DIESEL POWER PLANT

An undergraduate Power Plant Design presented to

The faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Rizal Technological University
Boni Ave. City of Mandaluyong

In partial fulfillment of the pre- requirement for the degree of

Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering

By:
Ibana , Marry Grace B.
Premediles, Camille O.
Alvior, Pythly C.
Dineros, Jeca S.
Mamano, R-jay A.
Limet, Jerry S.

Engr. Gerry Cabrera

 INTRODUCTION

The whole world is in the grip of energy crisis and the pollution manifesting

itself in the spiraling cost of energy and uncomforted due to the increase in

pollution as well as the development of conventional energy resources and

increasing curve of pollution elements. To meet this challenges one is to check

growing energy demand but that would show down the economic growth as first

step and to develop non pullulating energy conversion system as second step. It is

commonly accepted that the standard of living increases with increasing energy

consumption per capital. Any consideration of energy requirement and supply has

to take into account the increase conservation measures. On the industrial font,

emphasis must be placed on the increased with constant effort to reduce energy

consumption. Fundamental changes in the process, production and service can

affect considerable energy saving without affecting the overall economy. It need

not be over emphasized that in house hold commercial and industrial use of energy

has considerable scope in energy saving.

THE POWER PLANT AND ITS CONCEPT

The assembly of systems or subsystems to generate electricity, power with

economy and requirements is the primary objective of a power plant. The power

plant and itself must be useful economically and environmental friendly to the

society. It is oriented to conventional as well as non-conventional energy

generation. While the stress is on energy efficient system regards conventional

power systems to increase the system conversion efficiency the supreme goal is to

develop, design, and manufacturer the non-conventional power generating systems

in coming decades preferably after 2050 AD which are conducive to society as well

as having feasible energy conversion efficiency and non-friendly to pollution,

keeping in view the pollution act. The subject as a whole can be also stated as

modern power plants for power via electricity generation in 21 st century. The word

modern means pertaining to time. At present due to energy crisis the first Goal is to

conserve energy for the future while the second step is to develop alternative

energy systems.

The study support the shortage of electrical power in the country, Uptime is

critical for an electric power plant. To most of us a power outage is an

inconvenience, but to some it can mean loss of income, revenue, and in some cases

loss of life by their very nature, power plants are difficultenvironments.

 Diesel Power Plant

Diesel power plants produce power from a diesel engine. Diesel electric

power plants in the range of 2 to 50 MW capacities are used as central stations for a

small electric supply networks and used as a standby to hydro electric or thermal

plants where continuous power supply is needed. Diesel power plant is not

economical compared to other power plants.

General Layout of Diesel Power Plant

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Power Plant it is called generating station, power station. It is a complex of

structures, machinery, and associated equipment for generating electric energy

from another source of energy, such as nuclear reactions or a hydroelectric dam.

Heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between one or more fluids. The

fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct

contact. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air

conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum

refineries, natural-gas processing, and sewage treatment.

Cooling tower is a heat rejection device which rejects waste heat to

the atmosphere through the cooling of a water stream to a lower temperature.

Cooling towers may either use the evaporation of water to remove process heat

and cool the working fluid to near the wet-bulb air temperature or, in the case

of closed circuit dry cooling towers, rely solely on air to cool the working fluid to

near the dry-bulb air temperature.

Storage tanks are containers that hold liquids, compressed gases (gas tank) or

mediums used for the short- or long-term storage of heat or cold. The term can be

used for reservoirs (artificial lakes and ponds), and for manufactured containers
Fuel tank (or petrol tank) is a safe container for flammable fluids. Though

any storage tank for fuel may be so called, the term is typically applied to part of an

engine system in which the fuel is stored and propelled (fuel pump) or released

(pressurized gas) into an engine. Fuel tanks range in size and complexity from the

small plastic tank of a butanelighter to the multi-chambered cryogenic Space

Shuttle external tank.

Piping is a system of pipes used to convey fluids (liquids and gases) from one

location to another. The engineeringdiscipline of piping design studies the efficient

transport of fluid.

Pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by

mechanical action. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the

method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.

Diesel engine (also known as a compression-ignition or CI engine) is an internal

combustion engine in which ignition of the fuelthat has been injected into

the combustion chamber is initiated by the high temperature which a gas achieves

when greatly compressed (adiabatic compression). This contrasts with spark-

ignition engines such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or gas engine (using a

gaseous fuel as opposed to petrol), which use a spark plug to ignite an air-fuel

mixture.
Generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy for use in

an external circuit. The source of mechanical energy may vary widely from a

hand crank to an internal combustion engine. Generators provide nearly all of the

power for electric power grids.

Injection Pump is the device that pumps diesel (as the fuel) into the cylinders of

a diesel engine. Traditionally, the injection pump is driven indirectly from

the crankshaft by gears, chains or a toothed belt (often the timing belt) that also

drives the camshaft. It rotates at half crankshaft speed in a conventional four-stroke

diesel engine. Its timing is such that the fuel is injected only very slightly before top

dead centre of that cylinder's compression stroke. It is also common for the pump

belt on gasoline engines to be driven directly from the camshaft.

Fuel pump is a frequently (but not always) essential component on a car or

other internal combustion enginedevice. Many engines (older motorcycle engines in

particular) do not require any fuel pump at all, requiring only gravity to feed fuel

from the fuel tank through a line or hose to the engine. But in non-gravity

feed designs, fuel has to be pumped from the fuel tank to the engine and delivered

under low pressure to the carburetor or under high pressure to the fuel

injection system.
Fuel tank (or petrol tank) is a safe container for flammable fluids. Though

any storage tank for fuel may be so called, the term is typically applied to part of an

engine system in which the fuel is stored and propelled (fuel pump) or released

(pressurized gas) into an engine.

Fuel pump is a frequently (but not always) essential component on a car or

other internal combustion engined device. Many engines (older motorcycle engines

in particular) do not require any fuel pump at all, requiring only gravity to feed fuel

from the fuel tank through a line or hose to the engine. But in non-gravity

feed designs, fuel has to be pumped from the fuel tank to the engine and delivered

under low pressure to the carburetor or under high pressure to the fuel

injection system.

Surge tank (or surge drum) is a standpipe or storage reservoir at the downstream

end of a closed aqueduct or feeder or a dam or barrage pipe to absorb sudden rises

of pressure, as well as to quickly provide extra water during a brief drop in pressure.

Silencer it is used to eliminate the engine noise. Also it is required between and

intake.

Intake air filter it is used to filter the outside air to enter in the machine.

Filter or purifier it is used to filter or purifier the lubricating oil before entering the

machine.
Peak load power plants it is the ratio of average load to load factor, it works on

diesel electric and gas turbine power plants.

Reserved over peak it is the difference between the plant capacity and peak load.

Averageload it is the ratio of energy produce in kw-hrs to the number of hours of

the product of the load factor and the peak load.

Load factor it is the ratio of average load to peak load.

Demand factor is the ratio of the actual maximum demand to the connected load

(the value less than one).

Plant capacity factor is the ratio of the actual energy production to the maximum

possible energy that might have been produced in the same period.

Plant use factor is the ratio of annual kW-hrs produced to the product of the kw-

plant capacity and the operating hours.

Utilization factor is the ratio of the maximum system demand into the rated system

capacity.

Operation factor is the ratio of duration of actual service to the total expected

duration.

Load curve it refers to the graph used to represent the relationship between the

demanded load and time sequence.

Monthly load curve it is the average of the daily load curves over a one-month

period that is used in establishing the rates.

Annual load curve it is the average of the daily load curves over a period of one

year that is used in determining the annual load factor.

Load duration curve it is obtained from the same data as the daily load curves from

one year or a period of 8760 hours.

BACKGROUND OF THE PLACE

Barangay Diatagon is found in Lianga Town, Surigao Del Sur Province, Caraga

Region, in the Philippines

Its area is approximately 10km² and about 950 households. About 30% of

people here are farmers and fishermen, 30% are businessmen and almost 40% are

employed to companies.

Barangay Diatagon Residential Property

At present the majority real properties in Diatagon that can be found on the

online market is residential. Classifications of properties in this classification include

detached houses, raw lands, lots with partial structures, apartments, condominium

units, etc. unlike commercial real estate might be furnished, or semi-furnished with

for instance desks or various otherfurnitures.

Commercial Real Properties in Barangay Diatagon

In Diatagon as anywhere else, we place a extraordinary value on commercial

properties, i.e. properties intended for businesses large or small. Commercial real

estate in Barangay Diatagon may incorporate office space or premier commercial

and industrial properties, as well as properties such as mixed-use complexes, and so

forth.
Real Estate Agents in Barangay Diatagon

We direct our users, both sellers and buyers alike, to work actively with local

real estate brokers in BarangayDiatagon. At present the greater part our property

listings are provided by local brokers. For a full list of real estate brokers in

Diatagon, acces our directory of Real Estate Agents in Barangay Diatagon.

LOCATION MAP 1

Surigaodel Sur
 LOCATION MAP 2

Brgy.Daiatagon, municipality of Lianga, Surigaodel Sur

VICINITY MAP
ZOOMED VICINITY MAP
 PLANT SITE PRELIMINARY SURVEY

Plant Size: Brgy. Diatagon, Lianga, Surigao del Sur

Population: 3,800

Residential: 950

School: 2 Elementary & Pre-School

Junk Shop: 1

Motor Shop: 2

Church: 3 Chapel

Public Market

Slaughter House
RESIDENTIAL

Class A houses (250)

APPLIANCES RATING(W) TIME(HR) NO. OF HRS. ENERGY
CONSUME (W-
HR)
Refrigerator 130 12am-12am 24 3120

Television 200 6am-10am 7 1400

7pm-10pm
Flat iron 1200 4am-5am 2 2400
Rice cooker 450 5am-6am 3 1350
11am-12am
6pm-7pm
Component 380 6am-10am 4 1520

DVD player 70 7pm-11pm 4 280

Computer set 500 7pm-11pm 4 2000
Floor lamp(8) 40 4am-6am 7 2240
6pm-11pm
Incandescent 15 5am-6am 5 375
lamp(5)
6pm-10pm

Charger 90 6am-7am 1 9

Air-con 1000 7pm-5am 10 10000

Washing machine 600 1pm-4pm 3 1800

Electric fan(4) 60 7pm-10pm 3 720

Total: 27,214×250
=6,803,500
CLASS A (250)
 Class B houses (300)

APPLIANCES RATING(W) TIME(HR) NO. OF HRS. ENERGY

CONSUME
(W-HR)

Refrigerator 110 12am-12am 24 2640

Television 110 8am-10am 9 990

4pm-11pm
Flat iron 1000 4am-5am 1 1000

Rice cooker 450 5am-7am 3 1350

11am-12nn
6pm-7pm
Component 400 9am-11am 4 1600

DVD player 45 7pm-11pm 5 225

Computer set 400 8pm-12pm 4 1600

Floor lamp(6) 30 9am-11am 4 720

6pm-10pm

Incandescent 10 4am-6am 4 200

lamp(5)
7pm-9pm

Charger 35 6am-7am 2 70
7pm-8pm
Washing machine 400 1pm-4pm 3 1920

Electric fan(4) 60 8am-12am 8 1600

6pm-10pm
Total:13,515×300
=4,054,500
CLASS B (300)
 Class C houses (400)

APPLIANCES RATING(W) TIME(HR) NO.OF HRS ENERGY

CONSUME

Television 90 7am-1pm 8 720

4pm-6pm
7pm-11pm
Flat iron 700 5am-6am 2 1400

1pm-2pm

Component 100 8am-10am 7 700

7pm-12nn

DVD Player 4 1pm-4pm 8 360

10pm-3am

Floor lamp(4) 20 5am-7am 9 720

5pm-12nn

Incandescent 10 5pm-12mn 3 27
lamp

Charger 35 1pm-2pm 3 105

9pm-10pm

Electric fan(2) 60 4am-7am 7 840

6pm-1am

Total:4872×400
=1,948,800 W-hr
CLASS C (400)
 ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST PARISH

Appliances Rating (W) Time (hour) No. of hours Energy

consume
(W-hr)
Floor lamp 30 8am- 10am 4 1800
(15) 8pm – 10pm
Appliances 995 5pm – 10pm 5 4975
(tv,dvd, etc)
Ceiling fan 60 8am- 10am 4 2400
(10) 8pm – 10pm
Altar lamp (5) 10 8am- 10am 4 200
8pm – 10pm
Sound system 800 8am- 10am 4 3200
8pm – 10pm
Incandescent 10 8am- 10am 4 200
lamp (5) 8pm – 10pm

Total = 12, 775 W- hr

ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST PARISH
 ASSEMBLY OF GOD PENTECOSTAL CHURCH

appliances Rating (W) Time (hour) No. of hours Energy

consume
(W- hr.)
Floor lamp (10) 30 5am - 7am 8 2400
4pm – 10 pm
Wall fan (10) 60 5am – 7am 8 4800
4pm – 10 pm
Altar lamp (3) 15 5am - 7am 8 360
4pm – 10 pm
Incandescent 10 5am - 7am 8 400
lamp (5) 4pm – 10 pm
Desk fan 60 5am – 6pm 4 240
11am- 12am
Sound system 800 8am – 6 pm 10 7200

=16,200 x 2

Total = 23,400 W-hr

 ELECTRICAL REPAIR SHOP (2)

Appliances Rating (W) Time ( hour) No. of hour Energy

consume
(W-hr.)
Floor Lamp 30 7am – 5pm 10 1500
(5)
Wall Fan (2) 60 7am – 5pm 10 1200
Desk Lamp 15 7am – 5pm 10 300
(2)
10 7am – 5pm 10 400
Incandescent
Lamp (4)
Sound 100 7am – 5pm 10 1000
System
Soldering 100 9am – 11am 5 500
Iron 1pm – 4pm
Voltage 40 10am – 11am 2 50
Converter 3pm – 4pm

= 4, 980 x 2

Total = 9, 960 W-hr

ASSEMBLY OF GOD PENTECOSTAL CHURCH

ELECTRICAL REPAIR SHOP

 RESTAURANT (5)

appliances Rating (W) Time (hour) No. of hours Energy

consume
( W-hr)
Chiller 100 12am – 12 24 2400
am
Freezer 200 12am – 12am 24 4800
Floor Lamp 20 7am – 7pm 12 3600
(15)
Incandescent 10 7am – 7pm 12 120
Lamp
Vendo 120 7am – 7pm 12 1440
Machine
Sound System 300 7am – 7pm 12 3600
Television 110 7am – 7pm 12 1320
Grilling 180 7am – 7pm 12 2160
Machine
Air- 800 7am – 7pm 12 9600
Conditioning
Computer Set 400 7am – 7pm 12 4800

33, 840 x 5
Total = 169200 W-h
 GAS STATION

appliances Rating (w) Time(hr) No. of hours Energy

consume
(W- hr)
Exhaust 200 8am – 6 pm 10 4000
fan(2)
Pumps (2) 1200 8am – 5 pm 9 21, 600
Floor lamp 20 8am – 5 pm 9 5, 400
(30)
Compressor 1100 8am – 5 pm 9 19,800
(2)
Industrial fan 200 8am – 5 pm 9 7, 200
(4)
Welding 120 8am – 12pm 4 480
Machine
Sound System 300 8am – 5 pm 9 2, 700
Television (4) 110 12nn – 2 pm 2 880
Refrigerator 180 12am – 12 24 8,640
(2) am
Air 800 8am – 5 pm 9 21, 600
conditioning
Computer set 400 8am – 5 am 9 14, 400
(4)
RESTAURANT

GAS STATIO
ELEMENTARY SCHOOL (2)

appliances Rating (w) Time ( hr) No. of hours Energy

consume
(w-hr)
Floor lamp 40 4am – 8 pm 16 19200
(30)
Incandescent 10 4am – 8 pm 16 1280
lamp (8)
Ceiling fan 60 4am – 8 pm 16 28800
(30)
Television(2) 110 12am -1 pm 1 220
Refrigerator 110 12am- 12 am 24 2640
Stereo 200 6am – 7 am 1 200
=52340 x 2
Total=104680 w-h

PRE SCHOOL(2)

Appliances Rating (w) Time(HR) No. of hrs Energy

consume
(w- hr)
Floor lamp 40 4am – 8 am 16 6400
(10)
Incandescent 10 4am – 8 pm 16 800
lamp (5)
Ceiling fan (8) 60 4am – 8 pm 16 7680
Television 110 12pm – 1 pm 1 110
Refrigeration 110 12am – 12am 24 2640
Stereo 200 6am – 7 am 1 200
=17, 830 x 2

Total = 35,660 W-hr

ELEMTARY

PRE SCHOOL
 COMPUTER SHOP 24 HOURS (2)

Appliances Rating (W) Time (hr) No. of Hrs Energy

consume
( w- hr)
Floor. Lamp 20 12am – 12 24 2880
(6) am

Incandescent 10 12am – 12 24 480

lamp (2) am

Ceiling Fan (4) 60 12am – 12 24 5760

am

Computer set 400 12am – 12 24 96000

(10) am

Printer (2) 70 12am – 12 24 3360

am

Air- 500 12am – 12 24 24000

conditioning am
(2)

=132.480 x 2

Total= 264,960 w-h

 JUNK SHOP

COMPUTER SHOP
JUNK SHOP

appliances Rating(W) Time(HR) No. of Hrs Energy

consume
(W-hr)
Floor. Lamp 20 12am- 12 am 24 1440
(3)
Ceiling fan (2) 60 9am – 9 pm 12 1440
Welding 400 10am – 5 pm 7 2800
machine
Electric fan(2) 70 9am – 9 pm 12 1680
Stereo 200 9am – 5 pm 8 1600

Total= 8,960 w-h

Total w- h load = 8960 + 264960 + 35660 + 104680 +106700 + 169200 + 9960

+ 32400 + 13260 + 12775 + 1948800 + 4054500 + 6803500

Total w-h load = 13, 565, 355 w-h = 13,565.355 kw- h per day

Note: use 4 engines

Diesel engines

Engine 1: 750 kW

Engine 2: 750 kW

Engine 3: 910 kW

Engine 4: 1500 kW standby power

Variable Load

Plant Capacity = 3910kw

Peak Load = 30% of plant capacity

Peak Load = 1173kw

Reserve Over Peak = Plant Capacity – Peak Load

Reserve Over Peak = (3910 – 1173) kW

Reserve Over Park = 2737kw

Diesel Engine:

Engine 1: 750 kW – prime mover

Engine 2: 750 kW – prime mover

Engine 3: 910 kW – prime mover

Engine 4: 1500 kW – standby power

 Operation Engine Time Rating Total - kW Total Rating
No. (Kw) (kW-hr)
Engine 1 5 750 750 3750
12am - 5am
5am - 6am Engine 1+2 1 750 +750 1500 1500

6am - 11am Engine 2 5 750 750 3750

11am - 12pm Engine 2 + 3 1 750 + 910 1660 1660

12pm - 5pm Engine 3 5 910 910 4550

5pm - 6 pm Engine 3 + 4 1 910 + 1500 2410 2410

6pm - 11pm Engine 4 5 1500 1500 7500

11pm - 12 am Engine 4 + 1 1 1500 + 750 2250 2250

TOTAL = 27370 kW – hr
=AEP

Note:
AEP = Actual Energy Produced Accumulated kW-hr in one day
Operation engine from AEP in kW in 24 hours = 1140.42kW
LOAD DEMAND GRAPH
2730 𝑘𝑊 − ℎ𝑟 365 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
𝑥 = 9990050 𝑘𝑤 − ℎ𝑟/𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑚
𝐷𝑎𝑦 1 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

9990050 kW – hr x 1 annum / 8760hr = 1140.41 kW = Ave. Load Annum

Average load = 1140.41 kW

𝒂𝒗𝒆.𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟎.𝟒𝟏 𝒌𝑾
Load factor (LF) = = = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟕
𝒑𝒆𝒂𝒌 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝟏𝟏𝟕𝟑𝒌𝑾
𝒂𝒗𝒆.𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟎.𝟒𝟏 𝒌𝑾
Capacity Factor (CF) = = = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗
𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒕 𝒄𝒂𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝟑𝟗𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝑾

27370 𝑘𝑊−ℎ𝑟/𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑚
Annual Capacity Factor (ACF) =
𝑃𝐶 𝑥 8760 ℎ𝑟𝑠

𝒉𝒓
𝟐𝟕𝟑𝟕𝟎 𝒌𝑾−
𝒂𝒏𝒏𝒖𝒎
Annual Capacity factor (ACF) = = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗
𝟑𝟗𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝑾 𝒙 𝟖𝟕𝟔𝟎 𝒉𝒓𝒔

𝑨𝑬𝑷 𝟐𝟕𝟑𝟕𝟎 𝒌𝑾.𝒉

Use Factor (UF) = = = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟓
𝑷𝑪 𝒙 𝒏𝒐.𝒉𝒓𝒔 𝟑𝟗𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝑾 𝒙 𝟐𝟎

𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒅𝒆𝒎𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒌𝑾

Demand Factor (DF) = = = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟕
𝒄𝒂𝒑𝒂𝒄𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝟏𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝒌𝑾

𝒂𝒗𝒆.𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟎.𝟒𝟏 𝒌𝑾
Plant Factor (PF) = = = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗
𝑷𝑪 𝟑𝟗𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝑾

𝑷𝑳 𝟏𝟏𝟕𝟑 𝒌𝑾
Utilization Factor (UF) = = = 𝟎. 𝟑
𝑷𝑪 𝟑𝟗𝟏𝟎 𝒌𝑾

𝑪𝑭 𝟎.𝟐𝟗
Operation Factor (OF) = = = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟑
𝑼𝑭 𝟎.𝟑𝟓
Catalogue of Diesel Generating Set (750 kW prime power)

Technical Specification for X750UC Diesel Generating Set

A. Model: X70UC

B. Type: 4- stroke, Turbo, Air/Water DC

C. No. of Cylinder: 12x V

D. Cylinder Bore: 130 mm ( 5.1 in)

E. Piston Stroke: 150 mm (5.9 in)

F. Total Displacement 23.9 L

G. Rated Speed: 1800 rpm

H. Rated Output: Stand-by Power, Prime Power 750 kW

I. Overall Dimensions (L x W x H): 3981 mm x 1630 mm x 1950 mm

J. Weight: 5441 kg (11995 lbs)

K. Brake Horsepower: 794 kW or 1064 BHP

L. Fuel Consumption: 165L/h ( 43.6 gal/hr)

DESIGN OF DIESEL GENERATOR FOUNDATION

Generator Specification

Number of Cylinder: 12

Rated Speed: 1800 rpm

Rated Output: 750 kW0

Overall Dimensions (L x W x H): 3981 mm x 1630 mm x 1950 mm

Weight: 5441 kg (1995 lbs)

 A. Solving for the weight of the foundation

Determination of Weight of the foundation using the empirical formula from PSME

Code.

𝑊𝐹 = e x 𝑊𝑒 X √𝑁

Where:

𝑊𝐹1 = weight of the foundation, kg

𝑊𝑒1 =weight of the generator, kg

𝑁1 =engine speed, rpm

𝑒1 = empirical coefficient

Solution:

For 16 Cylinder diesel generator; 𝑒1=0.16

𝑊𝐹 = 0.22 x 11727 x √1800

𝑾𝑭𝟏 = 36934.733 kg

B. Solving for the volume of the foundation, 𝑽𝑭

𝑊𝐹
𝑉𝐹1 = Density of Concrete=2406 kg/m³
𝜌 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
 36934.733𝑘𝑔
𝑉𝐹1 =
2406𝑘𝑔/𝑚³

𝑽𝑭𝟏 =15.351m³

C. Solving for the dimensions of the foundation

𝑊𝐹1 =𝑊𝑏1+10% 𝑊𝑏1

𝑊𝐹1 = width o f the foundation

𝑊𝑏1 = width of the bedplate

𝑊𝑏1 =𝑊𝑒1 + 6 in. = 1630 mm + 6 in (25.4 mm/ 1 in.)

𝑾𝒃𝟏 = 1782.4 mm

𝑊𝐹1 = 1782.4mm + .10(1782.4mm)

𝑾𝑭𝟏 =1960.64mm

𝐿𝐹1 =𝐿𝑏1 + 10% 𝐿𝑏1

𝐿𝐹1= length of the foundation

𝐿𝑏1 = length of the bedplate

𝐿𝑏1 =𝐿𝑒1 + 6 in. = 3981 mm+ 6in. (25.4/ 1in.)

𝑳𝒃𝟏 =4133.4mm

𝐿𝐹1 =4133.4m𝐿𝐹1 =m + 0.10 (4133.4 mm)

𝑳𝑭𝟏 =4546.74mm

𝑉𝐹1 = 𝐿𝐹1 + 𝑊𝐹1 + ℎ𝐹1

𝑉𝐹1 15.351 𝑚³
ℎ𝐹1 = = (1000 mm / 1 m)³
𝐿𝐹1 𝑋𝑊𝐹1 4546.74𝑚𝑚 𝑥 1960.64𝑚𝑚

𝒉𝑭𝟏 = 1722.02mm

D. Concrete Mixture

Mixture Cement/ Sand Stone Application Weight Safe

sacks Compressive
(m³) Stress(t/m²)
1:2:4 7.8 0.44 0.88 RC floors, 2.66 382.10
beams and
columns

No. of Sacks of Cement = 𝑉𝐹1 (7.8 sacks/ m³)

No. of Sacks of Cement = 15.351 m³ (7.8 sacks/m³)

No. of Sacks of Cement = 119.74 or 120 sacks

Volume of Sand = 0.44𝑉𝐹1

Volume of Sand = 0.44 (15.351 m³)

Volume of Sand = 6. 754 m³

Volume of Stone = 0.88𝑉𝐹1

Volume of Stone = 0.88 (15.351 m³)

Volume of Stone = 13.51 m³

E. Reinforcement Bars

𝑊𝑅𝐵1 = 1%𝑊𝐹1

𝑊𝑅𝐵1 = (0.01)( 36934.733 kg)

𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏 =369.35 kg

For no. of reinforcement bar; using 14 mm diameter of reinforcement bar

𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏 = density of steel x 𝑽𝑹𝑩𝟏

𝑊𝑅𝐵/𝑃𝐶1 = density of steel x pi D²/4 xLF1

1𝑚 2
7800 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 (𝑝𝑖(14𝑚𝑚 𝑥 ) (4.5𝑚)
1000𝑚𝑚
𝑊𝑅𝐵/𝐶𝑃1 =
4

𝑾𝑹𝑩/𝑷𝑪𝟏 = 1.72 kg/pc

No. of Reinforcement Bar = 𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏 /𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏/𝑷𝑪𝟏

369.35𝑘𝑔
No. of Reinforcement Bar =
1.72𝑘𝑔/𝑝𝑐
 No. of Reinforcement Bar = 214.74 or 215 pcs.

F. Pressure Exerted on the Soil

𝑊𝑆1 +𝑊𝐹1 5441 𝑘𝑔+36934.733𝑘𝑔

𝑃𝑆1 = = (1.96𝑚)(4.5 𝑚)
𝑊𝐹1 𝐿𝐹1

𝑷𝑺𝟏 = 4804.5 kg/ m²

Factor of Safety (𝑵𝟏 )

Soil Bearing Capacity

𝑵𝟏 =
𝑷𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝑬𝒙𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑺𝒐𝒊𝒍

Soil Bearing Capacity of Common Brick Masonry= 50 to 98 t/m³

50000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²
𝑁1 =
4804.5 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²

𝑵𝟏 =10.41 or 11

G. Common Flexure Formula (fb)

𝑚𝑥
Fb=
𝐼

Check for turning

Solving for Eccentrity from mid-base (e)

1 1
𝑌1 = ℎ = (1.95 𝑚) = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟕𝟓𝒎
2 2

1 1
𝑌2 = ℎ = (1.95 𝑚) = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟓𝒎
3 3
𝐴1 = Lh = (3.98m x 1.95 m) = 7.761 m²

1 1
𝐴2 = 𝐿𝑏 = (3.98𝑚)(1.95 𝑚) = 𝟑. 𝟖𝟖𝒎²
2 2

∑ A = 𝑨𝟏 +𝑨𝟐

= (7.761m²)(0.975m)+(3.88m²)(0.65m)

=11.641m²

∑ A 𝑿𝒚 = 𝑨𝟏 𝒀𝟏 +𝑨𝟐 𝒀𝟐

= (7.761m²)(0.975m) + (3.88m²)(0.65m)

=10.089m³

∑𝐴 + 𝑦 10.089𝑚³
𝑒= =
∑𝐴 11.641𝑚²

𝒆 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟕𝒎

𝑴𝒙
𝒇𝒃 =
𝐈

5441𝑘𝑔
M= 𝑥 0.87𝑚
3

𝑘𝑔
M = 1577.89
𝑚
 𝑳
X=
𝟐

X=1.99m

𝐿 ³𝑥 𝑤𝑓
𝐼=
12

(3.98)3 𝑥 (1.63)
=
12

= 𝟖. 𝟓𝟒𝟔𝒎𝟒

(1577.89𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚)(1.99𝑚)
𝑓𝑏 =
8.564𝑚4

𝒌𝒈
=𝟑𝟓𝟓. 𝟔𝟓
𝒎²

H. Solving for Bolt:

1
Diameter = (𝐵𝑜𝑟𝑒)
8

1
= (130𝑚𝑚)
8

= 𝟏𝟔. 𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎

7
Length = (𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒)
8

7
= (150𝑚𝑚)
8
 =𝟏𝟑𝟏. 𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎

Use for ASME Code: Use for ASME Code: 𝐿 = 30𝐷

=30(16.25) mm
=487.5mm

𝑴
No. of Bolts =
𝑻𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔

𝒅𝝅𝑫³
𝑻=
𝟏𝟔

(From Table at 7 DME by Fairs)

Material: AISI 8640

𝑆𝑦 = 150𝑘𝑠𝑖 = 150,000𝑝𝑠𝑖

0.5(150,000𝑝𝑠𝑖)
𝐶𝑑 =
7

𝑙𝑏 101.325𝑘𝑝𝑎
𝐶𝑑 = 10714.29 𝑥 𝑙𝑏
𝑚² 14.7
𝑖𝑛²

𝒌𝒏
𝑪𝒅 = 𝟕𝟑𝟖𝟓𝟐. 𝟎𝟕
𝒎²

𝑘𝑁 1000𝑁
(73852.07 ) (3.1416)(0.01625𝑚2 )( )
𝑚² 1𝑘𝑁
𝑇=
16

𝑻 = 𝟔𝟐. 𝟐𝟐𝟑𝑵 − 𝒎
 𝑴
No. of Bolts =
𝑰𝑩𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔

𝑁
(1577.89𝑘𝑔−𝑚)(9.81 )
𝑘𝑔
=
62.223 𝑁−𝑚

=248.77

No. of Bolts = 𝟐𝟒𝟗 𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption

𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
BSF𝐶1 =
𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑘𝑒 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟

165𝐿/𝐻𝑟
BSF𝐶1 =
794𝑘𝑊

BSF𝑪𝟏 =0.208 L/kW-hr

Solving for volume flow rate (𝑽𝑭𝟏 )

𝑉𝐹1 =Brake Specific Fuel Consumption x Average Load

𝑉𝐹1 = 0.208 L/kW-hr x 1140 kW

𝑽𝑭𝟏 = 𝟐𝟑𝟕. 𝟏𝟐𝑳/𝒉𝒓

Catalogue of Diesel Generating Set (750 kW prime power)

Technical Specification for X750UC Diesel Generating Set

A. Model: X910UC

B. Type: 4- stroke, Turbo, Air/Water DC

C. No. of Cylinder: 16 x V

D. Cylinder Bore: 130 mm ( 5.1 in)

E. Piston Stroke: 150 mm (5.9 in)

F. Total Displacement 31.9 L

G. Rated Speed: 1800 rpm

H. Rated Output: Stand-by Power, Prime Power 910 kW

I. Overall Dimensions (L x W x H): 4370 mm x 1770 mm x 2190 mm

J. Weight: 6177 kg (13618 lbs)

K. Brake Horsepower: 925 kW or 1276 BHP

L. Fuel Consumption: 234L/h ( 61.8 gal/hr)

DESIGN OF DIESEL GENERATOR FOUNDATION

Generator Specification

Number of Cylinder: 16

Rated Speed: 1800 rpm

Rated Output: 910 kW

Overall Dimensions (L x W x H): 4370 mm x 1770 mm x 2190 mm

Weight: 6177 kg (13618 lbs)

 A. Solving for the weight of the foundation

Determination of Weight of the foundation using the empirical formula from PSME

Code.

𝑊𝐹 = e x 𝑊𝑒 X √𝑁

Where:

𝑊𝐹1 = weight of the foundation, kg

𝑊𝑒1 =weight of the generator, kg

𝑁1 =engine speed, rpm

𝑒1 = empirical coefficient

Solution:

For 16 Cylinder diesel generator; 𝑒1=0.22

𝑊𝐹 = 0.22 x 6177 x √1800

𝑾𝑭𝟏 = 57654.94135 kg

B. Solving for the volume of the foundation, 𝑽𝑭

𝑊𝐹
𝑉𝐹1 = Density of Concrete=2406 kg/m³
𝜌 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
 57654.94135𝑘𝑔
𝑉𝐹1 =
2406𝑘𝑔/𝑚³

𝑽𝑭𝟏 =23.963m³

C. Solving for the dimensions of the foundation

𝑊𝐹1 =𝑊𝑏1+10% 𝑊𝑏1

𝑊𝐹1 = width o f the foundation

𝑊𝑏1 = width of the bedplate

𝑊𝑏1 =𝑊𝑒1 + 6 in. = 1770 mm + 6 in (25.4 mm/ 1 in.)

𝑾𝒃𝟏 =1922.4 mm

𝑊𝐹1 = 1922.4mm + .10(1922.4mm)

𝑾𝑭𝟏 =2114.64mm

𝑳𝑭𝟏 =𝑳𝒃𝟏 + 10% 𝑳𝒃𝟏

𝐿𝐹1= length of the foundation

𝐿𝑏1 = length of the bedplate

𝐿𝑏1 =𝐿𝑒1 + 6 in. = 4370 mm+ 6in. (25.4/ 1in.)

𝑳𝒃𝟏 =4522.4mm

𝐿𝐹1 =4522.4m𝐿𝐹1 =m + 0.10 (4522.4 mm)

𝑳𝑭𝟏 =4974.24mm

𝑽𝑭𝟏 = 𝑳𝑭𝟏 + 𝑾𝑭𝟏 + 𝒉𝑭𝟏

𝑉𝐹1 23.963 𝑚³
ℎ𝐹1 = = (1000 mm / 1 m)³
𝐿𝐹1 𝑋𝑊𝐹1 4974.24𝑚𝑚 𝑥 2114.64𝑚𝑚

𝒉𝑭𝟏 = 2278.13mm

D. Concrete Mixture

Mixture Cement/ Sand Stone Application Weight Safe

sacks Compressive
(m³) Stress(t/m²)
1:2:4 7.8 0.44 0.88 RC floors, 2.66 382.10
beams and
columns

No. of Sacks of Cement = 𝑉𝐹1 (7.8 sacks/ m³)

No. of Sacks of Cement = 23.963 m³ (7.8 sacks/m³)

No. of Sacks of Cement = 186.91 or 187 sacks

Volume of Sand = 0.44𝑉𝐹1

Volume of Sand = 0.44 (23.963 m³)

Volume of Sand = 10.544 m³

Volume of Stone = 0.88𝑉𝐹1

Volume of Stone = 0.88 (23.963m³)

Volume of Stone = 21.09 m³

E. Reinforcement Bars

𝑊𝑅𝐵1 = 1%𝑊𝐹1

𝑊𝑅𝐵1 = (0.01)( 57654.94135 kg)

𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏 =576.549 kg

For no. of reinforcement bar; using 14 mm diameter of reinforcement bar

𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏 = density of steel x 𝑽𝑹𝑩𝟏

𝑊𝑅𝐵/𝑃𝐶1 = density of steel x pi D²/4 xLF1

1𝑚 2
7800 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 (𝑝𝑖(14𝑚𝑚 𝑥 ) (4.4𝑚)
1000𝑚𝑚
𝑊𝑅𝐵/𝐶𝑃1 =
4

𝑾𝑹𝑩/𝑷𝑪𝟏 = 1.6817 kg/pc

No. of Reinforcement Bar = 𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏 /𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏/𝑷𝑪𝟏

576.549𝑘𝑔
No. of Reinforcement Bar =
1.6817𝑘𝑔/𝑝𝑐
 No. of Reinforcement Bar = 342.84 or 343 pcs.

F. Pressure Exerted on the Soil

𝑊𝑆1 +𝑊𝐹1 6177𝑘𝑔+56654.94135𝑘𝑔

𝑃𝑆1 = = (1.8𝑚)(4.4 𝑚)
𝑊𝐹1 𝐿𝐹1

𝑷𝑺𝟏 = 7933.326kg/ m²

Factor of Safety (𝑵𝟏 )

Soil Bearing Capacity

𝑵𝟏 =
𝑷𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝑬𝒙𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑺𝒐𝒊𝒍

Soil Bearing Capacity of Common Brick Masonry= 50 to 98 t/m³

50000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²
𝑁1 =
7933.326𝑘𝑔/𝑚²

𝑵𝟏 =6.3 or 7

G. Common Flexure Formula (fb)

𝑚𝑥
𝐹𝑏 =
𝐼

Check for turning

Solving for Eccentrity from mid-base (e)

1 1
𝑌1 = ℎ = (2.19𝑚) = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟗𝟓𝒎
2 2

1 1
𝑌2 = ℎ = (2.19𝑚) = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟑𝒎
3 3
𝐴1 = Lh = (4.37m x 2.19 m) = 9.5703 m²

1 1
𝐴2 = 𝐿𝑏 = (4.37𝑚)(2.19 𝑚) = 𝟒. 𝟕𝟖𝟓𝒎²
2 2

∑ A = 𝑨𝟏 +𝑨𝟐

= (9.5703+4.785)m²

=14.3553m²

∑ A 𝑿𝒚 = 𝑨𝟏 𝒀𝟏 +𝑨𝟐 𝒀𝟐

= (9.5703m²)(1.095m) + (4.785m²)(0.73m)

=13.9725m³

∑𝐴 + 𝑦 13.9725𝑚³
𝑒= =
∑𝐴 14.3552𝑚²

𝒆 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟕𝒎

𝑴𝒙
𝒇𝒃 =
𝐈

6177𝑘𝑔
M= 𝑥 0.97𝑚
9

𝒌𝒈
M = 1997.23
𝒎
 𝐿 4.4
X= =
2 2

X=2.2m

𝑳 ³𝒙 𝒘𝒇
𝑰=
𝟏𝟐

(𝟒.𝟒)𝟑 𝒙 (𝟏.𝟕𝟕)
=
𝟏𝟐

= 𝟏𝟐. 𝟓𝟔𝟓𝒎𝟒

(1997.23𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚)(2.2𝑚)
𝑓𝑏 =
12.565𝑚4

𝒌𝒈
=𝟑𝟒𝟗. 𝟔𝟗
𝒎²

H. Solving for Bolt:

1
Diameter = (𝐵𝑜𝑟𝑒)
8

𝟏
= (𝟏𝟑𝟎𝒎𝒎)
𝟖

= 𝟏𝟔. 𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎

7
Length = (𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒)
8

7
= (150𝑚𝑚)
8
 =𝟏𝟑𝟏. 𝟐𝟓𝒎𝒎

Use for ASME Code: Use for ASME Code: 𝐿 = 30𝐷

=30(16.25) mm
=487.5mm

𝑴
No. of Bolts =
𝑻𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔

𝒅𝝅𝑫³
𝑻=
𝟏𝟔

(From Table at 7 DME by Fairs)

Material: AISI 8640

𝑆𝑦 = 150𝑘𝑠𝑖 = 150,000𝑝𝑠𝑖

0.5(150,000𝑝𝑠𝑖)
𝐶𝑑 =
7

𝑙𝑏 101.325𝑘𝑝𝑎
𝐶𝑑 = 10714.29 𝑥 𝑙𝑏
𝑚² 14.7
𝑖𝑛²

𝒌𝒏
𝑪𝒅 = 𝟕𝟑𝟖𝟓𝟐. 𝟎𝟕
𝒎²

𝑘𝑁 1000𝑁
(73852.07 ) (3.1416)(0.01625𝑚2 )( )
𝑚² 1𝑘𝑁
𝑇=
16

𝑻 = 𝟔𝟐. 𝟐𝟐𝟑𝑵 − 𝒎
 𝑴
No. of Bolts =
𝑰𝑩𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔

𝑁
(1997.23𝑘𝑔−𝑚)(9.81 )
𝑘𝑔
=
62.223 𝑁−𝑚

=314.881

No. of Bolts = 𝟑𝟏𝟓 𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption

𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
BSF𝐶1 =
𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑘𝑒 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟

234𝐿/𝐻𝑟
BSF𝐶1 =
925𝑘𝑊

BSF𝑪𝟏 =0.246 L/kW-hr

Solving for volume flow rate (𝑽𝑭𝟏 )

𝑉𝐹1 =Brake Specific Fuel Consumption x Average Load

𝑉𝐹1 = 0.246 L/kW-hr x 1140 kW

𝑽𝑭𝟏 = 𝟐𝟖𝟎. 𝟒𝟒𝑳/𝒉𝒓

Catalogue of Diesel Generating Set (750 kW prime power)

Technical Specification for X750UC Diesel Generating Set

A. Model: X1750UC

B. Type: 4- stroke, Turbo, Air/Water DC

C. No. of Cylinder: 16 x V

D. Cylinder Bore: 165 mm ( 6.5 in)

E. Piston Stroke: 190 mm (7.5 in)

F. Total Displacement 65 L

G. Rated Speed: 1800 rpm

H. Rated Output: Stand-by Power, Prime Power 1500 kW

I. Overall Dimensions (L x W x H): 4320 mm x 1835 mm x 2210 mm

J. Weight: 11727 kg (25846 lbs)

K. Brake Horsepower: 1990 kW or 2667 BHP

L. Fuel Consumption: 345L/hr

DESIGN OF DIESEL GENERATOR FOUNDATION

Generator Specification

Number of Cylinder: 16

Rated Speed: 1800 rpm

Rated Output: 1500 kW

Overall Dimensions (L x W x H): 4320mm x 1835 mm x 2210 mm

Weight: 11727 kg (25846 lbs)

 A. Solving for the weight of the foundation

Determination of Weight of the foundation using the empirical formula from PSME

Code.

𝑊𝐹 = e x 𝑊𝑒 X √𝑁

Where:

𝑊𝐹1 = weight of the foundation, kg

𝑊𝑒1 =weight of the generator, kg

𝑁1 =engine speed, rpm

𝑒1 = empirical coefficient

Solution:

For 16 Cylinder diesel generator; 𝑒1=0.22

𝑊𝐹 = 0.22 x 11727 x √1800

𝑾𝑭𝟏 = 109457.5841kg

B. Solving for the volume of the foundation, 𝑽𝑭

𝑊𝐹
𝑉𝐹1 = Density of Concrete=2406 kg/m³
𝜌 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑒
 109457.5861𝑘𝑔
𝑉𝐹1 =
2406𝑘𝑔/𝑚³

𝑽𝑭𝟏 =45.49m³

C. Solving for the dimensions of the foundation

𝑊𝐹1 =𝑊𝑏1+10% 𝑊𝑏1

𝑊𝐹1 = width o f the foundation

𝑊𝑏1 = width of the bedplate

𝑊𝑏1 =𝑊𝑒1 + 6 in. = 1835 mm + 6 in (25.4 mm/ 1 in.)

𝑾𝒃𝟏 =1987.4 mm

𝑊𝐹1 = 1987.4mm + .10(1987.4mm)

𝑾𝑭𝟏 =2186.14mm

𝑳𝑭𝟏 =𝑳𝒃𝟏 + 10% 𝑳𝒃𝟏

𝐿𝐹1= length of the foundation

𝐿𝑏1 = length of the bedplate

𝐿𝑏1 =𝐿𝑒1 + 6 in. = 4320 mm+ 6in. (25.4/ 1in.)

𝑳𝒃𝟏 =4472.4mm

𝐿𝐹1 =4472.4m𝐿𝐹1 =m + 0.10 (4472.4 mm)

𝑳𝑭𝟏 =4919.64mm

𝑽𝑭𝟏 = 𝑳𝑭𝟏 + 𝑾𝑭𝟏 + 𝒉𝑭𝟏

𝑉𝐹1 45.49 𝑚³
ℎ𝐹1 = = (1000 mm / 1 m)³
𝐿𝐹1 𝑋𝑊𝐹1 4919.64𝑚𝑚 𝑥 2186.14𝑚𝑚

𝒉𝑭𝟏 = 4229.65mm

D. Concrete Mixture

Mixture Cement/ Sand Stone Application Weight Safe

sacks Compressive
(m³) Stress(t/m²)
1:2:4 7.8 0.44 0.88 RC floors, 2.66 382.10
beams and
columns

No. of Sacks of Cement = 𝑉𝐹1 (7.8 sacks/ m³)

No. of Sacks of Cement = 45.49 m³ (7.8 sacks/m³)

No. of Sacks of Cement = 354.822 or 355 sacks

Volume of Sand = 0.44𝑉𝐹1

Volume of Sand = 0.44 (45.49 m³)

Volume of Sand = 20.0156 m³

Volume of Stone = 0.88𝑉𝐹1

Volume of Stone = 0.88 (45.49 m³)

Volume of Stone = 40.0312 m³

E. Reinforcement Bars

𝑊𝑅𝐵1 = 1%𝑊𝐹1

𝑊𝑅𝐵1 = (0.01)( 109457.5841 kg)

𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏 =1094.58 kg

For no. of reinforcement bar; using 14 mm diameter of reinforcement bar

𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏 = density of steel x 𝑽𝑹𝑩𝟏

𝑊𝑅𝐵/𝑃𝐶1 = density of steel x pi D²/4 xLF1

1𝑚 2
7800 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 (𝑝𝑖(14𝑚𝑚 𝑥 ) (4.9𝑚)
1000𝑚𝑚
𝑊𝑅𝐵/𝐶𝑃1 =
4

𝑾𝑹𝑩/𝑷𝑪𝟏 =5.88 kg/pc

No. of Reinforcement Bar = 𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏 /𝑾𝑹𝑩𝟏/𝑷𝑪𝟏

1094.58𝑘𝑔
No. of Reinforcement Bar =
5.88𝑘𝑔/𝑝𝑐
 No. of Reinforcement Bar = 186.15 or 187 pcs.

F. Pressure Exerted on the Soil

𝑊𝑆1 +𝑊𝐹1 11727𝑘𝑔+109457.58𝑘𝑔

𝑃𝑆1 = = (2.2𝑚)(4.9 𝑚)
𝑊𝐹1 𝐿𝐹1

𝑷𝑺𝟏 = 11241.6kg/ m²

Factor of Safety (𝑵𝟏 )

Soil Bearing Capacity

𝑵𝟏 =
𝑷𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝑬𝒙𝒆𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑺𝒐𝒊𝒍

Soil Bearing Capacity of Common Brick Masonry= 50 to 98 t/m³

50000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚²
𝑁1 =
1241.6𝑘𝑔/𝑚²

𝑵𝟏 =4.45 or 5

G. Common Flexure Formula (fb)

𝑚𝑥
Fb=
𝐼

Check for turning

Solving for Eccentrity from mid-base (e)

1 1
𝑌1 = ℎ = (4.23𝑚) = 2.115𝑚
2 2

1 1
𝑌2 = ℎ = (4.23𝑚) = 1.41𝑚
3 3
𝐴1 = Lh = (4.92m x 4.23 m) = 20.8116 m²

1 1
𝐴2 = 𝐿𝑏 = (4.92𝑚)(2.19 𝑚) = 5.3874𝑚²
2 2

∑ A = 𝐴1 +𝐴2

= (20.8116+5.3874)m²

=26.199m²

∑ A 𝑋𝑦 = 𝐴1 𝑌1 +𝐴2 𝑌2

= (20.8116m²)(2.115m) + (5.3874m²)(1.41m)

=51.613m³

∑𝐴 + 𝑦 51.613𝑚³
𝑒= =
∑𝐴 26.199𝑚²

𝑒 = 1.97𝑚

𝑴𝒙
𝒇𝒃 =
𝐈

11727𝑘𝑔
M= 𝑥 1.97𝑚
3

𝒌𝒈
M = 7700.73
𝒎
 𝐿 4.92
X= =
2 2

X=2.46m

𝐿 ³𝑥 𝑤𝑓
𝐼=
12

(4.92)3 𝑥 (2.186)
=
12

= 21.7𝑚4

(7700.73𝑘𝑔 − 𝑚)(2.46𝑚)
𝑓𝑏 =
21.7𝑚4

𝑘𝑔
=872.99
𝑚²

H. Solving for Bolt:

1
Diameter = (𝐵𝑜𝑟𝑒)
8

1
= (165𝑚𝑚)
8

= 20.625𝑚𝑚

7
Length = (𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑒)
8

7
= (190𝑚𝑚)
8

=166.25𝑚𝑚
Use for ASME Code: Use for ASME Code: 𝐿 = 30𝐷
=30(20.625) mm
=618.75mm

𝑴
No. of Bolts =
𝑻𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔

𝒅𝝅𝑫³
𝑻=
𝟏𝟔

(From Table at 7 DME by Fairs)

Material: AISI 8640

𝑆𝑦 = 150𝑘𝑠𝑖 = 150,000𝑝𝑠𝑖

0.5(150,000𝑝𝑠𝑖)
𝐶𝑑 =
7

𝑙𝑏 101.325𝑘𝑝𝑎
𝐶𝑑 = 10714.29 𝑥 𝑙𝑏
𝑚² 14.7
𝑖𝑛²

𝒌𝒏
𝑪𝒅 = 𝟕𝟑𝟖𝟓𝟐. 𝟎𝟕
𝒎²

𝑘𝑁 1000𝑁
(73852.07 ) (3.1416)(0.020625𝑚²)( )
𝑚² 1𝑘𝑁
𝑇=
16

𝑻 = 𝟏𝟐𝟕. 𝟐𝟑𝑵 − 𝒎.

𝑴
No. of Bolts =
𝑰𝑩𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔
 𝑁
(7700.73𝑘𝑔−𝑚)(9.81 )
𝑘𝑔
=
127.23 𝑁−𝑚

=593.76

No. of Bolts = 𝟓𝟗𝟒𝒃𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption

𝐹𝑢𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
BSF𝐶1 =
𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑘𝑒 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟

354𝐿/𝐻𝑟
BSF𝐶1 =
794𝑘𝑊

BSF𝑪𝟏 =0.446 L/kW-hr

Solving for volume flow rate (𝑽𝑭𝟏 )

𝑉𝐹1 =Brake Specific Fuel Consumption x Average Load

𝑉𝐹1 = 0.446/kW-hr x 1140 kW

𝑽𝑭𝟏 = 𝟓𝟎𝟖. 𝟒𝟒𝑳/𝒉𝒓

Solving for Total Volume Flow rate (𝑽𝒇 )

𝑽𝒇 =(𝑽𝒇𝟏 )(𝑽𝒇 ) + 𝟐 (𝑽𝒇𝟐 )

𝑉𝑓 = 676.5 L/hr + 2 (219.7 L/hr)

𝑉𝑓 =1116.24 L/hr (24 hrs/ 1 day) (30 days/1 month)

𝑽𝒇 = 803692.8 L/month

𝑳
𝑽𝒇 𝟖𝟎𝟑𝟔𝟗𝟐. 𝟖
𝒎𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉
𝑽𝒇𝒕 = =
𝟏𝟓/𝒎𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉 𝟏𝟓/𝒎𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒉

𝑽𝒇𝒕 =53579.52 L

Solving for number of storage tank

𝑉𝑓𝑡 53579.52 𝐿 1𝑚 3 1000𝑐𝑚3

No. of storage tank = = 𝑚3
( ) ( )
𝑉𝑆𝑇 113.4 100𝑐𝑚 1𝐿
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘

No. of storage tank = 0.47 or 1 tank.

Day Tank Calculation

Above Ground Tank

Solving for the volume of day tank (Vdt)

@ 100% load (Prime Rating)

Msc = mass specific consumption

Msc = 195 g/kW-hr

Hours of operation: 24 hours

Brake Power: 1203 kW

For mass of fuel (mf):

mf = 125 g/kW-hr (1203 kW) (1 kg/1000g)

mf = 234.59 kg/hr

Using Diesel #2 16 oAPI

141.5 141.5
S.G. = =
131.5+°API 131.5+16

S.G. = 0.959
Density of fuel:

ρH2 O
S.G. =
ρ fuel

1000 kg/m3
ρfuel =
0.959

ρfuel = 1042.753 kg/m3

234.59 kg/hr
Vf= mf / ρfuel =
1042.753 kg/m3

Vf = 0.225 m3/hr

Solving for the diameter and length of the tank

Vft = 0.225 m3/hr (24 hours)

Vft = 5.4 m3 = 5400 L

Solving for the diameter and length of day tank

πD2 L
Vft=
4

πD2
5.4 m3 = (2D)
4

D = 1.51 m

L = 2 (1.51 m)

L = 3.02 m
From PSME Code:

tb = thickness at the bottom

tb = 3/16 in.

tr = thickness of floating roof

tr = 1/8 in.

T = thickness of outside tank; (3/16 + 1/8) in. = 5/16 in.

Design of Fuel Transfer Pump

From storage tank to day tank:

1000 L 1 hr
Qf = Vf = 0.225 m3/hr x x
m3 60 mins

Qf = 3.75 L/min

For pump rating:

From PSME Code:

Qf. x H x S.G.
Pump Power (kW) = in kW
6130.25

S.G. of oil @ std. Temp. = 0.83

Assumed Height = 20 m

(3.75)(20)x (0.83)
Pump Power (kW) =
6130.25

Pump Power (kW) = 10.15 kW

A. Materials of the Foundation

Reference: Hill Trading Merchandise Construction Supply

Materials Quantity

Cement 187 sacks

Gravel 21.09 m3

Sand 10.55 m3

Reinforcement bar 79 pcs

Volume of Storage Tank (VST)

Let: VST = 30000 gal/tank = 113.4 m3

Solving for the diameter and length of the storage tank

Let: L = 2D

πD2 L πD2 (2D)

VST = =
4 4
 2 (113.4 m3 )
D3 =
π

D3 = 4.16 = 14 ft.

L = 2D = 2 (14 ft.)

L = 28 ft.

Where:

Air entering @ cooling tower = 31C DB & 23C WB

Air leaving @ cooling tower = 45C DB & 80% RH

Water entering cooling tower = 57°C

Water leaving the cooling tower = 34 °C

At Point 1: Cooling H2O entering C.T.

@ 57 °C(Steam Table)

h 1 = hf

h1 = 238.59 Kj/kg

At Point 2:Cooling H2O leaving C.T.

 @ 34 °𝐶

h 2 = hf

h2 = 142.50 Kj/kg

At Point 3: Air entering C.T.

@ 31C DB & 23C WB

h3 = 74 Kj/kg @ Psychometric Chart

W3 = 0.0165 kg v/kg da

At Point 4: Air entering C.T.

@ 46C & 80% RH

By Formula:

Pv
W4 = 0.622 kg v/kg da x
Pa

Pv = RH x Pd

Pa = Pb – Pv

Pd = sat. Temp. @ 46C DB

@ Steam table; P = 10.098 Kpa

 RH = Relative Humidity

Pv = (0.80) (10.098)

Pv = 8.0784 Kpa

Pb = atmospheric pressure = 101.325 Kpa

Pa = (101.325 – 8.0784) Kpa

Pa = 93.2466 Kpa

8.0784 Kpa
W4 = 0.622 kg v/kg da x
93.2466 Kpa

W4 = 0.054kg v/ kg da

h4 = 1013.4 t4 + 18015.7 + W4 hf4

h4 = 1013.4 (46) + 18015.7 + 0.054 (2585000 J/kg)

h4 = 204.222 kJ/kg

Water flowing in the C.T.

(From heat balance of heat exchanger)

Qj = Qcw
(mj)(Cpj)(dTj) = (Mcw1)(Cpcw)(dTcw)

Mj x dTj
mw1 =
dTcw

Qj = (mj)(Cpj)(ΔT)

Qh = 51,716 – 8,793.8 (0.959)2

Qh = 43,628.51 kJ/kg

Heat Supplied = (mf)(Qh)

= (0.000124 m3/sec) (43,628.51 kJ/kg)

= 5.41 kJ/sec

Heat carried by jacket water = 30% (5.41)

= 1.62 kJ/sec

Qj
mj =
(Cpj)(∆T)

1.62 kJ/sec
mj = kJ
(4.187 )(57−34)℃
kg℃

mj = 0.0169 kg/s

dTj = 27.8 ℃
 dTcw = (57-34)C

= 23℃

(0.0169)(27.8)
mw1 =
23C

mw1= 0.02 kg/s

Mass Balance:

mw1 + maW3 = maW4 + mw2

mw1 −mw2
ma =
𝑊4 −𝑊3

kg
0.02 −Mcw2
s
ma = (0.054−0.0165)kgv/kgda(equation 1)

Heat Balance:

mw1h1 + mah3 = mah4 + mw2h2

mw1 h1 −mw2 h2
ma =
h4 −h3

kg kJ kJ
(0.02 )(238.59 )−mw2 (142.50 )
s kg kg
ma = (204.222−74)kJ/kg
(equation 2)
Combining Equation 1 and 2:

0.02−mw2 4.7718−mw2 (142.50)

=
0.0375 130.222

130.222 (0.02 – mw2) = 0.0375 [(4.7718) – (142.50mw2)]

2.60 – 130.222mw2 = 0.179 – 5.34mw2

2.60−0.179
mw2 =
130.222−5.34

mw2 = 0.019 kg/s

From equation 2:

(0.02)(238.59)−(0.019)(142.50)
ma =
(204.222−74)

ma = 0.016 kg/s

Make-up Required:

mw5 = ma (W4 – W3)

mw5 = 0.016 kg/s (0.054 – 0.0165) kgv/kgda

mw5 = 0.0006 kg/s

Cooling Tower Efficiency:

ect = t1 – t2

ect = t1 – ta(WB)

(57−34)
ect=
(57−23)

ect = 67.62 %

(from PPE by F.T. Morse)

Recommended Type: Force Draft

Cooling Tower Pipe:

Aw = Qw

Qw = mw (Vf @ 34 ℃)

Vf = 1.0056 L/kg

Vf = 0.0010056 m3/kg

Qw = (0.02 kg/s) (0.0010056 m3/kg)

Qw= 0.00002 m3/s = 0.02 L/s

Velocity of H2O @ Hx = velocity of H2O @ C.T.

8.82 ft/s = 2.69 m/s

0.00279 m3 /s
Aw =
2.69 m/s

Aw = 0.0010372 m2 (3.28 ft/1 m)2 (12 in/1 ft)2

Aw = 1.61 in2

A = π/4 D2

4(1.61 in2 )
D=√ = 1.43 in. (Use: 1 𝟏⁄𝟐 in. pipe)
π

Material Specification:

Size: 1 1⁄2 in.

Schedule: 80x

Inside Diameter: 1.50 in.

. Outside Diameter: 1.90 in.

Wall Thickness: 0.20 in.

Weight of Pipe: 3.831 lb/ft.

Cooling Tower Pump (Power):

Ppump = QwTDH

Assume: z = 2m

TDH = 2m

m3 kN
Ppump = (0.00279 )(9.81 )(2m)
s m3

1 HP
Ppump = 0.055 kW ( )
0.746 kW

Ppump = 0.074 HP

Assume: ηp = 75%

Ppump 0.074 HP
Epi = =
ηp 0.75

Epi = 0.099 HP

Use: 0.10 HP Rating

Fan Power of Cooling Tower:

3.75 HP
FP = xQ w (from PPE by F.T. Morse, p. 102)
1000GPM
Where:

𝑚3 1000𝐿 1 𝑔𝑎𝑙 60 s
Qw = (0.00279 )( )( )( )
𝑠 1𝑚3 3.785 𝐿 1 min

𝐠𝐚𝐥
Qw = 44.23
𝐦𝐢𝐧

3.75 HP
FP = x 44.23 GPM
1000 GPM

0.746 kW
FP = 0.166 HP x
1 HP

FP = 0.124 kW

Use: 0.20 kW motor

Fan Capacity:

Qa = maVa

Where:

ma = mass of air = 1.87 kg/s

Va = Specific Volume of air @ 50℃

ρa = density of air @ 50 ℃= 1.165 kg/m3

(From Table A 2b. Physical Properties of Air @ Standard Atmospheric Pressure)

kg 1
Qa = (1.87 ) ( kg )
s 1.165 3
m

m3 60 s
Qa =1.605 ( )
s 1 min

𝐦𝟑
Qa = 𝟗𝟔. 𝟑𝟏
𝐦𝐢𝐧

Cooling Tower Floor Area:

Let concentration of H2O = 80 L/min – m2

Qw
Act =
H2 O Concentration

L
(167.4 )
min
Act = L
80
min−m2

Act = 2.09 m2

π
A = Dct2
4

4(2.09 m2 )
Dct=√
π

Dct = 1.63 m
Where:

𝑡𝑗𝑖 = 64.6°𝐶

𝑡𝑗𝑜 = 36.8°𝐶

𝑡𝑐𝑤𝑖 = 34°𝐶

𝑡𝑐𝑤𝑜 = 57°𝐶

From PPE by F.T. Morse pp. 178

𝑄𝑗 = 294.16 𝑘𝑊 = 14166.67𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝑚𝑖𝑛

(from catalogue)

Solving for LMTD:

𝛥𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝛥𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 = 𝛥𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑥
ln
𝛥𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛

𝛥𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑥=64.6°C – 52 .6°C = 12°C

𝛥𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛= 36.8°C – 31.2°C = 5.6°C

12°𝐶 − 5.6°𝐶
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 = 12°𝐶
𝑙𝑛
5.6°𝐶

𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 =8.4°C
 9
𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷 = (8.4) + 32 = 47.16°𝐹
5

𝑄𝑗
𝐴=
𝑈(𝐿𝑀𝑇𝐷)

𝑈 = 𝑢 𝑥 𝐹𝑡 𝑥 𝐹𝑚 𝑥 𝐹𝑐 𝑥 𝐹𝑝

From PPT and by P.J Potter, pp.351

Inlet Temperature Of 𝐻2 𝑂 = 51.2℃ − 88.16℃.

Material specifications:

1
Tube =3 "
4

Material = Aluminum Brass

Vel. = 8.82 ft/s

Ft = 1.09
Fp = 1.0 (Turbine)
Fm = 0.96
Fc = 0.85(chlorinated)

C = 270

U = ∁√𝑣𝑒𝑙.

U =270√8.82𝑓𝑡/𝑠

U = 801.86 ft/s
U = 801.86 x 1.09 x 1 x 0. 96 x 0.55

U = 713.21 BTU/ft³-hr-°F

60𝑚𝑚
14166.67 𝐵𝑇𝑈/ min( )
1 ℎ𝑟
𝐴=
713.21 𝐵𝑇𝑈/𝐹𝑡³

A=25 ft²

Total no. of Tubes = no. of Tubes/pass x no. of 𝑯𝟐 𝟎 pass

Where:
𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐻2 0 𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑
No. of tubes/ pass =
𝑇𝑢𝑏𝑒/𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑠

Circulating 𝐻2 0 Required = 𝑚𝑐𝑤 𝑥 𝑣

𝑚𝑐𝑤 =𝑚𝑗 = 7704 𝑘𝑔/ℎ𝑟

𝑽𝒇𝒄 = 𝒗𝒐𝒍. 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑯𝟐 𝟎

(𝟔𝟒.𝟔+𝟑𝟔.𝟖)℃
V=
𝟐

V=50.17°C

Steam Table @ 50.17 °C

By Interpolation

51 − 50 1.0126 − 1.0126
=
51 − 50.17 1.0126 − 𝑣

𝒗 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟏𝟐𝟐 𝑳/𝒌𝒈
 𝒌𝒈 𝟎𝟏𝟐𝟐𝑳 𝟏𝒉𝒓
𝑽𝒇𝒄 = (𝟕𝟕𝟎𝟒 ) (𝟏. )( )
𝒉𝒓 𝒌𝒈 𝟔𝟎𝒎𝒊𝒏

𝑽𝒇𝒄 = 129.97 L/min

𝑽𝒇𝒄
No. of tube/pass =
𝑯𝟐 𝟎 𝑸𝒖𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝑮𝑴𝑷 @𝒇𝒕/ 𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝒙 𝒗

From PPT and by P.T potter, pp. 357

𝑮𝑷𝑴
Quantity of 𝑯 𝟐 𝟎 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟒𝟐 /𝒔
𝒇𝒕

𝟗𝟕𝑳 𝟏𝒈𝒂𝒍
(𝟏𝟐𝟗. )( )
𝒎𝒊𝒏 𝟑.𝟕𝟖𝒇𝒕
No. of Tube/Pass = 𝟏.𝟎𝟒𝟐𝑮𝑷𝑴
𝒇𝒕 𝟖𝟐𝒇𝒕
( )(𝟖. )
𝒔 𝒔

No. of tube/pass = 3.04; use: 4 tubes

𝟐𝟓𝒇𝒕³
Length of tube =
𝟒(𝟏𝟗𝟔𝟑)

Length of Tube =31.84 ft

𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑒
No. of 𝐻2 0 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑠 =
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒

𝟑𝟏.𝟖𝟒𝒇𝒕
No. of 𝑯𝟐 𝟎𝒑𝒂𝒔𝒔 =
𝟏𝟎𝒇𝒕

No. of 𝑯𝟐 𝟎 𝒑𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 𝟑. 𝟏𝟖𝟒

Use: 4 water passes

Total No. of Tubes = No. of Tube/pass x No. of 𝐻2 0 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑠

Total No. of Tubes = 4 x 4

Total No. of Tubes = 16 tubes 51

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF PLANT FLOOR PLAN
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
TOP VIEW
LEFT SIDE VIEW
RIGTH SIDE VIEW
Materials foundation for Engine

For (750 kW, 750 kW, 910 kW, 1500kW)

And Tank fuel Storage

Sack of Cement 782 bags P 125,902.00

Sand 44,208 cubic/meter P 5194.00

Gravel (stone) 88.14 cubic/meter P 15,424.71
Reinforcement of bar 14 960 pcs. P 59,760.00
mm
Bolts AISI 8640 1407 pcs. P 21, 456.75
Engine 1 and 2 (750 kW) P 6, 432,000.00
Engine 3 (910 kW) P 3,423, 000.00
Engine 4 ( 1500 kW) P 4, 704, 000.00

=P14, 786, 737.46

For Cooling Tower

T- 210 (1/4 HP)............................................................................. = P76, 542.00

Heat Exchanger (Aluminium Brass/ 4tube)................................... = P1, 386, 000.00

Fuel Pump (Power Plant Purposes/set)........................................ = P106, 522.00

Area of Purpose for Power Plant (1000 sq.m).............................. = P100, 000.00

= P1, 699.046

= P14,786, 737.46+ 1, 669, 046(30%manpoer)

=P16, 455, 783.46 x.3

=P4,936, 735.038

= P 4,936,735.038+ P 16,455,783.46

= P21, 392, 518.5

Diesel – 331,947,936 per annum

Total investment = diesel consumption + investment

Total investment = 331, 947, 936 + 21, 391, 518.5

=P353, 339, 454.5

Rate of return

A. 910 kW vf= 280.44L/hr

750 kW vf=237.12L/hr x 2
1500kW vf=508.44L/hr
Total volume flow rate of fuel =1263.12L/hr or 11064931.2L/year
Fuel Rate/ Price per Yr. = 331,947,936.00

Annual Revenue =331, 947, 936.00(0.25)

=P82, 986, 984.00

=fuel rate/price per yr+ Interest gained from fuel

= 331,947, 936.00+82,986, 984.00

Annual Revenue =P 436,210,445.00

B. Depreciation = 𝑃353339454.5−𝑃3533945.4
(1.25)5 −1
0.25

= P 38,735, 214.48
C. Operating and maintenance cost – P1,000,000
D. Taxes and Insurance = (0.4)( 353339454.5)
=141,335,781.8

Net Annual Profit = A-B-C-D

= P436, 210, 445 –P 38,735,214.48 –P 1,000,000 –P 141,335,781.8

=P255,139,458.7

𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙
𝑅𝑂𝑅= 𝑥 100
𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡

𝑅𝑂𝑅=255,139,458.7
353,339,454.5
𝑥 100
𝑹𝑶𝑹=72.21%

Note:

Therefore if the rate of return is 72.21% per year it is stimulated that within 1.5
years the power plant will attain breakeven point.

For consumer;

116,181,720.00
Peso/Liter =
10,064,931.2 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 (𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠)𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

Price for customer peso per liter of fuel = 39.42 per liter

𝑝𝑒𝑠𝑜
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 (𝑙𝑖)𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟) 𝑥( )
Price per kW-hr = 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟
𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟

𝐿
11,064,931.2 𝑥 39.42
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
=
9990050 𝑘𝑊−ℎ𝑟/𝑦𝑟

= P 43.66 kW-hr