C2 Trigonometry

1. June 2010 qu. 5

The diagram shows two congruent triangles, BCD and BAE, where ABC is a straight line. In
triangle BCD, BD = 8 cm, CD = 11 cm and angle CBD = 65°. The points E and D are joined by an
arc of a circle with centre B and radius 8 cm.

(i) Find angle BCD. [2]

(ii) (a) Show that angle EBD is 0.873 radians, correct to 3 significant figures. [2]

(b) Hence find the area of the shaded segment bounded by the chord ED and the arc ED,
giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures. [4]

2. June 2010 qu.7

sin 2 x − cos 2 x
(i) Show that ≡ tan 2 x − 1 . [2]
1 − sin 2 x

sin 2 x − cos 2 x
(ii) Hence solve the equation = 5 – tan x, for 0° ≤ x ≤ 360°. [6]
1 − sin 2 x

3. Jan 2010 qu.1

(i) Show that the equation 2 sin2 x = 5 cos x – 1

can be expressed in the form 2 cos2 x + 5 cos x – 3 = 0. [2]

(ii) Hence solve the equation 2 sin2 x = 5 cos x – 1,

giving all values of x between 0° and 360°. [4]

4. Jan 2010 qu.7

 The diagram shows triangle ABC, with AB = 10 cm, BC = 13 cm and CA = 14 cm. E and F are
points on AB and AC respectively such that AE = AF = 4 cm. The sector AEF of a circle with
centre A is removed to leave the shaded region EBCF.

(i) Show that angle CAB is 1.10 radians, correct to 3 significant figures. [2]

(ii) Find the perimeter of the shaded region EBCF. [3]

(iii) Find the area of the shaded region EBCF. [5]

5. June 2009 qu.1

The lengths of the three sides of a triangle are 6.4 cm, 7.0 cm and 11.3 cm.

(i) Find the largest angle in the triangle. [3]

(ii) Find the area of the triangle. [2]

6. June 2009 qu.5

Solve each of the following equations for 0° ≤ x ≤ 180°.

(i) sin 2x = 0.5 [3] (ii) 2 sin2 x = 2 – 3 cos x [5]

7. June 2009 qu.8

Fig. 1

Fig. 1 shows a sector AOB of a circle, centre O and radius OA. The angle AOB is 1.2 radians and
the area of the sector is 60 cm2.

(i) Find the perimeter of the sector. [4]

A pattern on a T-shirt, the start of which is shown in Fig. 2, consists of a sequence of similar
sectors. The first sector in the pattern is sector AOB from Fig. 1, and the area of each successive
3
sector is of the area of the previous one.
5
 Fig. 2

(ii) (a) Find the area of the fifth sector in the pattern. [2]

(b) Find the total area of the first ten sectors in the pattern. [2]

(c) Explain why the total area will never exceed a certain limit, no matter how many
sectors are used, and state the value of this limit. [3]

8. Jan 2009 qu.2

The diagram shows a sector OAB of a circle, centre O and radius 7 cm. The angle AOB is 140°.

(i) Express 140° in radians, giving your answer in an exact form as simply as possible. [2]

(ii) Find the perimeter of the segment shaded in the diagram, giving your answer correct to 3
significant figures. [4]

9. Jan 2009 qu.5

Some walkers see a tower, T, in the distance and want to know how far away it is. They take a
bearing from a point A and then walk for 50m in a straight line before taking another bearing from
a point B.
They find that angle TAB is 70° and angle TBA is 107° (see diagram).
(i) Find the distance of the tower from A. [2]

(ii) They continue walking in the same direction for another 100m to a point C, so that AC is
150 m. What is the distance of the tower from C? [3]

(iii) Find the shortest distance of the walkers from the tower as they walk from A to C. [2]
10. Jan 2009 qu.9

(i) The polynomial f(x) is defined by f(x) = x3 – x2 – 3x + 3.

Show that x = 1 is a root of the equation f(x) = 0, and hence find the other two roots. [6]

(ii) Hence solve the equation tan3 x – tan2 x – 3 tan x + 3 = 0

for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π. Give each solution for x in an exact form. [6]

11. June 2008 qu.3

The diagram shows a sector AOB of a circle with centre O and radius 8 cm. The area of the sector
is 48 cm2.

(i) Find angle AOB, giving your answer in radians. [2]

(ii) Find the area of the segment bounded by the arc AB and the chord AB. [3]

12. June 2008 qu.6

In the diagram, a lifeboat station is at point A. A distress call is received and the lifeboat travels 15
km on a bearing of 030º to point B. A second call is received and the lifeboat then travels
27 km on a bearing of 110º to arrive at point C. The lifeboat then travels back to the station at A.

(i) Show that angle ABC is 100º. [1]

(ii) Find the distance that the lifeboat has to travel to get from C back to A. [2]

(iii) Find the bearing on which the lifeboat has to travel to get from C to A. [4]

13. June 2008 qu.9

(a) (i) Show that the equation 2 sin x tan x − 5 = cos x

can be expressed in the form 3 cos2 x + 5cos x − 2 = 0. [3]

 (ii) Hence solve the equation 2 sin x tan x − 5 = cos x,

giving all values of x, in radians, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π. [4]

(b) Use the trapezium rule, with four strips each of width 0.25, to find an approximate value for
1
∫ cos x dx,
0
where x is in radians. Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
[4]

14. Jan 2008 qu.1

The diagram shows a sector AOB of a circle with centre O and radius 11 cm. The angle AOB is 0.7
radians. Find the area of the segment shaded in the diagram. [4]

15. Jan 2008 qu.4

In the diagram, angle BDC = 50º and angle BCD = 62º. It is given that AB = 10 cm, AD = 20 cm
and BC = 16 cm.

(i) Find the length of BD. [2] (ii) Find angle BAD. [3]

16. Jan 2008 qu.9

(i) Fig. 1 shows the curve y = 2 sin x for values of x such that −180º ≤ x ≤ 180º. State the
coordinates of the maximum and minimum points on this part of the curve. [2]
 (ii)

Fig. 2 shows the curve y = 2 sin x and the line y = k. The smallest positive solution
of the equation 2 sin x = k is denoted by α. State, in terms of α, and in the range
−180º ≤ x ≤ 180º,

(a) another solution of the equation 2 sin x = k, [1]

(b) one solution of the equation 2 sin x = −k. [1]

(iii) Find the x-coordinates of the points where the curve y = 2 sin x intersects the curve
y = 2 − 3cos2 x, for values of x such that −180º ≤ x ≤ 180º. [6]

17. June 2007 qu.5

(i) Show that the equation 3cos2 θ = sin θ + 1

can be expressed in the form 3sin2 θ + sin θ – 2 = 0. [2]

(ii) Hence solve the equation 3cos2 θ = sin θ + 1, giving all values of θ between 0° and 360°. [5]

18. June 2007 qu.8

0.9 rad
A C
D

The diagram shows a triangle ABC, where angle BAC is 0.9 radians. BAD is a sector of the circle
with centre A and radius AB.

(i) The area of the sector BAD is 16.2 cm2. Show that the length of AB is 6 cm. [2]

(ii) The area of triangle ABC is twice the area of sector BAD. Find the length of AC. [3]

(iii) Find the perimeter of the region BCD. [6]

19. Jan 2007 qu.2

The diagram shows a sector OAB of a circle, centre O and

radius 8 cm. The angle AOB is 46 .

(i) Express 46° in radians, correct to 3 significant figures. [2]

(ii) Find the length of the arc AB. [1]

(iii) Find the area of the sector OAB. [2]

20. Jan 2007 qu.4

In a triangle ABC, AB = 5 2 cm, BC = 8 cm and angle B = 60°.

(i) Find the exact area of the triangle, giving your answer as simply as possible. [3]

(ii) Find the length of AC, correct to 3 significant figures. [3]

21. Jan 2007 qu.7

(i) (a) Sketch the graph of y = 2 cos x for values of x such that 0° ≤ x ≤ 360°, indicating the
coordinates of any points where the curve meets the axes. [2]

(b) Solve the equation2 cos x = 0.8, giving all values of x between 0° and 360°. [3]

(ii) Solve the equation 2 cos x = sin x, giving all values of x between −180° and 180°. [3]

22. June 2006 qu.5

Solve each of the following equations, for 0° ≤ x ≤ 180°.

(i) 2sin2x = 1 + cos x. [4]

(ii) sin 2x = – cos 2x. [4]

23. June 2006 qu.7

The diagram shows a triangle ABC,

and a sector ACD of a circle with centre A.
It is given that AB = 11 cm, BC = 8 cm,
angle ABC = 0.8 radians and angle DAC = 1.7 radians.
The shaded segment is bounded by the line DC
and the arc DC.

(i) Show that the length of AC is 7.90 cm, correct to 3 significant figures. [3]

(ii) Find the area of the shaded segment. [3]

(iii) Find the perimeter of the shaded segment. [4]

24. Jan 2006 qu.2

Triangle ABC has AB = 10 cm, BC = 7 cm and angle B = 80°. Calculate

(i) the area of the triangle, [2] (ii) the length of CA, [2]

(iii) the size of angle C. [2]

25. Jan 2006 qu.4

The diagram shows a sector OAB of a circle

with centre O. The angle AOB is 1.8 radians.
The points C and D lie on OA and OB respectively.
It is given that OA = OB = 20 cm and
OC = OD = 15 cm.
The shaded region is bounded by the arcs AB and CD
and by the lines CA and DB.

(i) Find the perimeter of the shaded region. [3]

(ii) Find the area of the shaded region. [3]

26. Jan 2006 qu.9

(i) Sketch, on a single diagram showing values of x from –180° to +180°, the graphs of
y = tan x and y = 4 cos x. [3]

The equation tan x = 4 cos x

has two roots in the interval –180° ≤ x ≤ 180°. These are denoted by α and β, where α < β.

(ii) Show α and β on your sketch, and express β in terms of α. [3]

(iii) Show that the equation tan x = 4 cos x may be written as 4 sin2x + sin x – 4 = 0.

Hence find the value of β – α, correct to the nearest degree. [6]

27. June 2005 qu.2

12 cm

A B
36 cm2

r cm

A sector OAB of a circle of radius r cm has angle θ radians. The length of the arc of the sector is 12
cm and the area of the sector is 36 cm2 (see diagram).

(i) Write down two equations involving r and θ. [2]

(ii) Hence show that r = 6, and state the value of θ. [2]

(iii) Find the area of the segment bounded by the arc AB and the chord AB. [3]
28. June 2005 qu.4

A D

9
5 15

B 6 C

In the diagram, ABCD is a quadrilateral in which AD is parallel to BC. It is given that AB = 9, BC

= 6, CA = 5 and CD = 15.

(i) Show that cos BCA = – 13 , and hence find the value of sin BCA. [4]

(ii) Find the angle ADC correct to the nearest 0.1°. [4]

29. June 2005 qu.9

(a) (i) Write down the exact values of cos 16 π and tan 13 π (where the angles are in

radians). Hence verify that x = 16 π a solution of the equation 2 cos x = tan 2x. [3]

(ii) Sketch, on a single diagram, the graphs of y = 2 cos x and y = tan 2x, for x (radians)
such that 0 ≤ x ≤ π. Hence state, in terms of π, the other values of x between 0 and π
satisfying the equation 2 cos x = tan 2x. [4]

(b) (i) Use the trapezium rule, with 3 strips, to find an approximate value for the area of the
region bounded by the curve y = tan x, the x-axis, and the lines x = 0.1 and
x = 0.4. (Values of x are in radians.) [4]

(ii) State with a reason whether this approximation is an underestimate or an

overestimate. [1]