Solar powered grass cutter and pesticide spreading robot
Abstract:
A Solar Powered Automatic Grass Cutting And Pesticide Spreading robot project is mainly
proposal for reduce the manpower and usage of electricity. Solar plate is used to provide the
source to the battery charging. It is an automated system for the purpose of grass cutting. The
source is drive from the solar energy by using solar plate. The system control is done by the
Arduino UNO R3. Automation is achieved by using sensors and Arduino UNO R3. Wheels and
cutting operations are done using dc motors. DC battery is utilized for powering and standby
mode operation of the system. The whole supply is provided through the battery and to charge
the battery charger circuit is used to provide the charging for the battery. Also the second
application is that the spreading of pesticide here we used the water pump with spreading nozzle.
Block Diagram:
Solar Panel
DC Motor
Battery
Atmega328p
Bluetooth
Grass Cutter
Mechanism
Pesticide
Sprayer
Relay
Description:
In the proposed system can be operated through android mobile. In android mode the
android mobile phone uses Bluetooth as a communication media to operate the robotic
system. The user sends the commands from the android mobile app.
The Bluetooth module connected to the control unit receives commands from the mobile
phone. The control unit will process those commands and operate the motors of the robot
and the sprinkler motor through driving circuits.
The user can perform two control operations on the system, Robot Motion Control and
Pesticide Flow Control. User control the robot motion in four directions: front, back, left
and right.
The pesticide flow quantity can be set by the User by controlling the speed of the
sprinkler motor in the sprinkler system.
The sprinkler motor speed is controlled by using the concept of PWM. The control unit
processes those commands and drives the dc motors that control the Movement of the
robotic system and the sprinkler motor that control the quantity of pesticide.
For Grass cutting Grass cutter attached at the bottom which is controlled by mobile. It
uses solar energy to operate. First the solar energy is absorbed by the solar panel. This
solar energy is then converted into electrical energy by the photovoltaic cell.
Here buck and boost converter is used to supply a required voltage from solar panel to
the battery. To spray the pesticides a 12v, 2.1amp DC motor is required. DC motor is
driven by the 12v 8AH battery.
Motor consists of one inlet & one outlet. Inlet opening is connected to pesticide tank and
outlet is connected0 by the sprayer nozzle. Motor creates the suction & helps to spray the
pesticides to the crops; Pesticide tank is having capacity of 12 liter.
Different types of nozzles are used for different kind of spray for example F nozzle, taper
nozzle, sector nozzle.
Hardware Required:
Atmega328p
Bluetooth
DC Motor
Software Required:
Arduino IDE
Protel
Modules:
Atmega328p
ATmega328 is an 8-bit and 28 Pins AVR Microcontroller, manufactured by Microchip,
follows RISC Architecure and has a flash type program memory of 32KB.
It has an EEPROM memory of 1KB and its SRAM memory is of 2KB.
It has 8 Pin for ADC operations, which all combines to form PortA ( PA0 – PA7 ).
It also has 3 builtin Timers, two of them are 8 Bit timers while the third one is 16-Bit
Timer.
It operates ranging from 3.3V to 5.5V but normally we use 5V as a standard.
Its excellent features include the cost efficiency, low power dissipation, programming
lock for security purposes, real timer counter with separate oscillator.
It’s normally used in Embedded Systems applications. You should have a look at
these Real Life Examples of Embedded Systems, we can design all of them using this
Microcontroller.
Bluetooth (HC05)
Bluetooth is a technology for wireless communication. It is designed to replace cable connections.It uses
serial communication to communicate with devices. It communicates with microcontroller using serial
port (USART). Usually, it connects small devices like mobile phones, PDAs and TVs using a short-range
wireless connection to exchange documents. It uses the 2.45GHz frequency band. The connection can be
point-to-point or multi-point where the maximum range is 10 meters. The transfer rate of the data is
1Mbps.
HC-05 Bluetooth module provides switching mode between master and slave mode which means it able
to use neither receiving nor transmitting data.
Comparing it to the HC-06 module, which can only be set as a Slave, the HC-05 can be set as Master as
well which enables making a communication between two separate Arduino Boards.
You can use Bluetooth module simply for a serial port replacement to establish connection between
MCU, PC to your embedded project and etc.
