Scribd
Upload
45 views3 pages

I. Series Connection Ii. Parallel Connection: Interconnections of Linear Time Invariant Systems

The document describes the interconnections of linear time invariant systems through series and parallel connections. For a series connection, the transfer function of the overall system is the product of the individual transfer functions, and the state space model expresses the states as a vector with the individual system states. For a parallel connection, the transfer function is the sum of the individual transfer functions, and the state space model evolves the states independently with their outputs summed.

Uploaded by

Divy Kumar Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
45 views3 pages

I. Series Connection Ii. Parallel Connection: Interconnections of Linear Time Invariant Systems

The document describes the interconnections of linear time invariant systems through series and parallel connections. For a series connection, the transfer function of the overall system is the product of the individual transfer functions, and the state space model expresses the states as a vector with the individual system states. For a parallel connection, the transfer function is the sum of the individual transfer functions, and the state space model evolves the states independently with their outputs summed.

Uploaded by

Divy Kumar Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Interconnections of Linear Time Invariant Systems

i. Series Connection
ii. Parallel Connection

Suppose we are given two systems S1 and S2. Their state space
models are

 
x1 (t )  A1 x1 (t )  B1u1 (t ) x2 (t )  A2 x2 (t )  B2 u2 (t )
y1 (t )  C1 x1 (t )  D1u1 (t ) y 2 (t )  C2 x2 (t )  D2 u2 (t )

Their transfer functions are

G1(s) and G2(s)

a) Series Connection

u = u1 y1 = u2 y = y2
u = u1
u = u1 S1 S2

Find the transfer function and the state space models of the
overall system
Transfer Function

y(s) = G2(s)u2(s) = G2(s)G1(s) u(s)

G(s) = G2(s)G1(s)

State Space

For the interconnected system, the vector x = [x1 x2]T qualifies


as a state.

We therefore want to express the state equations in terms of x



x1  A1 x1  B1u1  A1 x1  B1u

x2  A2 x2  B2 u2  A2 x2  B2 (C1 x1  D1u )

x2  B2 C1 x1  A2 x2  B2 D1u

In matrix form

  A 0   x1   B1 
 x1    1  u
 x   B2C1 A2   x2   B2 D1 
 2

x 
y  D2C1 C2  1   D2 D1u
 x2 
ii) Parallel Connection
y1
S1
u y

S2
y2

Transfer Function Model

y(s) = y1(s) + y2(s)


= G1(s)u(s) + G2(s)u(s)
= (G1(s)+ G2(s))u(s)

G(s) = G1(s) + G2(s)

State Space Model



x1  A1 x1  B1u

x 2  A2 x 2  B2 u

y = y1 + y2 = C1x1 +D1u+ C2x2 +D2u


= C1x1 + C2x2 +(D1+ D2)u
In matrix form
   A 0   x1   B1 
 x1    1  u
x   0 A2   x2   B2 
 2
x 
y  C1 C2  1   D1  D2 u
 x2 

You might also like