Galaxy G1

Galaxy G1 Measuring System

User Manual

*All Rights Reserved

-1-
Galaxy G1
CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Brief Introduction................................................................................................... - 4 -
§ 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... - 4 -
§ 1.2 Production functions ............................................................................................ - 4 -
§ 1.3 Features .................................................................................................................. - 5 -
§1.4 Accessories &Components .................................................................................... - 7 -
Chapter 2 GalaxyG1 Measuring System ................................................................................. - 9 -
§2.1 Galaxy G1 Mainframe .......................................................................................... - 10 -
§2.1.1 The mainframe appearance ........................................................................ - 10 -
§2.1.2 Bottom interfaces ......................................................................................... - 11 -
§2.1.3 Indicator panel ............................................................................................. - 12 -
§2.1.4 Mode check and switching ........................................................................... - 13 -
§2.1.5 Self -check ..................................................................................................... - 14 -
§2.2 Handheld controller S10 ..................................................................................... - 15 -
§2.2.1 Basic introduction to the handheld ............................................................. - 16 -
§2.2.2 Blue-tooth connection .................................................................................. - 21 -
§2.2.3 Software installation and connecting ......................................................... - 23 -
§2.3 External Radio ...................................................................................................... - 25 -
§2.3.1 Radio features: ............................................................................................. - 25 -
§2.3.2 Radio appearance ........................................................................................ - 27 -
§2.3.3 Radio interface and panel ............................................................................ - 27 -
§2.3.4 Radio transmitting antenna ........................................................................ - 29 -
§2.3.5 Application Notice ........................................................................................ - 29 -
§2.4 Mainframe accessories........................................................................................ - 31 -
§2.4.1 Instrument Case ........................................................................................... - 31 -
§2.4.2 Battery and charger ..................................................................................... - 31 -
§2.4.3 Differential antennas ................................................................................... - 32 -
§2.4.4 Multi-function data line ............................................................................... - 32 -
§2.4.5 Other accessories .......................................................................................... - 33 -
Chapter 3 Operations............................................................................................................. - 34 -
§3.1 Static operating .................................................................................................... - 35 -
§3.1.1 Static Measurements Profile ........................................................................ - 35 -
§3.1.2 Operating procedures .................................................................................. - 36 -
§3.1.3 Field operation notes: .................................................................................. - 37 -
§3.1.4 GPS net design .............................................................................................. - 37 -
§ 3.2 RTK operations (Radio mode) ........................................................................... - 38 -
§3.2.1 Set up the Base Station ................................................................................ - 39 -
§3.2.2 Start the base station ................................................................................... - 40 -
§3.2.3 Set up rover station ...................................................................................... - 42 -
§3.2.4 Set rover station ........................................................................................... - 43 -

-2-
Galaxy G1
§3.3 RTK operations（GPRS mode） ......................................................................... - 45 -
§3.3.1 Base and Rover installation ......................................................................... - 46 -
§3.3.2 Base and Rover settings ............................................................................... - 46 -
§3.3.3 Electronic bubble ......................................................................................... - 49 -
§3.3.4 Tilt survey ..................................................................................................... - 51 -
§3.4 The antenna height measuring ......................................................................... - 54 -
Chapter 4 Connecting to PC................................................................................................... - 56 -
§4.1 Mainframe data transfer .................................................................................... - 56 -
§4.2 INStar Operation .................................................................................................. - 57 -
§4.2.1 Data Output.................................................................................................. - 58 -
§4.2.2 Firmware update ......................................................................................... - 60 -
§4.2.3 Parameter setting ........................................................................................ - 62 -
§4.2.4 Radio setting ................................................................................................ - 62 -
§4.2.5 Receiver register........................................................................................... - 63 -
Appendix A Galaxy G1 main technical specifications ................................................... - 64 -
Appendix B GDL-20 radio technical specifications ....................................................... - 67 -
Appendix C Technical Terms ............................................................................................. - 69 -

-3-
Galaxy G1

Chapter 1 Brief Introduction

Read this chapter, and you will have a brief knowledge of South Company and
Galaxy G1 measurement system.

§ 1.1 Introduction
Welcome to South Surveying&Mapping Instruments Co., Ltd, which is China’s
leading GPS RTK instrument production and sales enterprises, has been
committed to spread the international advanced GPS mapping survey
techniques and products to the users.
This manual takes Galaxy G1 measuring system for example, to explain how to
install, set up and uses the RTK system as well as the use of the accessories. We
recommend that you read these instructions carefully before using the
instrument.
SOUTH Galaxy G1, new generation integrated RTK system with smaller size and
innovative design, leads the direction of new generation RTK with excellent
performance, provides high-efficiency and intelligent surveying experience to
customers. It isn’t simply smaller, it does better in everywhere.

§ 1.2 Production functions

Control Survey: dual-band (dual-frequency) system static measurements can

accurately complete the high-precision deformation observation, photo-control
point measurement.
Highway Survey: quickly complete the encryption of the control points, road

-4-
Galaxy G1
topographic mapping, cross-section measurement, profile measurement with
EGStar.
CORS Application: provide more stable and convenient data link for field
operations. It is seamlessly compatible with all types of domestic CORS
applications.
Data acquisition measurement: perfect match South’s various measurement
software to do quick and easy data acquisition.
Stakeout shot: large-scale point, line, plane lofting.
Electric Power Measurement: power line measurement orientation, ranging,
angle calculation.
Marine application: oceanographic research, dredging, piling, inserted row,
making the marine operations more convenient and easy.

§ 1.3 Features
Innovative structure design: Galaxy G1, with smaller size and innovative
design, the weight is only 970g, built with magnesium alloy materials. And the
top edge is design to decrease harm for receiver in case of fall down to ground.

Dual mode Bluetooth: SOUTH Galaxy G1 is equipped with Bluetooth 4.0

module, which is first to adopt this technology to support communication with
smartphone, tablet PC etc, to make sure Bluetooth communication more stable.

Tilt centering and electronic bubble: The internal tile compensator and
electronic bubble can correct the coordinate result automatically at the points
with tile angel and tile direction.

-5-
Galaxy G1
NFC function: The internal NFC module can make the complicated Bluetooth
communication more easy and simple.

Full constellation support: Equipped with most advanced GNSS boards,

Galaxy G1 system can track most signal from all kinds of running satellite
constellation, especially support B1,B2 and B3 signal from COMPASS, also get
position result with only COMPASS signal.

Smart and Open Platform: SOUTH Galaxy G1 is based on smart platform and
powerful structure, which can make system work faster and more stable, less
power consumption, also support smart voice guide and smart diagnosis etc.

Cloud service: The function enable realize online upgrade and register, remote
diagnosis in real-time.

Advanced datalink module: SOUTH Galaxy G1 adopts new and excellent

datalink system, which is compatible with current radio protocols in the market,
also supports all kinds of network types to access CORS seamlessly.

-6-
 Galaxy G1

§1.4 Accessories &Components

Rover station standard configuration

Mainframe antennas S10 controller Measuring tape

Mainframe charger Mainframe batteries Tribrach&connector Bracket for controllers

Retractable pole multi-function communication cable

-7-
 Galaxy G1
Base station standard configuration

Mainframe Antennas 25w radio Multiple communication cable

Battery charger Batteries Tribrach & connector Communication cable

Transmission antenna Support pole Frequency-change line Measuring tape

-8-
 Galaxy G1

Chapter 2 GalaxyG1 Measuring System

Reading this chapter, you can grasp the components, installation and the
function of Galaxy G1 measuring system.

Figure 2-1

① Rover ② Controller ③Base

④ Tribrach ⑤ Radio ⑥Radio Antenna
⑦ Tripod ⑧Battery

-9-
 Galaxy G1

§2.1 Galaxy G1 Mainframe

§2.1.1 The mainframe appearance

The mainframe is a flat cylindrical, 112mm in height, 129mm in diameter, the

height from the rubber seal ring to the bottom is 60mm. The front side is the
buttons and indicator panel. The bottom of the instrument is radio and network
interface, as well as the battery compartment and other interfaces; there is a
string of bar code number, which is the mainframe machine number.

Front Panel

Figure 2-2

① Top cover ②Protection rubber ring ③Indicator light

④ Power Key ⑤Bottom

- 10 -
 Galaxy G1

Back Panel

Figure 2-3
① Battery compartment cover ②NFC label ③ Compartment locker
Mainframe Serial number: for registration, and identify the mainframe and the
corresponding connection with the handheld.

§2.1.2 Bottom interfaces

Figure 2-4

- 11 -
 Galaxy G1
① Compartment snap-fit：for locking the battery compartment cover
② SN label
③ Screw hole: fix the mainframe to the tribrach or the pole
④ Beeper: broadcast voice messages
⑤ UHF/GPRS socket: connect UHF/GPRS antenna
⑥ 5-pin cable socket: connect power cable
⑦ 7-pin data cable socket: connect data cable
5-pin interface: for connecting to the external Radio or external power;
7-pin serial port: used to connect to computer to transfer data, or handheld;
GPRS interface: Install the GPRS (GSM/CDMA/3G optional) network antennas;
UHF interface: Install UHF radio antenna;

§2.1.3 Indicator panel

a) Galaxy G1 mainframe indicator still has two meanings:

The indicator for mode switching and working modes;
The indicator for mainframe self-check state;
b) In order to let you have a better understanding of the specific meaning of the
indicator in the two states, we will describe in detail.
Galaxy G1 indication panel has been re-designed with 3 LED indicators, simply
and clearly indicates the various status, as shown below:

Figure 2-5
①3 indicator lights ②Power key

- 12 -
 Galaxy G1
The following are the meanings of some typical lights:
Indicator Status Meaning
on Normal voltage, built-in battery 7.4v

POWER blink Low battery

blink Number of satellite lock, cycle once every 5 seconds

Satellite

off Handheld disconnected

Bluetooth on Handheld connected

Static mode: flashing in accordance with the setting

blink
sampling interval when recording data

Signal/data on Base or rover mode: built-in module receives strong signal

blink Base or rover mode: built-in module receives weak signal
off Base or rover mode: built-in module receives no signal
Table 2-1

§2.1.4 Mode check and switching

Mode check
In more work mode, press power key once, there is voice message to remind
current work status.
Mode switching
After power on receiver, use data collector to connect the receiver, then configure the work

mode and data link mode.

- 13 -
 Galaxy G1

Figure 2-6

§2.1.5 Self -check

If the mainframe indicator is abnormal or not working properly, you can use the
automatic detection function, which is mainframe self-check.
Power on, press and hold the <Power> button about 8 seconds, until the BT
light turns on again and along with the beeping from receiver, then release the
button to and the receiver starts performing the self-check.
If all the function parts pass, there is voice message to remind, wait a few
seconds, the instrument will turns off automatically.
If the self-check isn’t passed, there is also voice message to remind, and
instrument will stay in the status of the self-check, results to identify the
problem.

- 14 -
Galaxy G1
The meaning of the lights during self-check
Indicator Status Meaning

on Receiver is performing the self-check

on OEM board self-check is passed

off OEM board self-check isn’t passed
on GPRS/GSM module part self-check is passed
off GPRS/GSM module part self-check isn’t passed
On Internal radio module self- check is passed
off Internal radio module self- check isn’t passed
Table 2-2

§2.2 Handheld controller S10

Figure 2-7

- 15 -
 Galaxy G1

§2.2.1 Basic introduction to the handheld

Here takes S10 for example (If you want to know more about Psion controller,
please refer to the manual for Psion controller), appearance of S10:

Figure 2-8

- 16 -
 Galaxy G1
Standard Configuration Description

Li-ion Battery 3.7V/ 3000 mA/h

Strap Black, 180*12mm

Touch Pen Black, 12.7mm

USB data cable 1.5m

USB Charger 5V/1A

Disc

Table 2-3

1. Charging
Connect the charger with collector by the USB Link cable to recharge.
Main Screen (Upper right corner) will show the Charging Icon in power off (on)
status.(Once you connect Collector with PC to recharge; the charging time will be
longer).

2. Installing Battery, SIM Card and Storage Card

Turn the lock up straight and rotate it anticlockwise, you can take off the battery
cover.

Figure 2-9

There are two sockets upon the battery position, left is for SIM Card and right is
for Storage Card.

- 17 -
 Galaxy G1

Figure 2-10

Installing the battery, turn the lock clockwise to the end.

(SIM Card: The Missing Angle Corner of SIM Card will be at the lower right
corner)

3. Power on/off
Make sure that the battery is fully charged or you can connect the Collector to PC
via the USB Cable. (Collector should be with battery).
Press Power Key for 3-5 seconds to power on/off.
(If there is no any response from Collector or other unusual situations happened,
press the Reset Key besides the USB socket in the bottom of Collector with the
Touch Screen Pen).

4. Connect to PC
Make sure that you’ve installed Microsoft ActiveSync 4.5 or higher version, if
your computer equipped with win7 or win8 system, please make sure that you
have installed Windows Mobile Device Center program.
Connect the Collector to PC via the Mini USB Data Cable.

Connection will be preceded automatically by Microsoft ActiveSync. Icon will

turn green and an interface of Setting will come out, you can just click “Cancel”.

- 18 -
 Galaxy G1
After this, you can manage and edit the data in Collector.

5. Installing Program
Make sure that collector is synchronized with PC. Run the Installation file at PC
side.
If the installation program is also suitable for collector, you can copy the
installation program into collector to install. You can just copy the folder into
collector when you need.

Figure 2-11

(The two operations: Upper→ Equipment, Lower→ Storage Card)

We suggest you installing programs into Flash Memory and save data into
Storage Card.

6. How to use GPS

If you want to check the working status of GPS via checking or collecting
software, please set the COM port to COM6 and the baud rate to 57600.

- 19 -
Galaxy G1

Figure 2-12

7. Camera
Get into the Camera Mode by pressing the Camera Key for 3 or more seconds.
Press Camera Key to take a photo and click “OK” on the screen to save.

Figure 2-13

Note: If you want to know more information about S10, Please refer to S10
manual.

- 20 -
 Galaxy G1

§2.2.2 Blue-tooth connection

The short-range wireless Bluetooth communication facilities are for the

wireless exchange of information among a variety of Bluetooth-enabled devices.
Tap on the Start menu (Settings) → (control panel) to open (Bluetooth Device
Manager). tap on the(scanning device) after setting the Bluetooth device, and
the surrounding Bluetooth devices will be listed in the search list. And then
input the passcode 1234 to have pair between controller and receiver. As shown
below:

Figure 2-14

- 21 -
Galaxy G1

Figure 2-15
After the pair, select an available com port for the receiver (usually COM 8 and
COM 5 are OK). As shown below:

Figure 2-16
After the establishment of the virtual serial port, other applications can use the
serial port for data communication with a Bluetooth device.

- 22 -
 Galaxy G1

§2.2.3 Software installation and connecting

Professional surveying and mapping software are made for measurement

applications for different industry:"EGStar", "Power Star", "Mapping Star",
"Navigation Star” and so on. Here takes EGStar for example:
EGStar is the specific software for G1 measuring system, mainly for the
collection and calculation of the measuring points.
Before installing of EGStar, you need to install Microsoft Active Sync. After
installing it on your computer, connect handheld to computer with a cable, and
install EGStar into the handheld, at the same time, keep the mainframe power
on, then set as follows:
Open EGStar software and enter the main interface. Click “OK” on the "prompt"
window.

Figure 2-17

1. "Configure" → "Port Config", in the "Port Configuration “dialog box, select the
port “COM8 ", with the same serial number which you use to connect the
Bluetooth serial port service. Click "OK." If the connection is successful, the
- 23 -
Galaxy G1
status bar will display related data. If there is barrier, exit EGStar to reconnect
(If the above settings are correct, then link directly). Handheld connecting with
the host PC can do the follow-up measurement.

Figure 2-18

2. Or go to “Bluetooth Manager”, in this interface tap on “Search” button and the

controller will search the surrounding Bluetooth devices, select the correct
serial number from the list and click on “Connect” button, controller will
connect to receiver without setting any COM port. If the prompt message
“Bluetooth connect success” appears, that means that controller has
successfully connected with receiver, then please check the Bluetooth indicator
on receiver.

- 24 -
 Galaxy G1

Figure 2-19

§2.3 External Radio

§2.3.1 Radio features:

The radio GDL20 is a high-speed semi-manual wireless data transmission radio,

whose air transfer rate can be up to 19200 bps and the RF transmitter power is
larger, used in Southern RTK measurement system.
Radio GDL20 adopts GMSK modulation, 19200bps transfer rate, low bit error
rate. RF frequency can cover 450-470MHz band. Data transmission mode of
GDL20 is transparent mode, that is, the received data is sent to the RTK GPS
system unchanged.
Radio GDL20 data interface is a standard RS-232 interface, which can be
connected to any RS-232 terminal equipment for data exchange.
GDL20 digital radio research employs advanced radio frequency technology,
- 25 -
Galaxy G1
digital signal processing technology and baseband processing technology,
carefully selected high quality components to organize production, to ensure
the long-term stable and reliable operation;
Have a forward error correction control, digital error correction function.
It has eight transmitting and receiving channels. Can be changed according to
the actual use of the channel frequency, transmit power adjustable interval is
0.5MHz

Channel number Frequency（450-470MHz）

Channel 1 463.125
Channel 2 464.125
Channel 3 465.125
Channel 4 466.125
Channel 5 463.625
Channel 6 464.625
Channel 7 465.625
Channel 8 466.625
Table 2-4

- 26 -
 Galaxy G1

§2.3.2 Radio appearance

Figure 2-20
① Control panel ②SN number

§2.3.3 Radio interface and panel

Mainframe Interface: 5-pin jack for connecting a GPS receiver and power supply

Figure 2-21 5-pin port

Antenna interface：For connecting the transmitter antenna

Figure 2-22 Antenna interface

- 27 -
Galaxy G1
Control Panel: control panel lights display the status of the radio, the key
operation is simple and convenient, one-to-one interface can effectively prevent
connection errors.

Figure 2-23 Control panel

① Channel indicator light.
② Power indicator light,
③ ON / OFF power key: This key controls the unit's power switch. The red light
on the left indicates the power status of the machine.
④ TX red light indicator: This indicator flashes once per second means that the
radio is transmitting data with the transmitting interval in 1 second;
⑤ AMP PWR indicator: Indicates the level of radio power, light on indicates
low-power, light off indicates high-power
⑥ CHANNEL button: By pressing this switch, you can switch channels 1-8.

Power switch (Shown in picture below): switch to adjust the radio power, AMP
PWR lights on the panel indicate the radio power level, light on indicates low
power, lights off high power.

Figure 2-24 Power switch

- 28 -
 Galaxy G1

§2.3.4 Radio transmitting antenna

The UHF transmitting antenna is particularly suitable for field use, the receiving
antenna is 450MHz Omni-directional antenna, light and durable.

Figure 2-25 Radio antenna

§2.3.5 Application Notice

The battery power is too low: When the flashing channel indicator appears on
the control panel, which means the lack of battery power, replace the battery in
time, otherwise there would be data link unstable or unable to launch.
GDL20 radio power supply: voltage 12-15V (typical 13.8V) RF transmitter
power 25W, current 7.0A.
Radio transmits power: radio transmits power based on the voltage of the
power supply, check the voltage before use.
High and low power use: use low-power transmitter when low power can
satisfy the operation as high-power transmitter will exponentially consume
battery power, excessive use will reduce battery life. Install the radio station as
high as possible.
Power corrugated coefficient: power ripple coefficient must be less than 40mV,
the smaller the ripple factor is, the smaller will the beam spectrum be and the

- 29 -
Galaxy G1
higher communication quality will be.
Power Connection: Power of positive and negative connected correctly.
Electromagnetic environment: Before using the radio, it is better to perform
electromagnetic environment measurement, to avoid the communications
blackout.
Radio match antenna: the basic parameters of the antenna selection are the
band width, frequency, gain, directivity, impedance, VSWR and other
indexes .Usually the effective bandwidth of the antenna is 3-5MHz,antenna
selecting should be based on the frequency bands used by the to be selected
channel. For the long-distance transmission, it is better to use a directional
antenna and high-gain antenna, and pay attention to the impedance of the
antenna and feeder to match with the Radio GDL20 antenna interface (50
ohms).
We recommend:
Recommend that you use plug-in battery which is more than 12/36Ah,the use
of maintain a regulated current of 10A during the operation.
Recommend that you charge it in time, do not overuse the battery, otherwise it
will reduce battery life.
Recommend that you replace the batteries after six months to a year, to ensure
the radio distance.

- 30 -
 Galaxy G1

§2.4 Mainframe accessories

§2.4.1 Instrument Case

The convenient RTK carrying case is customized for surveying workers; it has
strong abrasive resistance and waterproofness. Meanwhile the unique backpack
design reduces the heavy burden of field work.
The inner layer of the black soft bag is filled with anti-collision foam, the host
and other accessories can be dispersed and embedded; Compact, durable, can
effectively prevent the impact, easy to clean.

Figure 2-26

§2.4.2 Battery and charger

The standard configuration includes two batteries and charger:

The system indicator CHARGE turns red when the battery is being charged, the
only indicator FULL turns green when charging is completed.
Li-ion battery and battery charger:

- 31 -
 Galaxy G1

Figure 2-27 Charger& Adapter

§2.4.3 Differential antennas

Figure 2-28 GPRS antenna& UHF antenna

The differential antennas are as shown above; UHF differential antenna is

needed in UHF built-in radio base station mode and UHF built-in radio rover
station mode.

§2.4.4 Multi-function data line

Radio Y-data line: multi-purpose cable is a "Y"-shaped cable used to connect the

- 32 -
 Galaxy G1
base station mainframe (5-pin red jack), transmitting stations (black jack) and
external battery (red and black clip) for power supply and data transmission.

Figure 2-29 Power Cable

Mainframe multi-function data lines: the role of multi-purpose communications

cable is to connect the receiver to the host computer, for the transmission of
static data and the host firmware upgrade.

Figure 2-30 Data cable

§2.4.5 Other accessories

Other accessories include rover station centering rod, handheld bracket base
point, connectors and measuring tape.
Note: The models and types of instrument accessories will vary with the
instrument upgrade.

- 33 -
Galaxy G1

Chapter 3 Operations
Reading this chapter, you can grasp in detail how to use the G1 measurement to
do system static, RTK operations.
GPS measurement operation scheme refers to the operating scheme used to
determine the relative position between the stations with the help of GPS
technology. Point coordinate precision obtained is not the same; its operating
methods and observation time are also different, thus having different range of
applications. GNSS receiver operating program is divided into two types: static
measurement and RTK dynamic measurement (including the base station and
rover station).
Test environment requirements:
(1) Observation stations (ie, the receiving antenna settlements) should stay
away from high-power radio transmitters and high voltage transmission lines in
order to avoid the magnetic field around the GPS satellite signal interference.
Receiver antenna and its distance shall not be less than 200 m;
(2) Observation stations should not be near to the large area waters or objects
which can strongly reflect (or absorb) electromagnetic wave to weaken the
effects of multi-path;
(3) Observation stations should be located in places where the receiving device
can be installed easily, and good vision available. Elevation angle of obstacles in
view should generally be greater than 10°to 15°, in order to weaken the effects
of troposphere refraction;
(4)Observation stations should be selected in a convenient place, and easy to
use other means of measuring, joint measurement and expansion;
(5) For the long baseline GPS network, should also consider the vicinity good
communication facilities (telephone and telegraph, post and
- 34 -
 Galaxy G1
telecommunications) and power supply, for power between the stations and
equipments.

§3.1 Static operating

§3.1.1 Static Measurements Profile

Static measurements:
GPS positioning measurement by installed three (or more) GNSS receivers to
perform simultaneous observation and determine the relative position between
the stations.

Scope:
The establishment of a national geodetic control network (second or less);
The establishment of precision engineering control network, such as bridge
measurement, tunnel measurements, etc;
The establishment of a variety of encryption control network, such as city
measurements, Drawing Point measurement, road surveying, demarcation
measurements.
For the GPS measurements of small and medium-sized cities, towns, as well as
mapping, cadastral, land information, real estate, geophysical exploration,
surveying, construction and other control measurement, should meet the
accuracy requirements of the D, E grade GPS measurements.

- 35 -
 Galaxy G1

§3.1.2 Operating procedures

Pre-measurement
Project approval
Program design
Construction design
Surveying and mapping data collection and arrangement
Instrument test, test
Reconnaissance, choice of site, buried stone

Measurement
Operating team stationed in
Satellite status Forecast
Observation planning
Dispatch of operation and field work observation

After the measurement

Data transmission, dump, backup,
Baseline Solution and quality control
Network adjustment (data processing, analysis) and quality control
Finishing results, technical summary
Project acceptance

- 36 -
 Galaxy G1

§3.1.3 Field operation notes:

1)Static mode of Galaxy G1 receiver only to set in EGStar software or other

software (Such as Field Genius or SurvCE), please refer to the EGStar manual for
more information.
2)Set up a tripod on the control point, leveling and centering strictly on the
measuring point.
3)Measure the instrument height three times, the difference of the results shall
not be more than 3 mm, and average the results. The instrument height should
be measured from the center of the control point to the mark line on the
instrument.(Refer to §3.4)
4)Record instrument number, point name, instrument height, and start time.
5)Power on, confirm the static mode, the mainframe begins to search satellites
and satellite lights begin to flash. Recording condition reached, the status light
flashes in accordance with the set sampling interval, flashing once indicates the
acquisition of an epoch.
6)After the test, the mainframe shut down, and then begins data transmission
and data processing (data transmission sees Chapter IV, data processing, please
read another manual GPS data processing software operation manual).

§3.1.4 GPS net design

1) GPS net generally constitutes a closed figure by independent observation

edge, such as a triangle, polygon or annexed line, to increase the checking
conditions, and improve the reliability of the network.
2) The points of the GPS network should coincide as close as possible with that

- 37 -
Galaxy G1
of the original ground control network. Coincidence point generally should not
be less than three (should perform leveling conjunction when not enough) and
should be evenly distributed in the network in order to reliably determine the
transformation parameters between the GPS and Ground Networks.
3) The points of the GPS network coinciding with the leveling points should be
considered. Non-coincidence point should generally perform leveling
conjunction method (or methods of equivalent accuracy), or set a certain
density leveling conjunction point in the network, to provide information for
the study of the geoid.
4) In order to facilitate the observation and perform leveling conjunction, GPS
outlets should generally be located in unobscured and easy -to -reach places.
5) In order to facilitate the classical leveling conjunction or extension, emplace
near the outlet a good view orientation point, to establish leveling conjunction
direction. The distance between the point and the station should generally be
greater than 300 meters.
6) According to the different purpose of GPS measurements, the independent
observations edge of GPS network should be certain geometry. The basic forms
of the graph are as follows: triangular network, ring network, stellate network.

§ 3.2 RTK operations (Radio mode)

Real-time dynamic measurements, referred to as RTK.
RTK technology is the real-time dynamic differential carrier phase positioning
technology, combining global satellite navigation and positioning technology
with data communication technology which includes base station and rover
station. Base station transmits the data by radio or network to the rover station,
which will perform differential analysis, thus providing real-time coordinates of
the measurement point in the specified coordinate system.
- 38 -
 Galaxy G1
Depending on the modes of transmission of the differential signal, RTK is
divided into the radio mode and network mode.
This section first describes the radio mode, as shown below:

Figure 3-1 Base mode with External Radio

§3.2.1 Set up the Base Station

Base station shall be set up in the broad view, unobscured and higher places;
avoid the vicinity of the high-voltage power transmission equipment and the
transmitting and receiving antennas of radio communication equipment, the
shade of trees, and the sides of waters, all of which will produce different
degrees of impact on the GPS signal reception and emission of radio signals.

- 39 -
 Galaxy G1
1) The receiver is set to the base station with external radio mode;
2) Set up tripods, the tripod on which to put the radio antenna should be placed
at a higher point, the least distance between the two tripods should be 3metres.
3) fix the base and the base station receiver, (if set at a known point, a strict
leveling should be done), power on the base station receiver.
4) Install the radio transmitting antenna, hang the radio on the tripod, place the
storage battery at the bottom of the radio station.
5) Connect the radio, mainframe and battery with the multi-function cable,
which is a "Y"-shaped cable used to connect the base station mainframe (5-pin
red jack), transmitting radio (black jack) and external battery (red and black
clip).Playing the role of power supply and data-transmission.
Important:
Please check the red dot on the five-pin port when you use the multifunction
cable, aligning the red dot with the red mark on the mainframe will help it
insert easily. Follow the same instruction when connecting to the radio.

§3.2.2 Start the base station

The first time you start the base station, you need to set the start parameters,
set as follows:
1）Connect to the base station with EGStar in the handheld (Refer to §2.2.3)
2）Operation: Config → Instrument Config → Base Setting (the mainframe
should be in base mode)

- 40 -
Galaxy G1

Figure 3-2
3）Set the base station parameters. Normally you only need to set difference
mode（that is Diff.mode） in parameter settings while others using the default

parameters. After setting click , the Base station setting finish.

4）After setting the parameters, click "Start” (in general, the Base station are
arbitrarily set up, Base coordinates do not need to be input)

Figure 3-3
- 41 -
 Galaxy G1

Figure 3-4

Note: If you start the base station successfully the first time, you can directly open
the Base station mainframe and it will operate automatically if you don’t want to
change the configuration.
5）The radio channel setting
Set the radio channel on control panel of the external radio.
 Set the radio channel, there are eight channels to choose from；
 Set the radio power, if the working distance is not far, and interference is
low, you can choose the low power transmitting；
 If the radio is successfully transmitted, the TX indicator will flash at
intervals；

§3.2.3 Set up rover station

After verifying the successful transmitting of the Base station, you can start the
erection of the rover station. The steps are as follows:

- 42 -
 Galaxy G1
1) Set the receiver to the rover station radio mode;
2) Open the rover station mainframe, fix it on the centering rod of the carbon
fiber pole, and screw on the UHF differential antenna;
3）Install the handheld bracket and the handheld；

Figure 3-5 Rover station

§3.2.4 Set rover station

Set the rover station after installing the Rover station to achieve a fixed solution
state, follow these steps:
1）Connect the handheld and the EGStar(see § 2.2.3)
2）Rover station settings: Config → Instrument Config → work mode setting
(switch the mainframe work mode into rover station mode and the data link to
- 43 -
Galaxy G1
be internal radio mode)
3) Channel settings: Config → Radio Config → Radio channel setting, switch the
radio channel to the same with the Base channel;

Figure 3-6

Figure 3-7

- 44 -
Galaxy G1

Setting finished, after the Rover station reaches the fixed solution, you can see
the high-precision coordinates in the handheld. The follow-up new construction
and conversion parameters please refer to the other manual <<EGStar 3.0 User
Manual >>

§3.3 RTK operations（GPRS mode）

The main difference between RTK GPRS mode and Radio mode is the network
transmission of differential data. Therefore the erection is similar to the radio
mode, the setting of EGstar is much different, and the introduction is as follows:

Figure 3-8

- 45 -
 Galaxy G1

§3.3.1 Base and Rover installation

RTK network mode and radio mode is different on the transmission mode, so
the installation is in a similar way, except that:
1) When the Base station is switched to the Base GPRS mode, needn’t to install
external radio, you need to install the GPRS differential antenna;
2) When the Rover station is switched to the Rover GPRS mode, you need to
install the GPRS differential antenna.

§3.3.2 Base and Rover settings

The setting of RTK GPRS Base station is the same with Rover station, you can
first set Base station and then Rover and the steps are as follows:
1) Setup: Config →GPRS Config
2) New network link should be added here, click “Add” to enter the setting
interface.

Figure 3-9

- 46 -
Galaxy G1

Figure 3-10
Note:”Read from module” is a function used to read the stored message in the
system which is set by the receiver via GPRS link. Click “Read from module”, the
previous message will be filled in the “Access” field：
3) Enter the network configuration information in turn, select "Eagle" for the
Base station, in “Access” please enter machine number or customize.
After setting, click "OK." and enter parameter configuration phase. And then
click "OK" to return to the network configuration interface. Then click on
“Connect” button to enter the EGStar initial interface, after connecting to
network, click on “OK” and return to EGStar main interface.

- 47 -
Galaxy G1

Figure 3-11
Note: The Rover station’s connection with CORS is similar to Base GPRS mode,
except the option of VRS-NTRIP, see the picture as below, input the IP and port for
your local CORS network and the assigned username and password, hten click on
“Get Sourcetable” to obtain mountpoints from server, and pick a correct one to
access. Specific procedure please refer to <<EGStar3.0 user manual>>

Figure 3-12

- 48 -
 Galaxy G1

Figure 3-13

§3.3.3 Electronic bubble

1. Start electronic bubble

In the main interface, click the calibration setting button on the top of the
interface, you will enter the setting interface.

Figure 3-14 Main interface

- 49 -
Galaxy G1
Mark on the checkbox of “Bubble” option in the setting interface, click ‘OK’
return to Point survey interface, you can see the electronic bubble on the upper
left of the screen.

Figure 3-15 Calibration setting

2. The use of electronic bubble

3. Swing the carbon fiber pole, until the electronic bubble is centered, the
bubble will turn to green color from red in the meantime, and you can
collect the points now.

- 50 -
 Galaxy G1

Not level Level

Figure 3-16

§3.3.4 Tilt survey

Galaxy G1 supports tilt survey function, but you need acceleration calibration
and magnetic calibration before use.
1. Acceleration calibration
Get into calibration interface by clicking on calibration setting button on the top
of the screen. See the picture as following.

- 51 -
Galaxy G1

Figure 3-17 Main interface

Click “Acceleration” in the calibration setting interface,

Figure 3-18 Calibration setting

In the acceleration calibration interface, make sure the device is level, hold and
click “Begin calibrate” start to calibrate, until it’s finished.

- 52 -
Galaxy G1

Calibrating Calibrated
Figure 3-19
2．Magnetic calibration
In the calibration setting interface, click “Magnetic” to enter the magnetic
calibration interface.

Figure 3-20 Calibraton setting

- 53 -
Galaxy G1
In the megnetic calibration interface, click “Begin calibrate”, then flip and rotate
the G1 according to the sketch map on the left bottom of the screen ( you can
also draw “∞” after G1 is connected to the carbon fiber pole), until the
calibration is finished 100%.

Calibrating Calibrated
Figure 3-21
3． Tilt survey
After you finish the calibration, you can start tilt survey, this function can
correct the slant coordinates to the normal coordinates within 30° angle of
inclination.

§3.4 The antenna height measuring

The antenna height is related to static operations and RTK operations, the
following is the introduction separately.
Antenna height is actually the vertical height of the phase center to ground
- 54 -
Galaxy G1
measurement point, measurement methods of antenna height in dynamic mode
includes pole height, vertical height and slant height;
 Pole height: the height of the centering pole, which can be read from the
pole scale;
 Vertical Height: the vertical height from the ground to the bottom of the
main mainframe + antenna phase center to the bottom of the mainframe;
 Slant height: measure to the middle of the rubber ring, In the hand-held
software, select the antenna height mode to the slant height, then input the
value;
Static mode antenna height measurement: measure from the ground to the
middle of the mainframe rubber ring; select the appropriate type of antenna in
the post-processing software.

Figure 3-22

- 55 -
Galaxy G1

Chapter 4 Connecting to PC
Reading this chapter, you can grasp in detail how to connect Galaxy G1 to the
computer for data transfer, and the mainframe setting.

§4.1 Mainframe data transfer

The receiver document management of Galaxy G1 uses U disc storage, plug and
play, does not need to download the program, directly drag and download. The
multi-function data cable is used to download, connect one end to USB, the
other end to the 7-pin socket at the bottom of the mainframe. After connected,
there will be a new drive on the computer, like a flash disk, can copy the
appropriate file directly.

Figure 4-1

Open the "Removable Disk" you can see the data and system files in the
mainframe memory

Figure 4-2

- 56 -
Galaxy G1
As shown in figure, STH file is the data files acquired by Galaxy G1 mainframe,
the modification time is the end of the data collection time. The original files
can be copied directly to the PC, you can also download INStar to copy data to
PC, using the INStar software to modify the file name and the antenna height,
and the next section will introduce the INStar in detail.

§4.2 INStar Operation

INStar is a multi-functional setting tool, which can perform data transfer,
firmware upgrades, parameter settings, radio settings, network settings,
mainframe register. This tool is simple and easy.
Install INStar to the computer
 Perform “Data Output” and “Parameter settings” via USB port；
 Via serial port, the function options are “Radio Settings, Network Settings,
Receiver Register. Both can do firmware upgrades;
 Important Note
When using USB, you must open INStar first; otherwise it cannot connect to the
mainframe!
INStar is software to help you configure RTK, to communicate INStar with
receivers, you need L997Y \L797Y cable (depends on the receiver) to connect
receivers along with PC.
There are 6 functions.

- 57 -
 Galaxy G1

Figure 4-3
Data Output: to copy static data from receiver (USB port)；
Firmware Update: to upgrade firmware for receiver (COM port)；
Parameter Setting: to configure some basic collection parameters of receiver
(USB port)；
Radio Setting: to configure radio module of receiver (COM port, radio direct-on
mode)；
Network Setting: to configure network module of receiver (COM port, network
direct-on mode)
Receiver Register: to input register code (COM port)；

§4.2.1 Data Output

Power on G1 receiver and run INStar program first, and then connect it to PC
with L797Y USB port, the receiver type and SN will show at the bottom.

- 58 -
Galaxy G1

Figure 4-4
Go into Data Output, you can see the data stored in the receiver. Select the data
you need and output target, then you can output the data in STH format or in
Rinex format.

Figure 4-5

- 59 -
Galaxy G1

§4.2.2 Firmware update

Power off the receiver and connect it to PC with L797Y COM port
Click Browse to find the update firmware

Figure 4-6
Select the right port and baud rate 115200, click on Open button, then power
on the receiver according to the prompt message in message box.

- 60 -
Galaxy G1

Figure 4-7
At this moment, you can see the progress bar grows up during the
programming.

Figure 4-8
After finishing update the firmware, the receiver will restart automatically.

- 61 -
 Galaxy G1

§4.2.3 Parameter setting

As the same with operating on data output, power on the receiver and run
INStar program first, then connect it with L797Y USB port
In Parameter Setting, you can edit the mask angle and sample interval in static
survey and differential message type, data link, whether to record raw data in
dynamic survey.

Figure 4-9

§4.2.4 Radio setting

Power on the receiver and switch it to radio mode, connect to PC through L797Y
COM port, select the right port and baud rate 19200, then click on Open button
you can read the radio frequency and current channel, switch channel, setting
configuration.

- 62 -
 Galaxy G1

Figure 4-10

§4.2.5 Receiver register

Power on the receiver and connect to PC with L797Y COM port, and then input
register 36 bits code directly

Figure 4-11
- 63 -
Galaxy G1

Appendix A Galaxy G1 main technical specifications

GNSS features
220 channels
GPS L1C/A、L1C、L2C、L2E、L5
GLONASS L1C/A、L1P、L2C/A、L2P、L3
SBAS L1C/A、L5（for SBAS satellite supporting L5）
Galileo GIOVE-A and GIOVE-B、E1、E5A、E5B
The whole constellation receiver technology ,support all existing and
planned GNSS constellation signals
Highly reliable carrier tracking technology, greatly improves the accuracy
of the carrier, to provide users with high-quality original observation data
intelligent dynamic sensitivity positioning technology, adapt to a variety of
environmental transformation, suitable for worse, more long-range
positioning environment
High-precision positioning processing engine
Intelligent solutions
Positioning
output 1Hz~50Hz
frequency
initialization
<10 sec
time
Initialization
＞99.99%
reliability
Data Format
Differential
CMR、CMR+、CMRx、RTCM2.1、RTCM2.2、RTCM2.3、
format
RTCM3.0、RTCM3.1,RTCM3.2
support
Output format
NMEA 0183、PJK Horizontal coordinates, binary code
support
GPRS support VRS、FKP、MAC，support NTRIP
Accuracy specifications
Static
Horizontal 2.5mm+0.5ppm RMS
accuracy

- 64 -
Galaxy G1

Static vertical
5mm+0.5ppm RMS
accuracy
RTK
Horizontal 8mm+1ppm RMS
accuracy
RTK vertical
15mm+1ppm RMS
accuracy
Code
differential
0.45m（CEP）
positioning
accuracy
Stand-alone
positioning 1.5m（CEP）
accuracy
Data link communication
Built-in
South transceiver built-in radio, typical operating distance
transmitting
of 5km
Radio
South high-end radio module, SMT assembly, high
integration, and enhance the operational distance of the
UHF data link
radio.
Support, TrimTalk, PCC EOT, South protocol.
GPRS (3G) network communication module,
GPRS data
Internationally accepted, automatic landing network,
link
compatible with various CORS system access
Optional external GPRS dual-mode communication
External data
module, free to switch to adapt to various work
link
environment
Bluetooth Support Bluetooth 4.0 standard, 2.1 + EDR standard
Data storage
4G solid-state flash memory +4G SD card (expandable), data dual card
backup
High-speed USB plug-and-play without installing drivers, directly connect a
computer to transfer data
Input and output interfaces
One external UHF/GPRS antenna interface

- 65 -
Galaxy G1
One five-pin differential data port
One7-pin data transmission port
Electrical, physical characteristics
Battery Single battery capacity 3400mAH ,standard two batteries
Voltage 7.4V
power
2W
consumption
Mainframe
Diameter 129mm, height 112mm
size
weight 0.97kg（battery included）
Operation interface
Button
Visualization, convenient
operation
Indicator 3 indicators
Environmental Characteristics
IP67 standard, protect from temporary immersion to
waterproof
depth of 1m
dustproof IP67 standard, protect from dust
shockproof Survive a 2m free drop
Operating
－45℃~60℃
temperature
Storage
－55℃~85℃
temperature
Table 4-1 specifications

- 66 -
Galaxy G1

Appendix B GDL-20 radio technical specifications

General specifications
Frequency bands 450-470MHz
Channel interval 0.5MHz
Channel transfer rate 19200bps
Channel number 8
Frequency Stability ±2.0ppm
Modulation mode GMSK
Antenna impedance 50Ω
Ambient temperature -25°C～60°C
Humidity 10-90% relative humidity, non-condensing
Receiver Specifications
Receiver sensitivity ≤0.25μV(12dB SINAD)
Adjacent Channel
≥65dB
Selectivity
Modulation signal
≤±5.1KHz
frequency deviation
Intermodulation Rejection
≥65dB
Ratio
Audio distortion ≤3%
Transmitter indicators
RF output power 10W/25W Switchable
Adjacent Channel
≥65dB
Rejection Ratio
Spurious frequency
≤4μW
components
Residual FM ≤-35dB
Remaining AM ≤2%
Carrier frequency
TWO PIN
modulation mode
RS-232 interface

- 67 -
Galaxy G1
rate 19200bps can be set
1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity (parity bit can
Data stream
be set), 1 stop bit
power DC power supply
12-15V, the typical of 13.8V, the voltage of the
voltage power supply will affect the size of the RF
power of the transmitter
Power consumption
Receiver standby current ≤100mA
The machine operating
8A
current of the transmitter
voltage 13.8V
power 15W/25W
Table 4-2

- 68 -
Galaxy G1

Appendix C Technical Terms

Ambiguity: unknown quantity is the integer number of cycles of the carrier

phase measured from the satellite to the receiver.
Baseline: The connection line of the two measurement points, on which to
receive GPS signals and collect observation data simultaneously.
Broadcast ephemeris: message released by the satellite demodulator satellite
orbit parameters.
SNR (Signal-to-noise ratio): an endpoint signal power to noise power ratio.
Cycle skipping: interfere loop skips a few cycles from a balanced point, and
stabilize in the new equilibrium point, this make the phase integer number of
cycles to generate an error.
Carrier: As the carrier, Frequency, amplitude or phase modulation of the
modulated wave by a known reference value.
C / A code: GPS coarse / acquisition code, modulate the pseudo-random binary
code for the 1023 bit duplex, the bit rate of which is 023MHz, and code
repetition period of 1ms.
Difference measurement: GPS measurements employ cross-satellite
cross-receiver and cross-epoch.
Difference Positioning: the method of determining the relative coordinates
between two or more receiver by tracking the same GPS signal.
Geometric dilution of precision: Describe the contribution of satellite geometry
errors factor in dynamic positioning
a2  b2
e
Eccentricity: b2 where a, b of the semi-major axis and semi-minor
axis.
Ellipsoid: mathematical graphics formed when an ellipse moves around the
minor axis of rotation in Geodetic Survey.
Ephemeris: the position of celestial bodies over time parameters.

f1
ab 1 
 1 e
2

Flattening: a
a is the semi-major axis, b is the semi-minor axis, e is the eccentricity.
Geoid: similar to the mean sea level and extends to the mainland special planes.
Geoid everywhere perpendicular to the direction of gravity.
Ionosphere delay: delay of radio waves through the ionosphere (non-uniform
dispersion medium)

- 69 -
Galaxy G1
L-band: The radio frequency range of 390-1550MHz.
Multipath error: the positioning error caused by the interference between two
or more radio signal propagation path.
Observing session: the use of two or more receivers at the same time to collect
GPS data period.
Pseudo Range: GPS receiver in the time required to copy the code aligned with
the received GPS code offset and multiplied by the speed of light to calculate the
distance. This time offset is the difference between the signal reception time
(time series of the receiver) and the signal emission time (satellite time series).
Receiver channel: GPS receiver RF mixer and IF channel, can receive and track
satellites two carrier signals.
Satellite configuration: the configuration status of the satellite with respect to a
specific user or a group of users within a specific time.
Static position: do not consider the point of measurement of the movement of
the receiver.

- 70 -