Scribd
Upload
89 views12 pages

Dynamics: Vector Mechanics For Engineers

Dynamics lec

Uploaded by

Muhammad Taimoor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
89 views12 pages

Dynamics: Vector Mechanics For Engineers

Dynamics lec

Uploaded by

Muhammad Taimoor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Tenth Edition

CHAPTER VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINEERS:

17 DYNAMICS
Ferdinand P. Beer
E. Russell Johnston, Jr.
Phillip J. Cornwell Plane Motion of Rigid
Lecture Notes: Bodies:
Brian P. Self Energy and Momentum
California State Polytechnic University

Methods

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.


Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Introduction
• Method of work and energy and the method of impulse and
momentum will be used to analyze the plane motion of rigid
bodies and systems of rigid bodies.

• Principle of work and energy is well suited to the solution of


problems involving displacements and velocities.
T1  U12  T2

• Principle of impulse and momentum is appropriate for


problems involving velocities and time.
H     M  
 t2
   t2
 
L1    Fdt  L2 O 1 O dt  H O 2
t1 t1

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 - 2


Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Introduction
Approaches to Rigid Body Kinetics Problems

Forces and Velocities and Velocities and


Accelerations Displacements Time

Newton’s Second Work-Energy Impulse-


Law (last chapter) Momentum

 F  ma
t2

G
mv1   F dt  mv2
t1
T1  U12  T2
M  H G G
t2
I G1   M G dt  I G2
t1

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 2-3


Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Principle of Work and Energy for a Rigid Body
• Work and kinetic energy are scalar quantities.
• Assume that the rigid body is made of a large
number of particles.
T1  U12  T2
T1 , T2  initial and final total kinetic energy of
particles forming body
U12  total work of internal and external forces
acting on particles of body.

• Internal forces between particles A


and B are equal and opposite.

• Therefore, the net work of internal


forces is zero.

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 - 4


Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Work of Forces Acting on a Rigid Body
• Work of a force during a displacement of its
point of application,
A2  s
 2
U12   F  dr   F cos ds
A1 s1
 
• Consider the net work of two forces
 F and  F
forming a couple of moment M during a
displacement of their points of application.
     
dU  F  dr1  F  dr1  F  dr2
 F ds2  Fr d
 M d

2
U12   M d
1
 M  2  1  if M is constant.

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 - 5


Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Work of Forces Acting on a Rigid Body

Do the pin forces at point


A do work?

YES NO

Does the force P do work?

YES NO

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 - 6


Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Work of Forces Acting on a Rigid Body
Does the normal force N
do work on the disk?

YES NO

Does the weight W do work?

YES NO
If the disk rolls without slip, does
the friction force F do work?
YES NO
dU  F dsC  F vc dt   0

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 2-7


Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Kinetic Energy of a Rigid Body in Plane Motion
• Consider a rigid body of mass m in plane motion consisting of individual
particles i. The kinetic energy of the body can then be expressed as:

T  12 mv 2  12  Δmi vi2
 12 mv 2  12   ri2Δmi   2
 12 mv 2  12 I  2

• Kinetic energy of a rigid body can be


separated into:
- the kinetic energy associated with the
motion of the mass center G and
- the kinetic energy associated with the
rotation of the body about G.

T  12 mv 2  1
2 I 2
Translation + Rotation
© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 - 8
Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Kinetic Energy of a Rigid Body in Plane Motion

• Consider a rigid body rotating about a fixed axis through O.

T 1
2  Δm v  2
i i
1
2  i i
Δm  r    12

2  i
r 2
Δmi   2

 12 I O 2

• This is equivalent to using:

T  12 mv 2  1
2 I 2

• Remember to only use

T  IO 1
2
2

when O is a fixed axis of rotation


© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 - 9
Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Conservation of Energy
• Expressing the work of conservative forces as a
change in potential energy, the principle of work
and energy becomes
T1  V1  T2  V2
• Consider the slender rod of mass m.
T1  0, V1  0
T2  12 mv22  12 I  22

   
2
2 1 ml
 12 m 12 l 1 ml  
 12 12 2 2
2
2 3
V2   12 Wl sin   12 mgl sin

T1  V1  T2  V2
1 ml 2 2 1
0   mgl sin 
• mass m 2 3 2
   sin  
• released with zero velocity 3g
• determine  at   l 
© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 - 10
Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Power

• Power = rate at which work is done


 
• For a body acted upon by force F and moving with velocity v ,
dU  
Power   F v
dt

• For a rigid body rotating with an
 angular velocity  and acted
upon by a couple of moment M parallel to the axis of rotation,
dU M d
Power    M
dt dt

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 - 11


Edition
Tenth
Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Dynamics
Home Work

Sample Problems
17.1, 17.2. 17.3, 17.4, 17.5

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 - 12

You might also like