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T 500 140 C/2 320 C 600K: + 7832 KG/M, C 559 J/KG K, K 48.8 W/M K.

The document describes a problem where a solid steel sphere coated with a dielectric layer is initially at a uniform temperature and then quenched in an oil bath. It provides the properties of the steel, assumptions made, and analyzes the thermal resistance and time required for the sphere to reach 140°C using the lumped capacitance method and relevant equations.

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Joao Silva
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29 views1 page

T 500 140 C/2 320 C 600K: + 7832 KG/M, C 559 J/KG K, K 48.8 W/M K.

The document describes a problem where a solid steel sphere coated with a dielectric layer is initially at a uniform temperature and then quenched in an oil bath. It provides the properties of the steel, assumptions made, and analyzes the thermal resistance and time required for the sphere to reach 140°C using the lumped capacitance method and relevant equations.

Uploaded by

Joao Silva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PROBLEM 5.

8
KNOWN: Solid steel sphere (AISI 1010), coated with dielectric layer of prescribed thickness and
thermal conductivity. Coated sphere, initially at uniform temperature, is suddenly quenched in an oil
bath.
FIND: Time required for sphere to reach 140°C.
SCHEMATIC:

D
(
PROPERTIES: Table A-1, AISI 1010 Steel T = [500 + 140] C/2 = 320DC ≈ 600K : )
ρ = 7832 kg/m3 , c = 559 J/kg ⋅ K, k = 48.8 W/m ⋅ K.
ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Steel sphere is space-wise isothermal, (2) Dielectric layer has negligible
thermal capacitance compared to steel sphere, (3) Layer is thin compared to radius of sphere, (4)
Constant properties, (5) Neglect contact resistance between steel and coating.
ANALYSIS: The thermal resistance to heat transfer from the sphere is due to the dielectric layer and
the convection coefficient. That is,
A 1 0.002m 1 m2 ⋅ K
R ′′ = + = + = ( 0.050 + 0.0003) = 0.0503 ,
k h 0.04 W/m ⋅ K 3300 W/m 2 ⋅ K W
or in terms of an overall coefficient, U = 1/R ′′ = 19.88 W/m 2 ⋅ K. The effective Biot number is
ULc U ( ro / 3) 19.88 W/m ⋅ K × ( 0.300 / 6 ) m
2
Bie = = = = 0.0204
k k 48.8 W/m ⋅ K
where the characteristic length is Lc = ro/3 for the sphere. Since Bie < 0.1, the lumped capacitance
approach is applicable. Hence, Eq. 5.5 is appropriate with h replaced by U,
ρc ⎡ V ⎤ θ i ρ c ⎡ V ⎤ T ( 0 ) − T∞
t= ⎢ ⎥ ln = ⎢ ⎥ ln .
U ⎣ As ⎦ θ o U ⎣ As ⎦ T ( t ) − T∞
Substituting numerical values with (V/As) = ro/3 = D/6,
7832 kg/m3 × 559 J/kg ⋅ K 0.300m
t=
( 500 − 100 )D C
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎥ ln
19.88 W/m 2 ⋅ K ⎣ 6 ⎦ (140 − 100 )D C

t = 25,358s = 7.04h. <


COMMENTS: (1) Note from calculation of R ′′ that the resistance of the dielectric layer dominates
and therefore nearly all the temperature drop occurs across the layer.

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