Responding to Behavioral-based interview questions

How to interview well when they are asking Behavioral-based interview questions

Theory: Past performance is the best predictor of future performance

Employer may be looking for how you:

 handled pressure  proposed a solution to a team

 worked with difficult co-workers  went above and beyond on a project
 creatively solved problems  failed, but learned from your errors

You know it’s a behavioral-based interview question, when you hear:

 give me an example of a time when . ..  how have you responded . . .

 describe how you handled . . .  tell me about a situation in which you . . .

Interviewers are looking for answers that fit the STAR format (or CAR for some interviewers)

Situation Task Action Result

(or Challenge, Action, Result)

When answering these questions:

 Think of a specific example that answers the question

 Think of an example that is work-related, if possible (use school, professional organizations, or
volunteer activities; avoid church and personal, unless related to the organization)
 Think of an example that is not more than 2 years old whenever possible
 Give an answer that is 2-3 minutes long
 Give specific information in your answer, such as names, dates, dollars, places, clients, etc.
 Don’t hypothesize or generalize
 There is no “right” answer, the interviewer wants to learn about how you might work as a future
employee
 Ask the interviewer to repeat the question if you missed any of it
 Pause and think through your answer before starting – know where the story ends before you
start talking

If the question is one for which you have no examples, say “Hmmmm. I haven’t had that experience and
can’t think of a specific example.” “Or, my only example is about 10 years old, is that okay?” The
interviewer will move to the next question, or ask a similar question hoping to jog your memory for an
example. Or you can ask to answer the question in how you would handle that experience. If the
interviewer is okay with that, then you can hypothesize.
Example Question:

Give me an example of a time when you were working on a project that was going smoothly and you
were on schedule. However, partway through the project, you realized that if you changed something,
it’d be more work, but you’d have a better outcome.

Weak answer:

In that type of situation, I would consider the extra effort that I’d need to input in relationship to the
output that I’d get and the value that would have for the project. If the value was great enough, I would
work extra hours in order to improve the project. I know that the project would have a better outcome
and my team would be recognized for the exceptional work.

Weak answer:

In the past when I’ve been in that situation, I have demonstrated that I can go above and beyond to
enhance a project. I have worked extra hours, negotiated for additional resources on my projects, and
utilized technology to save time and money. I always have strived for the best possible result, even if it
meant extra work on my part. I feel it’s worth it to kick in the additional effort in order to have a project
outcome that will benefit the company. You’ll find that I’m constantly looking for ways to get the best
result possible.

STAR answer:

Situation Task Action Result

When I joined ABC During my first week, I I went to my manager and asked Fortunately, the
company two worked really hard to if I should be also working on a training materials
years ago, I was get the module created. translation of my materials. He were ready in
given the task of I collaborated with the checked, and yes the training Japanese right
developing a other trainer, Jack, a materials would also need to be when they were
training module lead developer on the translated ahead of schedule and needed by the
for our XYZ project, Joe, and my someone had forgotten to pass Japan sales reps. If
product for the manager to ensure that that information along to our we hadn’t heard
sales reps. The what I was preparing department. I requested help about the early
product was ready was what was needed. I from Jack as to how to get our launch and I hadn’t
to launch and was on schedule. By materials translated as well as requested the
everyone was chance, I overheard in extra resources from my resources, we
eager to have the the lunchroom that the manager. With Jack’s help I was would have had a
orientation XYZ product was going able to locate a qualified delay in launching
developed and to be launched early in translator quickly. My manager our product in
delivered Japan and that the approved extra funds so that the Japan. My manager
immediately. development staff was translator could begin work as was very pleased
There was lots of scrambling to get the soon as I had each section with our efforts
pressure to get help manual translated created and approved. and the timeliness
this project done into Japanese as soon as of our delivery.
quickly. possible.
Result

Sometimes the Result is not a positive outcome. For example, if the question was “Give me an example
of a time when you did not meet the expected outcomes for a project”, the Result will show that there
was some type of failure. As part of the Result, you should explain what you learned from the situation.
You can say what you did differently on another Task with your new knowledge or what you would do in
a similar situation in the future (okay to hypothesize).

Preparation

Prepare for behavior-based interview questions by thinking of about six stories from the
accomplishments on your resume. Most likely, you can use the same story to answer more than one
question (but not to the same interviewer); you can focus the point of the story to a) the technical skills
you used, b) the team interaction dynamics during the project, 3) the way you handled stress, 4) how
you led or mentored others, 5) your communication skills, or 6) how you planned the project.

Practice telling your stories in the STAR format.

Communicating during the interview

One of the hardest dynamics of being interviewed is that you have to talk to answer the question you
are asked while simultaneously watching your interviewer(s)’ body language. This is why you are so
exhausted at the end of an interview.

You are looking for clues that you have confused the interviewer, said something wrong, are talking too
long, are saying what he/she wants and you should give more detail, etc. You need to keep eye contact
(not staring) with the interviewer(s) as you give your answer. Closing your eyes or looking at the floor
while you answer robs you of the nonverbal feedback that you need. If you feel you have confused or
said something wrong, stop and ask: “I feel my answer isn’t what you are looking for – am I on track?”
Other interview pointers from an HR Manager’s experience:

When the interview is being scheduled, either by phone or email, it’s okay to ask about dress code,
parking, lunch (if your interview looks to run all day), if you need to bring anything, if there’s anything
you need to prepare in advance, and who you should ask for at the front desk. Please ask who you
should ask for at the front desk – it’s usually not the person who called and scheduled your interviews,
but instead the first person on your interview schedule.

Practice your handshake and get feedback on it from a bunch of people (male and female) before the
interview.

Smile when you are being introduced to people. It’s okay to show some humor and laugh, just don’t be
goofy.

Show respect to everyone in the process. I’ve often looped back around to ask the Receptionist how
he/she was treated by the candidate.

Let the interviewer lead the interview process. However, if it’s clear that he/she wants you to take over
and start talking about yourself, go ahead. If instead the interviewer shows up with a list of interview
questions, let him/her guide you through them. It’s okay to ask a follow-up to the interview question.
Example: the question you just asked was about how I would interact with a difficult, hard-to-reach
customer, if there is such a customer as part of my client list, how big of a customer are they?

Always be prepared to answer the questions:

 Why are you looking for a job at this time?

 Why are you interested in our company?
 Why are you interested in this position?
 What do you know about this position?

Lunch – if you have a lunch interview: it’s fine to mention to the person scheduling the interviews if you
are vegetarian/vegan. Don’t order alcohol at lunch even if others do. Order a light meal. Work to make
eye contact with everyone at the table. It’s okay to eat, but realize it’s an interview too. Don’t order
dessert unless others do the same.

It’s okay to ask for water or to use the restroom – well-trained interviewers will offer this to you, but
sometimes you just have to ask.

Thank everyone who helped schedule your interviews or guided you during the day (did an admin walk
you between interviewers – did you get his/her name?).

Always have questions for every interviewer. You can always ask “why did you choose to come to work
here?” and “why do you like working here?” if you don’t have anything specific for the interviewer.

Get business cards or write down email addresses of your interviewers. Send each one a thank you note
or email. Each thank you should be personalized for the interviewer – recall something from your
conversation to show him/her that you were listening.
Some big “duh!” comments:

Don’t chew gum – breath mints are small and can easily be stored in your pocket

Don’t bring in your Starbuck’s coffee – this is an interview, not a chat

Don’t be flirty – friendly okay, flirty not okay

Skip the perfume/aftershave/cologne/smelly deodorant on interview day – you don’t want your scent to
make a longer lasting impression than you do. If someone has an allergy or gets migraines and is stuck
with you in a small conference room, he/she will not appreciate your strong scent.

Don’t discuss your medical conditions, financial or marital situation. It does not help you for interviewers
to know that you are going through a nasty divorce, your mother is living with you, your kidney stones
are acting up, and you are broke. Instead, you can state that you are really ready to be back and work
and can start immediately.

Don’t say anything bad about your previous company or boss. Be positive about your job search and the
opportunity for which you are interviewing – look forward, not backward.