60 2834 944
167 1610 900 3987 68.7 98.7 98.4 98.0 1.4 6.8 9.7 9.5 1.8 55 98.70 1250 416
9
% Imp.
Trise
X
Trise
R
9 15 246 80 519 97.8 97.8 97.3 96.8 2.1 3.1 3.9 2.6 2.9 45 97.70 773 244
9 25 373 300 766 97.7 98.1 98.0 97.7 1.4 2.8 3.3 2.8 1.9 45 98.00 1102 367
37.5 380 125 1182 98.2 98.4 98.1 97.8 2.0 3.1 4.1 2.9 2.8 45 98.20 616 205
9 50 590 300 417 98.4 98.3 97.9 97.4 1.8 4.1 5.2 5.2 0.2 45 98.30 1553 511
75 689 170 2356 98.5 98.2 97.6 97.0 2.7 5.6 6.9 6.3 2.9 50 98.50 1717 572
9
Losses in Watts Efficiency (Trise +20º) % Regulation % Imp. X R Inrush
9 No Total at Full 100% 80% Trise Trise Trise Sound TP1 Absolute Practical
9 15 360 115 269 97.4 98.3 98.4 98.4 0.8 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.0 45 97.70 1381 460
25 370 120 580 97.8 98.2 98.0 97.8 1.5 3.2 3.9 3.4 1.8 45 98.00 1046 348
9 37.5 565 150 834 98.1 98.4 98.1 97.8 1.5 3.3 4.1 3.6 1.8 45 98.20 1471 490
9 50 680 175 1014 98.4 98.5 98.4 98.1 1.5 3.4 4.2 3.9 1.7 45 98.30 1733 577
75 900 260 1387 98.3 98.6 98.5 98.2 1.4 3.5 4.3 4.0 1.5 50 98.50 2423 807
9
9 Type DT-3 150°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient
9 No Total at Full 100% 80% Trise Trise Trise Sound TP1 Absolute Practical
9 15 204 95 778 96.6 96.7 96.0 95.1 4.8 4.0 4.8 1.4 4.6 45 97.00 382 127
30 291 165 1207 97.2 97.3 96.9 96.2 3.7 5.6 4.6 3.0 3.5 45 97.50 479 159
9 37.5 381 210 1428 97.5 97.5 97.0 96.4 3.5 5.5 4.5 3.1 3.2 45 97.70 484 161
45 351 210 1911 97.5 97.4 96.7 96.0 3.8 6.3 5.1 3.4 3.8 45 97.70 564 188
9 50 531 270 1316 97.7 98.1 97.9 97.5 2.2 4.0 3.2 2.4 2.1 45 98.00 999 333
9 75 553 300 2917 97.9 97.7 97.0 96.3 3.6 6.6 5.3 4.0 3.5 50 98.00 561 187
112.5 793 400 3693 98.0 98.0 97.5 96.9 3.2 7.5 6.0 5.2 2.9 50 98.20 1049 350
9 150 913 490 4923 98.2 98.0 97.5 96.9 3.2 6.5 5.3 4.4 3.0 50 98.30 1518 506
225 1343 650 6476 98.4 98.2 97.8 97.2 2.8 6.3 5.1 4.4 2.6 55 98.50 2204 734
9 300 1597 750 8239 98.5 98.3 97.9 97.3 2.9 8.9 7.6 7.2 2.5 55 98.60 2097 699
500 2590 1400 9782 98.6 98.7 98.5 98.1 1.9 8.2 7.2 7.0 1.7 60 98.70 3769 1256
9
750 3340 1800 12,692 98.8 98.9 98.7 98.4 1.8 8.9 8.0 7.9 1.5 64 98.80 4521 1507
9

Transformers
9.6
9
Type DT-3 115°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient 9
No Total at Full 100% 80%
% Imp.
Trise
X
Trise
R
9
15 202 100 743 96.7 96.8 96.2 95.4 4.4 3.9 4.4 1.2 4.3 45 97.00 383 127
9
30 311 165 1492 97.3 97.1 96.3 95.5 4.5 4.8 4.8 1.8 4.4 45 97.50 411 137
9
45 418 220 1458 97.8 97.9 97.5 97.0 2.8 5.4 4.6 3.7 2.8 45 97.70 550 183
50 556 270 1211 97.6 98.1 98.0 97.7 1.9 3.7 3.2 2.6 1.9 45 98.00 892 297 9
75 581 300 2415 97.9 97.9 97.5 96.9 3.0 6.7 5.9 5.1 2.8 50 98.00 758 252
112.5 829 440 3209 98.0 98.1 97.8 97.3 2.6 3.6 3.1 1.9 2.5 50 98.20 1301 433 9
150 996 530 3781 98.1 98.3 97.9 97.5 2.4 5.8 5.2 4.7 2.2 50 98.30 1534 511
225 1569 720 5205 98.4 98.4 98.1 97.8 2.2 6.8 6.2 5.8 2.0 55 98.50 1875 631
9
300 1908 830 6926 98.5 98.5 98.2 97.8 2.3 6.0 5.4 4.9 2.0 55 98.60 2678 872
9
500 3117 1650 6968 98.5 98.9 98.8 98.7 1.2 6.6 6.6 6.5 1.1 60 98.70 3930 1310
750 4884 2000 9335 98.9 99.1 99.0 98.8 1.3 8.7 9.0 8.9 1.0 64 98.80 4458 1486 9
9
Type DT-3 80°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient
Losses in Watts Efficiency (Trise +20º) % Regulation % Imp. X R Inrush 9
No Total at Full 100% 80% Trise Trise Trise Sound TP1 Absolute Practical
kVA Weight Load Rise +20 25% 50% 75% Load PF PF +20 +20 +20 Level dB Efficiency Max. Max. 9
15 276 165 551 96.7 97.4 97.2 96.8 3.4 3.9 3.5 2.3 2.6 45 97.00 358 119
30 350 180 904 97.3 97.8 97.6 97.2 2.5 3.9 3.4 2.5 2.4 45 97.50 337 112 9
45 540 290 1027 97.7 98.2 98.2 97.9 1.7 3.5 3.3 2.9 1.6 45 97.70 953 317
75 810 360 1782 97.8 98.2 98.0 97.7 0.3 3.5 4.3 3.9 1.9 50 98.00 1006 355
9
112.5 944 470 2521 98.2 98.4 98.2 97.9 1.9 4.4 4.1 3.7 1.8 50 98.20 1554 518 9
150 1438 650 2760 98.2 98.6 98.5 98.3 1.5 4.8 4.7 4.5 1.4 50 98.30 1665 555
225 1746 830 4047 98.3 98.6 98.5 98.3 1.6 5.5 5.6 5.4 1.4 55 98.50 2003 667 9
300 2400 1100 5338 98.6 99.0 99.0 98.9 1.6 5.9 6.1 5.9 1.4 55 98.60 2655 885
500 3418 1800 5858 98.6 99.0 99.0 98.9 0.9 4.9 5.4 5.3 0.8 60 98.70 4462 1487 9
9
Type KT-4 150°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient
9
% Imp. X R
kVA Weight Load Rise +20 25% 50% 75% Load PF PF +20 +20 +20 Level dB Efficiency Max. Max. 9
15 206 100 883 96.7 96.5 95.6 94.6 5.5 5.2 5.5 1.8 5.2 45 97.00 375 125
30 311 165 1263 97.2 97.3 96.7 96.0 3.9 7.4 6.0 4.8 3.7 45 97.50 453 151
9
45 400 220 1554 97.7 97.7 97.3 96.7 3.2 5.9 4.8 3.8 3.0 45 97.70 710 236 9
75 547 300 2622 97.9 97.8 97.2 96.6 3.3 6.7 5.3 4.4 3.1 50 98.00 995 331
112.5 800 440 3525 98.0 98.0 97.6 97.0 3.0 7.4 6.0 5.3 2.7 50 98.20 1082 360 9
150 1010 530 4055 98.1 98.2 97.8 97.4 2.6 6.6 5.4 4.8 2.3 50 98.30 1574 524
225 1680 700 5879 98.3 98.3 97.9 97.5 2.6 7.6 6.3 5.9 2.3 55 98.50 1943 647
9
300 2122 1100 5895 98.4 98.6 98.4 98.1 1.9 6.8 5.9 5.7 1.6 55 98.60 2863 954
9
500 3201 1800 7054 98.5 98.9 98.8 98.7 1.3 5.9 5.4 5.2 1.1 60 98.70 4588 1529
9
9
9
9

9.6 Transformers
9
9 Type KT-4 115°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient
% Imp.
Trise
X
Trise
R
9 15 307 135 394 96.3 97.5 97.6 97.5 1.8 2.7 2.2 1.4 1.7 45 97.00 491 163
30 313 165 1344 97.4 97.3 96.6 95.9 4.1 5.1 4.6 2.4 3.9 45 97.50 584 194
9
45 400 220 1463 97.8 97.9 97.5 97.0 3.0 6.1 5.2 4.4 2.8 45 97.70 591 197
9 75 587 285 2355 97.9 97.9 97.5 97.0 2.9 6.7 5.9 5.2 2.8 50 98.00 823 274
112.5 947 470 2910 97.9 98.1 97.9 97.5 2.4 5.0 4.3 3.7 2.2 50 98.20 1447 482
9 150 1243 560 4119 98.1 98.2 97.8 97.4 2.5 6.6 5.7 5.2 2.4 50 98.30 1468 489
225 1680 700 5413 98.3 98.3 98.1 97.7 2.3 7.5 7.0 6.7 2.1 55 98.50 1719 573
9 300 2480 1100 5735 98.4 98.7 98.5 98.2 1.8 6.7 6.3 6.1 1.5 55 98.60 2547 849
9
9
9 kVA Weight
No
Load
Total at
Rise +20 25% 50% 75%
Full
Load
100%
PF
80%
PF
Trise
+20
Trise
+20
Trise
+20
Sound
Level dB
TP1
Efficiency
Absolute
Max.
Practical
Max.
9 15 378 165 416 96.4 97.6 97.7 97.6 1.7 2.9 2.5 1.9 1.7 45 97.00 482 160
30 365 188 877 97.2 97.7 97.6 97.2 2.4 3.9 3.5 2.6 2.3 45 97.50 583 194
9 45 550 285 1055 97.4 98.1 98.0 97.8 1.8 3.7 3.4 2.9 1.7 45 97.70 708 236
75 774 360 1784 97.8 98.2 98.0 97.7 2.0 4.7 4.5 4.0 1.9 50 98.00 986 328
9 112.5 1380 550 1872 97.9 98.5 98.5 98.4 1.3 4.2 4.2 4.1 1.2 50 98.20 1577 525
150 1604 700 2728 98.0 98.5 98.5 98.3 1.4 4.4 4.5 4.3 1.4 50 98.30 1880 626
9 225 2336 850 3728 98.4 98.7 98.6 98.4 1.4 5.0 5.2 5.1 1.3 55 98.50 2647 882
9 300 2689 1100 4589 98.4 98.8 98.7 98.5 1.4 5.5 5.8 5.6 1.2 55 98.60 2610 870
9
9 Losses in Watts Efficiency (Trise +20º) % Regulation % Imp. X R Inrush
9 kVA Weight Load Rise +20 25% 50% 75% Load PF PF +20 +20 +20 Level dB Efficiency Max. Max.
15 271 165 604 96.7 97.3 97.0 96.5 3.1 4.2 3.6 2.1 2.9 45 97.00 379 126
9 30 365 198 977 97.1 97.6 97.3 96.9 2.7 4.3 3.5 2.4 2.6 45 97.50 565 188
45 545 280 1215 97.5 98.0 97.8 97.4 2.2 4.2 3.3 2.6 2.1 45 97.70 890 277
9 75 812 360 2139 97.7 98.0 97.8 97.4 2.6 5.9 4.9 4.3 2.4 50 98.00 907 302
112.5 920 490 3059 98.0 98.2 97.8 97.4 2.4 5.0 4.1 3.4 2.3 50 98.20 1513 504
9 150 1221 530 4297 98.1 98.1 97.7 97.2 2.7 6.5 5.3 4.6 2.5 50 98.30 1790 597
9 225 1960 830 4461 98.3 98.6 98.3 98.0 1.9 6.6 6.1 5.9 1.6 55 98.50 1771 590
300 2358 1100 5931 98.4 98.6 98.4 98.2 1.9 7.2 6.3 6.0 1.6 55 98.60 2543 847
9
9
9
9
9
9
9

Transformers
9.6
9
Type KT-13 115°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient 9
No Total at Full 100% 80%
% Imp.
Trise
X
Trise
R
9
15 332 165 432 96.6 97.6 97.6 97.4 1.9 3.2 2.8 2.2 1.8 45 97.00 409 136
9
30 390 200 903 97.3 97.8 97.6 97.2 2.5 4.4 3.6 2.8 2.3 45 97.50 420 120
9
45 548 280 1187 97.5 98.1 98.0 97.7 2.2 — 3.0 2.3 2.0 45 97.70 836 278
75 808 360 1850 97.8 98.1 97.8 97.5 2.4 5.6 4.8 4.3 2.2 50 98.00 805 268 9
112.5 990 540 2373 97.9 98.3 98.2 98.0 1.8 4.5 4.0 3.6 1.6 50 98.20 1303 434
150 1600 650 2372 98.1 98.5 98.4 98.1 1.3 3.4 3.0 2.8 1.1 50 98.30 1932 644 9
225 2306 850 4001 98.3 98.7 98.6 98.3 1.6 4.9 5.1 4.9 1.4 55 98.50 2508 836
300 3291 1100 4583 98.4 98.8 98.7 98.5 1.3 6.2 6.3 6.2 1.2 55 98.60 2851 950
9
9
9
% Imp. X R
kVA Weight
No
Load
Total at
Rise +20 25% 50% 75%
Full
Load
100%
PF
80%
PF
Trise
+20
Trise
+20
Trise
+20
Sound
Level dB
TP1
Efficiency
Absolute
Max.
Practical
Max.
9
15 315 165 536 96.4 97.3 97.2 96.9 2.5 3.9 3.6 2.5 2.5 45 97.00 375 125
9
30 408 188 854 97.4 97.9 97.7 97.3 2.3 4.0 3.6 2.8 2.2 45 97.50 497 166
45 555 280 982 97.6 98.2 98.2 98.0 1.6 3.2 3.0 2.5 1.6 45 97.70 656 218 9
75 838 400 1289 97.8 98.4 98.5 98.4 1.3 3.0 2.9 2.6 1.2 50 98.00 1624 541
112.5 1367 550 1905 97.9 98.5 98.5 98.4 1.3 4.2 4.4 4.2 1.2 50 98.20 1171 390 9
150 1607 668 2474 98.2 98.6 98.6 98.4 1.4 4.6 4.7 4.5 1.2 50 98.30 1562 520
225 2582 850 3471 98.3 98.7 98.7 98.5 1.3 5.1 6.3 6.2 1.2 55 98.50 2159 719
9
300 3228 1100 3978 98.3 98.8 98.8 98.7 1.1 4.2 4.5 4.3 1.0 55 98.60 3255 1085 9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9

9.6 Transformers
Typical Data for 600-Volt Class General-Purpose Dry-Type Transformers, Copper Wound
9
Losses in Watts Efficiency (Trise +20°) % Regulation Inrush
9 No Total at Full 100% 80% % Sound TP1 Absolute Practical
kVA Weight Load Rise +20 25% 50% 75% Load PF PF Imp. X R Level dB Efficiency Max. Max.
9 15 270 80 605 97.6 97.5 96.9 96.3 3.5 4.2 4.2 2.3 3.5 45 97.70 551 183
25 406 115 732 97.9 98.1 97.7 97.3 — — 3.5 2.5 2.5 45 98.00 1379 459
9
37.5 453 125 1154 98.2 98.1 97.6 97.0 2.7 3.7 4.8 4.0 2.7 45 98.20 1321 440
9 50 657 160 1159 98.3 98.4 98.1 97.7 2.0 3.3 3.8 3.8 2.0 45 98.30 1321 440
75 803 175 2259 98.5 98.3 97.7 97.1 2.8 4.8 6.5 5.8 2.8 50 98.50 2133 711
9 100 960 250 2504 98.6 98.4 98.0 97.5 2.3 4.3 5.5 5.0 2.3 50 98.60 2779 926
167 1665 570 3094 98.7 98.8 98.6 98.3 1.5 6.3 9.0 8.8 1.5 50 98.70 2865 955
9
9 15 264 80 437 97.8 98.1 97.8 97.3 2.4 2.2 3.3 2.2 2.4 45 97.70 718 239
9 25 420 110 603 97.9 98.2 98.0 97.7 2.0 2.9 3.2 2.6 2.0 45 98.00 862 287
37.5 450 125 1217 98.2 98.0 97.5 96.9 2.9 4.5 5.9 5.1 2.9 45 98.20 1300 433
9 50 703 300 1409 98.4 98.4 98.0 97.6 2.2 3.8 4.7 4.1 2.2 — 98.30 1498 499
75 793 175 2178 98.5 98.3 97.8 97.2 2.7 4.7 6.2 5.6 2.7 50 98.50 2107 702
9
9 15 407 115 293 97.3 98.2 98.3 98.2 1.2 1.7 1.8 1.4 1.2 45 97.70 375 125
25 430 300 679 97.9 98.4 98.3 98.1 1.5 2.6 3.0 2.6 1.5 45 98.00 494 164
9 37.5 685 300 729 98.1 98.6 98.6 98.5 1.1 2.2 2.6 2.3 1.1 45 98.20 617 205
9 50 799 180 1013 98.3 98.6 98.4 98.1 1.7 2.9 3.4 2.9 1.7 45 98.30 989 329
75 1042 250 1447 98.3 98.6 98.4 98.1 1.6 3.4 3.8 3.5 1.6 50 98.50 1015 338
9
9 Type DT-3 150°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient
9 15 250 150 755 98.9 97.0 96.4 95.7 4.2 5.3 4.8 2.6 4.0 45 97.00 321 107
30 350 165 1100 97.3 97.5 97.0 96.5 3.2 4.5 5.2 4.1 3.1 45 97.50 614 204
9 37.5 415 210 1382 97.5 97.6 97.1 96.5 3.2 4.8 4.0 2.5 3.1 45 97.70 639 213
45 416 215 1786 97.4 97.4 96.9 96.2 3.6 5.5 4.6 3.0 3.5 45 97.70 637 212
9 50 647 270 1220 97.7 98.2 98.0 97.7 2.0 3.5 2.8 2.0 1.9 45 98.00 1072 357
9 75 643 320 2903 97.9 97.5 97.1 96.4 3.6 7.4 4.3 2.5 3.4 50 98.00 1015 338
112.5 876 420 3699 97.9 97.9 97.4 96.8 3.0 6.7 5.1 4.2 2.9 50 98.20 1185 395
9 150 1064 530 4269 98.1 98.2 97.8 97.3 2.7 5.3 4.3 3.5 2.5 50 98.30 1752 584
225 1569 560 7124 98.4 98.1 97.5 97.0 3.2 8.7 7.4 6.8 2.9 55 98.50 2498 832
9 300 2050 730 7959 98.4 98.3 97.9 97.4 2.6 6.7 5.5 4.9 2.4 55 98.60 2872 964
500 3681 1400 8292 98.8 98.9 98.7 98.4 1.6 7.4 6.8 6.7 1.4 60 98.70 3839 1279
9
9

Transformers
9.6
9
No Total at Full 100% 80% % Sound TP1 Absolute Practical
9
15 256 95 669 97.7 97.8 97.3 96.7 4.0 5.4 4.8 2.9 3.8 45 97.00 229 76
9
30 337 180 1077 97.7 97.8 97.3 96.8 3.0 6.2 4.6 3.5 3.0 45 97.50 433 144
9
45 446 215 1625 97.7 97.7 97.2 96.6 3.2 5.2 4.4 3.1 3.1 45 97.70 658 219
50 630 270 1213 97.8 98.2 98.0 97.7 2.0 3.5 3.0 2.3 1.9 45 98.00 960 320 9
75 662 320 2346 97.9 98.0 97.6 97.0 2.8 5.4 4.7 3.9 2.7 50 98.00 842 280
112.5 914 400 2953 98.1 98.2 97.9 97.4 2.5 5.7 5.0 4.5 2.3 50 98.20 1036 345 9
150 1132 530 3364 98.3 98.5 98.2 97.8 2.0 4.8 4.4 4.0 1.9 50 98.30 1605 535
225 2036 650 6445 98.4 98.3 97.8 97.3 2.9 8.8 8.1 7.7 2.6 55 98.50 1572 524
9
300 2325 830 6038 98.6 98.7 98.4 98.1 2.0 5.7 5.2 4.9 1.7 55 98.60 1860 620
9
500 3681 1400 7841 98.8 98.9 98.7 98.5 1.4 6.8 6.8 6.6 1.3 60 98.70 4033 1344
9
No Total at Full 100% 80% % Sound TP1 Absolute Practical 9
15 349 135 390 96.6 97.7 97.7 97.6 1.8 2.4 2.1 1.3 1.7 45 97.00 449 150 9
30 410 210 823 97.3 97.9 97.7 97.4 2.1 3.4 3.0 2.1 2.0 45 97.50 493 164
45 504 200 1308 97.9 98.0 97.7 97.2 2.5 4.5 3.9 3.1 2.5 45 97.70 473 158 9
75 818 370 1837 97.9 98.2 98.0 97.7 2.0 9.3 4.3 3.8 2.0 50 98.00 937 312
112.5 1065 440 2409 98.1 98.3 98.0 97.6 1.8 3.8 3.3 2.8 1.8 50 98.20 1754 584
9
150 1410 650 3349 98.3 98.5 98.3 97.9 1.9 3.9 3.7 3.2 1.8 50 98.30 1593 531 9
225 2030 830 4096 98.4 98.7 98.5 98.3 1.6 5.4 5.4 5.2 1.5 55 98.50 2568 856
300 3041 1100 4646 98.5 98.8 98.7 98.5 1.4 5.6 6.1 6.0 1.2 55 98.60 3753 1251 9
9
Losses in Watts Efficiency (Trise +20°) % Regulation Inrush 9
kVA Weight Load Rise +20 25% 50% 75% Load PF PF Imp. X R Level dB Efficiency Max. Max. 9
15 251 100 635 96.8 97.1 96.6 96.0 3.7 5.0 4.2 2.1 3.6 45 97.00 265 88
30 326 165 1134 97.4 97.5 97.1 96.5 3.5 5.3 4.3 2.9 3.2 45 97.50 504 168 9
45 479 220 1505 97.6 97.8 97.3 96.8 3.0 5.6 5.0 4.1 2.9 45 97.70 670 223
75 463 300 2883 97.9 97.7 97.1 96.4 3.6 7.1 5.9 4.7 3.4 50 98.00 975 325
9
112.5 977 440 2952 98.1 98.2 97.9 97.5 2.6 6.6 5.6 5.1 2.2 50 98.20 1031 344 9
150 1212 540 3716 98.3 98.4 98.0 97.6 2.4 6.0 5.1 4.6 2.1 50 98.30 1574 524
225 1815 650 5420 98.4 98.5 98.1 97.7 2.4 7.6 6.5 6.2 2.1 55 98.50 1694 565 9
300 2400 830 6259 98.6 98.6 98.4 98.0 2.2 6.3 5.2 4.9 1.8 55 98.60 2594 864
9
9
9
9
9
9

9.6 Transformers
9
9 15 256 95 702 96.7 96.9 96.3 95.6 4.2 5.7 5.0 2.9 4.0 45 97.00 279 93
30 341 165 1007 97.4 97.6 97.3 96.8 3.0 4.8 4.2 3.1 2.8 45 97.50 466 155
9
45 526 220 1200 97.9 98.1 97.9 97.5 2.3 5.0 4.1 3.5 2.2 50 97.70 633 211
9 75 759 300 1715 98.1 98.3 98.1 97.8 1.9 5.0 4.5 4.1 1.9 50 98.00 929 309
112.5 1030 470 2735 98.0 98.3 98.0 97.7 2.2 4.4 3.8 3.2 2.0 50 98.20 1171 390
9 150 1631 650 3076 98.2 98.5 98.3 98.1 1.7 4.9 4.5 4.2 1.6 50 98.30 1250 416
225 1965 690 4434 98.5 98.6 98.4 98.1 1.9 5.6 5.3 5.0 1.7 55 98.50 1979 659
9 300 2337 830 6127 98.6 98.7 98.4 98.0 2.0 5.2 4.7 4.3 1.8 55 98.60 2187 729
9
9
9 kVA Weight
No
Load
Total at
Rise +20 25% 50% 75%
Full
Load
100%
PF
80%
PF
%
Imp. X R
Sound
Level dB
TP1
Efficiency
Absolute
Max.
Practical
Max.
9 15 365 165 371 97.0 98.0 98.1 98.0 1.5 2.3 2.1 1.5 1.4 45 97.00 499 166
30 424 210 787 97.3 97.9 97.8 97.6 2.0 3.2 2.9 2.2 1.9 45 97.50 659 219
9 45 653 290 977 97.4 98.1 98.1 98.0 1.6 3.1 3.0 2.5 1.5 45 97.70 925 308
75 640 350 1951 97.8 98.1 97.8 97.5 2.2 5.2 4.9 4.4 2.1 50 98.00 854 284
9 112.5 1264 560 2009 98.2 98.7 98.6 98.4 1.4 4.3 4.2 4.0 1.3 50 98.20 1449 483
150 1825 650 2873 98.5 98.7 98.5 98.2 1.6 6.1 6.4 6.3 1.5 50 98.30 1288 429
9 225 2096 890 4449 98.3 98.6 98.4 98.1 1.8 6.5 6.6 6.4 1.6 55 98.50 2292 764
9
9
9 kVA Weight
No
Load
Total at
Rise +20 25% 50% 75%
Full
Load
100%
PF
80%
PF
%
Imp. X R
Sound
Level dB
TP1
Efficiency
Absolute
Max.
Practical
Max.
9 15 346 165 461 96.2 97.4 97.5 97.3 2.1 3.0 2.5 1.6 2.0 45 97.00 527 176
30 390 190 908 97.2 97.7 97.5 97.1 2.6 4.0 3.3 2.3 2.4 45 97.50 579 193
9 45 623 235 1328 97.6 97.9 97.6 97.2 2.5 3.2 2.8 1.4 2.4 45 97.70 854 285
75 848 370 2402 97.7 97.9 97.5 97.0 2.8 5.7 4.5 3.6 2.7 50 98.00 1046 348
9 112.5 1080 455 2991 98.0 98.2 97.9 97.4 2.4 4.3 3.5 2.7 2.3 50 98.20 1180 393
150 1431 600 3686 98.2 98.3 98.1 97.7 2.3 5.1 4.2 3.7 2.1 50 98.30 1250 416
9 225 2129 830 4250 98.4 98.6 98.4 98.2 2.0 6.3 5.4 5.1 1.5 55 98.50 2771 923
9
9 kVA Weight
No
Load
Total at
Rise +20 25% 50% 75%
Full
Load
100%
PF
80%
PF
%
Imp. X R
Sound
Level dB
TP1
Efficiency
Absolute
Max.
Practical
Max.
9 15 341 165 378 96.6 97.8 97.9 97.9 1.5 2.4 2.1 1.6 1.4 45 97.00 472 157
30 444 188 824 97.1 97.8 97.6 97.3 2.2 3.6 3.1 2.2 2.1 45 97.50 620 206
9 45 598 250 1476 97.4 97.7 97.4 96.9 2.8 4.6 4.0 2.9 2.7 45 97.70 939 313
75 894 350 2128 97.9 98.1 97.9 97.5 1.9 5.1 4.6 4.0 2.4 50 98.00 847 282
9 112.5 1054 460 2612 98.1 98.3 98.1 97.8 2.0 4.3 3.3 2.6 1.9 50 98.20 1375 458
150 1399 600 3185 98.2 98.5 98.3 98.0 2.0 5.9 5.4 5.1 1.7 50 98.30 1379 460
9
225 2088 890 4382 98.3 98.6 98.4 98.2 1.8 6.1 5.7 5.5 1.6 55 98.50 2490 830
9

Transformers
9.6
9
Type KT-13 80°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient 9
9
15 370 165 382 96.7 97.8 97.9 97.8 1.5 2.4 2.2 1.6 1.4 45 97.00 472 157
9
30 490 188 595 97.4 98.2 98.2 98.1 1.4 3.0 2.8 2.5 1.4 45 97.50 592 197
9
45 635 290 1189 97.4 97.9 97.8 97.5 2.1 3.9 3.5 2.8 2.0 45 97.70 736 245
75 987 410 1351 97.7 98.9 98.4 98.3 1.4 2.8 2.6 2.3 1.3 50 98.00 1590 530 9
112.5 854 560 2039 98.1 98.6 98.5 98.3 1.4 4.2 4.3 4.1 1.3 50 98.20 1374 458
150 1807 650 3053 98.0 98.4 98.3 98.0 1.7 4.3 4.0 3.7 1.6 50 98.30 1472 490 9
225 4091 1200 2364 98.2 98.9 99.1 99.1 0.6 2.7 2.9 2.8 0.5 55 98.50 4321 1440
9
Type KT-13 115°C Rise E3 Efficient 9
9
15 3.25 78 359 97.6 98.1 98.0 97.7 2.0 3.7 3.2 2.6 1.9 45 98.00 307 102
9
30 370 125 636 98.1 98.4 98.3 98.0 1.7 2.7 2.3 1.6 1.7 45 98.30 779 260
9
45 635 135 1076 98.5 98.5 98.1 97.7 2.2 4.1 3.5 2.8 2.1 45 98.50 617 206
75 870 225 1529 98.5 98.6 98.4 98.0 1.9 4.9 4.4 4.1 1.7 50 98.60 993 331 9
112.5 1526 350 1768 98.6 98.8 98.7 98.5 1.3 3.5 3.1 2.8 1.3 50 98.80 2447 816
150 1665 350 2419 97.8 98.9 98.7 98.4 1.5 4.5 4.2 3.9 1.4 50 98.90 1976 659 9
225 2094 650 3650 98.9 98.9 98.8 98.5 1.5 5.4 5.2 5.1 1.3 55 99.00 2686 895
300 3900 750 3731 98.9 99.1 99.0 98.8 1.3 5.2 5.2 5.1 1.0 55 99.04 2990 997
9
9
Type KT-9 115°C Rise E3 Efficient
9
kVA Weight
No
Load
Total at
Rise +20 25% 50% 75%
Full
Load
100%
PF
80%
PF
%
Imp. X R
Sound
Level dB
TP1
Efficiency
Absolute
Max.
Practical
Max.
9
15 335 78 353 97.4 98.0 98.0 97.7 2.0 3.7 3.2 2.6 1.8 45 98.00 287 96
9
30 406 125 670 98.0 98.3 98.1 97.8 1.9 2.7 2.4 1.5 1.8 45 98.30 780 260
45 635 135 1075 98.6 98.5 98.2 97.7 2.3 4.1 3.5 2.8 2.1 45 98.50 603 201 9
75 870 210 1551 98.5 98.6 98.3 98.0 1.9 4.0 3.6 3.1 1.8 50 98.60 958 319
112.5 1526 350 1583 98.6 98.9 98.8 98.6 1.2 3.0 2.7 2.5 1.1 50 98.80 2480 827 9
150 1665 350 2463 98.8 98.9 98.7 98.4 1.6 4.5 4.2 4.0 1.4 50 98.90 1930 643
225 2094 650 3766 98.8 98.9 98.7 98.4 1.7 5.5 5.2 5.0 1.4 55 99.00 2778 926
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9

9.6 Transformers
9
9 Type NON HMT 115°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient
9 15 362 80 527 97.6 97.7 97.3 96.7 3.2 5.9 5.1 4.2 3.0 45 97.00 — —
30 430 100 1040 98.3 98.0 97.4 96.7 3.2 6.2 5.4 4.4 3.1 45 97.50 — —
9
45 627 170 1368 98.3 98.2 97.7 97.2 2.8 6.0 5.2 4.4 2.7 45 97.70 — —
9 75 926 250 2096 98.4 98.3 97.9 97.4 2.6 7.0 6.2 5.7 2.5 50 98.00 — —
112.5 1628 400 2515 98.4 98.5 98.3 97.9 2.0 5.5 4.9 4.5 1.9 50 98.20 — —
9 150 2001 500 2688 98.5 98.7 98.6 98.3 1.6 5.6 5.2 5.0 1.5 50 98.30 — —
225 3596 590 3310 98.8 98.9 98.8 98.6 1.5 6.2 6.0 5.9 1.2 55 98.50 — —
9 300 3891 800 4854 98.7 98.9 98.7 98.4 1.7 7.1 7.0 6.8 1.4 55 98.60 — —
9
Type THR HMT 115°C Rise NEMA TP-1 Efficient
9
9 kVA Weight
No
Load
Total at
Rise +20 25% 50% 75%
Full
Load
100%
PF
80%
PF
%
Imp. X R
Sound
Level dB
TP1
Efficiency
Absolute
Max.
Practical
Max.
9 15 — 80 708 97.1 97.0 96.4 95.5 4.3 7.4 6.3 4.7 4.2 45 97.00 — —
30 450 100 1409 98.0 97.4 96.5 95.6 4.7 8.0 6.8 5.2 4.4 45 97.50 — —
9 45 610 170 1374 98.2 98.1 97.7 97.1 2.8 4.8 4.2 3.2 2.7 45 97.70 — —
75 868 250 2341 98.2 98.1 97.6 97.0 2.9 6.6 5.8 5.0 2.8 50 98.00 — —
9 112.5 1643 400 2685 98.3 98.4 98.1 97.7 2.2 5.5 5.0 4.6 2.0 50 98.20 — —
150 — 500 3304 98.5 98.6 98.3 97.9 2.0 6.7 6.3 6.0 1.9 50 98.30 — —
9 225 3370 590 3712 98.7 98.8 98.7 98.4 1.7 6.6 6.4 6.2 1.4 55 98.50 — —
9 300 3894 800 4688 98.9 99.0 98.8 98.5 1.7 7.4 7.2 7.1 1.3 55 98.60 — —
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9

Transformers
9.6
Typical Specifications—
General-Purpose (1000 kVA and Below) 9
General Core and Coil Assemblies Enclosures 9
Furnish and install, single- Transformer core shall be The enclosure shall be made suitable weathershields over
phase and three-phase constructed with high-grade, of heavy-gauge steel and ventilation openings. To 9
general-purpose individually non-aging, silicon steel with shall be finished using a ensure proper ventilation,
mounted dry-type high magnetic permeability, continuous process of locate the unit at least 6 9
transformers of the two- and low hysteresis and eddy degreasing, cleaning and inches (152.4 mm) from the
winding type, self-cooled, current losses. Maximum phosphatizing, followed by adjacent wall or structure.
with ratings and voltages as magnetic flux densities electrostatic deposition of 9
indicated on the drawings. shall be substantially below a thermosetting polyester Tests
Transformers shall be the saturation point. The powder coating and The following tests shall be 9
manufactured by Eaton. transformer core volume shall subsequent baking. The performed as standard on all
Transformers shall be
allow efficient transformer coating color shall be ANSI 61 transformers: 9
operation at 10% above the and shall be UL recognized
designed, manufactured and nominal tap voltage. The core for outdoor use. The 1. Ratio tests at the rated
tested in accordance with all laminations shall be tightly maximum temperature voltage connection and 9
the latest applicable ANSI, clamped and compressed. on top of the enclosure at all tap connections.
NEMA and IEEE Standards. Coils shall be wound of shall not exceed 90°C. 2. Polarity and phase
9
All 600-volt class transformers electrical-grade [aluminum]
On units rated [75 kVA relation tests on the
through 1000 kVA shall be UL
listed and bear the UL label.
[copper] and continuous
and below] [15 kVA and rated voltage connection. 9
wound construction. BIL
below] [9 kVA and below]
Transformers shall be (basic impulse level) for all
encapsulated, the enclosure
3. Applied potential tests. 9
designed for continuous 600-volt class windings shall
be 10 kV. construction shall be totally 4. Induced potential test.
operation at rated kVA, for enclosed, non-ventilated, 9
operation 24 hours a day, On encapsulated units NEMA 3R, with lifting 5. No-load and excitation
365 days a year, with normal current at rated voltage
life expectancy as defined in
rated [75 kVA and below] provisions.
on the rated voltage
9
[15 kVA and below] [9 kVA
ANSI C57.96. and below], the core and On units rated [15 kVA and connection.
coil assembly shall be above] [30 kVA and above] 9
Insulation Systems completely encapsulated [112.5 kVA and above], the Sound Levels
Transformers shall be in a proportioned mixture of enclosure construction shall Transformer average sound 9
insulated as follows: resin or epoxy and aggregate be ventilated, NEMA 2, drip- levels shall not exceed the
to provide a moisture-proof, proof, with lifting provisions. following ANSI and NEMA 9
● Type EP or EPT: All ventilation openings shall levels for self-cooled ratings
0.050 through 75 kVA: shock-resistant seal. The
be protected against falling measured in accordance with
180°C insulation system core and coil encapsulation
dirt. On outdoor units, provide NEMA ST-20.
9
system shall minimize the
● Type DS-3 or DT-3: sound level.
15 kVA and above: 220°C Average Sound Levels 1
9
insulation system On ventilated units rated
Required performance
[15 kVA and above] [30 kVA NEMA ST-20 Average Sound Level in dB
Up to 1.2 kV Above 1.2 kV
9
and above] [112.5 kVA
shall be obtained without and above], the core and kVA Ventilated Encapsulated Ventilated
exceeding the above coil assembly shall be
9
indicated temperature 0–9 40 45 45
installed on vibration-
rise in a 40°C maximum absorbing pads. 10–50 45 50 50 9
ambient, with a 30°C average 51–150 50 55 55
over 24 hours.
151–300 55 57 58 9
All insulation materials shall 301–500 60 59 60
be flame-retardant and shall
501–700 62 61 62
9
not support combustion as
defined in ASTM Standard
Test Method D635.
701–1000 64 63 64 9
1001–1500 65 64 65
Note
9
1 Currently being reviewed and revised by NEMA.
9
9
9
9
9

9.6 Transformers
9 Dry-Type Transformers for Nonlinear Loads
9 General Core and Coil Assemblies Enclosures Nonlinear Ratings
Furnish and install, Transformer core shall be The enclosure shall be made Harmonic K-4 K-13
9 individually mounted dry-type constructed with high-grade, of heavy gauge steel and
Fundamental 100.0% 100.0%
transformers of the two- non-aging, silicon steel with shall be finished utilizing a
continuous process of 3rd 34.0% 70.0%
9 winding type, self-cooled,
with ratings and voltages as
high magnetic permeability,
and low hysteresis and eddy degreasing, cleaning and 5th 22.0% 42.0%
indicated on the drawings. current losses. Maximum phosphatizing, followed by
9 magnetic flux densities electrostatic deposition of a
7th 3.0% 5.0%
Transformers shall be shall be substantially below polymer polyester powder 9th 1.0% 3.0%
9 manufactured by Eaton. the saturation point. The coating and baking. The 11th 0.7% 3.0%
Transformers shall be transformer core volume shall coating color shall be ANSI 61 13th 0.5% 1.0%
9 designed, manufactured allow efficient transformer and shall be UL recognized
15th 0.3% 0.7%
and tested in accordance operation at 10% above the for outdoor use. The
nominal tap voltage. The core maximum temperature
9 with all the latest applicable
laminations shall be tightly on top of the enclosure
17th 0.3% 0.6%
ANSI, NEMA and IEEE
Standards. All 600-volt clamped and compressed. shall not exceed 90°C. Tests
9 class transformers through The following tests shall be
Transformer coils shall be The enclosure construction
500 kVA shall be UL listed shall be ventilated, NEMA 2, performed as standard on all
9 as suitable for non-sinusoidal
wound of electrical-grade
[aluminum] [copper] drip-proof, with lifting transformers:
current loads with K factor conductor with continuous provisions. All ventilation
9 not to exceed [4] [13] [20]. wound construction. An openings shall be protected
1. Ratio tests at the rated
voltage connection and
electrostatic shield consisting against falling dirt. On at all tap connections.
9 Insulation Systems of a single turn of aluminum outdoor units, provide
Transformers shall be shall be placed between the suitable weathershields 2. Polarity and phase
9 insulated with a UL
recognized 220°C
primary and secondary over ventilation openings. To relation tests on the
rated voltage connection.
winding and grounded to the ensure proper ventilation,
insulation system. Winding transformer core. BIL (basic locate the unit at least 6
9 temperature rise shall be impulse level) for all 600-volt inches (152.4 mm) from the 3. Applied potential tests.
[80°C] [115°C] [150°C]. class windings shall be 10 kV. adjacent wall or structure. 4. Induced potential test.
9
Required performance The core and coil assembly Nonlinear Ratings 5. No-load and excitation
shall be obtained without
9 exceeding the above
shall be installed on vibration-
absorbing pads.
The transformers shall be current at rated voltage
specifically designed to on the rated voltage
indicated temperature rise in connection.
9 a 40°C maximum ambient, The neutral conductor shall supply circuits with a
with a 30°C average. be rated to carry 200% of harmonic profile equal to or
less than a K-factor of 4 or 13 Sound Levels
9 All insulation materials shall
normal phase current.
as described below without Transformer average sound
be flame-retardant and shall exceeding [80°C] [115°C] levels shall not exceed the
9 not support combustion as [150°C] temperature rise. following ANSI and NEMA
defined in ASTM Standard levels for self-cooled ratings
9 Test Method D635. measured in accordance with
NEMA ST-20.
9
Average Sound Levels 1
9 NEMA ST-20 Average Sound Level in dB
9 kVA Ventilated Encapsulated Ventilated
0–9 40 45 45
9 10–50 45 50 50
51–150 50 55 55
9 151–300 55 57 58
9 301–500 60 59 60
501–700 62 61 62
9 701–1000 64 63 64
1001–1500 65 64 65
9 Note
9
9

Transformers
9.6
Typical Specification—
AC Adjustable Frequency Drive Isolation Transformers 9
General Core and Coil Assemblies Enclosures 9
Furnish and install, single- Transformer core shall be The enclosure shall be made The following table lists
phase and three-phase constructed with high-grade, of heavy-gauge steel and the recommended kVA 9
general-purpose individually non-aging, silicon steel with shall be finished using a size of the drive isolation
mounted dry-type high magnetic permeability, continuous process of transformer for a specific 9
transformers of the two- and low hysteresis and eddy degreasing, cleaning, and horsepower requirement.
winding type, self-cooled, current losses. Maximum phosphatizing, followed by
with ratings and voltages magnetic flux densities shall electrostatic deposition of Three-Phase
9
for input application as be substantially below the a thermosetting polyester
indicated on the drawings. saturation point. The powder coating and Horsepower
AC Motor
kVA
Minimum
9
Transformers shall be transformer core volume shall subsequent baking. The
manufactured by Eaton. allow efficient transformer coating color shall be ANSI 61 5 7.5 9
operation at 10% above the and shall be UL recognized 7.5 11
Transformers shall be nominal tap voltage. The core for outdoor use. The
designed, manufactured and laminations shall be tightly maximum temperature on
10 14 9
tested in accordance with all clamped and compressed. top of the enclosure shall 15 20
the latest applicable ANSI, Coils shall be wound of not exceed 90°C. 20 27 9
NEMA and IEEE Standards. electrical-grade [aluminum]
The enclosure construction 25 34
All 600-volt class transformers
through 550 kVA shall be UL
[copper] and continuous
shall be ventilated, NEMA 2, 30 40
9
wound construction. BIL
listed and bear the UL label. drip-proof, with lifting
(basic impulse level) for all
provisions. All ventilation
40 51 9
Transformers shall be 600-volt class windings shall 50 63
be 10 kV. openings shall be protected
designed for continuous against falling dirt. To ensure 60 75 9
operation at rated kVA, for A temperature sensing proper ventilation, locate
operation 24 hours a day, 75 93
365 days a year, with normal
device shall be imbedded the unit at least 6 inches
100 118
9
in the center coil. (152.4 mm) from the
life expectancy as defined in adjacent wall or structure.
ANSI C57.96. The core and coil assembly On outdoor units, provide
125 145
9
150 175
shall be installed on vibration- suitable weathershields
Insulation Systems absorbing pads. over ventilation openings. 200 220 9
Transformers shall be 250 275
insulated with a UL Sound Levels 300 330 9
recognized 220°C Transformer average sound
insulation system. 400 440
levels shall not exceed the
500 550
9
Required performance following ANSI and NEMA
shall be obtained without levels for self-cooled ratings 600 660
9
exceeding the above measured in accordance with 700 770
indicated temperature rise NEMA ST-20.
in a 40°C maximum ambient,
9
with a 30°C average over Average Sound Levels 1
24 hours. NEMA ST-20 Average Sound Level in dB

9
All insulation materials shall
be flame-retardant and shall kVA Ventilated Encapsulated Ventilated
9
not support combustion as
0–9 40 45 45 9
10–50 45 50 50
Test Method D635.
51–150 50 55 55 9
151–300 55 57 58
301–500 60 59 60 9
501–700 62 61 62
701–1000 64 63 64
9
1001–1500 65 64 65 9
Note
1 Currently being reviewed and revised by NEMA. 9
9
9
9

9.6 Transformers
9 Mini–Power Centers (3–30 kVA)
9 General Core and Coil Assemblies Tests
Furnish and install, single- 1. All interconnecting wiring Transformer core shall be The following tests shall be
9 phase and three-phase between the primary constructed with high-grade, performed as standard on all
general-purpose individually breaker and transformer, non-aging, silicon steel with transformers:
9 mounted mini–power centers secondary main breaker high magnetic permeability,
and low hysteresis and eddy 1. Ratio tests at the rated
of the two-winding type, and transformer, and
current losses. Maximum voltage connection and
self-cooled, with ratings distribution section shall
9 and voltages as indicated be factory installed. Main magnetic flux densities shall at all tap connections.
on the drawings. Mini– primary, secondary and be substantially below the 2. Polarity and phase
9 power centers shall be feeder breakers shall saturation point. relation tests on the
manufactured by Eaton. be enclosed with a rated voltage connection.
The transformer core
9 Units shall be designed,
padlockable hinged door.
volume shall allow efficient 3. Applied potential tests.
manufactured and tested in 2. The secondary transformer operation at
9 accordance with all the latest distribution section shall 10% above the nominal tap 4. Induced potential test.
applicable ANSI, NEMA, accommodate one-inch, voltage. The core laminations
5. No-load and excitation
9 IEEE, CSA and UL standards, plug-in breakers with shall be tightly clamped and
current at rated voltage
and shall be UL listed and 10 kA interrupting compressed. Coils shall be
on the rated voltage
9 CSA certified and bear the capacity. wound of electrical-grade
connection.
UL and CSA labels. aluminum (copper) with
3. On the all-copper, bolt-on continuous wound
9 Units shall be designed for designs, the secondary construction. BIL (basic
Sound Levels
continuous operation at distribution section shall impulse level) for all 600-volt Transformer average sound
9 rated kVA, 24 hours a day, accommodate bolt-on class windings shall be 10 kV. levels shall not exceed the
365 days a year, with normal breakers with 10 kA following ANSI/NEMA levels
life expectancy as defined in interrupting capacity. The core and coil assembly for self-cooled ratings
9 ANSI C57.96. shall be completely measured in accordance
Insulation System encapsulated in a with NEMA ST-20.
9 Each mini–power center shall
Transformers shall be proportioned mixture
include a main primary breaker of resin or expoxy and
insulated with a 180°C Average Sound Levels 1
9 with an interrupting rating aggregate to provide a
insulation system.
of 14 kA at 277/480 volts; moisture-proof, shock- NEMA Average
an encapsulated dry-type kVA Sound Level in dB
Required performance resistant seal. The core
9 transformer and a secondary shall be obtained without and coil encapsulation 0–9 45
panelboard with main breaker exceeding the above system shall minimize the
9 rated 10 kA interrupting rating indicated temperature rise sound level.
10–30 50
at 120/240 volts. in a 40°C maximum ambient, Note

9 with a 30°C average over Enclosures 1 Currently being reviewed and revised
24 hours. by NEMA.
The enclosure shall be made
9 All insulation materials shall of heavy-gauge steel and
be flame-retardant and shall shall be finished using a
9 not support combustion as continuous process of
degreasing, cleaning, and
phosphatizing, followed by
9 Test Method D635.
electrostatic deposition of
a thermosetting polymer
9 polyester powder coating
and subsequent baking. The
9 coating color shall be ANSI 61
and shall be UL recognized
9 for outdoor use. Mini–power
centers shall be equipped
with a wiring compartment
9 suitable for conduit entry
and large enough to allow
9 convenient wiring. The
maximum temperature on
9 top of the enclosure shall
not exceed 90°C. The core
of the transformer shall be
9 grounded to the enclosure.
The enclosure shall be totally
9 enclosed, non-ventilated,
NEMA 3R, with lifting eyes.
9

Transformers
9.6
Typical Specification—
NEMA TP-1-2002 Compliant Energy-Efficient Transformers 9
General Core and Coil Assemblies Tests 9
Furnish and install, three- Transformer core shall be The following tests shall be 5. No-load and excitation
phase energy-efficient constructed with high-grade, performed as standard on all current at rated voltage 9
dry-type transformers that non-aging, silicon steel with transformers: on the rated voltage
comply with NEMA Standard high magnetic permeability, connection. 9
TP-1-2002 and U.S. DOE and low hysteresis and eddy 1. Ratio tests at the rated
10 CFR Parts 430 and 431. current losses. Maximum voltage connection and Efficiency
Transformers shall be of the magnetic flux densities at all tap connections.
Transformers shall be
9
two-winding type, self- shall be substantially below 2. Polarity and phase energy-efficient with
cooled, with ratings (kVA) as the saturation point. relation tests on the minimum efficiencies as set 9
indicated on the drawings. rated voltage connection. forth per NEMA TP-1-2002
The transformer core
Transformer’s losses shall
volume shall allow efficient 3. Applied potential tests.
and U.S. DOE 10 CFR Parts 9
conform to NEMA TP-1 430 and 431 when operated
requirements. Transformers transformer operation at
shall be manufactured 10% above the nominal tap 4. Induced potential test. at 35% of full load capacity. 9
by Eaton. voltage. The core laminations
shall be tightly clamped and 9
Transformers shall be compressed. Coils shall be NEMA TP-1-2002 Efficiency Levels
designed, manufactured and
tested in accordance with all
wound of electrical grade
[aluminum] [copper] and
Tables of Energy Efficiency 9
NEMA Class 1 Efficiency Levels
the latest applicable ANSI, continuous wound
NEMA and IEEE Standards, construction. BIL (basic
Dry-Type Distribution Transformers—Low Voltage (600 V and below)
Single-Phase Three-Phase
9
and shall be listed by impulse level) for all 600-volt kVA Efficiency kVA Efficiency
Underwriters Laboratories class windings shall be 10 kV. 9
and bear the UL label. 15 97.7 15 97.0
The core and coil assembly
Transformers shall be shall be installed on vibration-
25 98.0 30 97.5 9
designed for continuous absorbing pads. 37.5 98.2 45 97.7
operation at rated kVA, for 50 98.3 75 98.0 9
24 hours a day, 365 days Enclosures
75 98.5 112.5 98.2
a year, with normal life The enclosure shall be made
100 98.6 150 98.3
9
expectancy as defined in of heavy gauge steel and
ANSI C57.96. shall be finished utilizing a 167 98.7 225 98.5 9
continuous process of 250 98.8 300 98.6
Insulation System and degreasing, cleaning and
Temperature Rise phosphatizing, followed by
333 98.9 500 98.7 9
Transformers shall be electrostatic deposition of — — 750 98.8
insulated with a 220°C a thermosetting polyester — — 1000 98.9
9
insulation system. powder coating and
Transformers shall be subsequent baking. The
Sound Levels
9
150°C rise and shall be coating color shall be ANSI 61
capable of carrying a 15% Transformer average sound
continuous overload without
and shall be UL recognized
for outdoor use. levels shall not exceed the 9
exceeding a 150°C rise. following ANSI and NEMA
Required performance The enclosure construction levels for self-cooled ratings. 9
shall be obtained without shall be ventilated, NEMA 2,
exceeding the above rise drip-proof, with lifting 9
in a 40°C maximum, provisions. All ventilation Average Sound Levels 1
openings shall be protected
30°C average ambient
against falling dirt. To ensure NEMA ST-20 Average Sound Level in dB 9
temperature.
proper ventilation, locate Up to 1.2 kV Above 1.2 kV
All insulation materials shall the unit at least 6 inches kVA Ventilated Encapsulated Ventilated 9
be flame-retardant and shall (152.4 mm) from the 0–9 40 45 45
not support combustion as adjacent wall or structure.
10–50 45 50 50
9
Test Method D635. All transformers shall be
equipped with a wiring
51–150 50 55 55 9
151–300 55 57 58
compartment suitable for
conduit entry and large 301–500 60 59 60 9
enough to allow convenient 501–700 62 61 62
wiring. The maximum
701–1000 64 63 64 9
temperature on top of
the enclosure shall not 1001–1500 65 64 65
exceed 90°C.
9
Note
9

9.6 Transformers
Glossary of Transformer Terms

9 Air cooled: A transformer is understood, though this windings, core clamps, and medium. A transformer that
that is cooled by the natural is often abbreviated to the like, as well as circulating is cooled by a medium other
9 circulation of air around, or just “BTU.” currents (if any) in parallel than a liquid, normally by the
through, the core and coils. windings. Also called load circulation of air.
9 Ambient noise level: The
Buck-boost: The name
of a standard, single-phase,
losses.
E3: Eaton’s version of a CSL3
existing or inherent sound two-winding transformer Continuous rating: The load transformer.
9 level of the area surrounding application with the low that a transformer can handle
the transformer, prior to voltage secondary windings indefinitely without Eddy currents: The currents
9 energizing the transformer. connected as an exceeding its specified that are induced in the body
Measured in decibels. autotransformer for boosting temperature rise. of a conducting mass by the
time variation of magnetic
9 Ambient temperature:
(increasing) or bucking
Core losses: Losses flux or varying magnetic field.
(decreasing) voltages in small
The temperature of the air (expressed in watts) caused
9 surrounding the transformer
amounts. Applications can
either be single-phase or by magnetization of the Efficiency: The ratio of the
into which the heat of the core and its resistance to power output from a
three-phase. transformer to the total
9 transformer is dissipated. magnetic flux. Also called
power input. Typically
CE: Mark to indicate third- no-load losses or excitation
Ampacity: The current- expressed as a %.
9 carrying capacity of an
party approved or self-
certification to specific
losses. Core losses are
always present when the
electrical conductor under Electrostatic shield: Copper
requirements of the transformer is energized.
9 stated thermal conditions. European community.
or other conducting sheet
placed between primary and
Expressed in amperes. CSA: Canadian Standards
secondary windings, and
9 Ampere: The practical unit
Celsius (centigrade): Metric Association. The Canadian
grounded to reduce electrical
temperature measure. equivalent of Underwriters
of electric current. Laboratories (UL). interference and to provide
9 °F = (1.8 x °C) + 32 additional protection from
Attenuation: A decrease CSL3: Candidate Standard line-to-line or line-to-ground
in signal power or voltage. °C = (°F-32) / 1.8
9 Unit of measure is dB.
Level 3 (CSL3) design noise. Commonly referred to
Center tap: A tap at the mid- criteria developed by the as “Faraday shield.”
9 Autotransformer: point of a winding. The center U.S. Department of Energy.
This term is used when Encapsulated transformer:
A transformer in which part tap on three-phase delta-delta A transformer with its coils
of the winding is common transformers is called a considering the maximum,
9 to both the primary and the lighting tap. It provides 5% practical efficiency of a either dipped or cast in
transformer. an epoxy resin or other
secondary circuits. of the transformer’s kVA for
9 single-phase loads. cUL: Mark to indicate
encapsulating substance.
Banked: Two or more single- Enclosure: A surrounding
UL Certification to specific
9 phase transformers wired
together to supply a three-
Certified tests: Actual values
taken during production tests CSA Standards. case or housing used to
protect the contained
phase load. Three single- and certified as applying to a
9 phase transformers can be given unit shipped on a
Decibel (dB): Unit of equipment against external
measure used to express conditions and prevent
“banked” together to support specific order. Certified tests the magnitude of a change personnel from accidentally
9 a three-phase load. For are serial number–specific. in signal or sound level. contacting live parts.
example, three 10 kVA single-
Common mode: Electrical
9 phase transformers “banked”
noise or voltage fluctuation
Delta connection: A Environmentally preferable
together will have a 30 kVA standard three-phase product: A product that has
three-phase capacity. that occurs between all of the connection with the ends a lesser or reduced negative
9 line leads and the common of each phase winding effect on human health
BIL: Basic impulse level. ground, or between ground connected in series to form a and the environment when
9 The ability of a transformer’s and line or neutral. closed loop with each phase compared to competing
insulation system to 120 degrees from the other. products that serve the same
Compensated transformer:
9 withstand high voltage
surges. All Eaton 600V-class A transformer with a turns Sometimes referred to as purpose. This comparison
ratio that provides a higher three-wire. may consider raw materials
transformers have a 10 kV
9 BIL rating. than nameplate output Dielectric tests: Tests that
acquisition, production,
(secondary) voltage at no manufacturing, packaging,
consist of the application distribution, reuse, operation,
9 BTU: British thermal unit. load, and nameplate output of a voltage higher than the maintenance and disposal
In North America, the term (secondary) voltage at rated rated voltage for a specified
“BTU” is used to describe load. It is common for small of the product. This term
9 the heat value (energy transformers (2 kVA and less)
time for the purpose of includes recyclable products,
determining the adequacy recycled products and
content) of fuels, and also to be compensated. against breakdowns of
9 to describe the power of insulating materials and
reusable products.
heating and cooling systems, Conductor losses: Losses
(expressed in watts) in spacings under normal
9 such as furnaces, stoves,
a transformer that are conditions.
barbecue grills and air
incidental to carrying a load:
9 conditioners. When used
as a unit of power, BTU coil resistance, stray loss
Dry-type transformer: A
transformer in which the core
“per hour” (BTU/h) due to stray fluxes in the and coils are in a gaseous or
9 dry compound insulating

Transformers
9.6
EPACT: The Energy Policy Harmonic: A sinusoidal temperature of the coil September 29, 2009. All
Act of 1992 (EPAct) is an waveform with a frequency conductors, when using the Surge Protective Devices 9
important piece of legislation that is an integral multiple of resistance change method. must be designed, tested,
for efficiency because it the fundamental frequency
Hysteresis: The tendency of
manufactured and listed to 9
established minimum (60 Hz). the UL 1449 3rd Edition
efficiency levels for dry-type a magnetic substance to standard after this date.
distribution transformers 60 H3 fundamental persist in any state of 9
manufactured or imported 120 H3 2nd harmonic magnetization. Isolating transformer:
after December 2006. EPAct, 180 H3 3rd harmonic
Impedance: The retarding
A transformer where the 9
which was based on NEMA 240 H3 4th harmonic input (primary) windings
forces of current in an AC
standards, defined a number Harmonic distortion: circuit; the current-limiting
are not connected to the
output (secondary) windings
9
of terms, including what Nonlinear distortion of a characteristics of a (i.e., electrically isolated).
constitutes an energy- system characterized by transformer. Symbol = Z 9
efficient transformer. The the appearance of harmonic K-factor: A common industry
DOE issued a rule that Inductance: In electrical
defines these transformers
(non-sinusoidal) currents in
circuits, the opposition
term for the amount of 9
the output, when the input harmonics produced by a
and how manufacturers must is sinusoidal. to a change in the flow of given load. The larger the
comply. DOE EPAct rule electrical current. Symbol = L K-factor, the more harmonics
9
(PDF): Energy Efficiency Harmonic distortion, total that are present. Also used to
Inducted potential test:
Program for Certain (THD): The square root of
A standard dielectric test define a transformer’s ability 9
Commercial and Industrial the sum of the squares of to withstand the additional
all harmonic currents present of transformer insulation.
Equipment: Test Procedures,
Labeling, and the Certification in a load, excluding the Verifies the integrity of heating generated by 9
insulating materials and harmonic currents.
Requirements for Electric fundamental 60 Hz current.
Motors. Final Rule. 10-CFR Usually expressed as a electrical clearances. kVA: Kilovolt-ampere. 9
Part 431. percent of the fundamental. Inrush current: The initial Designates the output that
High voltage windings: high peak of current that a transformer can deliver for 9
Excitation current: No load a specified time at a rated
In a two-winding transformer, occurs in the first few
current. The current that
flows in any winding used the winding intended to cycles of energization, which secondary voltage and rated 9
can be 30 to 40 times the frequency without exceeding
to excite the transformer have the greater voltage. the specified temperature
when all other windings are Usually marked with rated current.
rise. When multiplied by
9
open-circuited. It is usually “H” designations. Insulating transformer: the power factor, will give
expressed in percent of the
HMT: Harmonic Mitigating Another term for an isolating kilowatts or kW. 9
rated current of a winding in transformer.
Transformer (HMT) is better 1000 VA = 1 kVA
which it is measured. Also
called magnetizing current.
able to handle the harmonic Insulation: Material with a 9
currents present in today’s high electrical resistance. Lamination: Thin sheets
FCAN: “Full Capacity Above electrical power system. of electrical steel used to 9
Nominal” taps. Designates thereby increasing system Insulation materials: Those construct the core of a
materials used to insulate
the transformer will deliver
its rated kVA when
capacity, reducing distortion
throughout a facility, help the transformer’s electrical
transformer. 9
to minimize downtime and windings from each other Limiting temperature:
connected to a voltage
source which is higher than “mysterious” maintenance and ground. The maximum temperature 9
on equipment, and return the at which a component or
the rated primary voltage. Integral TVSS or SPD: Major
longevity of equipment life
Standard Change for Surge
material may be operated
continuously with no sacrifice
9
FCBN: “Full Capacity Below through reduced operational
Nominal” taps. Designates Protective Devices (formerly in normal life expectancy.
the transformer will deliver
energy losses, thereby
known as Transient Voltage 9
running cooler. Linear load: A load where
its rated kVA when Surge Suppressors). The
connected to a voltage Hp: Horsepower. The energy primary safety standard for the current waveform 9
required to raise 33,000 transient voltage surge conforms to that of the
source which is lower than
applied voltage, or a load
the rated primary voltage. pounds a distance of one foot suppressors (TVSS) has
where a change in current
9
in one minute. 1 hp is equal undergone major revisions
Frequency: On AC circuits, to 746 watts, or 0.746 kW. in the past three years with is directly proportional to a
designates the number of mandatory compliance by change in applied voltage. 9
times that polarity alternates Hi pot: A standard test manufacturers required by
on dry-type transformers Live part: Any component 9
from positive to negative and September 29, 2009. Even
consisting of extra-high consisting of an electrically
back again per second, such the name of the standard has conductive material that
as 60 cycles per second. potentials (voltages)
connected to the windings.
changed from UL Standard can be energized under 9
Typically measured in for Safety for Transient
Used to check the integrity conditions of normal use.
Hertz (Hz).
of insulation materials
Voltage Surge Suppressors,
UL 1449 to UL Standard for Load losses: I2R losses
9
Ground: Connecting one and clearances. Safety for Surge Protective in windings. Also see
side of a circuit to the earth
Devices, UL 1449. This conductor losses. 9
through low resistance or Hottest-spot temperature:
The highest temperature means that TVSS listed to
low impedance paths to help
prevent transmitting electrical inside the transformer the UL 1449 2nd Edition 9
winding. Is greater than standard will no longer be
shock to personnel.
the measured average able to be manufactured after 9

9.6 Transformers
Low voltage winding: In a Phase: Type of AC electrical Sound levels: All Transformer tests:
9 two-winding transformer, the circuit; usually single-phase transformers make some Per NEMA ST-20, routine
winding intended to have two- or three-wire, or three- sound mainly due to the transformer production
9 the lesser voltage. Usually phase three- or four-wire. vibration generated in its tests are performed on
marked with “X” core by alternating flux. All each transformer prior to
designations. Polarity test: A standard test Eaton general-purpose dry- shipment. These tests are:
9 on transformers to determine type distribution transformers Ratio tests on the rated
Mid-tap: See center tap. instantaneous direction of are designed with sound voltage connection; Polarity
9 Noise level: The relative
the voltages in the primary levels lower than NEMA and Phase Relation tests on
compared to the secondary. ST-20 maximum levels. the rated connection; No-
intensity of sound, measured
9 in decibels (dB). NEMA Primary taps: Taps added to Star connection: Same as a
Load and Excitation Current
Standard ST-20 outlines the primary (input) winding. tests at rated voltage on the
wye connection.
9 the maximum allowable See Tap. rated voltage connection and
noise level for dry-type Step-down transformer: Applied Potential and Induced
Primary voltage: The input Potential tests. Special tests
9 transformers.
circuit voltage.
A transformer where the
include sound level testing.
input voltage is greater than
Nonlinear load: A load the output voltage.
9 where the current waveform Power factor: The cosine of Transverse mode: Electrical
does not conform to that of the phase angle between a Step-up transformer: noise or voltage disturbance
voltage and a current. that occurs between phase
9 the applied voltage, or where A transformer where the
and neutral, or from spurious
a change in current is not Ratio test: A standard test of input voltage is less than
proportional to a change in the output voltage. signals across metallic hot
9 applied voltage.
transformers to determine
line and the neutral
the ratio of the input (primary) T-T connection: See Scott T conductor.
9 Non-ventilated voltage to the output connection.
transformer: A transformer (secondary) voltage. Turns ratio: The ratio of the
Tap: A connection brought out number of turns in the high
9 where the core and coil
assembly is mounted inside
Reactance: The effect of of a winding at some point voltage winding to that in the
inductive and capacitive between its extremities,
an enclosure with no low voltage winding.
9 openings for ventilation. Also
components of a circuit
producing other than unity
usually to permit changing
the voltage or current ratio. Typical test data: Tests that
referred to as totally enclosed power factor. were performed on similar
9 non-ventilated (TENV). Taps are typically used to
units that were previously
Reactor: A single winding compensate for above or
No load losses: Losses in a below rated input voltage, manufactured and tested.
9 transformer that is excited at
device with an air or iron
in order to provide the rated
core that produces a UL (Underwriters
rated voltage and frequency specific amount of inductive output voltage. See FCAN Laboratories): An
9 but that is not supplying a reactance into a circuit. and FCBN. independent safety
load. No load losses include Normally used to reduce testing organization.
9 core losses, dielectric losses Temperature class: The
of control current. maximum temperature that
and conductor losses in the Universal taps: A
Regulation: Usually the insulation system of a
9 winding due to the exciting
current. Also referred to as expressed as the percent transformer can continuously
combination of six primary
voltage taps consisting of
excitation losses. change in output voltage withstand. The common 2 at +2-1/2% FCAN and
9 when the load goes from insulation classes are 105, 4 at -2-1/2% FCBN.
Overload capability: Short- full load to no load. 150, 180 (also 185) and 220.
9 term overload capacity is
Scott T connection: Temperature rise: The
Watt: A unit of electrical
designed into transformers as power when the current in a
required by ANSI. Continuous Connection for three-phase increase over ambient circuit is one ampere and the
9 overload capacity is not transformers. Instead of temperature of the windings voltage is one volt.
deliberately designed into using three sets of coils due to energizing and loading
9 a transformer because the for a three-phase load, the the transformer. Wye connection: A standard
design objective is to be transformer uses only two three-wire transformer
Total losses: The sum connection with similar
9 within the allowed winding sets of coils. of the no-load losses and ends of single-phase coils
temperature rise with load losses.
Series/multiple winding: connected together. The
9 nameplate loading.
A winding consisting of two Totally enclosed non- common point forms the
Percent IR (% resistance): or more sections that can ventilated enclosure: The electrical neutral point and
9 Voltage drop due to be connected for series core and coil assembly is may be grounded. Also
resistance at rated current operation or multiple (parallel) installed inside an enclosure referred to as three-phase
9 in percent of rated voltage. operation. Also called series-
parallel winding.
that has no ventilation to four-wire. To obtain the line-
cool the transformer. The to-neutral voltage, divide the
Percent IX (% reactance): line voltage by 3 ( 1.732 ) .
9 Voltage drop due to Short circuit: A low transformer relies on heat
to radiate from the enclosure
reactance at rated current resistance connection,
for cooling.
9 in percent of rated voltage. usually accidental, across
part of a circuit, resulting in
Percent IZ (% impedance): excessive current flow.
9 Voltage drop due to
impedance at rated current
9 in percent of rated voltage.

Transformers
9.6
Frequently Asked Questions About Transformers
9
Can 60 Hz transformers be used rise of the transformer is What are insulation classes? Can transformers be reverse-
at other frequencies? increased. Therefore, when a Insulation classes were connected (reverse-fed)? 9
Transformers rated for 60 Hz transformer is being installed originally used to distinguish Yes, with limitations. Eaton
can be applied to circuits with at altitudes greater than
3300 feet above sea level,
insulating materials operating single-phase transformers 9
a higher frequency, as long as at different temperatures. In rated 3 kVA and larger can be
the nameplate voltages are it is necessary to derate the reverse-connected without
not exceeded. The higher the nameplate kVA by 0.3% for
the past, letters were used
for the different designations. any loss of kVA capacity
9
frequency that you apply to each 330 feet (100 meters) Recently, insulation system or any adverse effects.
a 60 Hz transformer, the in excess of 3300 feet temperatures (°C) have Transformers rated 2 kVA 9
less voltage regulation you (1000 meters). replaced the letters’ and below, because there is a
will have. 60 Hz transformers designations. turns ratio compensation on 9
may be used at lower What considerations need to the low voltage winding that
be taken into account when
frequencies but only at
reduced voltages operating transformers where Insulation Classes adjusts voltage between no
load and full load conditions,
9
the ambient temperature Insulation
corresponding to the should not be reverse-fed.
reduction in frequency. For
is high? Previous System 9
Eaton’s dry-type transformers Designation Rating (°C) Three-phase transformers
example, a 480 to 120 volt
60 Hz transformer can carry are designed in accordance Class A 105 with either delta-delta or 9
rated kVA at 50 Hz but with ANSI standards to delta-wye configurations
Class B 150
operate in areas where the can also be reverse-
ONLY when applied as a
average maximum ambient Class F 180 connected for step-up
9
400 to 100 volt transformer
(50/60 x 480 = 400). temperature is 40°C. For Class H 220 operation. When reverse-
operation in ambient Class R 220
feeding a delta-wye 9
Can single-phase transformers temperatures above 40°C, connected transformer,
be used on a three-phase there are two options: there are two important 9
source? How do you know if the considerations to take into
1. Order a custom designed enclosure temperature is
Yes. Any single-phase transformer made for the too hot?
account: (1) The neutral is
not connected, only the
9
transformer can be used specific application. UL and CSA standards three-phase wires of the wye
on a three-phase source by
connecting the primary 2. Derate the nameplate
strictly regulate the system are connected, and 9
highest temperature that (2) the ground strap between
terminals of the single-phase kVA of a standard
transformer to any two wires transformer by 8% for
an enclosure can reach. For X0 and the enclosure must 9
ventilated transformers, the be removed. Due to high
of a three-phase system. It each 10°C of ambient
does not matter whether the above 40°C.
temperature of the enclosure
should not increase by more
inrush currents that may be 9
three-phase source is three- created in these applications,
than 50°C in a 40°C ambient it is recommended that
phase three-wire or three- What is the normal life
expectancy of a transformer? at full rated current. For you do not reverse-feed
9
phase four-wire. The output
encapsulated transformers, transformers rated more
of the transformer will be
single-phase.
When a transformer is
operated under ANSI/IEEE
the temperature of the than 75 kVA. The preferred 9
enclosure should not increase solution is to purchase an
basic loading conditions
Can transformers be used to ANSI C57.96), its normal life
by more than 65°C in a Eaton step-up transformer 9
create three-phase power from 25°C ambient at full rated designed specifically for
expectancy is 20 years. The
a single-phase system? current. This means that your application. 9
ANSI/IEEE basic loading
it is permissible for the
No. Single-phase conditions are:
temperature of the enclosure
transformers alone cannot
A. The transformer is to reach 90°C (194°F). 9
be used to create the phase-
continuously loaded Although this temperature is
shifts required for a three-
phase system. Phase at rated kVA and very warm to the touch, it is 9
rated voltages. within the allowed standards.
shifting devices (reactors
or capacitors) or phase B. The average temperature
A thermometer should be
used to measure enclosure
9
converters in conjunction of the ambient air during temperatures, not your hand.
with transformers are any 24-hour period is 9
required to change single- equal to 30°C and at
phase power to three-phase. no time exceeds 40°C. 9
What considerations need to C. The altitude where the
be taken into account when transformer is installed 9
operating transformers at does not exceed
high altitudes? 3300 feet (1000 meters). 9
At altitudes greater than
3300 feet (1000 meters),
the density of the air is less
9
than at lower elevations. This
reduces the ability of the air 9
surrounding a transformer to
cool it, so the temperature 9

9.6 Transformers
Can transformers be connected Why is the impedance of a What clearances are required
9 in parallel? transformer important? around transformers when they
Yes, with certain restrictions. The impedance of a are installed?
9 For single-phase transformers transformer is important All dry-type transformers
being connected in parallel, because it is used to depend upon the circulation of
9 the voltages and impedances determine the interrupting air for cooling; therefore, it is
of the transformers must be rating and trip rating of the important that the flow of air
equal (impedances must be circuit protection devices on around a transformer not be
9 within 7.5% of each other). the load or line side of the impeded. UL 1561 requires
For three-phase transformers, transformer. To calculate that there be no less than
9 the same restrictions apply as the maximum short circuit 6 inches (152.4 mm)
for single-phase transformers, current on the load side of clearance between any
9 plus the phase shift of the a transformer, use the side transformer with
transformers must be the following formula: ventilation openings and
any wall or obstruction.
9 same. For example, a delta-
wye–connected transformer Maximum Short Circuit = In compliance with
Load Current (Amps) NEC 450-9, Eaton’s ventilated
(30° phase shift) must be
9 connected in parallel with Full Load Current (Amps) transformers have a note on
another delta-wye–connected Transformer Impedance their nameplates requiring
9 transformer, not a delta-delta
Full load current for single-
a minimum of 6 inches
connected–transformer (152.4 mm) clearance from
phase circuits is:
9 (0° phase shift). the ventilation openings and
walls or other obstructions.
Nameplate Volt-Amps
--------------------------------------------------------------------- This clearance only addresses
9 Load (output) Voltage
the ventilation needs of the
and for three-phase circuits, transformer. There may
9 the full load current is: be additional local codes
and standards that affect
Nameplate Volts-Amps
9 ---------------------------------------------------------- installation clearances.
Load (output) Volts × 3
Transformers should not be
9 Example: For a standard mounted in such a manner
three-phase, 75 kVA that one unit will contribute
9 transformer, rated 480 volt to the additional heating
delta primary and 208Y/ of another unit, beyond
9 120 volt secondary (catalog
number V48M28T75J) and
allowable temperature limits,
for example, where two units
impedance equal to 5.1%, are mounted on a wall one
9 the full load current is: above the other.
9 75,000 VA
------------------------------- 208.2A
208V × 1.732
9 The maximum short circuit
load current is:
9 208.2A
----------------------- = 4, 082.4A
0.051
9
The circuit breaker or fuse
9 on the secondary side of this
transformer would have to
have a minimum interrupting
9 capacity of 4083 amperes at
208 volts. NEMA ST-20 (1992).
9 A similar transformer with
lower impedance would
9 require a primary circuit
breaker or fuse with a higher
9 interrupting capacity.
9
9
9
9

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9.

Technical Data and Specifications

winding can be connected 1001–1500 65 64 65

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Weight Lbs Losses in Watts Efficiency % Regulation % Impedance 2

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24 hours. NEMA ST-20 Average Sound Level in dB

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at 120/240 volts. in a 40°C maximum ambient, Note

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Glossary of Transformer Terms

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