Grade 8 Principle of Design
Grade 8 Principle of Design
Grade 8 Principle of Design
Section: Score:
Concept Notes:
Principles of Design
1. Harmony
Harmony is the Law of Unity with variety. This principle infers repetition of line, form, shape and size.
2. Proportion
Pertains to the relationship in size between a part and the whole.
3. Balance
May be produced in two ways, either formal or informal. Formal balance or symmetry has equal color, shape,
and size on either side of a design. While the informal occult has unequal proportion.
4. Rhythm
It is a smooth related movement. Pattern and line carry the eyes along without jerky motion. The eye
automatically connects points in space.
5. Emphasis
The eye is carried first to the most important part of the design and then to the other details in order of their
importance. This referred to as the center of interest of a design.
Elements of design
1. Line
Skeleton or basic foundation sketch to direct the eye vertically or horizontally.
2. Texture
Refers to the surface appearance which is either rough or smooth, dull or glossy, thick or thin
3. Color
Color may be cool, warm, bright or dull. Choosing the right color will greatly affect the appearance of your
finished project.
Primary Colors:
Red, yellow and blue. In traditional color theory (used in paint and pigments), primary colors are the 3 pigment colors
that cannot be mixed or formed by any combination of other colors. All other colors are derived from these 3 hues.
Secondary Colors:
Green, orange and purple. These are the colors formed by mixing the primary colors.
Tertiary Colors: Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green & yellow-green. These are the colors
formed by mixing a primary and a secondary color. That's why the hue is a two word name, such as blue-green, red-
violet, and yellow-orange.
Color scheme
A. Related Colors
1. Monochromatic Harmony -One color of different shade
2. Analogous Harmony - Three neighboring colors, one of which is dominant
B. Contrasting Colors
Questions:
I. Direction: Classify the following colors write PC for Primary color, SC for Secondary color and TC for Tertiary
color. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. Blue
2. Blue-violet
3. Green
4. Orange
5. Red
6. Red-violet
7. Violet
8. Yellow
9. Yellow- orange
10. Yellow-Green