Geometrie computationala

(Proiect)

Idu Stefan Andrei

Informatica
Anul I

1
 Vectori

%Ex. 15 p 90
%Operatii de calcul si reprezentare grafica a vectorilor: suma, produs
%inmultire cu scalar, produs vectorial, produs scalar, simetrii fata de
%axe si puncte

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.

function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
a=[4 5];
b=[1 10];
c=[2 -8];
d=[-5 10];

v1=[a(1) b(1); a(2) b(2)];

v2=[c(1) d(1); c(2) d(2)];
sum=v1+v2;

axes(handles.axes2);
legend(handles.axes2,'hide')
cla
hold on
s=2;
quiver(a(1), b(1), a(2), b(2),0,'b-','Linewidth',2);
quiver(c(1), d(1), c(2), d(2),0,'r-','Linewidth',3);
quiver(sum(1,1), sum(1,2), sum(2,1), sum(2,2),0,'m-','Linewidth',3);
legend('v1','v2','suma vectorilor')
view(2)
grid on
hold off
%quiver(s*a(1), s*b(1), s*a(2), s*b(2),0,'m*','Linewidth',2);
%quiver(t*ca(1), t*d(1), t*c(2), t*d(2),0,'g*','Linewidth',2);
%legend('v1','v2','v1*2','v2*(-1)'

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.

function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)

a=[2 3];
b=[5 9];
c=[1 -7];
d=[-4 3];

axes(handles.axes2);
legend(handles.axes2,'hide')
cla
hold on
s=2;
t=-1;
quiver(a(1), b(1), a(2), b(2),0,'b-','Linewidth',2);
quiver(c(1), d(1), c(2), d(2),0,'r-','Linewidth',3);

2
 quiver(s*a(1), s*b(1), s*a(2), s*b(2),0,'m*','Linewidth',2);
%quiver(t*ca(1), t*d(1), t*c(2), t*d(2),0,'g*','Linewidth',2);
legend('v1','v2','v1*2','v2*(-1)')
grid on
hold off

function axes2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)

a=[2 3];
b=[5 9];
c=[1 -7];
d=[-4 3];
hold on
quiver(a(1), b(1), a(2), b(2),0);
quiver(c(1), d(1), c(2), d(2),0);
grid on
axis off
hold off

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.

function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
v1=[ 1 2 3; 4 3 2];
v2=[ 1 0 0; 4 5 2];
prodVectorial=cross(v1,v2);

axes(handles.axes2);
legend(handles.axes2,'hide')
cla
hold on
plot3(v1(:,1), v1(:,2), v1(:,3),'Color',[0.8 0.1 0.4],'Linewidth',2);
plot3(v2(:,1), v2(:,2), v2(:,3),'g','Linewidth',2);
plot3(prodVectorial(:,1), prodVectorial(:,2), prodVectorial(:,3),
‘r-.’,’Linewidth’,2);
legend(‘v1’,’v2’,’v1*2’,’Produsul vectorial’)

view(3)
hold off

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4.

Function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
v1=[ 1 2 3; 4 3 2];
v2=[ 1 0 0; 4 5 2];
prod=dot(v1,v2);
<is a=[0 0 0; prod(1) prod(2) prod(3)];

axes(handles.axes2);
legend(handles.axes2,’hide’)
cla
hold on
plot3(v1(:,1), v1(:,2), v1(:,3),’b-‘,’Linewidth’,2);

3
 plot3(v2(:,1), v2(:,2), v2(:,3),’g-‘,’Linewidth’,2);
plot3(<is a(:,1), <is a(:,2), <is a(:,3),’r-.’,’Linewidth’,2);
legend(‘v1’,’v2’,’v1*2’,’Produsul scalar’)

view(3)
hold off

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton5.

Function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
v1=[ 1 2 ; 4 3];

axes(handles.axes2);
legend(handles.axes2,’hide’)
cla
hold on
quiver(v1(1,1), v1(1,2), v1(2,1),0,’Linewidth’,2);
quiver(v1(1,1), -v1(1,2), v1(2,1),0,’Linewidth’,2);
quiver(v1(1,1), v1(1,2),
-v1(2,1),0,’Linewidth’,2);legend(‘v1’,’v2’,’v1*2’,’Produsul scalar’)
quiver(v1(1,1), -v1(1,2), -v1(2,1),0,’Linewidth’,2);
legend(‘vector’,’Simetrie fata de Oy’,’Simetrie fata de Ox’,’Simetrie
fata de Oy si Ox’)

view(2)
hold off

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton6.

Function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
v1=[4 3];
r=[0 1];

sim= -v1 -2*dot(-v1,r)*r;

axes(handles.axes2);
legend(handles.axes2,’hide’)
cla
hold on
quiver(0,0,v1(1), v1(2),0,’g’’Linewidth’,2);

plot(r(1), r(2), ‘r’,2);

quiver(0,0,sim(1), sim(2),0,’b’’Linewidth’,2);
legend(‘vector v1’,’punctul r’,’vectorul simetric fata de r’)

view(2)
grid on
hold off

4
 %Ex. 17 p 148
% Sa se scrie o functie Matlab care sa aiba ca date de intrare
proiectiile
% unui vector ,, u’’ in plan <is a returneze proiectiile vectorului
% v= sim ox u.

Avem vectorul

u(5,3)

sim Ox u=(5,-3)
sim Oy 2u=(-10,6)
sim Ox -2u=(-10,6)
sim Oy u=(-5,-3)

%d)
function [ xa1,ya1, xb1,yb1,xc1,yc1 ] =
ex2p97subpctD( xa,ya,xb,yb,xc,yc,tx,ty)
T=[1 0 tx; 0 1 ty; 0 0 1];
MA=[xa;ya;1];
MB=[xb;yb;1];
MC=[xc;yc;1];

MA1=T*MA;
MB1=T*MB;
MC1=T*MC;

xa1=MA1(1,1);
ya1=MA1(2,1);

xb1=MB1(1,1);
yb1=MB1(2,1);

xc1=MC1(1,1);
yc1=MC1(2,1);

hold on
plot([xa,xb,xc],[ya,yb,yc],'-b')
plot([xa1,xb1,xc1],[ya1,yb1,yc1],'-r')
hold off

5
end

>>ex2p97subpctD( 0,0,1,1,1,-1,-2,1)

Reprezentarea curbelor

%Ex 8 p 117 subpunctul a

%Sa se reprezinte grafic curba reprezentata de ecuatia implicita:
%x^2/3+y^2/3=a^2/3, x,y apartin intervalului [-a,a]

a=-2;
t=0:0.01*pi:2*pi;
x=@(t) a* cos(t).^3;
y=@(t) a* sin(t).^3;
plot(x(t),y(t),'r-.','linewidth',2)
grid
title('Astroida')
hold on
a=2;
t=0:0.01*pi:2*pi;
x=@(t) a* cos(t).^3;
y=@(t) a* sin(t).^3;
plot(x(t),y(t),'b-.','linewidth',2); grid

6
 Polinoame Bernstein, Curbe Bezier

%Ex.2 p 126 (gr=4)

%Reprezentati in aceeasi figura, in subgrafice diferite, pe 4 linii si
%4 coloane baza Bernstein si baza monomiala

t=0:0.01:1;
B0=(1-t).^4;
B1=4*(1-t).^3.*(t);
B2=6*(1-t).^2.*t.^2;
B3=4*(1-t).*t.^3;
B4=t.^4;

hold on
subplot(5,2,1); plot(t,B0)
subplot(5,2,3); plot(t,B1)
subplot(5,2,5); plot(t,B2)
subplot(5,2,7); plot(t,B3)
subplot(5,2,9); plot(t,B4)

subplot(5,2,2); plot(t,1)
subplot(5,2,4); plot(t,t)
subplot(5,2,6); plot(t,t.^2)
subplot(5,2,8); plot(t,t.^3)
subplot(5,2,10); plot(t,t.^4)

7
 hold off

%Ex 12 p 135
%Scrieti un program Matlab care sa construiasca o figura formata din mai
%multe curbe Bezier - o floare- alegand corespunzator punctele de
control.

t=0:0.0001:1;
B0=(1-t).^3;
B1=3*(1-t).^2.*t;
B2=3*(1-t).*(t.^2);
B3=t.^3;
B=[B0;B1;B2;B3];
b1=[0 0 1.5 0;0 2 1.5 0];
b2=[0 1.5 2 0;0 1.5 0 0];
b3=[0 2 1.5 0;0 0 -1.5 0];
b4=[0 1.5 0 0;0 -1.5 -2 0];
b5=[0 0 -1.5 0;0 -2 -1.5 0];
b6=[0 -1.5 -2 0;0 -1.5 0 0];
b7=[0 -2 -1.5 0;0 0 1.5 0];
b8=[0 -1.5 0 0;0 1.5 2 0];
f1=b1*B;
f2=b2*B;
f3=b3*B;
f4=b4*B;
f5=b5*B;
f6=b6*B;

8
f7=b7*B;
f8=b8*B;
hold on
plot(b1(1,:),b1(2,:),'bs');
plot(f1(1,:),f1(2,:),'ms');
plot(b2(1,:),b2(2,:),'bs');
plot(f2(1,:),f2(2,:),'ms');
plot(b3(1,:),b3(2,:),'bs');
plot(f3(1,:),f3(2,:),'ms');
plot(b4(1,:),b4(2,:),'bs');
plot(f4(1,:),f4(2,:),'ms');
plot(b5(1,:),b5(2,:),'bs');
plot(f5(1,:),f5(2,:),'ms');
plot(b6(1,:),b6(2,:),'bs');
plot(f6(1,:),f6(2,:),'ms');
plot(b7(1,:),b7(2,:),'bs');
plot(f7(1,:),f7(2,:),'ms');
plot(b8(1,:),b8(2,:),'bs');
plot(f8(1,:),f8(2,:),'ms');
hold off

Algoritmul lui Casteljau

%Ex. 3 p 138 (n=4)

%Determinarea coordonatelor punctelor de pe o curba Bezier de grad n,
prin
%algoritmul lui de Casteljau si pentru reprezentarea grafica a
algoritmului
%descompunerii CB initiale in subcurba Bezier stanga si dreapta.

t1=0:0.01:1;
B0=(1-t1).^2;
B1=2*(1-t1).*t1;
B2=t1.^2;
B=[B0;B1;B2];
b=[0,1,6;0,2,3];
f=b*B;
t=1/3;

hold on
plot(b(1,:),b(2,:),'r-');
plot(f(1,:),f(2,:),'b');
b1=zeros(2,2);b2=zeros(2,1);

for i=1:2

9
 b1(:,i)=b(:,i).*(1-t)+b(:,i+1).*t;
end
b2(:,1)=b1(:,1).*(1-t)+b1(:,2).*t;

plot(b1(1,:),b1(2,:),'-g*')
plot(b2(1,:),b2(2,:),'m*')
hold off

Interpolare Bezier simpla

%Ex. p140 (n=5, alt p)

%a) Se considera cunoscute coordonatele a 4 puncte in plan. Sa se scrie
% o functie care calculeaza coordonatele poligonului de control ale
curbei
%Bezier care trece prin aceste puncte, considerand ca punctele sunt
%repartizate echidistant pe curba Bezier (corespunzator parametrului t
% al curbei). Coordonatelep unctelor se dau intr-o matrice cu 2 linii si
4
%coloane, coloana dupa coloana.
%b) Sa se reprezinte grafic curba Bezier interpolatoare

* %a)-nu merge spune ca ,,p’’ nu e definit

function [b]=exp140subpctA(p)
A=(1/27)*[27 0 0 0 ; 8 12 6 1 ; 1 6 12 8;0 0 0 27];
b=A.^(-1)*p';
b=b';
end

%b)
function exp140(p)
b=exp140subpctA(p);
for k=1:5
plot(p(1,k),p(2,k),'gs')
hold on
end
plot(b(1,:),b(2,:),'bx')

p=[2 4 6 -7; 0 8 5 3];

b=exp140subpctA(p);
exp140(p);

hold on
t=0:.0001:1;
B0=(1-t).^5;
B1=5*(1-t).^4.*(t);
B2=10*(1-t).^3.*t.^2;

10
B3=10*(1-t).^2.*t.^3;
B4=5*(1-t).*t.^4;
B5=t.^5;
B=[B0;B1;B2;B3;B4;B5];
x=b*B; %curba Bezier interpolatoare
comet(x(1,:),x(2,:));
hold off
end

Interpolare F-Mill

%Ex p 142

%a)

function [ b ] = FMill( p )
n=max(size(p));
l=zeros(2,n-2);
[a,e]=ginput(1);
[c,d]=ginput(1);
for j=1:(n-2)
l(:,j)=p(:,j+2)-p(:,j);
end
ultim=3*(n-1)+1;
b=ones(2,ultim);
b(:,1)=p(:,1);
b(:,2)=[a;e];
b(:,3)=p(:,2)-(1/6)*l(:,1);
for k=1:(n-3)
b(:,3*k+1)=p(:,k+1);
b(:,3*k+2)=p(:,k+1)+(1/6)*l(:,k);
b(:,3*k+3)=p(:,k+2)-(1/6)*l(:,k+1);
end
b(:,3*(n-2)+1)=p(:,n-1);
b(:,3*(n-2)+2)=p(:,n-1)+(1/6)*l(:,n-2);
b(:,3*(n-2)+3)=[c,d];
b(:,ultim)=p(:,n);
end

%b)

function reprezintaPoligonFMill( p )
b=FMill(p)
n=max(size(p));
ultim=3*(n-1)+1;
i=1;

11
nr=1;
ng=floor(ultim/4)+1;
t=0:.0001:1;
B0=(1-t).^3;
B1=3*(1-t).^2.*t;
B2=3*(1-t).*t.^2;
B3=t.^3;
B=[B0;B1;B2;B3];
while nr<=ng
plot(b(1,i:i+3),b(2,i:i+3),'kx-');
hold on
cb=b(:,i:i+3)*B;
plot(cb(1,:),cb(2,:));
%comet(cb(1,:),cb(2,:));
nr=nr+1;
i=i+3;
end
end

12
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