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    Notes On Aristotle and Plato

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    Rogelio Barreto
    This document discusses the Islamic concept of knowledge and compares it to the views of Plato and Aristotle. It explains that the Islamic concept sees knowledge as awareness of the true reality or essence of things. It then describes Plato's view that true knowledge comes from eternal forms or ideas, and Aristotle's view that knowledge comes from empirical experience and logic. Both Plato and Aristotle are considered idealists, who believe that the world of ideas is more real than the material world. The document concludes by noting some similarities and differences between the idealist and realist perspectives on education.

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    Notes On Aristotle and Plato

    Uploaded by

    Rogelio Barreto
    77 views4 pages
    This document discusses the Islamic concept of knowledge and compares it to the views of Plato and Aristotle. It explains that the Islamic concept sees knowledge as awareness of the true reality or essence of things. It then describes Plato's view that true knowledge comes from eternal forms or ideas, and Aristotle's view that knowledge comes from empirical experience and logic. Both Plato and Aristotle are considered idealists, who believe that the world of ideas is more real than the material world. The document concludes by noting some similarities and differences between the idealist and realist perspectives on education.

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    This document discusses the Islamic concept of knowledge and compares it to the views of Plato and Aristotle. It explains that the Islamic concept sees knowledge as awareness of the true reality or essence of things. It then describes Plato's view that true knowledge comes from eternal forms or ideas, and Aristotle's view that knowledge comes from empirical experience and logic. Both Plato and Aristotle are considered idealists, who believe that the world of ideas is more real than the material world. The document concludes by noting some similarities and differences between the idealist and realist perspectives on education.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    77 views4 pages

    Notes On Aristotle and Plato

    Uploaded by

    Rogelio Barreto
    This document discusses the Islamic concept of knowledge and compares it to the views of Plato and Aristotle. It explains that the Islamic concept sees knowledge as awareness of the true reality or essence of things. It then describes Plato's view that true knowledge comes from eternal forms or ideas, and Aristotle's view that knowledge comes from empirical experience and logic. Both Plato and Aristotle are considered idealists, who believe that the world of ideas is more real than the material world. The document concludes by noting some similarities and differences between the idealist and realist perspectives on education.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    TOPIC:-Issue on the co-relation between Islamic

    concept of knowledge & the views of idealism led by


    Plato and Aristotle
    By AYSHA MOHD SHARIF

    PLATO AND ARISTOTOLE & ISLAMIC CONCEPT OF KNOWLEDGE

    The theory of knowledge (Epistemology) is the philosophical study of the nature, scope

    and limitation of what constitutes knowledge, its acquisition and analysis. The

    fundamental issue that remains unsolved in epistemology is the definition of knowledge.

    Philosophers are divided on this issue with some analyzing it as justified true beliefs

    while others differ and say that justified true belief does not constitute knowledge.

    Islamic concept of knowledge is the awareness of a thing with reference to its reality. So

    knowledge is that theorem or proposition which consists in knowing an object reality

    existent in eternity. The concept of knowledge in Islam can be seen in the light of Surah

    Al Alaq. These are the five verses that contain the note of knowledge. Man knew nothing

    but now he was blessed with knowledge. He started knowing the reality of the things. He

    was brought to light from the dark and deep ditch of ignorance. It was light of awareness

    that was conferred upon him. Knowledge is, in truth, a journey towards light and

    enlightenment. There are six aspects of the concept of knowledge. They are knowledge,

    the objective of knowledge, syllabus, the outcome of knowledge, the means of

    knowledge and the scope of knowledge. BUT Aristotle and Plato had different theories of
    knowledge. Plato who is an astute and important philosopher appreciated that all Truth

    comes from Reality and this Truth was profoundly important to the future of Humanity.

    Before Plato, there were some other philosophers that had made some remarks about the

    theory of knowledge especially Socrates. However, Plato has been credited with the

    origin of the theory of knowledge as it was found in his conversations. His theory of

    knowledge closely intertwined with his theory of forms (ideas), envisaged that there were

    two essential characteristics of knowledge. Aristotle theory of knowledge was based on

    his strong belief in Logic. He developed the principles of reasoning. He argued that the

    possibility of error forces the mind to determine the truth validity of a given statement.

    Aristotle differed with Plato in his theory of Knowledge. He believed that experience

    showed that individual substances exist and a predicated of the substance and that an

    individual is not produced by some idea or model, as opposed to what Plato thought, but

    by fellow individuals of the same species. His theory of knowledge was based on

    empirical evidence as opposed to Plato who was an idealist. "Idealism" is metaphysical

    that a world of material objects containing no thought either could not exist as it is

    experienced, or would not be fully "real. Fundamental principles of Idealism are (1) Idea

    is real,(2) Man is supreme creation, (3) God is the source of all knowledge(4) Values are

    Absolute. Idealists conceive of people as thinking beings that have minds capable of

    seeking truth through reasoning. They see people as beings that breathe, eat, and sleep,

    but above all as thinking beings whose thoughts can range from the ridiculous to the sub-

    lime. For example, Plato believed that the lowest kind of thinking should be called mere

    opinion. Idealists generally agree that education should not only stress development of

    the mind but also encourage students to focus on all things of lasting value. Along with
    Plato, they believe that the aim of education should be directed toward the search for true

    ideas. Another important idealist aim is character development because the search for

    truth demands personal discipline and steadfast character. This aim is prevalent in the

    writings of Kant, Harris, Horne, Gentile, and others. Augustine, a Neoplatonist, agreed

    with Plato that the highest aim is a search for the truth, but he believed even more

    strongly than Plato that truth has overwhelming spiritual implications. According to

    Augustine, the search for truth is a search for God, and a true education leads one to God.

    Because God is pure idea, God can be reached only through contemplation of ideas;

    therefore, a true education is concerned with ideas rather than matter.

    CO-RELATION

    Co-relation between idealism and realism is that they both are classic but two different

    doctrines of education. One is symbolist (Idealist) and the other is materialistic (realism)

    The source of knowledge in idealism is taken from the past literature that is usually

    abstract type of knowledge stressing the concept of supernatural (Metaphysical)

    phenomenon where the idealists focus upon the picture of an object in one’s ideas. The

    teacher in the idealistic approach is autocratic who has more knowledge and pedagogical

    strength then the pupil. On the other hand the idealism has fully stressed upon the objects

    and their ideas on the human mind. Both the philosophies have to well furnish the

    students’ cognitive strength that is useful to prepare him for the life and its challenges.

    The teacher in idealism has to face the pupil and to engage him in the discussion in

    his/her selected topic. This method is known as ‘Debate’ or Socratic Method. Realists

    support the lecture method and other formal ways of teaching. The learning experiences

    or content in the idealism is chosen situational regarding the need of the learner where in
    the idealism these learning experiences are chosen from the literature that have been

    written by the great philosophers in the past. The learner in the realistic approach is a

    passive factor. The learner has to inculcate as much as he/she can and also can express

    his inculcated knowledge.

    Therefore, Education is the process of bringing the truths to the

    surface, and because many of the truths are directly related to God, according to many

    religious realists, education can also be a process of salvation. Thus, education can be per

    formed through the dialectic, contemplation, intuition, and other ways to bring out truths

    already possessed by the soul. Even today, many religious institutions practice such an

    approach as a part of students’ education, and they set aside a portion of time for students

    to meditate on ultimate meanings.

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