Pipe Network Systems
(Hardy Cross)
CE 3620: Water Resources Engineering
February 6, 2013
Determine the flow rate in each line and pressure at each junction
node in the network below using the Hardy Cross method.
Given pipe and Junction
Node Elevation (ft) Demand (cfs)
junction node
1 320 2
information: 2 330 4
3 310 1
4 300 3
Total Demand: 10
Pipe No. Length Diameter Friction Area
(Line) Nodes (ft) (in) Factor (f) (sq. ft) K
1 A-1 1000 12 0.015 0.780 0.38
2 1-2 800 8 0.019 0.350 2.89
3 1-4 700 8 0.019 0.350 2.53
4 4-2 750 6 0.02 0.196 12.13
5 3-2 600 8 0.019 0.350 2.17
6 3-4 800 8 0.019 0.350 2.89
7 B-3 900 10 0.017 0.550 0.94
No Flow Line
III
II
I
Iteration 1
Assumed
Pipe No. Nodes K Q HL abs(HL/Q) Delta
Loop I 2 1-2 2.89 2 11.56 5.78
4 4-2 12.13 -0.5 -3.03 6.07
3 1-4 2.53 -2 -10.12 5.06
Sum: -1.59 16.91 0.0471
Loop II 5 2-3 2.17 -1.5 -4.88 3.26
6 3-4 2.89 1.5 6.50 4.34
4 1-4 12.13 0.5 3.03 6.07
Sum: 4.65 13.66 -0.1704
Loop III 1 A-1 0.38 -6 -13.68 2.28
7 B-3 0.94 4 15.04 3.76
2 1-2 2.89 -2 -11.56 5.78
5 2-3 2.17 1.5 4.88 3.26
No Flow Pipe A-B 0
Sum: -5.32 15.08 -0.1553
Iteration 1 Iteration 2
Assumed
Pipe No. Nodes K Q Delta Q
Loop I 2 1-2 2.89 2 2.20
4 4-2 12.13 -0.5 -0.28
3 1-4 2.53 -2 -1.95
Sum: 0.0471
Loop II 5 2-3 2.17 -1.5 -1.52
6 3-4 2.89 1.5 1.33
4 1-4 12.13 0.5 0.28
Sum: -0.1704
Loop III 1 A-1 0.38 -6 -6.16
7 B-3 0.94 4 3.84
2 1-2 2.89 -2 -2.20
5 2-3 2.17 1.5 1.52
No Flow Pipe A-B 0 0
Sum: -0.1553
Iteration 1 Iteration 2
Assumed
Pipe No. Q Delta Q HL abs(HL/Q) Delta
Loop I 2 2 2.20 14.02 6.36
4 -0.5 -0.28 -0.97 3.43
3 -2 -1.95 -9.65 4.94
0.0471 Sum: 3.40 14.73 -0.1154
Loop II 5 -1.5 -1.52 -4.98 3.29
6 1.5 1.33 5.11 3.84
4 0.5 0.28 0.97 3.43
-0.1704 Sum: 1.10 10.56 -0.0519
Loop III 1 -6 -6.16 -14.40 2.34
7 4 3.84 13.89 3.61
2 -2 -2.20 -14.02 6.36
5 1.5 1.52 4.98 3.29
No Flow Pipe 0 0
-0.1553 Sum: -9.54 15.61 -0.0147
Iteration 16
Pipe No. Nodes K Q HL abs(HL/Q) Delta
Loop I 2 1-2 2.89 2.13 13.10 6.15
4 4-2 12.13 -0.32 -1.28 3.94
3 1-4 2.53 -2.16 -11.81 5.47
Sum: 0.00 15.56 -0.0001
Loop II 5 2-3 2.17 -1.55 -5.19 3.36
6 3-4 2.89 1.16 3.91 3.36
4 1-4 12.13 0.32 1.28 3.94
Sum: 0.00 10.66 -0.0001
Loop III 1 A-1 0.38 -6.29 -15.03 2.39
7 B-3 0.94 3.71 12.94 3.49
2 1-2 2.89 -2.13 -13.10 6.15
5 2-3 2.17 1.55 5.19 3.36
No Flow Pipe A-B 0
Sum: -10.00 15.39 -0.0001
Answer: Flow in each pipe and corresponding headloss.
Pipe No. Nodes K Q (cfs) HL (ft)
1 A-1 0.38 6.29 15.0
2 1-2 2.89 2.13 13.1
3 1-4 2.53 2.16 11.8
4 4-2 12.13 0.32 1.3
5 2-3 2.17 1.55 5.2
6 3-4 2.89 1.16 3.9
7 B-3 0.94 3.71 12.9
Pressure at each junction node.
Elevation HL HGL P/γ P
Node (ft) Pipe No. (ft) (ft) (ft) (psi)
A 420 420
1 -15
1 320 405 85 37
2 -13.1
2 330 391.9 61.9 27
5 5.2
3 310 397.1 87.1 38
6 -3.9
4 300 393.2 93.2 40
7 12.9
B 410 410
