Instrument Rating

COURSE SYLLABUS
INSTRUMENT RATING
Cessna eLearning
Web Based Instructional Programs
Cessna Instrument
Rating Training Course
SYLLABUS
King Schools, Inc.

3840 Calle Fortunada
San Diego, CA 92123
800-854-1001 (USA) y 858-541-2200 (Worldwide)
www.kingschools.com
Version 1.03
©Copyright 2011 – 2016
King Schools, Inc.
All right reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission of
the author and publisher. Manufactured in the United States of America.
Cessna Instrument Rating Syllabus
Your Path to Becoming an Instrument Rated Pilot
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Steps for Becoming an Instrument Rated Pilot ........................................... i
Course Elements ......................................................................................... i
Course Structure ......................................................................................... ii
What to Expect Before and After Each Flight .............................................. iv
Progressing Through the Syllabus .............................................................. iv
Overall System Use .................................................................................... v
FAA Industry Training Standards (FITS) ..................................................... v
Scenario Based Training ............................................................................. vi
Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM) ................................................ vii
Learner-Centered Grading .......................................................................... viii
Everyday Use of FITS Concepts ................................................................. ix
Knowledge Content ..................................................................................... ix
KNOWLEDGE AND FLIGHT ELEMENTS
STAGE 1: Instrument Flying Skills.............................................................. 1
Phase 1: Developing Instrument Skills ................................................. 2
Phase 2: Polishing Instrument Skills .................................................... 11
STAGE 2: Using Navigation Equipment ..................................................... 25
Phase 3: GPS, NDB, and VOR Navigation .......................................... 26
Phase 4: Holding Patterns and DME Arcs ........................................... 33
STAGE 3: Flying Instrument Approaches ................................................... 41
Phase 5: Precision and Non-Precision Instrument Approaches ........... 42
Phase 6: Automation, ATC, and Other Approaches ............................. 51
STAGE 4: Cross-Country and Practical Test Preparation .......................... 61
Phase 7: IFR Cross-Country ................................................................ 62
Phase 8: Practical Test Preparation ..................................................... 69
APPENDIX A (CESSNA INSTRUMENT COURSE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS)
Cessna Instrument Rating Course Training Requirements ......................... A1
Ground Training Summary .......................................................................... A2
Instrument Rating Course, Part 141 ............................................................ A3
Instrument Rating Course, Part 61 .............................................................. A3
Recommended Flight Times (Part 141) ...................................................... A4
Recommended Flight Times (Part 61) ........................................................ A6
APPENDIX B (RISK MANAGEMENT CHECKLISTS)
PAVE ........................................................................................................... B1
CARE .......................................................................................................... B2
Ver. 1.00
Ver. 1.00
Record of Revisions
INSTRUMENT RATING SYLLABUS

REVISION RECORD
Revision Revision Online Change Description

Number Date Date
Ver. 1.00 08-15-11 ORIGINAL ORIGINAL

Ver. 1.01 02-16-16 02-22-16 Pg 12 Radar Summary Chart lesson renamed and revised
due to deletion of Radar Summary charts from preflight
briefings.
Ver. 1.02 05-12-16 05-12-16 Pg 5, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 28, 29, 30, 34, 35, 44, 45, 47,
53, 55, 64 & A3-A7 to reflect ATD use rule change.
Ver. 1.03 06-15-16 06-15-16 Pg iii, 8, 31, 36, 56-59, 66, 69, 70, 72-74, 76, & 77 replaced
“Practical Test Standards” with “Airman Certification
Standards.”
Ver. 1.03 06-15-16 06-15-16 Pg 62 replaced Airport/Facility Directory with Chart
Supplement
R1 Ver. 1.03
Record of Revisions
INSTRUMENT RATING SYLLABUS

REVISION RECORD
Revision Revision Online Change Description
Number Date Date
Ver. 1.00 R2
Cessna Instrument Rating Syllabus
Your Path to Becoming an Instrument Rated Pilot
Congratulations!
You now embark on one of the most exciting endeavors—learning to fly through clouds and low
visibility. You will find it challenging and fun, as well as intellectually, physically and emotionally
stimulating. Whether you use an airplane as a tool for business or simply to get above and beyond life
on the ground, you’ll find that the act of piloting an airplane in challenging weather conditions expands
your mind and senses like nothing else you’ve ever experienced.
This syllabus is the guide to your flight training. By following it, you know the objective of every phase of
training and individual flight scenario. It also helps you to understand the topics that you need to study
before you go to the airport.
STEPS FOR BECOMING AN INSTRUMENT RATED PILOT

Earning an instrument rating involves a few specific steps. Your Cessna Pilot Center will explain each
step below in detail.
• Be at least 17 years old (you can start training earlier)
• Possess a valid medical certificate
• Pass a test on aeronautical knowledge (this course prepares you for that test)
• Complete the required flight training for the course
• Pass a practical test
COURSE ELEMENTS
The Cessna online pilot training
• Provides innovative and interactive learning exercises
• Is accessible anywhere you have an Internet connection
• Includes in-airplane videos that can be downloaded for your convenience
The unique design of the training program
• Integrates web-based knowledge sessions with flight scenarios
• Ensures that before every flight you will have the required knowledge to succeed
• Provides flight previews to give you a pilot’s view of what you will practice in the airplane
You and your instructor will discuss the schedule for your training and you will know
• When to complete the appropriate web-based knowledge instruction and flight previews
• What to bring with you for each flight scenario
Upon completion of each flight scenario you and your instructor will
• Review the elements of the flight scenario and the scenario outcome
• Compare your performance to the completion standards
• Independently evaluate the tasks in the flight scenario
• Discuss and compare the results
• Discuss the next flight scenario
Please note that it may take you more than one flight to complete a flight scenario to the established
standards.
i Ver. 1.00
COURSE STRUCTURE
The course is divided into four stages. Each stage is divided into two phases.
Stage 1 Stage 2
Instrument Flying Using Navigation
Skills Equipment
PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3 PHASE 4

Developing Polishing GPS, NDB and Holding Patterns
Instrument Skills Instrument Skills VOR Navigation and DME Arcs
Stage 3 Stage 4
Flying Instrument Cross Country and Practical
Approaches Test Preparation
PHASE 5 PHASE 6 PHASE 7 PHASE 8

Precision and Non- Automation, ATC IFR Cross Country Practical Test
precision Instrument and Other Preparation
Approaches Approaches
STAGES
Each stage has a required Progress Check that
• Checks your progress and the effectiveness of your instructor pairing
• Consists of oral quizzing and a flight
• Is given by the Chief Flight Instructor, Assistant Chief Flight Instructor or a designated instructor
The progress checks
• Are nothing to get nervous about; they are to ensure the completeness of your training
o You will find that flying with another instructor often provides fresh insight and new
techniques
• Can be found in
o Stage 1, Phase 2
o Stage 2, Phase 4
o Stage 3, Phase 6
o Stage 4, Phase 8
PHASES
There are eight phases of training. Each phase has
• Web-based Knowledge Instruction
• Ground Training Checklists
• Flight Scenarios
• Phase Proficiency Checklists
The four stage-ending phases also include
• Progress Check Scenarios
• Progress Check Oral and Flight Checklists
Ver. 1.00 ii
PHASE SEQUENCE
The eight phases are:
1. DEVELOPING INSTRUMENT SKILLS — In this phase you learn preflight preparation
for IFR flight, instrument scan techniques, basic instrument flight maneuvers, using the
magnetic compass and postflight procedures following an IFR flight.
2. POLISHING INSTRUMENT SKILLS — Here you will polish your skills controlling the
airplane by reference only to the flight instruments and learn to receive, copy and fly an
IFR clearance. You will also learn to control the airplane simulating failure of the primary
flight instruments and recover from an unusual flight attitude.
3. GPS, NDB AND VOR NAVIGATION — This phase provides you the opportunity to
develop skills and gain confidence using RNAV, GPS, NDB and VOR avionics systems
for IFR navigation. In addition you will learn to apply these skills flying IFR departure
procedures.
4. HOLDING PATTERNS AND DME ARCS — This phase introduces holding patterns
including their purpose and the requirements for entering, flying and making reports if
you have received a holding clearance. You will also learn to fly DME arcs.
5. PRECISION AND NONPRECISION INSTRUMENT APPROACHES — During this
phase you will fly both precision and nonprecision approach procedures while learning
the visual references needed to make the decision to continue for landing. If the required
references are not visible, you will follow the missed approach procedure.
6. AUTOMATION, ATC AND OTHER APPROACHES — In this phase, you’ll polish your skill
with precision and nonprecision approaches. You will also discover the value of using the
autopilot for instrument approaches. In addition you’ll learn about using a circling maneuver to
align with the landing runway.
7. IFR CROSS COUNTRY — Here you learn the steps involved in planning for and
flying safe cross countries under Instrument Flight Rules. During a long cross country
you will use three different types of IFR approach procedures.
8. PRACTICAL TEST PREPARATION— In this phase you will polish all the instrument
flying skills and knowledge you have learned to meet or exceed the Instrument Rating
Airman Certification Standards.
Web-based Knowledge Instruction

• Forms your knowledge foundation for the flight scenarios
• Is to be completed before the corresponding phase can be considered complete
Ground Training Checklists

• Can be prepared for by studying the web-based curriculum, flight previews and course library
materials
o Including FAA publications such as the Instrument Flying Handbook, Instrument
Procedures Handbook, and FAR/AIM
• Includes items that
o Can be recorded as ‘Instruction Given’, ‘Describe’ or ‘Explain’
o Must be demonstrated to the ‘Explain’ level to complete the phase
‘Instruction Given’ indicates that your instructor briefed you on the subject
‘Describe’ indicates that you are able to describe the physical characteristics of the
maneuver or knowledge area
‘Explain’ indicates that you are able to describe the task or knowledge area and
understand the underlying concepts, principles and procedures
iii Ver. 1.03

Flight Scenarios
• Provide the objective, structure and real-world simulation for the training flights
• Are designed to help complete the phase training standards
• Can be customized by your Cessna Pilot Center to/for your local training environment
• May be completed out of phase or stage (if approved) as necessary
Phase Proficiency Checklists
• Contain completion standards for the phase, including
o Flight related tasks that are to be completed to the ‘Perform’ level
o Single-pilot Resource Management (SRM) items to be completed to the
‘Manage/Decide’ level
WHAT TO EXPECT BEFORE AND AFTER EACH FLIGHT
PREFLIGHT BRIEFING
Before each flight scenario you and your instructor will review the scenario objectives to make sure you
both understand what you will be doing during the lesson including any uncompleted tasks from a
previous scenario.
• Use this opportunity to ask any questions
• Make sure you understand what is expected of you
POSTFLIGHT DISCUSSION AND EVALUATION
After each flight, you and your instructor will
• Review your flight and evaluate your performance independently
• Compare and discuss your assessment with his or her evaluation
Your instructor will make recommendations to help you in your learning. Make sure you ask questions
about any area that is not clear.
You will then complete your flight training record based on the completion standards for the phase. Any
tasks requiring additional practice to meet the phase completion standards will be carried over to the
next flight scenario.
You may expect at least 15 minutes of preflight briefing and 15 minutes of postflight discussion and
evaluation for each scenario.
PROGRESSING THROUGH THE SYLLABUS
HOW TO COMPLETE A PHASE
You have completed a phase when you have achieved 100% progress for that phase in your home
study course, all Ground Training Checklist items evaluated as ‘Explain’ and all maneuver and SRM
tasks on the Phase Proficiency Checklist are evaluated at the ‘Perform’ or ‘Manage/Decide’ level as
appropriate for the completion standards.
You do not need to complete all scenarios in a phase in order to complete that particular phase.
• The scenarios are simply suggested flights to get you to the ‘Perform’ and ‘Manage/Decide’
level for the tasks and standards listed in that particular Phase Proficiency Checklist
It is more common to repeat scenarios to obtain the desired level of proficiency than to skip them.
If you are able meet all of the phase standards and skip a scenario
• You and your instructor must make sure that you meet the hourly training requirements required
for an Instrument Pilot Rating according to the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs)
o It is possible that you could finish up the course and have to make up time at the end
The flight scenarios in a phase are designed to progress in a building-block approach from lower to
higher levels of task and SRM complexity.
• When appropriate, scenarios may be flown out of order within a phase (i.e. equipment, facilities,
or weather impacting the next scenario in sequence)
Ver. 1.00 iv
It is recommended that you only fly scenarios that are in the current phase of training you are in
• However, with the approval of your Chief or Assistant Chief Instructor, you can complete
scenarios that are out of the phase you are currently in
INTEGRATING AVIATION TRAINING DEVICES INTO THE COURSE
It is highly recommended that aviation training devices be used to familiarize you to new concepts and
techniques whenever possible.
This syllabus is designed for integrated use with a wide variety of aviation training devices (ATDs),
which include basic aviation training devices (BATDs) and advanced aviation training devices (AATDs).
Any scenario labeled with *ATD MAY BE USED* may be performed in an aviation training device. You
will want to be aware that if all scenarios so labeled were flown in an aviation training device (ATD), you
will most likely exceed the maximum number of ATD hours that may be credited toward the total course
requirements. Note that the permitted ATD hours are different depending on whether you’re enrolled in
a Part 141 or a Part 61 curriculum. You and your instructor will want to make sure that you meet the in-
the-airplane training requirements (see Appendix A) before you complete the course.
OVERALL SYSTEM USE
The Cessna Instrument Pilot training system is designed to provide the most benefit when
• The instructor assigns preparation for the next scenario (normally in sequence) including
o Web-based study, suggested study materials, scenario planning
• Prior to the next scenario, you
o Study the assigned materials
o Print a Phase Progress Report for your training records at the airport
o Perform the necessary scenario planning
• Prior to the flight, the instructor may print your training objective for that day including the
Flight Scenario
Phase Ground Training Checklist and Proficiency Checklist
• During the preflight briefing
o Your instructor will
Review the Phase Progress Report you provide
May introduce or evaluate the items on the phase Ground Training Checklist
o You will
Ask any questions you may have
• During the postflight briefing
o You independently grade the applicable tasks on the Phase Proficiency Checklist
o Your instructor independently grades the tasks on the Phase Proficiency Checklist
o You then both discuss the scenario outcome and compare grading
o The instructor logs the scenario into the Course Tracking Application (CTA) at your
Cessna Pilot Center
FAA INDUSTRY TRAINING STANDARDS (FITS)
This flight training syllabus for Cessna Pilot Center customers uses the concepts developed under the
FAA Industry Training Standards (FITS) program. FITS incorporates three tenets
• Scenario-based training (SBT)
• Single-pilot resource management (SRM)
• Learner-centered grading (LCG)
Scenario-Based Training (SBT) uses real-world scenarios as the foundation of training. Flight
maneuvers are still a vital part of flight training, but the use of real-world scenarios help to develop a
pilot’s decision making skills. The training presents situations and circumstances that pilots face every
day as learning experiences.
Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM) includes the concepts of aeronautical decision making
(ADM), risk management (RM), task management (TM), automation management (AM), controlled
v Ver. 1.00
flight into terrain (CFIT) awareness, and situational awareness (SA). SRM training helps the pilot to
accurately assess and manage risk, thereby making logical and timely decisions.
Learner-Centered Grading (LCG) includes two parts: learner self assessment and a detailed debrief
by the instructor. The purpose of the self assessment is to stimulate growth in the learner’s thought
processes and, in turn, behaviors. The self assessment is followed by an in-depth discussion between
the instructor and the customer (pilot in training) that compares the instructor’s assessment to the
customer’s self assessment.
SCENARIO-BASED TRAINING
The scenario-based approach to training pilots emphasizes the development of critical thinking and
flight management skills, rather than focusing solely on traditional maneuver-based skills. The goal of
this training philosophy is the accelerated acquisition of higher-level decision making skills. Such skills
are necessary to prevent pilot-induced accidents.
Scenario-based training goals include the development of
• Critical thinking skills
• Aeronautical decision-making skills
• Situational awareness
• Pattern recognition (emergency procedures) and judgment skills
• Automation competence
• Planning and execution skills
• Procedural knowledge
• Psychomotor (hand-eye coordination) skills
• Risk management skills
• Task management skills
• Automation management skills
• Controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) awareness
For scenario-based training to be effective there must be a purpose for the flight and consequences if
the flight is not completed as planned.
It is vital that you, the pilot in training, and the instructor communicate the following information well in
advance of every training flight:
• Purpose of the flight
• Pressures to complete the flight (real or simulated)
• Risks/hazards associated with the scenario (real or simulated)
• Scenario destination(s)
• Desired outcomes
• Possible in-flight scenario changes or deviations (during later stages of the program)
With the guidance of your instructor, you should plan and fly the scenario as realistic as possible. This
means that you will know where you are going and what will transpire during the flight. While the actual
flight may deviate from the original plan, this method allows you to be placed in a realistic scenario.
SCENARIO PLANNING
Prior to the flight, you will be briefed on the scenario to be planned. You will plan the scenario; your
instructor will help you the first few times. The flight scenario should include
• Simulated real-world reason to go flying
• Route, including the
o Destination(s), weather, and applicable NOTAMs
• Pressures to complete the flight (real or simulated)
• Risks associated with the scenario (real or simulated)
• Possible deviations
Ver. 1.00 vi
Reality is the ultimate learning situation, and scenario-based training attempts to get as close as
possible to this ideal. The more realistic the training scenario
• The better core safety habits are learned, and
• Decision-making skills can be applied in the real world
SINGLE-PILOT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (SRM)

Single-pilot resource management (SRM) is defined as the art and science of managing all the
resources (both onboard the aircraft and from outside sources) available to a pilot flying in a single-pilot
operation (prior to and during flight) to ensure that the successful outcome of the flight is never in doubt.
SRM will be employed throughout this curriculum.
SRM includes the concepts of
• Task management (TM)
• Automation management (AM)
• Risk management (RM)
• Aeronautical decision making (ADM)
• Situational awareness (SA)
• Controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) awareness
SRM training helps a pilot maintain situational awareness by
• Managing the technology in the aircraft as well as aircraft control and navigation tasks
• Enabling the pilot to accurately assess and manage risk while making accurate and timely
decisions
• Helping pilots learn how to gather information, analyze it and make decisions
In most flight scenarios, there is no one correct answer. Pilots are expected to analyze each situation in
light of their
• Experience level
• Personal minimums
• Current physical and mental condition
• Ability to make their own decisions as best as possible
Below are standards for each training concept of SRM:
Performance Standards
The training task is: You will:
Task management (TM) Prioritize and select the most appropriate tasks (or series of
tasks) to ensure successful completion of the training scenario.
Automation management (AM) Program and utilize the most appropriate and useful modes of
cockpit automation to ensure successful completion of the
training scenario.
Risk management (RM) Utilize risk management tools to assess and mitigate risk
associated with the planned flight both during the preflight
planning and in flight.
Aeronautical decision making (ADM) Consistently make informed decisions in a timely manner
based on the task at hand and a thorough knowledge and use
of all available resources.
Situational Awareness (SA) Be aware of all factors such as traffic, weather, fuel state,
aircraft mechanical condition, and pilot fatigue level that may
have an impact on the successful completion of the training.
vii Ver. 1.00

Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) Understand, describe, and apply techniques to avoid CFIT
Awareness encounters during system and navigational failures and
physiological incidents during IFR flight.
LEARNER-CENTERED GRADING
Learner-centered grading includes two parts
• Learner self assessment
• A detailed debrief by the instructor
The purpose of the self assessment is to stimulate growth in the learner’s thought processes and, in
turn, behaviors. The self assessment is followed by an in-depth discussion between you and your flight
instructor that compares your self assessment to the instructor’s assessment.
Pre- and postflight briefings are essential for setting goals and assessing if the goals were achieved.
During events and tasks that require high levels of attention, there may be little time for learning as the
bulk of your cognitive resources are given to performing the actual task.
INDEPENDENTLY GRADING THE SCENARIO

After the scenario is complete, you and your instructor will independently grade your performance for
maneuvers and single-pilot resource management (SRM). Note that any grade that would not apply to
the task has been grayed out in this syllabus.
It is very important that enough time is allowed. Simply assigning grades and signing logbooks within a
limited period of time will not work with this grading system.
After independently evaluating the actual scenario outcomes compared to the desired outcomes
• You and your instructor come together to compare and discuss your individual evaluations
during the postflight discussion
You and your instructor may disagree on the evaluations
• This should be used as an opportunity to discuss the scenario further
• The instructor has the ultimate authority in assigning the final grade for the desired outcomes
MANEUVER (TASK) GRADES
Describe – At the completion of the ground training session, the pilot in training will be able to
describe the physical characteristics of the task at a rote level.
Explain – At the completion of the ground training session, the pilot in training will be able to
describe the task and display an understanding of the underlying concepts, principles, and
procedures.
Practice – At the completion of the scenario the pilot in training will be able to plan and execute the
scenario. Coaching, instruction, and/or assistance from the instructor will correct deviations and
errors identified by the instructor.
Perform – At the completion of the scenario, the pilot in training will be able to perform the activity
without assistance from the instructor. Errors and deviations will be identified and corrected by
the pilot in training in an expeditious manner. At no time will the successful completion of the
activity be in doubt.
Not Observed – Used if an event is not accomplished or required in the scenario.
SINGLE-PILOT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (SRM) GRADES

Explain – At the completion of the ground training session, the pilot in training can verbally identify
the risks inherent in the flight scenario.
Ver. 1.00 viii

Practice – The pilot in training can identify, describe, and understand the risks inherent in the
scenario. The pilot in training may need to be prompted to identify risks and make decisions.
Manage/Decide - The pilot in training can correctly gather the most important data available both
within and outside the cockpit, identify possible courses of action, evaluate the risk inherent in
each course of action, and make the appropriate decision. Instructor intervention is not required
for the safe completion of the flight.
Not Observed – Used if an event is not accomplished or required in the scenario.
EVERYDAY USE OF FITS CONCEPTS
The PAVE Checklist

Use the PAVE Checklist as an easy way to implement the FITS concepts. The PAVE checklist is
• A simple way to remember and examine the risk factors before you fly, and
• Can also help you manage the specific risks associated with taking off and landing
The PAVE checklist puts risk factors into four categories:
Pilot
Aircraft
enVironment
External pressures
The pilot. Are you fatigued? When was the last time you were flying in the weather conditions that you
will encounter? What are your personal minimums?
The aircraft. Are you familiar with the aircraft? Its avionics? Is it airworthy? What is the density
altitude? How does that affect your climb rate? What is your maximum crosswind component?
The environment. Are the temperature and dew point close? Are you familiar with the area and its
topography? Are there any NOTAMs?
External pressures. Are others influencing the flight? Do you have people waiting for you at the
airport?
KNOWLEDGE CONTENT
WEB-BASED KNOWLEDGE INSTRUCTION
The web-based knowledge instruction should be completed before beginning the flight scenarios in
each corresponding phase; you can work ahead as far in the course as you like at your discretion.
• However, the course is designed so that the web-based knowledge instruction corresponds to
the flight scenarios within a phase
• If the phase web-based knowledge instruction is incomplete, your instructor can evaluate
whether you are prepared to benefit from flying a particular scenario by checking your Phase
Progress Report and one-on-one discussion and questions using the Ground Training Checklist
If you have an extended time lapse between studying the web-based knowledge instruction and flying
the companion scenario, you will find it very helpful to take some time to review your last knowledge
sessions just before you fly the associated scenario.
You complete the web-based knowledge instruction satisfactorily by answering all the questions
correctly. Your instructor will
• Review your results before you fly
• Answer any questions you may have
ix Ver. 1.00
REQUIRED AERONAUTICAL KNOWLEDGE AREAS
The Federal Aviation Regulations, 14 CFR Parts 61 and 141, list aeronautical knowledge areas that
must be included in the ground training for an Instrument Rating Course. All required areas are covered
in this course, but they are distributed throughout the curriculum for subject continuity and logical
development. You will find these required topics included in lessons listed as follows:
(1) Applicable Federal Aviation Regulations for IFR flight operations
PHASE 3; 3.4.2 Airspace
The Airspace System
Glass G Airspace
Class E Airspace
Class D Airspace
Class C Airspace
Class B Airspace
Class A Airspace
PHASE 3; 3.4.3 Weather Minimums
VFR Weather Minimums
Special VFR
PHASE 5; 5.1.1 Instrument Flight Rules
Pilot and Airplane IFR Requirements
Maintaining Your IFR Skills
Continuing Beyond the Missed Approach Point
PHASE 7; 7.1.1 Cross-Country IFR
IFR Procedures and Reports
PHASE 7; 7.2.1 IFR Cross-Country Planning
IFR Flight Planning (Alternate rules)
(2) Appropriate information in the "Aeronautical Information Manual"
PHASE 6; 6.3.1 Clearances, Procedures, and Responsibilities
Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)
(3) Air traffic control system and procedures for instrument flight operations
PHASE 3; 3.4.1 IFR Departures
Departing Airports With Control Towers
Departing Airports Without Control Towers
PHASE 3; 3.4.2 Airspace
The Airspace System
PHASE 4; 4.1.1 Holding Patterns
The Holding Pattern
How to Fly a Holding Pattern
Holding Pattern Entries
Holding at Intersections and Wayponts
Flying Holding Patterns with the G1000
PHASE 4; 4.1.2 Arrivals
Format and Symbols on STAR Charts
Loading and Flying Arrival Procedures
PHASE 4; 4.2.1 Flying DME Arcs
DME Arcs Using VOR and DME
DME Arcs Using the G1000
PHASE 6; 6.3.1 Clearances, Procedures, and Responsibilities
Clearances
IFR Clearances That Include VFR Conditions
Radar Services in the Terminal Area
Ver. 1.00 x
PHASE 6; 6.4.1 ATC Procedures
Increasing Traffic Flow
Communications Failure
Complete Radio Failure
(4) IFR navigation and approaches by use of navigation systems
PHASE 3; 3.1.1 RNAV and GPS Navigation
GPS Requirements and Using GPS for IFR
PHASE 3; 3.1.2 Required Navigation Performance (RNP)
Understanding RNP
What WAAS Does for You
PHASE 3; 3.1.3 Using GPS for Navigation
Creating and Modifying a GPS Flight Plan
Enroute GPS
Loading Instrument Procedures
PHASE 3; 3.2.1 NDB Navigation
Understanding the ADF
Homing and Bearings to the Station
The Movable Card Indicator ADF
Intercepting and Tracking NDB Bearings
RMI Orientation and Navigation
PHASE 3; 3.3.1 VOR Navigation
VOR Checks
VOR Navigation
Receiving Localizers on VOR Radios
Intercepting and Tracking VOR Radials
Using an HSI for VOR Navigation
PHASE 5; 5.2.1 Instrument Landing System (ILS) Components
Guidance
Range
Visual Components
Runway Visual Range (RVR)
Inoperative ILS Components
PHASE 5; 5.2.2 How to Fly an ILS
Choosing Which Approach to Fly
Self-Briefing the Approach
Setting Up for the Approach
Flying the ILS
Flying the Missed Approach
PHASE 5; 5.3.1 Localizer Approaches
Flying a Localizer Front Course
Flying a Localizer Back Course
Flying SDF and LDA Approaches
Flying DME Arcs to a Localizer
PHASE 5; 5.4.1 RNAV Approaches
RNAV Approaches
PHASE 5; 5.4.2 RNAV (GPS) Approach Types
LPV and LP Approaches
LNAV/VNAV Approach
LNAV Approach
GPS Missed Approach
xi Ver. 1.00
PHASE 6; 6.2.1 VOR Approaches
VOR Approach
PHASE 6; 6.2.2 Flying the NDB Approach
NDB Approach
PHASE 6; 6.3.2 Circling, Contact, and Visual Approaches
Circling Approaches
Contact and Visual Approaches
(5) Use of IFR en route and instrument approach procedure charts
PHASE 2; 2.1.1 Low Altitude Enroute Charts
Airspace
Airports and Navaids
Airways
Intersections and Reporting POints
Altitudes
More Altitudes
Departure Procedure Charts (ODPs and SIDs)
PHASE 4; 4.3.1 Approach Charts and Approach Chart Segments
Approach Segments
Overview of Approach Charts
Approach Chart Design
PHASE 4; 4.3.2 Sections of the Approach Chart
Margin Identification
Pilot Briefing
Plan View
Profile View
Minimums Section
Airport Sketch
(6) Procurement and use of aviation weather reports and forecasts, and the elements of
forecasting weather trends on the basis of that information and personal observation of
weather conditions
PHASE 2; 2.4.1 Current Weather Reports
Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR)
Automated Weather Observations (ASOS/AWOS)
PHASE 2; 2.4.2 Weather Forecasts
Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF)
Area Forecast (FA)
Winds and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FD)
PHASE 2; 2.4.3 In-Flight Weather Advisories and Services
In-Flight Weather Advisories
Supplemental and In-Flight Weather Services
PHASE 2; 2.4.4 Current Weather Charts
Surface Analysis Chart
Weather Depiction Chart
Radar Summary Chart
PHASE 2; 2.4.5 Forecast Weather and Upper Air Charts
Low Level Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
High Level Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
Severe Weather Forecasts
More Upper Air Charts
Ver. 1.00 xii

(7) Safe and efficient operation of aircraft under instrument flight rules and conditions
PHASE 1; 1.2.2 Putting IFR Skills Together
Good Habits for IFR Flying
PHASE 2; 2.1.2 Copying an IFR Clearance and Staying Organized
How to Copy a Clearance
Cockpit Organization
Safe IFR Departures
PHASE 8; 8.1.1 Instrument Rating Practical Test
Your New Rating
(8) Recognition of critical weather situations and wind shear avoidance
PHASE 1; 1.4.1 IFR Risks and Hazards
General Aviation Instrument Flying
Risk Awareness and Recognizing Hazards
PHASE 2; 2.2.3 Moisture in the Air
Fog
Ice
PHASE 2; 2.2.4 Weather Hazards
Thunderstorms
Wind Shear
Microbursts
Practical Tips for Flying in Rough Weather
PHASE 7; 7.3.1 Tips and Tools
Avoiding Special Hazards at Airports (Wake Turbulence)
Flying in Icing Conditions
(9) Aeronautical decision making and judgment
PHASE 1; 1.4.2 Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM)
Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)
PHASE 7; 7.3.1 Risk Management
Personal Minimums
PAVE Checklist
CARE Checklist
Two Rules for Safe IFR Flying
(10) Crew resource management, to include crew communication and coordination
PHASE 1; 1.4.2 Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM)
Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM)
xiii Ver. 1.00

CESSNA PILOT CENTER (CPC) KNOWLEDGE TEST
Cessna’s online pilot training includes a separate FAA question review that
• Contains examples of FAA knowledge test questions
• Provides the answers and explanations of the correct and incorrect answer choices
• Prepares you to take the CPC and the FAA knowledge test
Before graduating from the course, you will take your Cessna Pilot Center (CPC) knowledge test. This
test
• Has questions covering the required FAA knowledge areas
• Counts as your CPC final knowledge exam for the course
• Is taken and proctored at your Cessna Pilot Center using the Randomly Generated Exam
feature section of your course selecting
o Practice Exams
o Randomly Generated Exam
o Start New, and
o If random exams have been taken previously, select OK to overwrite previous results
When you have completed all the questions in your Cessna Pilot Center knowledge test
• Select “Finish / Suspend”
• Select “Finish”, and then
• Your proctor will
o Select View Exam Results
o Print the Exam Results Summary, and
o Select View Exam Detail and note any question not answered correctly
When you have finished the test, your instructor will
• Review the results with you
• Assign appropriate areas for review if necessary
After taking the CPC knowledge test you should then take the FAA knowledge test as soon as possible,
as the information will be fresh in your memory.
CREDIT FOR PREVIOUS TRAINING (WHEN ENROLLING INTO PART 141 CURRICULUM)
According to FAR 141.77(c), when you transfer from one FAA-approved school to another approved
school, course credits you earned in your previous course of training may be credited for part of your
training by your new school.
• Your new school may determine the amount of credit you are allowed by a knowledge test and
a flight proficiency test
• Credit for aeronautical knowledge instruction may be determined by a knowledge test alone
• Maximum credit allowed is 50% of the curriculum requirements of your new school
If you transfer from other than an FAA-approved school, you may receive credit for the knowledge and
flight experience. Up to a maximum of 25% of the curriculum requirements of the course to which you
are transferring to may be credited.
CREDIT FOR PREVIOUS TRAINING (WHEN ENROLLING INTO PART 61 CURRICULUM)
If you are enrolling into a Part 61 course, all flight training logged, from an authorized instructor, applies
to the minimum required flight time under Part 61. Your new flight school
• Will evaluate your flight proficiency and knowledge in all required areas of operation and
aeronautical knowledge
• Determine the appropriate starting point in the syllabus to continue your training
GUARANTEE OF QUALITY
This multimedia online pilot training system is available exclusively through Cessna Pilot Centers. It is
structured so that you receive the highest quality pilot training at any Cessna Pilot Center located
around the world.
Ver. 1.00 xiv

Stage 1, Phase 1: Developing Instrument Skills
Stage 1
Instrument Flying
Skills
PHASE 1 PHASE 2
Developing Polishing
Instrument Skills Instrument Skills
Stage 1 consists of two Phases

• Developing Instrument Skills
• Polishing Instrument Skills
Stage Objective: During this stage you will

• Become familiar with the training airplane
• Review safe practices and checklist usage
• Review runway incursion avoidance procedures
• Safely control the airplane using proper instrument cross-check and interpretation
• Fly in simulated or actual instrument conditions using basic instrument flight maneuvers
• Learn how to file an IFR flight plan and receive an IFR clearance
• Practice flying by reference to instruments without the use of a heading indicator
• Become familiar with controlling the airplane without reference to the primary flight
instruments
• Be able to recover from unusual flight attitudes with reference to instruments only
• Fly with a check instructor to evaluate your progress and instructor pairing
Each phase contains Web-based Knowledge Instruction

• The web-based knowledge instruction for the phase should be completed prior to starting
the flight scenarios to ensure fundamental knowledge before the flight.
Each phase contains multiple Flight Scenarios that can be

• Customized for your local training environment
• Repeated, or
• Omitted if all items in the Phase Proficiency Checklist are completed to standard.
At the end of each Phase are the Ground Training Checklist and Phase Proficiency
Checklist
• All items in the checklist must be completed to the appropriate standard listed before the
Phase is considered complete.
1 Ver. 1.00
PHASE 1: Developing Instrument Skills

Phase Objective: During this phase you will learn
• Preflight preparation for IFR flight
• Instrument scan techniques
• Basic instrument flight maneuvers
• Use of the magnetic compass and timed turns in the case of a heading indicator failure
• Postflight procedures for IFR flight
Web-based KNOWLEDGE
EXPLORING INSTRUMENT FLYING
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
RADIO NAVIGATION AIDS AND THE MAGNETIC COMPASS
SINGLE-PILOT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
1.1 EXPLORING INSTRUMENT FLYING

Objectives: You will learn about human sensory systems, how to control the airplane by reference to
instruments only, and the importance of checking your instruments before flight.
1.1.1 Becoming an Instrument-Rated Pilot
How You’ll Become Instrument-Rated
1.1.2 Physiology
Sensory Systems
Spatial Disorientation
1.1.3 Instrument Flying Technique
Heading and Altitude
Leaving Straight-and-Level
Primary Instruments
Supporting Instruments
1.1.4 Getting Ready for Flight
Before You Get Into the Airplane
IFR Preflight
Checking the Instruments
1.2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS

Objective: You will understand how electronic and standby flight instruments work along with their
associated systems.
1.2.1 Flight Instruments
Gyroscopic Principles and Attitude Heading Reference Systems (AHRS)
How Your Attitude and Heading Gyros Work
How Your Electric Turn Coordinator Gyro Works
Pressure Sensing Flight Instruments and Air Data Computers (ADC)
Pitot or Static System Blockage
Altitude Types and How to Read the Altimeter
Using the G1000 PFD
Using the G1000 MFD
1.2.2 Putting IFR Skills Together
Good Habits for IFR Flying
Turning Climbs and Descents
Ver. 1.00 2
1.3 RADIO NAVIGATION AIDS AND THE MAGNETIC COMPASS

Objective: You will gain understanding of VORs, how speed affects turn radius, and how to use a
magnetic compass and clock when the heading indicator has failed.
1.3.1 Electronic Navigation Aids
VHF Omni-directional Range (VOR)
The VOR Indicator and How to Use It
Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI)
Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
Understanding RNAV and GPS
1.3.2 Turns
Understanding Forces in a Turn and Controlling Load Factor
Limiting Load Factor in Turbulence
Controlling Your Rate and Radius of Turn
1.3.3 Flying Without a Heading Indicator
Magnetic Compass Errors
Timed Turns
1.4 SINGLE-PILOT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Objective: You will discover the art and science of managing all resources available to a pilot to ensure
the successful outcome of a flight.
1.4.1 IFR Risks and Hazards
General Aviation Instrument Flying
Risk Awareness and Recognizing Hazards
1.4.2 Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM)
Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM)
Risk Management (RM)
Task Management (TM)
Situational Awareness (SA)
Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) Awareness
Automation Management (AM)
Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)
FLIGHT SCENARIOS
DEVELOPING YOUR INSTRUMENT SCAN
IMPROVING YOUR INSTRUMENT SKILLS
LOSS OF HEADING INDICATOR (G1000)
LOSS OF HEADING INDICATOR (ANALOG)
*Flight scenarios will be repeated as necessary to reach the desired proficiency*
3 Ver. 1.00
SCENARIO 1: Developing Your Instrument Scan
Objective:
Understand instrument preflight procedures and the preparation necessary for an IFR flight. Experience
flying by reference to instruments only while developing proper instrument cross-check and interpretation
skills, and aircraft control skills.
Purpose/pressures (real or simulated):
You have just purchased a new airplane and have arranged to fly it home from the manufacturer with an
experienced, but non-instrument rated, pilot friend. You have a narrow window following your factory
training to pick up the plane, or you will have to wait a month. You have to be in your office the next day.
Where to go:
A point within 30 minutes flight time that is in suitable airspace free from obstructions and dense traffic
How to get there:
Vectors
Planned deviations:
As necessary to react to inadvertent IMC
Planned malfunctions:
None
Risks (real or simulated):
Marginal VFR at departure, expected to be clear at your home field (VFR pilot possibly flying into IMC /
spatial disorientation)
Unfamiliarity with new airplane and new avionics
Overconfidence because of the second pilot
New this scenario:

Evaluating weather information
Preflight inspection
Checklist usage
Instrument cockpit check
Cockpit management
Positive exchange of flight controls
Collision avoidance (visually and in response to ATC traffic calls)
Correlating airport diagrams with taxiway and runway signs and markings
Pitch and power settings required for basic instrument maneuvers
Basic instrument flight maneuvers
Straight-and-level flight
Standard rate level turns
Constant airspeed climbs and descents
Level-offs
Postflight procedures
Ver. 1.00 4
SCENARIO 2: Improving Your Instrument Skills

*ATD MAY BE USED*
Note: Although an ATD may be used for this scenario, the maximum time that may be credited is 10
hours (BATD) or 20 hours (AATD) instrument time for a Part 61 course [61.65(i)] or 25% (BATD) or 40%
(AATD) of the total instrument training requirement (35 hours) for a Part 141 course [141 Appendix C,
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Continue learning the preparation necessary for an IFR flight and improve your instrument flying skills
including instrument cross-check and interpretation, and aircraft control.
You have planned to fly to a nearby airport for an air show. You will be running a booth there for your
business.
Where to go:
How to get there:
Vectors
Planned deviations:
As necessary to react to inadvertent IMC
None
Unreported low ceilings and visibilities en route (VFR pilot possibly flying into IMC / spatial disorientation)
New this scenario:

Preflight preparation
Weather briefing and/or acceptable weather sources
Takeoff and landing data
Weight and balance
Charts
Risk management
Airspeed changes in level flight
180-degree standard rate turns
Constant rate climbs and descents
Constant rate climbs and descents with constant airspeed
Turning climbs and descents
Improving your skills:

Checklist usage
Cockpit management
Pitch and power setting required for basic instrument maneuvers
Level-offs
5 Ver. 1.02
SCENARIO 3: Loss of Heading Indicator (G1000)

SCENARIOS 3 AND 4 ARE EQUIVALENT. IF YOU CHOOSE TO FLY SCENARIO 3, IT MUST BE
FLOWN IN A G1000-EQUIPPED AIRPLANE.
Objective:
Improve basic control while flying by reference to instruments only, and learn how to use the compass in
the event of an unreliable heading indicator.
You are an aerial photographer that has been contracted by a local land development company to take
pictures of a proposed building site. The company needs the pictures by 8 am tomorrow.
Where to go:
A point within 30 minutes flight time in suitable airspace free from obstructions and dense traffic
How to get there:
Vectors
Planned deviations:
None
Red X on HSI (simulated with PFD mask; reversionary mode not available)
Ceiling drops as you approach the site (inadvertent IMC and possible loss of control)
Loss of HSI (subsequently difficulty in following ATC instructions)
Revised primary instrument scan (possible loss of control)
New this scenario:

Loss of primary flight instrument- heading indicator
Compass turns to magnetic headings
Timed turns to magnetic headings

Weather briefing and/or acceptable weather resources
Weight and balance
Charts
Risk management
Checklist usage
Cockpit management
Level-offs
Ver. 1.00 6
SCENARIO 4: Loss of Heading Indicator (ANALOG)

FLOWN IN AN AIRPLANE WITH ANALOG FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS.
Objective:
Improve basic control while flying by reference to instruments only, and learn how to use the compass in
the event of an unreliable heading indicator.
You are an aerial photographer who has been contracted by a local land development company to take
pictures of a proposed building site. The company needs the pictures by 8 am tomorrow.
Where to go:
A point within 30 minutes flight time in suitable airspace free from obstructions and dense traffic
How to get there:
Vectors
Planned deviations:
None
Heading indicator becomes unreliable (simulated with cover over heading indicator)
Ceiling drops as you are approaching the area of the development site (inadvertent IMC)
Unreliable heading indicator (subsequent difficulty in following ATC instructions)
New this scenario:

Loss of primary flight instrument / heading indicator

Weight and balance
Charts
Risk management
Checklist usage
Cockpit management
Level-offs
7 Ver. 1.00
Phase 1 Ground Training Checklist
*All items to be graded independently by the instructor and customer, then
Instruction
discussed and a final grade assessed.
Describe
Explain
Given
Desired outcome for all tasks by the end of the phase is “Explain”
Safety practices and procedures

Study material and habits
Preflight preparation for an IFR flight
Aircraft systems related to IFR operations
Aircraft flight instruments and navigation equipment
Single-pilot resource management (SRM)
Instrument Rating Airman Certification Standards (ACS)
Attitude instrument flying-
Primary and supporting method vs. control and performance concept
Phase 1 Proficiency Checklist

Manage /
Practice
Perform
Decide
Desired outcome for all tasks by the end of the phase is “Perform” or
“Manage/Decide”
Single-pilot resource management

Risk management
Is able to identify any problem, analyze the information and make an informed decision with assistance
Preflight procedures
Can accurately evaluate weather data from an FAA-approved source
Weather briefing and/or acceptable weather sources
Knows FAA-approved weather resources and proper format to request an IFR weather briefing
Accurately calculates the required takeoff and landing distances
Weight and balance
Determines that the flight will be conducted within weight and balance limitations
Charts
Has current aeronautical charts and publications
Can perform a safe preflight inspection without instructor assistance
Cockpit management
Organizes the cockpit, has easy access to the checklist and utilizes items such as a kneeboard, paper
and pen/pencil to record information
Checklist usage
Uses checklist for preflight and all phases of flight
Uses the 3-part verification system to confirm who has control of the airplane
Uses the airport diagram, if available, for situational awareness
Performs an instrument cockpit check to ensure all required items are in working order prior to flight
Ver. 1.03 8
Phase 1 Proficiency Checklist continued

In-flight
Uses resources to ensure collision avoidance and responds to ATC traffic calls
Pitch and power settings required for basic instrument maneuvers
Knows and uses appropriate pitch and power settings
Uses proper techniques and power settings to achieve level flight: altitude ±250 feet, heading ±20°
Adjusts pitch and power as necessary to adjust speed and trims as appropriate to maintain level flight
Standard-rate level turns
Uses instrumentation to assist in achieving standard rate turns during simulated or actual IFR
180 degree standard-rate turns
Uses a standard rate turn to achieve a course reversal
Utilizes a constant power setting and uses pitch to control airspeed
Constant rate climbs and descents
Utilizes a constant power setting and uses pitch to control vertical speed
Uses power setting and pitch to control desired vertical speed and airspeed
Uses proper rudder/control wheel inputs to maintain coordinated flight and uses standard rate
Level-offs
Sets pitch, applies power as appropriate, and then trims as appropriate
Loss of primary flight instrument—heading indicator
Assesses instrument loss and incorporates magnetic compass into scan for heading control
Displays understanding of compass dip errors, maintains ±10° bank, ±150 feet altitude, and rolls out
±20° to assigned heading
Maintains ±10° bank, ±150 feet altitude and rolls out ±20° to assigned heading
After landing, parking and securing
Completes appropriate checklists
Phase 1 completion standards:

You have completed Phase 1 when you
Know and can complete all preflight preparation required for an instrument flight
Can determine the airplane is safe for IFR flight
Can safely control the airplane by reference to instruments only
Can perform basic instrument flight maneuvers
Have reviewed the Phase Progress Report with your instructor
9 Ver. 1.00
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
Ver. 1.00 10
Stage 1, Phase 2: Polishing Instrument Skills
PHASE 2: Polishing Instrument Skills

Phase Objective: During this phase you will develop the skills necessary to
• File an IFR flight plan
• Receive, copy and fly an IFR clearance
• More precisely control the airplane by reference to instruments only
• Control the airplane with failure of primary flight instruments
• Recover from an unusual flight attitude
Web-based KNOWLEDGE
IFR ENROUTE CHARTS, CLEARANCES, AND STAYING ORGANIZED
UNDERSTANDING THE WEATHER
INSTRUMENT FAILURES AND UNUSUAL ATTITUDES
READING THE WEATHER
2.1 IFR ENROUTE CHARTS, CLEARANCES, AND STAYING ORGANIZED

Objective: You will explore IFR low altitude enroute charts, techniques for writing down an ATC
clearance, and how to stay organized.
2.1.1 Low Altitude Enroute Charts
Airspace
Airports and Navaids
Airways
Intersections and Reporting Points
Altitudes
More Altitudes
2.1.2 Copying an IFR Clearance and Staying Organized
How to Copy a Clearance
Cockpit Organization
2.2 UNDERSTANDING THE WEATHER

Objective: You will know the causes of various weather conditions, frontal systems, and hazardous
weather phenomena.
2.2.1 Weather Theory
What Makes Weather
The Atmosphere
Wind Circulation
Water Vapor and Cloud Types
2.2.2 Weather Patterns
Stable and Unstable Air
Air Masses and Fronts
2.2.3 Moisture in the Air
Fog
Ice
2.2.4 Weather Hazards
Thunderstorms
Wind Shear
Microbursts
Practical Tips for Flying in Rough Weather
11 Ver. 1.00
2.3 INSTRUMENT FAILURES AND UNUSUAL ATTITUDES

Objective: You will identify when an instrument or system has failed and be able to recognize and
recover from an unusual attitude.
2.3.1 Instrument Failure
G1000 Failures Including AHRS and ADC
Figuring Out Which Instruments Have Failed
Partial Panel
Recovering From Unusual Attitudes
2.4 READING THE WEATHER

Objective: You will gain skill in reading weather reports, forecasts, and interpreting weather charts.
2.4.1 Current Weather Reports
Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR)
Automated Weather Observations (ASOS/AWOS)
2.4.2 Weather Forecasts
Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF)
Area Forecast (FA)
Winds and Temperatures Aloft Forecast (FD)
2.4.3 In-Flight Weather Advisories and Services
In-Flight Weather Advisories
Supplemental and In-Flight Weather Services
2.4.4 Current Weather Charts
Surface Analysis Chart
Weather Depiction Chart
Weather Radar Information
2.4.5 Forecast Weather and Upper Air Charts
Low Level Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
High Level Significant Weather Prognostic Charts
Severe Weather Forecasts
More Upper Air Charts
FLIGHT SCENARIOS
IFR FLIGHT PREPARATION AND CLEARANCE
UNUSUAL ATTITUDES AND FAILED INSTRUMENTS (G1000)
UNUSUAL ATTITUDES AND FAILED INSTRUMENTS (ANALOG)
UNUSUAL ATTITUDES AND FAILED INSTRUMENTS (G1000 ATD)
INCREASING PROFICIENCY (G1000)
INCREASING PROFICIENCY (ANALOG)
*PROGRESS CHECK* (G1000)
*PROGRESS CHECK* (ANALOG)

**Please note that “Postflight procedures”, such as “After landing, parking and securing”,
will be omitted from each Phase Proficiency Checklist hereon and are expected to be
performed as a part of normal flight procedures**
Ver. 1.01 12
SCENARIO 1: IFR Flight Preparation and Clearance

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Develop skills in preparing for an IFR flight including: weather briefings, filing the flight plan, and copying,
understanding, and flying an IFR clearance.
You are on a scheduled out and return training flight to an airport less than 50 nautical miles away and
will drop off an airplane part for a stranded pilot. You need to hurry to get the part there before the
mechanic goes home.
Where to go:
A nearby airport with an instrument approach
How to get there:
Follow your instrument clearance, vectors
Planned deviations:
None
None
Lack of familiarity with copying clearances (likelihood of misunderstanding clearance)
New this scenario:

Filing an IFR flight plan
Alternate planning
How to receive your clearance
Copying your clearance
Compliance with ATC clearance(s)

Checklist usage
Cockpit management
Collision avoidance
13 Ver. 1.02
SCENARIO 2: Unusual Attitudes and Failed Instruments (G1000)

*G1000 ATD MAY BE USED*
SCENARIOS 2, 3 AND 4 ARE EQUIVALENT. IF YOU CHOOSE TO FLY SCENARIO 2, IT MUST BE
FLOWN IN A G1000-EQUIPPED AIRPLANE OR ATD.
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Recover the airplane from unusual flight attitudes, recognize primary flight instrument failures and control
the aircraft using standby instruments.
You and a friend are flying to an airport 80 miles away for an aerobatic competition he has entered. To
participate, your friend must attend the mandatory 7 am pilot briefing.
Where to go:
How to get there:
Vectors and/or simulated clearance
Planned deviations:
To a suitable airport to deal with failures
PFD failure (simulated by dimming the PFD) (not simultaneously with next malfunction)
AHRS and ADC failure (simulated with PFD mask; reversionary mode not available)
Departure airport weather is broken at 2,200 feet and tops are unknown as there are no PIREPS
Mountain ridge between your departure and destination airports, with strong winds aloft (turbulence and
possible loss of control)
Loss of primary flight display (PFD) (possible loss of control)
Loss of all primary flight instruments (possible loss of control)
New this scenario:

Loss of primary flight instruments
Recovery from unusual flight attitudes

Runway incursion avoidance procedures
Collision avoidance
Ver. 1.02 14
SCENARIO 3: Unusual Attitudes and Failed Instruments (ANALOG)

*ANALOG ATD MAY BE USED*
SCENARIOS 2, 3, AND 4 ARE EQUIVALENT. IF YOU CHOOSE TO FLY SCENARIO 3, IT MUST BE
FLOWN IN AN AIRPLANE OR ATD WITH ANALOG FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS.
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Recover the airplane from unusual flight attitudes, recognize primary flight instrument failures and control
the aircraft using the remaining instruments.
participate, your friend must attend the mandatory 7:00 am pilot briefing.
Where to go:
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
Vacuum system failure (simulated with covers over attitude indicator and heading indicator) (not
simultaneously with next malfunction)
Clogged pitot tube (simulated with cover over airspeed indicator) (not simultaneously with previous
malfunction)
Loss of attitude indicator and heading indicator (possible loss of control)
Loss of airspeed indicator (possible loss of control)
New this scenario:


Collision avoidance
15 Ver. 1.02
SCENARIO 4: Unusual Attitudes and Failed Instruments (G1000 ATD)

*G1000 ATD ONLY*
SCENARIOS 2, 3, AND 4 ARE EQUIVALENT. IF YOU CHOOSE TO FLY SCENARIO 4, IT MUST BE
FLOWN IN A SUITABLE G1000 ATD.
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Recover from unusual flight attitudes, recognize primary flight instrument failures and control the aircraft
using standby instruments.
participate, your friend must attend the mandatory 7:00 am pilot briefing.
Where to go:
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
PFD failure (simulated by dimming the PFD) (not simultaneously with next malfunction)
AHRS failure (ATD simulation—reversionary mode does not fix) (not simultaneously with previous
malfunction)
ADC failure (ATD simulation—reversionary mode does not fix) (not simultaneously with previous
malfunctions)
AHRS and ADC failure (ATD simulation—reversionary mode does not fix)
Loss of primary flight display (PFD) (possible loss of control)
Loss of primary attitude indicator (possible loss of control)
Loss of all primary flight instruments (possible loss of control)
New this scenario


Collision avoidance
Ver. 1.02 16
SCENARIO 5: Increasing Proficiency (G1000)

*G1000 ATD MAY BE USED*
FLOWN IN G1000-EQUIPPED AIRPLANE OR ATD.
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Increase your proficiency and accuracy with instrument cross-check and interpretation, and aircraft
control.
You are taking a flight to accomplish important surveillance work. You are under contract to complete the
survey within 24 hours.
Where to go:
How to get there:
Vectors and/or clearance
Planned deviations:
None
Area forecast calls for low ceilings and visibilities (inadvertent IMC)
Primary instrument failures (loss of control)

17 Ver. 1.02
SCENARIO 6: Increasing Proficiency (ANALOG)

*ANALOG ATD MAY BE USED*
FLOWN IN AN AIRPLANE OR ATD WITH ANALOG FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS.
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Increase your proficiency and accuracy with instrument cross-check and interpretation, and aircraft
control.
You are taking a flight to accomplish important surveillance work. You are under contract to complete the
survey within 24 hours.
Where to go:
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
None
Vacuum system failure (simulated with covers over attitude indicator and heading indicator)
Area forecast calls for low ceilings and visibilities (inadvertent IMC)
Primary instrument failures (loss of control)

Loss of primary flight instrument indicators
Ver. 1.02 18
Instruction
Describe
Explain
Given
Shorthand to write down the clearance
System and instrument failures affecting IFR flights
Manage/
Practice
Perform
Decide
“Manage/Decide”

Risk management
Is able to identify any problem, analyze the information and make an informed decision with assistance
Performs necessary items such as weather, takeoff and landing data, weight and balance, appropriate
charts, and applies risk management in decision making
Performs a preflight inspection finding the airplane airworthy for instrument flight
Filing an IFR flight plan
Knows and uses the appropriate format to file an IFR flight plan
Alternate planning
Recognizes when alternate planning is required or necessary
How to receive your clearance
Knows how to contact ATC to receive an IFR clearance
Copying your clearance
Uses shorthand to copy an IFR clearance
Uses airport diagrams and writes down taxi clearances
Checklist usage
Cockpit management
Effectively maintains an organized cockpit environment and has necessary items within reach
In-flight
Collision avoidance
Uses resources to ensure collision avoidance and responds to ATC traffic calls
Maintains altitude ±150 feet, airspeed ±10 knots, heading ±15 degrees, bank ±5 degrees
Rolls out ±15 degrees of the desired heading and uses standard-rate turns
Knows the errors associated with the magnetic compass and can achieve desired headings
Compliance with ATC clearances
Complies with clearances as necessary maintaining altitude ±150 feet and heading ±15 degrees
19 Ver. 1.00

Recognizes the loss of a primary flight instrument indicator and safely controls the airplane without use of
primary instruments, reports failure to ATC as necessary
Recovers using proper pitch, power, and bank inputs and restores positive aircraft control

Can accurately and safely prepare for an IFR flight
Have improved your ability to more precisely fly basic instrument maneuvers
Can use the magnetic compass and time to make turns to a desired heading
Can copy, understand, and fly a clearance
Pass the Progress Check
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
Ver. 1.00 20
SCENARIO 7: *Progress Check* (G1000)

The Progress Check is to be completed after completing the Phase 2 Proficiency Checklist. An
appropriate instructor will check the progress of your learning and the effective pairing of you and your
primary instructor.
FLOWN IN A G1000-EQUIPPED AIRPLANE.
Objective:
To check that your progress in the course is sufficient to move to the next phase of training
You have an opportunity to do aerial survey work and you are being evaluated on your ability to use the
instruments to precisely fly the airplane.
Where to go:
A point within 30 minutes that is suitable airspace free from obstructions and dense traffic
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
None
Stress that arises with having your performance evaluated
Checking your knowledge and skills:

Weight and balance
Charts
Risk management
Checklist usage
Cockpit management
Collision avoidance
Runway incursion avoidance
21 Ver. 1.00
SCENARIO 8: *Progress Check* (ANALOG)

The Progress Check is to be completed after completing the Phase 2 Proficiency Checklist. An
appropriate instructor will check the progress of your learning and the effective pairing of you and your
primary instructor.
FLOWN IN AN AIRPLANE WITH ANALOG FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS.
Objective:
To check that your progress in the course is sufficient to move to the next phase of training
You have an opportunity to do aerial survey work and you are being evaluated on your ability to use the
instruments to precisely fly the airplane.
Where to go:
A point within 30 minutes that is suitable airspace free from obstructions and dense traffic
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
None
Vacuum system failure (simulated with covers over attitude indicator and heading indicator)
Stress that arises with having your performance evaluated

Weight and balance
Charts
Risk management
Checklist usage
Cockpit management
Collision avoidance
Ver. 1.00 22
Phase 2 *Progress Check*
Manage/
Practice
Perform
Desired outcome for all tasks for the Progress Check is “Perform” or
Decide
“Manage/Decide”

Risk management
Can explain the four fundamental risk elements associated with the flight, uses a tool, such as the PAVE
checklist, to help assess the four risk elements
Understands the preparation necessary for an IFR flight
Knows FAA-approved weather sources and can interpret them
Uses POH/PIM to determine takeoff and landing distances required
Weight and balance
Determines weight and balance calculations correctly and understands the impact on performance
Charts
Is aware of the chart and publications cycles, uses current publications and charts
Determines the airplane is airworthy for instrument flight
Checklist usage
Uses the checklist before, during, and after the flight
Performs and understands the elements and purpose of the check
Uses airport diagrams, maintains situational awareness, and complies with ATC instructions as necessary
In-flight
Cockpit management
Maintains an organized cockpit and utilizes all resources available to ensure the safety of flight
Collision avoidance
Utilizes a safety pilot or ATC to ensure collision avoidance
Maintains altitude ±150 feet, airspeed ±10 knots, heading ±15 degrees, bank ±5 degrees
Recognizes the loss of a primary flight instrument indicator and safely controls the airplane by reference to
supporting instruments, reports failure to ATC as necessary
Can use time to accurately turn to a desired heading in the case of a heading indicator failure
Understands compass errors and accurately turns to a desired heading in the case of a heading indicator failure
Recovers using proper pitch, power, and bank inputs and restores positive aircraft control
After landing, parking and securing
Completes appropriate checklists, taxis the airplane back to parking and properly secures it
Phase 2 *Progress Check* completion standards:

You have completed the Phase 2 *Progress Check* when you
Demonstrate knowledge of risk management
Can perform the preparation necessary for an IFR flight
Perform basic instrument flight maneuvers
23 Ver. 1.00
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
Ver. 1.00 24
Stage 2, Phase 3: GPS, NDB, and VOR Navigation
Stage 2
Using Navigation
Equipment
PHASE 3 PHASE 4
GPS, NDB and Holding Patterns
VOR Navigation and DME Arcs

• GPS, NDB, and VOR, Navigation
• Holding Patterns and DME Arcs

• Become more familiar with VOR navigation and situational awareness
• Utilize GPS navigation and be familiar with its use for IFR
• Explore navigating with an NDB if your airplane has this equipment
• Utilize published airways
• Discover instrument holding procedures including entry, reports, and patterns
• Be able to recover from unusual flight attitudes with reference to instruments only
• Discover DME arcs and their primary use
• Fly with a check instructor to check your course progress


• Repeated, or
Checklist
25 Ver. 1.00
PHASE 3: GPS, NDB, and VOR Navigation

Phase Objective: During this phase you will develop the skills and confidence necessary to:
• Use RNAV and GPS for IFR navigation
• Use the NDB, if installed, for IFR navigation
• Use the VOR for IFR navigation
• Safely depart using published IFR procedures
Web-based KNOWLEDGE
UNDERSTANDING RNAV AND GPS NAVIGATION
UNDERSTANDING NDB NAVIGATION
UNDERSTANDING VOR NAVIGATION
IFR DEPARTURES AND THE AIRSPACE SYSTEM
3.1 UNDERSTANDING RNAV AND GPS NAVIGATION

Objective: You will gain insight on area navigation (RNAV) and using GPS as a navigation aid.
3.1.1 RNAV and GPS Navigation
GPS Requirements and Using GPS for IFR
3.1.2 Required Navigation Performance (RNP)
Understanding RNP
What WAAS Does for You
3.1.3 Using GPS for Navigation
Creating and Modifying a GPS Flight Plan
Enroute GPS
Loading Instrument Procedures
3.2 UNDERSTANDING NDB NAVIGATION
Objective: You will explore how to use an ADF and RMI for NDB navigation.
3.2.1 NDB Navigation
Understanding the ADF
Homing and Bearings to the Station
The Moveable Card Indicator ADF
Intercepting and Tracking NDB Bearings
RMI Orientation and Navigation
3.3 UNDERSTANDING VOR NAVIGATION

Objective: You will gain knowledge about VOR checks, accuracy, orientation, how to intercept and track
radials, and how to identify intersections.
3.3.1 VOR Navigation
VOR Checks
VOR Navigation
Receiving Localizers on the VOR Radios
Intercepting and Tracking VOR Radials
Using an HSI for VOR Navigation
3.4 IFR DEPARTURES AND THE AIRSPACE SYSTEM

Objective: You will learn how to use published departure procedures, to depart under IFR at an airport
with or without a control tower, and about the airspace system.
3.4.1 IFR Departures
Safe IFR Departures
Departure Procedure Charts (ODPs and SIDs)
Loading and Flying Departure Procedures
Departing Airports With Control Towers
Departing Airports Without Control Towers
Ver. 1.00 26
3.4.2 Airspace
The Airspace System
Class G Airspace
Class E Airspace
Class D Airspace
Class C Airspace
Class B Airspace
Class A Airspace
3.4.3 Weather Minimums
VFR Weather Minimums
Special VFR
FLIGHT SCENARIOS
GPS FOR IFR USE AND ADF/NDB NAVIGATION (IF INSTALLED)
VOR NAVIGATION
FLYING PUBLISHED DEPARTURE PROCEDURES
27 Ver. 1.00
SCENARIO 1: GPS for IFR Use and ADF/NDB Navigation (If Installed)
*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Familiarize yourself with the GPS and its use for IFR navigation. If your airplane has a functioning ADF,
you will navigate using a non-directional beacon (NDB).
You are flying with two friends to a ski destination and back.
Where to go:
A nearby airport
How to get there:
IFR flight plan using GPS waypoints, and NDB bearings if an ADF is installed and an NDB is available
Planned deviations:
To a suitable airport to deal with en route icing
RAIM unavailable
NDB loss of signal
Navigation errors due to unreliable signals
Each of you is carrying ski boots and extra clothes
Runway has light snow on it
AIRMET Zulu and Sierra are valid for the route of flight (possibility of encountering structural icing and
IMC or mountain obscurations)
Destination airport is 6,388 feet MSL
New this scenario:

Aeronautical decision making
Determining suitability of GPS for IFR flight
Familiarity with avionics
Navigation system orientation (GPS and/or NDB)
Navigation system course intercepting and tracking (GPS and/or NDB)
Navigating to a waypoint or an off-airway fix at a safe altitude

Risk management
Checklist usage
Ver. 1.02 28
SCENARIO 2: VOR Navigation

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Enhance your skill in using the VOR for situational awareness and intercepting and tracking radials
You are meeting business associates at a nearby airport to sign time-sensitive documents.
Where to go:
En route to a nearby single-runway (simulated if necessary) airport using victor airways, airspace that is
free from obstructions and dense traffic to practice intercepting and tracking courses using VOR radials
How to get there:
VOR navigation, vectors
Planned deviations:
Route and destination changes for unforecast convective activity and airport conditions
Unable to identify the VOR (simulated by deselecting or turning-down NAV audio)
VOR indicator off flag or missing deviation bar (simulated by changing NAV frequency)
Navigation errors due to unreliable signals
Strong crosswinds forecast en route (being off course because of failure to apply appropriate wind
corrections)
Unforecast convective weather en route
While en route, reported winds at the destination are 13 knots gusting to 19 knots 60° from the runway
heading. A later PIREP from a Corvalis TT landing at your destination indicates wind shear with a loss of
10 knots on final
New this scenario:

VOR accuracy check
Navigation system orientation (VOR)
Navigation system course intercepting and tracking (VOR)
Victor airway intercepting and tracking

Risk management
Checklist usage
29 Ver. 1.02
SCENARIO 3: Flying Published Departure Procedures

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Become familiar with and fly published departure procedures
You are flying to your class reunion to show friends your new airplane.
Where to go:
To a nearby airport that has a published departure procedure (if your home airport does not have one)
How to get there:
Published departure procedures, GPS or VOR navigation, vectors
Planned deviations:
As necessary to deal with malfunction
Rough running engine
Compromised ability to meet the departure climb requirements
New this scenario:

Compliance with published departure procedures
Understanding required climb gradient

Ver. 1.02 30
Instruction
Describe
Explain
Given
GPS for IFR navigation

ADF/NDB navigation for IFR
VOR for IFR navigation
How to receive an IFR clearance at a towered and non-towered airport
Published Obstacle Departure Procedures
Manage/Decid
Practice
Perform
“Manage/Decide”
e
Exhibits sound decision making during planning and execution of the planned flight
Risk management
Is able to recognize risks and uses good judgment to reduce associated risks
Performs all preparation required for an IFR flight
Checklist usage
Determining suitability of GPS for IFR flight
Can determine if the GPS is suitable for IFR flight
Familiarity with avionics
Is familiar with the airplane avionics and can effectively use them
Determines the airplane is in condition for safe instrument flight including all items listed in the ACS
In-flight
Navigating to a waypoint or an off-airway fix at a safe altitude
Maintains obstacle clearance and can safely navigate to a waypoint or off-airway fix
Navigation system orientation (GPS and/or NDB)
Uses installed navigation systems to establish/maintain situational awareness
Navigation system course intercepting and tracking (GPS and/or NDB)
Intercepts and tracks courses maintaining altitude ±150 feet, headings ±10 degrees, airspeed ±10 kts,
and course within ¾ scale CDI deflection or ±10 degrees on RMI
VOR accuracy check
Confirms usability of VOR for IFR navigation, including required checks and identification in the air
Navigation system orientation (VOR)
Uses VOR to establish/maintain situational awareness
Navigation system course intercepting and tracking (VOR)
Intercepts and tracks courses maintaining altitude ±150 feet, headings ±10 degrees, airspeed ±10 kts,
and course within ¾ scale CDI deflection or ±10 degrees on RMI
Victor airway intercepting and tracking
Understands the boundary of the Victor airway and can accurately maintain navigation on the airway
31 Ver. 1.03

Applies appropriate pitch, bank, and power corrections in the correct sequence
Compliance with published departure procedures
Conforms to procedure restrictions, courses, and altitudes
Understanding required climb gradient
Complies with the published required climb gradient
Understands, responds to, and complies with ATC clearances
Maintains altitude ±150 feet, headings ±15 degrees, airspeed ±10 kts, and bank ±5 degrees

Can determine if the navigation aid is suitable for IFR use
Maintain situational awareness when using navigation aids
Can accurately intercept and track navigation systems
Correct for wind drift as needed to maintain on course
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
Ver. 1.00 32
Stage 2, Phase 4: Holding Patterns and DME Arcs
PHASE 4: Holding Patterns and DME Arcs

Phase Objective: During this phase you will
• Be able to fly an appropriate entry into a holding pattern
• Understand the required reports associated with holding procedures
• Accurately fly a holding pattern
• Be able to fly a DME arc
• Successfully complete a Progress Check
Web-based KNOWLEDGE
HOLDING PATTERNS AND ARRIVALS
DME ARCS
APPROACH CHARTS
4.1 HOLDING PATTERNS AND ARRIVALS

Objective: You will understand holding patterns and arrivals to the terminal area.
4.1.1 Holding Patterns
The Holding Pattern
How to Fly a Holding Pattern
Holding Pattern Entries
Holding at Intersections and Waypoints
Flying Holding Patterns with the G1000
4.1.2 Arrivals
Format and Symbols on STAR Charts
Loading and Flying Arrival Procedures
4.2 DME ARCS

Objective: You will learn how to fly a DME arc.
4.2.1 Flying DME Arcs
DME Arcs Using VOR and DME
DME Arcs Using the G1000
4.3 APPROACH CHARTS

Objective: You will gain knowledge about approach segments and approach charts.
4.3.1 Approach Charts and Approach Segments
Approach Segments
Overview of Approach Charts
Approach Chart Design
4.3.2 Sections of the Approach Chart
Margin Identification
Pilot Briefing
Plan View
Profile View
Minimums Section
Airport Sketch
FLIGHT SCENARIOS
FLYING A HOLDING PATTERN
DME ARCS AND NON-PUBLISHED HOLDING PATTERNS
*PROGRESS CHECK*
33 Ver. 1.00
SCENARIO 1: Flying a Holding Pattern

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Build the skills necessary to copy holding instructions, determine and fly the recommended entry into a
proper holding pattern, and make required reports.
You are flying a business associate to a meeting.
Where to go:
To a nearby airport
How to get there:
Vectors, VOR or GPS navigation
Planned deviations:
Holding due to weather
None
Weather below minimums at destination
Navigational confusion in the hold
New this scenario:

Holding entries and procedures

Intercepting and tracking navigational systems
Compliance with departure procedures
Loss of primary flight instrument
Ver. 1.02 34
SCENARIO 2: DME Arcs and Non-published Holding Patterns

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Learn how to fly a DME arc, and hold at a fix without a published holding pattern.
You are trying to impress a date by flying to dinner at a nearby town.
Where to go:
A fix around which you can simulate flying a DME arc on the way to a nearby airport
How to get there:
Flying a clearance, victor airways, or vectors
Planned deviations:
Unplanned hold
None
Extra fuel consumption due to hold
New this scenario:

Intercepting and tracking DME arcs
Non-published holding procedures

35 Ver. 1.02
Instruction
Describe
Explain
Given
Determining and flying the appropriate entry to a holding pattern

Required ATC reports when holding
Flying a holding pattern
Intersection holding
How to fly a DME arc using GPS or VOR/DME
Approach Charts
Determining your approach category

Practice
Manage/
Perform
Decide
“Manage/Decide”

Utilizes all resources available to ensure the successful completion of the flight
Performs all necessary preparation for a safe IFR flight
Determines the airplane is safe for IFR including items listed in the ACS
In-flight
Holding entries and procedures
Uses the appropriate entry, makes all required ATC reports, and can accurately fly a holding pattern
Tunes and identifies the navigation facility, applies proper correction to maintain the specified course
Uses current navigation publications and complies with requirements
Applies appropriate pitch, bank, and power corrections to return the airplane to stabilized flight
Recognizes the loss of a primary instrument, simulates reporting to ATC as necessary, and applies
risk management in the aeronautical decision making relating to the safety of the flight
Intercepts and maintains the DME arc ±1 nautical mile
Non-published holding procedures
Flies to the intersection, uses the appropriate entry, communicates as required with ATC, maintain
situational awareness, and can maintain altitude ±150 feet
Ver. 1.03 36

Can perform all preparation required for an IFR flight
Are able determine the proper entry to a holding pattern, make all required ATC reports, and
appropriately fly the holding pattern
Intercept and fly a DME arc
Have passed the Progress Check
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
37 Ver. 1.00
SCENARIO 3: *Progress Check*
Objective:
Fly with a check instructor to ensure satisfactory course and skill level progress.
You would like to fly your airplane on business trips for your company. Your company’s risk manager
requires you to pass an evaluation by the chief or assistant chief instructor at a local flight school.
Where to go:
How to get there:
ATC clearance, navigation systems, vectors
Planned deviations:
None
Rough running engine
Flight display/instrument failure
Stress from being evaluated

Holding procedures
Ver. 1.00 38
Phase 4 *Progress Check*- Oral
Instruction
Describe
Desired outcome for all tasks for the Progress Check is “Explain”
Explain
Given
Required ATC reports when holding
Procedures for loss of communication in the hold
Phase 4 *Progress Check*- Flight
Manage/
Practice
Perform
Decide
“Manage/Decide”

Can perform all preparation necessary for a safe IFR flight
Performs and determines the airplane is suitable for IFR flight
In-flight
Tunes and identifies the navigation facility, applies proper correction to maintain the specified course
Intercepts and maintains the DME arc ±1 nautical mile
Holding procedures
Uses the appropriate entry, makes all required ATC reports, and can accurately fly a holding pattern
Uses current navigation publications and complies with requirements
Applies appropriate pitch, bank, and power corrections to return the airplane to stabilized flight
Recognizes the loss of a primary instrument, simulates reporting to ATC as necessary, and applies
risk management in the aeronautical decision making relating to the safety of the flight

Perform and understand all preparation necessary for IFR flight
Perform to the specified standards
Demonstrate to the check instructor that the safety of flight is never in doubt
39 Ver. 1.00
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
Ver. 1.00 40
Stage 3 Phase 5: Precision and Nonprecision Instrument Approaches
Stage 3
Flying Instrument
Approaches
PHASE 5 PHASE 6
Precision and Nonprecision Automation, ATC and other
Instrument Approaches Approaches

• Precision and Nonprecision Instrument Approaches
• Automation, ATC and Other Approaches

• Understand the elements of precision and nonprecision approaches
• Utilize appropriate, current approach procedure charts
• Learn how to brief, fly, and communicate with ATC during an instrument approach
• Know how to determine a missed approach point
• Be able to make a decision whether to continue for a landing or initiate missed approach
procedures when arriving at the missed approach point
• Discover how to perform a circling maneuver from an approach that does not place you in
position for a straight-in to the landing runway
• Know items that you are required to report to ATC
• Fly precision and nonprecision approaches utilizing single-pilot resource management
• Fly with a check instructor to check your course progress


• Repeated, or
Checklist
41 Ver. 1.00
Stage 3, Phase 5: Precision and Nonprecision Instrument Approaches
PHASE 5: Precision and Nonprecision Instrument Approaches

• Fly precision and nonprecision approaches
• Land from a straight-in approach
• Learn the required visual references for making the appropriate decision to land or follow the
missed approach procedure
Web-based KNOWLEDGE
IFR RULES AND APPROACH TYPES
ILS APPROACHES
LOCALIZER APPROACHES
RNAV APPROACHES
5.1 IFR RULES AND APPROACH TYPES

Objective: You will learn more about instrument flight rules and the types of approaches.
5.1.1 Instrument Flight Rules
Pilot and Airplane IFR Requirements
Maintaining Your IFR Skills
Continuing Beyond the Missed Approach Point
5.1.2 Instrument Approach Types
Precision Approaches and APVs
Nonprecision Approaches
5.1.3 Course Reversals
Getting Turned Around to Make an Approach
5.1.4 Localizer Courses
How to Fly Localizer Courses
5.2 ILS APPROACHES

Objective: You will gain knowledge about the Instrument Landing System (ILS).
5.2.1 Instrument Landing System (ILS) Components
Guidance
Range
Visual Components
Runway Visual Range (RVR)
Inoperative ILS Components
5.2.2 How to Fly an ILS
Choosing Which Approach to Fly
Self-Briefing the Approach
Setting Up for the Approach
Flying the ILS
Flying the Missed Approach
5.3 LOCALIZER APPROACHES

Objective: You will discover how to use the localizer front and back courses.
5.3.1 Localizer Approaches
Flying a Localizer Front Course
Flying a Localizer Back Course
Flying SDF and LDA Approaches
Flying DME Arcs to a Localizer
Ver. 1.00 42
5.4 RNAV APPROACHES

Objective: You will gain insight on the different types of RNAV approaches.
5.4.1 RNAV Approaches
RNAV Approaches
5.4.2 RNAV (GPS) Approach Types
LPV and LP Approaches
LNAV/VNAV Approach
LNAV Approach
GPS and Missed Approaches
FLIGHT SCENARIOS
ILS APPROACHES
RNAV (GPS) APPROACHES WITH VERTICAL GUIDANCE (WAAS)
RNAV (GPS) APPROACHES WITHOUT VERTICAL GUIDANCE
LOCALIZER (LOC) APPROACHES
43 Ver. 1.00
SCENARIO 1: ILS Approaches

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Learn how to fly a precision approach, using vertical and lateral guidance to descend to the decision
altitude / decision height and decide whether to make a missed approach or continue below the approach
minimums visually
You are making a flight with two friends to a nearby airport for an FAA Safety Seminar
Where to go:
An airport within 30 minutes flight time that has a suitable ILS approach
How to get there:
Vectors or assigned route using navigation systems
Planned deviations:
As necessary if the airport environment is not in sight at the decision height
None
AIRMET Sierra valid, visibility is expected to be 2 miles in haze with ceilings at 700 feet upon the time of
your planned arrival (possibility of encountering IMC or mountain obscurations)
Distraction in the cockpit
New this scenario:

Communication with ATC
Approach briefing
Vectors to final approach course
Precision approach
Intercept and track localizer course
Intercept and track the glide slope
Execute missed approach procedure
Transition to landing from an approach

Checklist usage
Ver. 1.02 44
SCENARIO 2: RNAV (GPS) Approaches With Vertical Guidance (WAAS)

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Learn how to fly an RNAV (GPS) approach with vertical guidance to the decision altitude and decide
whether to make a missed approach or continue below the approach minimums visually.
You are making an instrument proficiency flight into a nearby major airline airport that will also allow you
to pick up your college roommate and spouse. A presidential temporary flight restriction (TFR) has just
been moved up to start 45 minutes after your friends’ scheduled arrival.
Where to go:
An airport within 30 minutes flight time that has a suitable RNAV (GPS) WAAS approach listing LPV
and/or LNAV/VNAV minima.
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
To suitable airport to deal with failures
As necessary if the airport environment is not in sight at the decision altitude
Alternator failure
Hurried actions because of the TFR
Wake turbulence
According to the forecast, you expect ceilings 200 feet above the applicable RNAV approach decision
altitude with the visibility 3/4 mile greater than the published minimum upon arrival.
New this scenario:

Load and verify RNAV approach into navigation system
RNAV approach with vertical guidance
Intercept and track RNAV approach course
Intercept and track electronic vertical guidance

Compliance with ATC clearance
Approach briefing
Checklist usage
45 Ver. 1.02
SCENARIO 3: RNAV (GPS) Approaches Without Vertical Guidance

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Learn how to fly an RNAV (GPS) nonprecision approach to the minimum descent altitude (MDA) and
missed approach point, and decide whether to make a missed approach or continue below the approach
minimums visually.
You have just discovered a reliability issue with your highest revenue product and are flying to a nearby
airport to meet with your vendor and engineers from their out-of-area supplier of the suspect component.
The engineers depart on an international flight this evening.
Where to go:
An airport within 30 minutes flight time that has a suitable RNAV (GPS) straight-in approach.
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
As necessary for RAIM not available
As necessary if the airport environment is not in sight at the MDA
RAIM unavailable
Distraction because of focus on product issue
Forecast conditions have been slowly deteriorating, but you expect ceilings 300 feet above the applicable
RNAV approach MDA with the visibility 1 mile greater than the published minimum upon arrival.
New this scenario:

Terminal Arrival Area (TAA) procedure or course reversal
RNAV Approach without vertical guidance
Descend to the minimum descent altitude (MDA)
Identify the missed approach point

Approach briefing
Checklist usage
Ver. 1.02 46
SCENARIO 4: Localizer (LOC) Approaches

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Learn how to fly a localizer nonprecision approach to the minimum descent altitude and missed approach
point and decide whether to make a missed approach or continue below the approach minimums visually.
You are fulfilling a promise to take a good friend to dinner at a well-known restaurant within walking
distance from the airport in a neighboring city.
Where to go:
An airport within 30 minutes flight time with a suitable LOC, LDA, or SDF straight-in-approach
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
As necessary to deal with radio failure
As necessary if the airport environment is not in sight at the MDA
Number 1 com radio failure (Number 2 works fine)
A coastal marine cloud layer has covered the destination area with ceilings 150 feet above the MDA and
is forecast to remain the same and is forecasted to remain the same throughout the evening. Visibility is
greater than 6 miles.
New this scenario:

Localizer approach
Identify missed approach point using time from final approach fix
Descend from MDA at visual descent point (VDP)

Approach briefing
Checklist usage
47 Ver. 1.02

Instruction
Describe
Explain
Given
Precision approach procedures

Nonprecision approach procedures
Approach briefing
Flying the approaches
When a missed approach is required
Manage/
Practice
Perform
Decide
Desired outcome for all tasks by the end of the phase is “Perform”

Checklist usage
Uses checklist during all phases of flight as required
Maintains situational awareness and is never more than 3/4 scale deflection off course
Is able to respond to and understand ATC calls
Understands, confirms, and flies clearances. Queries ATC if clearance may compromise safety
Approach briefing
Thoroughly briefs the approach as early as possible
Vectors to final approach course
Can accurately fly ATC issued vectors to the final approach course
Intercept and track localizer course
Anticipates and accurately intercepts the localizer course, does not exceed 3/4 scale deflection
Intercept and track glideslope
Anticipates and accurately intercepts the glideslope, does not exceed 3/4 scale deflection
Precision approach
No more than 3/4 scale deflection, continues to the missed approach point
Can accurately load and verify the RNAV approach
RNAV approach with vertical guidance
Intercept and track RNAV approach course
Anticipates and accurately intercepts the approach course, does not exceed 3/4 scale deflection
Intercept and track electronic vertical guidance
Anticipates and accurately intercepts the glidepath, does not exceed 3/4 scale deflection
Terminal arrival area (TAA) procedure or course reversal
Accurately flies the TAA procedure or course reversal as published or cleared by ATC
RNAV approach without vertical guidance
Descent to the minimum descent altitude (MDA)
Descends to the MDA and maintains +100 feet / -0 feet until the missed approach point
Is able to accurately identify and appropriately respond to arrival at the missed approach point
Ver. 1.00 48

Localizer approach
Identify missed approach point using time from final approach fix (FAF)
Appropriately uses time to navigate from the final approach fix to the missed approach point
Descend from MDA at visual descent point (VDP)
Makes decision to descend below MDA at the VDP if visual cues are acquired
Initiates the missed approach promptly when the required visual references are not acquired by the
MAP and conforms to the published or assigned alternate procedure
Makes a safe transition from the approach to landing touchdown

Consistently and safely control the airplane in all phases of an instrument approach
Recognize when a missed approach is required and safely initiate missed approach procedures
49 Ver. 1.00
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
Ver. 1.00 50
Stage 3, Phase 6: Automation, ATC and Other Approaches
PHASE 6: Automation, ATC, and Other Approaches

• Polish precision and nonprecision instrument approach procedures
• Discover use of the autopilot for instrument approaches
• Learn about using a circling maneuver to align with the landing runway
• Land from both straight-in and circling approaches
• Complete a progress check to ensure you can safely fly instrument approaches
Web-based KNOWLEDGE
INCORPORATING AUTOMATION
VOR AND NDB APPROACHES
ATC CLEARANCES, SERVICES, AND MORE APPROACHES
ATC PROCEDURES
6.1 INCORPORATING AUTOMATION

Objective: You will learn how automatic flight control systems work and how to use the one in your
airplane to manage risk.
6.1.1 Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS)
How an Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) Works
Using an Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS)
6.2 VOR AND NDB APPROACHES

Objective: You will learn about VOR and NDB approach procedures.
6.2.1 VOR Approaches
VOR Approach
6.2.2 Flying the NDB Approach
NDB Approach
6.3 ATC CLEARANCES, SERVICES, AND MORE APPROACHES

Objective: You will know your responsibilities when operating under an IFR clearance and techniques for
flying circle-to-land, contact and visual approaches.
6.3.1 Clearances, Procedures, and Responsibilities
Clearances
IFR Clearances That Include VFR Conditions
Radar Services in the Terminal Area
Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)
6.3.2 Circling, Contact, and Visual Approaches
Circling Approaches
Contact and Visual Approaches
6.4 ATC PROCEDURES

Objective: You will know what to do in the case of a communications failure.
6.4.1 ATC Procedures
Increasing Traffic Flow
Communications Failure
Complete Radio Failure
51 Ver. 1.00
FLIGHT SCENARIOS
VOR/NDB APPROACHES
CIRCLING APPROACHES
MORE ILS AND NONPRECISION APPROACHES
*PROGRESS CHECK*
Ver. 1.00 52
SCENARIO 1: VOR/NDB Approaches

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Learn how to fly a VOR nonprecision approach to the minimum descent altitude and missed approach
point and decide whether to make a missed approach or continue below the approach minimums. If your
airplane has a functioning ADF and there is a NDB approach available, you will also fly a nonprecision
NDB approach.
You are making an after-work flight to a nearby airport to participate in a seminar on technically advanced
aircraft.
Where to go:
An airport within 30 minutes flight time that has a suitable VOR approach and an airport with a suitable
NDB approach if the airplane is ADF equipped.
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
As appropriate to deal with communication failure
As necessary if the airport environment is not in sight at the missed approach point
Loss of all communication radios during radar vectors for the approach
Terrain rises over 3,000 feet above the destination airport elevation within 18 miles.
The only published approaches at the destination airport are nonprecision using ground-based navaids.
The forecast calls for ceilings at 400 feet above the VOR/NDB approach MDA and a visibility of 1 mile
greater than the lowest approach minimums.
New this scenario:

VOR/NDB approach
Loss of communications

Approach briefing
Checklist usage
TAA or course reversal
Transition to landing from a straight-in approach
53 Ver. 1.02
SCENARIO 2: Circling Approaches

Objective:
Fly a circling approach to the minimum descent altitude, initiate a circle-to-land maneuver as appropriate
for your category of aircraft, and land on the appropriate runway.
You are flying to a nearby airport to look at an airplane for sale.
Where to go:
An airport within 30 minutes flight time that has a suitable nonprecision approach including the authorized
circling procedures
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
As necessary if the airport environment is not in sight at the missed approach point or is lost during the
circling maneuver
RAIM failure
The destination airport has only one published instrument approach but multiple runways
The current and forecast winds make a 12 knot crosswind component with the straight-in runway
Forecast ceiling is no greater than 150 feet above the applicable circling MDA and visibility no greater
than ¾ mile more than applicable minimum (not having the airport environment in sight at the missed
approach point or losing sight of the runway while circling)
New this scenario:

Circling approach
Determine circling approach minima
Select and fly circling maneuver
Execute missed approach during circling approach
Transition to landing from a circling approach

Approach briefing
Checklist usage
Ver. 1.00 54
SCENARIO 3: More ILS and Nonprecision Approaches

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Polish your ability to fly a precision instrument approach while incorporating departure and holding
procedures.
You are flying to a business meeting that has been planned for a month.
Where to go:
A nearby area with suitable ILS and nonprecision approaches at one or more airports
How to get there:
Vectors or assigned route using navigation systems utilizing a departure procedure at one airport
Planned deviations:
En route holding because of a weather delay at the destination
As necessary if the airport environment is not in sight at the missed approach point or is lost during the
circling maneuver
Possible radio failure
Low instrument conditions forecast for destination airport (ceiling no greater than 50 feet higher above the
applicable minimum altitude and visibility no greater than ½ mile more than applicable minimums)
Reduced fuel reserve because of unexpected holding
The last pilot to fly the airplane noted intermittent static in the radios

Approach briefing
Checklist usage
Departure procedures
Holding procedures
Precision approach
Nonprecision approach
Circling approach
Landing from a straight-in or circling approach
55 Ver. 1.02

Instruction
Describe
Explain
Given
Using an automatic flight control system

Determining circling approach minima
Circling approach
Required ATC communications

Manage/
Practice
Perform
Decide
“Manage/Decide”

Utilizes all resources necessary and current publications to prepare for the IFR flight, including
research of published NOTAMS for any updates to approach minimums
Checklist usage
Uses checklists for all phases of flight
Follows instructor, ATC, or published procedures ensuring obstacle clearance
Approach briefing
Makes an adequate, concise approach briefing to include missed approach point and procedures
Terminal Arrival Area (TAA) procedure or course reversal
Accurately flies the TAA or course reversal as published or cleared by ATC
VOR/NDB approach
No more than 3/4 scale deflection, continues from the MDA or makes a missed approach
Descend to minimum descent altitude (MDA)
Descends to +100 feet / -0 feet of MDA and flies to the missed approach point
Identify the missed approach point (MAP)
Identifies the MAP and makes a decision to continue below minimums or execute a missed approach
Circling approach
Refer to Instrument Rating Airman Certification Standards (FAA-S-ACS-8) in the course Library
Determine circling minima
Correctly determines approach category and required distance to maintain from runway
Select and fly circling maneuver
Selects and complies with the appropriate circling approach procedure considering turbulence, wind
shear, and maneuvering capabilities of aircraft
Execute missed approach during circling approach
Executes a safe missed approach procedure if sight of the runway is lost
Transition to landing from a circling approach
Does not exceed visibility criteria or descend below the circling altitude until a position from which a
descent to a normal landing can be made
Ver. 1.03 56

Holding procedures
Precision approach
Transition to landing from a straight-in approach

Fully understand instrument approach procedures
Fly precision and nonprecision instrument approaches to meet the airman certification standards
Make required communications with ATC
Understand procedures for loss of communications
Maintain situational awareness during actual or simulated IMC flights
Use the checklist throughout the flight and on the ground as necessary
Make safety-conscious approach briefings
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
57 Ver. 1.03
SCENARIO 4: *Progress Check*

Objective:
Fly with a check instructor to ensure you’re able to safely fly instrument approaches to meet the airman
certification standards.
You are completing the flight portion of an interview and are flying with the chief pilot of the company you
hope to work for.
Where to go:
A nearby area with suitable ILS and nonprecision approaches at one or more airports
How to get there:
Vectors or assigned route using navigation systems utilizing a departure procedure at one airport
Planned deviations:
None
Radio failure (not simultaneous with next malfunction)
Loss of navigation system (not simultaneous with previous malfunction)
Stress from being evaluated
Testing your skills and knowledge:

Approach briefing
Checklist usage
Holding procedures
Precision approach
Circling approach
Ver. 1.03 58
Instruction
Describe
Explain
Desired outcome for all tasks for the Progress Check is “Explain”
Given
Instrument approach procedures
Holding procedures
Required ATC communications
Emergency operations
Manage/
Practice
Perform
Decide
“Manage/Decide”

Utilizes all resources necessary and current publications to prepare for the IFR flight, including
research of published NOTAMs for any updates to approach minimums
Checklist usage
Utilizes checklist during all ground and flight operations
Performs and ensures airplane is fit for IFR flight
Holding procedures
Uses correct entry and communication procedures and flies a stable holding pattern
Approach briefing
Briefs approaches before FAF
Terminal arrival area (TAA) procedure or course reversal
Accurately flies the TAA or course reversal as published or cleared by ATC
Precision approach
Circling approach
Execute missed approach procedures
Approach to landing and touchdown are safe and utilize normal procedures conforming to ACS
59 Ver. 1.03

Perform and understand all preparation necessary for IFR flight
Can safely perform instrument approach procedures to meet the airman certification standards
Apply single-pilot resource management
Demonstrate to the check instructor that the safety of flight is never in doubt
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
Ver. 1.03 60
Stage 4, Phase 7: IFR Cross Country
Stage 4
CROSS COUNTRY and PRACTICAL TEST
PREPARATION
PHASE 7 PHASE 8
IFR Cross Country Practical Test
Preparation

• IFR Cross Country
• Practical Test Preparation

• File an IFR flight plan and receive an IFR clearance
• Fly cross country on an instrument flight plan
• Complete FAA IFR cross-country requirements
• Polish all instrument flying skills
• Review for the oral and flight portion of the practical test
• Fly with a check instructor to check your readiness for the FAA practical test


• Repeated, or
Checklist
61 Ver. 1.00
PHASE 7: IFR Cross Country

• Safely plan and conduct IFR cross-country flights
• Meet the FAA requirements for cross-country training
Web-based KNOWLEDGE INSTRUCTION

PROCEDURES FOR FLYING CROSS-COUNTRY IFR
PLANNING YOUR CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT
SAFETY TIPS AND TOOLS
7.1 PROCEDURES FOR FLYING CROSS COUNTRY IFR

Objective: You will know how to fly cross-country under instrument flight rules.
7.1.1 Cross-Country IFR
Radar Procedures and Services Enroute
IFR Procedures and Reports
7.2 PLANNING YOUR CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT

Objective: You will discover the wealth of resources available to help you plan a safe IFR cross-country
flight.
7.2.1 IFR Cross-Country Planning
Chart Supplement
Gathering Weather Information
Preflight Planning
IFR Flight Plan
7.3 SAFETY TIPS AND TOOLS

Objective: You will gain insight on how to enhance safety during ground, departure, and arrival phases of
your IFR flight.
7.3.1 Tips and Tools
Visual Illusions
Aeromedical Factors and Oxygen Rules
Avoiding Other Aircraft
Arriving IFR at a Non-Towered Airport
Flying Across Pressure and Temperature Changes
Avoiding Special Hazards at Airports
Visual Glideslope Indicators
Airport Signs and Markings
Flying in Icing Conditions
Operating the Autopilot During IFR Flight
7.3.2 Risk Management
Personal Minimums
PAVE Checklist
CARE Checklist
Two Rules for Safe IFR Flying
FLIGHT SCENARIOS
FLYING AN IFR CROSS COUNTRY
APPROACH WITH LOSS OF PRIMARY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS
LONG IFR CROSS COUNTRY

Ver. 1.03 62
SCENARIO 1: FLYING AN IFR CROSS COUNTRY
Objective:
Plan and fly an instrument cross-country flight to your destination airport.
You are flying for a second look at an airplane you are interested in buying. You are bringing along your
friend who is an experienced IFR pilot and certificated airframe and powerplant mechanic.
Where to go:
An airport at least 50 nm straight-line distance
How to get there:
Route as assigned (or modified) in ATC clearance, using installed navigation equipment and vectors (if
assigned)
Planned deviations:
Diversion to another destination because of weather
Communications failure, navigation equipment failure (on return leg)
Approaching front at your destination airport with rain showers, low ceilings, low visibilities, and winds
gusting to 20 knots.
Runway favored by the wind does not have a straight-in approach
Confusion in the cockpit as to who is the pilot-in-command
New this scenario:

Automation management
Cross-country planning procedures
Compliance with departure, en route, and arrival procedures
Required ATC reports
Autopilot use

Precision approach
63 Ver. 1.00
SCENARIO 2: Approach with Loss of Primary Flight Instruments (ATD)

*ATD MAY BE USED*
4.(b)(3)].
Objective:
Fly an instrument approach with failed primary flight instruments.
You are flying, with your significant other, to a nearby town to a business meeting with a prospective
client and/or investor. After departure your significant other wants to immediately return because of
motion sickness.
Where to go:
A nearby area where one or more airports have suitable precision and nonprecision instrument
approaches
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
Need to return to departure airport because of a sick passenger
Controlled flight into terrain
Loss of situational awareness
Pilot disorientation
Distractions in the cockpit
New this scenario:

Precision approach with the loss of primary flight instruments
Nonprecision approach with the loss of primary flight instruments

Task management
Situational awareness
Precision approach
Ver. 1.02 64
SCENARIO 3: Long IFR Cross Country
Objective:
Fly a 250 nm distance along airways or ATC-directed routing, with one segment of the flight consisting of
at least a straight-line distance of 100 nm between airports.
You have a freelance assignment to take photos of the top FBOs at three different airports. Your deadline
is the day after the scheduled flight.
Where to go:
Three different airports with instrument approaches using three different navigation systems
How to get there:
Route as assigned (or modified) in ATC clearance, using installed navigation equipment and vectors (if
assigned)
Planned deviations:
As required en route
Alternator failure during missed approach (simulated by using reversionary mode)
Unforecast weather
Limited battery life
Possible no-flap landing (because of low battery power)
New this scenario:

Alternator failure in IMC
No-flap approach and landing

Autopilot use
Precision approach
65 Ver. 1.00

Instruction
Describe
Explain
Given

Filing an IFR flight plan and alternate planning
IFR procedures and reports

Manage/
Practice
Perform
Decide
“Manage/Decide”

Task management
Prioritizes and completes tasks, executes checklists in a manner that minimizes distraction from flying
the airplane
Use the autopilot to reduce workload as appropriate
Utilizes and monitors available resources to maintain situational awareness
Uses all appropriate resources to plan for cross-country flight
In-flight
Communications with ATC
Makes any required reports
Precision approach
Precision approach with the loss of primary flight instruments
Ver. 1.03 66

Autopilot use
Can engage/manipulate the appropriate functions of the autopilot and monitor its operation
Alternator failure in IMC
Takes prompt, decisive action to deal with and mitigate this emergency
No-flap approach and landing
Evaluates conditions, runway suitability, and makes the adjustments necessary for successful landing

Complete FAA IFR cross-country requirements
Maintain situational awareness during actual or simulated IMC flights
Use the checklist throughout the flight and on the ground as necessary
Make safety-conscious approach briefings
67 Ver. 1.03
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
Ver. 1.00 68
Stage 4, Phase 8: Practical Test Preparation
PHASE 8: Practical Test Preparation

• Review all required material in preparation for the practical test
• Meet or exceed the Instrument Rating Airman Certification Standards (ACS)
Web-based KNOWLEDGE
ACHIEVING YOUR INSTRUMENT RATING
8.1 ACHIEVING YOUR INSTRUMENT RATING

Objectives: You will know how to pass your practical test and use your instrument rating.
8.1.1 Instrument Rating Practical Test
Passing the Test
Your New Rating
FLIGHT SCENARIOS
POLISHING ALL IFR SKILLS
*FINAL PROGRESS CHECK*
69 Ver. 1.03
SCENARIO 1: Polishing All IFR Skills
Objective:
This is a review flight before the final progress check in order to polish all skills to the current Instrument
Rating Airman Certification Standards.
This flight will be tailored to your individual needs and focused on areas requiring special assistance or
review.
Where to go:
An area free of dense traffic having one or more airports with appropriate published instrument approach
procedures
How to get there:
Planned deviations:
As assigned
As assigned
As assigned

Special emphasis areas
Positive aircraft control
Positive exchange of the flight controls
Stall/spin awareness
Collision avoidance
Wake turbulence avoidance
Land and hold short operations (LAHSO)
Checklist usage
Icing conditions: operational hazards, and anti-icing and deicing equipment
Risk management
Task management
Controlled flight into terrain awareness
Pilot qualifications
Weather information
Cross-country flight planning
Air traffic control clearances and procedures
ATC clearances
Compliance with departure, en route, and arrival procedures and clearances
Holding procedures
Flight by reference to instruments
Navigation systems
Intercepting and tracking navigation systems and DME arcs
Ver. 1.03 70
SCENARIO 1: Polishing All IFR Skills continued

Precision approach
Missed approach
Circling approach
Approach with loss of primary flight instrument indicators
Note and document equipment and/or aircraft malfunctions
71 Ver. 1.00

Instruction
Describe
Explain
Given

Weather information
Airplane systems related to IFR operations
Airplane flight instruments and navigation equipment
Terminal Publication Procedures (TPP)
Risk management
Task management
Crew resource management
Use of checklists
Use of distractions during practical test
Attitude instrument flying
Emergency instrument procedures

Manage/
Practice
Perform
Decide
“Manage/Decide”
Performs preflight on instruments, avionics, and navigation equipment
Checklist usage
Utilizes checklist during all ground and flight operations
In-flight
Communication with air traffic control and clearances
Is able to respond to and understand ATC calls and clearances and make required reports
Compliance with departure, en route, and arrival procedures and
clearances
Follows clearances and assigned published procedures
Ver. 1.03 72

Holding procedures
Intercepting and tracking navigational systems and DME arcs
Nonprecision approach (NPA)
Precision approach (PA)
Missed approach
Circling approach
— Loss of communications
Emergency operations —
Checking instrument and equipment
Notes all flight equipment for proper operation and documents malfunctions

Meet the standards outlined in the Instrument Rating Airman Certification Standards.
73 Ver. 1.03
SCENARIO 2: *Final Progress Check*
Objective:
Complete the final progress check for the course.
This flight will be conducted in accordance with the current Instrument Rating Airman Certification
Standards and is considered a mock practical test.
Where to go:
As assigned
How to get there:
Vectors, ATC clearance
Planned deviations:
As assigned
As assigned
As assigned
Checking your skills and knowledge:

Positive aircraft control
Positive exchange of the flight controls
Stall/spin awareness
Collision avoidance
Wake turbulence avoidance
Land and hold short operations (LAHSO)
Checklist usage
Icing conditions: operational hazards, and anti-icing and deicing equipment
Risk management
Task management
Weather information
Air traffic control clearances and procedures
ATC clearances
Compliance with departure, en route, and arrival procedures and clearances
Holding procedures
Flight by reference to instruments
Navigation systems
Intercepting and tracking navigation systems and DME arcs
Ver. 1.03 74
SCENARIO 2: *Final Progress Check* continued

Precision approach
Missed approach
Circling approach
Checking instruments and equipment
75 Ver. 1.00
Instruction
Describe
Desired outcome for all tasks for the Progress Check Oral is “Explain”
Explain
Given

Weather information
Airplane systems related to IFR operations
Airplane flight instruments and navigation equipment
Terminal Publication Procedures (TPP)
Manage/
Practice
Perform
Decide
“Manage/Decide”

Checklist usage
In-flight
Communication with air traffic control and clearances
Compliance with departure, en route, and arrival procedures and
clearances
Holding procedures
Intercepting and tracking navigational systems and DME arcs
Nonprecision approach (NPA)
Precision approach (PA)
Missed approach
Ver. 1.03 76
Phase 8 *Progress Check*- Flight continued

Circling approach
— Loss of communications
— Approach with loss of primary flight instrument indicators
Checking instruments and equipment

Demonstrate the aeronautical knowledge and skill to safely perform at or above the airman
certification standards and demonstrate sound decision-making.
Have demonstrated your ability as an instrument rated pilot
77 Ver. 1.03
INSTRUCTOR NOTES:
Ver. 1.00 78
Appendix A
Cessna Instrument Rating Course Training Requirements
Requirements for enrollment

Prior to enrolling in the flight portion of the Instrument Rating course, the customer must
• Hold at least a Private Pilot certificate with
o An airplane category, single engine land class rating
Ground training requirements

The customer must successfully complete
• All web-based knowledge instruction and flight previews
• All Ground Training Checklists
• All Progress Checks
• Cessna Pilot Center Final Exam
Flight training requirements

Prior to completing the Cessna Instrument Rating Course
• The applicable minimum hourly requirements must be met
• As well as the successful completion of all Phase Proficiency Checklists and Progress Checks
Requirements for graduation

To obtain a graduation certificate for the Instrument Rating course, the applicant must:
• Be able to read, speak, write and understand English
• Complete all ground training requirements
• Complete all flight training requirements
• Complete the FAA Instrument Rating-Airplane Knowledge Test
Minimum flight time requirements

The course is designed to meet the minimum hour requirements of
• 14 CFR Part 141, Appendix C
• 14 CFR Part 61 Subpart B
The minimum FAA hour requirements

• Vary depending upon your course of enrollment
• Are to be thought of as minimums only
o The goal is to prepare you to be a competent, proficient instrument pilot
What you get at an FAA certificated flight school (under 14 CFR Part 141)
If you take a course with this syllabus under Part 141 of the Federal Aviation Regulations, you are
assured that flight school has been approved by the FAA and is required to demonstrate and maintain
• Standardized flight operations, including Safety Procedures and Practices
• A structured training environment
• Detailed training records available for regular and unannounced FAA checks and inspection
• At least an 80% first attempt pass rate for certificate or rating applicants training under Part 141
Because of this level of structure and supervision, a Part 141 approved curriculum is authorized to
graduate qualified applicants in fewer flight hours.
A1 Ver. 1.00
Appendix A
GROUND TRAINING SUMMARY
Phase Online Online Pre-flight & Ground Training Total

Knowledge Flight Previews Post-flight Checklist
Lessons* Briefings**
1 6.9 1.2 1.5 1.5 11.1
2 6.4 0.6 2.0 1.5 10.5
Stage 1 13.3 1.8 3.5 3.0 21.6
Totals
3 5.1 0.6 1.5 2.0 9.2

4 3.0 0.4 1.5 1.5 6.4
Stage 2 8.1 1.0 3.0 3.5 15.6
Totals
5 4.6 1.0 2.0 1.0 8.6

6 2.2 0.6 2.0 1.5 6.3
Stage 3 6.8 1.6 4.0 2.5 14.9
Totals
7 2.9 0.4 1.5 1.5 6.3

8 0.3 0.0 1.0 1.0 2.3
Stage 4 3.2 0.4 2.5 2.5 8.6
Totals
Totals 31.4 4.8 13.0 11.5 60.7
* Based on a 45 second average per each lesson page and question.

** Based on 0.5 hour average total pre-flight and post-briefing per flight.
This syllabus accommodates the required 35-hour minimum aeronautical knowledge training when used as a Part
141, Appendix C curriculum as shown in the table above.
The aeronautical knowledge training occurs through multiple paths including online tested self study, viewing the
online flight-preparatory video segments, and instructor/customer interaction in the pre- and post-flight briefings.
Instruction will also be given during the instructor/customer Ground Training Checklist reviews.
A customer receives credit for the online course study when they complete every lesson within the course. To
complete a lesson, the customer must satisfactorily complete every question within that lesson.
Customer aeronautical knowledge competence is assured through instructor/customer Ground Training Checklist
reviews that must be demonstrated to the Explain level and the Cessna Pilot Center (CPC) knowledge test.
Ver. 1.00 A2
Appendix A
Instrument Rating Course, Part 141
Instrument Training Time

35 hours
Approved Full Flight Simulator Time

• Not to exceed 50% IFR Cross-Country
• At least 250 nm total distance
• One segment t least 100 nm
Approved Flight Training Device or straight-line distance between
Advanced Aviation Training Device airports
Time • Instrument approach at each
• Not to exceed 40% airport
• 3 different kinds of approaches
Approved Basic Aviation Training
Device
• Not to exceed 25%
Instrument Rating Course, Part 61
Total Instrument Time

(Actual or Simulated)
40 hours
Logged Total Cross-Country Time

(Visual and Instrument)
• 50 hours as PIC
Instrument Flight Training
(Instrument-Airplane Instructor)
Full Flight Simulator or Flight
• 15 hours
Training Device (Part 142)
• 30 hours
IFR Cross-Country
Full Flight Simulator or Flight
• 250 nm total distance
Training Device (Not Part 142)
• Instrument approach at each
• 20 hours
airport
• 3 different kinds of approaches
Approved Advanced Aviation
Training Device
• 20 hours
Instrument Flight Training
Approved Basic Aviation Training • 3 hours within 2 calendar months
Device before practical test
• 10 hours
A3 Ver. 1.02
Appendix A
RECOMMENDED FLIGHT TIMES
• All times listed are the minimum requirements for that flight training category. The 50 hours
of Cross-Country PIC time for a Part 61 curriculum must be met prior to the practical test.
• Flight Training (often called “dual”) means time spent receiving flight instruction from an
authorized instructor.
• By equaling or exceeding the times in each category listed in the following tables, you are
assured that you have met the minimum flight time requirements for your course.
• Since Cessna 172 Skyhawks may be equipped with either analog (“round dial”) flight
instruments or the G1000 advanced avionics system, some scenarios are designated as
specific to the instrument platform. When appropriate, there are parallel scenarios with the
same objective, but tailored for the platform (G1000 or Analog). Only of one of each set of
parallel scenarios are intended to be flown. Shading denotes parallel scenarios.
• Some scenarios are designated such that they may be flown on an Aviation Training Device
(ATD). Instrument training or flight time performed on an ATD, a flight simulator, or a Flight
Training Device (FTD) that exceeds the restrictions permitted for either Part 141 or Part 61
curriculum will not apply to the total instrument training/time requirements.
Instrument Rating (Part 141)

STAGE 1 (INSTRUMENT RATING, Part 141)
Phase Scenario Platform Total Instrument Instrument Full Flight Aviation
# # Time Flight Cross- Flight Training Training
Training country Simulator Device Device
1 1 Either 1.0 1.0
2 Either 1.0 1.0
3 G1000 1.0 1.0
4 Analog 1.0 1.0
2 1 Either 1.0 1.0
2 G1000 1.0 1.0
3 Analog 1.0 1.0
4 G1000 ATD 1.0 1.0
5 G1000 1.0 1.0
6 Analog 1.0 1.0
7 Prog √ G1000 1.0 1.0
8 Prog √ Analog 1.0 1.0
Stage 7 7.0 7.0
Total 7 7.0 7.0

3 1 Either 1.0 1.0
2 Either 1.0 1.0
3 Either 1.0 1.0
4 1 Either 1.0 1.0
2 Either 1.0 1.0
3 Prog √ Either 1.0 1.0
Stage 6 6.0 6.0
Total 13 13.0 13.0
Ver. 1.02 A4
Appendix A
5 1 Either 1.4 1.4
2 Either 1.4 1.4
3 Either 1.4 1.4
4 Either 1.4 1.4
6 1 Either 1.5 1.5
2 Either 1.4 1.4
3 Either 1.4 1.4
Stage 8 11.8 11.8
Total 21 24.8 24.8

7 1 Either 1.7 1.7 1.7
2 Either 1.5 1.5
3 Either 3.0 3.0 3.0
8 1 Either 2.0 2.0
Stage 5 10.2 10.2 4.7
COURSE TOTALS (INSTRUMENT RATING, Part 141)

Total 26 35.0 35.0 4.7
A5 Ver. 1.02
Appendix A
Instrument Rating (Part 61)

1 1 Either 1.2 1.2
2 Either 1.2 1.2
3 G1000 1.2 1.2
4 Analog 1.2 1.2
2 1 Either 1.2 1.2
2 G1000 1.2 1.2
3 Analog 1.2 1.2
4 G1000 ATD 1.2 1.2
5 G1000 1.2 1.2
6 Analog 1.2 1.2
7 Prog √ G1000 1.5 1.5
8 Prog √ Analog 1.5 1.5
Stage 7 8.7 8.7
Total 7 8.7 8.7

3 1 Either 1.3 1.3
2 Either 1.3 1.3
3 Either 1.3 1.3
4 1 Either 1.3 1.3
2 Either 1.3 1.3
Stage 6 8.0 8.0
Total 13 16.7 16.7

5 1 Either 1.5 1.5
2 Either 1.5 1.5
3 Either 1.5 1.5
4 Either 1.5 1.5
6 1 Either 1.6 1.6
2 Either 1.6 1.6
3 Either 1.6 1.6
Stage 8 12.8 12.8
Total 21 29.5 29.5
Ver. 1.02 A6
Appendix A
7 1 Either 2.0 2.0 2.0
2 Either 1.5 1.5
3 Either 3.0 3.0 3.0
8 1 Either 2.0 2.0
Stage 5 10.5 10.5 5.0
COURSE TOTALS (INSTRUMENT RATING, Part 61)

Total 26 40.0 40.0 5.0
A7 Ver. 1.02
Appendix A
Ver. 1.00 A8
Appendix B
PAVE Checklist
PAVE your way to a safe instrument flight. Before you fly, examine your risk factors.
Remember the cumulative effect. Change your plan whenever more than one risk factor
is marginal.
Pilot
Aircraft
enVironment
External Pressures
PILOT
Make a frank assessment of your own skills.
Am I proficient (not just current) for flying in today’s weather?

Do I have recent experience in actual instrument conditions?
Am I proficient with the avionics and the navigation systems for this flight?
Am I rested and have I checked the IMSAFE elements?
AIRCRAFT
Evaluate the capability of the aircraft.
Does this airplane have enough redundancy of communication radios, navigation

equipment, and flight instruments or display?
Is the lighting working and good enough for night instrument flying?
Does this airplane have sufficient performance reserve for this flight?
Is there enough range reserve to reach a legal and safe alternate?
ENVIRONMENT
Evaluate the environmental factors at the airport and on the runway.
Are conditions at my destination forecast for marginal IFR?

Are there areas for a good weather alternate within my fuel range?
What is the crosswind component on the active runway?
Is the runway slick from water, snow, or slush?
Are braking action reports available?
External Pressures
Evaluate pressures that influence you to make or complete the flight.
Do someone else’s plans depend on you completing this flight?

Are peers encouraging you to take off or land despite the conditions?
What are your strategies for managing the external pressures specific to this
flight?
B1
Appendix B
CARE Checklist
Use the CARE attention scan to recognize and manage the changing risk factors in flight
and for landing.
Manage your workload so that you have time to use the CARE checklist to deal with
changes.
Consequences
Alternatives
Reality
External Pressures
Consequences
Am I thinking: What is changing at my destination and alternate?

Am I evaluating the consequences of changes I am seeing?
Am I prepared for a later arrival, lower ceilings and visibility, gusts, or crosswind
component more than I anticipated?
Is moisture on the runway, and will temperature be a factor?
Alternatives
Do I have more than one alternate course of action?

Are conditions changing at my destination?
Should I land now to expand my circle of alternatives and remove pressure to
land in adverse conditions?
Reality
Have I accepted the fact that the weather at my destination airport has changed?
Has the goal to land at my destination put me in denial?
Am I dealing with things as they really are enroute and at my destination, or just
as I planned them?
External Pressures
Am I ignoring risk factors in order to land at my destination?

Am I managing my own goal-oriented behavior?
Are pressures influencing me to continue under unsuitable conditions?
B2

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COURSE SYLLABUS

King Schools, Inc.

©Copyright 2011 – 2016

King Schools, Inc.

All right reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a

INSTRUMENT RATING SYLLABUS

Revision Revision Online Change Description

Ver. 1.00 08-15-11 ORIGINAL ORIGINAL

INSTRUMENT RATING SYLLABUS

STEPS FOR BECOMING AN INSTRUMENT RATED PILOT

PHASE 1 PHASE 2 PHASE 3 PHASE 4

PHASE 5 PHASE 6 PHASE 7 PHASE 8

Web-based Knowledge Instruction

Ground Training Checklists

iii Ver. 1.03

SINGLE-PILOT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (SRM)

vii Ver. 1.00

INDEPENDENTLY GRADING THE SCENARIO

SINGLE-PILOT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (SRM) GRADES

Ver. 1.00 viii

EVERYDAY USE OF FITS CONCEPTS

The PAVE Checklist

Ver. 1.00 xii

xiii Ver. 1.00

Ver. 1.00 xiv

Stage 1 consists of two Phases

Stage Objective: During this stage you will

Each phase contains Web-based Knowledge Instruction

Each phase contains multiple Flight Scenarios that can be

PHASE 1: Developing Instrument Skills

1.1 EXPLORING INSTRUMENT FLYING

1.2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS

1.3 RADIO NAVIGATION AIDS AND THE MAGNETIC COMPASS

1.4 SINGLE-PILOT RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

*Flight scenarios will be repeated as necessary to reach the desired proficiency*

SCENARIO 1: Developing Your Instrument Scan

New this scenario:

SCENARIO 2: Improving Your Instrument Skills

New this scenario:

Improving your skills:

SCENARIO 3: Loss of Heading Indicator (G1000)

New this scenario:

Improving your skills:

SCENARIO 4: Loss of Heading Indicator (ANALOG)

New this scenario:

Improving your skills:

Phase 1 Ground Training Checklist

*All items to be graded independently by the instructor and customer, then

Safety practices and procedures

Phase 1 Proficiency Checklist

Single-pilot resource management

Phase 1 Proficiency Checklist continued

Phase 1 completion standards:

PHASE 2: Polishing Instrument Skills

2.1 IFR ENROUTE CHARTS, CLEARANCES, AND STAYING ORGANIZED

2.2 UNDERSTANDING THE WEATHER

2.3 INSTRUMENT FAILURES AND UNUSUAL ATTITUDES

2.4 READING THE WEATHER

*Flight scenarios will be repeated as necessary to reach the desired proficiency*

Flight scenarios will be repeated as necessary to reach the desired proficiency

Flight scenarios will be repeated as necessary to reach the desired proficiency

SCENARIO 7: Progress Check (G1000)

SCENARIO 8: Progress Check (ANALOG)

Phase 2 Progress Check

Phase 2 Progress Check completion standards:

Flight scenarios will be repeated as necessary to reach the desired proficiency

SCENARIO 3: Progress Check