Quick Insights Book

Quick Insights
on Professional Opportunities
for Chartered Accountants
Professional Development Committee

THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA
(Set up by an Act of Parliament)

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
New Delhi
www.icai.org
i
© The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any
form, or by any means, electronic mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission, in writing,
from the publisher.
Edition : February, 2019
Committee : Professional Development Committee
E-mail : [email protected]
Website : www.icai.org
Published by

Indraprastha Marg, New Delhi 110 002
ii Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants

Foreword
Foreword
Indian accountancy profession has grown multi-fold creating
landmarks. Domain of accountancy professionals has also
broadened, spreading the identity of ICAI within and beyond our
national premises. ICAI is relentlessly engaged with the policies
and initiatives of the Government with utmost diligence and
have made effective contribution to them, which mainly included
the implementation of Goods and Services Tax (GST), Indian
Accounting Standards (converged with IFRSs), and Insolvency
and Bankruptcy Code. Through its institutional endeavours
and the contribution of its membership, ICAI has been actively
carrying out its responsibilities in various sectors of economy.
I am pleased to note that Professional Development Committee

of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has
brought out the publication ‘Quick Insights on Professional
Opportunities for Chartered Accountants” with an aim to provide
information to members intending to go for different professional
forays. While there is information galore, a need was felt to have
quality and precise information which is of relevance and utility
and to that extent, this publication would serve as one point
reference for referring important information.
At this juncture, I wish to place my appreciation for CA. Ranjeet

Kumar Agarwal, Chairman; CA. Nihar Niranjan Jambusaria,
Vice-Chairman and other members of Professional Development
Committee for bringing out this publication for CAs in practice.
CA. Naveen N. D. Gupta

President, ICAI
February 1, 2019
New Delhi
Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants iii

iv Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants
Message from Vice President
Message
Today, in the changing investment climate, India offers exciting
business opportunities in virtually every sector of the economy
and the Institute is making all efforts to explore and exploit all
available and potential opportunities whereby newer avenues for
professional development and growth may be assured for the
Institute’s members.
A need existed for providing information in the form of ready

reckoner to potential aspirants for tapping such emerging
opportunities. Fulfilling this void, Professional Development
Committee of ICAI has come up with the Publication on “Quick
Insights on Professional Opportunities for Members”.
At the juncture, I would like to place on record my

congratulations to CA. Ranjeet Kumar Agarwal, Chairman,
CA. Nihar Niranjan Jambusaria, Vice Chairman and other
members of Professional Development Committee of ICAI for
their continuing pro-active initiatives to facilitate the members.
I am sure that membership at large will benefit immensely from

this publication.
CA. Prafulla P. Chhajed

Vice-President, ICAI
February 1, 2019
New Delhi
Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants v

vi Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants
Preface
Preface
Professional Development Committee (PDC) a non-standing committee set up by ICAI is exclusively
dedicated to the cause of exploring, developing and facilitating opportunities for the Indian Chartered
Accountants in various sectors of Business, Trade, Commerce, Services, Infrastructure & Governance
etc. Its aim is to ensure that such opportunities remain available equitably to all Chartered Accountants
depending on their professional abilities and attributes.
Recently it has been witnessed various trending areas where Professional Opportunities are emerging
which include RERA, Ind AS, Companies Act, 2013, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Cyber Security and
Data Analytics (ABCD of Technology), Robotics Process Automation,
GST, Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code 2016, Registered Valuers, Forensic Audit, International Taxation, World
Bank Projects and many more and on the other hand the total no of Practising Chartered Accountant
are only 1,25,000 out of the Strong Membership of ICAI of approx. 3,00,000 Members. Moreover Indian
Economy is bound to grow to the level of 5 Trillion Dollars in next 5-7 Years from presently 2.6 Trillion
Dollar.
It was also felt that there are many emerging avenues and empanelment opportunities available for
Chartered Accountants but many of them are not aware. With an aim to provide heightened focus on
number of such available avenues and important contact links, the Professional Development Committee
has brought “Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants” which will be very
helpful to all Practising Members to know the emerging areas of practice at one place for their ready
reference.
We are thankful to all the members of PDC Group constituted at Kolkata for their valuable contribution (CA.
Krishanu Bhattacharya, CA. P. D. Rungta, CA. Joy Debnath, CA. Neha Agarwal, CA. H. K. Verma,
CA. Pankaj Verma, CA. Kamal Bagrodia, CA. Partha Ray, CA. Rajkumar Kothari, CA. Sanjit Kumar
Burman, CA. Sanjeeb Kumar Agarwal & CA. Rishi Khator) for bringing out such a crisp Publication.
We also place on record our special thanks to CA. Rakesh Singhi and CA. Sarang Juthani for their
contribution in research and compilation of the Publication.
We also express our sincere thanks to CA. Naveen N. D. Gupta, President, ICAI and CA. Prafulla P.
Chhajed, Vice-President, ICAI under whose vision and guidance we have been privileged to contribute in
the activities of the Committee. Further we also thank all the members of PD Committee for their untiring
support.
We would also like to place on record the hard work done by PDC Secretariat led by
Ms. Seema Gerotra, Secretary, PDC and her team in bringing out this Publication.
We hope that this publication would be useful for our Members.
CA. Nihar Niranjan Jambusaria CA. Ranjeet Kumar Agarwal

Vice-Chairman, PDC Chairman, PDC
February 1, 2019
New Delhi
Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants vii

viii Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants
Contents
Contents
Foreword iii
Message from Vice President v
Preface vii
Introduction 1
1. History of Accountancy 5
2. Chartered Accountants in India–A glimpse 7
3. Insolvency Professional 8
4. Registered Valuer 11
5. Goods and Services Tax 14
6. Information Technology 17
7. Direct Taxation 26
8. International Taxation 34
9. The Companies Act, 2013 40
10. Arbitration 42
11. Prevention of Money Laundering Act 44
12. Insurance Companies 46
13. Local Bodies 48
14. Special Economic Zones (SEZ) 50
15. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) 54
16. Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) 57
Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants ix

17. Internal Audit 59
18. Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC Audit) 61
19. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) 62
20. World Bank and Royal Audit of Bhutan 66
21. Knowledge Processing Outsourcing Centers (KPOs) 68
22. Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) Sector 71
23. State Cooperatives (Including Co-operative Banks) 73
24. Other Laws 75
25. Opportunities available at ICAI 82
26. ICAI’s Support to Members 86
Annexure 1 : Policy of Empanelment of CA Firms/LLPs and
Selection of Auditors of PSUs by C&AG 89
Annexure 2 : RBI Norms
2.1: For Statutory Central Auditors in PSBs 91
2.2: For Statutory Branch Auditors in PSBs 95
Annexure 3 : Government Schemes 98
Annexure 4 : Various Tender links of Public Sector

Undertakings 101
Annexure 5 : List of Public Sector Banks 111
Annexure 6 : List of Private Sector Banks 112
Annexure 7 : Important links related to Trade measures 113
Annexure 8 : Important links related to Intellectual
Property Rights 115
Annexure 9 : Important Links related to International
Organizations 116
Annexure 10 : Global Accounting Bodies 117
Annexure 11 : Tendering Guidelines issued by ICAI 122
x Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants

Annexure 12 : Revised Minimum Recommended Scale of
Fee as prescribed by ICAI 123
Annexure 13 : MoU/MRA/Joint Declarations signed with
Foreign Bodies 129
Annexure 14 : Revised Guidelines of Network 130
Annexure 15 : ICAI Rules of Merger & Demerger of CA Firms 137
Annexure 16 : Guidelines for Corporate Form of Practice 148
Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants xi

xii Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants
Introduction
ABOUT ICAI
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) is a
statutory body established by an Act of Parliament, viz., The
Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 (Act No. XXXVIII of 1949)
for regulating the profession of Chartered Accountancy in the
country. ICAI is the one amongst accountancy bodies in the
world, with a strong tradition of service to the Indian economy
in public interest. Over a period of time, ICAI has achieved
recognition as a premier accounting body not only in the country
but also globally, for maintaining highest standards in technical,
ethical areas and for sustaining stringent examination and
education standards. Since 1949, the Chartered Accountancy
profession in India has grown leaps and bounds in terms of:
Introduction Members and student base
Regulating the Profession of Accountancy
Education and Examination of Chartered Accountancy

Students
Professional Development of Members
Continuing Professional Education of Members
Conducting Post Qualification and Certificate Courses
Formulation of Accounting Standards
Prescription of Standard Auditing Procedures
Laying down of Ethical Standards
Monitoring Quality through Peer Review
Ensuring Standards of performance of Members
Exercise Disciplinary Jurisdiction
Financial Reporting Review
Input on Policy matters to Government
Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants 1

Introduction
ABOUT PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT authenticity of the documents/reports/certificates issued by

COMMITTEE Chartered accountants. UDIN is a unique number, which will
be generated for every document/report/certificate scertified/
Professional Development Committee (PDC) a non-standing attested by Practicing Chartered Accountants and registered
committee was established in1962 with the mission to explore with the UDIN (https://udin.icai.org/).
and develop opportunities for the use of the professional talents
and skills of Chartered Accountants in different sectors of the All Certificates have been made mandatory as per the
world of business. The Institute is making all efforts to explore Council decision taken at its 379th Meeting held on 17th-18th
and exploit all available and potential opportunities whereby December, 2018 in following phases:
newer avenues for professional development and growth may
 All Certification done by Practising CAs w.e.f. 1st Feb.,
be assured for the Institute’s members and also ensure that
2019.
existing opportunities of professional developments are fully
utilised and maintained at equitable and growth-oriented levels.  All GST & Tax Audit Reports w.e.f. 1st April, 2019.
Professional development committee in its efforts to explore the  All other attest functions w.e.f. 1st July, 2019
unchartered areas for professional opportunities interact with
the Government, regulatory authorities etc. requesting them to Partnering with NITI Aayog For Launching “Women
avail the expertise of the Chartered Accountants and utilize their Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP)”
services in various areas.
A MoU has been recently signed between ICAI and NITI Aayog.
MAJOR INITIATIVES OF COMMITTEE ICAI has agreed to be one of the partners with NITI Aayog in its
IN THE YEAR 2018 recent initiative of launching Women Entrepreneurship Platform
(WEP) to realize the entrepreneurial aspirations of women from
Software for Selection of Statutory Bank Branch different parts of India.
Auditors To support the initiative, ICAI will provide a panel of Chartered
The Institute has over the years expressed its concerns on the Accountants to offer their services to ensure that such
issue of appointment of auditors of Public Sector Banks by the women entrepreneurs fulfil various statutory compliances,
Banks’ Board themselves. ICAI can arrange for venues at auditoriums of Regional
Councils and Branches, free of cost for conducting different
A number of meetings were held with the Ministry of Finance workshops by NITI Aayog. Faculty support/Resource persons
and Reserve Bank of India regarding the use of web based would be provided by ICAI to take sessions during the said
application so designed by ICAI for selection and allotment of workshops and can support in vetting the content of various
Statutory Auditors of Public Sector Banks (PSBs) by randomly publications related to finance and accounts published by NITI
mapping and associating with the vacancies available in the Aayog.
PSBs. Last year also it was utilized by 3 banks which was
highly appreciated. E-Learning Modules - Infosys Finacle
This year majority of Banks has taken the demo on software To set up a benchmark in Bank Audits the technical expertise of
and has expressed their consent for using the same. Finacle, Infosys have been utilized wherein they have provided
7 e-Learning Modules (in 12 videos of 120 minutes duration) on
With the usage of software so developed by ICAI, we are
Finacle customized for Bank Audit for Chartered Accountants.
sure that ICAI’s concern of autonomy lying with the Banks for
The above Self e-learning Modules are being made available
selection of Bank Branch Auditors will be addressed thereby
online to the members for a period of one year.
making the process of allotment uniform apart from being fair,
transparent and equitable.
Panels Submitted
Unique Document Identification Number (UDIN) The panels of Chartered Accountants/Firms were provided to
RBI, NABARD and various other authorities such as SEBI,
In many instances, documents are being certified/attested
Banks, State Co-operative Societies, State Government etc., as
by third person(s) misrepresenting as Chartered Accountant
per the criteria specified by them.
members which misleads various authorities/other stakeholders
who rely upon them thereby maligning the Chartered Accountant
profession.
PD Knowledge Portal
PDC has developed the Professional Development Portal. The
An innovative concept of Unique Document Identification
Knowledge Portal i.e., PD Portal (www.pdicai.org) has been
Number (UDIN) has been developed by PD Committee of
conceptualized with an aim to provide members with all the
ICAI to address the issue of fake certification. Through UDIN,
information that they need to enrich their own practice so as to
the Regulators/Banks/third parties will be able to verify the
provide value-added servicesto their clients.
2 Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants

Introduction
Concerns Related To Tendering For Audit Services for reviewing the internal control, inspection and audit
system in banks and to enquire into various aspects of
 A meeting was held with Shri K. V. Chowdary, Chief frauds and malpractices being very old required a review.
Vigilance Commissioner on 29th May, 2018 to discuss Accordingly, the reports for recommendation to RBI have
various concerns and suggestions of ICAI related to been finalized.
tendering process. During the meeting, it was expressed
that the present practice of evaluating tenders for
(b) Concurrent Audit Report
awarding the work for professional services (audit
service) is on the Least Cost Selection (LCS) System. It To submit the concrete proposal defining the scope,
was expressed that the lowest cost does not guarantee reporting formats etc. and to strengthen the Concurred
the requisite level of quality of the work assigned and Audit the report has been finalized for submission to
was suggested that the process of selection requires RBI.
modifications especially for hiring the professional
services keeping evaluation criteria on Quality Control ABOUT PUBLICATION
Based Selection.
Chartered Accountants may start professional practice as a
 High Court Order on Tender Guidelines: To monitor proprietor or join any existing firm as a partner or paid assistant.
the tendering system for attest functions, Council had A Chartered Accountant has been entrusted with substantial
issued a notification dated 7th April, 2016 which states responsibility under various legislations such as compulsory
that a member of the Institute in practice shall not audit of the accounts of all companies, banks, cooperative
respond to any tender issued by an organization or user societies, stock brokers, big income-tax assessees, large
of professional services in areas of services which are bank borrowers, etc. A Chartered Accountant also provides
exclusively reserved for chartered accountants where compilation and review services as and when required by
minimum fee of the assignment is not prescribed. enterprises. While practising as an independent professional,
Recently, Punjab and Chandigarh High Court in a a Chartered Accountant also acts as a business advisor
petition filed against the Punjab State Cooperative by providing all kinds of services including the preparation
Supply& Marketing Federation Limited (MARKFED of financial reports, helping the business to secure loans,
Punjab) directed the MARKFED “any tender process preparing financial projections showing how the loans will be
for availing services which are exclusively reserved for repaid, and determining the viability of business. As a tax
Chartered Accountants such as audit and attestation advisor, Chartered Accountant helps business and individuals
services would ensure compliance of the Notification to comply with tax laws and represent his clients before
dated 07.04.2016 issued by the Institute of Chartered government agencies.
Accountants of India and the tender notice to be issued
in the future would be construed as valid only if it falls IN GLOBAL SCENARIO
within the exception carved out in the Notification itself.”
Today, the Indian Chartered Accountancy qualification is
Concurrent Audit In State Bank of India (SBI) well recognised in many countries as Indian Chartered
Accountants are taking up attractive global careers. Indian
Concurrent Audit in State Bank of India (SBI) to be done by CAs are highly sought because of their skill sets and high
Chartered Accountants as was being done by the retired/bank quality of education. The opportunities are simply ever
employees in the past. increasing. Today, huge opportunities are available for
professionals with specialized knowledge and skills sought
Mutual Fund Audit by MEF Panel by Securities and by global organizations. These include areas of globally
Exchange Board of India (SEBI) accepted financial reporting, national and international taxation,
finance and corporate law. The knowledge of local laws and
This year, for the first time, Securities and Exchange Board
regulations, of course, places Chartered Accountants in a
of India (SEBI) sought panel of Chartered Accountant firms/
stronger position to supply services to global organizations
LLPs from ICAI for inspection of mutual funds brokers
entering the Indian Market.
wherein SEBI will be is paying the Audit Fees to the Auditors
itself. This Publication is an endeavour to jot down the emerging
opportunities available to Chartered Accountants which
Reports Finalized for Recommendation to Reserve they can avail as per their interest for their professional
Bank of India (RBI) growth.
(a) Ghosh and Jilani Committee
The recommendations of the Ghosh and Jilani Committee

Reports which are being broadly followed by the Banks,

Chap. 1 – History of Accountancy

History of Accountancy 1
HISTORY OF ACCOUNTANCY PROFESSION

Chartered Accountancy is the hallmark of the excellence,
precision, quality and commitment. Chartered Accountants
have evolved as a professional group with new concepts and
procedures to meet the varied demand made by society on
their skills. It is imperative for us to broaden our ambit and keep
ourselves well acquaint with various developments. But, before
we move ahead to explore the world of uncountable emerging
opportunities, let’s know our roots, i.e., how the Institute, our
alma mater came into existence and its journey and service of
past 69 years to the nation.
1999
The origin of accountancy can be traced to the pre-Vedic
History of period. The existence of accountancy dates back to 1857
when the first Company legislation came into existence in
Accountancy pre-independent India, thereafter the gestation period was

followed by the establishment of Indian Accountancy Board.
The Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 (Act No. XXXVIII of 1949)

provided for the incorporation of the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India (ICAI) for regulation of the profession of
Chartered Accountants. The affairs of ICAI are managed by
a Council in accordance with the provisions of the Chartered
Accountants Act, 1949 and the Chartered Accountants
Regulations, framed therein under. “This Act received the assent
of the Governor-General on 1st May, 1949 and was published
in Part IV of the Gazette of India Extraordinary dated 3rd May,
1949 and further amended by –
 The Chartered Accountants (Amendment) Act, 1959

(No. 15 of 1959) published in the Gazette of India dated
7th May, 1960;

(No. 9 of 2006) which received the assent of the
President on the 22nd March, 2006 and was published
in Part II Section I of the Gazette of India, Extraordinary
dated 23rd March, 2006;

(No. 3 of 2012) which received the assent of the
President on the 8th January, 2012, and was published
in Part II Section I of the Gazette of India Extraordinary
dated 9th January, 2012
Volume I
The History of the Accountancy Profession in India, –
Volume I authored by Shri Gopaldas P. Kapadia, the father
of the Chartered Accountancy profession was released at
the 24th Annual Meeting of the Council of the Institute on
14th September 1973. Hon’ble Shri H. R. Gokhale, the then

Chap. 1 – History of Accountancy
Minister of Law, was the Chief Guest at this function. The In this sequel Volume-III, we landscape the next phase of the
Volume I captured the real insight into the emergence of glorious history of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of
accountancy profession in India and it can be stated that India post-1999, incorporating the select milestones, significant
the era from 1949-1972 were the formative years for the decisions and remarkable events that have helped shape the
Institute. The country was also on a path of resurrecting the Chartered Accountancy profession in India.
economy with foundation of a socialist democratic republic post
Decisions and events reflecting the incisive astuteness of the
independence era. During this period, the membership of the
successive Councils have been instrumental in building a strong
Institute had increased from 1,685 to over 12,000. The student
foundation and preserving the autonomy of the accountancy
population had also grown from about 250 to over 4,000.
profession in India bestowed on it by Indian Parliament.
Ever since Parliament and the founding fathers of the nation
Volume II
bestowed their trust on Indian Chartered Accountants in a
History of Accountancy Profession in India – Volume II, being broader national interest, the accountancy profession has
the sequel to the first edition namely Volume I continued and constantly been evolving and so has been the Parliamentary
captured from what has been stated in the first volume, picking Act governing the profession. Keeping the national and social
up the thread from the pre-1972 developments. Volume II dealt interests in mind in tune with the times, the Act has further
with all major events that took place during the period 1973- undergone changes many a time, after careful deliberations and
1999. The period from 1973 to 1999, was the epoch of financial debates in Parliament.
reforms and economic diversification starting in nineties era
One of the epithets applied to the Institute of Chartered
and was considered as the time during which the activities of
Accountants of India is Partner-in-Nation-Building. This is an
the Institute expanded in line with changing expectations. The
exceptional depiction of the contribution of the profession of
changing world trade scenario and increasing globalization
accountancy to the world. Regarded as the backbone of Indian
imposed much more responsibility on the professionals and
financial system, ICAI continues to grow pan India and across
raised the bar of rectitude and professional excellence. The
the globe; number of members and students apart, the real
membership crossed the figure of 95,000 and the students
stature has been its role as the key player in sustaining the
serving articles/ audit clerks to about 70,000.
economic momentum and vibrancy.
Indian accountancy profession constantly evolved according to
The Institute has also played a momentous role in providing
the changing needs of the dynamic environment. The Institute
policy inputs to the Government in the areas of fiscal reforms,
has always ensured and continues to ensure that the education
financial sector reforms, public finance and economic
and training of students was corresponding with the national as
and commercial laws. The Institute continues to enjoy a
well as global requirements. During this period, the entire effort
laudable repute with various Government and regulatory
of the Institute was to ensure that its members professional
authorities and is time and again called upon to share its
work commands due recognition in the society. Today, a
expertise, experience and expectations on the matters arising
member of the institute is able to command respect in the
out of fiscal prudence, governance and alike. Also, noteworthy
society because his motto is “Pride of Service in preference to
is that on most of such occasions, the Institute’s viewpoints
Personal Gain”. He is expected to place public good above his
have not only been appreciated, but have also been largely
personal gains and act in public interest.
accepted.
POST-1999 As part of our drive to continue to benchmark ourselves

against the best available global practices, we have converged
Volume III to global standards while keeping the Indian interests in
picture. The Institute has also made extensive development in
The Institute forayed in post-1999 era with a metamorphic
its core purpose as guardian of transparency and integrity
history of achievements in the field of education, professional
in financial reporting and highest accounting and auditing
development, maintenance of high accounting and auditing.
standards.

Chartered Accountants In India–A Glimpse 2
Chartered Accountants in India

– A Glimpse
As on 1st January, 2019 the total Membership of ICAI is 2,73,083. The details are given in the
chart below
Total
Members
2,73,083
ACA FCA
1,79,558 93,525
COP No COP COP No COP
52,163 1,27,395 79,827 13,698
COP_Fulltime COP_Parttime COP_Fulltime COP_Parttime
47,538 4,625 77,265 2,562
The total registered firm with ICAI as on 1st January, 2019 is 75,489 Firms. The bifurcation is
given in the Chart below.
Number of Partners based Firm
Count of Firms
52913
1 Total Proprietorship Firm - 52913
2 - 5 PARTNERS - 20506
6 - 10 PARTNERS - 1744
11 - 15 PARTNERS - 235
16 - 20 PARTNERS - 48
21 - 30 PARTNERS - 27
31 - 50 PARTNERS - 7
20506
51 & ABOVE PARTNERS - 9
1744
Total - 75489
9
7 27 48 235
1 Total Proprietorship Firm 2 - 5 PARTNERS 6 - 10 PARTNERS 11 - 15 PARTNERS

16 - 20 PARTNERS 21 - 30 PARTNERS 31 - 50 PARTNERS 51 & ABOVE PARTNERS

3 Insolvency Professional
One of the most remarkable changes in the present body of

Indian jurisprudence has been the recent transition from a
fragmented legal system dealing with the commercial demise
of enterprises to a unified Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code in
2016 (IBC). This has opened a big window of new opportunity
of Chartered Accountants as an Insolvency Professional.
The implementation framework of this Code rests on four

Pillars, viz.,
 Insolvency Regulator
 Insolvency Professional
 Adjudicating Authority, and
 Information Utility
Chartered Accountants contribute to the bulk of the Insolvency

Insolvency
Professionals (IPs) with their experience derived out of
wide-ranging engagements from Finance to Advisory and
Professional
Management to Audit available to them.
These professionals are duly enrolled by Insolvency

Professional Agencies (IPAs) and registered for licencing
with the regulatory body, i.e., the Insolvency and Bankruptcy
Board of India (IBBI). The code clearly specifies functions
and obligations of the Insolvency Professionals. Where any
insolvency resolution, liquidation or bankruptcy process has
been initiated, only an Insolvency Professionals shall be
authorised to take such actions as may be necessary in the
manner provided in the Code.
The functions and responsibilities of the IPs include:
 Managing multiple locations of registered/corporate &

branch offices and operating units,
 Making over of the management of the company, control

and custody of the assets of the corporate debtor,
 Receiving and processing claims
 Tackle legal issues, including proceedings in National

Company Law Tribunal (NCLT),
 Prepare periodic reports for NCLT & Committee of

Creditors (CoC),
 Identify prospective resolution applicants,

Chap. 3 – Insolvency Professional
 Provide data rooms, get due diligence organised,  Assisting IP in preparing for pre-CIRP preparation.
evaluate Resolution Proposals,
 Reviewing the various risks involved in restructuring.
 Meet with the Creditors in CoC apart from attempting to
evolve a consensus on resolution proposals, etc.  Developing risk mitigation strategies.
The Government has provided a mechanism in the Code  Working out a detailed bankable financial structure of
for resolving Insolvency and Bankruptcy through Insolvency the business.
Professionals subject to the supervision and control of the
Adjudicating Authority and regulation by Insolvency Bankruptcy  Working out a detailed plan for restructuring the business
Board of India (IBBI) and Insolvency Professional Agency (IPA). from all angles.
Only a Registered IP can act as Resolution Professional or
Trustee and Liquidators under the Companies Act, as well as  Assessment of distressed assets, cash position, due
under the Code. For the purpose of the quality of the services diligence and turnaround feasibility.
required to carry on the business of debtors as an on-going
concern and to maximise the value of the corporate debtor, the  Advice on optimum utilisation of resources.
entry norms for the IPs are strict, requiring professional standing
for not less than 10 years for CA/CS/CWA & Advocates and  Corporate Applicant Insolvency.
15 years for candidates from the Management Stream, subject
to passing of an examination and completing a 50-hour Pre-  Assessing Cross Border Insolvency transactions.
Registration Course.
 Representation before the Debt Recovery Tribunals
The IP occupies a pivotal position and acts as an intermediary – particularly after notification of individual/firm
between the debtor/creditors on the one hand and the bankruptcies.
Adjudicating Authority on the other hand and functions under
 Representation before the NCLT or NCLAT, High Courts
the watchful eyes of the Agency and the Board. Newspapers
or Supreme Court.
have recently been replete with references to the Insolvency
Law and the role of IPs. It will be interesting to see how, going
 Negotiating settlements.
forward, its implementation impacts the strategic opportunity
matrix for existing and new entrepreneurs, while throwing up
 Advisory in relation to a merger or acquisition or
new areas of business and management opportunities.
takeover.
 Advisory services to management on an on-going basis.
CORPORATE INSOLVENCY AND  Bankruptcy of Personal Guarantors, Firms and

RESTRUCTURING Individuals.
 Handling the Liquidation Process.

OPPORTUNITIES IN CORPORATE INSOLVENCY
AND RESTRUCTURING As per IBBI Newsletter for the quarter October-
December, 2018, distribution of IPs as per their eligibility
Some of the areas where Chartered Accountants may find
(an IP may be a member of more than one Institute) as on
opportunities within the ambit of IBC are:
31st December, 2018.

Chap. 3 – Insolvency Professional
Distribution of IPs as per Eligibility

1400
1292
1200
103
1000
800
600 1189
452
400
66
272
200 386 11
137 137
261
10 13
127 124
0
Member of The Institute of Member of The Institute of Member of The Institute of Member of Bar Council Managerial Experience
Chartered Accountants of Company Secretaries of Cost Accountants of India
India India
Male Female Total
Important Links
• Members may refer http://www.iiipicai.in/index.php for registration as an insolvency professional
• ICAI Publication on Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 at
https://resource.cdn.icai.org/45164clcgc35208.pdf
• ICAI Publication on Judicial Pronouncements under Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 at
https://resource.cdn.icai.org/51444clcgc41180.pdf
• Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India https://ibbi.gov.in/
• INSOL India http://insolindia.com/
• The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW). https://www.icaew.com/

Registered Valuer 4
With the introduction and subsequent adoption of Ind AS

by many Indian Companies, the emphasis on valuation
has increased. Valuation field is gaining importance now
and is considered as one of the most critical areas in
finance. It plays a key role in many areas such as buy/
sell, solvency and merger and acquisition. It also plays an
important role in the Insolvency Resolution regime where
Liquidation Value has to be ascertained by Resolution
Professional through the Registered Valuers.
Further, the concept of registered valuers has been

i nsti tuti onal i sed by i ncl udi ng a sepa r at e chapt er on
Registered Valuers leading to the formalisation and
regulation of the Registered Valuers under the Companies
Act, 2013. The Rules notified by Ministry of Corporate
Registered
Affai rs (MC A ) have al so opened a new domain f or
professionals called Registered Valuers.
Valuer As per the Companies (Registered Valuers and Valuation)

Rules, 2017 issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs
in October, 2017, the following are eligible to become
Registered Valuers for the Financial or Securities Asset
Class:
Chartered Accountant having at least three years’

experience after possessing required qualification as
mentioned above.
Va l u a t i o n i s r e q u i r e d i n m a n y c o n t e x t s i n c l u d i n g
investment analysis, capital budgeting, merger and
acquisition transactions, financial reporting, taxable
e v e n t s t o d e t e r m i n e t h e p r o p e r t a x l i a b i l i t y, a n d i n
litigation.
There are various sections in the Companies Act 2013,

where the valuation is required to be conducted by a
Registered Valuer. Apart from above, there are many
other Statutes like the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code,
2016, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI),
The Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), Reserve
Bank of India (RBI) wherein valuation is required.
Recognising the need to have the consistent, uniform and

transparent valuation policies and harmonise the diverse
practices which are in use in India, the Council of the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) has
issued the ICAI Valuation Standards 2018 which are first
of its kind in India.

Chap. 4 – Registered Valuer
The Valuation Standards that have been issued by ICAI Some of the important roles of ICAI RVO are as follows-
will help the members in maintaining the consistency in
issuing the Valuation reports. These Standards will also  ensure compliance with the Companies Act, 2013
help in providing appropriate content and disclosures in and rules, regulations and guidelines issued
the valuation report. thereunder governing the conduct of registered
valuers organisation and registered valuers;
These standards come as ICAI’s consistent drive to guide
its members for ensuring high quality work and standards.  employ fair, reasonable, just, and non-discriminatory
practices for the enrolment and regulation of its
The last few decades have witnessed amazing strides in members;
the scope of our profession. We have seen a paradigm
 be accountable to the authority in relation to all
shift in the range of services rendered by Chartered
bye-laws and directions issued to its members;
Accountants. It has occurred due to widespread changes
in the macro-economic scenario, regulatory and legal
 develop the profession of registered valuers;
environment and prevalent industry practices. With the
growing role of Companies Act, 2013, Insolvency and
 promote continuous professional development of its
Bankruptcy Code, 2016, SEBI in controlling the financial members;
market, the subject of Valuation has gained considerable
importance.  continuously improve upon its internal regulations
and guidelines to ensure that high standards of
INSTITUTIONAL SET UP UNDER THE professional and ethical conduct are maintained by
COMPANIES (REGISTERED VALUERS AND its members; and
VALUATION) RULES, 2017
 provide information about its activities to the
 Authority, i.e., The Insolvency and Bankruptcy authority.
Board of India
IBBI has notified the syllabus and mandated a 50 hours
 Registered Valuers Organisation training by the Registered Valuers Organisation which is
a precondition to take examination to become Registered
 Registered Valuers valuer.
While the law provide opportunities to all professionals

ICAI REGISTERED VALUERS ORGANISATION f o r e n r o l l i n g a s R e g i s t e r e d Va l u e r s , Va l u a t i o n i s a
For this specific purpose, the Institute of Chartered highly specialised field which can be performed by the
Accountants of India has formed a Section 8 private professionals having a blend of finance, accounting and
company which has been recognized by the IBBI as a law hence Chartered accountants are best suited for
Registered Valuers Organisation (ICAI RVO) to enroll and valuation as at various levels of Chartered Accountancy,
regulate registered valuers or valuer member as its members the syllabus includes various topics and methodology
in accordance with the Companies (Registered Valuers of Valuation which creates a strong knowledge base for
and Valuation) Rules, 2017, and functions incidental thereto. Chartered Accountants.
ICAI RVO is registered for Securities or Financial Assets
Class.

Chap. 4 – Registered Valuer
250
Registered Valuers Organisation
234
11
200
27
150
100 86
196
0 72
41
33
0 0 5 36 19
50
0 86
17 12 24
21
1 17 0 9 4 53
5
20 0 0 3 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Land & Building Plant & Machinery Securities or Financial Assets Total
Courses offered
ICAI RVO conducts 50 hours Educational Course as specified by the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India to be eligible to
take examination to become Registered Valuer on enrolment with RVO and registration with IBBI after clearing the examination,
for details, please visit http://www.icairvo.in/courses/50-hrs-training/
Important Links
• Visit ICAI Registered Valuers Organisation(RVO) at http://www.icairvo.in/
• Visit the website of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India, at https://ibbi.gov.in/registered-valuers.html

5 Goods and Services Tax
GOODS AND SERVICES TAX (GST)

Goods and Services Tax, a comprehensive indirect tax levy
on supply of goods as well as services was implemented in
India from 1st July, 2017 (State of J&K implemented from
8th July, 2017) with the main objective to consolidate all
indirect tax levies into a single tax, except customs (excluding
SAD) replacing multiple tax levies, overcoming the limitations
of earlier indirect tax structure and creating efficiencies in tax
administration.
The following taxes are being subsumed due to GST:
Central Level State Level

Central Excise Duty Subsuming of State Value
Added Tax/Sales Tax
Additional Excise Duty Entertainment Tax and
Central Sales Tax
Goods and
Service Tax Octroi and Entry tax
Services Tax
Additional Customs Duty Purchase Tax
commonly known as
Countervailing Duty
Special Additional Duty of Luxury tax
Customs
Taxes on lottery, betting and
gambling
PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR

CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS
Implementation of GST has brought in many professional
opportunities for Chartered Accountants. Some of the
opportunities as provided in the Central GST Act, 2017 and
GST Rules are as under:
 Section 35(5) of the Central Goods & Services Tax

Act, 2017 provides that every registered person whose
turnover during a financial year exceeds the prescribed
limit (presently ` 2 crore) shall get his accounts audited
by a chartered accountant and shall submit a copy
of the audited annual accounts, the reconciliation
statement under sub-section (2) of section 44 and such
other documents in such form and manner as may be
prescribed.
 Section 66(1) of the Central Goods & Services Tax Act,

2017 provides that if at any stage of scrutiny, inquiry,
investigation or any other proceedings before him, any
officer not below the rank of Assistant Commissioner,
having regard to the nature and complexity of the case
and the interest of revenue, is of the opinion that the

Chap. 5 – Goods and Services Tax
value has not been correctly declared or the credit  Optimisation of taxes
availed is not within the normal limits, he may, with
 Engage in study of selling and distribution patterns /
the prior approval of the Commissioner, direct such
chains
registered person by a communication in writing to
get his records including books of account examined  Impact analysis
and audited by a Chartered Accountant as may be
nominated by the Commissioner.  Purchase/Sales patterns
 As per Rule 40 of CGST Rules – a declaration  Contract vetting

(in Form GST ITC-01) that assessee is eligible to avail
 Compliances
of input tax credit on capital goods, in terms of clauses
(c) and (d) of sub-section (1) of section 18, needs to
FOREIGN SERVICES (VAT IMPLEMENTATION IN
be duly certified by a practicing chartered accountant if
MIDDLE EAST COUNTRIES)
the aggregate value of claim on account of central tax,
State tax, Union territory tax and integrated tax exceeds The Excise Tax & Value Added Tax has been implemented in
two lakh rupees. the UAE for the first time from 1st Oct 2017 and 1st Jan 2018
respectively. This has provided a unique service possibility to
 As per Rule 41 of CGST Rules for transfer of credit
enable smooth implementation of the new laws in a Country
on sale, merger, amalgamation, lease or transfer of a
where there were no taxes.
business, Form GST ITC-02 needs to be accompanied
by a copy of a certificate issued by a Practicing Subsequently, in a phased manner, the Value Added Tax has
Chartered Accountant certifying that the sale, merger, been initiated in Bahrain from January 1st 2018 and other Gulf
demerger, amalgamation, lease or transfer of business Corporation Council countries including Oman and Kuwait and
has been done with a specific provision for transfer of has confirmed to implement in the coming two years.
liabilities.
OPPORTUNITIES
 As per sub-section (4) of section 18, a declaration (Form
GST ITC-03) for intimation of ITC reversal on inputs What lies ahead is not only the limited space of taxation, it’s
contained in semi-finished and finished goods and capital the professional learning & expertise which can be provided
goods in stock needs to be duly certified by a Practicing to areas (including taxation) and are discussed hereunder.
Chartered Accountant. Opportunities available in major sectors are discussed, which
can be aligned with personal and professional goals of the
 Rule 89 of CGST Rules requires a Certificate in
members of The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.
Annex 2 of Form GST RFD-01 to be issued by a
Chartered Accountant to the effect that the incidence  Financial & Commodity Sector - Financial & Commodity
of tax, interest or any other amount claimed as refund sector constitute for major contributor to the GDP, in
has not been passed on to any other person, in a case the UAE market. This is supported by Central Bank
where the amount of refund claimed exceeds Two Lakh approved Banks and Financial & Commodity Free
rupees Trade Zones. With Introduction of VAT and enhanced
compliance requirements, there is a sustainable growth
 Nominated as Goods and Services Tax Practitioner as
requirement for financial professionals in the field of
per Return Rules.
accounts, compliance, credit & operational aspects in
There is a wide scope of opportunity for Chartered Accountants this sector.
in the wake of GST, such as:
(a) “Central Bank of the UAE”, approved 23 National
 Input Tax Credit Review Audit: The GST audit under and 28 Foreign Commercial Banks running over
Section 35(5) of CGST Act 2017 has been notified in 1000 branches.
September 2018.
(b) Financial & Commodity Free Zone - There are
 GST Advisory three major financial & commodity free zone,
supporting financial and commodity trading activity:
 Dispute Avoidance and Resolution
(i) Dubai International Financial Centre
 Special Audit by Chartered Accountant on the Directions (DIFC), representing 622 regulated entities,
of the GST Officer 484 authorized firms and 120 DNFBPS
 Filing of Returns (Designated Non-Financial Business or
Profession).
 Helping the assessees with assessments & litigations
etc. (ii) Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM),
representing 37 regulated entities, 9 Collective

Chap. 5 – Goods and Services Tax
Investment Funds, and number of strategic  Large Corporates & Listed Entities – UAE Large
entities to support financial structuring. Corporates are going through the change on account
of tax regime, stringent procedures to comply for
(iii) Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC),
Commercial Companies Law, Securities and Commodities
is established to enhance commodity trade
Authority (SCA) compliance, and fund management.
flows through Dubai, with 15,000 + registered
Trained Financial professionals, with effective skills
companies. This commodity trade accounts
are in demand to take positions in accounts, finance,
for world’s leading physical gold markets and
administrative, compliance & leadership roles in the
diamond trading hubs, accounting for US$ 75
organisations listed with Dubai Financial Market (DFM),
billion annually combined & The Tea Centre
Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange (ADX) and Nasdaq
handles 53 million kilos of tea a year.
Dubai.
Courses offered
Certificate Course on GST visit http://idtc.icai.org/about-certificate-course.html
E-learning on GST Law including annual return & GST Audit, please visit http://idtc.icai.org/e-learning.html
Important Links
• For details of e-Learning on UAE VAT, please visit, http://idtc.icai.org/elearning-uaevat-subscribe.html
• For Background Material on UAE VAT, please visit
http://idtc-icai.s3.amazonaws.com/download/pdf18/BGM_on_UAE_VAT_01-07-18.pdf
• For updated information on initiatives taken by ICAI on Dubai VAT, members may visit Dubai Chapter at https://icaidubai.org/
• For publications related to GST, members may visit http://idtc.icai.org/publications

Information Technology 6
Over the recent years, the hi-tech boom and emergence of

ABCD of technology – Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Cyber
Security and Data Analytics – is ushering a new era in the
history of accountancy across the globe. The present digital and
knowledge era, that also includes robotic process automation,
cloud computing and Internet of Things among others, is landing
new skill-sets and new domains for Chartered Accountants
who are ready to learn and upgrade in tune with the times,
in addition to their core areas of expertise. It is the predictive
analytics that is becoming vital for Chartered Accountants. With
high-growth curve of new technologies, the future will see more
and more organisational complexities that will demand matching
response from Chartered Accountants as the lifeline of business
and Industry.
Information ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE
Technology
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a disruptive technology which
would transform the auditing methodology and processes.
Organisations are generating and collecting large amounts of
data on a continuous basis, from points of sale, to shipment
tracking information, as well as inventory counts in real
time. In addition, information from exogenous sources, in
the form of social media and news feed to name a few, is
readily accessible and available for analysis. It is, in fact, the
application of AI to this type of Big Data that is expected to
take the auditing profession a step forward. With such large
databases, traditional audit procedures become less effective
and efficient, which necessitates a rethinking of the way audits
are conducted. Further, adoption of AI enabled tools could be
attributed to the ability to remove repetitive and time-consuming
tasks, thereby investing more time for important processes like
planning, strategy, forecasting and creative problem solving.
Chartered Accountancy Profession should examine how their
role would change with process automation, and harvest its
potential to make auditing more effective, smarter, and easier.
BLOCKCHAIN
Blockchain is not a single technology, but rather a protocol

for recording transactions, with features of distributed ledger,
immutability and provenance, with immense potential to
increase efficiency of the process of accounting for transactions
and assets. Implementation of blockchain technology across
various industries/sectors would empower accountancy

Chap. 6 – Information Technology
profession to expand its scope to record more types of activity and independent third party may be needed to provide
than before, and to drill down closer to the economicreality assurance as to the effectiveness of controls over a
under pinning the transactions recorded. Chartered Accountants, private Blockchain.
with unique blend of technical and business knowledge, should
(c) Central Access Granting Administrator: Permissioned
seize the opportunity to take a lead on how blockchain is
Blockchain solutions may benefit from a trusted,
embedded and used in the future, and to help organisations
independent and unbiased third party to perform the
develop blockchain-led solutions and services. Further, they
functions of a central access-granting administrator.
can also advise organisations which are considering the option
This function could be responsible for verification of
to join blockchain with an overall view of cost and benefits
identity or a further vetting process to be completed
involved. Chartered accountants should upskill and prepare for
by a participant before they are granted access to a
an important professional opportunity of audit of smart contract.
Blockchain. This central administrator could validate the
enforcement and monitoring of Blockchain’s protocols.
FUTURE ROLES OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS
If this function is performed by a user/node of the
IN BLOCKCHAIN ECOSYSTEM
Blockchain, then an undue advantage could exist and
Following is list of potential new roles for Chartered Accountants trust among consortium members could be weakened.
in Blockchain landscape, which is illustrative only and not all- Since this role would be designed to create trust for the
inclusive: Blockchain as a whole, due care will be needed when
establishing both its function and its legal responsibilities.
(a) Audit of Smart Contacts: Contracting parties may want As a trusted professional, professional accountant is
to engage an assurance provider to verify that smart capable of carrying out this responsibility.
contracts are implemented with the correct business
logic. Professional Accountants could verify the interface (d) Arbitration Function Business arrangements can be
between smart contracts and external data sources complex and result in disputes between even the most
that trigger business events. Without an independent well-intentioned parties. For a permissioned Blockchain,
evaluation, users of Blockchain technologies face the an arbitration function might be needed in the future
risk of unidentified errors or vulnerabilities. To take on to settle disputes among the consortium Blockchain
this new role, professional accountants may need a new participants. This function is analogous to the executor
skill set, including understanding technical programming of an estate, a role typically filled by various qualified
language and Blockchain functionality. In the context professionals, including professional accountants.
of a financial statement audit, management will be Participants on the Blockchain may require this type
responsible for establishing controls to verify whether of function to enforce contract terms where the spirit
the smart-contract source code is consistent with of the smart contract departs from a legal document,
the intended business logic. Professional Accountant contractual agreement or letter.
auditing an entity with smart contracts/Blockchain is
likely to consider management’s controls over the smart
contract code. Many companies may choose to reuse
smart contracts built by other entities already active on CLOUD
a Blockchain. Future auditing standards and auditing COMPUTING
guidance may need to contemplate this technology
and thereby bring clarity to the role of the professional
accountants in those scenarios. Cloud Computing has become a critical part of IT landscape
for increasing capabilities and reducing cost, leading to
(b) Service Auditor of Consortium Blockchain: Prior to
organisations moving more business processes to the cloud by
launching a new application on an existing Blockchain
various organisations. The advantage of the cloud is evidenced
platform or leveraging/subscribing to an existing
by the ever increasing flow of data entering the cloud each
Blockchain product, users of the system may desire
day. However, as in the case of Internet of Things (IoT), a
independent assurance as to the stability and robustness
growing reliance on cloud computing and data is stimulating
of its architecture. Instead of each participant performing
fears over security, privacy, movement and ownership of user
their own due diligence, it may be more efficient to
assign this task to a Professional Accountant to achieve data. Cloud accounting software have been a growing trend
these objectives. Critical Blockchain elements (e.g., in business and practice for many years, helping firms and
cryptographic key management) should be designed to their clients to access and share information. This positions
include sophisticated General Information Technology accountants to make the most of the cloudbased resources
Controls (GITCs) that provide ongoing protection for such as servers, storage, processing and other services, which
sensitive information, as well as processing controls are becoming increasingly common place. Increased usage of
over security, availability, processing integrity, privacy cloud accounting will facilitate use of real-time data and more
and confidentiality. On an ongoing basis, a trusted in depth analytics.

of testing was given, pre and post migration review and

DATA approvals;
ANALYTICS  Analysing robotic controller to see how instructions are
scheduled in RPA tool, and monitoring of the same;
“Data Analytics” is the process of examining raw data with the
 Reviewing of system blueprint and exception handling
purpose of drawing conclusions supporting decision making.
process;
Data analytics, when used to obtain audit evidence in a
financial statement audit, is the science and art of discovering  Reviewing process of exception handling log;
and analysing patterns, deviations and inconsistencies, and
 Analyse periodic update and monitoring mechanism
extracting other useful information in the data underlying or
implemented by client for monitoring of BOTS.
related to the subject matter of an audit through analysis,
modeling and visualisation for the purpose of planning or  Audit access control implemented in RPA, that is
performing audit. Thus, in high-volume data environment, who can approve access to RPA administrator, who
effective use of data analytics tools offers opportunities for has access to administer BOT, who have access to
auditors to obtain a more effective and robust understanding manage exception, Re-run or make changes in RPA
of entity and its environment, and also enhancing quality of tool, etc.
the auditor’s risk assessment and response. The advances in
technologies and software solutions enable auditors to engage  Review of RPA transaction logs.
with audit data analytics in a variety of ways, resulting in audits  Perform testing of edit, validation check, error check,
that are more6 – Focused as the auditor’s attention is directed etc., configured in RPA and reperform few calculation
towards areas of greater audit risks; Insightful because they and transaction reviews to ensure that results are
provide improved client service; and Effective as audit teams consistent.
can direct more time on complex areas where increased audit
risk is present. Data analytics can be employed effectively RPA can provide an opportunity to professional accountants to
in areas of fraud detection and forensic accounting, tax and automate their process and deliver client services in an efficient,
compliance consulting, improvements in billing and cost error-free and faster way. PAO can deploy RPA:
management or business operations, risk identification and
 For tax filing,
providing risk management insights/advice, identifying revenue
leakage, real time monitoring of controls, using predictive  For GST compliance and reconciliation,
models to improve forecasting, Integrated or sustainability
reporting, etc.  For reminder mailers,
 MIS reporting,
ROBOTIC PROCESS AUTOMATION
 For managed services for a client
Robotic Process Automation (RPA) combines artificial
intelligence, including machine learning and machine vision, Under Information Technology, various Audits and Reviews are
with automation. Robotic Process Automation is not a physical to be undertaken by the Chartered Accountants:
robot sitting at a desk performing tasks. Since RPA has great
 Financial Audits or Reviews
potential to transform the audit profession and change the role
of the auditor by replacing perfunctory tasks and emphasizing  Operational Audits
higher order thinking skills, it is paramount to have a plan of
 Department Reviews
action that will ensure a smooth transition.
 Information Systems Audits
In essence, the role of the auditor would be repurposed and
changed from being a data collector, processor, analyser, and  Integrated Audits
disseminator to primarily emphasizing the evaluation component
of audit procedures. Auditing of Robotic Process Automation  Investigative Audits or Reviews
requires auditor to–
 Information Security
 Understand the governance process of RPA;
 Business continuity management
 Reviewing of process of identification of need, areas to
 Mobile
be automated, KPI for automation and process of RPA
tool implementation;  Cloud
 Review of system change management control, i.e.,  IT risk management

how changes were identified, approved, tested, sign off

 Program risk Information Systems (Is) Audit

 Software/IT asset management There are three basic kinds of IS Audits that may be performed:
 Social media risk management

General Controls Review
 Segregation of duties/identity and access management
This is a review of the controls which govern the development,
 Data loss prevention and privacy operation, maintenance, and security of application systems
in a particular environment. This type of audit might involve
FINANCIAL AUDIT reviewing a data center, an operating system, a security
software tool, or processes and procedures (such as the
A historically oriented, independent evaluation performed for procedure for controlling production program changes), etc.
the purpose of attesting to the fairness, accuracy, and reliability
of financial data. In many audits the books of accounts may in Application Controls Review
Financial Accounting (FA) packages or in custom developed
software or in commercial ERP solutions. The auditor has to This is a review of controls for a specific application system.
interrogate this software to extract the data and information This would involve an examination of the controls over
required to complete the audit and to document findings and the input, processing, and output of system data. Data
observations. This extraction requires the knowledge of writing communications issues, program and data security, system
queries in SQL, using CAAT tools and techniques and the ability change control, and data quality issues are also considered.
to import/export data in different formats and to/from different
software. System Development Review
The auditor would also have to perform analytical procedures as Involves a review of the development of a new application
per SA 520. Apart from using ratio analysis the auditor can also system. This involves an evaluation of the development process
use common statistical methods supported by spreadsheets and as well as the product. Consideration is also given to the
statistical software. general controls over a new application, particularly if a new
operating environment or technical platform will be used.
Presentations to the Audit Committee and the BOD can be done
using presentation software and animation software.
Integrated Audit
Operational Audit This is a combination of an operational audit, department
review, and IS audit application controls review. This type
An operational audit is a systematic and independent evaluation of review allows for a very comprehensive examination of a
of organizational activities. Financial data may be used, but functional operation within the organisation. The manual and
the primary sources of evidence are the operational policies the IS/IT audit techniques are integrated into the audit
and achievements related to organizational objectives. Internal methodology.
controls and efficiencies may be evaluated during this type of
review. Investigative Audit
Trends and compliances to policies can be established by using This is an audit that takes place as a result of a report of
data visualization and business graphic software. Real-time unusual or suspicious activity on the part of an individual or
monitoring is also possible by embedding an audit module to a department. It is usually focused on specific aspects of the
process the data on the fly. These audits are predominant in the work of a department or individual. Forensic techniques have
public enterprises and where PE funds and Angel investors are to be deployed and the IT/IS systems secured to preventive
monitoring the business on a day-to-day basis. tampering with data and evidence.
Department Review AUDIT OF THE INFORMATION SECURITY
A current period analysis of administrative functions, to evaluate Information security program assessment evaluates the
the adequacy of controls, safeguarding of assets, efficient use organization’s information security program, including strategy,
of resources, compliance with related laws, regulations and awareness and training, vulnerability assessments, predictive
policies and integrity of financial information. threat models, monitoring, detection and response, technologies
and reporting.
These audits require the knowledge of GRC (Governance,
Risk and Compliance) software and the ability to identify and Audit Considerations
interpret alerts and suggest remediation measures. Statistical
tools can also be used to assess the seriousness of the non-  How comprehensive is the existing information
compliance. security program?

 Is information security embedded within the Audit Considerations

organization, or is it an “IT only” responsibility?
 What vulnerabilities can be successfully exploited?
How well does the organization self-assess threats
and mitigate the threats?  How does the organisation respond when exploited,
and how does the organisation know an intrusion
BUSINESS CONTINUITY MANAGEMENT has occurred?
The Audit Mobile Application Gray Box Assessment

Business continuity program integration and governance audit Combines traditional source code reviews (white box testing)
evaluates the organization’s overall business continuity plan, with front-end (black box) testing techniques to identify
including program governance, policies, risk assessments, critical areas of functionality and for symptoms of common
business impact analysis, vendor/third-party assessment,
poor coding practices. Each of these “hot spots” in the code
strategy/plan, testing, maintenance, change management and
should be linked to the live instance of the application where
training/awareness.
manual exploit techniques can verify the existence of security
vulnerability.
Audit Considerations
 Does a holistic business continuity plan exist for Audit Considerations
the organization?
 How sound is the code associated with the mobile
 How does the plan compare to leading practice? applications used within the organization?
 Is the plan tested?  What vulnerabilities can be exploited within the

code?
MOBILE
CLOUD
Mobile Device Configuration Review Cloud Strategy and Governance Audit—
To identify risks in the settings and configuration of mobile
Evaluates the organization’s strategy for utilizing cloud
device and vulnerabilities in the current implementation.
technologies.
This audit would include an evaluation of trusted clients,
supporting network architecture, policy implementation, Determines whether the appropriate policies and controls
management of lost or stolen devices, and vulnerability have been developed to support the deployment of the
identification through network accessibility and policy strategy.
configuration.
Evaluates alignment of the strategy to overall company
objectives and the level of preparedness to adopt within the
organization.
 How has the organization implemented “bring your
own device” (BYOD)? Audit Considerations
 Are the right policies/mobile strategies in place?  Is there a strategy around the use of cloud
providers?
 Are mobile devices managed in a consistent
manner?  Are there supporting policies to follow when using
a cloud provider? Are policies integrated with legal,
 Are configuration settings secure and enforced
procurement and IT policies?
through policy?
 How are lost and stolen devices managed? Cloud Security And Privacy Review
 What vulnerabilities exist, and how are they Assesses the information security practices and procedures
managed? of the cloud provider. This may be a review of their SSAE
16/402/3502 report(s), a review of their security SLAs and/or
Mobile Application Black Box Assessment an onsite vendor audit.
Performs audit using different front-end testing strategies, that Determines whether IT management worked to
is, scan for vulnerabilities using various tools, and manually negotiate security requirements into their contract with the
verify scan results. Attempts to exploit the vulnerabilities provider.
identified in mobile web apps.

Review procedures for periodic security assessments of  Does the IT risk program cover all of IT including
the cloud provider(s), and determine what internal security shadow IT?
measures have been taken to protect company information
 Is responsibility for risk coverage clearly
and data.
defined?
Audit Considerations  How are IT risks identified, remediated or
accepted?
 Has a business impact assessment been conducted
for the services moving to the cloud?
IT Governance Audit
 Does your organization have secure authentication
Evaluates the processes IT has in place to govern capital
protocols for users working in the cloud?
allocation decisions, project approvals and other critical
 Have the right safeguards been contractually decisions.
established with the provider?
Cloud Provider Service Review
 Do formalized processes for governing IT exist?
Assesses the ability of the cloud provider to meet or exceed
 What can be done to increase business confidence
the agreed-upon Service Level Agreement Audit (SLA) in the
in IT governance?
contract. Areas of consideration should include technology,
legal, governance, compliance, security and privacy. In addition,  Are your IT governance processes and requirements
internal audit should assess what contingency plans exist in applicable across all of IT?
case of failure, liability agreements, extended support, and
the inclusion of other terms and conditions as part of the  Are there formal charters, mandates and
service contracts, as well as availability, incident, and capacity responsibilities documented and followed by key
management and scalability. steering committees?
Audit Considerations IT Risk Assessment
 What SLA are in place for uptime, issue Participates in IT’s own risk assessment (as opposed to
management and overall service? the independent IT internal audit risk assessment) as an
advisory audit. Evaluates the risks identified and provide
 Has the cloud provider been meeting or exceeding insight given the auditor’s unique perspective on the IT
the SLA? organization.
 What issues have there been?
 Does the organization have an inventory of
uses of external cloud service providers, sponsored  Is there a comprehensive risk assessment
both within IT and directly by the business performed to identify all IT risks?
units?  Is the IT risk assessment process effective?
IT RISK MANAGEMENT  How can the process be enhanced?
 Is there an opportunity to coordinate the IT

IT Risk Management Strategy Assessment internal audit risk assessment with IT’s own risk
Assesses the framework and process IT has embedded within assessment?
the function to assess and manage risks. Evaluates the actions
taken to mitigate risks and the level of accountability within the Technology Enablement/GRC Package Selection
process.
Evaluates the organization’s current use of GRC software or
GRC software selection process. Provides value-added insight
Audit Considerations on critical business requirements.
 How well does IT identify risks?
 What is done once a risk is identified?
 How can GRC software be effectively used within
 Are IT risk management processes followed? the organization?

 How mature is the organization’s use of existing  How is the portfolio managed as corporate objectives
GRC software? Do we use all functionality available change?
to us?
SOFTWARE/IT ASSET MANAGEMENT
 What are the key business requirements for GRC
software?
IT And Software Asset Management Process And
 How many GRC technology solutions are in use Control Audit
across the organization? Is there an opportunity
Assesses the design and effectiveness of processes and
for solution convergence?
controls IT has deployed related to software and IT asset
 What is the level of risk reporting provided to management.
stakeholders to support IT risk decisions?
Reviews the impact of these processes on related IT processes
such as IT service management, IT contract management and
IT INVESTMENTS PROGRAM RISK
information security.
Project Management Methodology Audit

Assesses the design of processes and controls in place to
 Do we have a comprehensive approach to IT asset
manage projects against leading practices.
and software management?
Audit Considerations  How well do we manage software license

costs?
 Are the right processes and controls in place to
provide that projects are delivered on time, on  Is there an IT and software asset management
budget and with the right resources? technology solution in place to support these
processes? If not, should there be?
 Are controls in place to measure achieved
benefits against intended benefits after project
SOFTWARE LICENSE REVIEW
completion?
Performs a review of significant software license agreements
Project And Program Execution Audit (e.g., ERPs) and evaluate the effectiveness of IT’s software
asset management process in practice. Assesses opportunities
Evaluates common areas of high risk on programs (e.g.,
for cost reduction by improving the management of software
third-party contracting, business change, test strategy, data
licenses.
migration). Outputs provide confidence to management that
high- risk areas have been independently checked and verified
to leading practice.
 Are there opportunities to renegotiate software
Audit Considerations licensing agreements based on the way the
organisation actually utilizes software versus the
 Is project/program management methodology being
way original contracts were negotiated?
followed correctly?
 Is the organisation violating any existing contractual
 What is done when projects are under-
agreements?
performing?
 How is project risk assessed and managed? IT CONTRACT MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT

Evaluates the IT organization’s ability to manage contracts and
Portfolio Risk Review how effectively IT and supply chain coordinate to manage costs
Reviews strategy, projects and programs to assess alignment. and negotiate effective agreements.
This review focuses on assessing the prioritization of the project
portfolio in support of increasing value and reducing the risk that Audit Considerations
the transformation portfolio exposes.
 Are IT asset and software contracts planned,
executed, managed and monitored effectively?
 Are there “shadow IT” contractual agreements
 Do the right governance processes exist to provide
executed in other parts of the organization?
that projects/programs align to company strategy?

SOCIAL MEDIA RISK MANAGEMENT Audit Considerations

 How does IT work with the business to identify
Social Media Risk Assessment
cross application segregation of duties issues?
Collaborates with the IT organization to assess the social
 Do business personnel understand ERP roles well
media activities that would create the highest level of risk to
enough to perform user access reviews?
the organization. Evaluates the threats to the organization’s
information security through the use of social media. This audit  While compensating controls identified for SoD
may be combined with a social media governance audit to then conflicts may detect financial misstatement, would
confirm policies have been designed to address the highest they truly detect fraud?
risks to the organization.
ROLE DESIGN AUDIT
Evaluates the design of roles within ERPs and other
 Does the organization understand what risks exist applications to determine whether inherent SoD issues are
related to social media? embedded within the roles. Provides role design, role cleanup
or role redesign advisory assistance and pre- and post-
 How well are the identified risks managed?
implementation audits to solve identified SoD issues.
Social Media Governance Audit

Evaluates the design of policies and procedures in place to
 Does the organization design roles in a way that
manage social media within the organization. Reviews policies
creates inherent SoD issues?
and procedures against leading practices.
 Do business users understand the access being
Audit Considerations assigned to roles they are assigned ownership of?
 Does a governance process exist for social media

Segregation Of Duties Remediation Audit
within the organization?
Follows up on previously identified external and internal audit
 How well are policies related to social media
findings around SoD
known amongst employees?
SOCIAL MEDIA ACTIVITIES AUDIT
 Does the organisation take appropriate action when
Audits the social media activities of the organization and
SoD conflicts are identified?
its employees against the policies and procedures in place.
Identifies new risks and assist in developing policies and  Has the organisation proactively addressed SoD
controls to address the risks. issues to prevent year-end audit issues?
Audit Considerations IAM/GRC TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

 Are social media activities aligned to policy? Evaluates how IAM or GRC software is currently used, or could
be used, to improve SoD controls and processes.
 What corrective actions need to be put in place
given activity?
 How does existing activity affect brand and
 Is IAM or GRC software currently used effectively to
reputation?
manage SoD risk?
SEGREGATION OF DUTIES/IDENTITY AND  What software could be utilized to improve the level of
ACCESS MANAGEMENT SoD control, and what are the business requirements?
Systematic Segregation Of Duties Review Audit DATA LOSS PREVENTION AND PRIVACY
Evaluates the process and controls IT has in place to effectively
Data Governance And Classification Audit
manage segregation of duties. Performs an assessment to
determine where segregation of duties conflicts exist and Evaluates the processes management has put in place to
compare to known conflicts communicated by IT. Evaluates the classify data, and develop plans to protect the data based on
controls in place to manage risk where conflicts exist. the classification.

Audit Considerations  Where do our vulnerabilities exist, and what must

be done to manage these gaps?
 What sensitive data does the organisation hold —
what is the most important data?
Privacy Regulation Audit
 Where does the organisation’s sensitive data Evaluates the privacy regulations that affect the organization,
reside, both internally and with third parties? and assess management’s response to these regulations
 Where is the data going? through pol i cy devel opment, aw areness and contr ol
procedures.
DLP CONTROL REVIEW
Audits the controls in place to manage privacy and data in
motion, in use and at rest. Considers the following scope  How well does the organisation understand the
areas: perimeter security, network monitoring, use of instant privacy regulations that affect global business?
messaging, privileged user monitoring, data sanitation, export/ For example, HIPAA is potentially a risk to all
save control, endpoint security, physical media control, disposal organizations involved in the health care industry of
and destruction, and mobile device protection. the USA, not just health care providers or payers.
 Does the organisation update and communicate

policies in a timely manner?
 What controls do we have in place to protect data?
 Do users follow control procedures to address
 How well do these controls operate? regulations?
Courses offered
• Post Qualification Course on Information Systems Audit (DISA)
• Certificate Course on Forensic Accounting and Fraud Detection (FAFD)
For details, visit https://elearn.icai.org/courses.html
Important Links
• Digital Accounting and Assurance Board of ICAI is offering the following courses for members
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• https://elearn.icai.org/
• Association of Certified Fraud Examiners https://www.acfe.com/
• Information Systems Audit and Control Association https://www.isaca.org/pages/default.aspx

7 Direct Taxation
Chartered Accountants are also competent enough to provide

Income Tax related consultancy services to their clients. With
the increasing complexity around Income Tax
Laws, following services can be rendered:
 Tax Planning and Tax Management
 Valuation of Assets and Assessment Procedures
 Consultancy in House and Property Tax
 Book-Keeping and procedural aspects in Agricultural Tax
 Taxation of Non-Resident Indians
 Transfer Pricing
 Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements
 The Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988 Direct

Qualified Chartered Accountants are also eligible to represent
assesssees at the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal. Under Taxation
Section 252 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, Central Government
is empowered to constitute an Appellate Tribunal consisting of
sufficient number of judicial and accountant members.
Under Section 252(2A) of Income-tax Act, 1961, Chartered

Accountants have been recognised to be the accountant
members of the said tribunal.
Practising Chartered Accountants can issue following

Certificates/ Reports as per Income-tax Act, 1961
Sr. Particulars of Report/Statement/ Applicable Applicable Form No. Weblink

No. Certificates Section of Rule of (Attachments)
the Income- Income-tax
tax Act, 1961 Rules, 1962
1. Assessees carrying on the 33AB(2) 5AC 3AC https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007759.pdf

business of growing and
manufacturing tea/coffee/rubber
claiming deduction under
section 33AB
2. Assessees carrying on 33ABA(2) 5AD 3AD https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007760.pdf

business consisting of the
prospecting for, or extraction
or production of, petroleum or
natural gas or both in India and
in relation to which the Central
Government has entered into
an agreement for the purpose
of deposit in Special Account/
Site Restoration Account under
section 33ABA

Chap. 7 – Direct Taxation

3. Assessees other than 35D(4) and 6AB 3AE https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007761.pdf

companies or co-operative 35E (6)
societies claiming amortisation
of certain preliminary expenses
under section 35D or claiming
deduction for expenditure on
prospecting etc., for certain
minerals under section 35E for
the first year only
4. Assessees carrying on 44AB 6G(1)(a) 3CA https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007765.pdf

business or profession whose
sales, turnover or gross
receipts exceed ` 1 Crore
(` 50 lakhs in the case
of profession) as per the
provisions of section 44AB,
and assessees who claim their
income to be lower than the
profits or gains deemed to be
the profits and gains of their
business under sections 44AD,
44ADA, 44AE, 44BB or 44BBB
4A. Assessees carrying on 44AB 6G(1)(b) 3CB https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007766.pdf

receipts exceed ` 1 crore
( ` 50 l a k h i n th e c a s e o f
profession) as per the
provisions of section 44AB,
and assessees who claim their
income to be lower than the
profits or gains deemed to be
the profits and gains of their
business under sections 44AD,
44ADA, 44AE, 44BB or 44BBB
4B. Assessees carrying on 44AB 6G(2) 3CD https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007767.pdf

receipts exceed ` 1 crore (` 50
lakh in the case of profession)
as per the provisions of section
44AB, and assessees who
claim their income to be
lower than the profits or gains
deemed to be the profits and
gains of their business under
sections 44AD, 44ADA, 44AE,
44BB or 44BBB


5. Assessee being a non-resident 44DA(2) 6GA 3CE https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007768.pdf

(not being a company) or a
foreign company receiving
income by way of royalty or
fees for technical services
from Government or an Indian
concern as per the provisions
of section 44DA
6. Every assessee who has 50B(3) 6H 3CEA https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007769.pdf

effected slump sale in the
previous year as per the
provisions of section 50B
7. Every person who has 92E 10E 3CEB https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000009614.pdf

entered into an ‘International
transaction or specified
domestic transaction’ as per
the requirement of section 92E
of the Act
8. Fund Manager to obtain report 9A 10V(7) 3CEJ https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/itr62form3cej.pdf

from the accountant in respect
of activity undertaken for the
fund as per the provisions of
section 9A
9. Company assessee engaged 35(2AB) 6(7A)(c) 3CLA https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/itr62form3cla.pdf

in the business of bio-
technology or manufacturing
of specified article or thing
incurring expenditure on
scientific research (other
than land and building) on an
approved in-house research
and development facility
10. The transferor of the share 9(1)(i) 11UC(2) 3CT https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/itr62form3ct.pdf

of, or interest in, a company
or an entity that derives its
value substantially from assets
located in India to furnish
Form No 3CT providing the
basis of the apportionment in
accordance with the formula
and certifying that the income
attributable to assets located
in India has been correctly
computed


11. Assessees who have been 142(2A) 14A 6B https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007128.pdf

ordered by the Assessing
O ff i c e r w i t h t h e p r e v i o u s
approval of the Principal
Chief Commissioner or
Chief Commissioner or
Principal Commissioner or
Commissioner under section
142(2A) to get their books of
account audited having regard
to the nature and complexity
of the accounts, volume of
accounts, doubts about the
correctness of the accounts,
multiplicity of transactions in
the accounts or specialised
nature of business activity of
the assessee and the interests
of the revenue
12. Assessee being a trust or 12A(1)(b) 17B 10B https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007797.pdf

institution claiming deduction
u / s s . 11 & 1 2 a s p e r t h e
requirement of section 12A(b)
13. Assessees being any fund Tenth 16CC 10BB https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007798.pdf

or trust or institution or any proviso
university or other educational to section
institution or any hospital 10(23C)
or other medical institution (iv)/(v)/(vi)/
referred to in sub-clause (iv) (via)
or sub-clause (v) or sub-
clause (vi) or sub-clause (via)
of section 10(23C) claiming
exemption under section
10(23C)
14. Assessees being electoral 13B 17CA(12) 10BC https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000009097.pdf

trust receiving voluntary
contributions
15. Assessees claiming deduction 80-IA (7)/ 18BBB(1) 10CCB https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007813.pdf

in respect of eligible 80-IB/
businesses under sections 80-IC
80-IA or 80-IB (except and 80-IE
Multiplex Theatres/Convention
Centres/hospitals in rural
areas), eligible undertakings/
enterprises claiming deduction
under section 80-IC and 80-IE


16. Assessees claiming deduction 80-ID (3) 18DE(3) 10CCBBA https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007816.pdf

under section 80-ID in respect (iv)
of the profits and gains derived
from the business of hotels and
convention centres in specified
areas
17. Assessees claiming deduction 80-IB(11C) 18DDA 10CCBD https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007818.pdf

under section 80-IB(11C) in
respect of the profits and gains
from the business of operating
and maintaining a hospital
located anywhere in India other
than the excluded area
18. Assessees claiming deduction 80-IA(6) 18BBE(3) 10CCC https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007819.pdf

under section 80-IA(6) in
respect of profits and gains of
business of housing or other
activities which are an integral
part of a highway project
19. Assessees, being scheduled 80LA(3)(i) 19AE 10CCF https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007822.pdf

banks owning an offshore
banking unit in a Special
Economic Zone or being unit
of an International Financial
Services Centre, for claiming
deduction under Section 80LA
in respect of specified incomes
20. Assessees, to whom section 80JJAA(2) 19AB 10DA https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007823.pdf

44AB applies, claiming (c)
deduction under section
80JJAA(1), in respect of
employment of new employees
21. Assessee responsible for 195(6) 37BB(1) 15CB https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007843.pdf

making the payment to a non- (ii)(b)
residents
22. Assessees who has failed First 31ACB(1) 26A https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007373.pdf

to deduct tax at source in proviso
accordance with the provisions to section
of the Act, not be deemed 201(1)
as an assessee in default
provided certain conditions are
fulfilled and a certificate from
an accountant to this effect
is furnished in the format
prescribed under section 201(1)
of the Act


23. Assessee who has failed First 37J(1) 27BA https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007866.pdf

to collect tax at source in proviso
accordance with the provisions to section
of the Act, not be deemed 206C(6A)
as an assessee in default
provided certain conditions are
fulfilled and a certificate from
an accountant to this effect
is furnished in the format
prescribed under section
206C(6A) of the Act
24. Corporate assessees liable 115JB(4) 40B 29B https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007874.pdf

to pay Minimum Alternate tax
under section 115JB of the
Act, to furnish a report from
an accountant certifying the
computation of book profits
25. Non-corporate assessees liable 115JC(3) 40BA 29C https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007875.pdf

to pay Alternate Minimum tax
under section 115JC of the
Act, to furnish a report from
an accountant certifying the
computation of adjusted book
profits
26. Corporate assessees claiming 35AC 11-O(2) 58B https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007939.pdf

deduction under section 35AC
27. Assessee being a non- 285 114DA 49C https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007920.pdf

resident having a liaison
office in India prepare and
deliver a statement containing
such particulars as may be
prescribed.
28. Manufacturer assessee deriving 10A(5) 16D 56F https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007933.pdf

Profits and gains from an
undertaking by the export of
articles or things or computer
software
29. Corporate assessee being 72A(2)(b) 9C(b) 62 https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007947.pdf

an amalgamated company (iii)
to furnish certificate from the
principal officer, duly verified
by an accountant regarding
achievement of the prescribed
level of production and
continuance of such level of
production in subsequent years


30. Statement of distributed income 115R(3A) 12B(2) 63 https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007948.pdf

which is to be furnished under
sub-section (3A) of section
115R by the Unit Trust of India
31. Statement of distributed 115R(3A) 12B(3) 63A https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007949.pdf

income which is to be
furnished under sub-
section (3A) of section 115R by
the Mutual Fund
32. Assessee being a venture 115U(2) 12C (2) 64 https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007950.pdf

capital company or a venture
capital fund to furnish a
statement giving details of
the nature of income paid or
credited during the previous
year and other relevant details
to be verified by an accountant
as per section 115U
33. Assessee being a business 115UA(4) 12CA(2) 64A https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/itr62form64a.pdf

trust distributing income to (i)
its unit holders to furnish a
statement giving the details of
the nature of the income paid
during the previous year and
other relevant details to be
verified by an Accountant as
per section 115UA
34. Assessee being an investment 115UB(7) 12CB(1)(ii) 64D https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/itr62form_64d.

fund making payment of pdf
income to unit holder of the
said fund to furnish a statement
giving details of the nature of
the income paid or credited
during the previous year and
such other relevant details to
be verified by an Accountant as
per section 115UB
35. Assessee being securitisation 115TCA(4) 12CC(2)(i) 64E https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000026281.pdf

trust making payment of
income to its investor to furnish
a statement giving details of
the nature of the income paid
or credited during the previous
year and such other relevant
details to be verified by an
Accountant as per section
115TCA


36. Assessees engaged in 115VW(ii) 11T 66 https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/forms/income-tax%20rules/103120000000007952.pdf

the business of operating
qualifying ships having opted
for computation of income
from such business under the
tonnage tax scheme contained
in chapter XII-G of the Act to
furnish a report under section
115VW of the Act
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• Council Guidelines on Tax Audit Limit at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=10354

8 International Taxation
TAX CONSULTANCY
Expatriate Taxation
Expatriates are people who visit other country for temporary
duration for working in the Indian entity. Many of the
multinational enterprises having presence globally may send
some of its employees to countries where it has presence in
order to assist the local company in their business activities.
This phenomenon under is also known to as global mobility in
the context of employment.
Income of the expats may be taxable in the country to which

they are temporarily working. India has certain tax provisions
which may apply to the expats visiting India. In order to
determine their taxability in India, the residential status of such
expats will become relevant. Residential status as per the
Income-tax Act, 1961 (‘the Act’) will depend upon the period of
stay of such expat in India.
International
Some of the solutions, which may be provided by Chartered
Accountants in Expatriate Taxation matters, include:
Taxation
 Obtaining Tax Registrations – Assist in obtaining the tax
identification number (Permanent Account Number) of
the expatriate from the income-tax authorities;
 Determine Residential Status – Based on the presence

of the expat in India, the residential status of such expat
may be determined under the Act;
 Issuance of technical opinions on questions of law;
 Monthly withholding tax calculation – Assist in computing

the monthly tax liability of the expatriate in order to
enable to the company to withhold applicable taxes in
India including tax equalization amounts for grossing up
tax;
 Annual Income tax return preparation and filing –

Prepare the computation of income and assist in
filing the annual income tax return of the expatriate in
India.
 Representation before the revenue authorities including

appellate level and tax tribunal and allied assistance on
litigation management including strategic advisory
 Evaluating the applicability of the double taxation

avoidance agreement with the relevant country, in
relation to relevant streams of income;
NON-RESIDENT INDIANS (NRI) TAXATION

Indian citizens or people of Indian birth residing outside
India could be termed as Non-Resident Indian. The era of
globalization has led to large employee movements across the

Chap. 8 – International Taxation
globe. Employees are being sent to work in other countries Under the previous Companies Act, 1956 (sections 391-394)
which increases the tax complications for such employees in it was possible for a foreign company to merge with an Indian
both the countries. Non-Resident Indians (NRI) are citizens of company, but an Indian company could not be merged with a
India or Persons of Indian origin who become non-residents in foreign company. This was intended to ensure that the company
India on account of their duration of stay outside India. that continues after the merger is an Indian company over
which the Indian regulatory authorities continue to exercise
In order to analyze the tax impact of NRIs in India, it would be
control. Under the Companies Act, 2013, however, section
relevant to determine the tax laws both, under the Act as well
234, which was effective from 13 April 2017, allows cross-
as the double taxation avoidance agreement. The foreign tax
border mergers both ways, subject to the fulfillment of certain
credits available to such NRIs shall also have to be evaluated.
conditions. This is intended to provide additional stimulus to
Some of the solutions, which may be provided by Chartered cross-border mergers.
Accountants in relation to NRI Taxation, include:
Some of the solutions, which may be provided by Chartered
 Obtaining Tax Registrations – Assist in obtaining the tax Accountants in relation to Cross Border Transactions include:
identification number (Permanent Account Number) of
 Corporate reorganisations – Suggest suitable investment
the NRI from the income-tax authorities;
structure for the Overseas entities especially from Indian
 Determining Residential Status – Based on the presence income-tax perspective including recommending suitable
of the NRI in India, the residential status of such NRI jurisdictions to locate the Overseas holding company for
may be determined under the Act; the proposed investments in India and suitable modes
of investments in the Indian company.
 Property and investment transaction advisory – This
would include advise to NRIs on acquisition and  Capital reorganisations – Suggest appropriate alternatives
disposal of investments as well immoveable property viz. capital reductions, bonus issues, rights issues,
and associated tax compliances if any; preferential and debenture and bonds issues, share
buybacks etc., involving non-resident stake holders. This
 Issuance of technical opinions on questions of law; aspect is relevant from overseas funding perspective as
 Pre and post NRI status advisory – Advise in relation well.
to income tax disclosures pre and post NRI status  Fair Market Valuation of shares and investments
including disclosures if any, under Undisclosed Foreign – In case of associated enterprises or deemed to
Investments and Assets Act 2015 be associated enterprises, international or deemed
 Preparing and filing Annual Income tax returns and international transactions, there could be a scope for
transaction based challans for tax payments if any – advisory on the aspects of valuation from Indian transfer
Prepare computation of income and assist in filing the pricing regulations perspective.
annual income tax return of the expatriate in India;  Transfer Pricing compliance review including profit
 Representation before the revenue authorities including attribution study in case of cross border transactions
appellate level and tax tribunal and allied assistance on between related parties.
litigation management including strategic advisory;  Tax due diligence – Conduct a vendor/buyer tax due
 Evaluating the applicability of the double taxation diligence which shall involve review of the past records
avoidance agreement with the relevant country, in of the company in order to find any gaps/observations
relation to relevant streams of income; which may have financial or other impact;
 Assistance in claim of foreign tax credits, based on  Issuance of technical opinions on questions of law;
relevance;  Ideation on profit repatriation and exit options –
 Issuance of remittance certificates under Form 15CA/ Assistance in analyzing various possible modes of profit
Form 15CB and other compliance certificates if any. repatriation and exit of investments from India, based on
the analysis of the tax laws and treaty provisions;
CROSS-BORDER TRANSACTIONS INCLUDING  IP/Intangibles Planning – Advising and evaluating
MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS alternatives for the location of the IP/intangibles owned
by the group in appropriate jurisdiction in order to
Globalization and cross-border transactions has seen an
achieve tax efficiency;
upsurge in the number of Mergers and Acquisition transactions.
In the year 2017, India has seen more than 1,000 mergers and  Obtaining certificate under section 197 – Assist in making
acquisitions which is the highest in the current decade. an application to the income-tax officer to obtain a lower

withholding tax certificate under section 197 of the Act assistance on litigation management including strategic
basis the computation of estimated profits or gains advisory.
including losses if any attributable to the foreign entity
in India; PERMANENT ESTABLISHMENT
 Issuance of remittance certificates under Form 15CA/ The concept of permanent establishment (‘PE’) gained
Form 15CB and other compliance certificates if any. importance as many entities started carrying out business in
foreign countries by way of presence in that country either
 Representation before the revenue authorities including
through an office set-up or through any of its employee or other
appellate level and tax tribunal and allied assistance on
personnel. As the business is carried out by the entity in the
litigation management including strategic advisory
foreign country, the right to tax income generated from such
business should also be with that foreign country.
ROYALTY AND FEES FOR TECHNICAL SERVICES
This gives rise to the cross-border taxation based on the PE of
On account of increase in cross-border transactions, payments
the entity in the foreign country. The double taxation avoidance
in the nature of royalty and fees for technical services
agreement has generally two type of permanent establishment
(‘FTS’) have also increased considerably. The Organization
– fixed place and dependent agency PE. However, most of the
for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Model
double taxation avoidance agreements (DTAA) which India has
Convention and the United Nations (UN) Model Convention
entered into with other countries has an additional concept of
have an article for the taxation of royalty. However, the taxation
Service PE wherein if the employee or personnel of the foreign
of FTS was not there in both the Conventions. This is because,
entity is present in India for more than the specified threshold
import of technical services is not common within the developed
limit providing services to another person/entity in India then the
countries and thus, both the conventions never felt the need
said employee or personnel shall constitute a service PE of the
to include an article on taxation of FTS. However, with the
foreign entity in India. Income attributable to the foreign entity
changing times and considering the situation of the developing
on account of the presence of such employee/personnel in India
countries, the recently amended UN Model Convention 2017
shall be taxable in India.
has included an article on taxation of FTS.
Some of the solutions which may be provided by Chartered
Many of the double taxation avoidance agreement which India
Accountants relating to Permanent Establishment aspects for
has entered into with the other countries does have an article
non-residents include:
on taxation of fees for technical services.
 Tax advisory – Analyze and review the facts of the
Some of the solutions provided by Chartered Accountants in
foreign entity in order to determine whether the said
relation to Taxation of Royalty/ Fees for Technical services
foreign entity has any permanent establishment in India
include:
under the relevant double taxation avoidance agreement,
 Tax advisory – Assist in evaluating whether a payment read with the extant provisions of law including BEPS
would fall within the definition of ‘royalty’ or ‘fees for Action plans.
technical services’ both under the Act as well as under
 Income attribution – Assist the foreign entity in carrying
the double taxation avoidance agreement. Based on the
out the exercise of determining the income attributable
analysis, advice on the applicable tax rate for the said
to the foreign entity in India on account of it having a
payment.
permanent establishment in India;
 Preparation and filing of Income-tax Return – Assist
 Assistance in obtaining Tax Registrations – Assist
the foreign entity in preparing and filing of the annual
the foreign entity in obtaining the tax identification
income-tax return declaring the income from royalty or
number (Permanent Account Number) for its permanent
FTS in the income-tax return;
establishment in India from the income-tax authorities;
 Withholding tax return – Assist the Indian entity in
 Obtaining certificate under section 197 – Assist in making
deducting taxes on royalty/FTS payments and preparing
an application to the income-tax officer to obtain a lower
and filing the withholding tax returns in relation to such
withholding tax certificate under section 197 of the Act
payments made to foreign entities.
basis the computation of estimated profits attributable
 Issuance of technical opinions on questions of law; to the permanent establishment of the foreign entity in
India;
 Issuance of remittance certificates under Form 15CA/
Form 15CB and other compliance certificates if any.  Preparation and filing of Income-tax Return – Assist the
foreign entity in preparation and filing of the income-tax
 Representation before the revenue authorities return in relation to the permanent establishment in India;
including appellate level and tax tribunal and allied

 Representation before the revenue authorities including two years, finance minister has brought in amendments such
appellate level and tax tribunal and allied assistance on as introduction of equalization levy, secondary adjustment,
litigation management including strategic advisory. concept of significant economic presence, modification of the
dependent agent definition, etc. which are in line with the BEPS
provisions.
GENERAL ANTI AVOIDANCE RULE
Reiterating India’s commitment to implement OECD’s BEPS
(GAAR)
Action Plan 13, the CBDT has released the final rules on
October 31, 2017 on the rules in respect of Country-by-country
reporting (‘CbCR’) and Master File (‘MF’) as required to be
General Anti Avoidance Rule (‘GAAR’) has been introduced by furnished to tax authorities in terms of Section 286(8) and
the Government in order to target such arrangements which Section 92(D) of Income-tax Act. The new rules proposed to
have been specifically entered with the object of avoiding taxes. be inserted are Rules 10DA and Rule 10DB of the Income-tax
The provisions of GAAR were first introduced in the Act by Rules, 1962 (the Rules).
Finance Budget 2012, however, it finally came into effect from
financial year 2017-18 onwards. Some of the solutions which may be provided by Chartered
Accountants in relation to BEPS & MLI, would include:
Some of the solutions which may be provided by Chartered
Accountants in relation to aspects of GAAR, include:  BEPS Review – Undertake an entire review of the
business model of the entity in light of the provisions of
 GAAR evaluation – Evaluate a transaction/structure the BEPS and the amended provisions as per the Act,
from GAAR perspective in order to determine if there which are in line with BEPS.
is any exposure of the said transaction/structure being
considered as having entered into with the intention of  Modifications to existing business models – Based on
avoiding taxes in India. the aforesaid review, suggest alterations or modifications
to the existing business model in order to make it tax
 Issuance of technical opinions on questions of law; efficient and compliant with BEPS provisions.
 Representation before the revenue authorities including  Tax Advisory – Any other advisory work in relation to
appellate level and tax tribunal in relation to the the impact of BEPS/MLI to the business of the entity.
arrangements alleged to have been anti-avoidance
arrangements;  Issuance of technical opinions on questions of law.
 CbCR and Master File related compliances.
BASE EROSION AND PROFIT  Other compliances similar to the one above, as may be
SHIFTING (BEPS) & mandated from time to time under the Act.
MULTILATERAL INSTRUMENT (MLI)
WITHHOLDING TAX ON FOREIGN REMITTANCES
Base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) refers to tax avoidance As per the Act any sum payable to the non-resident which is
strategies that exploit gaps and mismatches in tax rules to chargeable to tax in India should be subject to withholding
artificially shift profits to low or no-tax locations. Under the taxes. Accordingly, the person making the payment to the non-
inclusive framework, over 100 countries and jurisdictions are resident shall be liable to withhold appropriate taxes. In case
collaborating to implement the BEPS measures. the payer does not withhold taxes from the foreign remittances
liable to tax in India then withholding tax proceedings shall be
In November 2016, over 100 jurisdictions concluded initiated against such payer. Further, the payer shall also not be
negotiations on the Multilateral Convention to Implement eligible to claim deduction for such foreign remittances from its
Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and taxable income in India.
Profit Shifting (“Multilateral Instrument” or “MLI”) that will
swiftly implement a series of tax treaty measures to update Some of the solutions which may be provided by Chartered
international tax rules and lessen the opportunity for tax Accountants in relation to Withholding tax on foreign remittances
avoidance by multinational enterprises. The MLI which was include:
signed by 68 jurisdictions on 7th June 2017 will enter into force  Applicability of withholding tax – Evaluate the withholding
on 1st July 2018. The number of signatories as on date is 78 tax implications on foreign remittances both under
jurisdictions. the Act as well as under the relevant double taxation
Based on the provisions of BEPS, many countries have already avoidance agreement and accordingly, advice the payer
started amending their domestic tax laws to bring the same in to withhold appropriate taxes;
line with BEPS. India is one such country where in the past  Issuance of technical opinions on questions of law;

 Issuance of Form 15CB – Assist in preparation and Evolution of Transfer Pricing at India: India started integrating
issuance of Form 15CB in cases where the foreign its economy with global economy in 1991. This has led to
remittances are subject to withholding tax; increased cross border flow of goods, services, funds and even
intangibles and a large inflow of Foreign Direct Investment.
 Filing of the withholding tax return – Assist in preparation Many of the Indian companies have also become large global
and filing of the withholding tax return in Form 27Q in players with overseas subsidiaries in many tax jurisdictions.
relation to the foreign remittances. Transfer pricing in India was introduced in 2001 for curbing
tax avoidance by laying down norms for “income arising from
FOREIGN TAX CREDIT international transactions” to be computed at “arm’s length
Foreign tax credit is the credit claimed in the country of price”.
residence for the taxes paid in any other country/source Transfer pricing encompasses areas such as inter- company
country in case the income is taxable both, in the country of pricing arrangements between related business entities,
source as well as the country of residence. The purpose of including transfers of intellectual property, transfers of tangible
claim of foreign tax credit is to avoid double taxation of income. goods, services and loans and other financing transactions.
Accordingly, if an income is taxed in the source country then
the same should not be taxed again in the country of residence. Reiterating India’s commitment to implement OECD’s BEPS
Action Plan 13, the CBDT has released the final rules on
Some of the solutions which may be provided by Chartered October 31, 2017 on the rules in respect of Country-by-country
Accountants in Foreign Tax Credit, include: reporting (‘CbCR’) and Master File (‘MF’) as required to be
 Eligibility of foreign tax credit – Verify various documents furnished to tax authorities in terms of Sec.286(8) and Sec
and calculate the amount of credit for the foreign taxes 92(D) of Income Tax Act. The new rules proposed to be inserted
available in India; are Rules 10DA and Rule 10DB of the Income-tax Rules, 1962
(the Rules).
All this provides immense opportunities to Chartered
 Filing of Form 67 – Assist the company in filing Form Accountants who are well positioned to provide end-to-end
67 in order to claim the foreign tax credit in India. solutions to help companies manage the whole process.
TRANSFER PRICING Thus, in this environment, where change is rapid and

international transaction flows are high, local transfer pricing
In the last century, global trade consisted of cases of import knowledge and sound advice is paramount. Opportunities
and export of raw materials and of finished goods between are certainly there but executives need advisers/Chartered
independent parties. With the advent of the industrial revolution Accountants who can bring in a global outlook, understand the
and later on revolutions in transportation and communication, business challenges and have deep expertise about the relevant
moving materials, labour & funds across geographical and industry.
political boundaries became easier and efficient. Companies
expanded rapidly to open subsidiaries and affiliates resulting in CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS HOLD HIGH SOCIAL
emergence of Multinational Enterprises (MNEs), spread out in AND PROFESSIONAL REPUTE IN INDIA
various countries.
An important phenomenon of recent times is the rapid growth of
An accompanying development has been the increasing volume the accountancy profession. The vast changes occurring in the
of transactions within the group called intra-firm transactions. economy of the country have been placing great responsibilities
The structure of transactions within an MNE group– associated on the Chartered Accountants. It also constitutes a challenge
enterprises is determined by a combination of the market and to the profession to bring their knowledge and skill in their
group driven forces which can differ from the open market specialized fields of activity.
between independent entities.
With the economic boom and complex tax structure, the profile
Surveys evidence that intra-firm trade is growing steadily and of a Chartered Accountant has catapulted to a professional
arguably accounts for around 60 per cent of international with a high-level of managerial skill with multi-disciplinary
transactions. The obvious consequence is that a large and talent. Transfer Pricing Rules in India which necessitates
growing number of international transactions are no longer filing of separate returns and related documents on cross
governed entirely by market forces, but by forces which are border transactions has generated an additional demand for
driven by common interests of the entities of a group. Chartered Accountants with specialization in overseas deals.
The recent developments fueled by the BEPS Action Plan
Also many MNEs and financial services organizations are
13 in terms of transparent global disclosures by MNEs pose
moving their back office operations to India to take advantage
greater onus on the Chartered Accountants not only spread the
of huge skill available and as well as the cost arbitrage.
awareness on the vivid changes on reporting but also adhere

to their responsibility of optimum transparency to the revenue  Documentation compliance – Assistance maintenance
authorities across the globe. in keeping information and of documents required
by persons involving international transactions with
Some of the Key Attributes for servicing in transfer pricing as a
associated enterprises;
Professional Accountant:
 Issuance of Chartered Accountants Certificate i.e., Form
 Client driven with strong commercial awareness;
No. 3CEB - Required by persons involving international
 Strong communication skills - both written and oral; transactions with associated enterprises;
 Able to develop innovative ideas and solutions, with the  Facilitating complete compliance with CbCR and Master
ability to think around a problem; File requirements
 Strong client relationship management skills with ability  Representation before the revenue authorities including
to develop quality outputs; appellate level and tax tribunal;
 Strong project management skills;  Assistance with competent authority negotiations and
mutual agreement procedures;
 Understanding of key risks and opportunities in tax
management and effectively develop policies and  Advisory Services such as -
processes to maximize benefits and minimize the
 Pricing risk transfers in intercompany transactions
risks;
(e.g., market price volatility, risk or counterparty
 Manage relationships with revenue authorities. credit risk);
Chartered Accountants on account of their intense training  Pricing intangible assets, and modelling their value
and possession of above skill-sets; have many professional over time;
opportunities, more so in an emerging economy such as India.
 Setting interest rates, defending levels of inter-
With business boundaries fast disappearing and the world company debt, and pricing inter-company
becoming one market place, professional avenues have opened guarantees using credit rating models;
up both for domestic and overseas clients.
 Determining arm’s length cost sharing and buy-in
Some of the solutions which may be provided by Chartered payments for technical know-how;
Accountants in Transfer Pricing include:
 Establishing inter-company charges for central
 Business model study - Performing benchmarking study services;
to ensure that all international transactions entered by
 Implementation of advance pricing arrangements
persons are maintained at arm’s length price;
covering a variety of different types of transactions.
Courses offered
Committee on International Taxation of ICAI is also offering Post Qualification Diploma in International Taxation for members. For
details, please visit https://www.icai.org/new_post.html? post_id=13126
Important Links
• Licenses of Capitaline TP Corporate database at a concessional rate at
https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=12914&c_id=219
• List of signatories and parties to the Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures can be viewed at
http://www.oecd.org/tax/treaties/beps-mli-signatories-and-parties.pdf
• Global Forum on Tax Transparency can be viewed at
http://www.oecd.org/tax/exchange-of-tax-information/global-forum-marks-a-dramatic-shift-in-the-fight-against-tax-evasion-with-the-widespread-commencement-of-the-automatic-exchange-of-financial-information.html

9 The Companies Act, 2013
The dynamic role of Chartered Accountants is not restricted

only to Auditing, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Taxation,
Corporate Laws etc., but the horizons have broadened even
to being an Independent Director, Key Managerial Personnel,
Insolvency Professional, Valuation Professional, etc. Many
professional avenues have been opened up for the Chartered
Accountants alongwith manifold challenges therein.
OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE FOR CHARTERED

ACCOUNTANTS
Chartered Accountants as Independent Directors

The idea of having Independent Directors on the Board is to
bring objectivity to Board decisions, protect common interests
of the company and its stakeholders, observe high ethical
standards, foster improvement in corporate governance
standards. Independent directors have to play a crucial role The Companies
in framing the CSR policy and its implementation in the Board
and Company with extended emphasis on global warming and
climate change. The Chartered Accountants have a crucial role
Act, 2013
to play in corporate governance in general and as independent
directors in particular.
Women Directors on The Board

Women Chartered Accountants are well-equipped and
empowered to become Directors on the Boards of company.
Chartered Accountant as Key Managerial Personnel

The Act has for the first time defined Key Managerial Personnel
and it includes Chief Financial Officer. As we all know Chief
Financial Officers are mostly Chartered Accountants.
The legislative requirements for statutory disclosures by

professional accountants relating to the financial affairs of a
corporate are spread across a large number of statues and
the purpose of such statements have to be viewed from the
intention and requirement of such law and it is therefore a very
important task to consolidate such statements/reports/opinion by
accountants in one place.
Section 275 of The Companies Act, 2013

The provisional liquidator or the Company Liquidator, as the
case may be, shall be appointed from a panel maintained
by the Central Government consisting of the names of
Chartered Accountants, Advocates, Company Secretaries,
Cost Accountants or firms or bodies corporate having such
Chartered Accountants, Advocates, Company Secretaries, Cost
Accountants and such other professionals as may be notified
by the Central Government or from a firm or a body corporate
of persons having a combination of such professionals as may

Chap. 9 – The Companies Act, 2013
be prescribed and having at least ten years’ experience in Other Services by Auditors (Section 144)
company matters.
This section seeks to provide that an auditor can do such
other services as approved by the Board or Audit Committee.
Professional Assistance to Company Liquidator
The section further provides for the services which the auditor
As per Section 291 of the Companies Act, 2013, the Company cannot perform, directly or indirectly to the company or its
Liquidator may, with the sanction of the Tribunal, appoint one holding company, subsidiary company or associate company.
or more Chartered Accountant on such terms and conditions,
as may be necessary, to assist him in the performance of his Appointment as Registered Valuer (Section 247)
duties and functions under this Act. (Separately Covered Under Registered Valuer
Chapter)
Right to Legal Representation
Appointment as Interim Resolution Professional
As per Section 432, a party to any proceeding or appeal before
and Insolvency Professional as per The Insolvency
the Tribunal or the Appellate Tribunal, as the case may be, may
and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (Separately Covered In
either appear in person or authorize one or more chartered
Chapter of Insolvency Professional)
accountants or company secretaries or cost accountants or
legal practitioners or any other person to present his case
Valuation Report and Opinion on Scheme of
before the Tribunal or the Appellate Tribunal, as the case may
Arrangement by Listed Entities
be.
Securities and Exchange Board of India has issued guidelines
Appointment of Chartered Accountants as Auditors vide circular dated 10.03.2017 related to Scheme of
Arrangement by Listed Entities. The guidelines mandatorily
Section 139 to 148 of the Companies Act, 2013 deals with
require listed entities to submit valuation report from an
provisions related to Statutory Auditor.
Independent Chartered Accountant.
This being the core area of practice of a Chartered Accountant
While considering the scheme of arrangement of any listed
needs no introduction or advertisement. Once an individual is
entity SEBI may also seek clarifications and opinion of a
qualified as a Chartered Accountant, he is given the advantage
Chartered Accountant the merits and viability of draft scheme
of being an Auditor and opportunity to deliver the best of
of arrangement.
services.
Chartered Accountants as Internal Auditors

(Section 138)
(separately covered in the chapter of Internal Audit)
Important Links
• Webpage of Corporate Laws & Corporate Governance Committee at
• Summary of Provisions of The Companies (Amendment) Ordinance 2018 at https://resource.cdn.icai.org/52614clcgc42176.pdf
• Guidance Note on the Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013 at https://resource.cdn.icai.org/45059clcgc35038.pdf
• Frequently Asked Questions on the provisions of Companies Act, 2013 at https://resource.cdn.icai.org/45163clcgc35207.pdf

10 Arbitration
ARBITRATION, MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION

Arbitration, by its very nature, is meant to be an alternative to
courts and a speedier remedy for dispute resolution. Almost
all disputes – Commercial, Civil, Labour, Family, etc., can be
settled through Arbitration, Mediation and Conciliation.
The Alternate Dispute Resolution process has been

proven to work in the business environment, especially in
respect of disputes involving joint ventures, construction
projects, partnership differences, intellectual property rights,
etc.
PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES UNDER

ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Section 2(2)(iv) of the Chartered Accountants’ Act, 1949 read
with Regulation 191 of the Chartered Accountants’ Regulations,
1988 specifically provides that a Chartered Accountant in his Arbitration
professional capacity is allowed to act as an Arbitrator.
Chartered Accountants with their objective, independent and

balanced approach to a problem can be ideally placed to act as
arbitrators or conciliators and play a mediator’s role in resolving
conflict situations between partners, business associates,
employers and employees etc.
REPRESENTING THE CLIENT IN THE ARBITRAL

PROCEEDINGS
In recent times, there is a move all over the world to encourage
professionals and experts like Chartered Accountants, to play
an active role in arbitral processes. The objective of arbitration
is to provide expeditious, efficient and economic justice to the
aggrieved parties as it is felt that too much legality defeats the
very purpose of arbitration. A Chartered Accountant can equip
himself to enter into the field with considerable advantage.
A Chartered Accountant normally represents the cases of
his clients before various authorities including the Tribunals,
Company Law Benches, SEBI, RBI etc. He can definitely
specialize in arbitration matters particularly those connected
with breach of contracts, insurance claims, loss of profit,
securities fraud, commercial disputes, rights of properties,
lease transactions etc. and represent his clients in Arbitral
proceedings.
AS AN EXPERT
Under Section 26(1) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act,
1996 the Arbitral Tribunal may appoint expert/s to report
on any specific issue to be determined by it. It may also
require the parties to give the expert any relevant information,
explanations, or to produce or provide access to any relevant
documents, goods or other property for inspection. An expert
may be examined and cross-examined by a party on request

Chap. 10 – Arbitration
of a party and where an arbitral tribunal considers it necessary.  Member of Arbitral Tribunal
A Chartered Accountant can help the arbitral tribunal in
 Acting as arbitrator
the capacity of an expert in matters relating to accounts,
commercial transactions, lease transactions etc., where he has  Acting as Arbitrator in different countries.
sufficient domain knowledge.
INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION
AS A CONCILIATOR
 Helping the clients in the process of Selecting an
Conciliation is a process by which the conciliator endeavours Arbitration Institution.
to bring the disputant parties to an agreement. A conciliator
is generally an independent third party who mediates for  Helping the Clients in selecting the arbitration format
the disputing parties in order to bring them to a mutually and structure without using an arbitration institution in
acceptable settlement. A mediator is normally taken to be a the case of Ad hoc arbitration.
person of the disputant’s choice. The conciliator is instrumental
in drawing up the terms of settlement in the shape of an  Helping the clients in determining the procedural law
agreement, consequent upon comprehensive discussions with to be applied to the arbitration depending on the
the parties to the dispute. A Chartered Accountant in his day- legislations relating to arbitration in various countries.
to-day practice often helps his clients in settling their disputes
through conciliation. CA’s can serve as professional conciliators.  Drafting commercial trade agreements in consonance
With the acquisition of thorough knowledge on the process with the principles of Alternative Dispute Resolution.
of mediation, negotiating skills and related techniques of
 Drafting Arbitration clauses in international contracts.
conciliation a Chartered Accountant can act as a successful
professional conciliator thereby adding to the array of services  Drafting of a proper arbitration agreement considering
he provides. the arbitration rules promulgated by various international
institutions, is a job to which the Chartered Accountant
OTHER AREAS can apply his expertise.
 Drafting of Arbitration Agreements
Courses offered
• The Committee on Economic, Commercial Laws & WTO is offering a Certificate Course on Arbitration, Mediation &
Conciliation, for details, please visit https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=11739
• International Chamber of Commerce https://iccwbo.org/
• India International Chamber of Commerce www.iccindiaonline.org

11 Prevention of Money Laundering Act
PREVENTION OF MONEY LAUNDERING ACT, 2002

Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 and the Rules
notified thereunder came into force with effect from July 1,
2005. Director, Financial Intelligence Unit-IND and Director
(Enforcement) have been conferred with exclusive and
concurrent powers under relevant sections of the Act to
implement the provisions of the Act. The broader concept of
‘reporting entity’ was also introduced which includes a banking
company, financial institution, intermediary or a person carrying
on a designated business or profession.
Chartered Accountants with their inherent abilities sharpened

by the specialized knowledge of accounts, finance & law,
experience and attention to detail can provide the following
services to their clients, being reporting entities, law
enforcement agencies and others in relation to the Prevention
of Money Laundering Act, 2002 Prevention of
Professional opportunities in this area include:
A. As Consultants
Money Laundering
(a) By their vast expertise in handling huge quantitative
data for verification of the exact nature of
Act
transactions.
(b) Developing data marts to track and monitor deviant

patterns and analyzing customer behaviour pattern.
(c) By building effective AML programs for the financial

organisations to protect them from the potential
threats.
B. As the Trusted Partner of the Government
(a) By implementation of the Act in letter and spirit.

The implementation assistance could be in the
form of developing Anti-Money Laundering (AML)
Policy and Control architecture.
(b) By Know Your Customer (KYC)/Prevention of

Money Laundering Act, 2002 [PMLA] Investigations
and Inspections.
C. Conducting KYC Audit
(a) By using customers due diligence procedures to

confirm the identity of clients from the records
produced by him.
(b) By systems audit for checking customer’s identity

from external database.
(c) By formulating and implementing the programme

of KYC and forwarding it to to the Director
appointed under PMLA as required under the PML
(maintenance of records) Rules 2005.

Chap. 11 – Prevention of Money Laundering Act
D. Advisory services concerned reporting entity to get its records, as

may be specified, audited by an accountant from
(a) By identifying the risk & mitigating controls in the
amongst a panel of accountants, maintained by
customer area of acceptance, retail, banking and
the Central Government for this purpose.
sales channel management.
(1B) The expenses of, and incidental to, any audit under
E. General role
sub-section (1A) shall be borne by the Central
(a) Special reviews, inspections and investigations Government.”
arising from Suspicious Transaction Reporting
Further enabling provisions have also been inserted vide
(STR).
Rule 10B of the Prevention of Money Laundering (Maintenance
(b) As Compliance advisors: by interpreting various of Records) Rules, 2005 (w.e.f. 27.08.2013) as under:—
provisions of law and procedures and drafting
“10B. Expenses for audit.
documents.
 The expenses of, and incidental to, audit referred to in
(c) Functional Consultants as implementers of AML
sub-section (1A) of section 13 of the Act (including the
systems.
remuneration of the accountant, qualified assistants,
F. Other opportunities to CAs under PMLA semi- qualified and other assistants who may be engaged
by such accountant) shall be paid in accordance with
(a) CAs having specialized qualifications as may be the amount specified in sub-rule (2) of Rule 14B of the
prescribed and having experience in the field of Income-tax Rules, 1962 for every hour of the period as
finance and accounts, can be appointed as a specified by the Director.
members of the Adjudicating Authority constituted
u/s. 6 of the PMLA.  The period referred to in sub-rule (1) shall be specified
in terms of the number of hours required for completing
(b) A CA can be an “authorised representative” [as the report.
defied under section 288(2) of the Income-tax Act,
1961] and can appear on behalf of its client in  The accountant referred to in sub-section (1A) of
respect of an appeal preferred before the Appellate section 13 of the Act shall maintain a time sheet and
Tribunal section 39of PMLA. submit it to the Director, along with the bill.
G. Audit under PMLA Act, 2002 – A new Vista opened  The Director shall ensure that the number of hours
for Chartered Accountants claimed for billing purposes is commensurate with
the size and quality of the report submitted by the
Sub–section (1A) of section 13 of the PMLA Act, 2002 accountant.”
as amended till date, confers the following power on the
Director to ensure compliance:-  While Rule 10B read with section 13(1A) and 13(1B)
are self explanatory, it may be noted that by virtue of
“(1A) If at any stage of inquiry or any other proceedings the above amendments, a whole new gamut
before him, the Director having regard to the of opportunities have been thrown open to Chartered
nature and complexity of the case, is of the opinion Accountants.
that it is necessary to do so, he may direct the
Courses offered
• The Committee on Economic, Commercial Laws & WTO is offering a Certificate Course on Anti Money Laundering Laws
for details, please visit https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=11740

12 Insurance Companies
INSURANCE SECTOR
Chartered Accountants can provide their services to
Insurance enterprises in the field of risk management,
insurance management, insurance fund management, insurance
marketing, underwriting management, claims management,
loss adjustment, re-insurance, product development, actuarial
science and many allied areas such as:
NEW PRODUCT CREATION

CAs with appropriate customer understanding can design
appropriate products, determine price correctly and increase
profitability. They can advise on premiums, rebates and the
like for products unique to specific industries/companies and
suggest risk-mitigating measures.
UNDERWRITING Insurance
Companies
Underwriting, a core insurance activity, involves classification of
risks on the basis of risk characteristics so that insured parties
pay premiums proportionate to the risk. CAs can provide their
services in analysing the information to determine the right
prospect and also secure profitable business to the insurer.
POLICY OWNER SERVICES

It has been accepted fact that notable new insurance business
are generated through the existing policy holders and the
principles of Customer Relationship Management has to be
adopted which warrants the involvement of professionals like
CAs.
CLAIMS ADMINISTRATION
This is a structured method of managing claims right from the
initial report to the final payment or appeal - typically following
an existing system. Claims processing is highly data intensive
and time sensitive. CAs can provide their services in effective
management and understanding the system and interaction with
the concerned parties.
MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS

CAs with appropriate public interface can help the public to
appreciate the need for personal financial planning, estate and
retirement planning. Chartered Accountants as an Insurance
Advisors can render valuable advice to his clients/customers
in selecting among various Non- Life Insurance Policies. They
can, based on the needs and risk profile of the client, advise
them the best Insurance Policy to cover the risks to their life
and property.

Chap. 12 – Insurance Companies
INSURANCE BROKING actuarial services such as complying with the provisions

with respect to the bases of premium, ensuring that the
The opening up of the industry has resulted in a deluge of policyholders’ reasonable expectations have been considered
insurance products. Expertise in accounting and tax makes CAs in the matter of valuation of liabilities and distribution of surplus
ideal insurance brokers to render advice on technical matters, to the participating policyholders who are entitled for a share
assist in negotiation and settlement of claims, maintain records of surplus etc.
of client’s business and much more,
SURVEYOR OR LOSS ASSESSOR
CLAIMS AUDIT SERVICE
An insurance surveyor is a technical expert who inspects
This area calls for specialised knowledge in risk management, the damage or loss of an insurance company. There are
audit of outsourced claims service providers and cost advocacies for survey and loss assessment job should be
containment measures in relation to the overall claims spend. carried out by an independent, third party, licensed and
With their traditional audit knowledge and experience, CAs, can categorised surveyor only. A Chartered Accountant can be
fit into this role with ease. of immense help in assessing the damage or the loss to the
object of Insurance. This area includes general functions like
ACTUARY conducting inspections, estimating and valuing the subject
Chartered Accountant with expert knowledge on actuarial under loss.
science can be of immense help and helps in carrying out
Courses offered
• Diploma in Insurance and Risk Management (DIRM) at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=996
Important Links
• Relevant information on Banking, Insurance and Pension & Financial Markets at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=5629
• Other important links at https://resource.cdn.icai.org/18420implinks.pdf

13 Local Bodies
Another area in which the services of the Chartered

Accountants can be gainfully utilised is the audit of local bodies.
During the last one decade or so, the Union Government
as well as the State Governments have been placing an
increasing emphasis on utilising the gram panchayats and
panchayat samities as the basic agencies for local development.
Opportunities for Chartered Accountants in Local Bodies
The Accounting Reforms are underway in the local bodies.

Accrual based financial statements are also one of the
requirement of raising funds from capital market through
issuance of municipal bonds. The opportunities to the Chartered
Accountants in this emerging area are as under:
CONVERSION OF ACCOUNTS TO ACCRUAL BASED

DOUBLE ENTRY ACCOUNTING SYSTEM
 Assessment of existing system and requirements
including review of legislative framework with reference
Local Bodies
to existing laws for smooth transition into Double Entry
Accounting System and issuance of municipal bonds.
 Review of existing State Municipal Accounts Manual/

support in preparation of State Municipal Accounts
Manual for Local Bodies.
 Business process re-engineering with reference to

implementation of accrual system of Accounting and
municipal bond issuance.
 Categorisation, grouping and sub-grouping of assets and

liabilities.
 Design of Chart of Accounts with Accounting Codes.
 Determination and valuation of fixed assets including

infrastructure assets, current assets, investments, long-
term liabilities, current liabilities and net worth as on
opening balance sheet date.
 Preparing of accounting policies, formats of financial

statements and voucher format under accrual accounting
system.
 Preparation of opening balance sheet and financial

statements for the transition period.
 Design and implementation of Double Entry Accrual

Accounting System for Local Bodies.
IMPARTING TRAINING
 Training of finance and accounts personnel of Local
Bodies to build their capacity for implementing of accrual
accounting reforms and issuing municipal bond.
 Training to the trainers on the aforesaid areas.

Chap. 13 – Local Bodies
AUDITING AND ASSURANCE SERVICES  Revenue system assessment and financial analysis
of revenue and expenditure exploring potential for raising
 Assignment such as Internal Audit, Statutory Audit, and
debt capital for projects, assessing financial viability of
Special Audit of Local Bodies andAudit of Corporate
investment plans, preparation of financial projections,
Municipal Entities (CMEs), Escrow Account and the
revenue mobilisation plans and project feasibility
Project Account as per relevant municipal bonds
reports of Local Bodies, undertaking detailed revenue
guidelines/ regulations.
potential assessments, cost determination, control and
reduction analysis, facilitating public private partnership
MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY SERVICES in new projects and assist in bid process management,
 Providing assistance as domain expert to the agencies negotiations, etc.
designated by the Government for computerisation of  In the area of municipal bond issuance, providing
records and Accounting System. assistance to the municipalities for creating Corporate
 Advising the Local Bodies in Statutory compliances, Municipal Entities (CMEs) as per norms and
preparation of Detailed Project Feasibility Reports providing assistance in rating of bonds by providing
required to be submitted to the funding Agencies/ required information to the rating agencies to rate the
programmes such as World Bank, Asian Development bond issue.
Bank and under any government scheme for enabling OTHER SERVICES
them to access capital market and financial institutions
for the capital investment.  Necessary certifications in relation to the bond issue
 Design and implementation of Budgetary Control and advising local bodies with regard to various
System in the line with the Accrual Accounting System statutory compliances as per the relevant regulations
and linkage among Budgetary System and Financial and guidelines.
Management information System and Decision making
system.
Important Links
• Accounting Standards for Local Bodies can be viewed at https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=1527&c_id=270
• Publication related to Local bodies can be viewed at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=4043
• Publication on Municipal Bonds for Financing Urban Infrastructure in India https://resource.cdn.icai.org/49031caslb32852.pdf
• ICAI Government Accounting Standards Advisory Board (GASAB) at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=1529
• Website of International Federation of Accountants can be viewed at www.ifac.org
• Website of Governmental Accounting Standards Board can be viewed at www.gasb.org
• Website of Chartered Professional Accountants Canada can be viewed at www.cica.ca
• Website of Australian Accounting Standard Board can be viewed at www.aasb.gov.au

14 Special Economic Zones (SEZ)
Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a specifically delineated duty

free enclave and shall be deemed to be foreign territory for the
purposes of trade operations and duties and tariffs.
W.e.f. 10th February, 2006 the activities relating to Special

Economic Zones are guided by the provisions contained in the
Special Economic Zones Act, 2005 and the Special Economic
Zones Rules, 2006. Amendments were made in the Special
Economic Zones Rules by way of:
 The Special Economic Zones (Amendment) Rules, 2006

which came into force on 10.08.2006 (vide Notification
NO G.S.R. 470(E), dated 10-8-2006)
 The Special Economic Zones(Amendment) Rules, 2007

(vide Notification dated 16.03.2007)
 The Special Economic Zones (Second Amendment)

Rules, 2007 (vide Notification dated 12.10.2007)
Special Economic
FOREIGN TRADE POLICY (FTP) Zones (SEZ)
Foreign Trade Policy means the Foreign Trade Policy notified
from time-to-time by the Central Government under section 5
of the Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act 1992
(22 of 1992);
AGRI-EXPORT ZONES (AEZ)

The Government of India (GOI) had announced the creation
of Agri Export Zone (AEZ) in the EXIM POLICY 2001-02
with the objective of promoting greater exports of fresh and
processed agricultural produce from the country. The scheme is
implemented by the Ministry of Commerce, GoI, through APEDA
(the Agriculture and Processed Food Export Development
Authority), New Delhi which is the nodal agency for AEZ.
BIO-TECHNOLOGY PARKS (BTP)

The Government of India first proposed to establish
Biotechnology Parks in the country with all the facilities of 100%
Export Oriented Unit in the foreign Trade Policy (2004-09).
Bio-technology encompasses any technique, which uses living

organisms or parts thereof to make or modify products, improve
plant or animal productivity or to develop micro organisms for
specific use. BTP means Biotechnology Park as notified by
Director General of Foreign Trade on the recommendation
of the Department of Biotechnology (Ministry of Science and
Technology).

Chap. 14 – Special Economic Zones (SEZ)
ELECTRONIC HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY PARKS The scheme envisages creation of world-class infrastructure for
(EHTP) warehousing of various products, state-of-the-art equipment,
transportation and handling facilities, commercial office-space,
For encouraging exports of electronic hardware items including water, power, communications and connectivity, with one-
hard disk drives, computers, television, etc., such parks stop clearance of import and export formality, to support the
have been developed by the Ministry of Communications & integrated Zones as ‘international trading hubs’. These Zones
Information Technology. An Electronic Hardware Technology would be established in areas proximate to seaports, airports or
Park (EHTP) may be an individual unit by itself or a unit located dry ports so as to offer easy access by rail and road.
in an area designated as EHTP Complex. As in the case of
STP Scheme, the EHTP Scheme is also administered by the Though no manufacturing activity would be permitted, activities
Ministry of Communications & Information Technology. Incentive like repackaging would be permitted in these zones.
Package for Electronic Hardware was announced in the Foreign
Trade Policy 2002- 07. An EHTP can also be set up by the
Central Government, State Government, public or private sector INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SERVICES CENTRE
undertakings or any combination of them. (IFCS)
Financial Centres can be broadly categorized into two:
100% EOU SCHEME
International Financial Centres (IFCs) and Offshore Financial
A 100 per cent export-oriented unit is an industrial unit offering Centres (OFCs).
for export its entire production, excluding the permitted levels
of domestic tariff area sales for manufacture of goods, including The full potential of an IFC is demonstrated by centres such
repair, re-making, reconditioning, re-engineering and rendering as New York, London and Singapore where offshore business
of services. Trading units are not covered under this scheme is conducted alongside large domestic financial intermediation.
In most cases, offshore activities are not ring- fenced from
The Export Oriented Unit (EOU) scheme was introduced in the domestic operations and they usually operate in the same
year 1980 vide Ministry of Commerce resolution dated 31st regulatory and fiscal environment. IFCs have a highly matured
December 1980. The purpose of the scheme was basically to and developed economy and sophisticated, deep and liquid
boost exports by creating additional production capacity. The domestic markets.
EOU scheme is complementary to the EPZ scheme, except
that it is widely dispersed in location, unlike EPZs, which are An Offshore Centre commonly refers to a smaller and less
set up at specific locations. The Export Oriented Unit (EOU) mature jurisdiction that attracts capital through a simple
Scheme, which had been introduced in the early 1980s remains regulatory framework, minimum legal requirements for
in the forefront of country’s export production schemes. The incorporation and operation, favourable tax treatment and
scheme has witnessed many changes over the last twenty- stringent confidentiality requirements.
four years in the context of ever changing economic realities.
However, the basic premise remains the same. The premise The provisions for setting up IFSC are laid down in Section
is that the exporters are treated as a special class and given 18 of The Special Economic Zones Act, 2005. Accordingly, the
the required tariff, non-tariff and policy support to facilitate their Central Government may, subject to such guidelines as may
export efforts. Thus, today the EOU Scheme has emerged as a be framed by the Reserve Bank, the Securities and Exchange
dynamic policy initiative facilitating the exporting community in Board of India, the Insurance Regulatory and Development
the task of increased exports. Earlier, the scheme was basically Authority and such other concerned authorities, as deemed fit,
for manufacturing sector with certain minimum value addition prescribe the requirements for setting up and the terms and
in terms of export earnings. The EOU scheme is presently conditions of the operation of Units in an International Financial
governed by Chapter 6 of the Foreign Trade Policy 2004-09 and Services Centre. Till date no terms and conditions has been
Chapter 6 of the Handbook of Procedures and Appendix 14-IA prescribed by Central Government for setting up of International
to Appendix 14-IN. Financial service centre.
FREE TRADE AND WAREHOUSING ZONES OFFSHORE BANKING UNITS (OBU)

The concept of Free Trade and Warehousing Zones OBU are virtually foreign branches of Indian banks but located
was introduced by Chapter 7A of the Foreign Trade Policy in India and would be exempt from Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)
2004-09 on 31st August 2004. Chapter 7A has been deleted in and Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR). The Union Commerce
the Foreign Trade Policy 2006-07. The Special Economic Zones Minister had first announced the setting up of OBUs in SEZ in
Act 2005 and Special Economic Zones Rules 2006 now apply the EXIM Policy 2002-07.The terms and conditions subject to
to FTWZs from 10th February 2006. which an Offshore

Banking Unit may be set up and operated in a Special  Certification of reports – Form I (Annual performance
Economic Zone shall be as specified in the Notification number reports for Units).
FEMA 71/2002- RB dated 7th September, 2002 by the Reserve
 There is a requirement under Rule 22 of the
Bank of India, as amended from time-to-time.
Special Economic Zones Rules, 2006 that the grant
of exemptions, drawbacks and concession to the
SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY PARKS OF INDIA (STPS) entrepreneur or developer of a Special Economic
Zone will be subject to the condition that the Unit
Software Technology Parks (STPs) are export- oriented projects
submits an Annual Performance Report in Form I to
catering to the needs of software development for exports.
the Development Commissioner who in turn will submit
The present provisions of the STP scheme are contained in
it to the Approval committee for his consideration. The
Chapter 6 of the Foreign Trade Policy 2004-09. The procedures
information given in the form should be authenticated
are included in Chapter 6 of the Handbook of Procedures and
by the authorized signatory of the unit and certified by
Appendices to the Handbook of procedures issued under the
a Chartered Accountant.
Foreign Trade Policy 2004-09. Software Technology Parks
of India is an autonomous organization under Ministry of  Audit report under section 80-I(7)/80-IA(7)/80-IB/80-IC of
Communications and Information Technology, Govt. of India. the Income-tax Act, 1961 in Form 10CCB.
New fiscal incentives offered under this scheme, infrastructure
created by STPI and the investor-friendly environment have  Report under section 10A(5) and section 10B(5) of
contributed to a steep growth in the Software Exports from the Income-tax Act, 1961 in FORM No. 56F and Form
India. No. 56G respectively certifying that the deduction has
been made in accordance with the corresponding
The opportunities for Chartered Accountants in the above section.
entities are as follows:
 Report under section 80LA(3) of the Income-tax
Act, 1961 in Form No. 10CCF.
 Assistance in preparation of project report: A project
report outlining the economic and commercial viability  Report on Annual performance of units -The information
of the project needs to be attached along with Form A given in the formats for APRs should be authenticated
i.e. Application for setting up a unit in Special Economic by the authorized signatory of the unit and should be
Zone. certified for its correctness by a Chartered Accountant
with reference to the account records and registers
 Assistance in necessary applications, compliances
maintained by the unit (Appendix 14-I-F Handbook of
etc. with the Board of Approval State Government,
Procedures of Foreign Trade Policy.
Development Commissioner, Approval Committee, etc.
http://nbaindia.org/uploaded/Biodiversityindia/Legal/6.%20Import%20and%20Export%20(Control)%20Act,%201947.pdf
 Consultancy services for developing Special Economic
Zones.  Certificate on production and exports. DTA sale of Gem &
Jewellery items will be permitted on annual basis by the
 Consultancy services for setting up units in Special
Development Commissioners up to 10% of FOB value
Economic Zones.
of exports during the preceding year subject to certain
 Representation before Board of Approval on behalf conditions. One such condition is that the application by
of any person aggrieved by the order passed by the an EOU has to be submitted to DC concerned on yearly
Approval Committee. basis (licensing-year) giving the details of production
and exports made during the preceding licensing
 Rule 55 of Special Economic Zones Rules, 2006 states year duly certified by a Chartered Accountant and
that any person aggrieved by an order passed by the endorsed by the jurisdictional Custom Authority.
Approval Committee under section 15 of the Special (Appendix 14-I-H Handbook of Procedures of Foreign
Economic Zones Act, 2005 or against cancellation of Trade Policy).
Letter of Permission under section 16, may prefer an
appeal to the Board in the Form J. http://nbaindia.org/uploaded/Biodiversityindia/Legal/6.%20Import%20and%20Export%20(Control)%20Act,%201947.pdf
 Rule 61 of the Special Economic Zones Rules, 2006  Certificate for Central Sales Tax (CST) reimbursements
states every appellant may appear before the Board in certifying receipt of the goods (Appendix 14-I-I Handbook
person or authorize one or more chartered accountants of Procedures of Foreign Trade Policy). The Export
or company secretaries or cost accounts or legal Oriented Units (EOUs) and units in Electronic Hardware
practitioners or any of his or its officers to present his Technology Park (EHTP) and Software Technology Park
or its case before the Board. (STP) will be entitled to full reimbursement of Central

Sales Tax (CST) paid by them on purchases made Development Commissioner of the SEZ concerned or
from the Domestic Tariff Area (DTA), for production of the designated officer of the EHTP/ STP.
goods and services as per EOU Scheme subject to
certain conditions. The unit has to present its claim for
reimbursement of CST in the prescribed form to the
Important Links
• Handbook on Foreign Trade Policy and Guide to Export & Import can be viewed at
• Directorate General of Foreign Trade https://dgft.gov.in/
• Export/ Import http://www.eximkey.com/
• Ministry of Finance http://finmin.nic.in/
• Ministry of Commerce & Industry https://commerce.gov.in/
• Ministry of Company Affairs http://www.mca.gov.in/
• Income Tax, India http://incometaxindia.gov.in/
• Reserve Bank of India http://www.rbi.org.in/
• Special Economic Zones in India http://www.sezindia.nic.in
• Free Trade Warehousing Private Limited (FTWPL) http://mmtclimited.com/pages/display/186-free-trade-warehousing-pvt.-ltd.
• Department of Biotechnology (DBT)) http://dbtindia.nic.in/
• Software Technology Park of India/Electronic Hardware Technology Park http://www.stpi.in/
• Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) http://apeda.gov.in/apedawebsite/
• Agri-Export Zones http://www.apeda.gov.in/apedawebsite/trade_promotion/Agri_Export_Zone.htm
• Santacruz Electronics Export Processing Zone http://seepz.gov.in/seepz_sez.aspx
• Kandla Special Economic Zone http://kasez.gov.in/
• Cochin Special Economic Zone http://www.csez.com/
• Madras Special Economic Zone http://sezindia.nic.in/cms/madras-special-economic-zone.php
• Noida Special Economic Zone http://www.nsez.gov.in/
• Visakhapatnam Special Economic Zone http://www.vsez.gov.in/
• Falta Special Economic Zone http://fsez.gov.in/home.html
• Surat Special Economic Zones http://www.sursez.com/
• Indore Special Economic Zone http://indoresez.nic.in/
• Export Promotion Council http://commerce.gov.in/InnerContent.aspx?Id=6

15 Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs)
REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO NBFC
A Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is a

company registered under the Companies Act, 1956
and is engaged in the business of loans and advances,
acquisition of shares/stock/ bonds/debentures/securities
issued by Government or local authority or other
securities of like marketable nature, leasing, hire-
purchase, insurance business, chit business but does not
include any institution whose principal business is that
of agriculture activity, industrial activity, sale/ purchase/
c o n s t r u c t i o n o f i m m o v a b l e p r o p e r t y. A n o n - b a n k i n g
institution which is a company and which has its principal
business of receiving deposits under any scheme or
Non-Banking
arrangement or any other manner, or lending in any
manner is also a non-banking financial company.
The legal framework of Non-banking companies is

provided in Chapter III B, III C and Chapter V of the
Financial Companies
Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Chartered Accountants
can be engaged in conducting a compliance audit that
(NBFCs)
would include detailed examination of applicability of
various laws, regulations and directions, scrutiny of
various records including financial statements, balance
sheets etc. and issuance of report on compliance or
non-compliance of laws by these establishments along
with remedial action, wherever required. Examination of
total compliance adherence would start from the top of
the organizational hierarchy and go down into the core
business processes of a company’s operations.
SCOPE OF WORK UNDER NBFC
 To carryout end use verification of beneficiaries by

carrying out field visits to ensure eligibility status &
proper end use of funds by examination of records/
visits as deemed appropriate as per the NBFC
Schemes.
 If so desired by the NBFC, to undertake periodic

visit to the office and field areas of the lending
institutions and as a rule, the gap between any
two visits to a particular MFI should not be more
than six months. Frequent visits may require for
some of the cases, as advised by the NBFC from
time-to-time.

Chap. 15 – Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs)
 Field visit should, inter alia, involve visiting office of NCR, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra
the borrower entity of NBFC, discussions with Chief & Jharkhand.
Executives/Management of the lending institution,
 The firm shall execute undertaking of fidelity and
discussion with staff and participatory discussions
secrecy on its letterhead in the format prescribed
with clients of borrower entity.
by NBFC.
 Reporting to NBFC in the prescribed format
 The firm shall ensure that the exercise is carried
regarding the work undertaken as per directions
out in a professional manner and in case of any
of NBFC from time-to-time.
misconduct & negligence, NBFC reserves the
 Valuation of Properties right to report the matter to ICAI/RBI, under the
regulation/guidelines issued from time-to-time.
 Due Diligence for NBFC*
 The CA Firm should not sub-contract the assignment
 Field investigating agencies
to any other firm/ company/ third party or other
 Stock Auditors/Valuers persons.
 Concurrent Audit  A declaration to be furnished by the firm regarding

its interests, if any, in the assisted unit of NBFC
 Receivable Audit (for which due diligence exercise needs to be
 Forensic Audit carried out) in the capacity of Director/ promoter
etc.
 Revenue Audit
 A declaration should be furnished by the firm that
 Audit of NPS credit facilities availed by the firm or partners
or firms in which they are partners or directors
CRITERIA USUALLY SET OUT FOR including any facility availed by a third party for
EMPANELMENT FOR NBFC which the firm or its partners are guarantor/s have
 The Firm should possess a valid registration not turned or are non- performing assets, as per
(Firm constitution Certificate)/from the Institute of the prudential norms of RBI. In case the declaration
Chartered Accountants of India. is found incorrect, the assignment would get
terminated besides the firm being liable for any
 The CA firm shall have minimum 2 partners. Details action under ICAI/RBI guidelines.
of each partner including experience, qualification
etc. and their Membership Number with Institute of PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES UNDER THE
Chartered Accountants of India to be submitted. NON-BANKING FINANCE SECTOR
 The CA firm shall have minimum 5 years of  Assist in Application for Registration with Reserve
relevant experience of certification of Book Debts, Bank of India (RBI) to commence /carry on any
monitoring visits, regulatory certifications required business of non-banking financial institution.
by RBI and other regulators, for NBFC-MFIs/
NBFCs/Banks.  Obtain specific authorization from RBI to accept
deposits from the public and maintain the Liquid
 The firm shall have suitable Infrastructural facilities, Asset Requirement as required by RBI.
including office set up and qualified manpower for
carrying out such exercises. The key professional  A wide gamut of legislations is applicable to NBFCs
staff shall have the competence and experience to and assistance may be provided in compliance with
carry out the assignment in a time bound manner. them.
 The firm shall have wide presence preferably  Compliance with RBI Directions and Prudential
across States. The preference also be given to CA Norms.
Firms having presence and operations in the States  Submission of Annual, Quarterly and Monthly
of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Odisha, Returns.
Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala,

 E n s u r e a d h e r e n c e w i t h K n o w Yo u r C u s t o m e r  Internal Audit.
Guidelines, Fair Practice Code, Corporate
 Statutory Audit.
Governance Guidelines etc.
 Compliance Audit of various Regulations.
 Issue Certificate as required from Statutory Auditors
by NBFCs having Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
for compliance with the RBI Master directions.
Important Links
• Members may refer NBFC Corner at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=5189&c_id=91
Other Important Links

• Empanelment for Field Investigating Agency – Sample: https://www.bankofmaharashtra.in
• Empanelment for Stock auditor – SBI, Sample: http://www.icmai.in/
• Request for Qualifications (RFQ) For Empanelment of Chartered Accountant firms for Concurrent Audit for India Post
Payments Bank, Sample: http://www.pdicai.org/
• Receivable Audit - Sample: http://www.unitedbankofindia.com/
• Audit of NPS: https://www.pfrda.org.in/

Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) 16
The Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS), which are

substantially based on International Financial Reporting
Standards (IFRS) that are required or permitted in over 140
jurisdictions, have unleashed a mega accounting reforms in
India.
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN INDUSTRY
In view of the availability of suitably skilled human

resources, India has been a preferred destination for global
processing hubs commonly known as BPOs/KPOs, of
multinational giants from different nations across the world.
Global Financial Reporting Vertical is substantial part of
the activities of these processing centres of excellence and
importantly, most of these global giants are from jurisdictions
Indian Accounting that follow either IFRS Standards or US GAAP. It may be
worthwhile to note here that there are many new In ASs
Standards which are based on IFRS standards that have been the
outcome of IFRS and US GAAP convergence projects.
(Ind AS) Considering the fact that Ind ASs are substantially converged
with IFRS Standards, professionals with Ind AS knowledge
will be preferred choice in talent hunt. So, is the case with
nation i.e., India with large population of professionals
with globally acceptable standards will attract more and
more BPO/KPO hubs in the years to come which will have
multiplier effect on career opportunities.
GLOBAL OPPORTUNITIES – IND AS WIDENS

THE PROFESSIONAL/CAREER CANVAS
One of the key virtues of Ind AS is its substantial

convergence with IFRS Standards, a set of high quality
global standards required or permitted in over 140
jurisdictions. Accordingly, proficient knowledge of Ind AS
will enable a level playing field in accounting profession
or career internationally, in order to enable its members to
derive this professional advantage.
it may be noted that ICAI conducts IFRS Certification

Courses for its members abroad. This can be global
passport for worldwide accountancy career. Further, as
mentioned earlier there are many critical Ind AS (e.g.
Ind AS 103, Ind AS 108, Ind AS 113, Ind AS 115, Ind
AS 116) formulated based on IFRS Standards that are
outcomes of IFRS – US GAAP Convergence initiatives.
Also, there are many areas that have principles similar
to US GAAP. Accordingly, Ind AS professionals can also
explore opportunities in the US GAAP domain with some
extra efforts.

Chap. 16 – Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS)
TRAINING AND CONSULTING unlisted companies with net worth above ` 250 crore are
subject to Ind AS roadmap. This large number of domestic
As highlighted above, Ind AS or its mentor IFRS Standards
potential client bases coupled with many listed entities
have widespread use across many entities and jurisdictions.
using IFRS Standards, offers a very attractive profession in
In India, there are nearly 7,000 listed companies that are
training and consulting domain.
required to prepare Ind AS based financial statements. Also,
Courses offered
• Certificate Course on Ind AS (Indian Accounting Standards) for proper implementation of IFRS-converged Indian Accounting
Standards (Ind AS), for details, visit the link https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=3562
Important Links
• Details of Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) can be viewed at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=7543
• FAQs issued by the Accounting Standards Board at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=12716
• Ind AS Notifications by Central Government at https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=12125&c_id=420
• Announcements of the Council Regarding Status of Various Documents Issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants
of India at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=3138
• Ind AS Technical Facilitation Group (ITFG) at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=12745
• Support-desk for implementation of Ind AS at
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1_KTFV6gIAFsBSXpyalyb2P2XkOdvGX4Nhc52z8lWhwg/viewform?edit_requested=true&fbzx=-7030280690851222448

Internal Audit 17
The Companies Act, 2013, was enacted on August 30,

2013 which provides for a major overhaul in the corporate
governance norms for all the companies in the country. Apart
from mandatory requirement for internal audit function for
certain classes of companies, the Companies Act, 2013, also
specifically requires Audit Committee or Board to formulate the
scope, functioning, periodicity and methodology for conducting
the internal audit.
Companies going in for tapping the international capital market,

especially, those seeking listing in US stock exchanges,
NASDAQ, NYSE, etc., also need a strong internal audit function
to meet the stringent corporate governance and internal control
requirements of those stock exchanges. In this context, the US
companies, having US public as investor also needs to comply
with the requirements of Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes
Internal Audit
Oxley Act of 2002.
Chartered Accountants conduct the following Internal Audits:
 Financial Audits
 Operational Audits
 Compliance Audits
 Information Systems (IS) Audits
 Investigative Audits
 Management Audit
 Special Reviews
Specific Internal audit activities include
 Internal audit requirements under Companies (Auditor’s

Report) Order, 2016
 Internal audit of Enterprise Risk Management process
 Internal audit of Corporate Governance
 Internal audit of Transactions of Depository Participants
 Internal audit in Banks
 Internal audit of Treasury Operations
 Internal audit of plastic money operations
 Internal audit of Mutual Funds
 Internal audit of compliance with KYC requirements/

Anti-money Laundering policy
 Internal audit in Infrastructure Enterprises
 Internal audit of a Not-for-Profit Organisation
 Risk based Internal Audit

 Internal Audit of Intellectual property  Internal Audit of NBFCs
 Internal audit of Stock and Inventories  Internal Audit of compliance with FEMA laws
 Internal audit of adherence to Competition Law  Internal Audit of compliance with Labour Law
 Internal Audit - Controls due Diligence Reviews  Internal Audit of Financial Instruments.
 Internal Audit of ESOP Transactions
Courses offered
• Certificate/Virtual Course on Concurrent Audit of Banks https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=15225
• Certificate Course on Concurrent Audit of Banks at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=9611
• Certificate Course on internal Audit https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=7606
Important Links
• Details of various certificate courses offered by ICAI can be viewed at
• Standards on Internal Audit Mandatory in Phased Manner can be viewed at

Audit Bureau Of Circulations (ABC AUDIT) 18
Audit Bureau of Circulations is maintaining a panel of auditors

for conducting circulation audit. Chartered Accountants who
are interested in conducting circulation audit (ABC audit) may
contact the Audit Bureau of Circulations.
The ABC founded in 1948 is a not-for-profit, voluntary

organisation consisting of Publishers, Advertisers and
Advertising Agencies. It has done pioneering work in developing
audit procedures to verify the circulation data published by
those newspapers and periodicals which have earned the right
to display its emblem.
ABC is a founder member of the International Federation of

Audit Bureaux of Circulations. The main function of ABC is to
evolve, lay down a standard and uniform procedure by which
Audit Bureau of a member publisher shall compute its net paid sales. The
circulation figure so arrived at is checked and certified by a firm
of Chartered Accountants which are approved by the Bureau.
Circulations The Bureau issues ABC certificates every six months to those
publishers whose circulation figures conform to the rules and
(ABC Audit) regulations as set out by the Bureau.
The panel maintained by the Bureau for Circulation Audits as

may be carried out by their member publications is appointed
by the Council of Management (Board of Directors) of the Audit
Bureau of Circulations (ABC). The Bureau normally follows a
procedure of advertising in Institute’s Journal as and when it
desires to empanel firms of Chartered Accountants across the
cities as per requirement. The remuneration/audit fees as may
be payable by the Publisher is mutually decided between the
auditor and the publisher.
The minimum criteria for selection for empanelment as

exercised by the Council in the earlier years was as under:
 Firm should be a Partnership firm with at least two or

more Partners one of whom should be a FCA.
 Firm should be in operation for a minimum period of last

5 years.
 Firm should have at least three corporate audits i.e.

Statutory/branch audits of public or private sector
companies, branch audits of banks etc.
 Firms having experience in ABC audits will have an

added advantage.
Important Links
• Website of Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC) can be viewed at http://www.auditbureau.org/about-what-is-abc.html
• Empanelled Auditors at Audit Bureau of Circulations can be viewed at http://www.auditbureau.org/empanelled_auditors

19 Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
AUDIT OF MUTUAL FUNDS

The auditor of a Mutual Funds, appointed in terms of
Regulation 55(1) of SEBI (MFs) Regulations shall be a firm,
including a limited liability firm, constituted under the LLP Act,
2008. With respect to appointment of auditors in terms of
Regulation 55(1) of SEBI (MFs) Regulation, 1996, it has been
decided that:
No MF shall appoint an auditor for more than 2 terms of

maximum five consecutive years. Such auditor may be
re-appointed after cooling off period of 5 years.
Further, during the cooling-off period of five years, the

incoming auditor may not include:
 Any firm that has common partner(s) with the outgoing
Securities and
audit firm
 Any associate/affiliate firm(s) of the outgoing audit
Exchange Board
firm which are under the same network of audit firms
wherein the term “same network” includes the firms
operating or functioning, hitherto or in future, under the
same brand name, trade name or common control
of India (SEBI)
Existing auditors may be appointed for a maximum of 10 years
(including all preceding years for which an auditor has been
appointed in terms of Regulation 55(1) of SEBI (Mutual Funds)
Regulation, 1996). In this respect, the following may be noted:
 Auditors who have conducted audit of the Mutual Fund

for less than 9 years (as on date of issuance of this
circular) may continue for the residual period of service.
 Auditors who have conducted audit of the Mutual Fund

for 9 years or more (as on date of issuance of this
circular) may continue for a maximum of 1 year from
date of issuance of this circular.
 Such auditors shall subsequently be eligible for

re-appointment after a cooling-off period of 5 years, in
terms of Para B(2)(i) and Para B(2)(ii) above.
This circular is issued in exercise of powers conferred under

Section 11(1) of the Securities and Exchange Board of India
Act, 1992, read with the provisions of Regulation 77 of SEBI
(Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996, to protect the interests of
investors in securities and to promote the development of, and
to regulate the securities market.
LIMITED REVIEW UNDER CLAUSE 41 OF THE

LISTING AGREEMENT OF SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA
The Securities and Exchange Board of India earlier required
for a half-yearly review of accounts for listed companies to
ensure better compliance and transparency. Effective from

Chap. 19 – Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
the quarter ending on June 30, 2003, SEBI has made an their responsibilities effectively. This has tremendously
amendment to Clause 41 of the Listing Agreement, and made increased the focus on the quality of the audit, approach etc.
it mandatory for all listed companies (including commercial
Entrepreneurial Role: Chartered Accountant from the
banks) to get their quarterly results subjected to “limited
traditional practice have moved into being intermediaries
review” by the auditors of the company (or by a Chartered
in the capital market themselves. New Investment banking
Accountant in the case of public sector undertakings) and
firms, broking entities and the Regulatory environment
a copy of Review Report is required to be submitted to the
has encouraged professionals to be an entrepreneur by
Stock Exchange within two months after the close of the
themselves. With the better understanding of the financial
quarter.
products, Chartered Accountants have become effective
entrepreneurs in wealth distribution, wealth management etc.
FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL MARKETS
Supporting services: More and more service providers
Financial Services is concerned with design and delivery of
like investment bankers and insurance agencies rely on the
advice and financial products to individuals and businesses.
reporting and certifications from the Chartered Accountant in
Economy has largely moved from capital intensive to
discharging their obligations.
knowledge driven spectrum. In a typical capital market
scenario of the financial services sector, Intermediaries, Emerging employment role: Equity sales, research, portfolio
Investors, Issuers, Corporate and Regulatory Authority rely management, media tracker, career in financial advertising
largely on skills of the Chartered Accountants in discharging and televisions, global outsourcing partners are the emerging
their respective obligations to the investors. The entire field employment opportunities for a young chartered accountant
of Financial Services has opened up new avenues for the along with their interest in taxation, audit and controls.
Chartered Accountants to excel in. Financial analyst, media
expert covering the capital markets, financial advertisement, Emerging practice role: The whole approach towards risk
investment advisor, financial services marketing are some of managements, controls changed with the opening up of the
the emerging avenues for the Chartered Accountants to deploy economy. Managements are increasingly providing a better
their skills effectively. budget for risk management and Chartered Accountant plays
an important role as Chief Risk Officer, or Chief Internal
CAPITAL MARKET Control. Knowledge of accounts, accounting finance and
financial analysis and law pertaining to issue of securities
Keeping in view the complications and stiff pulls and pressures with regard to provisions of the Companies Act, Securities
of burgeoning capital markets in India, the skills and expertise Contracts Act, SEBI and RBI also help in achieving excellence
of trained Chartered Accountants are highly relied upon by in execution. In addition, knowledge of the client or the Issuers
the financial services sector, intermediaries, investors, issuers, business helps in profiling and positioning of the business
corporates and even the Regulatory Authority concerned. And to the outside world at large. This is the key ingredient to
now more opportunities await the professionals in the area. any fund raising plan. As an Advisor and Investment Banker,
Chartered Accountants play the following roles in the Capital a Chartered Accountant also helps in formulating financial
Market: strategy to successfully tap the capital markets and ensure
success for the fund raising plan. Putting together an efficient
Advisory role: The advisory role has evolved from being an
capital structure, creating financial model, profiling business
advisor on tax and related matters to positioning the company
promoters and management and advising on valuation are the
amongst the knowledgeable investors, advising the company
other key ingredients for successful entry into capital market.
on the value chain which they need to pursue etc, and
continued feedback on the key acts which the Company must Chartered Accountants can certainly help in all the above
do to sustain its valuation, attract quality investors interest etc. operations and can act as sounding boards to accomplish
this. Chartered Accountants can work as a regulator either
Audit role: Increasing number of instances of fraud and
for Stock Exchange or SEBI. As a regulator, chartered
corrupt practices in public companies, has resulted not only
accountants can be skillfully employed in policymaking,
in depletion of investor’s wealth, but also resulted in loss of
monitoring review, surveillance and investigation.
investor’s confidence. As a regulator of public investments and
finance, SEBI is entrusted with the responsibility to ensure that Role in the IPO Process: To comply with the public issue
the public companies do not defraud and abscond investor’s disclosure norms, SEBI specifies with the issuer company,
wealth. By means of limited reviews, disclosures requirements states and restates financial statements for the last five
and audits, the regulators of companies ensure safety of years of the company going public and Chartered Accountant
investor’s wealth. With the World Company, Dabhol, vanishing must certify all figures and give a comfort letter to the Lead
companies background, the audit role has become increasingly Manager.
more demanding. Independent Directors on the Board of the
Company demands a whole lot of quality inputs to discharge Undertaking Due Diligence: Initial public offerings (IPO)
are often considered to be the ultimate goal for any

entrepreneurial venture. An IPO is offering stock to the public mezzanine capital across a variety of sectors. Deal sizes
on an open market for the first time. Once a company decides have also reached new heights, from sub USD5mn in the
to go public, it needs to pick its IPO team, consisting of the early days to USD50mn and more. A Chartered Accountant
lead investment bank, an accountant and a law firm. The IPO may assist in private equity funding in a number of ways
process officially begins with what is typically called a “kick-off” including:
meeting. All the members of the IPO team plan a time table
 Undertaking an Initial appraisal of Management’s
for going public and assign certain duties to each member.
financing proposition
The independent accountant’s role in the IPO process includes
auditing the financial statements, restating them in compliance  Preparation and advising on Business Plan
of SEBI requirements, resolving accounting issues. Increasing
emphasis is being placed on the scope of “comfort letters”  Business Valuation
which a company’s auditor provides to the underwriters and  Preparing financial model
the company’s board as part of their due diligence.
 Planning the capital/ funding structure
Commentary on accounting policies and problems, improper
revenue recognition, changes merely for the purpose of  Review and appraisal of the terms of deal
inflating profits are a few of the areas where the accountant’s
 Negotiation on terms of deal
insight is sought. In many instances, the financial statements
must also be prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP or a  Project management of transaction
reconciliation between the Indian GAAP and U.S GAAP is
required. In many cases, auditors are required to review and  Advising on the future plans/ exit route etc.
offer comments on consolidated accounts. Accountants can
also leverage their experience during the planning phase PROJECT FINANCING
to help ensure that the company’s house is in order before
A large number of Chartered Accountants in practice are
the IPO process. Accountants play a key role in advising on/
involved in project financing consultancy to their clients
certifying the following:
and liasioning with different financial institutions. Chartered
Compliance with the corporate governance. Promoter ’s Accountants are playing a leading role in the society and
contribution in a project. are considered as finance advisors, who assist their clients
in every field relating to finance, tax, accounts and banking.
Amount deployed/spent on project. Chartered Accountants, who desire to deal in such line of
activity, should know all the financial institutions, which provide
C o n s u l t a n c y o n I n v e s t o r ’s P r o t e c t i o n : C h a r t e r e d
finances.
Accountants can provide the following services:
Corporate Investors – Due Diligence of Investee Companies LOAN SYNDICATION

Individual Investors – Advise Investment options
Corporates require professional competency for performing
Advising on selection of broker/sub-broker quick and hassle free loan syndication services. Finance
champions like Chartered Accountants who have a better
Consultancy on Investment in Primary Market – especially
grip on preparation, understanding, and interpreting financial
Issue Price/price band in IPOs, quality of financial statements.
projections for estimating capital requirements. For this
Consultancy on Investment in Secondary markets, various purpose the Chartered Accountants are required to perform
financial instruments namely derivatives loan syndication related activities. This involves not just acting
as an intermediary between a company and a bank, but an
Risk factors in investment options even broader role of financial statement preparation, review
Legal rights and obligations as investors towards regulators and certification provider if required.
and brokers Redressal of Grievances
AUDIT OF MEMBER OF STOCK EXCHANGE
Resolution in case of disputes as Arbitrator
As per the SEBI Circular No. SMD/SED/0072/92 dated
PRIVATE EQUITY FUNDING December 31, 1992 members of stock exchanges are required
to get their annual accounts audited by Chartered Accountants
Today, the Indian venture capital/private equity industry has within 6 months from the closing of books of account and
developed even further. From funding small start-up ventures submit a copy of the same to stock exchanges within 30
with emphasis only on new age companies, the industry days of the receipt of the audit report. This requirement of
has now matured to cover the entire spectrum of private conduct of annual audit of stock brokers emanates from GOI
equity products – seed funding, expansion capital, buy-out directive No. F.1/5/SE/83 dated May 31, 1984 which enjoins
financing, financing restructuring of companies and providing stock brokers to get their books of account audited by qualified

Chartered Accountants. It is expected that compulsory audit As per the SEBI Circular No. MRD/DMS/Cir-29/2008 dated
of accounts of members of stock exchange would inculcate October 21, 2008, it has been decided that stock brokers/
a sense of financial discipline in the members of stock trading members/clearing members shall carry out complete
exchanges would also lend creditability to their financial internal audit on a half yearly basis by chartered accountants,
statements and would also result in expansion of professional company secretaries or cost and management accountants
opportunities in this area. who are in practice and who do not have any conflict of
interest.
Courses Offered
• Committee on Capital Market and Investors Protection of ICAI is offering a Certificate Course on Forex and Treasury
Management, for details, please visit https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=14516&c_id=445
Important Links
• ICAI has issued Several Publications in the above mentioned areas, for details, please visit
https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=6651
• Details of various Courses Offered can be viewed at https://financialmarket.icai.org/?page_id=1152
• To view the details for empanelment as Financial Education Resource Persons, please visit,
https://www.sebi.gov.in/sebiweb/other/OtherAction.do?doRecognisedFpi=yes&intmId=22

20 World Bank And Royal Audit Of Bhutan
OPPORTUNITIES IN THE WORLD BANK AND

ITS PROJECTS
There are ample opportunities for Chartered Accountants
in the World Bank as Internal Auditors, consultants and as
auditors in World Bank Funded Projects.
The broad eligibility criteria includes firms should have

a standing of at least 10 years and must have at least 4
partners of which all partners should be Fellow Members
of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. The Firm
should be empaneled with the Comptroller and Auditor
General of India and registered with ICAI. Firm should have
average annual turnover of at least INR 50 Lakhs during last
three financial years.
Interested consultants are required to provide information

demonstrating that* they have the required qualifications and
relevant experience to perform the Services. World Bank and
Expression of Interest (EOI) includes:
Royal Audit of
Bhutan
 Introductory letter on letterhead (with complete contact
details – name of the contact person, address,
telephone, fax, email, etc.) with a note on how the
Firm is best to deliver the task.
 Organisation profile
 Number of States in the country in which the Firm

has branches/offices giving the full address of the
branches/ offices.
 Number of qualified staff and their qualifications.
 Details of Internal Audit assignments undertaken

during the last 5 years.
 Details of relevant Audit assignments undertaken for

Public Sector and Government organisations.
 Details of experience in conducting audit of

External funded projects e.g., World Bank, ADB,
etc.
Short note on similar projects implemented by the firm

pertaining to the shortlisting criteria along with the contact
details of the past clients. The EOI should contain sufficient
supporting document to substantiate the claim of the
consultant towards their qualification as per the shortlisting
criteria.
Further, a MoU has been entered with the World Bank by

the Committee for Capacity Building of Members in Practice
of ICAI for the arrangement of Knowledge enhancement
of the Members of ICAI in Procurement Audit & thereof.
This aforesaid arrangement with the World Bank offer

Chap. 20 – World Bank and Royal Audit of Bhutan
procurement training with the Joint Certification basis to ROYAL AUDIT OF BHUTAN
the participants of the training programme. These trainings
are meant to enhance the capacity of ICAI members to Audit Empanelment With Royal Audit Authority
participate in procurement opportunities in Bank funded
Projects for various assignments including external/ Member of ICAI can solicit professional work from Bhutan
internal audits; procurement audits/post reviews, and other Government. He has to empanel with Royal Audit Authority
consultancy assignments for firms and individual members of Bhutan. The empanelment procedure takes place once in
of ICAI. four years.
Important Links
For the professional work available for Chartered Accountants, please visit:
• http://projects.worldbank.org/
• https://wbgeconsult2.worldbank.org/wbgec/index.html
• http://www.bhutanaudit.gov.bt/
• http://www.bhutanaudit.gov.bt/audit-cnt/raa-files/others/Empanelment_firms_Local_India_Sri_Lanka_2018.pdf

21 Knowledge Processing Outsourcing Centers (KPOs)
An evolution of BPO (Business Process Outsourcing),

Knowledge Process Outsourcing (KPO) involves offshoring
of knowledge intensive business processes that require
specialised domain expertise, thus delivering high value to
organisations by providing business expertise rather than
just process expertise. These processes demand advanced
analytical and specialized skill of knowledge workers that
have domain experience to their credit. The opportunities for
professionals are available both as a KPO service provider
as well as services to KPOs.
The requirements for rendering such services would be

maintaining higher quality standards, investment in KPO
infrastructure, lack of talent pool, requirement of higher level
of control, confidentiality and enhanced risk management.
Also it has reduced costs while maintaining the same level
Knowledge
of quality or service. The nature of work requires advanced
analytical and specialized skills.
There are no limitations on location when it comes to

outsourcing, and it can be done in various countries around Processing
Outsourcing
the world. When the practice of outsourcing is conducted
between countries, this is referred to as being offshore
outsourcing.
While outsourcing has traditionally been connected to

countries such as the United States and the United
Centers (KPOs)
Kingdom, it is very likely that companies based in China and
the European Union will begin outsourcing as well. It is very
likely that these companies will begin placing tremendous
demands on their governments to avoid any military conflicts
that may weaken their ability to earn profits.
Given the large talent pool, friendly government policies,

quality IT training and low labour costs, Indian professionals
have an added advantage to form KPOs over the
professionals in other countries. While KPO offers a number
of powerful advantages that professionals will want to take
advantage of, it is not without challenges.
Those who wish to invest in KPO will need to spend

more money on building up the necessary infrastructure.
In addition to this, they will need to deal with finding the
right workers, and confidentiality is an issue that must be
taken seriously as well. The implementation of KPO can
be difficult, and it must be implemented in a professional
services environment.
Any operation that is carried out for KPO must be high in

quality, because the clients can afford to have less than
the very best. Performance issues must be taken into
consideration as well. Even if all these things have been
accomplished successfully, continuous monitoring and
feedback will be needed. Attrition is another important issue.

Chap. 21 – Knowledge Processing Outsourcing Centers (KPOs)
It is critical for companies to be able to retain the employees Research & Development – Research could be through
they hire. web-based market research solutions, secondary
research methods, Government Publications, General
As the BPO and KPO industry has to deal on an
Press, Industry Journals, Trade Associations, Public
international level, it is exposed to international laws and
Company Filings, Investment Brokerages and
regulations characterised by intense litigation.
Information Services, Newsgroups and UseNet. Other
Skills required for Indian chartered accountants: related services could be:
 Knowledge of accounting procedures followed by  Data search and collection

companies in other countries.
 Managing data
 Knowledge of accounting related software like, Quick
 Business Analysis
Books, MYOB, SAGE and other accounting solutions.
These are some software used as per international  Data Analysis
standards.
 Network Management
 Skills in using tax return software i.e. Ultra Tax or Irish
 Business & Market Research
used in preparing Tax Returns and annual accounts
for individuals, corporations or private organizations.  Equity research
 Computer skills  Research on fixed income markets
 High level of conceptualization  Intellectual Property (IP) Research
 Research skills  Legal research
 Comfortable with databases and mathematical orient  Market Analysis
action
 Able to adapt to the latest technology and use of tools Financial Analysis
and software  Forecasting, Budgetary and decision support
As a KPO, professionals can render services in the following  Consolidation and analysis
ways:
 MIS reporting
Finance and accounts – services can be rendered in
areas similar to the following:  Financial planning and analysis
 Accounting and data preparation  Credit rating analysis
 Maintenance of books and records  Examination and interpretation of financial statements
 Accounts receivables  Event analysis
 Debtors management  Risk management
 Accounts payables  Treasury and investment management
 Fixed assets accounting  Financial research and investigations
 Asset accounting management  Investment analysis
 Reconciliations Consulting services

 Expense analysis  Financial modelling
 General Ledger maintenance  Deal profiles
 Payroll management  Verification
 Cash management  Assistance and guidance in transfer of operations
 Internal Financial Reporting  Contribution towards continuous improvement of
 Different types of reports on daily basis processes

Chap. 21 – Knowledge Processing Outsourcing Centers (KPOs)
Services pertaining to legal matters Education and related services – knowledge is power
and is the only thing that increases with giving. Some of
 Advice on the formation of e-Contracts
related services that professionals can contribute in are:
 Legal research
 Education
 Documentation, reviewing documents and agreements,
 Training & Consultancy
litigation matters, reporting requirements (drafting and
reviewing reports required under various laws)
Other services
 Advice on existing and developing legal and regulatory
 Valuation of companies
requirements-domestic and international
 Evaluation of potential Mergers and acquisitions
 Domain name registration
 Preparation of company profiles/reports
 Advice on the risks and liabilities involved in electronic
linkage to third party sites and the formation of third  Transitioning financial information between accounting
party alliances standards
 Regulatory review of Website content  Tracking of stock prices
 Agreements for the licensing of software and  Internal audit

the provision of support services to a licensee in
connection with software licensing  Supporting internal activities
 Transfer pricing
Important Links
• National Association of Software and Service Companies https://www.nasscom.in/
• Department of Information Technology, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology https://meity.gov.in/

Small And Medium Enterprises (SME) Sector 22
Worldwide, the micro and small enterprises (MSEs) have been

accepted as the engine of economic growth and for promoting
equitable development. The MSEs are credited with generating
the highest rates of employment growth and account for a
major share of industrial production and exports. In India, the
MSMEs play a pivotal role in the overall industrial economy of
the country.
In recent years, the MSME sector has consistently registered

higher growth rate compared to the overall industrial sector. The
major advantage of the sector is its employment potential at
low capital cost. The MSME sector falls under the jurisdiction of
the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (Sukshma
Laghu Aur Madhyam Udyam Mantralaya), of the Government
of India.
Small and The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act,
Medium Enterprises
2006 (27 of 2006) came into force from 2nd October, 2006. The
MSMED Act, 2006 provides for facilitating the promotion and
development and enhancing the competitiveness of Micro, Small
(SME) Sector and Medium Enterprises and for matters connected therewith.
The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises have been classified
broadly into two categories:
 Manufacturing; and
 Those engaged in providing/rendering of services.
Both categories of enterprises have been further classified into

micro, small and medium enterprises based on their investment
in plant and machinery (for manufacturing enterprises) or on
equipments (in case of enterprises providing or rendering
services).
Professional opportunities under the Micro, Small and Medium

Enterprises sector:
 Help large scale enterprises form systems to ensure
that they comply with the deadlines for payment of any
goods or services supplied by MSMEs.
 Counselling of MSMEs for the rights and benefits
available to them.
 Advisory role in formation, Registration, taxation and
foreign direct Investment.
 Assistance in compliance with the technicalities laid down
by the MSMED Act 2006 itself like:
a. Classification of industries
b. Registration under the Act
c. Procedure of Filing of Entrepreneurs Memorandum
d. Disclosure Requirement

Chap. 22 – Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) Sector
 MSMEs even though small in size, are an enterprise, their varied knowledge are the ideal person to assist
and a huge list of laws of the country become applicable the MSMEs in this respect.
to them. The entrepreneurs may not necessarily have
 Assistance in obtaining several clearances or permissions
such technical knowledge and expertise to comply with
depending upon the nature of unit and products
the innumerable requirements expected of the MSMEs.
manufactured.
The Chartered Accountants being aptly equipped with
Important Links
• Website related to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) of India at https://msme.gov.in/
• Details of SME Networks can be viewed at http://www.smenetworks.net/
• Website of Federation of Indian Micro & Small and Medium Enterprises (FISME) can be viewed at
http://www.fisme.org.in/; http://laghu-udyog.gov.in/
• Website of Development Commissioner, MSME and Ministry of MSME can be viewed at http://laghu-udyog.gov.in/
• Website of SME Rating Agency can be viewed at https://www.smeraonline.com/

State Co-operatives (Including Co-Operative Banks) 23
ENACTMENT OF MULTI STATE CO-OPERATIVE

SOCIETIES ACT, 2002
Co-operatives is a state subject and all states have
accordingly enacted their own Cooperative Societies Acts
for incorporation, regulation and winding up of co-operative
societies within their territorial jurisdiction. For co-operative
societies working in more than one state, the Multi State Co-
operative Societies Act, 2002 came into force which contains
detailed provisions regarding registration, membership and
management of such societies. As per the provisions of
Section-72 of Multi Co-operative Societies Act, 2002, “A person
shall not be qualified for appointment as an auditor of a multi-
State cooperative society unless he is a Chartered Accountant
within the meaning of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949
(38 of 1949)”.
State Co-operatives Constitution (Ninety Seventh Amendment) Act 2011:

Considering the need for uniformity in co-operative legislation,
(Including the Government of India brought out the Constitution (Ninety

Seventh Amendment) Act 2011 which provides that the
Co-operative Banks)
Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions with
respect to the maintenance of accounts by the co-operative
societies and the auditing of such accounts at least once
in each financial year. Also it provides that the minimum
qualifications and experience of auditors and auditing firms
that shall be eligible for auditing accounts of co-operative
societies has to be laid down by the Legislature of a State.
Due to this, various States have amended their respective
Cooperative Societies Act, to include the provisions as per the
Constitutional Amendment Act.
It is competent for the Co-operative Movement in India to

have professional management, professional Audits and an
independent professional approach with integrity, impartiality
and objectivity in the Co-operative Societies for its stability and
growth. At present, most of the State Co-operative Societies
Acts contain provisions for getting the accounts of co-operative
societies audited by Chartered Accountants.
With the growth of co-operative sector, the areas of

professional work in the multi-state co-operative societies and
state co-operative societies are expected to increase. While
the central registrar appoints auditors for the national level
societies, provisions relating to the appointment of auditors of
state co-operative societies differ from state to state.
Chartered Accountants can render services in the following

areas also: —
 Social audit of specified large co-operatives
 Management/Internal audits
 Determination of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) [for

co-operative banks]

Chap. 23 – State Co-operatives (Including Co-operative Banks)
 Recovery of NPAs  Adequacy of documentation (for financing co-operative/

co-operative banks)
 Reconciliation of control and subsidiary accounts
 Manual preparation (accounts/documentation/materials
 Appraisal of lending (for financing co-operatives/
management)
co-operative banks)
 Revenue/Inspection audits (of co-operative banks).
 End-use monitoring (for financing co-operatives/
co-operative banks)
Important Links
• Committee for Co-operatives and NPO Sectors of ICAI is offering a Certificate Course on Cooperatives, for details, please
visit https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=3581&c_id=81

Other Laws 24
1. FOREIGN EXCHANGE MANAGEMENT ACT, 1999

The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 extends to
the whole of India. The Act also applies to all branches,
offices and agencies outside India owned or controlled by a
person resident in India and also to any contravention there
under committed outside India by any person to whom this
Act applies. With the advent of FEMA, the entire focus of the
government of India and the Reserve Bank of India shifted to
control and management of foreign investments and flow of
funds to suit the best interests of the country. Though there is
almost complete convertibility on Current Account Transactions
except few prohibited/restricted items under the Current Account
Regulations, the Reserve Bank of India has been consciously
regulating the flow of Capital Account Transactions (both
inbound as well as outbound) on real time basis to meet the
goals of canalizing investment towards desired sectors of the
Other Laws economy and simultaneously addressing issue of the national
security.
Professional opportunities in this area include:
Consultancy on compliances under FEMA rules and

regulations
Representation before Authorities under the provisions
of section 32 of FEMA a person preferring an appeal to
the Appellate Tribunal may take the assistance of a legal
practitioner or a Chartered Accountant of his choice to present
his case before the Appellate Tribunal or the Special Director
(Appeals), as the case may be. Further the Central Government
may authorize one or more legal practitioners or a Chartered
Accountants or any of its officers to act as presenting officers
and every person so authorized may present the case with
respect to any appeal before the Appellate Tribunal or the
Special Director (Appeals), as may be.
Forms & Certification under FEMA include:
 Notification No. FEMA 20(R)/2017-RB dated November

07, 2017.
 Notification No. FEMA 120/RB-2004 dated July 7, 2004
 Notification No. FEMA 10 (R)/2015-RB dated January

21, 2016.
 Notification No. FEMA 13 (R)/2016-RB dated April 01,

2016.
 Notification No. FEMA 22(R)/RB-2016 dated March 31,

2016.
 Notification No. FEMA 19/RB -2000 dated 3rd May 2000.
 Notification No. FEMA 20/2000-RB dated May 3, 2000.
 Return to be filed by Issuer/Transferor who has arranged

issue/transfer of Depository Receipts (Form DRR).

Chap. 24 – Other Laws
 Liaison Offices and Branch offices should submit Annual Valuation of shares in certain cases.
Activity Certificates from Chartered Accountants.
Assistance to Non Resident Indians who have or intend to have
 ECB 2-Reporting of actual transactions of External investments in India
Commercial Borrowings (ECB) under Foreign Exchange
Assistance to Non-residents who intend to set up business in
Management Act, 1999 (for all categories and any
India
amount of loan).
Assistance to Non Residents returning back to India
 Form 83–Reporting of loan agreement details under
Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999. Assistance to Emigrating Indian or new NRI
 Certificate to be submitted along with Form FC-TRS
Declaration regarding transfer of shares/compulsorily
2. FOREIGN CONTRIBUTION (REGULATION)
and mandatorily convertible preference shares (CMCPS)/
ACT, 2010
debentures/others by way of sale from resident to non Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 2010 (FCRA, 2010)
resident/non-resident to resident. is a consolidated legislation; to regulate the acceptance and
utilisation of foreign contribution or foreign hospitality by
 Certificate from Chartered Accountant certifying the
certain individuals or associations or companies and to prohibit
net owned funds as on the date of application and
acceptance and utilisation of foreign contribution or foreign
calculation thereof to be enclosed along with application
hospitality for any activities detrimental to the national interest
form for FFMC license under section 10(1) of FEMA,
and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. The
1999.
Act provides to correct the shortfalls in the predecessor act of
 A certificate from a Chartered Accountant showing 1976. The flow of foreign contribution to India is henceforth
how the remittable amount has been arrived at and regulated under this Act, Rules and other notification/orders
that all liabilities of the estate in India have been met etc., issued there under, as available at the website “fcra.online.
or adequately provided for, is to be submitted along nic.in”. The individuals or HUFs or associations or companies
with application for remittance of legacies, bequests or receiving foreign contribution are required to exercise extreme
inheritances to beneficiaries resident outside India. care and caution while dealing with foreign contribution from the
time of its receipt to its final utilization.
 Return to be filed by an Indian company who has
arranged issue of GDR/ADR is required to be certified An association permitted to accept foreign contribution is
by a Chartered Accountant. required under law to maintain separate set of accounts
and records exclusively for the foreign contribution received
 Repatriation of current income like rent, dividend,
and submit an annual return, duly certified by a Chartered
pension, interest, etc. of Non-Resident Indians who do
Accountant, giving details of the receipt and purpose-wise
not maintain an NRO account in India will be allowed
utilization of the foreign contribution duly accompanied with
based on certification by a Chartered Accountant,
scanned copies of income and expenditure statement, balance
certifying that the amount proposed to be remitted is
sheet and statement of receipt and payment, which is certified
eligible for remittance and that applicable taxes have
by a Chartered Accountant. Submission of a ‘NIL’ return, even
been paid or provided for. (Master Circular No. 04/2009-
if there is no receipt/utilization of foreign contribution during
10 dated July 1, 2009 on Remittance Facilities for
the year, is mandatory. However, in such case, certificate from
Non-Resident Indians/Persons of Indian Origin/Foreign
Chartered Accountant, audited statement of accounts is not
Nationals).
required to be uploaded.
Consultancy with regard to realization and repatriation of foreign
As Chartered Accountants audit the accounts of the
exchange.
associations and certify the accounts before submission to
Taxation aspects. the Government, they are required to provide proper guidance
to the associations who are either applying for grant of
Applications to RBI. prior permission/registration or who have been granted prior
Foreign exchange derivative contracts. permission/registration under FCRA, 2010.
Obtaining Government Approval wherever required. Chartered Accountants may provide assistance to the
associations in the following areas:
Adherence to compliances in matters of borrowing and lending
in foreign exchange, if permitted by RBI.  Verify, whether the associations are eligible to receive
foreign contribution.
Consultancy on Issue of Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds
(FCCBs), American Depository Receipt (ADRs), Global  Guide the applicant organization in submission of
Depository Receipt (GDRs) etc. application for registration/prior permission.

 Ensure that the association receives and utilizes  Logistics

the foreign contributions through its bank account
 Export-Import Finance and benefits from Government
exclusively opened for the purpose in accordance with
Schemes and Programmes
the provisions of FCRA, 2010 and FCRR, 2011 and that
foreign contribution is not deposited or utilised from the  Export-Import legal matters
bank account being used for domestic funds.
 Getting Foreign Investment and related matters like
 Assist in the proper maintenance of prescribed books Setting up of Business Operations in India including
of accounts in accordance with the provisions of FCRA, Liaison Office, Branch Office, Subsidiary Company, Joint
2010 and FCRR, 2011. Ventures,
 Ensure that the annual returns of an association have  Approval of Investments from RBI/FIPB/Ministries,
been prepared in accordance with the provisions of
FCRA, 2010 and FCRR, 2011.  Quality certification for Foreign Companies exporting to
India (as required under BIS regulations),
Export Import Trade/Customs Valuation  Domestic operations & Incorporations like formation of
Opportunities for professionals occur in the area of business companies in India & related issues with RoC, RBI
advisory to their existing clients and new clients who are  Other Government departments, Registrations with
looking for international opportunities to effect the transition from DGFT(IEC), EPC(RCMC), Industry Ministry (IEM),
domestic trade to foreign trade. Income tax (PAN), Sales tax, Excise, Representation
Some of the services have been enumerated as under: of Cases Before Central Excise Appellate Authorities,
Customs Authorities, Fixation of/Brand Rates for
 Advisory on Foreign Trade Policy and Procedures Drawback, Rebate/Refund of Central Excise Duties,
Customs Duties etc.
 Compliance with Foreign Trade Procedures
 Application and Issuance of DEPB, DFRC, Advance
 Setting up 100% EOU/STP/EHTP/BTP/SEZ units
Licence, EPCG Licence, Duty Drawback, Deemed Export
 Assistance in fulfilling the regulatory and licensing Benefits
requirements
 Representation and Liaison
 Obtaining government clearances
 With DGFT, RBI and Ministries for import-export
 Liasioning across related government agencies licenses & other matters,
 Documentation  For Foreign companies/NRIs/OCBs in India, Indian

Investments Abroad, OCBs etc.
 Risk assessment
 Technical Advisory to Government bodies and Policy
 Ensuring compliance of various national rules and makers on Policy Formulation
regulations
 Planning, strategising and implementation for clearances
 Judicious management of finance, credit and security of Project Imports, Plant Relocations, Restricted Items
 Analysis of business operations and facilitation services Imports
 Formation of a company/subsidiary of a foreign company Agreements On Customs Valuation

 Development of strategies and implementation plans  Representing the corporate and non-corporate clients
according to the specific needs of the clients before customs and subsequent statutory authorities.
 Consulting, documentation and facilitation for  Helping the Customs Department in correct assessment
 Taxation of valuation aspect of Imported goods
 Accounting and auditing services 3. COMPETITION ACT, 2002

 Exports and imports for Export-Import Policy Services that may be rendered by the professionals in the field
of Competition law are categorized into those arising under
 Licences
Section 35 & 53S of Indian Competition Act, 2002 and those
 Incentives arising in the industry to ensure adherence to competition law/
policy.

Appearance Before Commission Professional Opportunities Under The Consumer

Protection Laws
In terms of the provision of Section 35, a complainant or
defendant or the Director General may either appear in person  Advice on whether complaint can be filed under The
or authorise one or more Chartered Accountants or company Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
secretaries or cost accountants or legal practitioners or any
 Assistance in drafting a complaint under the Consumer
of his or its officers to present his or its case before the
Protection Act, 1986 along with documents in support of
Commission
the allegations.
Appearance Before Appellate Tribunal  Assistance in technicalities with respect to complaint –
for e.g. Amount of fees, time limit etc.
In terms of the provisions of Section 53S, a person preferring
an appeal to the Appellate Tribunal may either appear in person  Ascertaining the pecuniary and territorial jurisdiction of
or authorize one or more chartered accountants or company the Consumer Courts.
secretaries or cost accountants or legal practitioners or any of its
officers to present his or its case before the Appellate Tribunal Trade Remedy Measures (Anti-Dumping,
The Central Government or a State Government or a local
Anti-Subsidy And Safeguard Duties)
authority or any enterprise preferring an appeal to the Appellate Application and imposition of these measures has a huge
Tribunal may authorize one or more chartered accountants or impact on the traders, exporters and importers operating in
company secretaries or cost accountants or legal practitioners International market. The practice areas in this field are mainly
or any of its officers to act as presenting officers and every related to advisory, consultancy, preparation and representation
person so authorized may present the case with respect to any for and on behalf of individuals and bodies involved in
appeal before the Appellate Tribunal. International Trade.
The Commission may authorize one or more chartered
accountants or company secretaries or cost accountants or Professional Opportunities
legal practitioners or any of its officers to act as presenting
officers and every person so authorized may present the case A. Anti-Dumping Duties
with respect to any appeal before the Appellate Tribunal.  Preparation and execution of a well-organized business
plan
Opportunities Arising In Industry To Ensure
Adherence To Competition Law/Policy  Strategic planning, market research for domestic and
international markets to avoid anti-dumping problems
Chartered Accountants may:
 Analysis of substantive injury to the industry
 Provide advisory and consultancy Services to the
enterprises  Analysis of various indices affecting the industry
 Draft anti-competitive agreements  Assistance in Dumping calculations, injury studies,

verification, expert evidence at hearings etc.
 Compliance of competition law audit
 Preparing Price and Adjustment Data
 Work as Expert for Commission under Section 17
 Analyzing Cost of Production
4. CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT, 1986  Assisting at Verification and Public Hearings
The Consumer Protection Act, 1986, was enacted to provide  Assessing the Strategic and Commercial Implication of
for better protection of the interests of consumers and for that Trade Actions
purpose to make provision for the establishment of consumer
councils and other authorities for the settlement of consum¬ers’  Providing detailed reviews of dumping calculation or
disputes and for matters connected therewith. injury analysis disclosures
The Act applies to all goods and services, excluding goods  Assistance in preparing defence strategies in anti-
for resale or for commercial purpose and services rendered dumping investigation
free of charge and under a contract for personal service. The
 Negotiations for price undertakings, cost records and
provisions of the Act are compensatory in nature.
financial implications etc. in the matter of initiation of
It covers public, private, joint and cooperative sectors. The Act the case or in the defence of a case initiated and on
enshrines the rights of the consumer such as right to safety, participating in the proceedings and minimizing the
right to be informed, right to be heard, and right to choose, right liabilities, both prior to and after the initiation of the
to seek redressal and right to consumer education. formal proceedings.

 International pricing analysis RTI Act came into force on the 12th October, 2005. The Act
gives right to access information held by “public authorities”.
 Detailed cost accounting analysis It covers all the constitutional authorities, including executive,
 Large-scale database analysis legislature and judiciary; any institution or body established or
constituted by an act of Parliament or a state legislature. It is
 Price monitoring analysis also defined in the Act that bodies or authorities established or
constituted by order or notification of appropriate government
 Competitive industry analysis
including bodies “owned, controlled or substantially financed”
 Statistical analysis by government, or non-Government organizations “substantially
financed, directly or indirectly by funds”.
 Expert financial analysis and testimony before the
Department of Commerce Professional opportunities for Chartered Accountants in this
area include:
B. Anti-Subsidy Duties
 Maintenance of records (Section 4(1)(a))
 Analyzing the counter availability of a foreign
 Preparation of details of publication (Section 4(1)(b))
Government’s subsidising exports
 Audit on compliance of legal issues
 Examining the legal and economic aspects of various
subsidy programmes which are actionable under the  Establishing internal controls
W.T.O agreements on subsidies.
 Monitoring and sending progress reports at regular
 Preparing comprehensive financial and substantive intervals
representations for the defence and/or initiation of a case
 Assistance in filing Application and Appeals.
C. Safeguard Duties
7. RECOVERY OF DEBTS DUE TO BANKS AND
 Safeguard duties are temporary measures in defence of FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS ACT, 1993
the domestic industry which is injured or has potential
threat of injury due to sudden surge in imports. Banks and financial institutions have been experiencing
considerable difficulties in recovering loans and enforcement
 To formulate a complete strategy, carry out market of securities charged with them. The procedure for recovery
research and prepare a comprehensive report for of debts due to the banks and financial institutions, which is
initiation and/or defence of a Safeguard Duty case. being followed, has resulted in a significant portion of the funds
being blocked. The Committee on the Financial System has
5. DISPUTE SETTLEMENT PROCEEDINGS considered the setting up of the Special Tribunals with special
powers for adjudication of such matters and speedy recovery
 Assessing WTO consistency of trade barriers
which is critical to the successful implementation of the financial
 Preparation of arguments and evidence for WTO dispute sector reforms.
settlement proceedings
An urgent need was, therefore, felt to work out a suitable
 Advice and strategies for multilateral and bilateral trade mechanism through which the dues to the banks and financial
negotiations institutions could be realised. In 1981 a committee had
examined the legal and other difficulties faced by banks and
 Providing expert analysis and opinions financial institutions and suggested remedial measures including
 Providing realistic assessments on whether measures changes in law. This committee also suggested setting up of
can be challenged in the WTO. Special Tribunals for recovery of dues of the banks and financial
institutions by following a summary procedure.
 Preparing and presenting evidence before anti-dumping
administrations or in WTO disputes. Keeping in view the recommendations of the above
Committees, the Recovery of Debts due to Bank and Financial
6. RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT 2005 Institutions Bill, 1993 was introduced in the Parliament.
The Right to information Act to provide for setting out the 8. LABOUR LAWS
practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure
access to information under the control of public authorities, At present, there are 44 labour related statutes enacted by the
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the Central Government dealing with minimum wages, accidental
working of every public authority, the constitution of a Central and social security benefits, occupational safety and health,
Information Commission and State Information Commissions conditions of employment, disciplinary action, formation of trade
and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. The unions, industrial relations, etc.

The list of Central Acts is given below. The State Governments  The Building and Other Construction Workers Cess Act,
are also empowered to enact legislations, as labour is a subject 1996 28. The Apprentices Act, 1961
in the concurrent list under the Constitution of India.
 The Factories Act, 1948
LIST OF CENTRAL ACTS  The Motor Transport Act, 1961
(https://labour.gov.in/list-enactments-ministry)  The Personal Injuries (Compensation Insurance) Act,

1963
 The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948
 The Personal Injuries (Emergency Provisions) Act, 1962
 The Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous
Provisions Act, 1952  The Plantation Labour Act, 1951
 The Dock Workers (Safety, Health and Welfare) Act,  The Sales Promotion Employees (Conditions of Service)
1986 Act, 1976
 The Mines Act, 1952  The Trade Unions Act, 1926
 The Iron Ore Mines, Manganese are Mines and Chrome  The Weekly Holidays Act, 1942
are Mines Labour Welfare (Cess) Act, 1976
 The Working Journalists and Other Newspapers
 The Iron Ore Mines, Manganese are Mines and Chrome Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous
are Mines Labour Welfare Fund Act, 1976 Provisions Act, 1955
 The Mica Mines Labour Welfare Fund Act, 1946  The Children’s (Pledging of Labour) Act, 1938
 The Beedi Workers Welfare Cess Act, 1976  The Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923 (now renamed
as the Employees Compensation Act, 1923)
 The Limestone and Dolomite Mines Labour Welfare Fund
Act, 1972  The Employment Exchange (Compulsory Notification of
Vacancies) Act, 1959
 The Cine Workers Welfare (Cess) Act, 1981
 The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976
 The Beedi Workers Welfare Fund Act, 1976
 The Beedi and Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment)
 The Cine Workers Welfare Fund Act, 1981 Act, 1966
 The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986  The Employees Liability Act, 1938
 The Building and Other Constructions Workers’  The Unorganized Workers Social Security Act, 2008
(Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service)
Act, 1996 The objective of Labour Law Audit is to identify areas of non-
compliance and offer recommendations to facilitate continuous
 The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 improvement and compliance.
 The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
The purview of such audit will be as follows:
 The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947
 To check compliance with the prevailing local Labour and
 The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946 Industrial Laws. This would cover a broad spectrum of
workplace issues including child labour, contract labour,
 The Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of
women’s rights, harassment and abuse, wage and
Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979
overtime violations and health and safety hazards.
 The Labour Laws (Exemption from Furnishing Retu rns
 Examine compliance with the laid down policies and
and Maintaining Registers by Certain Establishments)
procedures of the Company.
Act, 1988.
 The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 9. ENERGY AUDIT

 The Minimum Wages Act, 1948 Chartered Accountants can play a very important role as energy
auditor. The function of an energy auditor could be compared
 The Payment of Bonus Act, 1965
with that of a financial auditor. At the moment, while energy
 The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 auditor is not yet a mandatory requirement on an all-India basis,
the financial auditor is a pre-requisite for any organisation. The
 The Payment of Wages Act, 1936
energy auditor is normally expected to give recommendations
 The Cine Workers and Cinema Theatre Workers on efficiency improvements leading to monetary benefits
(Regulation of Employment) Act, 1981 and also advise on energy management issues. Generally,

energy auditor for the industry is an external party. Chartered Some of the key roles that a Chartered Accountant can play
Accountants as energy auditor can quantify energy costs and include:
quantities, correlate trends of production or activity to energy
 Specialized guidance in designing Code of Corporate
costs, devise energy database formats to ensure they depict
Governance
the correct picture-by production, department, consumer etc.,
advise and check the compliance of the organisation for policy  Specialized guidance in designing Risk Management
and regulation aspects, highlight areas that need attention for Framework
detailed investigations, conduct preliminary and detailed energy
audits which should normally include the following:  Specialized guidance in designing Internal control
framework
 Data collection and analysis
 Specialized guidance in designing whistle blower
 Measurements, mass and energy balances policy
 Reviewing energy procurement practices  Internal Audit of Code of Corporate Governance, Risk
Management Framework, Internal control framework,
 Identification of energy efficiency projects and techno-
Whistle blower policy
economic evaluation
 Compliance of Internal Audit of clause 49
 Establishing action plan including energy saving targets,
staffing requirements, implementation time requirements,  Statutory auditor’s Certificate regarding compliance of
procurement issues, details and cost estimates conditions of corporate governance as stipulated in sub-
clause VII(1) of clause 49
 Recommendations on goal setting for energy saving,
record keeping, reporting and energy accounting,  Management Audit pertaining to various regulatory,
organisation requirements, communications and public statutory or listing requirements (Item 15 of Annex. 1A
relations of clause 49)
10. ROLE OF CA’S IN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  Effective role as chairman of audit committee
Corporate Governance can generally be understood to be  Effective role as independent director [clause 49 I(A)(iii)
a systematic process by which companies are directed and meeting (a-f) criteria]
controlled to ensure that they are managed in the manner that  Assessment of internal control function under clause 49
meets stakeholders’ aspirations and societal expectation. This V-CEO/CFO Certification.
leads to the corporate governance philosophies of: Trusteeship;
Transparency; Empowerment & Accountability; Control and As a consultant giving specialized guidance to the management,
Ethical Corporate behavior. It is hence a powerful engine for regular and speedy updates on all applicable provisions,
social and economic transformation. It is a system of making evaluating future growth potential and in taking proactive actions
management accountable to the shareholders for effective in the interests of the company.
management of the companies, in the interest of the company
and also with adequate concern for ethics and values.
Other Important Links

• Govt. of India Directory - http://goidirectory.nic.in/index.php
• Ministry of Finance- http://commerce.gov.in/
• Central Board of Excise & Customs- http://www.cbic.gov.in/
• Ministry of Commerce- http://www.cbic.gov.in/
• Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)- https://www.cii.in/
• Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce& Industry (FICCI)- http://ficci.in/
• The Associated Chambers of Commerce & Industry(ASOCHAM)- http://www.assocham.org/
• World Trade Organisation- https://www.wto.org/
• Safeguard Measures – World Trade Organisation- https://www.wto.org/
• The World Bank- http://www.worldbank.org/
• Asian Development Bank- https://www.adb.org/

25 Opportunities Available At ICAI
1. FINANCIAL REPORTING REVIEW BOARD
Empanelment As A Technical Reviewer At Financial

Reporting Review Board
To improve the financial reporting practices in the country, the
ICAI has constituted Financial Reporting Review Board (FRRB).
The Board reviews the General Purpose Financial statements
of enterprises with a view to determine compliance with the
reporting requirements of various applicable statutes, accounting
standards and standards on auditing.
The objectives of the FRRB are achieved through a systematic

process of review, which include preliminary review of general
purpose financial statements by Technical Reviewers.
Eligibility Criteria To Be Empanelled As Technical

Reviewers
1. Possess at least ten years’ experience of audit and
Opportunities
2. Be currently active in the practice of accounting and available at ICAI
auditing
The members of the Institute who are having comparable

experience in industry are also eligible for empanelment on the
panel of Technical Reviewers.
It may be noted that the Board empanels selected members

possessing outstanding expertise and having extensive
experience in the area of accounting and auditing. Accordingly,
meeting the eligibility criteria does not ensure empanelment
on the Board. The Board reserves the right to accept an
application, based on the merits of each case.
How To Register
The members may fill the online ‘Application Form for
Empanelment as a Technical Reviewer’ which is available on
the website of the Institute at
http://eforms.icai.org/icaionlineform/frmfrbb.aspx.
Further, after filling the Form online, a duly signed hard copy
of the same may be send to the undersigned at the address
mentioned therein.
Scale Of Honorarium
There is a provision for payment of an honorarium of ` 10,000/-
as well as 3 CPE Hours per annual report reviewed.
2. QUALITY REVIEW BOARD
Engagement Of Technical Reviewers Quality Review

Board
Government of India has in exercise of the powers conferred
under Section 28A of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949,

Chap. 25 – Opportunities available at ICAI
constituted a Quality Review Board (the ‘Board’) to recommend 3. PEER REVIEWER

to the Council, review and guide the members regarding the
quality of services provided by the members of the Institute Engagement As Peer Reviewer
including audit services as per Section 28B of the Chartered
Accountants Act, 1949. The Board in order to discharge its Peer Review entails a review of attestation engagement records
functions has issued the ‘Procedure for Quality Review of Audit and related financial and other statements to ascertain that the
Services of Audit Firms’ (the ‘Procedure’). Practice Unit is adhering to Technical Standards already issued
by the Institute. The main objective of Peer Review is to ensure
In terms of the aforesaid Procedure, since FY 2012-13 the that in carrying out the assurance service assignments, the
Board has initiated a system of review of statutory audit members of the Institute (a) comply with Technical, Professional
services of the audit firms, selection of Audit firms for review and Ethical Standards as applicable including other regulatory
and engagement of Technical Reviewers (TRs). requirements thereto and (b) have in place proper systems
including documentation thereof, to amply demonstrate the
Eligibility Criteria To Be Empanelled As Technical quality of the assurance services. The Statement on Peer
Reviewers Review was released to meet the demands of high quality
assurance, consistency and greater transparency. The purpose
The Board has specified the following basic criteria for
of the Peer Review statement is to provide a framework for,
empanelment of Technical Reviewers:-
planning, performing, reporting and administration of the Peer
 You should have minimum fifteen years of post- Review process.
qualification experience as a chartered accountant and
be currently active in the practice of accounting and Eligibility Criteria To Be Peer Reviewer
auditing;
The nature and complexity of peer review require the exercise
 You should have handled as a signing partner/proprietor of professional judgment. Accordingly, an individual serving as
at least three statutory audit assignments as a Central a reviewer shall:
Statutory Auditor of Banks/Public Limited Companies/
(a) be a member;
Government Companies/Private Limited Companies
having annual turnover of rupees fifty crore and above (b) possess at least ten years’ experience of audit;
during the last ten financial years; Provided that out of
the aforesaid three statutory audit assignments, at least (c) be currently active in the practice of assurance service
one must be in respect of entities other than Private engagements; and
Limited Companies; (d) be free from any obligation or conflict or interest in the
 You should not have any disciplinary proceeding under reviewed firm or its partners or personnel.
the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 pending against For allotment of review work, a reviewer:-
you or any disciplinary action under the Chartered
Accountants Act, 1949 / penal action under any other (a) should have undergone the requisite training imparted
law taken/pending against you during last three financial by the Board;
years and/or thereafter.
(b) should have conducted audit of Level I Entities for at
 You should not currently be a Member of the QRB Board least 7 years to be eligible for conducting Peer Review
or ICAI’s Central Council/Regional Council/Branch level of Level I Entities as referred to in Para II of the
Management Committee. Statement on Peer Review.
 Currently, more than 100 Chartered Accountants are (c) should have furnished a declaration to the following
already empanelled as Technical Reviewers with the effect: -
Quality Review Board.
(i) that no disciplinary action is pending against him.
How To Register (ii) that he has not been convicted by a Competent

Court whether within or outside India, of an offence
For empanelment the eligible member can fill the online
involving moral turpitude and punishable with
form available at QRB website http://www.qrbca.in/ for the
transportation or imprisonment.
consideration of the Board.
(iii) that he is free from any obligation or conflict or
Scale Of Honorarium interest in the reviewed firm or its partners or
personnel; and
` 1.25 lacs - ` 1.5 lakh is being paid as honorarium for each
review depending upon the nature of work involved. (d) should have signed the Statement of Confidentiality.

A Reviewer shall not accept any professional assignment from  Review of Study Material - ` 100 per page and ` 150
the Practice Unit for a period of two years from the date of per page of addition suggested.
appointment.
 Faculty in GMCS classes and Orientation Programmes
- ` 750 to ` 1500 per 90 minutes.
Scale of reimbursement
In exercise of power vested in the Peer Review Board by the 5. EXAMINATION COMMITTEE
Statement on Peer Review, the Board hereby notifies that the
cost of Peer Review for Stages-I, II, III, including honorarium Exam Paper Setting
and TA/DA for reviewer and his qualified assistant, shall be as
under: ICAI also empanels Chartered Accountants for Exam Paper
setters at all levels.
Total Revenue from Attestation service clients of practice unit
(Per Annum) Cost Experience: An examiner who has a consistent good track
record for more than 5 years is invited to take up the
Amt. in ` assignment.
Less than ` 10 lacs p.a. 15,000 Remuneration

From ` 10 lacs to 50 Lacs p.a. 25,000
CA Final Exam
From ` 50 lacs to 1 crore p.a 40,000
From ` 1 crore to 3 crore p.a. 60,000 Paper-Setters ` 22,000/-
From ` 3 crore to 5 crore p.a. 75,000 Moderators ` 30,000/-
Above ` 5 crore p.a. 1,00,000

CA Inter Exam
The cost of Peer Review is to be calculated on the basis of Paper-Setters (2, 3 & 6) ` 15,000/-
average revenue earned by the Practice Unit during the period
of review at all its units i.e., Head Office and Branches. The (1 & 5) ` 18,000/-
average revenue from assurance services will determine the (4A, 4B, 7A & 7B) ` 9,000/-
cost of peer review as per the table above. Peer Review is a
one-time procedure for the period covered under review and Moderator (Full Paper) ` 25,000/-
therefore the fees payable for the services is a one-time fees
Moderator (Half Paper) ` 15,000/-
payable for the review. Consolidated Cost of Peer Review is
paid by the Practicing Unit to the reviewer for the total period
reviewed and not for the per year basis. In this regard, it may CA Foundation Exam :
also be clarified that the total revenue from the assurance
Paper-Setters (1 & 2) ` 12,000/-
services for the three financial shall be clubbed and average
of the same would be taken to arrive at the fee payable which (3 & 45) ` 150/- (per question)
shall be payable as per the notification.
Moderator (1 & 2) ` 15,000/-
For empanelment please visit
(3 & 45) ` 12,000/-
https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=1704
4. BOARD OF STUDIES Exam Paper Evaluation

The services of Chartered Accountants are also utilized by ICAI
Opportunities In Board Of Studies as Evaluators for the Exam Papers with following terms and
 Visiting faculty in IT labs run by Board of Studies. conditions:
 Video lecturing to Students of CPT, Inter and Final –  Chartered Accountants with a minimum of four years
` 4000-` 6000 per hour. standing in practice or in service are eligible.
 Articles in ICAI Journal - ` 5,000 per published article.  University Lecturers/Professors with a minimum of five
years teaching experience are eligible.
 Articles in Students Newsletter - ` 2,500 per published
article.  ICWA, ACS, M.Com, Post Graduates in Economics or
Law, Lawyers, IT Professionals, MBA (Finance) and other
 Review of article to be published in Students’ Newsletter professionals with at least five years’ experience, either
- ` 1000.

in academic position or in practice or in employment To register, please visit http://examinerspanel.icaiexam.icai.org/

are eligible to apply. Those with work experience
having direct relevance to the aforesaid subjects(s) of 6. TAX AUDIT REVIEW BOARD
examination(s) will be preferred.
Technical Reviewer (For Tax Audit Review Board)
 Persons above 65 years of age are not eligible.
The Institute has constituted the Taxation Audits Quality Review
 Persons who are visually impaired or suffer from such
Board in the year 2018 with an objective to review any report
other physically disability that might necessitate taking
prescribed under the Income-tax Act, 1961 and Rules framed
the assistance of any other person for evaluation of
thereunder and any report prescribed under the Indirect Tax
answer books are not eligible.
Laws including GST Law which are certified by a Chartered
 Persons who are undergoing CA Course of the Institute Accountant with a view to determine, to the extent possible,
are not eligible. compliance with the reporting requirements prescribed under
the respective Acts and related Rules and pronouncements,
 Persons whose applications were rejected earlier from guidance notes issued, if any, by ICAI in respect of the same.
the Panel are eligible to apply again after a gap of To conduct the detailed reviews, the Board is in the process of
1 year from the date of rejection. Empanelling Technical Reviewers having expertise in taxation
 Those who are already empanelled with ICAI as (both direct as well as indirect). For empanelling as a Technical
examiners and have not been rested/removed need not Reviewer with TAQRB, a member needs to satisfy the following
apply. Their candidature will be considered in the normal conditions:
course, at the appropriate time. (a) Possess at least ten years’ Post Qualification experience
 Persons associated with the coaching activities are not in the practice of taxation (Direct and/or Indirect); and
eligible. Those who have ceased to be associated with (b) Be currently active in the practice of taxation.
the coaching activity are permitted to apply after a gap
of 5 years. By becoming a Technical Reviewer one gets the inherent
advantage of furthering one’s own technical knowledge in the
 An applicant for empanelment is required to appear and field of Taxation. A technical Reviewer is entitled to receive an
pass an on-line test in the subject of his choice, answer honorarium of ` 10,000/- per report reviewed. In case, you are
books of which he would like to evaluate, before being meeting the minimum requirements as mentioned above we
empanelled. request you to fill the online application form at
The prescribed Remuneration at each level is as below: http://eforms.icai.org/icaionlineform/frmtaxaudit.aspx
Final
7. OTHER OPPORTUNITIES IN ICAI
Physical answer books 160/-
 One can act as Resource Person in Study Groups.
Digital/Central Evaluation 190/-
 Faculty in in-house Executive Development Programmes.
Intermediate (Full paper)
 For contribution on Technical Publications on varied
Physical answer books 125/- subjects – ` 25,000 to ` 60,000.
Digital/Central Evaluation 150/-  Faculty in Certificate courses and PQ courses conducted
Intermediate (Half paper) by ICAI, ` 1,000-` 3,000 per hour. one can act as Paper
Setter and Examiner in the examinations conducted
arising out of above PQ and Certificate Courses –
Digital/Central Evaluation 100/- Honorarium ranges around ` 6000 to ` 1000 for paper
setting, ` 50-100 for examinership.
Foundation

26 ICAI’s Support To Members
ICAI supports its Members & Students with various tool kits for
the effective management of their Offices, Auditing Tools for
managing their Practices and knowledge updation kits.
OFFICE MANAGEMENT
E-Learning Modules - Infosys Finacle

To set up a benchmark in Bank Audits, the technical expertise
of Finacle, Infosys have been utilised wherein they have
provided 7 E-Learning Modules (in 12 videos of 120 minutes
duration) on Finacle customised for Bank Audit for CAs. The
above Self E-learning Modules are being made available
online to the members for a period of one year.
‘Tax Cloud’ Software

A web based ITR & TDS Return Preparation: An arrangement
of the Committee for Capacity Building of Members in Practice.
ICAI’s Support
The Committee for Capacity Building of Members in Practice to Members
(CCBMP) of the ICAI has arranged the ‘Tax Cloud’ software
on Web based ITR & TDS Return Preparation for Practising
Chartered Accountants & CA Firms of ICAI. The aforesaid
software is free of cost for 2 financial years to the Practitioners
& CA Firms.
Please visit the website https://taxcloudindia.com/ for web

based IT return & e-TDS return.
Antivirus Software At Special Price For Members &

Students of ICAI
In order to enable members to have access to antivirus
software CCBMP, has tied up with Quick Heal Technologies
Pvt. Ltd., Pune for providing access to Quick Heal Total
Security at a special discounted price of ` 1200/- plus
applicable taxes from March, 2018 to March, 2020 for single
user for a period of 3 years for the Members & students of
ICAI.
Details of above arrangement are available at
https://icai.org/post.html?post_id=11505
Practice Management Software for members in

practice & CA Firms of ICAI
The CCMBP has arranged the practice management software
for members in practice/firms, in form of cloud software
designed for managing the Professional Practice in an
effective way.
Details of above are available at
https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=15286.

Chap. 26 – ICAI’s Support to Members
INSURANCE SCHEMES REVISED MINIMUM RECOMMENDED SCALE

OF THE FEES FOR THE PROFESSIONAL
Motor Vehicle Insurance For Members, Students Of ASSIGNMENTS DONE BY THE CHARTERED
ICAI ACCOUNTANTS FOR CLASS ‘A’ & CLASS ‘B’
CITIES
The CCMBP has entered into a MOU with New India
Assurance Co. Ltd. for Motor Vehicle Insurance. The Motor The CCBMP has prepared a Brochure on Revised Minimum
Vehicle Insurance is basically designed for the members Recommended Scale of the fees for the Professional
but also has been extended to the students and employees Assignments done by the Chartered Accountants for Class ‘A’
of ICAI. Members and students may purchase the Motor & Class ‘B’ cities.
Vehicle Insurance Policy online at the website
Please visit https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=14230
http://icai.newindia.co.in.
QUICK INSIGHT 2018
Arrangement For Office Protection Shield
CCBMP has brought out Quick Insight 2018 for the CA
Insurance At Special Premium For The Members In
fraternity, highlighting latest developments in the profession.
Practice/CA Firms
Please visit at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=14719
CCBMP has arranged Office Protection Shield Insurance at
special premium for members of ICAI.
PUBLICATION OF E-BOOK ON “READY RECKONER
Members and CA firms desirous to avail the benefits of the ON REGULATORY ASPECTS OF ICAI FOR
aforesaid scheme may please visit MEMBERS & CA FIRMS”
https://icai.newindia.co.in/Account/Home & online solution for The CCBMP has brought out a publication of e-book on
the same. “Ready Reckoner on Regulatory Aspects of ICAI for Members
& CA Firms” which will provide the practitioners with all
Professional Indemnity Insurance for Members & CA Firms
requisite information to comply with the various regulatory
of ICAI.
aspects of ICAI.
CCBMP has arranged insurance protection for members in
Please visit at https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=14807.
practice/firms in the form of specially designed professional
indemnity insurance at a reasonable premium i.e. 85%
PUBLICATION OF e-BOOK ON “READY RECKONER
discount in market rate.
ON REGULATORY ASPECTS OF ARTICLED/AUDIT
For details please visit https://icai.newindia.co.in/Account/Home ASSISTANTS: CAPACITY BUILDING FOR CA FIRMS
& online solution for the same. & PRACTITIONERS”
CCBMP has brought out a publication of e-book on “Ready
Personal Accident Insurance For Members Of ICAI
Reckoner on Regulatory Aspects of Articled/Audit Assistants:
CCBMP has arranged in the form of specially designed Capacity Building for CA Firms & Practitioners”.
Personal Accident Insurance through the New India Assurance
Please visit at
Company Limited, Mumbai for Members & Students of ICAI.
The Personal Accident Insurance policy will cover Death/ https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=15063&c_id=240
Permanent Total Disability, loss of Limb(s) & Permanent
Partial Disability including reimbursement of hospitalization PORTAL OF ICAI KNOWLEDGE BANK –
expense. CONSOLIDATION OF ICAI PUBLICATIONS
Householder’s Insurance For Members Of ICAI CCBMP has arranged the portal kb.icai.org gateway to ICAI
Knowledge Bank for Consolidation of all the Publications of
The CCBMP is arranging in the form of specially designed ICAI. The portal in such a way designed for search/Advance
Householder’s Insurance through the New India Assurance search facility and management of publications, the portal has
Company Limited, New Delhi for Members of ICAI. The also featured in the said portal such as user will be able to
Householder’s Insurance policy will cover insurance of building search uploaded documents with a key phrase.
and contents against fire & allied perils inclusive STFI & EQ,
housebreaking including larceny & theft, jewellery & valuables, Please visit at http://kb.icai.org/
employers liability (WC) on annual wages etc.

Chap. 26 – ICAI’s Support to Members
ICAI CONNECT – A SELF-SERVICE PORTAL FOR  International Trade Laws & World Trade Organisation
MEMBERS OF ICAI (ITL & WTO)
The CCBMP has launched the ICAI Connect, a self-service (https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=1948&c_id=99)

portal for the members of ICAI. The feature of the aforesaid
 Management Accountancy Course (MAC)/Corporate
single window self-service portal includes viewing personal
Management Course (CMC)/Tax Management Course
Profile and firms constitution. Please visit at http://ssp.icai.org/.
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Policy of Empanelment of CA Firms/LLPs and Selection of Auditors. . . 1
Annexure 1
Policy of Empanelment of CA Firms/LLPs and
Selection of Auditors of PSUs by C&AG
Empanelment of CA Firms/LLPs Selection of Firms/LLPs For Appointment as

Auditors where Audit Fees are up to ` 1.50 lakh
Chartered Accountant firms (firms) and Limited Liability
Partnerships (LLPs) in India with at least one full time1 FCA The selection is made by correlating the point score earned by
(Partner/Sole Proprietor) can apply for empanelment with this each firm/LLP of Chartered Accountants towards empanelment
office for the purpose of appointment of auditors of Companies with size of the audit fee. The point score 2 is based upon
as per Section 139(5) and 139(7) of the Companies Act, 2013 the experience of the firm/LLP, number of partners and their
and of Statutory Corporations/Autonomous Bodies as per the association3 with the firm/LLP, number of Chartered Accountant
provisions of their respective Acts. employees, as detailed below:
The criteria for empanelment and selection of statutory auditors

have been arrived at after due consultation with the Institute of
Chartered Accountants of India.
Experience of the firm/LLP 0.5 point for every calendar year - Maximum 15. (Counted from the date of constitution
of the firm/LLP with one full time FCA or date of joining of the firm/LLP by the existing
partner having the longest association with the firm/LLP whichever is later.)
Full Time FCA Partners 5 points each for first 5 partners and 2.5 points each from 6th partner onwards
Full Time ACA Partners 3 points each for first 5 partners (including FCA partners) and 1.5 points each from 6th
partner onwards
Points for long association with the 5 points for each partner above 25 years
same firm/LLP
4 points for each partner above 20 years
1 point for each partner below 10 Years but above 5 Years
Full Time CA Employees 1 point each for first 20 C.A Employees – Maximum 20 points
CISA/ISA Qualified Full Time Partners 2 points each for three partners – Maximum 6 points
CISA/ISA qualified Full Time Chartered 1 point each – Maximum 3 points for 3 employees
Accountant Employees
Turnover of the firm/LLP4 Maximum 5 points
1 Full time partner does not include.

2 All members (sole proprietors/partners/CA employees) will get points if they were exclusively associated with the firm/LLP throughout the
calendar year immediately preceding the year of empanelment.
3 In case of merger, the partners of the merging firms/LLPs will be assigned points after one year of merger and points for partner’s association
to be given after five years from the date of merger.
4. Basis of points for turnover of the firm/LLP.

Ann. 1 – Policy of Empanelment of CA Firms/LLPs and Selection of Auditors of PSUs by C&AG
Selection of Firms/LLPs for Appointment as own name or engaged in practice otherwise or engaged
Auditors where Audit Fee is above ` 1.50 lakh in other activity which would be deemed to be in
(Major Audits) practice under Section 2(2) of the Chartered Accountants
Act, 1949.
(a) Criteria for short-listing eligible firms/LLPs of CAs for
allotment of Major audits are as under: (c) (i) Partners whose total compensation @ from the
firm/LLP is below the following limit:
(i) The firm/LLP should have at least 6 CAs (out
of which 5 should be full time partners and one Head office of the firm/LLP located in Delhi, Mumbai,
could be a full time paid CA employee), which is Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore and Hyderabad:
indicative of capacity to handle big audits.
ACA partner ` 1.80 lakh in a year (` 15000/- per
(ii) At least one partner should have an association month)
of 10 years or more with the firm/LLP and at least
3 partners of the firm/LLP should have an FCA partner ` 3.00 lakh in a year (` 25000/- per
association of 5 years or more with the firm/ month) Head office of the firms/LLP
LLP and the remaining two should have an located other Places:
association of one year or more with the firm/LLP,
Head office of the firms/LLP located other places:
to demonstrate stability over time.
(iii) The firm/LLP itself should have been in existence ACA partner ` 1.20 lakh in a year (` 10000/- per
for 10 years or more, to prove that it is a well month)
established firm/LLP.
FCA partner ` 1.80 lakh in a year (` 15000/- per
(b) Allotment of major audits is based not only on the size month)
of the firm/LLP considering the number of partners, and
their association with the firm/LLP, number of Chartered (c) (ii) A partner whose individual percentage share in
Accountant employees, and the Zone in which the firms’/ the total compensation@ is less than:
LLPs’ head office is located but also on the basis of
factors such as sectoral experience, service tax paid Firms/LLPs having more than 14 partners 1%
by the firm/LLP on assurance services, capability of Firms/LLPs having 10 to 14 partners 3%
handling big audits, past performance, eligibility of the
Firms/LLPs having 5 to 9 partners 5%
firm/LLP to conduct a particular audit, location of the
firm’s/LLP’s branch offices etc. Firms/LLPs having less than 5 partners 8%
A person who is @Total compensation = Sum total of share of profit,
(a) a partner in other firms/LLPs remuneration and interest on capital of all the partners from
the firm/LLP.
(b) Employed full time/part time elsewhere, practicing in their
Sr Metro Stations Non-Metro Stations

No. (Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, (Other Stations)
Bangalore, Hyderabad)
` in crore Points ` in crore Points
1 Up to 1.00 No. points Up to 0.60 No. points

2 >1.00 ----2.00 1 >0.60 ---1.20 1
3 >2.00 ----3.00 2 >1.20 ---1.80 2
4 >3.00 ----4.00 3 >1.80 ---2.40 3
5 >4.00 ----5.00 4 >2.40 ---3.00 4
6 Above 5.00 5 Above 3.00 5
Source:

Norms on Eligibility, Empanelment snd Selection of Statutory . . . 2.1
Annexure 2.1
Norms on Eligibility, Empanelment and Selection of
Statutory Central Auditors (SCAS) in Public Sector Banks
from the Year 2018-19 and Onwards
Norms for the Empanelment

ACA partner ` 1.80 lakh in a year
(i) The audit firm shall have a minimum of 7 full time (` 15000/- per month)
chartered accountants, of which at least 5 should be full FCA partner ` 3.00 lakh in a year
time partners exclusively associated* with the firm. Of
(` 25000/- per month)
these five full time exclusively associated* partners, one
each should have minimum continuous association with
(ii) Other places
the firm at least for 15 years and 10 years, two with a
minimum continuous association of 5 years each and one
ACA partner ` 1.20 lakh in a year
with a minimum continuous association of one year. The
(` 10000/- per month)
remaining two could be either exclusively associated*
partners or CA employees. There should be at least one FCA partner ` 1.80 lakh in a year
year continuous association for both exclusive partners (` 15000/- per month)
and CA employees. Four of the partners should be
FCAs. Also, at least two of the partners should have (e) A partner whose total compensation@ from the
minimum 15 and 10 years experience in practice. (In firm is less than the following will not be treated
case the paid Chartered Accountant available with the as exclusively associated with the firm:
firm without any break was admitted as a partner of the
said firm at a future date, his association with the firm Firms having more than 14 partners 1%
as a partner will be counted from the date of his joining
Firms having 10 to 14 partners 3%
the firm as a paid Chartered Accountant.)
Firms having 5 to 9 partners 5%
* The definition of ‘exclusive association’ will be based
on the following criteria: Firms having less than 5 partners 8%
(a) The full time partner should not be a partner in

@Total compensation = Sum total of share of profit,
other firm/s.
remuneration and interest on capital.
(b) He should not be employed full time/part time
(ii) The number of professional staff (excluding typists,
elsewhere.
stenographers, computer operators, secretary/ies and
(c) He should not be practicing in his own name or sub-ordinate staff etc.), consisting of audit and articled
engaged in practice otherwise or engaged in other clerks with knowledge in book-keeping and accountancy
activity which would be deemed to be in practice and are engaged in outdoor audit should be 18.
under Section 2(2) of the Chartered Accountants
(iii) The standing of the firm should be of at least 15 years
Act, 1949.
which would be reckoned from the date of availability
(d) The total compensation@ of the partner from the of one full time FCA continuously with the firm.
firm should not be below the following limit:
(iv) The firm should have minimum statutory central audit
In case the Head office of the firms located in experience of 15 years of Public Sector Banks (before
or after nationalisation) and/or by way of statutory branch
(i) Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore and audit thereof or that of statutory audit experience of a
Hyderabad private sector bank with deposits resources of not less
than ` 500 crore. (In case any of the partner of an
audit firm is nominated/elected for a period of at least

Ann. 2.1 – RBI Norms – For Statutory Central Auditors in PSBs
3 years or more on the Board of any public sector bank Procedure for Appointment of Statutory Central
then his/her such experience for a maximum period of Auditors (SCAs) in Public Sector Banks
three years will be considered as bank audit experience,
provided such experience has not been earned by him/ 1. The number of SCAs to be appointed in Public Sector
her concurrently i.e., when his/her firm was assigned Banks (PSBs) will be as under:
statutory audit of any PSB, select all India financial i) Category “A” Banks (Large Banks viz., Bank of
Institutions or RBI.) Baroda, Bank of India, Canara Bank, Punjab
(v) The firm should have statutory audit experience of National Bank, Central Bank of India, IDBI Bank
5 years of the Public Sector Undertakings (either Central and Union Bank of India) shall not have more than
or State Government undertaking). 6 SCAs. However, in case of SBI the number of
SCAs shall not be more than 14.
(While calculating such experience, more than one
assignment given to a firm during a particular year or ii) Category “B” Banks (Medium Banks viz,. Allahabad
more than one year’s statutory audit (audits in arrears) Bank, Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, Indian
assigned to the firm will be reckoned, as one year Overseas Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce,
experience only, for the purpose of counting such Syndicate Bank and UCO Bank) shall not have
experience.) more than 5 SCAs, and;
(vi) At least two full time partners of the firm or its paid full iii) Category “C” Banks (Small Banks viz., Andhra
time Chartered Accountants must possess CISA/ISA Bank, Bank of Maharashtra, Dena Bank, Punjab &
qualification. Sind Bank, United Bank of India and Vijaya Bank)
shall not have more than 4 SCAs.
(vii) In case of merger and demerger of firms, merger effect
will be given after 2 years of merger while demerger will Actual numbers of SCAs to be appointed can be decided
be effected immediately. by respective boards subject to the above limit.
Note- 2. The cooling off period after completing the term of three
years as SCA will be of three years.
1. C&AG will empanel the Audit Firms based on the above
parameters as on January 1 of the relevant year and 3. The appointment of SCAs will be made on an annual
send the panel to RBI. basis, subject to their fulfilling the eligibility norms
prescribed by RBI from time to time and also subject
2. If any audit firm empanelled by C&AG with the position to their suitability.
as on January 1 undergoes change in its constitution
after empanelment date, the audit firm will take all 4. The Government has decided that from the financial
necessary steps to become eligible within a reasonable year 2014-15, selection and appointment of SCAs is
time and in any case, audit firm should be complying delegated to individual Public Sector Banks.
with above norms [Para 1(i) to (vii)] on eligibility, 5. The procedure that will be followed for selection of SCAs
empanelment and selection of Statutory Central Auditors by the PSBs is as under:
in Public Sector Banks hosted on RBI website before
the following events: a) The eligible list of firms furnished by C&AG
every year will be subjected scrutiny by RBI
a. Appointment of the audit firms by the PSBs for identifying the continuing, rested and non-
as SCAs. For this, the audit firm while giving continuing firms and excluding audit firms against
consent to PSB for appointment may ensure that whom adverse remarks/disciplinary proceedings
it complies with the norms. are pending or who have been denied audit.
b. Before commencement of Annual Statutory Audit b) RBI will verify that the firm has minimum bank audit
for Financial Year ending 31st March and till the experience of 15 years from its records.
completion of annual audit.
c) RBI will prepare separate list of rested, continuing
c. Quarterly Review of Accounts as on June 30, and non continuing eligible audit firms after
September 30 and December 31 every year till its excluding the name of firms who have been
completion. denied audit by RBI/C&AG and the firms who
In case any audit firm (after appointment) does not comply have declined the offer of appointment given by
with any one of the norms (on account of resignation, death Public Sector Banks. The list of non continuing
etc. of any of the partners, employees etc.), it may promptly eligible audit firms will be further split up into list
approach the PSB with full details. The PSB in turn may of experienced audit firms and new audit firms.
approach RBI.

An ‘Experienced’ firm is one which has a Statutory vi. PSBs will make parameters for short listing
Central Audit experience of any of the Public the audit firms.
Sector Banks and ‘New Firm’ is one who does not
vii. If any partner of a Chartered Accountant
have such experience.
firm is a non-official director in any PSB, no
Reserve Bank will be giving Public Sector Banks partner of the same firm be appointed as
(i) List of continuing firms (i.e., the list of audit Statutory Central Auditor of any PSB.
firms who have not completed three years of audit
The above parameters may be approved by the Board.
(ii) List of eligible, non continuing audit firms in
two parts viz., experienced audit firms and new PSBs will prepare list of shortlisted audit firms in terms
audit firms. of above parameters.
d) The allotment of vacancies of SCAs shall be in PSBs will obtain the willingness in writing from above
the ratio of 60:40 between ‘Experienced‘ and ‘New’ shortlisted audit firm(s) to accept the assignment of
audit firms. As regards ratio of 60:40, banks will Statutory Central Audit work.
round the number to the nearest round number
and choose auditors from the ‘Experienced’ and In the willingness letter, it should be clearly mentioned
‘New’ firm list. that there is no commitment on the part of PSBs to allot
the Statutory Central Audit work to the auditors and the
e) The Office of the Comptroller & Auditor General audit firms are free to give similar willingness to multiple
of India (C&AG) will provide a graded panel. PSBs, if approached by other PSBs.
The audit firms in case of both the panels i.e.,
experienced as well as new firms, will be ranked The list of shortlisted audit firms will be placed before
(highest to lowest) based on the points given by ACB. The ACB will approve adequate number of audit
C&AG. The banks will select the statutory auditors firm (s) in order of preference. The number of audit firms
as per norms from the two panels. For Category approved should be adequate enough to take care of
‘A’ banks, cut off limit for selection of audit firms the situation where some firms may not give consent.
will be 4 times of vacancy in that category while Thereafter, PSBs will approach the audit firms to obtain
for Category ‘B’ banks, cut off limit will be 8 times their consent in writing strictly in order of preference.
of vacancy. Category ‘C’ banks will have the liberty The audit firm should give their consent in writing for
to choose audit firms from the entire panel. The consideration of appointment in the bank concerned
cut offs for category ‘A’ and ‘B” banks, both for for the particular year and the subsequent continuing
experienced as well as new firms, will be indicated years subject to complying with para 3 above. If the
by RBI at the time of forwarding the panels to approached audit firm does not give consent, the bank
banks. will approach the next audit firm in order of preference
f) While making final selection, the PSBs will take for obtaining consent till the time the number of audit
into consideration the following points:— firms who have given the consent equals to number of
vacancies for the particular year.
i. As far as possible, the bank should have at
least two audit firms having their Head Office The consent letter may clearly state that this selection
from the same place where the banks’ HO/ of the audit firms as Statutory Central Auditor is subject
CO is located. This condition is applicable for to approval of RBI and any force majeure events and,
the combined pool of continuing and fresh in such cases, the audit firms will not have any claim
auditors. against the PSBs and RBI. The PSBs may also clearly
mention in the consent letter that appointment is subject
ii. Audit firms are not selected in the PSB from to complying with the stipulated norms on eligibility and
where they last retired (after completing the empanelment issued by RBI from time to time. In the
full term) before going under rest. consent letter, the audit firm should declare that consent
is given to one PSB only.
iii. The firms whose partner/s are on the Boards
of PSBs are not appointed as auditors for the It may also be incorporated in the consent letter that
same PSB. the consent given by an audit firm will be treated as
irrevocable and request, if any, from audit firms for
iv. In case of SBI, only experienced audit firms
changing the bank, after giving its consent to the bank
are considered as SCAs.
concerned will not be entertained.
v. An audit firm is eligible to be appointed as
The list of such selected firms (i.e., the firms who have
a Central/ Branch auditor of only one PSB
given consent in the manner as stated above) who
during a particular year.
have given consent for appointment as statutory central

auditors in PSBs may be placed before the ACB for appointments of SCA for a continuous period of
its concurrence before it is forwarded to RBI for final three years subject to the firms satisfying the
approval. eligibility norms each year. Banks cannot remove
the audit firms during the above period without the
6. Audit firm(s) selected by the PSBs after obtaining
prior approval of the Reserve Bank of India.
consent in writing from the audit firm will be debarred
for a period of 3 years for selection if the firm refuses ii. All PSBs are required to have a Board approved
to accept the appointment without a reasonable ground, policy for appointment of statutory auditors and
that is ground not to the satisfaction of RBI. the same may be hosted on the bank’s website.
Banks are also required to ensure that the policy
7. The above norms will be implemented during the
framed by the Board in the matter of selection of
selection process of SCAs for the year 2018-19 and
auditors/ audit firms for appointment of auditors is
onwards.
strictly adhered to.
8. After selection, as per the statutory requirement, banks,
Note : A full time partner does not include a person who is:
in turn, are required to forward the names of the
selected SCAs to RBI for its prior approval before their (1) A partner in other firms.
actual appointment.
(2) Employed full time/part time elsewhere, practicing in own
9. A feedback on the quality of audit of SCAs may be given name or engaged in practice otherwise or engaged in
by PSBs to RBI after the annual audit of banks. other activity which would be deemed to be in practice
under Section 2(2) of the Chartered Accountants
10. Other guidelines
Act, 1949.
i. In order to protect the independence of the
auditors/audit firms, banks will have to make the
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Norms on Eligibility, Empanelment and Selection of Statutory . . . 2.2
Annexure 2.2
Norms on Eligibility, Empanelment and Selection of
Statutory Branch Auditors (SBAS) in Public Sector Banks
from the Year 2016-17 and Onwards
Norms for the Empanelment
Category No. of CAs exclusively No. of partners Professional Bank audit experience Standing of
associated with the firm (Full exclusively staff the audit firm
time) associated with the
firm (full time)
(Out of 2)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
I. 5 3 8 The firm or at least one of 8 years
the partners should have
a minimum of 8 years
experience of branch audit of
a nationalised bank and/or of
a private sector bank.
II. 3 2 6 The firm or at least one of 6 years (for
the partners should have the firm or
preferably conducted branch at least one
audit of a nationalised bank partner)
or of a private sector bank for
at least 5 years.
III. 2 1 4 The firm or at least one of the 5 years (for
CAs should have preferably the firm or
conducted branch audit of at least one
a nationalised bank or of a partner)
private sector bank for at
least 3 years
IV. 2 2 2 Not necessary 3 years
Even proprietorship concern
without bank audit experience
may be considered as hitherto.
(The proprietary concerns of
Chartered Accountants with 1
paid CA, 2 professional staff
and not having any statutory
branch audit experience of a
nationalised bank or of a private
sector bank will be treated at
par with the partnership firm
after deducting their 3 years
seniority from the date of their
establishment).

Ann. 2.2 – RBI Norms – For Statutory Branch Auditors in PSBs
Procedure for Appointment of Statutory Branch appointment that each audit firm can take up audit
Auditors (SBAs) in Public Sector Banks assignment (branch audit) in one PSB only. The audit
firm should give their consent in writing for consideration
1. The norms for selection of branches of PSBs for of appointment in the bank concerned for the particular
statutory audit from the year 2016-17 and onwards will year and the subsequent continuing years.
be based on the following:
The consent given by an audit firm will be treated as
Statutory branch audit of PSBs may be carried out for all irrevocable and request, if any, from audit firms for
branches with advances of ` 20 crore & above and 1/5th changing the bank, after giving its consent to the bank
of the remaining branches covering a representative concerned will not be entertained.
cross section of rural/semi-urban/urban and metropolitan
branches, predominantly including branches which are After the selection of branch auditors, PSBs will be
not subjected to concurrent audit, so as to cover 90% of required to recommend the names of both continuing
advances of a bank. CPUs/LPUs/and other centralized and selected branch auditors to RBI for seeking its prior
hubs by whatever nomenclature called would be approval before their actual appointment, as per statutory
included in the one fifth of the remaining branches requirement.
every year.
3. SBAs will have a maximum tenure of four years. The
In respect of branches below the cut-off point, which are appointment of SBAs will be made on an annual basis,
subject to concurrent audit by chartered accountants, subject to their fulfilling the eligibility norms prescribed by
henceforth, LFARs and other certifications done earlier RBI from time to time and also subject to their suitability.
by SBAs will now be submitted by the concurrent
4. The number of eligible auditors/audit firms is more than
auditors to the Chairman of the bank and such branches
the number of branches to be audited at the following 33
may not generally be subject to statutory audit. The
centres (viz. Mumbai, Kolhapur, Pune, Solapur, Thane,
banks in turn will consolidate/compile all such LFARs
Kolkata, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi/ New Delhi, Ajmer,
and other certifications submitted by the Concurrent
Bikaner, Jaipur, Kota, Udaipur, Ahmedabad, Vadodara,
Auditors and submit to Statutory Central Auditor as an
Surat, Hyderabad, Chandigarh, Raipur, Faridabad,
internal document of the bank.
Gurgaon, Panchkula, Panipat, Sonipat, Bangalore,
Going forward, in mutual discussions with GoI and Ernakulam, Indore, Nagpur, Ludhiana, Jodhpur, Bhilwara,
SCAs, based, inter alia, on the operational efficiency and Ghaziabad). In such centres, the auditors/audit firms
and robustness of CBS, system driven identification of will be put to a period of compulsory rest for two years
NPAs, and integrity of MIS, managements of individual after completion of four years of continuous branch audit.
PSBs may decide on the threshold level of advances for In other centres, where the number of eligible auditors/
the purpose of selecting branches for statutory audit. audit firms is less than the number of branches to be
audited, the branch auditors on completion of four years
Progressively, the threshold level of advances may be of continuous branch audit will be subjected to the policy
increased so that the number of branches to be taken of rotation.
up for statutory audit is phased down over a period of
time. 5. While allotting branches, banks are required to select
auditors/audit firms which are in close proximity to their
2. The following procedure will be followed for appointment offices/branches. Banks are also required to have a
of Statutory Branch Auditors (SBAs) in Public Sector suitable mix of various categories of auditors/audit firms
Banks (PSBs): while selecting the branch auditors keeping in view the
The list of eligible auditors/audit firms will be prepared size of the branches to be audited.
by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) 6. As regards statutory branch audit to be carried out
as per the norms prescribed by RBI. by SCAs, banks will allot the top 20 branches (to be
The above list will be subject to scrutiny by RBI for selected strictly in order of the level of outstanding
identifying the continuing and rested firms and excluding advances) in such a manner as to cover a minimum of
audit firms against whom adverse remarks/disciplinary 15% of total gross advances of the bank by SCAs.
proceedings are pending or who have been denied
audit. General Guidelines Applicable to SBAs
RBI will, thereafter, forward the final list of all eligible (i) All PSBs are required to have a Board approved policy
auditors/audit firms to PSBs for selection. for appointment of statutory auditors and the same
may be hosted on the bank’s web-site. Banks are also
The PSBs will select the required number of branch required to ensure that the policy framed by the Board
auditors/audit firms. Banks will be required to clearly in the matter of selection of auditors/audit firms for
advise the audit firms selected for consideration of

Ann. 2.2 – RBI Norms – For Statutory Branch Auditors in PSBs
appointment of auditors is strictly adhered to. Further, (iii) In order to protect the independence of the auditors/
the list of firms selected for appointment as statutory audit firms, banks will have to make the appointments
branch auditors may be placed before the ACB/Board of branch auditors for a continuous period of four years
of bank before for its concurrence before it is forwarded subject to the firms satisfying the eligibility norms each
to RBI for final approval. year. Banks cannot remove the audit firms during the
above period without the prior approval of the Reserve
(ii) The policy of one audit firm for one PSB will be
Bank of India.
continued. Accordingly an audit firm will be eligible to be
appointed as a central/branch auditor of only one PSB (iv) The firms whose partner/s are on the Boards of PSBs
during a particular year. are not to be appointed as auditors of the same PSB.
Source: https://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/bs_viewcontent.aspx?Id=946

3 Government Schemes
Annexure 3
Government Schemes
There are a number of Central and State Government systems for programme accounting and can also develop the
Schemes/programme, which are funded by multilateral agencies necessary accounting manuals so that the envisaged systems
or by the Government relating to the basic functions and can be implemented in line with the best practices worldwide.
objectives of the Government. In most cases, such programme As programme auditors, they can also provide auditing and
funds require a precise end-use accounting and auditing assurance services as may be required. Also, Chartered
in order to assure continued access to the total committed Accountants can give a certificate for the end-use of funds.
funds. Chartered Accountants are being utilised for setting up
Ministry Scheme Quick Links

Department of National Food Security http://nfsm.gov.in/Guidelines/XIIPlan/NFSMXII.pdf
Agriculture & Mission (Green
Cooperation Revolution)
Department of National Health Mission https://mohfw.gov.in/
Health and Family
Welfare
Department of National Rural Health https://mohfw.gov.in/
Health and Family Mission
Welfare
Department of National Mission on http://ayush.gov.in/sites/default/files/4197396897-Charakasamhita%20ACDP%20%20english_0.pdf
Ayush Ayush
Department of AIDS National AIDS Control http://naco.gov.in/sites/default/files/19%2C%20Operational%20Guidelines%20forFinancial%20Management%20Final.pdf
Control Programme including
STD Control
Ministry of Housing Integrated Low Cost http://urban.bih.nic.in/Docs/ILCS-Guidelines.pdf
and Urban Poverty Sanitation Scheme
Alleviation (ILCS)
Department of National Programme of http://www.upmdm.org/docs/MDM2004.pdf
School Education Nutritional Support to
and literacy Primary Education (MDM)
Ministry of Labour & Skill Development http://www.skilldevelopment.gov.in/assets/images/annual%20report/Annual%20Report%202016-2017%20-%20English.pdf
Employment
Department of Rural National Rural Housing http://pmayg.nic.in/netiay/IAY%20revised%20guidelines%20july%202013.pdf
Development Scheme
Department of National Rural Drinking http://mdws.gov.in/sites/default/files/NRDWP_Guidelines_2013.pdf
Drinking Water Water Programme
Supply (NRDWP)
Department of Central Rural Sanitation https://mdws.gov.in/sites/default/files/TSCGuideline2007_0.pdf
Drinking Water Programme
Supply

Ann. 3 – Government Schemes

Ministry of Social Empowerment of OBC http://socialjustice.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/Revised-Central-Sector-Scheme-of.pdf
Justice And
Empowerment
Ministry of Textiles Handloo Export Scheme http://www.hepcindia.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/HEPC-2016-17-Annual-Report-Inner.pdf
Ministry of Tribal Development And https://tribal.nic.in/writereaddata/AnnualReport/AnnualReport2016-17.pdf
Affairs Empowerment of Tribal
Communities
Ministry of HRD National Programme http://www.schooleducation.kar.nic.in/pdffiles/mdmguidelines2006.pdf
of Nutritional Support
To Primary Education
(NPNSPE)
Ministry of HRD Scheme for Infrastructure http://mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/upload_document/IDMI-scheme.pdf
Development Private
AIDED/UNAIDED
Minority Institutes
(IDMI) – (Elementary
Secondary/ Senior
Secondary Schools)
Ministry of HRD State Resource Centre http://mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/upload_document/Guidelines_Src.pdf
(SRC)
Ministry of HRD Jan Shikshan Sansthan http://mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/upload_document/JSS_Guidelines.pdf
(JSS)
Ministry of Water Ganga Rejuvenation http://nmcg.nic.in/annual_account.aspx
Resources, River
Development And
Ganga Rejuvenation
Ministry of National Creche Scheme http://www.wcd.nic.in/sites/default/files/Revised%20RGNCSScheme_210515.pdf
Women And Child (NCS)
Development
Ministry of Ujjawala http://www.wcd.nic.in/sites/default/files/Ujjawala%20New%20Scheme.pdf
Women And Child
Development
Ministry of Working Women Hostel http://www.wcd.nic.in/sites/default/files/Working%20Women%20Hostel_about_revised_about.pdf
Women And Child (WWH)
Development
Ministry of Swadhar Greh https://www.india.gov.in/spotlight/swadhar-greh-scheme
Women And Child
Development
Ministry of Support to Training And http://www.wcd.nic.in/sites/default/files/REVISEDSTEPGUIDELINES2014_1.pdf
Women And Child Employment Programme
Development For Women (STEP)
Ministry of General Grant-In-Aid https://wcd.nic.in/sites/default/files/gia_scheme_hindi.pdf
Women And Child Scheme in the field
Development of Women and Child
Development

Ann. 3 – Government Schemes

Ministry of Gender Budgeting http://www.wcd.nic.in/sites/default/files/gbscheme.pdf
Women And Child Scheme (GBS)
Development
Ministry of Ayush Evolving Pharmacopoeial http://ayush.gov.in/sites/default/files/2508074139-APC%20REVISED%20SCHEME1.pdf
Standards For Ayurveda,
Siddha, Unani And
Homoeopathy Drugs And
Standardized Operating
Procedures (SOPS) of
Manufacturing Processes
of Ayush Drugs
Ministry of Ayush Central Sector Scheme http://ayush.gov.in/sites/default/files/-Revised%20IC%20scheme%20%20%20ic.pdf
For Promotion of
International
Co-operation In Ayush
(PICA)
Ministry of Ayush Scheme of Grant-In- http://ayush.gov.in/sites/default/files/1096260241-ACCEPTED%20MODE%20PHI%20after%20SFC%20-%20Copy%20-%20Copy%20%2016.pdf
Aid for Promotion of
Ayush Intervention in
Public Health Initiatives
(GPAIPHI)
Ministry of Tourism Marketing Development http://commerce.gov.in/writereaddata/trade/mda-guidelines.pdf
Assistance Scheme
(MDAS)
Ministry of Animal Welfare (AW) http://www.moef.nic.in/sites/default/files/chap7_0.pdf
Environment and
Forest
Ministry of Food Cold Chain Projects http://mofpi.nic.in/sites/default/files/guidelines_08.03.2018_0.pdf
Processing Industry (CCP)
Ministry of Food Scheme For Creation/ http://mofpi.nic.in/sites/default/files/20171213154905_0.pdf
Processing Industry Expansion of Food
Processing/Preservation
Capacities (CFPC)
Ministry of Food Agro Processing Cluster http://mofpi.nic.in/sites/default/files/operational_guideline_of_agro-processing_clusters_scheme-_21.02.2018_-_st_and_sc-_final.pdf
Processing Industry (APC)
Ministry of Food Scheme for Creation of http://mofpi.nic.in/sites/default/files/revised_cbfl_guidelines_0.pdf
Processing Industry Backward And Forward
Linkages (CBFL)
Ministry of Micro International Co- http://msme.gov.in/sites/default/files/Revised-IC-Scheme%20Guidelines%2016.12.2016_New_06032017.pdf
Small and Medium operation (IC) Scheme
Enterprises
Ministry of Housing Heritage City http://hridayindia.in/downloads/Operational_Guidelines_for_HRIDAY_scheme.pdf
and Urban Affairs Development &
Augmentation Yojana

Various Tender Links of Public Sector Undertakings 4
Annexure 4
Various Tender links of Public Sector Undertakings
Public Sector Undertakings Links
Agrinnovate India Ltd. http://www.agrinnovateindia.co.in/india/index/108/tenders
Air India Air Transport Services Ltd. http://www.airindia.in/air-india-tenders.htm
Air India Engineering Services Ltd. http://www.airindia.in/tenders.htm
Air India Express Ltd. http://www.airindia.in/air-india-tenders.htm
Air India Ltd. http://www.airindia.in/air-india-tenders.htm
Airline Allied Services Ltd. http://www.airindia.in/air-india-tenders.htm
Airports Authority of India https://www.aai.aero/en/tender/e-tender
Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest & http://db.and.nic.in/tendersonline/index.php

Plantation Development Corp. Ltd.
Andrew Yule & Co. Ltd. http://www.andrewyule.com/tender_display.php
Antrix Corp. Ltd. http://www.antrix.co.in/tenders
Anushakti Vidhyut Nigam Ltd. http://www.npcil.nic.in/content/262_1_LiveTenders.aspx
Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corp. of http://www.alimco.in/CurrentTenders.aspx?id=1

India
Assam Ashok Hotel Corp. Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/searchbyorg/India%20Tourism%20Development%20Corporation
Ballabgarh-Gn Transmission Co. Ltd. http://www.pfcclindia.com/tender.php?AM2
Balmer Lawrie &Co. Ltd. http://www.balmerlawrie.com/pages/tender_local_new
Balmer Lawrie Investments Ltd. http://www.balmerlawrie.com/pages/tender_local_new
Bel Optronics Devices Ltd. http://eprocurebel.co.in/nicgep/app
Bel-Thales Systems Ltd. http://eprocurebel.co.in/nicgep/app
Beml Ltd. https://www.bemlindia.in/tenders.aspx
Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals http://apps.bengalchemicals.co.in/tender/

Ltd.
Bharat Broadband Network Ltd. http://bbnl.nic.in/tenders.aspx?langid=1
Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. http://www.bcclweb.in/tender-download.php
Bharat Dynamics Ltd. http://www.bdl-india.in/?q=tendersnew
Bharat Electronics Ltd. http://eprocurebel.co.in/nicgep/app
Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. http://www.bhel.com/tender/tender_home.php
Bharat Immunologicals & Biologicals http://bibcol.in/Tenders.html

Corp. Ltd.

Ann. 4 – Various Tender links of Public Sector Undertakings
Bharat Petroleum Corp. Ltd. https://www.bharatpetroleum.com/tenders/tenders.aspx
Bharat Petroresources Jpda Ltd. http://bharatpetroresources.com/Tenders/Tenders.aspx#TenderDetails
Bharat Petroresources Ltd. http://bharatpetroresources.com/Tenders/Tenders.aspx#TenderDetails
Bharat Pumps & Compressors Ltd. http://www.bpcnaini.co.in/Tenders-mod.html
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. http://tender.bsnl.co.in/bsnltenders/bsnltender/tender_live_view_main.jsp
Bharat Wagon & Engineering Co. Ltd. http://bharatwagon.bih.nic.in/tenders.htm
BharatiyaNabhikiyaVidyut Nigam Ltd. http://www.bhavini.nic.in/Userpages/TendersView.aspx
Bharatiya Rail Bijlee Co. Ltd. http://www.ntpcindia.com/en/tenders
Bhel Electrical Machines Ltd. http://www.bheleml.com/Tenders.php
Bihar Megapower Ltd. http://bspgcl.bihar.gov.in/?page_id=325
Bijawar-Vidarbha Transmission Ltd. http://www.pfcclindia.com/tender.php?AM2
Biotechnology Industry Research http://birac.nic.in/news_description.php?id=124

Assistance Council
Birds Jute & Exports Ltd. http://njmc.org.in/tender.php
Bisra Stone Lime Co.Ltd. http://www.birdgroup.co.in/bslc-current-tenders/
Bpcl-Kial Fuel Pvt.Ltd. https://www.bharatpetroleum.com/tenders/view-tenders.aspx
Brahmaputra Valley Fertilizer Corp. Ltd. http://bvfcl.com/tenders/
Braithwaite & Co. Ltd. http://www.braithwaiteindia.com/tenders.html
Braithwaite, Burn & Jessop Construction http://www.bbjconst.com/tenders.html

Co. Ltd., The
Bridge & Roof Co. (India) Ltd. https://www.bridgeroof.co.in/tenders
British India Corp. Ltd.,The http://www.lal-imli.com/tender.htm
Broadcast Engineering Consultants http://www.becil.com

India Ltd.
Bundelkhand Saur Urja Ltd. http://bsulindia.com/tenders.php
Cement Corp. of India Ltd. https://www.cciltd.in/page.php?id=2
Central Coalfields Ltd. http://www.centralcoalfields.in/tender/
Central Electronics Ltd. http://www.celindia.co.in/drupal7/?q=all-eoi-rfp
Central Inland Water Transport Corp. http://ciwtcltd.com/tender_documents.htm

Ltd.
Central Mine Planning & Design https://www.cmpdi.co.in/tenders.php

Institute Ltd.
Central Railside Warehousing Co. Ltd. https://www.crwc.in/en/tenders?q=en/tenders
Central Warehousing Corp. http://cewacor.nic.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=96&Itemid=169&lang=en
Certification Engineers International Ltd. http://www.engineersindia.com/tenders/m-91
Chennai Petroleum Corp. Ltd. https://www.cpcl.co.in/Publicationoftenders

Chhattisgarh East Railways Ltd. http://www.railnews.in/category/rail-psus/chhattisgarh-east-west-railway-ltd-a-subsidiary-of-south-eastern-coal%EF%AC%81elds-ltd-in-jv-with-ircon/
Chhattisgarh East-West Railways Ltd. http://www.railnews.in/category/rail-psus/chhattisgarh-east-west-railway-ltd-a-subsidiary-of-south-eastern-coal%EF%AC%81elds-ltd-in-jv-with-ircon/
Chhattisgarh Surguja Power Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Coal India Ltd. https://coalindiatenders.nic.in/nicgep/app
Coastal Karnataka Power Ltd. http://karnatakapower.com/en/tenders/
Coastal Maharashtra Mega Power Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Coastal Tamil Nadu Power Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Cochin Shipyard Ltd. https://www.cochinshipyard.com/tender.htm
Concor Air Ltd. http://www.concorindia.com/Tenders.aspx
Container Corp. of India Ltd. http://www.concorindia.com/Tenders.aspx
Cotton Corp. of India Ltd.,The https://cotcorp.org.in/Tender.aspx
Dedicated Freight Corridor Corp. of http://dfccil.gov.in/dfccil_app/TenNotices.jsp

India Ltd.
Delhi Police Housing Corp.Ltd. http://59.180.234.21:8788/user/viewallrecord.aspx
Deoghar Mega Power Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Donyi Polo Ashok Hotel Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/searchbyorg/India%20Tourism%20Development%20Corporation%20Ltd.
Dredging Corp. of India Ltd. http://dredge-india.nic.in/tenders.html
Eastern Coalfields Ltd. http://tenders.secureloginecl.co.in/
Eastern Investment Ltd. http://www.birdgroup.co.in/associate-links/
Ecgc Ltd. https://www.ecgc.in/tenders-called-for/
Edcil (India) Ltd. http://www.edcilindia.co.in/Etenders
Electronics Corp. of India Ltd. https://etenders.ecil.co.in/
Engineering Projects (India) Ltd. https://www.epi.gov.in/content/innerpage/e-tendering.php
Engineers India Ltd. http://www.engineersindia.com/Index.aspx
Erss Xxi Transmission Ltd. http://www.rectpcl.in/live-tender.php
FciAravali Gypsum & Minerals India Ltd. http://fagmil.nic.in/tenders/
Ferro Scrap Nigam Ltd. http://www.fsnl.co.in/limited-tenders.php
Fertilizer Corp. of India Ltd.,The http://fertcorpindia.nic.in/Tenders.html
Food Corp. of India http://fci.gov.in/tender.php
Fresh & Healthy Enterprises Ltd. http://www.fhel.co.in/tender.html
Gail (India) Ltd. http://gailonline.com/Tender.html
Gail Gas Ltd. https://www.gailgas.com/corporate/#/
Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers http://www.grse.in/index.php/tender/2-uncategorised/110-e-tenders

Ltd.
Goa Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals Ltd. http://www.gaplgoa.com/mainpage.php?pageid=40

Goa Shipyard Ltd. https://goashipyard.in/tender/open-tender/
Grid Conductor Ltd. http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx
Handicrafts & Handlooms Exports Corp. http://www.hhecworld.com/tender/tender_textile.html

of India Ltd.
Heavy Engineering Corp. Ltd. http://hecltd.com/tenders.php
High Speed Rail Corp. of India Ltd. https://www.nhsrcl.in/active-tenders-nhsrcl
Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. https://hal-india.co.in/TENDERS/M__63
Hindustan Antibiotics Ltd. http://hindantibiotics.in/tenders-advertisement/
Hindustan Cables Ltd. http://www.hindcables.gov.in/frame_tender.htm
Hindustan Copper Ltd. http://www.hindustancopper.com/Page/TenderList
Hindustan Fertilizer Corp. Ltd. http://fert.nic.in/page/tender-and-notice
Hindustan Fluorocarbons Ltd. http://www.hfl.co.in/tenders
Hindustan Insecticides Ltd. http://www.hil.gov.in/Tender.aspx
Hindustan Newsprint Ltd. http://www.hnlonline.com/tenders
Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd. http://hoclkochi.com/php/index.php
Hindustan Paper Corp. Ltd. http://www.hindpaper.in/hpctender/
Hindustan Petroleum Corp. Ltd. http://www.hindustanpetroleum.com/TendersAndContracts
Hindustan Prefab Ltd. http://hindprefab.in/
Hindustan Salts Ltd. http://www.indiansalt.com/tenders_main.htm
Hindustan Shipyard Ltd. https://www.hslvizag.in/content/31_1_FreshTenders.aspx
Hindustan Steelworks Construction Co. http://hscl.co.in/tenderlist/

Ltd.
Hll Biotech Ltd. http://www.hllbiotech.com/tenders
Hll Infra Tech Services Ltd. http://hllhites.com/tenders
HllLifecare Ltd. http://www.lifecarehll.com/tender
HllMedipark Ltd. http://www.lifecarehll.com/tender
HMT (International) Ltd. http://www.hmti.com/
HMT Bearings Ltd. http://www.hmtindia.com/html/frame.asp?page=tenders.htm
HMT Chinar Watches Ltd. http://www.hmtindia.com/html/frame.asp?page=tenders.htm
HMT Ltd. http://www.hmtindia.com/html/frame.asp?page=tenders.htm
HMT Machine Tools Ltd. http://www.hmtindia.com/html/frame.asp?page=tenders.htm
HMT Watches Ltd. http://www.hmtindia.com/html/frame.asp?page=tenders.htm
Hooghly Dock & Port Engineers Ltd.
Hooghly Printing Co. Ltd. http://www.andrewyule.com/tender_display.php
Hotel Corp. of India Ltd. http://centaurhotels.com/?page_id=720

Housing & Urban Development Corp. https://www.hudco.org/TenderHome.aspx

Ltd.
Hpcl Biofuels Ltd. http://www.hpclbiofuels.co.in/tender.php
Hpcl Rajasthan Refinery Ltd. http://www.hindustanpetroleum.com/TendersAndContracts
Hscc (India) Ltd. http://www.hsccltd.co.in/index.php?option=com_tender&view=tender&Itemid=61&lang=en
Idpl (Tamil Nadu) Ltd. http://www.idplindia.in/corporate-office.php
Iifcl Asset Management Co. Ltd. http://www.iifcl.org/Content/Tender.aspx
Iifcl Projects Ltd. http://www.iifcl.co.in/Content/CurrentTender.aspx?mid=7&bid=2
India Infrastructure Finance Co. Ltd. http://www.iifcl.co.in/Content/CurrentTender.aspx?mid=7&bid=2
India Post Payment Bank Ltd. https://ippbonline.com/web/ippb/tenders1
India Tourism Development Corp. Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/searchbyorg/India%20Tourism%20Development%20Corporation%20Ltd
India Trade Promotion Organisation http://indiatradefair.com/tenders/listing
Indian Catalyst Pvt. Ltd. https://iocletenders.nic.in/nicgep/app
Indian Drugs & Pharmaceuticals Ltd. http://www.idplindia.in/corporate-office.php
Indian Medicines Pharmaceutical Corp. https://www.thetenders.com/All-India-Tenders/Agency/Tenders-of-Indian-Medicines-Pharmaceutical-Corporation-Limited/11309/All-Tenders/1

Ltd.
Indian Oil Corp.Ltd. https://iocletenders.nic.in/nicgep/app
Indian Oil-Creda Biofuels Ltd. https://iocletenders.nic.in/nicgep/app
Indian Railway Catering & Tourism http://www.irctc.com/tenders_En.jsp

Corp. Ltd.
Indian Railway Finance Corp. Ltd. http://irfc.nic.in/ActiveTenders.php
Indian Railway Stations Development http://irsdc.in/tenders

Corp. Ltd.
Indian Rare Earths Ltd. http://irel.co.in/content/1455_1_Tenders.aspx
Indian Renewable Energy Development http://ireda.in/Forms/contentpage.aspx?LID=1437&mid=-1

Agency Ltd.
Instrumentation Ltd. http://ilpgt.com/html/tender.php
Ircon Infrastructure & Services Ltd. http://www.irconisl.com/en/tender/active.html
Ircon International Ltd. http://www.irconisl.com/en/tender/active.html
IrconPb Tollway Ltd. http://www.irconisl.com/en/tender/active.html
Ircon Shivpuri Guna Tollway Ltd. http://www.irconisl.com/en/tender/active.html
ITI Ltd. http://www.itiltd-india.com/ITI/Tender-EoI
J&K Mineral Development Corp. http://www.jkspdc.nic.in/tender_landing.htm
Jammu & Kashmir Development http://www.jkdfc.org/pdf/171113-tender.pdf

Finance Corp. Ltd
Jharkhand National Mineral http://www.jsmdc.in/web/Tenders.php

Development Corp. Ltd.

Jute Corp.Of India Ltd., The http://www.jci.gov.in:8080/jci/jci_tenders.html
Kamarajar Port Ltd. http://www.ennoreport.gov.in/content/innerpage/tenders-details.php
Kanti Bijlee Utpadan Nigam Ltd. https://www.kbunl.co.in/tender.php
Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals http://www.kaplindia.com/asp/0100text.asp?pageId=45&headId=45

Ltd.
Karnataka Trade Promotion https://eproc.karnataka.gov.in/eprocportal/pages/index.jsp

Organization
Karnataka Vijaynagar Steel Ltd. https://eproc.karnataka.gov.in/eprocportal/pages/index.jsp
Kiocl Ltd. https://www.kioclltd.in/user/tenders/69
Kolkata Metro Rail Corp. Ltd. http://www.kmrc.in/tenders.php
Konkan Railway Corp. Ltd. http://konkanrailway.com/
Loktak Downstream Hyroelectric Corp. http://ldhcl.nic.in/?page_id=803
Madhya Pradesh Ashok Hotel Corp. Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/searchbyorg/India%20Tourism%20Developme
Madras Fertilizers Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/eprocure/app
Mahanadi Coalfields Ltd. https://coalindiatenders.nic.in/nicgep/app
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. http://www.mtnl.net.in/tender.htm
Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemicals https://www.mrpl.co.in/

Ltd.
Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd. http://mazagondock.in/STACSFormat.aspx
Mecon Ltd. http://www.meconlimited.co.in/active_tender.aspx
Millennium Telecom Ltd. http://www.mtnl.net.in/tender.htm
Mineral Exploration Corp. Ltd. http://www.mecl.gov.in/Tenders.aspx
Mishra Dhatu Nigam Ltd. http://midhani-india.in/tender.jsp
MJSJ Coal Ltd. https://coalindiatenders.nic.in/nicgep/app
MMTC Ltd. http://mmtclimited.com/tenders
MNH Shakti Ltd. https://coalindiatenders.nic.in/nicgep/app
MOIL Ltd. http://moil.nic.in/Tenders.aspx?PageMasterID=24&AntiSpam1=yfRdv9EuSiE
MSTC Ltd. https://www.mstcindia.co.in/contenthindi/eauction_serviceshindi.aspx?l=hi
Mumbai Railway Vikas Corp. Ltd. http://www.mrvc.indianrailways.gov.in/Tender_cpp.jsp?lang=0&id=0,299
Nagaland Pulp & Paper Co. Ltd. http://www.hindpaper.in/hpctender/
Naini Aerospace Ltd. https://nael.co.in/
National Aluminium Co. Ltd. http://livetenders.nalcoindia.com/dashBoard.aspx?Glnk=dshbrd
National Backward Classes Finance & http://nbcfdc.gov.in/nbcfdc-tenders.php

Development Corp.
National Fertilizers Ltd. https://nfl.etenders.in/

National Handicapped Finance & http://www.nhfdc.nic.in/tender

Development Corp.
National Handloom Development Corp. https://www.nhdc.org.in/Tenders.aspx

Ltd.
National Highways & Infrastructure https://nhidcl.com/current-tenders/

National Informatics Centre Services http://www.nicsi.com/tenders

Inc.
National Jute Manufacturers Corp. Ltd. http://njmc.org.in/tender.php
National Minorities Development & http://www.nmdfc.org/tenders.aspx?langid=1

Finance Corp.
National Projects Construction Corp. http://npcc.gov.in/TenderNotice.aspx

Ltd.
National Research Development Corp. http://www.nrdcindia.com/
National SafaiKaramcharis Finance & https://nskfdc.nic.in/en/content/home/notice-tenders-0

Development Corp.
National Scheduled Castes Finance & http://nsfdc.nic.in/tenders/listing

Development Corp.
National Scheduled Tribes Finance & http://nstfdc.in/notices/artdisc.php?acid=2

Development Corp.
National Seeds Corp. Ltd. http://www.indiaseeds.com/current-tender.html
National Small Industries Corp. Ltd. http://www.nsic.co.in/tender/Current-Tenders.aspx
National Textile Corp. Ltd. http://www.ntcltd.org/Tender.aspx
NBCC (India) Ltd. http://www.nbccindia.com/
NBCC Engineering & Consultancy Ltd. http://www.nbccindia.com/
NBCC Services Ltd. http://www.nbccindia.com/
NEPA Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/
Neyveli Uttar Pradesh Power Ltd. https://www.nlcindia.com/new_website/index.htm
NHDC Ltd. http://nhdcindia.com/Site/frmViewTender.aspx
NHPC Ltd. http://www.nhpcindia.com/Default.aspx?id=289&lg=eng&
Nlc India Ltd. https://www.nlcindia.com/new_website/TENDERS.htm
Nlc Tamil Nadu Power Ltd. https://www.nlcindia.com/index.php?file_name=tender
NMDC Ltd. https://www.nmdc.co.in/nmdctender/
NMDC Power Ltd. https://www.nmdc.co.in/nmdctender/
NMDC Steel Ltd. https://www.nmdc.co.in/nmdctender/
NMDC-CMDC Ltd. https://www.nmdc.co.in/nmdctender/
North Eastern Electric Power Corp. Ltd. http://neepco.co.in/tender

North Eastern Handicrafts & Handloom https://nehhdc.com/events.html

North Eastern Regional Agricultural https://neramac.com/showpage.asp?id=112

Marketing Corp. Ltd.
Northern Coalfields Ltd. http://nclcil.in/HI/page.php?pid=15
Npcil - Indian Oil Nuclear Energy Corp. http://www.npcil.nic.in/content/262_1_LiveTenders.aspx

Ltd.
Npcil - Nalco Power Co. Ltd. http://www.npcil.nic.in/content/262_1_LiveTenders.aspx
NTPC Electric Supply Co. Ltd. http://www.ntpcindia.com/en/tenders
NTPC Ltd. http://www.ntpcindia.com/en/tenders
NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Ltd. http://www.ntpcindia.com/en/tenders
Nuclear Power Corp. of India Ltd. http://www.npcil.nic.in/content/262_1_LiveTenders.aspx
Numaligarh Refinery Ltd. http://www.nrl.co.in/Internal_Tender.aspx?PageID=1
Oil & Natural Gas Corp. Ltd. https://tenders.ongc.co.in/
Oil India International Ltd. https://www.oil-india.com/
Oil India Ltd. https://www.oil-india.com/
ONGC Mangalore Petrochemicals Ltd. https://ompl.co.in/tenders
ONGCVidesh Ltd. http://www.ongcvidesh.com/tenders/
Orissa Drugs & Chemicals Ltd. http://www.idplindia.in/corporate-office.php
Orissa Integrated Power Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Orissa Mineral Development Co. Ltd. http://www.orissaminerals.gov.in/website/Tender.aspx?GL=tender
PatratuVidyutUtpadan Nigam Ltd. https://www.ntpc.co.in/en/tenders
Pawan Hans Ltd. http://www.pawanhans.co.in/e_tender.aspx
PEC Ltd. http://www.peclimited.com/Current_Tenders_New.aspx
PetronetCck Ltd. http://petronetcck.com/?page_id=20
PFC Capital Advisory Service Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Pondicherry Ashok Hotel Corp.Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/searchbyorg/India%20Tourism%20Development%20Corporation%20Ltd.
Power Equity Capital Advisors Pvt.Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Power Finance Corp.Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Power Grid Corp.Of India Ltd. http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx
Power Grid Jabalpur Transmission Ltd. https://www.powergridindia.com/search/node/tender
Power Grid Nm Transmission Ltd. http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx
Power Grid Parli Transmission Ltd. http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx
Power Grid Unchahar Transmission Ltd. http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx
Power Grid Vemagiri Transmission Ltd. http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx

Power Grid Vizag Transmission Ltd. http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx
Power Grid Warora Transmission Ltd. http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx
Power System Operation Corp.Ltd. https://posoco.in/side-menu-pages/tenders/
Powergrid Kala Amb Transmission Ltd. http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx
Powergrid Southern Interconnector http://apps.powergridindia.com/powergrid/applications/Tenders/01-0001-001.aspx

Transmission System Ltd.
Prize Petroleum Co.Ltd. http://prizepetroleum.com/
Projects & Development India Ltd. http://www.pdilin.com/tenders1.php
Punjab Ashok Hotel Co.Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/searchbyorg/India%20Tourism%20Development%20Corporation%20Ltd.
Punjab Logistic Infrastructure Ltd. http://www.plil.co.in/tenders.html
Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd. http://www.rvnl.org/tender/view_tender.php
RailtelCorp. Of India Ltd. https://www.railtelindia.com/tenders/active-tenders.html
Railtel Enterprises Ltd. https://www.railtelindia.com/tenders/active-tenders.html
Rajasthan Drugs & Pharmaceuticals https://www.rdpl-india.in/current_tenders.php

Ltd.
Rajasthan Electronics & Instruments http://reiljp.com/tender.html

Ltd.
Ranchi Ashok Bihar Hotel Corp.Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/searchbyorg/India%20Tourism%20Development%20Corporation%20Ltd.
Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd. http://www.rcfltd.com/index.php/en/tenders/trombay-tenders
Rec Power Distribution Co.Ltd. http://www.recpdcl.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=51&Itemid=69
Rec Transmission Projects Co.Ltd. http://www.recpdcl.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=51&Itemid=69
Rites Infrastructure Services Ltd. https://ritesltd.com/index.php?page=page&id=7&name=Tenders&mid=7
Rites Ltd. https://ritesltd.com/index.php?page=page&id=7&name=Tenders&mid=7
Rural Electrification Corp.Ltd. https://www.recindia.nic.in/tender_list.php
Sail Refractory Co.Ltd. https://sailtenders.co.in/
Sambhar Salts Ltd. http://www.indiansalt.com/tenders_main.htm
Scooters India Ltd. http://www.scootersindia.com/tender.html
Security Printing & Minting Corp. India http://www.spmcil.com/SPMCIL/Interface/Tenders.aspx?lnkCorr=gAYr282mX/o=&ExpiryStage=gAYr282mX/o=&SelU=gAYr282mX/o=&Header=MF1tO6o7CiU=

Ltd.
Sjvn Ltd. http://sjvn.nic.in/tender.htm
Sjvn Thermal Pvt.Ltd. http://sjvn.nic.in/tender.htm
Solar Energy Corp.Of India http://seci.co.in/tenders.php
South Central East Delhi Power http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35

Transmission Ltd.
South Eastern Coalfields Ltd.
State Trading Corp.Of India Ltd.,The http://www.stclimited.co.in/content/current-tenders

Stcl Ltd. http://www.stclimited.co.in/content/current-tenders
Steel Authority Of India Ltd. https://sailtenders.co.in/
Tamil Nadu Trade Promotion http://www.chennaitradecentre.org/tenders.html

Organization
Tanda Transmission Co.Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Tatiya Andhra Mega Power Ltd. http://www.pfcindia.com/Home/VS/35
Tcil Bina Toll Road Ltd. https://www.tcil-india.com/tender/pdf/18C446_1.pdf
TcilLakhnadone Toll Road Ltd. https://www.tcil-india.com/tender/pdf/18C446_1.pdf
Telecommunications Consultants India https://www.tcil-india.com/nit.php

Ltd.
THDC India Ltd. http://www.thdc.co.in/notices
Tungabhadra Steel Products Ltd. http://www.tsptbdam.kar.nic.in/tenders.htm
Uranium Corp.Of India Ltd. http://www.ucil.gov.in/nit47.html
Utkal Ashok Hotel Corp.Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/searchbyorg/India%20Tourism%20Development%20Corporation%20Ltd.
Wapcos Ltd. http://www.wapcos.gov.in/current-tender-list.aspx
Western Coalfields Ltd. https://eprocure.gov.in/cppp/tendersearch
Wr-Nr Power Transmission Ltd. http://www.rectpcl.in/live-tender.php
Yule Electrical Ltd. http://www.andrewyule.com/tender_display.php

Public Sector Banks 5
Annexure 5
Public Sector Banks
Banks Website
Allahabad Bank https://www.allahabadbank.in/
Andhra Bank https://www.andhrabank.in/english/TendersPage.aspx
Bank of Baroda https://www.bankofbaroda.com/tender.htm
Bank of India https://www.bankofindia.co.in/Dynamic/Tender?Type=2
Bank of Maharashtra https://www.bankofmaharashtra.in/tendors.asp
Canara Bank http://www.canarabank.com/english/announcements/tenders/
Central Bank of India https://www.centralbankofindia.co.in/English/TendersPage.aspx
Corporation Bank https://corpbank.com/tenders
Dena Bank https://www.denabank.com/viewsection.jsp?lang=0&id=0,47
Indian Bank https://www.indianbank.net.in/jsp/startIBPreview.jsp
Indian Overseas Bank https://www.iob.in/tenderlist.aspx
IDBI Bank https://www.idbi.com/notices.asp
Oriental Bank of Commerce https://www.obcindia.co.in/content/tenders
Punjab and Sind Bank https://www.psbindia.com/module/tender-list
Punjab National Bank https://www.pnbindia.in/Tender.aspx
State Bank of India https://www.sbi.co.in/portal/web/home/procurement-news
Syndicate Bank https://www.syndicatebank.in/english/Tenders.aspx
UCO Bank https://www.ucobank.com/english/tenders.aspx
Union Bank of India https://www.unionbankofindia.co.in/english/Tender.aspx
United Bank of India https://www.unitedbankofindia.com/english/tenderspage.aspx
Vijaya Bank https://www.vijayabank.com/Tender/Open-Tenders

6 Private Sector Banks
Annexure 6
Private Sector Banks
Banks Website
AXIS Bank Ltd. http://www.axisbank.com
Bandhan Bank Limited http://www.bandhanbank.com
City Union Bank Ltd. http://www.cityunionbank.com
Coastal Local Area Bank Ltd. http://www.coastalareabank.com
DCB Bank Ltd. http://www.dcbbank.com
Dhanlaxmi Bank Ltd. http://www.dhanbank.com
Fincare Small Finance Bank Limited http://www.fincarebank.com
ICICI Bank Limited http://www.icicibank.com
IDFC Bank Limited http://www.idfcbank.com
IndusInd Bank Limited http://www.indusind.com
Karnataka Bank Ltd. http://www.ktkbank.com
Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited http://www.kotak.com
Krishna Bhima Samruddhi Local Area Bank Ltd http://www.kbsbankindia.com
RBL Bank Ltd http://www.rblbank.com
Subhadra Local Area Bank Ltd http://www.subhadrabank.com
Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Ltd. http://www.tmb.in
The Catholic Syrian Bank Ltd http://www.csb.co.in
The Federal Bank Ltd. http://www.federalbank.co.in
The HDFC Bank Ltd. http://www.hdfcbank.com
The Jammu & Kashmir Bank Ltd. http://www.jkbank.net
The Karur Vysya Bank Ltd. http://www.kvb.co.in
The Lakshmi Vilas Bank Ltd. http://www.lvbank.com
The Nainital Bank Ltd. http://www.nainitalbank.co.in
The South Indian Bank Ltd. http://www.southindianbank.com
Yes Bank Limited http://www.yesbank.in

Important Links Related to Trade Measures 7
Annexure 7
Important Links Related to Trade Measures
Particulars Links
Govt. of India Directory http://goidirectory.nic.in/
Ministry of Finance http://finmin.nic.in/
Central Board of Excise & Customs http://www.cbec.gov.in/
Ministry of Commerce http://www.cbec.gov.in/
Directorate General of Anti-Dumping http://www.dgtr.gov.in/
Ministry of External Affairs Government of India Directorate General of https://www.mea.gov.in/

CIS
Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) http://ficci.in/
The Associated Chambers of Commerce & Industry (ASOCHAM) http://www.assocham.org/
World Trade Organisation http://www.wto.org/
Safeguard Measures – World Trade Organisation www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/safeg_e/safeg_e.html
United Nations http://www.un.org/
Centre for Trade Development https://www.ictsd.org/
The World Bank http://www.worldbank.org/
Asian Development Bank http://www.adb.org
Related Websites of Authorities and Organisation International and National relevant for foreign Trade
Particulars Links
Directorate General of Foreign Trade-Ministry of Commerce http://dgft.delhi.nic.in/
Govt. of India Directory http://goidirectory.nic.in/
Ministry of Finance http://finmin.nic.in/
Central Board of Excise & Customs http://www.cbec.gov.in/
Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO) www.fieo.org
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) http://www.rbi.org.in/
Indian Missions & Posts, Ministry of External Affairs Government of https://mea.gov.in/index.htm

India
Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India http://meaindia.nic.in/

Ann. 7 – Important links related to Trade measures
Particulars Links
Ministry of Textiles, Govt. of India - Office of the Textile Commissioner, www.txcindia.com/

Mumbai
Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) http://ficci.in/
The Associated Chambers of Commerce & Industry (ASOCHAM) www.assocham.org/
World Trade Organisation http://www.wto.org/
Safeguard Measures – World Trade Organisation https://www.wto.org/
Centre for Trade Development https://www.ictsd.org/
The Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council of India [TEXPROCIL] www.texprocil.com/
World Customs Organisation http://www.wcoomd.org/
World Bank, Washington, US http://www.worldbank.com/
Asia Trade Forum of the Irish Exporters Association www.irishexporters.ie/asia
Australia India Chamber of Commerce www.aicc.com.au/
China Council for the Promotion of International Trade http://en.ccpit.org/info/index.html
Chinese Manufacturers’ Association www.cma.org.hk/
Indian Business Chamber in Vietnam http://www.incham.vn/
Kuala Lumpur and Selangor Indian Chamber of Commerce and www.klsicci.com.my/

Industry
Korea International Trade Association (KITA) www.kita.org/

Important Links Related to Intellectual Property Rights 8
Annexure 8
Important Links Related to Intellectual Property Rights
Patents Office http://www.ipindia.nic.in/patents.htm
Copy Right Authority under the Ministry of Human Resource and http://copyright.gov.in/
Development
Trade Mark registry http://ipindia.nic.in/trade-marks.htm
Designs registration office http://www.ipindia.nic.in/designs.htm
Information on Geographical Indicators https://www.wipo.int/geo_indications/en/
The Convention on Biological Diversity https://www.cbd.int/
India’s Clearing-House Mechanism site http://envfor.nic.in/envis/envis.html
Ministry of Environment & Forests http://envfor.nic.in/
Information on protection of plant varieties and farmers rights http://www.plantauthority.in/
Websites related to Competition
The International Competition Network www.internationalcompetitionnetwork.org/
Competition Commission of India www.competitioncommission.gov.in/
https://www.cci.gov.in/

9 Important Links Related to International Organizations
Annexure 9
Important Links Related to International Organizations
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) https://www.apec.org/
Business and Industry Advisory Committee for the OECD (BIAC) http://www.biac.org/
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ELAC) https://www.cepal.org/en
Free Trade Area of Americas (FTAA)- Competition Policy http://www.ftaa-alca.org/ngroups/ngcomp_e.asp
International Chamber of Commerce http://www.iccwbo.org/
International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO http :// www.intracen.org/
The International Trade Forum-The Magazine of the International http://www.tradeforum.org/

Trade Centre
International Monetary Fund (IMF) http://www.imf.org/
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) http://www.nato.int/
OECD. Organisation For Economic Co-operation and Development, www.oecd.org/daf/clp

Competition Law and Policy
Organisation of American States (OAS) Trade Unit www.oas.org/
United Nation Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) http://www.unctad.org/competition
United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) http://www.uncitral.org/
United Nations Economic and Social Development https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) http://www.unido.org/
Western European Union (WEU) http://www.weu.int/
World Trade Organization (WTO) http://www.wto.org/
World Intellectual Property Organisation https://www.wipo.int/portal/en/index.html

Global Accounting Bodies 10
Annexure 10
Global Accounting Bodies
Country Name Name of the Accounting Body Website Address
Albania Albanian Institute of Authorized Chartered

Accountants
Argentina Federacion Argentina de Consejos Profesionales www.facpce.org.ar
de Ciencias Economicas
Armenia Association of Accountants and Auditors in www.aaaa.am
Armenia
Australia CPA Australia The Institute of Chartered www.cpaonline.com.au
Accountants in Australia National Institute of
Accountants in Australia
Austria Institut Osterreichischer www.kwt.or.at/iwp/frame.html
Wirtschaftsprufer www.kwt.or.at/
Kammer der Wirtschaftstreuhander www.kwt.or.at/index.html
Azerbaijan The Chamber of Auditors of Azerbaijan Republic www.audit.gov.az
Republic
Bahamas The Bahamas Institute of Chartered Accountants www.bica.bs
Bahrain Bahrain Accountants Associations
Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic
Financial Institutions
Bangladesh The Institute of Chartered Accountants of www.icmab.org.bd
Bangladesh.
The Institute of Cost and Management
Accountants of Bangladesh
Barbados The Institute of Chartered Accountants of www.icab.bb
Barbados
Belgium Institut des Experts Comptables www.ibr-ire.be
Institut des Reviseurs d’Entreprises
Bolivia Colegio de Auditores de Bolivia
Bosnia and Association of Accountants and Auditors of
Herzegovina Republika Srpska
Botswana Botswana Institute of Accountants www.bia.org.bw
Brazil Instituto Brasileiro de Contadores www.cfc.org.br
Conselho Federal de Contabilidade
Bulgaria Institute of Certified Public Accountants of
Bulgaria
Cameroon The Institute of Chartered Accountants of
Cameroon
Canada CMA Canada www.cma-canada.org
The Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants www.cica.ca
Certified General Accountants’ Association of www.cga-canada.org/
Canada
Chile Colegio de Contadores de Chile https://www.contach.cl/
China The Chinese Institute of Certified Public www.cicpa.org.cn
Accountants

Ann. 10 – Global Accounting Bodies
Chinese Taiwan Federation of CPA Associations of Chinese https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/federation-cpa-associations-chinese-taiwan

Taiwan
Colombia Instituto Nacional de Contadores Publicos de www.incp.org.co
Colombia
Costa Rica Colegio de Contadores Publicos de Costa Rica www.ccpa.or.cr
Croatia Croatian Association of Accountants and www.rif.hr
Financial Experts
Cyprus The Institute of Certified Public Accountants of www.icpac.org.cy
Cyprus
Czech Republic Chamber of Auditors of the Czech Republic www.kacr.cz
Union of Accountants of the Czech Republic www.svaz-ucetnich.cz
Denmark Foreningen af Statsautoriserede Revisorer www.frr.dk
Foreningen Registrerede Revisorer FRR
Dominican Instituto de Contadores Publicos Autorizados de https://www.icpard.org/
Republic la Republica Dominicana
Ecuador Federacion Nacional de Contadores del Ecuador http://fnce.azurewebsites.net/
Egypt The Egyptian Society of Accountants & Auditors https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/egyptian-society-accountants-auditors
EL Salvador Corporacioacute;n de Contadores de El Salvador https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/instituto-salvadore-o-de-contadores-p-blicos
Instituto Salvadoreno de Contadores Publicos
Estonia Audiitorkogu (Estonian Auditing Board) www.audiitorkogu.ee
Federation of Serbian Association of Accountants and https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/institute-accountants-and-auditors-montenegro
Republics of Auditors Institute of Accountants and Auditors of
Serbia and Montenegro Society of Certified Accountants and
Montenegro Auditors of Kosovo (SCAAK)
Fiji Fiji Institute of Accountants
Finland KHT-yhdistys-Foreningen CGR ry
HTM-tilintarkastajat ry
France Compagnie Nationale des Commissaires www.cncc.fr
aux Comptes Ordre des Experts Comptables www.fidef.org
Federation Internationale des Experts
Comptables Francophones
Georgia Georgian Federation of Professional Accountants https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/georgian-federation-professional-accountants-and-auditors
and Auditors
Germany Institut der Wirtschaftsprufer in Deutschland e.V. www.idw.de
Wirtschaftspruferkammer
Ghana The Institute of Chartered Accountants (Ghana) https://icagh.com/newsite/
Greece Association of Certified Accountants and Auditors www.soel.gr
of Greece (SELE)
Institute of Certified Public Accountants of
Greece (SOEL)
Guatemala Instituto Guatemalteco de Contadores Publicos y https://igcpa.org.gt/
Auditores
Guyana The Institute of Chartered Accountants of https://www.icag.org.gy/
Guyana
Haiti Ordre des Comptables Professionels Agrees http://www.ocpah.ht/
d'Haiti
Honduras Colegio de Peritos Mercantiles y Contadores
Publicos
Hong Kong Hong Kong Society of Accountants www.hksa.org.hk
Hungary Chamber of Hungarian Auditors Chamber of www.mkvk.hu
Hungarian Auditors
Iceland Felag loggiltra Endurskooenda www.fle.is

India The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India www.icai.org

The Institute of Cost Accountants of India www.icwai.org
Indonesia Indonesian Institute of Accountants
Iran The Iranian Institute of Certified Accountants www.iacpa.ir
Iranian Association of Certified Public
Accountants
Iraq Iraqi Union of Accountants and Auditors
Ireland The Institute of Certified Public Accountants in www.cpaireland.ie
Ireland www.iati.ie/
The Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland
The Institute of Accounting Technicians in Ireland
Israel Institute of Certified Public Accountants in Israel
Italy Consiglio Nazionale del Dottori Commercialisti www.cndc.it
Consiglio Nazionale del Ragionieri e Periti
Commerciali
Ivory Coast Ordre des Experts Comptables et Comptables https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/ordre-des-experts-comptables-de-c-te-d-ivoire
Agrees de Cote d'Ivoire
Jamaica The Institute of Chartered Accountants of
Jamaica
Japan The Japanese Institute of Certified Public www.jicpa.or.jp
Accountants
Jordan Jordanian Association of Certified Public
Accountants Arab Society of Certified
Accountants
Kazakhstan Chamber of Auditors of the Republic Kazakhstan www.audit.freenet.kz
Kenya Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Kenya www.icpak.com
Korea Korean Institute of Certified Public Accountants www.kicpa.or.kr
Kuwait Kuwait Association of Accountants and Auditors https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/kuwait-association-accountants-and-auditors
Kyrgyzstan Union of Accountants and Auditors of Kyrgyzstan www.oba.kg

Latvia Latvian Association of Certified Auditors https://eng.lzra.lv/
Lebanon Middle East Society of Associated Accountants
Lebanese Association of Certified Public
Accountants
Lesotho Lesotho Institute of Accountants http://www.lia.org.ls/
Liberia The Liberian Institute of Certified Public
Accountants
Libya Libyan Certified and Public Accountants Union
Luxembourg Institut des Reviseurs d'Entreprises www.ire.lu
Macedonia Association of Accountants, Financial Experts
and Auditors of the Republic of Macedonia
Madagascar Ordre des Experts Comptables et Financiers et https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/ordre-des-experts-comptables-et-financiers-de-madagascar
des https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/ordre-des-experts-comptables-et-financiers-de-madagascar
Comptables Agrees de Madagascar
Malawi The Society of Accountants in Malawi https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/institute-chartered-accountants-malawi
Malaysia Malaysian Institute of Accountants www.mia.org.my

The Malaysian Association of Certified Public https://www.micpa.com.my/
Accountants
Malta The Malta Institute of Accountants www.miamalta.org
Mexico Instituto Mexicano de Contadores Publicos, A.C. www.imcp.org.mx
Moldova Association of Professional Accountants and www.acap.ngo.moldnet.md
Auditors of the Republic of Moldova https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/association-professional-accountants-and-auditors-republic-moldova

Mongolia Mongolian Institute of Certified Public https://www.fmv.lu/en/section/10/120/chartered-accountant-in-luxembourg

Accountants (MonICPA)
Morocco Ordre des Experts Comptables du Royaume du https://www.oecmaroc.com
Maroc (Morocco) (Certified Public Accountants
Association)
Namibia The Institute of Chartered Accountants of https://www.icancpd.net/
Namibia
Nepal The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nepal www.ican.org.np
Netherlands Koninklijk Nederlands Instituut van www.nivra.nl
Registeraccountants
New Zealand New Zealand
Nicaragua Colegio de Contadores Publicos de Nicaragua www.ccpn.org.ni
Nigeria The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria www.ican-ngr.org
Norway Den norske Revisorforening (DnR) www.revisornett.no
Pakistan Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of www.icmap.com.pk
Pakistan www.icap.org.pk
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of
Pakistan
Pakistan Institute of Public Finance Accountants
Panama Colegio de Contadores Publicos Autorizados de https://www.colegiocpapanama.org/
Panama http://amucopa.org/
Asociacion de Mujeres Contadoras de Panama
Paraguay Colegio de Contadores de Paraguay www.ccpy.org.py
Peru Federacion de Colegios de Contadores Publicos
del Peru
Philippines Philippine Institute of Certified Public Accountants www.picpa.com.ph
Poland National Board of Chartered Accountants www.skwp.org.pl
Association in Poland
National Chamber of Statutory Auditors
Portugal Camara dos Revisores Oficiais de Contas www.oroc.pt
Romania Corpul Expertilor Contabili si Contabililor http://ceccar.ro/ro/
Autorizati din Romania www.cafr.ro
The Chamber of Financial Auditors of Romania
Russia The Institute of Professional Accountants of https://www.ipbr.org/
Russia https://www.ipbr.org/
Russian Collegium of Auditors
Saudi Arabia Saudi Organization for Certified Public http://www.altala.com.sa/
Accountants
Sierra Leone The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Sierra http://ica-sl.org.hyssop.arvixe.com/
Leone
Singapore Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants www.accountants.org.sg
Slovakia Slovenska Komora Auditorov https://www.skau.sk/
Slovenia The Slovenian Institute of Auditors www.si-revizija.si
South Africa The South African Institute of Chartered www.saica.co.za
Accountants www.cfa-sa.co.za
The South African Institute of Professional
Accountants
Spain Instituto de Auditores-Censores Jurados de www.iacjce.es
Cuentas de Espana
Sri Lanka The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Sri www.icasrilanka.com
lanka
Association of Accounting Technicians of Sri
Lanka

Swaziland Swaziland Institute of Accountants https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/country/swaziland

Sweden Foreningen Auktoriserade Revisorer www.far.se
Svenska Revisorsamfundet SRS https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/svenska-revisorsamfundet-srs
Switzerland Treuhand-Kammer -Swiss Institute of Certified www.treuhand-kammer.ch
Accountantsand Tax Consultants
Syria Association of Syrian Certified Accountants
Tanzania Tanzania Association of Accountants www.nbaa-tz.org/
National Board of Accountants and Auditors
(NBAA) Tanzania
Thailand The Institute of Certified Accountants and
Auditors of Thailand
Trinidad and The Institute of Chartered Accountants of icatt.org
Tobago Trinidad & Tobago
Tunisia Ordre des Experts Comptables de Tunisie www.oect.org.tn
Turkey Expert Accountants' Association of Turkey www.tmud.org.tr
Union of Chambers of Certified Public https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/union-chambers-certified-public-accountants-turkey
Accountants of Turkey
Ukraine Ukrainian Federation of Professional Accountants ufpaa.org
and Auditors
Uganda Institute of Certified Public Accountants of
Uganda
United Kingdom The Chartered Institute of Management www.cimaglobal.com
Accountants www.icaew.co.uk
The Institute of Chartered Accountants in https://www.cipfa.org/
England & Wales
www.accaglobal.com
The Chartered Institute of Public Finance and
Accountancy www.icas.org.uk
The Association of Chartered Certified
Accountants
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of
Scotland
Association of Accounting Technicians
United States Institute of Management Accountants www.imanet.org
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants www.aicpa.org
National Association of State Boards of www.nasba.org
Accountancy www.isaca.org
Information Systems Audit & Control Association www.theiia.org
The Institute of Internal Auditors
Uruguay Colegio de Contadores y Economistas del www.ccea.com.uy
Uruguay
Uzbekistan National Association of Professional Accountants https://www.ifac.org/about-ifac/membership/members/national-association-accountants-and-auditors-uzbekistan
and Auditors of Uzbekistan

Venezuela Federacion de Colegios de Contadores Publicos www.fccpv.org
de Venezuela
Vietnam Vietnam Accounting Association
Yugoslavia The Association of Accountants and Auditors of https://www.zica.co.zm/
the FR of Yugoslavia
Zambia Zambia Institute of Chartered Public Accountants
Zimbabwe The Institute of Chartered Accountants of www.icaz.org.zw
Zimbabwe
Source: https://icai.org/post.html?post_id=2117

11 Tendering Guidelines issued by ICAI
Annexure 11
Tendering Guidelines issued by ICAI
*A notification dated 7th April, 2016 issued by the Council of audit and attestation services. However, such restriction
ICAI to monitor the tendering system for attest functions. The shall not be applicable where minimum fee of the
Notification states as under assignment is prescribed in the tender document itself or
where the areas are open to other professionals along
with the Chartered Accountants.
Guideline No. 1-CA(7)/03/2016
(ii) This Guideline shall come into force with immediate
In exercise of the powers conferred on it under Item (1) of
effect.
Part II of the Second Schedule of the Chartered Accountants
Act, 1949, the Council of the Institute of Chartered Accountants The same is available at
of India hereby issue the following guidelines for compliance by
https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=12547
the members of the Institute –
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Responding to Tenders
(i) A member of the Institute in practice shall not respond have been prepared for general guidance purpose for members,
to any tender issued by an organization or user of for details, please visit
professional services in areas of services which are
exclusively reserved for chartered accountants, such as http://pdicai.org/docs/Frequently%20Asked%20Questions_18.6.2016_1862016135710211.pdf
Source: https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=12547

Revised Minimum Recommended Scale of Fees . . . 12
Annexure 12
Revised Minimum Recommended Scale of Fees
for the Professional Assignments done by
the Chartered Accountants
The Committee for Capacity Building of Members in Practice is about the fee to be charged as per the work performed for
(CCBMP) of ICAI as a part of its commitment to strengthen various professional assignments.
the Small & Medium Practitioners has initiated the Revised
The fee has been recommended separately for Class A & Class
Minimum Recommended Scale of Fees for the professional
B cities.
assignments done by members of ICAI. The recommendation
Rates
For Class A Cities For Class B Cities

PARTICULARS
Revised Minimum Revised Minimum
Recommended scale of Recommended scale of
Fees Fees
I) ADVISING ON DRAFTING OF DEEDS/AGREEMENTS
(a) i) Partnership Deed Rs 15,000/- & Above Rs 10,000/- & Above
ii) Partnership Deed (With consultation & Tax Advisory) Rs 20,000/- & Above Rs 15,000/-& Above
(b) Filing of Forms with Registrar of Firms Rs 7,000/- & Above Per Rs 5,000/- & Above Per
Form Form
(c) Supplementary/Modification in Partnership Deed Rs 12,000/- & Above Rs 9,000/- & Above
(d) Joint Development Agreements/ Joint Venture Agreements Rs 12000 & Above (See Rs 9000 & Above (See
Note-1) Note-1)
(e) Others Deeds such as Power of Attorney, Will, Gift Deed etc. Rs 5000 & Above Rs 3000 & Above
II) INCOME TAX
A. Filing of Return of Income
I) For Individuals/HUFs etc.
(a) Filing of Return of Income with Salary/Other Sources/Share Rs 8,000/- & Above Rs 6,000/- & Above
of Profit
(b) Filing of Return of Income with detailed Capital Gain working
i) Less than 10 Transactions (For Shares & Securities) Rs 11,000/- & Above Rs 8,000/- & Above
ii) More than 10 Transactions (For Shares & Securities) Rs 17,000/- & Above Rs 12,000/- & Above
(c) Filing of Return of Income for Capital Gain on Immovable Rs 32,000/- & Above Rs 22,000/- & Above
property
(d) Filing of Return of Income with Preparation of Bank Rs 12,000/- & Above Rs 9,000/- & Above
Summary, Capital A/c & Balance Sheet.

Ann. 12 – Revised Minimum Recommended Scale of Fee as prescribed by ICAI
Rates

PARTICULARS
Fees Fees
II) (a) Partnership Firms/Sole Proprietor with Advisory Services Rs 15,000/- & Above Rs 11,000/- & Above
(b) Minor’s I.T. Statement Rs 8,000/- & Above Rs 8,000/- & Above
(c) Private Ltd. Company :
i) Active Rs 25,000/- & Above Rs 17,000/- & Above
ii) Defunct Rs 12,000/- & Above Rs 9,000/- & Above
(d) Public Ltd. Company
i) Active Rs 65,000/- & Above Rs 45,000/- & Above
ii) Defunct Rs 25,000/- & Above Rs 17,000/- & Above
B. Filing of Forms etc. (Quarterly Fees) (Quarterly Fees)
(a) Filing of TDS/TCS Return (per Form)
i) With 5 or less Entries Rs 4,000/- & Above Rs 3,000/- & Above
ii) With more than 5 Entries Rs 9,000/- & Above Rs 7,000/- & Above
(b) Filing of Form No. 15-H/G ( per Set) Rs 4,000/- & Above Rs 3,000/- & Above
(c) Form No. 49-A/49-B Rs 4,000/- & Above Rs 3,000/- & Above
(d) Any other Forms filed under the Income Tax Act Rs 4,000/- & Above Rs 3,000/- & Above
C. Certificate
Obtaining Certificate from Income Tax Department Rs 14,000/- & Above Rs 10,000/- & Above
D. Filing of Appeals etc.
(a) First Appeal Preparation of Statement of Facts, Grounds of Appeal, Rs 32,000/- & Above Rs 22,000/- & Above
Etc.
(b) Second Appeal (Tribunal) Rs 65,000/- & Above Rs 45,000/- & Above
E. Assessments etc.
(a) Attending Scrutiny Assessment/Appeal
(i) Corporate See Note 1 See Note 1
(ii) Non Corporate Rs 32,000/- & Above Rs 22,000/- & Above
(b) Attending before Authorities Rs 10,000/- & Above Per Rs 7,000/- & Above Per
Visit Visit
(c) Attending for Rectification/Refunds/Appeal effect etc. Rs 7,000/- & Above Per Rs 5,000/- & Above Per
Visit Visit
(d) Income Tax Survey Rs 80,000/- & Above Rs 55,000/- & Above
(e) T.D.S. Survey Rs 50,000/- & Above Rs 35,000/- & Above
(f) Income Tax Search and Seizure See Note 1 See Note 1
(g) Any other Consultancy See Note 1 See Note 1
III) CHARITABLE TRUST
(a) (i) Registration Under Local Act Rs 25,000/- & Above Rs 17,000/- & Above

Rates

PARTICULARS
Fees Fees
(ii) Societies Registration Act Rs 32,000/- & Above Rs 22,000/- & Above
(b) Registration Under Income Tax Act Rs 25,000/- & Above Rs 18,000/- & Above
(c) Exemption Certificate U/s 80G of Income Tax Act Rs 20,000/- & Above Rs 14,000/- & Above
(d) Filing Objection Memo/other Replies Rs 10,000/- & Above Rs 7,000/- & Above
(e) Filing of Change Report Rs 10,000/- & Above Rs 7,000/- & Above
(f) Filing of Annual Budget Rs 10,000/- & Above Rs 7,000/- & Above
(g) Attending before Charity Commissioner including for Attending Rs 8,000/- & Above per Rs 6,000/- & Above per
Objections visit visit
(h) (i) F.C.R.A. Registration Rs 35,000/- & Above Rs 25,000/- & Above
(ii) F.C.R.A. Certificatioin Rs 8,000/- & Above Rs 6,000/- & Above
IV) COMPANY LAW AND LLP WORK
(a) Filing Application for Name Approval Rs 8,000/-& Above Rs 6,000/- & Above
(b) Incorporation of a Private Limited Company/LLP Rs 35,000/- & Above Rs 25,000/- & Above
(c) Incorporation of a Public Limited Company Rs 65,000/- & Above Rs 45,000/- & Above
(d) Advisory or consultation in drafting MOA, AOA Rs 15,000/- & Above Rs 12,000/- & Above
(e) (i) Company’s/LLP ROC Work, Preparation of Minutes, Statutory See Note 1 See Note 1
Register & Other Secretarial Work
(ii) Certification (Per Certificate) Rs 15,000/- & Above Rs 10,000/- & Above
(f) Filing Annual Return etc. Rs 10,000/- & Above per Rs 8,000/- & Above per
Form Form
(g) Filing Other Forms Like : F-32, 18, 2 etc. Rs 5,000/- & Above per Rs 4,000/- & Above per
Form Form
(h) Increase in Authorised Capital Filing of F-5, F-23, preparation of Rs 25,000/- & Above Rs 20,000/- & Above
Revised Memorandum of Association/Article of Association/LLP
Agreement
(i) DPIN/DIN per Application Rs 4,000/- & Above Rs 3,000/- & Above
(j) Company Law Consultancy including Petition drafting See Note 1 See Note 1
(k) Company Law representation including LLP before RD and NCLT See Note 1 See Note 1
(l) ROC Representation See Note 1 See Note 1
AUDIT AND OTHER ASSIGNMENTS
Rate per day would depend on the complexity of the work and the
number of days spent by each person
(i) Principal Rs 18,000/- & Above per Rs 12,000/- & Above per
day day
(ii) Qualified Assistants Rs 10,000/- & Above per Rs 8,000/- & Above per
day day

Rates

PARTICULARS
Fees Fees
(iii) Semi Qualified Assistants Rs 5,000/- & Above per Rs 4,000/- & Above per
day day
(iv) Other Assistants Rs 3,000/- & Above per Rs 2,000/- & Above per
day day
Subject to minimum indicative Fees as under:
(i) Tax Audit Rs 40,000/- & Above Rs 30,000/- & Above
(ii) Company Audit
(a) Small Pvt. Ltd. Co. (Turnover up to Rs. 2 Crore) Rs 50,000/- & Above Rs 35,000/- & Above
(b) Medium Size Pvt. Ltd. Co./ Public Ltd. Co. Rs 80,000/- & Above Rs 55,000/- & Above
(c) Large Size Pvt. Ltd. Co./ Public Ltd. Co. See Note 1 See Note 1
(iii) Review of TDS Compliance Rs 25,000/- & Above Rs 20,000/- & Above
(iv) Transfer Pricing Audit See Note 1 See Note 1
VI) INVESTIGATION, MANAGEMENT SERVICES OR SPECIAL ASSIGNMENTS
Rate per day would depend on the complexity of the work and the number
of days spent by each person
(a) Principal Rs 35,000/- & Above + Rs 25,000/- & Above +

per day charge per day charge
(b) Qualified Assistant Rs 18,000/- & Above + Rs 12,000/- & Above +

(c) Semi Qualified Assistant Rs 10,000/- & Above + Rs 7,000/- & Above +
VII) CERIFICATION WORK
(a) Issuing Certificate under the Income Tax Act i.e. See Note 1 See Note 1
U/s. 80iA/80IB/10A/10B & other Certificates
(b) Other Certificates For LIC/Passport/Credit Card/etc. Rs 10,000/- & Above Rs 7,000/- & Above
(c) Other Attestation (True Copy) Rs 3,000/- & Above per Rs 2,000/- & Above per
form Form
(d) Net worth Certificate for person going abroad Rs 18,000/- & Above Rs 12,000/- & Above
VIII) RERA
(a) Audit of Accounts Rs 10,000/- & Above Rs 7,000/- & Above
(b) Appearance Before Appellate Tribunal or Regulatory Authority or Rs 50,000/- & Above Rs 40,000/- & Above
Adjudicating Authority
(c) Advisory & Consultation See Note 1 See Note 1
(d) Certification for withdrawal of amount See Note 1 See Note 1
IX) CONSULTATION & ARBITRATION
Rate per hour would depend on the complexity of the work and the
number of hours spends by each person.

Rates

PARTICULARS
Fees Fees
(a) Principal Rs 35,000/- & Rs 25,000/- &

Above(initial fees) + Above(initial fees) +
additional fees @ Rs additional fees @ Rs
8,000/- & Above per hour 6,000/- & Above per hour
(b) Qualified Assistant Rs 6,000/- & Above per Rs 4,000/- & Above per
hour hour
(c) Semi Qualified Assistant Rs 3,000/- & Above per Rs 2,000/- & Above per
hour hour
X) NBFC/RBI MATTERS
(a) NBFC Registration with RBI See Note 1 See Note 1
(b) Other Returns Rs 18,000/- & Above Rs 12,000/- & Above
XI) GST
(a) Registration Rs 20,000/- & Above Rs 15,000/- & Above
(b) Registration with Consultation See Note 1 See Note 1
(c) Tax Advisory & Consultation i.e. about value, taxability, classification See Note 1 See Note 1
etc.
(d) Challan/Returns Rs 15,000/- & Above + Rs 10,000/- & Above +

(Rs 4,000/- Per Month) (Rs 3,000/- Per Month)
(e) Adjudication/Show Cause notice reply Rs 30,000/- & Above Rs 20,000/- & Above
(f) Filing of Appeal / Appeals Drafting Rs 30,000/- & Above Rs 20,000/- & Above
(g) Furnish details of inward/outward supply See Note 1 See Note 1
(h) Misc services i.e., refund, cancellation/revocation registration, See Note 1 See Note 1
maintain electronic cash ledger etc.
(i) Audit of accounts and reconciliation Statement Rs 40,000/- & Above Rs 20,000/- & Above
(j) Any Certification Work Rs 10,000/- & Above Rs 5,000/- & Above
XII) FEMA MATTERS
1 Filing Declaration with RBI in relation to transaction by NRIs/ OCBs Rs 35,000/- & Above Rs 25,000/- & Above
2 Obtaining Prior Permissions from RBI for Transaction with NRIs/ Rs 50,000/- & Above Rs 35,000/- & Above
OCBs
3 Technical Collaboration: See Note 1 See Note 1

Advising, obtaining RBI permission, drafting and preparing technical
collaboration agreement and incidental matters
4 Foreign Collaboration: See Note 1 See Note 1

Advising, obtaining RBI permission, drafting and preparing technical
collaboration agreement and incidental matters (incl. Shareholders
Agreement)
5 Advising on Non Resident Taxation Matters including Double Tax See Note 1 See Note 1
Avoidance Agreements including FEMA

Rates

PARTICULARS
Fees Fees
XIII) PROJECT FINANCING
(a) Preparation of CMA Data See Note 1 See Note 1
(b) Services relating to Financial sector See Note 1 See Note 1
Notes:
1) Fees to be charged depending on the complexity and the time spent on the particular assignment.
2) The above recommended minimum scale of fees is as recommended by the Committee for Capacity Building of Members
in Practice (CCBMP) of ICAI.
3) The aforesaid table states recommendatory minimum scale of fees works out by taking into account average time required
to complete such assignments. However, members are free to charge varying rates depending upon the nature and
complexity of assignment and time involved in completing the same.
4) Office time spent in travelling & out-of-pocket expenses would be chargeable. The Committee issues for general
information the above recommended scale of fees which it considers reasonable under present conditions. It will be
appreciated that the actual fees charged in individual cases will be matter of agreement between the member and the
client.
5) GST should be collected separately wherever applicable.
6) The Committee also recommends that the bill for each service should be raised separately and immediately after the
services are rendered.
7) Class A Cities here includes Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai, Pune, Hyderabad, Bangalore and Ahmedabad. Class B
Cities includes all other cities not included in “Class A”.
8) The amount charged will be based on the location of the service provider.
Source: https://resource.cdn.icai.org/47945ccbmp37942.pdf

MoU/MRA/Joint Declarations Signed with Foreign Bodies 13
Annexure 13
MoU/MRA/Joint Declarations signed with Foreign Bodies
Particulars Link
Memorandum of Understanding with Chartered Professional https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=15255
Accountants of Canada (CPA Canada)
Mutual Recognition Agreement with the Institute of Certified https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=15250
Public Accountants in Ireland (CPA Ireland)
Mutual Recognition Agreement with the South African Institute https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=14858
of Chartered Accountants (SAICA)
Pilot International Pathway Programme of Chartered https://resource.cdn.icai.org/49849icai-ia39512.pdf
Accountants Australia & New Zealand
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with The Accounting https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=10259
and Auditing Standards Board of Bhutan
Memorandum of Understanding with the Institute of Certified https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=15441
Public Accountants of Kenya (ICPAK)
Form 2A and FAQs - for Entry in ICAI Register as an https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=10488
Associate Member under MRA / MoU of a Foreign Accounting
Body
Memorandum of Understanding with Bahrain Institute of https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=15442
Banking and Finance (BIBF)
Memorandum of Understanding with the National Board of https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=15443
Accountants and Auditors (NBAA), Tanzania
Memorandum of Understanding with the Institute of Chartered https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=15444
Accountants of Nepal (ICAN)
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between ICAI and https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=9283
College of Banking & Financial Studies (CBFS), Oman
Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA) with CPA Australia https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=4289&c_id=227
License Agreement with ISACA https://www.icai.org/post.html?post_id=13023
Source: https://www.icai.org/new_post.html?post_id=5617&c_id=80

14 Revised Guidelines of Network
Annexure 14
Revised Guidelines of Network
1. Short Title & Commencement 3. Concept
(i) These Guidelines may be called ‘Guidelines for The Concept of Network is explained in appendix I,
Networking.’ which forms an integral part of these guidelines.
(ii) These Guidelines shall come into force on the 27th day
4. Forms of the Network
of September, 2011
The different forms of Network can be as under:-
2. Definitions
4.1 A network can be constituted as a mutual
(i) In this guidelines, unless there is anything repugnant in entity which will act as a facilitator for the
the subject or context,— constituents of the Network. In such a case the
Network itself will not carry out any professional
(a) Act–“Act” means The Chartered Accountants Act, practice.
1949.
4.2 A network can be constituted as a partnership firm
(b) Code of Ethics – “Code of Ethics” means the Code subject to the condition that the total number of
of Ethics issued by the Institute and decisions of partners does not exceed twenty.
the Council in this regard.
4.3 A network can be constituted as a Limited
(c) Council–“Council” means the Council of the Liability Partnership subject to the provision of
Institute. the Chartered Accountant Act and Rules and such
other laws as may be applicable.
(d) Firm – “Firm” means a sole Practitioner / proprietor,
partnership or any such entity of professional 4.4 A network can be constituted as company subject to
accountants as may be permitted by law. the guidelines prescribed by Institute for corporate
form of practice and formation of management
(e) Institute – “Institute” means the Institute of
consultancy services company.
Chartered Accountants of India.
4.5 Network Firms shall consist of sole Practitioner/
(f) Member – “Member” means a Member of the
proprietor, partnership or any such entity of
Institute as defined in Section 2(x) of The Chartered
professional accountants as may be permitted by
Accountants Regulations, 1988.
the Act
(g) Network - A larger structure:
4.6 A firm is allowed to join only one network.
(a) That is aimed at co-operation; and
4.7 Firms having common partners shall join only one
(b) That is clearly aimed at profit or cost sharing or Network.
shares common ownership, control or management,
common quality control policies and procedures, 5. Approval of Name of Network amongst firms
common business strategy, the use of a common registered with Institute
brand name, or a significant part of professional
5.1 The Network may have distinct name which should be
resources.
approved by the Institute. To distinguish a “Network” from
(h) Network Firm – “Network Firm” means a firm or a “firm” of Chartered Accountants, the words “& Affiliates”
Entity that belongs to a Network. shall be used after the name of the network and the
words “& Co.”/“& Associates” shall not be used. The
(i) Regulations – “Regulations” means Chartered prescribed format of application for approval of Name
Accountants Regulations, 1988. for Network is at Form ‘A’ (enclosed). The names of the
network may be as mentioned in Appendix II.

Ann. 14 – Revised Guidelines of Network
5.2 Provisions of Regulation 190 of the Chartered Network, the network shall communicate the same to
Accountants Regulations, 1988 shall be applicable to the Institute by filing Form ‘C’ within a period of thirty
the name of Network. However, even if a name is (30) days from the date of change in the constitution.
approved and subsequently it is found that the same
is undesirable then, the said name may be withdrawn 9. Ethical Compliance
at any time by the Institute. The Institute shall reject
any undesirable name and the provisions in respect of Once the relationship of network arises, it will be
names of companies as prescribed in the Companies necessary for such a network to comply with all
Act, 1956 shall be applicable in spirit. applicable ethical requirements prescribed by the
Institute from time to time in general and the following
5.3 The Institute shall approve or reject the name of the requirements in particular: -
Network and intimate the same to the Network at its
address mentioned in Form ‘A’ within a period which 9.1 If one firm of the network is the statutory auditor of an
shall not be later than 30 days from the date of receipt entity then the associate [including the networked firm(s)]
of the said Form. or the said firm directly/indirectly shall not accept the
internal audit or book-keeping or such other professional
5.4 Mere approval of the name of the Network shall not assignments which are prohibited for the statutory
entitle the Network to carry on practice in its own name. auditor firm.
6. Registration of Network with entities in India 9.2 The guidelines of ceiling on Non-audit fees is applicable
in relation to a Network as follows:—
6.1 After the name of a Network is approved as per provision
under Guideline 5, the Institute same shall reserve such i) For a Network firm who is doing statutory audit
name for a period of three (3) months from the date of (including its associate concern and/or firm(s)
approval. having common partnership), it shall be the same
as mentioned in the said notification; and
6.2 The Network shall get itself registered with the Institute
by applying in Form B within the period of 3 months, ii) For other firms of the same Network collectively,
failing which the name assigned shall stand cancelled it shall be 3 times of the fee payable for carrying
on the expiry of the said period. out the statutory audit of the same undertaking/
company.
6.3 Registration of Network with Institute is mandatory.
9.3 In those cases where rotation of firms is prescribed by
6.4 If different Indian firms are networked with a common
any regulatory authority, no member firm of the network
Multinational Accounting Firm, they shall be considered
can accept appointment as an auditor in place of any
as a part of network.
member firm of the network which is retiring.
7. Listing of Network with entities outside India 9.4 The Network may advertise the Network to the extent
permitted by the Advertisement Guidelines issued by
7.1 The duly authorized representative(s) of the Indian
Institute. The firms constituting the network are permitted
Member firm(s)/Member constituting the Network with
to use the words “Network Firms” on their professional
entities outside India shall file a declaration with the
stationery.
Institute in Form `D’ for Listing of such Network within
30 days from the date of entering into the Network 9.5 The constituent member firms of a Network and the
arrangement. Network shall comply with all the Ethical Standards
prescribed by the Council from time to time.
7.2 Proprietary/individual members, partnership firms as well
as members in LLP or any such other entity of members
10. Consent of Client
as may be permitted by the Act, shall be permitted to
join such network with entities outside India provided The effect of registration of network with Institute
that the proprietary/individual members, partnership firms will be deemed to be a public notice of the network
as well as members in LLP or any such other entity and therefore consent of client will be deemed to be
of members are allowed to join only one network and obtained.
firms having common partners shall join only one such
network. 11. Framework of Internal Bye-laws of Network
8. Change in constitution of registered Network: To streamline the networking, a network shall formulate
operational bye-laws. Bye-laws may contain the following
In case of change in the constitution of registered clauses on which the affiliates of the network may enter
Network on account of any entry into or exit from the into a written agreement among themselves:

(i) Appointment of a Managing Committee, from Appendix-I

among the managing partners of the member
firms of the network and the terms and conditions
(Referred to in para 3 of the Guidelines
under which it should function. The minimum and of Network and forms an integrated part
maximum number of members of the Managing of the Guidelines)
Committee shall also be agreed upon.
(ii) Administration of the network CONCEPT

(iii) Contribution of membership fees to meet the cost 1.1 To enhance their ability to provide professional services,
of the administration of the network. firms frequently form larger structures with other
firms and entities. Whether these larger structures
(iv) Identifying a partner of any of the member firms of
create a network depends on the particular facts and
the network to be responsible for the assignment
circumstances and does not depend on whether the
(engagement partner)
firms and entities are legally separate and distinct.
(v) Dispute settlement procedures through arbitration For example, a larger structure may be aimed only at
and conciliation facilitating the referral of work, which in itself does not
meet the criteria necessary to constitute a network.
(vi) Development of training materials for members of
Alternatively, a larger structure might be such that it is
the network
aimed at co-operation and the firms share a common
(vii) Issue of News-letters for staff and clients brand name, a common system of quality control, or
significant professional resources and consequently is
(viii) Development of softwares for different types of deemed to be a network.
assignments
1.2 The judgment as to whether the larger structure is a
(ix) Development and maintenance of data bases network shall be made in light of whether a reasonable
relevant for different types of assignments and informed third party would be likely to conclude,
(x) Library weighing all the specific facts and circumstances, that
the entities are associated in such a way that a network
(xi) Appointment of a technical director to whom exists. This judgment shall be applied consistently
references can be made throughout the network.
(xii) Determining the methodology for drawing resources 1.3 Where the larger structure is aimed at co-operation
from each member firm and it is clearly aimed at profit or cost sharing among
the entities within the structure, it is deemed to be
(xiii) Determining compensation to member firms for
a network. However, the sharing of immaterial costs
resources to be drawn from them
does not in itself create a network. In addition, if the
Peer review of the member firms sharing of costs is limited only to those costs related to
the development of audit methodologies, manuals, or
These clauses are illustrative. training courses, this would not in itself create a network.
Further, an association between a firm and an otherwise
12. Repeal and Saving unrelated entity to jointly provide a service or develop a
The erstwhile “Rules/Guidelines of Network” issued product does not in itself create a network.
by the Institute stands repealed from the date of 1.4 Where the larger structure is aimed at co-operation
commencement of these Guidelines. and the entities within the structure share common
Provided that notwithstanding such repeal, anything done ownership, control or management, it is deemed to be
or any action taken or purported to have been done or a network. This could be achieved by contract or other
taken in respect of the erstwhile Rules/Guidelines prior means.
to the date of applicability of these Guidelines shall 1.5 Where the larger structure is aimed at co-operation
be deemed to have been done or taken under the and the entities within the structure share common
corresponding provisions of these Guidelines. quality control policies and procedures, it is deemed
to be a network. For this purpose, common quality
control policies and procedures are those designed,
implemented and monitored across the larger structure.
1.6 Where the larger structure is aimed at co-operation

and the entities within the structure share a common

business strategy, it is deemed to be a network. Sharing Audit methodology or audit manuals; and
a common business strategy involves an agreement
Training courses and facilities.
by the entities to achieve common strategic objectives.
An entity is not deemed to be a network firm merely 1.10 The determination of whether the professional resources
because it co-operates with another entity solely to shared are significant, and therefore the firms are
respond jointly to a request for a proposal for the network firms, shall be made based on the relevant
provision. facts and circumstances. Where the shared resources
are limited to common audit methodology or audit
1.7 Where the larger structure is aimed at co-operation
manuals, with no exchange of personnel or client
and the entities within the structure share the use of
or market information, it is unlikely that the shared
a common brand name, it is deemed to be a network.
resources would be significant. The same applies to a
A common brand name includes common initials or a
common training endeavour. Where, however, the shared
common name. A firm is deemed to be using a common
resources involve the exchange of people or information,
brand name if it includes, for example, the common
such as where staff are drawn from a shared pool, or a
brand name as part of, or along with, its firm name,
common technical department is created within the larger
when a partner of the firm signs an audit report.
structure to provide participating firms with technical
1.8 Even though a firm does not belong to a network and advice that the firms are required to follow, a reasonable
does not use a common brand name as part of its and informed third party is more likely to conclude that
firm name, it may give the appearance that it belongs the shared resources are significant.
to a network if it makes reference in its stationery
or promotional materials to being a member of an
association of firms. Accordingly, if care is not taken in Appendix-II
how a firm describes such memberships, a perception
(Referred to in para 5.1 of the
may be created that the firm belongs to a network.
Guidelines of Network and forms an
1.9 Where the larger structure is aimed at co-operation and
integrated part of the Guidelines)
the entities within the structure share a significant part
of professional resources, it is deemed to be a network.
Illustrative examples of names of Network:—
Professional resources include:
a) If the Network is a Mutual Entity or Partnership Firm:
Common systems that enable firms to exchange
AB & Affiliates b) If the Network is a LLP:
information such as client data, billing and time records;
b) AB Affiliates LLP
Partners and staff;
c) If the Network is a Limited Company:
Technical departments that consult on technical or
industry specific issues, transactions or events for d) AB Affiliates P. Ltd/Limited
assurance engagements;
Form `A’
APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL OF NAME FOR NETWORK OF FIRMS
[See the relevant Rule of Guidelines of Network amongst the firms registered
with The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India]
1. Proposed name of Network 1. ____________________________

(in order of preference) if the Network 2. ____________________________
has a distinct name 3. ____________________________
4. ____________________________
2. Name(s) of the Firm Name/ Firm Regn. No./
firm(s)/Member(s) Member Name M.No.
forming network 1. __________________ __________________
2. __________________ __________________
3. __________________ __________________
4. __________________ __________________

3. Address of the Office of the Network

__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ Pin _______________________
E-mail (if any) ______________________________________________________________________________________
Phone No. _________________________________________________________________________________________
4. We hereby declare that the above firm(s)/Member(s) proposed/have entered into an understanding to form a network in
accordance with Guidelines of Network amongst the firms registered with The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
and further affirm and confirm that the partner signing the application has been duly authorised by the other partners of
the respective firms.
Place : ……………………….. Name(s) with Membership No(s).

and signature(s) of duly authorized
Date : ……………………….. Partner(s)/Proprietor(s) of the firms/

Member constituting Network
Instruction: A copy of the authorisation to be filed with the Institute by the partner signing the declaration on behalf the firm.
Form ‘B’
APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION OF NETWORK AMONGST FIRMS WITH INSTITUTE –
INDIAN AFFILIATION THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA
[See relevant Rule of Guidelines of Network amongst the firms registered
PARTICULARS OF NETWORK
1. Name of the Network
2. Address of the Network
3. Names and addresses of firms/Member constituting the Network
Names and addresses of Firm Registration No./M.No.
Firm(s)/Member(s)
4. Date and approval number of network name given by Institute
5. (a) Date of formation of Network
6. We undertake to comply with the guidelines/directions laid down by the Council regarding Network from time to time.
We hereby confirm that all the Network firms have entered into an understanding to work as a network in accordance with the
Guidelines of Network amongst the firms registered with the Institute and further affirm and confirm that the partner signing the
application has been duly authorized by the other partners of the respective firms.
Place : ……………………….. Name(s) with membership No(s).

and
Date: …………………. Signature(s) of duly authorized
Partner(s)/Proprietor(s) of the
firms/Member constituting Network

Chapter IX (Appointment As Statutory Auditor) Of (a) audit under any other statute;
Council General Guidelines No.1-CA(7)/02/2008,
(b) certification work required to be done by the
Dated 8TH AUGUST, 2008
statutory auditors; and
9.0 A member of the Institute in practice shall not accept
(c) any representation before an authority;
the appointment as statutory auditor of Public Sector
Undertaking(s)/ Government Company(ies)/Listed (ii) the term “associate concern” means any corporate
Company(ies) and other Public Company(ies) having body or partnership firm which renders the
turnover of Rs. 50 crores or more in a year where he Management Consultancy and all other professional
accepts any other work(s) or assignment(s) or service(s) services permitted by the Council wherein the
in regard to the same Undertaking(s)/ Company(ies) on a proprietor and/or partner(s) of the statutory auditor
remuneration which in total exceeds the fee payable for firm and/or their “relative(s)” is/are Director/s or
carrying out the statutory audit of the same Undertaking/ partner/s and/or jointly or severally hold “substantial
company. interest” in the said corporate body or partnership;
Provided that in case appointing authority(ies)/regulatory (iii) the terms “relative” and “substantial interest” shall
body(ies) specify(ies) more stringent condition(s)/ have the same meaning as are assigned thereto
restriction(s), the same shall apply instead of the under Appendix (9) to the Chartered Accountants
conditions/restrictions specified under these Guidelines. Regulations, 1988.
9.1 The above restrictions shall apply in respect of fees for 9.3 In regard to taking up other work(s) or service(s) or
other work(s) or service(s) or assignment(s) payable to assignment(s) of the undertaking/company referred to
the statutory auditors and their associate concern(s) put above, it shall be open to such associate concern or
together. corporate body to render such work(s) or service(s) or
assignment(s) so long as aggregate remuneration for
9.2 For the above purpose,
such other work(s) or service(s) or assignment(s) payable
(i) the term “other work(s)” or “service(s)” or to the statutory auditor/s together with fees payable to
“assignment(s)” shall include Management its associate concern(s) or corporate body(ies) do/does
Consultancy and all other professional services not exceed the aggregate of fee payable for carrying
permitted by the Council pursuant to Section 2(2) out the statutory audit.
(iv) of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 but
shall not include:-
Form ‘C’
DECLARATION FOR CHANGE IN CONSTITUTION OF REGISTERED NETWORK
[See relevant Rule of Guidelines of Network amongst the firms registered
3. Names and addresses of firms constituting the Network
Names and addresses Firm
of Firm(s)/Member(s) Registration
No./M. No.
4. Name and address of the firm/member willing to enter/exit into/from the Network
Name and address of Firm Registration
Firm(s)/Member(s) No./M. No.
Date of change in the constitution:

We hereby declare that the above firm(s)/Members(s) proposed to have enter/exit into/from the network in accordance with the
Guidelines of Network amongst the firms registered with the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and further affirm and the
confirm that the partner signing the application has been duly authorized by the other partners of the respective firms.
Place : ……………………… Name(s) with Membership No(s).

Date : ……………………… Partner(s)/Proprietor(s) of the firms
Instruction: A copy of the authorisation to be filed with the Institute by the partner signing the declaration on behalf the firm.
Form `D’
DECLARATION TO BE FILED FOR NETWORK WITH ENTITIES OUTSIDE INDIA
[See relevant rule of Guidelines of Network amongst the firms registered with
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India]
PARTICULARS OF NETWORK WITH ENTITIES OUTSIDE INDIA
3. Date on which the Indian firms have joined the present Network arrangement:
4. Name(s) & address(es) of all the firm(s) joined/joining the Network
Name(s) of Firm(s) Firm Registration Number(s)
Verification
I/We solemnly declare and affirm that the information provided is true and correct to my/our knowledge and belief.
Place: …………………… Name(s) with Membership No(s)

and signature(s) of a duly authorised
Date: …………………. Partner of the Indian firm(s)/

Member joining the Network
Note:
(i) All existing Network should file this declaration on or before 30th June____________.
(ii) Any new network arrangement shall file this declaration within 30 days of entering into the Network arrangement.
(iii) A copy of the authorisation to be filed with the Institute by the Partner signing the declaration on behalf of the firm.
(iv) The declaration may be filed jointly or separately with the Institute by the firms entering the Network.
Source: http://ccbmp.icai.org/documents/Network_Guidelines-August-1_21.09.pdf

ICAI Rules of Merger & Demerger of CA Firms 15
Annexure 15
ICAI Rules of Merger & Demerger of CA Firms
ANNOUNCEMENT (i) having an association with an accounting

entity within or outside India such
RULES OF NETWORK AND MERGER-DEMERGER that it results directly or indirectly in a
AMONGST THE FIRMS REGISTERED WITH THE common professional economic or beneficial
INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF interest.
INDIA (ii) one or more of the entities holding out that
The Council at its 245th Meeting held from 31st August, 2004 it is so affiliated or networked.
to 2nd September, 2004 at New Delhi considered the Report of 2. An entity shall not be treated as an affiliate of
the Study Group on Capacity Building Measures of CA Firms another merely for the reason that they
and accepted the same with certain modification. The report as
accepted has been hosted in the web site of the Institute under (a) share professional knowledge and data base;
the title, ‘Capacity Building Measures 2004’.
(b) refer certain professional assignments or
The Council at its 247th Meeting held from 4th January to authorize the other to represent certain
6th January, 2005 at New Delhi has decided that the Rules specific matters.
of Network amongst the firms registered with ICAI, Rules of 3. If different Indian firms are networked with a
Merger & Demerger formulated and finalized on the basis of common Multi National Accounting Firm (MAF)
recommendations of the Study Group shall come into force then irrespective of the presence/absence of any
w.e.f. 6th January, 2005. affiliate relationship between the Indian firms inter-
In the matter relating to network of firms registered with ICAI se, they shall be considered as part of a network.
and entities outside India, the Council decided that in addition (ii) Formal Network - Formal network means a network
to the compliance with the Rules of Network amongst the firms amongst two or more firms registered with The Institute
registered with ICAI, the entities outside India wiling to form of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), where the
network with Indian CA firms would give a declaration in Form object of network is to use the collective resources of the
‘D’ (enclosed). affiliates for execution of professional services of one or
more types at one and/or at multi-locational points. The
RULES OF NETWORK resources would include financial, technical and other
logistic support required to execute the professional
1. These Rules are called Rules for Network amongst
assignments. In such type of network, the common
the firms Registered with The Institute of Chartered resources may be pooled and exhibited together before
Accountants of India. the service user as those belonging to one particular set
of professionals.
2. Definition.
(iii) Referal Practice - Referal Practice means a practice to
(i) Network - Network amongst two or more firms means refer professional work by a firm to one of its associate/
an arrangement to facilitate the better functioning of the affiliate either situated at a different place or rendering
affiliate member firms in the interest of the profession professional services not provided by it, to the user
and not for acquisition of any gain. Such Network of the services. The pre-dominant objective of such a
shall include the formal Network to use the collective network is not to pool in their collective resources and
resources such as turnover, infrastructures, manpower, exhibit them as those belonging to one particular set of
location for execution of Professional services of one or professionals.
more type.
(iv) Act - Act means The Chartered Accountants Act, 1949.
[Explanation -
(v) Regulations - Regulations means Chartered Accountants
1. An affiliation as referred to above shall also Regulations, 1988.
include:-

Ann. 15 – ICAI Rules of Merger & Demerger of CA Firms
(vi) Code of Ethics - Code of Ethics means the Code of It is only if these Indian firms decide to constitute a
Ethics issued by the Institute and decisions of the Formal Network, then the registration with the Institute
Council in this regard. is mandatory.
(vii) Institute - Institute means the Institute of Chartered

5. Ethical Compliance
Accountants of India.
Once the relationship of network arises, whether
(viii) Council - Council means the Central Council of the
registered or not with the Institute, it will be necessary
Institute.
for such a network to comply with all applicable ethical
(ix) Member - Member means a Member in Practice. requirements prescribed by the Institute from time-to-time
Member in Practice means a Member in Practice as in general and the following requirements in particular: -
defined in the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949.
(a) If one firm of the network is the statutory auditor
of an entity then the associate [including the
3. Name of Network
networked firm(s)] or the said firm directly/indirectly
(i) The Network may have distinct name which should be should not accept the internal audit or book-
approved by the Institute. To distinguish a “Network” from keeping or such other professional assignments
a “firm” of Chartered Accountants, the words “& Affiliates” which are prohibited for the statutory auditor firm.
should be used after the name of the network and the
(b) The Notification No. 1-CA(7)/60/2002 dated 8th
words “& Co.”/”& Associates” should not be used. The
March, 2002 (enclosed) in respect of ceiling
prescribed format of application for approval of Name
on Non-audit fees is applicable in relation to a
for Network is at Form •A’ (enclosed).
Network as follows: -
(ii) Standards prescribed in Regulations 190 of the
i) For a constituent member of a Network
Chartered Accountants Regulations, 1988 shall be
who is doing statutory audit (including its
applicable to the name of Network. However, even if
associate concern and/or firm(s) having
a name is provided and subsequently it is found that
common partnership), it shall be the same
the same is undesirable then, the said name can be
as mentioned in the said notification; and
withdrawn at any time by the Institute. The Institute
shall reject any undesirable name and the provisions ii) For other constituent member(s) of the same
in respect of names of companies as prescribed in the Network collectively, it shall be 3 times of
Companies Act, 1956 shall be applicable in spirit. the fee payable for carrying out the statutory
audit of the same undertaking/company.
(iii) The network should neither be permitted to advertise
nor to use logo. The firms constituting the network (c) In those cases where rotation of firms is prescribed
are permitted to use the words “Affiliates/Members of by any regulatory authority, no member firm of the
..” (a network of Indian CA firms) on their professional network can accept appointment as an auditor in
stationery. place of any member firm of the network which is
retiring. However, this restriction shall not apply in
(iv) Network may work without a Name also.
case of appointment as Statutory Central Auditor of
Government agencies/Undertakings such as Public
4. Registration
Sector Undertakings (PSUs), Public Sector Banks
(i) A Formal Network is required to be registered with the and Financial Institutions etc.
Institute in a prescribed Form ‘B’ (enclosed).
(d) The Constituent member firms of a Network & the
(ii) Referal Practice requires no registration. Network shall comply with all the Ethical Standards
prescribed by the Council from time to time.
(iii) It is for each firm to decide whether its affairs and
relations with another firm results in creation of a Formal 6. Consent of Client
Network. Network shall evaluate for itself whether or
not it is a formal network requiring registration with the The network shall obtain consent of the client to engage
Institute. an affiliate in discharging the professional assignments.
(iv) If different Indian firms are networked with a common 7. Constitution of Network
Multinational Accounting Firm (MAF) then irrespective
of the presence/absence of any ‘affiliate’ relationship (i) Proprietary/partnership firm(s) as well as individual
between the Indian firms inter-se, they shall be member(s) are permitted to form a Network.
considered as part of a network. As such, for these
(ii) A proprietary/partnership firm as well as individual
firms the registration with the Institute is not mandatory.
Member are allowed to join only one Formal network.

(iii) Firms having common partners shall join only one clauses on which the affiliates of the network may enter
network. into a written agreement among themselves:
(i) Appointment of a Managing Committee, from

8. Object of Network
among the managing partners of the member
The Network itself will not carry on any business for firms of the network and the terms and conditions
acquisition of gain for itself and only act as a facilitator under which it should function. The minimum and
for its members/constituent Member firms to pursue their maximum number of members of the Managing
professional jobs. Committee shall also be agreed upon.
(ii) Administration of the network

9. Responding to Enquiries
(iii) Contribution of membership fees to meet the cost
Only one firm/Member can apply on behalf of the
of the administration of the network.
network showing the collective strength of all the
constituent firms of the network, when responding to (iv) Identifying a partner of any of the member firms of
any enquiry. the network to be responsible for the assignment
(engagement partner)
10. Issuing Reports
(v) Dispute settlement procedures through arbitration
Only the firm(s)/Member(s) forming Network are eligible and conciliation
to issue/sign/attest any certificate/Report/professional
(vi) Development of training materials for members of
document/assignment.
the network
11. Violation of Act (vii) Issue of News-letters for staff and clients
In case of alleged violation of the provisions of the Act, (viii) Development of softwares for different types of
Regulations framed thereunder, guidelines/directions laid assignments
down by the Council from time to time and Code of
Ethics by the Network firm, the proprietory/partnership (ix) Development and maintenance of data bases
firm(s)/individual Member constituting the Network would relevant for different types of assignments
be answerable. (x) Library
12. Exit From Network (xi) Appointment of a technical director to whom

references can be made
A constituent Member firm/Member of a Network can exit
from the network by sending the declaration in Form ‘C’ (xii) Determining the methodology for drawing resources
(enclosed) to the Institute and also to each and every from each member firm
constituent of the network. The concurrence/acceptance
(xiii) Determining compensation to member firms for
of the same by other firms forming part of the network
resources to be drawn from them
firm shall not be required.
(xiv) Peer review of the member firms. These clauses
13. Framework of Internal Bye-laws of Network requiring are illustrative.
Registration
To streamline the networking, a network shall formulate

operational bye-laws. Bye-laws may contain the following
Form A’
APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL OF NAME FOR NETWORK OF FIRMS
[See Rule 3 of Rules of Network amongst the firms registered with
1. Proposed name of Network 1. _________________________
(in order of preference) if the Network 2. _________________________
has a distinct name 3. _________________________
4. _________________________

2. Name(s) of the Firm Name/ Firm Regn. No./
firm(s)/Member(s) Member Name M.No.
forming network 1. _______________ _______________
2. _______________ _______________
3. _______________ _______________
4. _______________ _______________
3. Address of the Office of the Network
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ Pin E-mail (if any) ___________________
4. We hereby declare that the above firm(s)/Member(s) proposed/have entered into an understanding to form a network
in accordance with Rules of Network amongst the firms registered with The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
and further affirm and confirm that the partner signing the application has been duly authorised by the other partners of
the respective firms.
Place : ___________________ Name(s) with Membership No(s).

Date Partner(s)/Proprietor(s) of the firms/

Form ‘B’
DECLARATION FOR REGISTRATION OF FORMAL NETWORK AMONGST FIRMS REGISTERED WITH ICAI
PARTICULARS OF NETWORK HAVING INDIAN AFFILIATION
3. Names and addresses of firms/Member constituting the Network
Names and addresses of Firm(s)/Member(s)
Firm Registration No./M.No.
(b) Date on which present network arrangement was entered into
5. We undertake to comply with the guidelines/directions laid down by the Council regarding Network from time to time.
We hereby declare that:
(a) the network constituents have entered into an agreement to form this network.
(b) that the partner(s) signing this declaration has been duly authorized by the other partners of the firm
Place : ___________________________ Name(s) with Membership No(s).

Date : ___________________________ Partner(s)/Proprietor(s) of the firms/


Notification No.1-CA(7)/60/2002 (iv) of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 but

dated 8th March, 2002 shall not include:—
(i) audit under any other statute;

1-CA(7)/60/2002:
(ii) certification work required to be done by the
In exercise of the powers conferred by clause (ii) of Part II of
the Second Schedule to the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949,
the Council of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (iii) any representation before an authority;
hereby specifies that a member of the Institute in practice
shall be deemed to be guilty of professional misconduct, if (ii) the term “associate concern” means any corporate
he accepts the appointment as statutory auditor of Public body or partnership firm which renders the
Sector Undertaking(s)/Government Company(ies)/Listed Management Consultancy and all other professional
Company(ies) and other Public Company(ies) having turnover services permitted by the Council wherein the
of Rs. 50 crores or more in a year and accepts any other proprietor and/or partner(s) of the statutory auditor
work(s) or assignment(s) or service(s) in regard to the same firm and/or their “relative(s)” is/are Director/s or
Undertaking(s)/Company(ies) on a remuneration which in total partner/s and/or jointly or severally hold “substantial
exceeds the fee payable for carrying out the statutory audit of interest” in the said corporate body or partnership;
the same Undertaking/company. (iii) the terms “relative” and “substantial interest” shall
Provided that in case appointing authority(ies)/regulatory have the same meaning as are assigned under
body(ies) specify(ies) more stringent condition(s)/restriction(s), Appendix (10) [now Appendix (9)] to the Chartered
the same shall apply instead of the conditions/restrictions Accountants Regulations, 1988.
specified in this Notification. 3. In regard to taking up other work(s) or service(s) or
Explanation: assignment(s) of the undertaking/company referred to
above, it shall be open to such associate concern or
1. The above restrictions shall apply in respect of fees for corporate body to render such work(s) or service(s) or
other work(s) or service(s) or assignment(s) payable to assignment(s) so long as aggregate remuneration for
the statutory auditors and their associate concern(s) put such other work(s) or service(s) or assignment(s) payable
together; to the statutory auditor/s together with fees payable to
its associate concern(s) or corporate body(ies) do/does
2. For the above purpose,
not exceed the aggregate of fee payable for carrying
(i) the term “other work(s)” or “service(s)” or out the statutory audit.
“assignment(s)” shall include Management
4. This notification is applicable for any appointment(s) on
Consultancy and all other professional services
or after 1st April, 2002.
permitted by the Council pursuant to Section 2(2)
Form ‘C’
DECLARATION FOR DISSOCIATION FROM A NETWORK
[See Rule 12 of Rules of Network amongst the firms registered with
3. Names and addresses of firms constituting the Network
Names and addresses of Firm(s)/Member(s)
Firm Registration No./M. No.
4. Name and address of the firm/member willing to dissociate from the Network
Name and address of Firm(s)/Member(s)
Firm Registration No./M. No.
In pursuance to the Rule 12 of Rules of the Network issued by The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, We/I hereby declare
our dissociation from the Network w.e.f. _______________________ .

I hereby declare that I have been duly authorised by the other partners to issue this declaration.
Place : __________________ Name with Membership No(s).

Date : __________________ Partner(s)/Proprietor of the firm/

Member dissociating from the Network
Form ‘D’
DECLARATION TO BE FILED FOR NETWORK WITH ENTITIES OUTSIDE INDIA
NETWORK WITH ENTITIES OUTSIDE INDIA
REGISTRATION NO.
PARTICULARS OF NETWORK WITH ENTITTIES OUTSIDE INDIA
3. Name(s) & address(es) of firm(s)/entity(ies) constituting the Network
(A) Indian firm(s) forming part of Network:
Name(s) of Firm(s) Firm Registration Number(s)
(B) Outside entity(ies) forming part of Network :
Name(s) of the entity(ies) Registration No. of entity(ies), the name(s) of enactment(s)/

charter(s) under which Registered with the name of country(ies)
(b) Date on which present network arrangement was entered into
5. Detail of ownership and management structure of outside entity(ies) constituting the Network
We, the authorized representative(s) of the entity(ies) outside India, hereby solemnly declare and undertake that :
(1) we are conversant with the provisions of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949, the Chartered Accountants Regulations,
the Code of Ethics and guidelines/directions regarding Network issued by the Council from time to time;
(2) in regard to the activities of the Network in India, we undertake to comply with the aforesaid provisions/guidelines/directions,
in general, and in particular clauses (2) to (7) of Part-I of the First Schedule to the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949; and
(3) the activities under the Network will not tantamount to rendering services so as to constitute a commercial presence in
India or in any way result in Mode 3* or Mode 4* rendering of services as per WTO terminology.
Place : _______________________ Name(s) with membership no. (if any) and signature(s) of
duly authorized representative(s) of the entity(ies)
outside India constituting Network
Date : _______________________
We, the authorized representative(s) of Indian Firm(s), solemnly declare as under:-
(1) the information given above is true and correct as per our information and belief; and

(2) non-compliance with the provisions of the Clauses (6) & (7) of Part I of the First Schedule to the Chartered Accountants
Act, 1949 and the guidelines/directions laid down by the Council thereunder by the outside entity(ies) shall be deemed
to be on our behest, unless proved otherwise.
Place : ___________________ Name(s) with Membership No(s) and signature(s) of duly

authorized representative(s) of the Indian firm(s)/ Member
constituting the Network
Date : ____________________
* Mode 3: Commercial Presence - Where services are provided through establishment of an office in the other country.
* Mode 4: Movement of Natural Persons - Where the professional accountant travels from one country to another to deliver
a service.
Rules of Merger & Demerger Amongst 3. Merger

The Firms Registered with The Institute
(i) To effectuate merger, a merger agreement in Form ‘E’
of Chartered Accountants of India
(enclosed) is to be filed with the Institute within 30 days
1. These rules are called Rules of Merger & Demerger from the date of the agreement. The reconstitution
amongst the Firms registered with The Institute of agreement/partnership deed shall be filed with the
Chartered Accountants of India. Registrar of Firms.
(ii) Upon the merger of the firms, the Institute will freeze
2. Concept of Merger & Demerger
the names of the merging firms and shall not allot the
(i) The Partnership Act has not prescribed merger & same names to any other firm.
demerger of partnerships. In the corporate world, merger
and demerger have become universal practices for 4. Demerger
securing survival, growth, expansion and globalization of
(i) The merger has to precede the demerger. The merger
enterprise and achieving multitude of objectives. Merger
agreement itself shall contain the terms and conditions
is the fusion of two or more existing companies. On
for demerger. Therefore no concurrence/acceptance
the other hand, demerger signifies a movement in the
is required from the continuing partners. The merger
company just opposite to merger. ‘Demerger’ is also
agreement shall stipulate that in case 75% or more of
used to describe spinning off of an “undertaking” of a
the continuing partners of one of the erstwhile firm(s)
Corporate entity. The concept of ‘Merger’, ‘Demerger’ &
are willing to demerge then they can do so after giving
‘Acquisition’ are arising out of the ‘Arrangement’ under
due notice in Form ‘F’ (enclosed) to the other partners
Sections 391-394 of the Companies Act, 1956. Merger
and to the Institute.
and Demerger are natural corollary of globalization.
(ii) In case 75% or more of the continuing partners of one
(ii) To incorporate the spirit of Corporate World and to
of the erstwhile merging firm have demerged after giving
imbibe the consolidation creed, the Council used the
due notice to the other partners, then in such case,
term ‘merger’ and ‘amalgamation’ of CA firms. The
the merger shall come to an end and if the remaining
Council in its 198th Meeting held from 25th to 27th
erstwhile merging firms/partners of the erstwhile merged
February, 1999 and in 223rd Meeting held from 2nd
firm decided to continue, then they should enter into a
to 5th February, 2002 considered the Seniority and
fresh Merger/Partnership Agreement.
Mergers of the firm and implications of the decisions,
are enclosed in Tabular form. (iii) The Demerged Firm is entitled to practice in its old trade
name, which existed at the time of merger.
(iii) In order to have an orderly and sustainable growth of
the CA firms, it is desirable that the coming together of (iv) The Constitution Certificate issued by the Institute
the firms begins with networking and then matures to to the demerged firm shall state the original date of
mergers. Networking will enable the firms to develop establishment, the date of its merger and the date of
working relationships with each other. However, it is the demerger. For the purpose of computing the seniority
not to suggest that there cannot be mergers without of the firm, the total period will be reckoned from the
networking. original date of establishment.
(iv) The mergers should be effected to develop core (v) The demerger can be demanded within a period of 5
competencies and to render professional services of a years from the date of merger.
larger range spread over bigger geographical area. A
merged big entity will always be superior to a network
arrangement.

Council Decision on Change in Firm name/Seniority of firms

Prepared on the basis of Council Decisions of 198th Meeting held from 25-27th February, 1999 & 223rd Meeting held from 2 - 5th
February, 2002.
Particulars of Cases Seniority Date Of Effect

I Proprietor of firm: The date of establishment of practice in the trade 27.2.1999
name 7.2.1999
A member practicing as a sole proprietor in a trade
name, admits one or more members as partners The date of approval of the firm name or the date
thereby constituting a firm, and or establishment of the firm in the firm name,
whichever is later
i. the firm name is the same trade name
ii. the firm name is different from the trade name
II Death of the individual member Date of establishment as recognized by the Institute 27.2.1999
in the case of the deceased member if the sale/ 27.2.1999
If the member practicing in a trade name dies and if
assignment is made (within one year from the date
the trade name is sold/assigned to another member
of death of the member)
and if the other member practices (either as sole
proprietor or in partnership with others) immediately The date of approval of the new trade/firm name or
after such sale/assignment the establishment of practice under new trade/firm
name by other member/members, whichever is later
(i) In the same trade name
(ii) In the new trade/firm name

III Partnership firms There is no change in the date of the establishment 27.2.1999
of the firm 27.2.1999
(a) Firm consisting of two partners - If one of
the partners retires/dies and if the remaining Date of approval of new firm name or the date of
partner continues either as sole proprietor or in establishment of the firm under the new firm name,
partnership with others whichever is later
(i) in the same firm name There is no change in the date of establishment of
the firm.
(ii) in a new firm name
(b) Firm consisting of more than two partners - If
one or more of the partners dies/retires and
the remaining partners continue to practice in
the same firm name with or without dissolution.
IV Merger or amalgamation of two or more firms Date of establishment of the firm, which firm name 27.2.1999
is continued to be used after merger. 4.2.2002
If two or more firms merge/amalgamate, the new firm
after merger/amalgamation practices. (i) Change of name from the date of approval.
(i) in the firm name of one of the merged firms. (ii) There is no change in the date of
establishment. The old trade/firm name will
(ii) in a new firm name, in cases where the existing be frozen in the Institute’s records for three
firm is seeking change of firm name and years from the date of approval of the new
approval thereof. trade/firm name. In the constitution certificate
issued by the Institute during that period of
three years, the name will be mentioned as
“M/s (formerly known as M/s)” During that
period of three years, the firm will be given
the option to have its original name at the
choice of all the partners only if all those
partners so apply to the Institute in the
prescribed manner.

Particulars of Cases Seniority Date Of Effect

Example:
Name of firm Name of firm Name of new Seniority Date of Effect

firm
1. A & Co., 1966 B & Co., 1980 A & Co. Date of establishment will be 27.2.1999
1966
2. A & Co., 1966 B & Co., 1980 B & Co. Date of establishment will be 27.2.1999
1980
3. A & Co., 1966 B & Co., 1980 Y & Co. Date of establishment will be 27.2.1999
date of approval of Y & Co. by
the Institute or constitution of
the Partnership firm, whichever
is later.
4. A & Co., 1966 B & Co., 1980 Either AB & Date of establishment will be 4.2.2002
Co. or BA & 1966
Co.
V. Change in trade/ firm name (i) Change of name from the date of approval. 27.2.1999
The member/firm continues the practice (with or (ii) There is no change in the date of
without change in constitution) with the change in establishment. The old trade/firm name will
trade/firm name. be frozen in the Institute’s records for three
years from the date of approval of the new
trade/firm name. In the constitution certificate
issued by the Institute during that period of
three years, the name will be mentioned as
“M/s (formerly known as M/s)” During that
period of three years, the firm will be given
the option to have its original name at the
choice of all the partners only if all those
partners so apply to the Institute in the
prescribed manner.
Note:
1. Trade name: The name in which the member practices as a sole proprietor.
2. Firm name: The name in which the firm practices.
3. ‘Trade name’ and ‘Firm name’ are the names as approved by ICAI.
4. Merger/amalgamation is a term not applicable to firms under the Partnership Act. It is reconstitution of firm by addition/
deletion of partners. The principles applicable to any reconstitution will, therefore, apply in these cases.
Form E’
FORMAT OF MERGER AGREEMENT
[See Rule 3 of Rules of Merger & Demerger amongst the firms registered
We, (1).... (2) .... (3) ...... partners of (1) M/s. A & Co. (2) M/s. B & Co. & (3) ........ execute this Merger Agreement on this day of, at:
1. M/s A & Co., a Partnership/Proprietorship firm of Chartered Accountants having its registered Head Office at , duly
registered with the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India vide Firm No. in region (which expression shall include its
successors, heirs and assigns).

The date of establishment, name of the partners, their membership nos, are as follows:-
(i) Date of establishment
(ii) Name of the Partners Membership No.
2. M/s. B & Co., a Partnership/Proprietorship firm of Chartered Accountants having its registered Head Office at, duly registered
with the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India vide Firm No. in region (which expression shall include its successors,
heirs and assigns).
The date of establishment, name of the partners, their membership nos, are as follows:-
(i) Date of establishment
(ii) Name of the Partners Membership No.
3. ______________________________________________________________________
Now, therefore, in consideration of mutual promise herein made and the consideration hereunder expressed, the parties
hereto mutually covenant and agree as follows:
1. That the name of the merged firm will be and the date of establishment of the merged firm is the date of establishment
of the oldest/older firm i.e.
2. That this merger will come into force w.e.f. 20XX, where after, the merging firm i.e. M/s A & Co., and M/s B & Co.
cease to exist and a separate partnership deed has been executed on amongst the partners of the merged firm.
3. That the following persons are the partners of the merged firm:
1. Mr. Membership No.

We, all the partners of the merged firm ____________________ understand that this merger has the following consequences in
pursuance to the decision of the Council of the Institute: -
1. That the name of the erstwhile merging firms will be frozen by the Institute.
2. And in case 75% or more of the continuing partners of one or more erstwhile merging firm(s) are willing to demerge, they
may demerge after giving due notice and will be entitled to the following benefits :
(i) They shall be entitled to the total seniority acquired i.e. their earlier pre-merger seniority and the years during which
they were in merged firm.
(ii) They are entitled to their old firm’s name.
Provided in case, 75% is a fraction, then the same shall be rounded off to the next number.
3. That the date of establishment of the new demerged firm shall be the date of demerger.
4. That to effectuate such demerger, no concurrence/acceptance is required from the other continuing partners of the merged
firm. The partners of such demerged firm shall execute a partnership deed. The merged firm as well as the demerged
firm shall submit fresh Form 18 as prescribed under the Chartered Accountants Regulations, 1988 to the Institute within
the prescribed period.
5. In case of 75% or more of the continuing partners of one of the erstwhile merging firm have demerged after giving due
notice to the other partners, then in such case, the merger shall come to an end and if the remaining erstwhile merging

firms/partners of the erstwhile merged firm decided to continue, then they should enter into a fresh Merger/Partnership
Agreement and shall submit fresh Form 18 as prescribed under the Chartered Accountants Regulations, 1988 to the
Institute within the prescribed period.
6. That the demerger in the manner here in before mentioned can be demanded only within a period of 5 years from the
date of merger.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Partners of the Merged firm M/s_____________ hereto set their hands on this agreement in the
presence of the witnesses.
WITNESSES :
1. (i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
2. (vi)
(vii)
(viii) Partners of M/s _____________
Form F’
NOTICE FOR DEMERGER
[See Rule 4(i) of Rules of Merger and Demerger amongst the firms registered
1. We the following persons
Name(s) Membership No.(s)
______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________
being partners of M/s ___________________ which merged with the firm M/s _______________ as per merger agreement
dated willing to demerge with effect from ___________________
2. We are the partners of the erstwhile Merging firms, M/s _______________ merged with M/s. _______________ & constitute
the merged firm _______________ with effect from _______________ . The Merger Agreement dated _______________
and Form 18 were filed before the Institute on _______________.
3. We constitute 75% or _______________ % of the continuing partners of the erstwhile firm M/s. _______________.
4. This demerger is within a period of 5 years from the date of merger.
5. We desire that our pre-merger name be allotted to us.
Place: ______________________________
Date: ______________________________
Signature of all the Partners of the Erstwhile Firm

M/s. _______________ willing to demerge.

16 Guidelines for Corporate Form of Practice
Annexure 16
Guidelines for Corporate Form of Practice
Definition (ii) Capital structure planning and advice regarding

raising finance.
(i) Managing Director, Whole-time Director and Manager
-The term “Managing Director”, “Whole-time Director” (iii) Working capital management.
and “Manager” shall have the same meaning as defined/
(iv) Preparing project reports and feasibility studies.
understood in the Companies Act, 1956. For this
purpose, the member in practice who is a Managing (v) Preparing cash budget, cash flow statements,
Director, Whole-time Director or Manager shall be profitability statements, statements of sources and
full-time practitioner/proprietor/partner in a Chartered application of funds etc.
Accountants firm.
(vi) Budgeting including capital budgets and revenue
(ii) Act – Act means The Chartered Accountants Act, 1949. budgets.
(iii) Regulations – Regulations means the Chartered (vii) Inventory management, material handling and
Accountants Regulations, 1988. storage.
(iv) Code of Ethics – Code of Ethics means the Code (viii) Market research and demand studies.
of Ethics issued by the Institute and decisions of the
Council in this regard. (ix) Price-fixation and other management decision
making.
(v) Institute – Institute means the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India. (x) Management accounting systems, cost control and
value analysis.
(vi) Council – Council means the Central Council of the
Institute. (xi) Control methods and management information and
reporting.
(vii) Member – Member means a Member in Practice.
Member in Practice means a `Member in Practice’ as (xii) Personnel recruitment and selection.
defined in the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 and its (xiii) Setting up executive incentive plans, wage
Regulations. incentive plans etc.
(viii) Management Consultancy & Other Services – (xiv) Management and operational audits.
Management Consultancy & Other Services or MCS
means `Management Consultancy & Other Services’ (xv) Valuation of shares and business and advice
permitted by the Council in pursuance to Section 2(2)(iv) regarding amalgamation, merger and acquisition.
of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949. The definition
(xvi) Business Policy, corporate planning, organisation
of the expression “Management Consultancy and other
development, growth and diversification.
Services” as appears at pages 8-10 of the Code of
Ethics, 2005 edition is as under: (xvii) Organisation structure and behaviour, development
of human resources including design and conduct
The expression “Management Consultancy and other
of training programmes, work study, job-description,
Services” shall not include the function of statutory or
job evaluation and evaluation of work loads.
periodical audit, tax (both direct taxes and indirect taxes)
representation or advice concerning tax matters or acting (xviii) Systems analysis and design, and computer related
as liquidator, trustee, executor, administrator, arbitrator services including selection of hardware and
or receiver, but shall include the following: development of software in all areas of services
which can otherwise be rendered by a Chartered
(i) Financial management planning and financial policy
Accountant in practice and also to carry out any
determination.
other professional services relating to EDP.

Ann. 16 – Guidelines for Corporate Form of Practice
(xix) Acting as advisor or consultant to an issue, complies with the Guidelines for Practice in Corporate
including such matters as: - Form issued by the Institute.
(a) Drafting of prospectus and memorandum (x) Relative – Relative means “Relative” as defined in
containing salient features of prospectus. Appendix (9) of the Chartered Accountants Regulations,
Drafting and filing of listing agreement and 1988, 2002 edition.
completing formalities with Stock Exchanges,
Registrar of Companies and SEBI. 3. Name of the Management Consultancy Company
(b) Preparation of publicity budget, advice (i) The Management Consultancy Company shall have a
regarding arrangements for selection of (i) distinct name which shall be approved by the Institute.
ad-media, (ii) centres for holding conferences The prescribed format of application for approval of
of brokers, investors, etc., (iii) bankers to name for Management Consultancy Company is at Form
issue, (iv) collection centres, (v) brokers to `G’ (enclosed).
issue, (vi) underwriters and the underwriting
arrangement, distribution of publicity and (ii) Standards prescribed in Regulations 190 of the
issue material including application form, Chartered Accountants Regulations, 1988 shall be
prospectus and brochure and deciding on applicable to the name of the Management Consultancy
the quantum of issue material (In doing so, Company. However, even if a name is provided and
the relevant provisions of the Code of Ethics subsequently it is found that the same is undesirable
must be kept in mind). then, the said name can be withdrawn at any time
by the Institute. The provisions in respect of name of
(c) Advice regarding selection of various agencies companies as prescribed in the Companies Act, 1956
connected with issue, namely Registrars to shall be applicable in letter and spirit.
Issue, printers and advertising agencies.
(iii) The name of Management Consultancy Company may
(d) Advice on the post issue activities, e.g., indicate the area of ‘Management Consultancy & Other
follow up steps which include listing of Services’ permitted by the Council from time to time.
instruments and despatch of certificates and
refunds, with the various agencies connected (iv) The Management Consultancy Company shall neither
with the work. be permitted to advertise nor to use logo.
Explanation: For removal of doubts, it is hereby 4. Registration

clarified that the activities of broking, underwriting
and portfolio management are not permitted. After approval of the name under Guideline 3 and
incorporation under the Companies Act, 1956, the
(xx) Investment counseling in respect of securities [as Management Consultancy Company is required to be
defined in the Securities Contracts (Regulation) registered with the Institute in a prescribed Form ‘H’
Act, 1956 and other financial instruments.] (In (enclosed).
doing so, the relevant provisions of the Code of
Ethics must be kept in mind). 5. Ethical Compliance
(xxi) Acting as registrar to an issue and for transfer of (i) Once the Management Consultancy Company is
shares/other securities. (In doing so, the relevant Registered with the Institute as per the Guidelines, it
provisions of the Code of Ethics must be kept in will be necessary for such a Company to comply with
mind). the following requirements: -
(xxii) Quality Audit. a) If the individual practitioner/sole-proprietorship
firm/partnership firm is the statutory auditor of an
(xxiii) Environment Audit.
entity then the Management Consultancy Company
(xxiv) Energy Audit. should not accept the internal audit or book-
keeping or such other professional assignments
(xxv) Acting as Recovery Consultant in the Banking
which are prohibited for the statutory auditor firm.
Sector.
b) The Notification No. 1-CA(7)/60/2002 dated 8th
(xxvi) Insurance Financial Advisory Services under the
March, 2002 (enclosed) in respect of ceiling
Insurance Regulatory & Development Authority Act,
on Non-audit fees is applicable in relation to a
1999, including Insurance Brokerage.
Management Consultancy Company.
(ix) Management Consultancy Company - Management
c) The Management Consultancy Company shall
Consultancy Company means a Company which
comply with clauses (6) & (7) of Part-I of the First

Schedule to the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 the Companies Act, 1956 shall be applicable to the
and such other directives as may be issued by the Management Consultancy Company. The Guidelines are
Institute from time to time. in addition to the provisions contained in the Companies
Act, 1956.
(ii) The Management Consultancy Company shall give an
undertaking that it shall comply with clauses (6) & (7) of
9. Benefits available to members if the Guidelines
Part-I of the First Schedule to the Chartered Accountants
framed are complied with
Act, 1949 and such other directives as may be issued
by the Institute from time to time. i) The member can retain full time Certificate of Practice
besides being the Managing Director/Whole-time
6. Object of Management Consultancy Company: Director/Manager of Management Consultancy
Company.
The Management Consultancy Company shall engage
itself only in Management Consultancy & Other Services. ii) The member will be entitled to train articled/audit
The Management Consultancy Company shall give assistant(s).
an undertaking that it shall render only Management
iii) There will be no restrictions on the quantum of the equity
Consultancy & Other Services prescribed by the Council
holding of the member, either individually and/or along
pursuant to powers under section 2 (2)(iv) of the
with his relatives, in such a company.
Chartered Accountants Act, 1949.
The Object Clause should restrict itself only to the 10. Transitory Provisions
Management Consultancy & Other Services permitted
by the Council in pursuance to Section 2(2)(iv) of the i) Any member who wishes to become Managing Director/
Chartered Accountants Act, 1949. Whole-time Director/Manager of an existing Company,
which is rendering Management Consultancy & Other
Services, and wishes to take other benefit contained
7. Violation of Act
in the Guidelines, shall comply with the Guidelines for
In case of alleged violation of the provisions of the Act, Practice in Corporate Form.
Regulations framed thereunder, guidelines/directions laid
ii) The Company is required to take approval of name and
down by the Council from time to time and Code of
then apply for registration with the Institute.
Ethics issued by the Council, the individual practitioner/
sole-proprietorship firm/partnership firm in general and iii) If the Institute has reservation over the name of an
the Managing Director/Whole-time Director/Manager of existing Company that wishes to come under the
such company in particular, would be answerable. provisions of this Guidelines, the Company shall be
required to apply for change in name.
8. Applicability of Companies Act, 1956 and other laws
iv) The Company is also required to change its object
All the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 and other clause, if the same contains objects other than those
laws that are applicable to a Company formed under provided in the Guidelines.
Form `G’
APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL OF NAME FOR PROPOSED MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY COMPANY
[See Guideline 3 of Guidelines for Practice in Corporate Form]
1. Proposed name of the Company 1. __________________________
(in order of preference) 2. __________________________
3. __________________________
2. Name of the Members/firm along with name of partners forming proposed Management Consultancy Company
Firm Name/Member Name Firm Regn. No./M.No.
3. Address of the Registered Office of the proposed Management Consultancy Company
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________Pin _____________

Tel. No. _________________________________________Fax No. ____________________________________________
E-mail __________________________________________Website Address _____________________________________
4. Ownership pattern of the Company
5. Name of the member proposing to become Managing Director/Whole-time Director/Manager
Name of the Member Membership No.
1. _____________________________ _____________________________
2. _____________________________ _____________________________
3. _____________________________ _____________________________
Place : ……………………….. Name(s) with Membership No(s).

Date : ……………………….. Partner(s)/Proprietor(s) of the firms
Form ‘H’
DECLARATION FOR REGISTRATION OF MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY COMPANY
[See Guideline 4 of Guidelines for Practice in Corporate Form]
1. Name of the Management Consultancy Company
2. Address of the
(v) Registered Office
(vi) Branch Office
3. Ownership pattern of the Company
4. Name of the member(s) proposing to become Managing Director/Whole-time Director/Manager
Name of the Member Membership No.
1. ________________________ ________________________
2. ________________________ ________________________
3. ________________________ ________________________
5. Number and Date of Incorporation Certificate
(Please enclose Incorporation Certificate issued by the ROC)
I/We hereby declare that the Management Consultancy Company shall render Management Consultancy & Other Services
which are prescribed by the Council of the Institute from time to time pursuant to powers under Section 2(2)(iv) of the Chartered
Accountants Act, 1949. This Company has been constituted in compliance with the Guidelines for Practice in Corporate Form
issued by the Institute.
I/We hereby declare that I/We shall comply with Clauses (6) & (7) of Part I of the First Schedule to the Chartered Accountants Act,
1949 and such other directions as may be issued by the Institute from time to time in this regard.
Place : __________________
Date : ___________________ Signatures of two authorised Directors of the body

corporate and the Managing Director/Working Director/
Manager of that body corporate together with membership
no. under a common seal.
(Enclose a copy of Board Resolution)

Notification No.1-CA(7)/60/2002 Section 2(2)(iv) of the Chartered Accountants

dated 8th March, 2002 Act, 1949 but shall not include: -
(i) audit under any other statute;

1-CA(7)/60/2002
(ii) certification work required to be done by the
In exercise of the powers conferred by clause (ii) of Part II
of the Second Schedule to the Chartered Accountants Act,
1949, the Council of the Institute of Chartered Accountants (iii) any representation before an authority;
of India hereby specifies that a member of the Institute
in practice shall be deemed to be guilty of professional (ii) the term “associate concern” means any corporate
misconduct, if he accepts the appointment as statutory auditor body or partnership firm which renders the
of Public Sector Undertaking(s)/ Government Company(ies)/ Management Consultancy and all other professional
Listed Company(ies) and other Public Company(ies) having services permitted by the Council wherein the
turnover of ` 50 crore or more in a year and accepts any other proprietor and/or partner(s) of the statutory auditor
work(s) or assignment(s) or service(s) in regard to the same firm and/or their “relative(s)” is/are Director/s
Undertaking(s)/ Company(ies) on a remuneration which in total or partner/s and/or jointly or severally hold
exceeds the fee payable for carrying out the statutory audit of “substantial interest” in the said corporate body or
the same Undertaking/company. partnership;
Provided that in case appointing authority(ies)/regulatory (iii) the terms “relative” and “substantial interest” shall
body(ies) specify(ies) more stringent condition(s)/restriction(s), have the same meaning as are assigned under
the same shall apply instead of the conditions/restrictions Appendix (10) [now Appendix (9)] to the Chartered
specified in this Notification. Accountants Regulations, 1988.
Explanation: 3. In regard to taking up other work(s) or service(s) or

assignment(s) of the undertaking/company referred to
1. The above restrictions shall apply in respect of fees for above, it shall be open to such associate concern or
other work(s) or service(s) or assignment(s) payable to corporate body to render such work(s) or service(s) or
the statutory auditors and their associate concern(s) put assignment(s) so long as aggregate remuneration for
together; such other work(s) or service(s) or assignment(s) payable
to the statutory auditor/s together with fees payable to
2. For the above purpose,
its associate concern(s) or corporate body(ies) do/does
(i) the term “other work(s)” or “service(s)” or not exceed the aggregate of fee payable for carrying
“assignment(s)” shall include Management out the statutory audit.
Consultancy and all other professional
4. This notification is applicable for any appointment(s) on
services permitted by the Council pursuant to
or after 1st April, 2002.
Source: http://ccbmp.icai.org/

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Quick Insights

Professional Development Committee

Professional Development Committee

Edition : February, 2019

Committee : Professional Development Committee

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India

ii Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants

I am pleased to note that Professional Development Committee

At this juncture, I wish to place my appreciation for CA. Ranjeet

CA. Naveen N. D. Gupta

Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants iii

A need existed for providing information in the form of ready

At the juncture, I would like to place on record my

I am sure that membership at large will benefit immensely from

CA. Prafulla P. Chhajed

Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants v

We hope that this publication would be useful for our Members.

CA. Nihar Niranjan Jambusaria CA. Ranjeet Kumar Agarwal

Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants vii

Message from Vice President v

2. Chartered Accountants in India–A glimpse 7

5. Goods and Services Tax 14

9. The Companies Act, 2013 40

11. Prevention of Money Laundering Act 44

12. Insurance Companies 46

13. Local Bodies 48

14. Special Economic Zones (SEZ) 50

15. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) 54

16. Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) 57

Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants ix

18. Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC Audit) 61

19. Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) 62

20. World Bank and Royal Audit of Bhutan 66

21. Knowledge Processing Outsourcing Centers (KPOs) 68

22. Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) Sector 71

23. State Cooperatives (Including Co-operative Banks) 73

24. Other Laws 75

25. Opportunities available at ICAI 82

26. ICAI’s Support to Members 86

Annexure 1 : Policy of Empanelment of CA Firms/LLPs and

Selection of Auditors of PSUs by C&AG 89

Annexure 2 : RBI Norms

2.1: For Statutory Central Auditors in PSBs 91

2.2: For Statutory Branch Auditors in PSBs 95

Annexure 3 : Government Schemes 98

Annexure 4 : Various Tender links of Public Sector

Annexure 5 : List of Public Sector Banks 111

Annexure 6 : List of Private Sector Banks 112

Annexure 7 : Important links related to Trade measures 113

Annexure 8 : Important links related to Intellectual

Property Rights 115

Annexure 9 : Important Links related to International

Annexure 10 : Global Accounting Bodies 117

Annexure 11 : Tendering Guidelines issued by ICAI 122

x Quick Insights on Professional Opportunities for Chartered Accountants

Fee as prescribed by ICAI 123

Annexure 13 : MoU/MRA/Joint Declarations signed with

Foreign Bodies 129

Annexure 14 : Revised Guidelines of Network 130

Annexure 15 : ICAI Rules of Merger & Demerger of CA Firms 137