Presidents of the Philippines

Emilio Aguinaldo
Former President of the Philippines
Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy QSC, CCLH was a Filipino revolutionary, politician, and military
leader who is officially recognized as the first and the youngest President of the
Philippines and first president of a constitutional republic in Asia.
Born: 22 March 1869, Kawit, Cavite
Died: 6 February 1964, Quezon City
Full name: Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy
Years of service: 1897–1901
Spouse: Maria Agoncillo (m. 1930–1963), Hilaria del Rosario de Aguinaldo (m. 1896–
1921)
Books
True version of the Philip...1899
Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan 1964
A second look at America 1957

Manuel L. Quezon
Former President of the Philippines
Manuel L. Quezon was a Filipino statesman, soldier, and politician who served as president
of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. He was the first Filipino to
head a government of the entire Philippines, and is considered to have been the second
president of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo.
Born: 19 August 1878, Baler
Died: 1 August 1944, Saranac Lake, New York, United States
Full name: Manuel Luis Quezón y Molina
Presidential term: 15 November 1935 – 1 August 1944
Education: Colegio de San Juan de Letran, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Civil
Law, University of Santo Tomas
Children: Manuel L. "Nonong" Quezón, Jr., MORE

José P. Laurel
Former President of the Philippines
José P. Laurel, CCLH was a Filipino politician and judge. He was the president of the
Second Philippine Republic, a Japanese puppet state when occupied during World
War II, from 1943 to 1945.
Born: 9 March 1891, Tanauan, Batangas
Died: 6 November 1959, Manila
Full name: José Paciano Laurel García
Presidential term: 14 October 1943 – 17 August 1945
Education: University of Santo Tomas(1919), MORE
Children: Salvador Laurel, Sotero Laurel, José Laurel Jr., MORE

Sergio Osmeña
Former President of the Philippines
Sergio Osmeña Sr., PLH, was a Filipino politician who served as the third President
of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946. He was Vice President under Manuel L.
Quezon. Upon Quezon's sudden death in 1944, Osmeña succeeded him, at age 65,
becoming the oldest holder of the office.
Born: 9 September 1878, Cebu
Died: 19 October 1961, Quezon City
Full name: Sergio Osmeña, Sr.
Presidential term: 1 August 1944 – 28 May 1946
Education: University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Civil Law, MORE
Parents: Pedro Lee Gotiaoco, Juana Osmeña y Suico
Manuel Roxas
Former President of the Philippines
Manuel Acuña Roxas was the fifth President of the Philippines who served from
1946 until his death in 1948.
Born: 1 January 1892, Roxas, Capiz
Died: 15 April 1948, Clark Air Base, Mabalacat
Full name: Manuel Acuña Roxas
Cause of death: Heart attack
Presidential term: 28 May 1946 – 15 April 1948
Education: University of the Philippines College of Law (1913), University of Manila

Elpidio Quirino
Former President of the Philippines
Elpidio Rivera Quirino was a Filipino politician of ethnic Ilocano descent who
served as the sixth President of the Philippines from 1948 to 1953. A lawyer by
profession, Quiríno entered politics when he became a representative of Ilocos Sur
from 1919 to 1925. He was then elected as senator from 1925–1931.
Born: 16 November 1890, Vigan
Died: 29 February 1956, Quezon City
Full name: Elpidio Quirino y Rivera
Presidential term: 17 April 1948 – 30 December 1953
Spouse: Alicia Syquia (m. 1921–1945)
Education: University of the Philippines Manila, University of the
Philippines, University of the Philippines College of Law

Ramon Magsaysay
Former President of the Philippines
Ramón del Fierro Magsaysay Sr. was a Filipino politician who was the seventh
President of the Philippines, serving from December 30, 1953 until his death in an
aircraft disaster.
Born: 31 August 1907, Iba, Zambales
Died: 17 March 1957, Balamban
Full name: Ramón del Fierro Magsaysay
Cause of death: Aviation accidents and incidents
Presidential term: 30 December 1953 – 17 March 1957
Education: José Rizal University (1928–1932), University of the
Philippines, University of the East College of Law

Carlos P. Garcia
Former President of the Philippines
Carlos Polestico Garcia, commonly known as Carlos P. Garcia, was a Filipino
teacher, poet, orator, lawyer, public official, political economist, organized
guerrilla and Commonwealth military leader, who was the eighth President of the
Philippines.
Born: 4 November 1896, Captaincy General of the Philippines
Died: 14 June 1971, Quezon City
Full name: Carlos Polistico García
Presidential term: 18 March 1957 – 30 December 1961
Education: Philippine Law School (1923), Silliman University College of Arts and
Sciences (1916–1918), National University
Parents: Policronio García, Ambrosia Polistico
Diosdado P. Macapagal
Former President of the Philippines
Diosdado Pangan Macapagal was the ninth President of the Philippines, serving
from 1961 to 1965, and the sixth Vice-President, serving from 1957 to 1961. He
also served as a member of the House of Representatives, and headed the
Constitutional Convention of 1970.
Born: 28 September 1910, Lubao
Died: 21 April 1997, Makati Medical Center, Makati
Full name: Diosdado Pangan Macapagal
Presidential term: 30 December 1961 – 30 December 1965
Education: University of Santo Tomas(1947), MORE
Spouse: Eva Macapagal (m. 1946–1997), Purita de la Rosa (m. 1938–1943)

Ferdinand Marcos
Former President of the Philippines
Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr. was a Filipino politician and kleptocrat who
was President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He ruled as a dictator under
martial law from 1972 until 1981. His regime was infamous for its corruption,
extravagance, and brutality.
Born: 11 September 1917, Sarrat
Died: 28 September 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
Full name: Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos
Presidential term: 30 December 1965 – 25 February 1986
Buried: 18 November 2016, Heroes' Cemetery, Taguig
Books: The democratic revolution in the Philippines, MORE

Corazon Aquino
Former President of the Philippines
Maria Corazon "Cory" Cojuangco Aquino was a Filipina politician who served as
the 11th President of the Philippines and the first woman to hold that office.
She is widely accredited as the "Mother of Asian Democracy".
Born: 25 January 1933, Paniqui, Tarlac
Died: 1 August 2009, Makati Medical Center, Makati
Presidential term: 25 February 1986 – 30 June 1992
Awards: Prize For Freedom, MORE
Siblings: Jose Cojuangco Jr., Josephine C. Reyes, Pedro Cojuangco, Maria Paz
Cojuangco, Teresita Cojuangco

Fidel Ramos
Former President of the Philippines
Gen. Fidel Valdez Ramos, AFP CCLH GCMG, popularly known as FVR and Eddie, is
a retired Filipino general and politician who served as the 12th President of the
Philippines from 1992 to 1998.
Born: 18 March 1928 (age 90 years), Lingayen, Pangasinan
Full name: Fidel Valdez Ramos
Presidential term: 30 June 1992 – 30 June 1998
Spouse: Amelita Ramos (m. 1954)
Education: Ateneo de Manila University(1980), MORE
Books: Developing as a democracy, Time for takeoff, MORE
Joseph Estrada
Former President of the Philippines
Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada is a Filipino politician and former actor who served
as the 13th President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001 and as the 9th Vice
President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998. In 2001, he became the first
president in Asia to be impeached from an executive role. Wikipedia
Born: 19 April 1937 (age 81 years), Tondo
Full name: Jose Marcelo Ejercito
Presidential term: 30 June 1998 – 20 January 2001
Spouse: Loi Ejercito (m. 1959)
Children: Jinggoy Estrada, JV Ejercito, Jerika Ejercito, Jackie Ejercito, Jude
Ejercito, Jake Ejercito, Jacob Ejercito, Jojo Ejercito
Movies
Kumander Alibasbas
1981
Ang Tanging Pamilya...
2009
Ito Ang Pilipino
1966

Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

Former President of the Philippines
Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal Arroyo CYC is a Filipino professor and politician
who was the 14th President of the Philippines from 2001 until 2010, as the 10th
Vice President of the Philippines from ...
Born: 5 April 1947 (age 71 years), Lubao
Full name: María Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal
Presidential term: 20 January 2001 – 30 June 2010
Spouse: Jose Miguel Arroyo (m. 1968)
Education: University of the Philippines Diliman (1985), MORE
Vice president: Noli de Castro (2004–2010), Teofisto Guingona Jr. (2001–2004)

Benigno Aquino III

Former President of the Philippines
Benigno Simeon "Noynoy" Cojuangco Aquino III is a Filipino politician who served
as the 15th President of the Philippines from 2010 until 2016. Aquino is a fourth-
generation politician and the chairman of the Liberal Party from 2010 to 2016.
Born: 8 February 1960 (age 58 years), Sampaloc, Manila
Full name: Benigno Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III
Presidential term: 30 June 2010 – 30 June 2016
Education: Ateneo de Manila University(1981)
Party: Liberal Party
Previous offices: Secretary of the Interior and Local Government (2010–
2010), MORE

Rodrigo Duterte
President of the Philippines
Rodrigo Roa Duterte, also known as Digong and Rody, is a Filipino politician who is
the 16th and current President of the Philippines and the first from Mindanao, the
southernmost major island group of the country, to hold the office. He is chair of
the ruling PDP–Laban party.
Born: 28 March 1945 (age 73 years), Maasin
Full name: Rodrigo Roa Duterte
Height: 1.68 m
Presidential term: 30 June 2016 –
Education: San Beda College of Law(1968–1972), MORE
Spouse: Elizabeth Zimmerman (m. 1973–2000), Honeylet Avanceña
Heroes in the Philippines

José Rizal
Filipino ophthalmologist

José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda widely known as José Rizal (Spanish pronunciation: June 19, 1861 –
December 30, 1896), was a Filipino nationalist and polymath during the tail end of the Spanish colonial period of
the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda
Movement which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain.
He was executed by the Spanish colonial government for the crime of rebellion after the Philippine Revolution, inspired
in part by his writings, broke out. Though he was not actively involved in its planning or conduct, he ultimately
approved of its goals which eventually led to Philippine independence.
He is widely considered one of the greatest heroes of the Philippines and has been recommended to be so honored by
an officially empaneled National Heroes Committee. However, no law, executive order or proclamation has been
enacted or issued officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero. He was the author of the
novels Noli Me Tángere and El filibusterismo, and a number of poems and essays.

Born José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

June 19, 1861
Calamba, Laguna, Spanish Philippines
Died December 30, 1896 (aged 35)
Bagumbayan, Manila, Spanish Philippines
Cause of death Execution by firing squad

Monuments Luneta Park, Manila,

Calamba, Laguna,
Daet, Camarines Norte,
Carson, California
Other names Pepe, Jose (nicknames)
Alma mater Ateneo Municipal de Manila
University of Santo Tomas
Universidad Central de Madrid
Organization La Solidaridad, La Liga Filipina
Spouse(s) Josephine Bracken (1896)
Parent(s) Francisco Mercado Rizal (father)
Teodora Alonso Realonda (mother)
Signature
 Andrés Bonifacio
Filipino revolutionary

Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro (November 30, 1863 – May 10, 1897) was a Filipino revolutionary leader and the
president of the Tagalog Republic. He is often called "The Father of the Philippine Revolution". He was one of the
founders and later Supremo(Supreme Leader) of the Kataas-taasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak
ng Bayan or more commonly known as "Katipunan", a movement which sought the independence of
the Philippines from Spanish colonial rule and started the Philippine Revolution He is considered a de facto national
hero of the Philippines.

An engraving of Bonifacio from 1897.[1]

Born Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro

November 30, 1863

Tondo, Manila,

Captaincy General of the Philippines

Died May 10, 1897 (aged 33)

Maragondon, Cavite,

Spanish Philippines

Resting place Unknown

Nationality Filipino

Other names May pagasa, Agapito Bagumbayan, Sinukuan, Supremo

Education Self-educated

Known for Philippine Revolution

 Cry of Pugad Lawin

 Battle of Manila (1896)

 Battle of San Juan del Monte

 Battle of Pasong Tamo

 Battle of San Mateo and Montalban

 Cry of Balintawak

 First Cry

Political party La Liga Filipina

Katipunan

Spouse(s) Monica (c. 1880–1890, her death)

Gregoria de Jesús (1893–1897, his death)

Children Andres de Jesús Bonifacio, Jr. (born on early 1896, died in infancy)
 The Most Excellent
Apolinario Mabini

Apolinario Mabini y Maranan (July 23, 1864 – May 13, 1903) was a Filipino revolutionary leader, educator, lawyer,
and statesmanwho served first as a legal and constitutional adviser to the Revolutionary Government, and then as
the first Prime Minister of the Philippines upon the establishment of the First Philippine Republic. He is regarded as
the "utak ng himagsikan" or "brain of the revolution”.
Two of his works, El Verdadero Decalogo (The True Decalogue, June 24, 1898), and Programa Constitucional dela
Republica Filipina(The Constitutional Program of the Philippine Republic, 1898) became instrumental in the
drafting of what would eventually be known as the Malolos Constitution.
Mabini performed all his revolutionary and governmental activities despite having lost the use of both his legs to
polio shortly before the Philippine Revolution of 1896.
Mabini's role in Philippine history saw him confronting first Spanish colonial rule in the opening days of the
Philippine Revolution, and then American colonial rule in the days of the Philippine–American War. The latter saw
Mabini captured and exiled to Guam by American colonial authorities, allowed to return only two months before
his eventual death in May, 1903.

1st Prime Minister of the Philippines In office

January 23, 1899 – May 7, 1899

President Emilio Aguinaldo

Preceded by Position established

Succeeded Pedro Paterno

by

Minister of Foreign Affairs In office

January 23, 1899 – May 7, 1899

Preceded by Position established

Succeeded Felipe Buencamino

by

Personal details

Born Apolinario Mabini y Maranan

July 23, 1864[1]

Tanauan, Batangas, Captaincy General of the Philippines

Died May 13, 1903 (aged 38)

Manila, Philippine Islands

Alma mater Colegio de San Juan de Letran

University of Santo Tomas

Profession Politician
 Marcelo H. del Pilar
Filipino writer

Marcelo H. del Pilar (born Marcelo Hilario del Pilar y Gatmaitán; August 30, 1850 – July 4, 1896),
better known by his pen name Plaridel was a Filipino writer, lawyer, journalist, and freemason. Del Pilar,
along with José Rizal and Graciano López Jaena, became known as the leaders of the Reform Movement in
Spain.
Del Pilar was born and brought up in Bulakan, Bulacan. At an early age, he became a critic of the monastic
rule in the country (the Spanish friars). He was suspended at the University of Santo Tomas and jailed in
1869 after he and the parish priest quarrelled over exorbitant baptismal fees. In the 1880s, he expanded
his anti-friar movement from Malolos to Manila. He went to Spain in 1888 after an order of banishment
was issued against him. Twelve months after his arrival in Barcelona, he succeeded López Jaena as editor
of the La Solidaridad (Solidarity). Publication of the newspaper stopped in 1895 due to lack of funds.
Losing hope in reforms, he planned to lead a revolution against Spain. He was on his way home in 1896
when he contracted tuberculosis in Barcelona. He later died in a public hospital and was buried in a
pauper's grave.
On November 30, 1997, the Technical Committee of the National Heroes Committee, created through
Executive Order No. 5 by former President Fidel Ramos, recommended del Pilar along with the eight
Filipino historical figures to be National Heroes. The recommendations were submitted to Department of
Education Secretary Ricardo T. Gloria on November 22, 1995. No action has been taken for these
recommended historical figures. In 2009, this issue was revisited in one of the proceedings of the 14th
Congress.

Marcelo H. del Pilar, ca. 1889

Born Marcelo Hilario del Pilar y Gatmaitán

August 30, 1850

Bulakan, Bulacan, Captaincy General of the Philippines

Died July 4, 1896 (aged 45)

Barcelona, Spain

Resting Marcelo H. del Pilar National Shrine, Bulakan, Bulacan, Philippines

place

Nationality Filipino

Alma mater University of Santo Tomas

Occupation writer, lawyer, journalist, and freemason

Organization La Solidaridad

Spouse(s) Marciana H. del Pilar (1878–1896; his death)

Children 2
 Sultan Muhammad Dipatuan Kudarat
Political leader

Muhammad Dipatuan Kudarat (1581–1671) was the 7th Sultan of Maguindanao from 1619
to 1671. During his reign, he successfully fought off Spanish invasions and hindered the spread of
Roman Catholicism in the island of Mindanao much like the other Muslim rulers of the southern
Philippine archipelago. He was a direct descendant of Shariff Kabungsuwan, a Malay-
Arab Johor noble who brought Islam to Mindanao between the 13th and 14th century.
The Soccsksargen province of Sultan Kudarat is named after him, together with the Municipality
of Sultan Kudarat, Maguindanao, where his descendants of Datus and rulers are still the current
political leaders.
Under the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, Sultan Kudarat became a Philippine national hero.

Monument of Sultan Dipatuan Kudarat in Tantawan Park, Cotabato City.

7th Sultan of Maguindanao

Reign 1619–1671

Successor Sultan Saifuddin Dundang Tidulay

Born Muhammad Dipatuan Kudarat

1581

Maguindanao

Died 1671 (aged 89–90)

Simuay, Maguindanao

House Sultanate of Maguindanao

Father Sultan Laut Buisan

Religion Islam
 Melchora Aquino de Ramos

Melchora Aquino de Ramos (6 January 1812 – 2 March 1919) was a Filipina revolutionary who became
known as "Tandang Sora" ("Elder Sora") because of her age during the Philippine Revolution.She was known
as the "Grand Woman of the Revolution" and the "Mother of Balintawak" for her contributions

Aquino was born on 6 January 1812 in Balintawak, Quezon City.

Aquino, daughter of a peasant couple, Juan and Valentina Aquino, never attended school. However, she was apparently
literate at an early age and talented as a singer and performed at local events as well as at Mass for her Church. She
was also often chosen for the role of Reyna Elena during the "Santacruzan", a processional pageant
commemorating Empress Helen's finding of the Cross of Christ, celebrated in the Philippines in May.
Later in life, she married Fulgencio Ramos, a cabeza de barrio (village chief), and bore six children. Ramos died when
their youngest child was seven and she was left as a single parent for their children. Aquino continued her life as
an hermana mayor active in celebrating fiestas, baptisms, and weddings. She worked hard in order to give her
children an education.

Involvement in the revolution

In her native town, Tandang Sora operated a store, which became a refuge for the sick and wounded revolutionaries.
She fed,gave medical attention to and encouraged the revolutionaries with motherly advice and prayers.
Secret meetings of the Katipuneros (revolutionaries) were also held at her house. Thus she earned the names
"Woman of Revolution", "Mother of Balintawak", "Mother of the Philippine Revolution", and Tandang
Sora (Tandang is derived from the Tagalog word matandâ, which means old). She and her son, Juan Ramon, were
present in the Cry of Balintawak and were witnesses to the tearing up of the cedulas.
When the Spaniards learned about her activities and her knowledge to the whereabouts of the Katipuneros, she was
interrogated but she refused to divulge any information. She was then arrested by the guardia civil and was deported
to Guam, Marianas Islands where she and a woman named Segunda Puentes were placed under house arrest in the
residence of a Don Justo Dungca.
After the United States took control of the Philippines in 1898, Tandang Sora, like other exiles, returned to
Philippines until her death on 2 March 1919, aged 107.Her remains were then transferred to her own backyard (now
known as Himlayang Pilipino Memorial Park, Quezon City).

Born January 6, 1812

Balintawak, Caloocan (now part of Quezon City), Province of Manila, Captaincy General of the Philippines

Died March 2, 1919 (aged 107)

Caloocan, Philippine Islands

Nationality Filipino

Other names Tandang Sorâ

Spouse(s) Fulgencio Ramos

Children 7
 Jasmine Silang

María Josefa Gabriela Cariño de Silang (19 March 1731 – 20 September 1763) was a Filipina revolutionary leader
best known as the first female leader of a Filipino movement for independence from Spain.She took over the
reins of her husband Diego Silang's revolutionary movement after his assassination in 1763, leading the Ilocano
rebel movement for four months before she was captured and executed by the colonial government of the
Spanish East Indies.

Gabriela Silang (March 19, 1731 – September 20, 1763), born Maria Josefa Gabriela Cariño, was born
in Barangay Caniogan, Santa, Ilocos Sur to a Spanish Ilocano father Anselmo Cariño, a trader who ferried his wares
from Vigan to Abra along the Abra River and a descendant of Ignacio Cariño, the first Galician from Spain to arrive
in Candon, Ilocos Sur in late 17th century. Her mother was a Tinguian mother who was from a
Tinguian Barrio in San Quintin Abra (now Pidigan).
She received a Christian upbringing from the town's parish priest, and attained elementary level education at the
town’s convent school. After being separated from her parents early in her childhood, she was raised by a priest,
who eventually arranged a marriage between her and the wealthy businessman. They married in 1751, and he
died three years later.

After being widowed by her first husband, Gabriela met insurgent leader Diego Silang and married him in 1757. In
1762, as part of what would later be known as the Seven Years' War, Britain declared war on Spain, which
caused the British occupation of the Philippines. After British naval forces captured Manila in October 1762, an
emboldened Diego sought to initiate an armed struggle to overthrow the Spanishfunctionaries in Ilocos and
replace them with native-born officials. He collaborated with the British occupiers, who appointed him governor
of the Ilocos region on their behalf and promised military reinforcement to help in the fight against the Spanish.
This reinforcement was, however, never delivered. During this revolt, Gabriela became one of Diego's closest
advisors and his unofficial aide-de-camp during skirmishes with Spanish troops. She was also a major figure in
her husband's collaboration with the British occupiers. Spanish authorities retaliated by offering a reward for
Diego’s assassination. Consequently, his two former allies Miguel Vicos and Pedro Becbec killed him in Vigan on
May 28, 1763.
Revolutionary leadership in Abra
After Diego’s assassination, Gabriela fled to Tayum, Abra to seek refuge in the house of her paternal uncle,
Nicolas Cariño. There, she appointed her first two generals, Miguel Flores and Tagabuen Infiel. She later assumed
her husband's role as commander of the rebel troops and achieved a "priestess" status amongst her community
and followers. Her popular image as the bolo-wielding la Generala on horseback stems from this period.

Born María Josefa Gabriela Cariño

March 19, 1731

Santa, Ilocos Sur, Captaincy General of the Philippines

Died 20 September 1763 (aged 32)

Vigan, Ilocos Sur, Captaincy General of the Philippines

Other names Gabriela Silang

la Generala

Joan of Arc of Ilocandia

Juana Azurduy of the Far East

Spouse(s) Tomás Millan (1751–54)

Diego Silang (1757–63)

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