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Universidad Católica Santa María: Facultad de Ciencias e Ingenierías Físicas y Formales

The document discusses a laboratory assignment on symbolic mathematics. It provides 9 problems for students to solve using symbolic mathematics in Matlab. The problems include: [1] calculating the inverse of a matrix; [2] multiplying two polynomials; [3] solving algebraic equations; [4] taking derivatives; [5] evaluating integrals; [6] discussing the Laplace transform and its uses; [7] finding the Laplace transform of functions. It concludes with a final questionnaire asking students to: [1] graph and check a solution to a differential equation; [2] calculate a partial derivative; [3] evaluate a limit; [4] evaluate an integral.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
77 views17 pages

Universidad Católica Santa María: Facultad de Ciencias e Ingenierías Físicas y Formales

The document discusses a laboratory assignment on symbolic mathematics. It provides 9 problems for students to solve using symbolic mathematics in Matlab. The problems include: [1] calculating the inverse of a matrix; [2] multiplying two polynomials; [3] solving algebraic equations; [4] taking derivatives; [5] evaluating integrals; [6] discussing the Laplace transform and its uses; [7] finding the Laplace transform of functions. It concludes with a final questionnaire asking students to: [1] graph and check a solution to a differential equation; [2] calculate a partial derivative; [3] evaluate a limit; [4] evaluate an integral.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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“Universidad Católica Santa María”

EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA Y PROFESIONAL

Facultad de Ciencias e Ingenierías Físicas y Formales

Programa Profesional de
Ingeniería Mecánica, MECANICA
ELECTRICa y mecatronica

Curso: mecánica computaciónal ii

Tema: matemática simbólica

Alumnos:
 SALAZAR PAREDES JORGE JOSE
 ZEBALLOS CHOQUE JULIO CESAR

SEMESTRE:
PAR 2010.

AREQUIPA- 2010
LABORATORIO N° 5

MATEMATICA SIMBOLICA

I. PROCEDIMIENTO

1. En Matlab, ejecute la siguiente sentencia


>>help symbolic <ent> Copie el resultado y consérvelo para su posterior uso en el
desarrollo de la práctica.

Calculus.
diff - Differentiate.
int - Integrate.
limit - Limit.
taylor - Taylor series.
jacobian - Jacobian matrix.
symsum - Summation of series.

Linear Algebra.
diag - Create or extract diagonals.
triu - Upper triangle.
tril - Lower triangle.
inv - Matrix inverse.
det - Determinant.
rank - Rank.
rref - Reduced row echelon form.
null - Basis for null space.
colspace - Basis for column space.
eig - Eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
svd - Singular values and singular vectors.
jordan - Jordan canonical (normal) form.
poly - Characteristic polynomial.
expm - Matrix exponential.
mldivide - \ matrix left division.
mpower - ^ matrix power.
mrdivide - / matrix right division.
mtimes - * matrix multiplication.
transpose - .' matrix transpose.
ctranspose - ' matrix complex conjugate transpose.

Simplification.
simplify - Simplify.
expand - Expand.
factor - Factor.
collect - Collect.
simple - Search for shortest form.
numden - Numerator and denominator.
horner - Nested polynomial representation.
subexpr - Rewrite in terms of subexpressions.
coeffs - Coefficients of a multivariate polynomial.
sort - Sort symbolic vectors or polynomials.
subs - Symbolic substitution.

Solution of Equations.
solve - Symbolic solution of algebraic equations.
dsolve - Symbolic solution of differential equations.
finverse - Functional inverse.
compose - Functional composition.

Variable Precision Arithmetic.


vpa - Variable precision arithmetic.
digits - Set variable precision accuracy.

Integral Transforms.
fourier - Fourier transform.
laplace - Laplace transform.
ztrans - Z transform.
ifourier - Inverse Fourier transform.
ilaplace - Inverse Laplace transform.
iztrans - Inverse Z transform.

Conversions.
double - Convert symbolic matrix to double.
single - Convert symbolic matrix to single precision.
poly2sym - Coefficient vector to symbolic polynomial.
sym2poly - Symbolic polynomial to coefficient vector.
char - Convert sym object to string.
int8 - Convert to signed 8-bit integers.
int16 - Convert to signed 16-bit integers.
int32 - Convert to signed 32-bit integers.
int64 - Convert to signed 64-bit integers.
uint8 - Convert to unsigned 8-bit integers.
uint16 - Convert to unsigned 16-bit integers.
uint32 - Convert to unsigned 32-bit integers.
uint64 - Convert to unsigned 64-bit integers.

Symbolic Operations.
sym - Create symbolic object.
syms - Short-cut for constructing symbolic objects.
findsym - Determine symbolic variables.
pretty - Pretty print a symbolic expression.
latex - LaTeX representation of a symbolic expression.
texlabel - Produces the TeX format from a character string.
ccode - C code representation of a symbolic expression.
fortran - FORTRAN representation of a symbolic expression.

Arithmetic and Algebraic Operations.


plus - + addition.
minus - - subtraction.
uminus - - negation.
times - .* array multiplication.
ldivide - \ left division.
rdivide - / right division.
power - .^ array power.
abs - Absolute value.
ceil - Ceiling.
conj - Conjugate.
colon - Colon operator.
fix - Integer part.
floor - Floor.
frac - Fractional part.
mod - Mod.
round - Round.
quorem - Quotient and remainder.
imag - Imaginary part.
real - real part.
exp - Exponential.
log - Natural logarithm.
log10 - Common logarithm.
log2 - Base-2 logarithm.
sqrt - Square root.
prod - Product of the elements.
sum - Sum of the elements.

Logical Operations.
isreal - True for real array
eq - Equality test.
ne - Inequality test.

Special Functions.
besseli - Bessel function, I.
besselj - Bessel function, J.
besselk - Bessel function, K.
bessely - Bessel function, Y.
erf - Error function.
sinint - Sine integral.
cosint - Cosine integral.
zeta - Riemann zeta function.
gamma - Symbolic gamma function.
gcd - Greatest common divisor.
lcm - Least common multiple.
hypergeom - Generalized hypergeometric function.
lambertw - Lambert W function.
dirac - Delta function.
heaviside - Step function.

Trigonometric Functions.

acos - Inverse cosine.


acosh - Inverse hyperbolic cosine.
acot - Inverse cotangent.
acoth - Inverse hyperbolic cotangent.
acsc - Inverse cosecant.
acsch - Inverse hyperbolic cosecant.
asec - Inverse secant.
asech - Inverse hyperbolic secant.
asin - Inverse sine.
asinh - Inverse hyperbolic sine.
atan - Inverse tangent.
atanh - Inverse hyperbolic tangent.
cos - Cosine function.
cosh - Hyperbolic cosine.
cot - Cotangent.
coth - Hyperbolic cotangent.
csc - Cosecant.
csch - Hyperbolic cosecant.
sec - Secant.
sech - Hyperbolic secant.
sin - Sine function.
sinh - Hyperbolic sine.
tan - Tangent function.
tanh - Hyperbolic tangent.

String handling utilities.


isvarname - Check for a valid variable name (MATLAB Toolbox).
vectorize - Vectorize a symbolic expression.
disp - Displays a sym as text.
display - Display function for syms.
eval - Evaluate a symbolic expression.

Pedagogical and Graphical Applications.


rsums - Riemann sums.
ezcontour - Easy to use contour plotter.
ezcontourf - Easy to use filled contour plotter.
ezmesh - Easy to use mesh (surface) plotter.
ezmeshc - Easy to use combined mesh/contour plotter.
ezplot - Easy to use function, implicit, and parametric curve plotter.
ezplot3 - Easy to use spatial curve plotter.
ezpolar - Easy to use polar coordinates plotter.
ezsurf - Easy to use surface plotter.
ezsurfc - Easy to use combined surface/contour plotter.
funtool - Function calculator.
taylortool - Taylor series calculator.

Demonstrations.
symintro - Introduction to the Symbolic Toolbox.
symcalcdemo - Calculus demonstration.
symlindemo - Demonstrate symbolic linear algebra.
symvpademo - Demonstrate variable precision arithmetic
symrotdemo - Study plane rotations.
symeqndemo - Demonstrate symbolic equation solving.

Access to Maple.
maple - Access Maple kernel. (Not available with Student Version.)
mfun - Numeric evaluation of Maple functions. (Not available with Student Version.)
mfunlist - List of functions for MFUN. (Same as 'help mfunlist'.)
mhelp - Maple help. (Not available with Student Version.)
procread - Install a Maple procedure. (Requires Extended Toolbox.)
2. Calcule la inversa de la siguiente matriz:

a b 
A 
c d 
3. Calcule la siguiente multiplicación de polinomios

P1  (ax 2  bx  2)(cy 2  3 y  8)
4. De la siguiente ecuación:

ae  xt cos( y)  b

a. despeje la variable x
b. despeje la variable y
5. Resuelva las siguientes ecuaciones algebraicas simultaneas para x y para y

x 2  xy  y  3
x 2  4x  3  0

6. Resuelva las siguientes derivadas

d (3t )
a) 
dt
d (a cos(6 * t ))
b) 
dt

d ( ye ( 6*x ) )
c) 
dx

d 2 cos( y)
d) 
dy 2
7. Resuelva las siguientes integrales

a)  cos(t)dt 

b)  ysen(2x)dx 

 y dy 
2
c)
a

 sen( x) cos ( x)dx 


2
d)
a
8. ¿Qué es la transformada de Laplace y cual es su principal utilidad?

Es la más conocida y utilizada de las transformadas integrales. Se ha mostrado de una gran


utilidad a la hora de resolver multitud e problemas de la ciencia y tecnología, aplicándose
de manera efectiva al estudio de tema fundamentales como teoría de vibraciones, circuitos
electrónicos, búsqueda de soluciones de ecuaciones en derivadas parciales, estudio de la
conductividad del calor, ecuación de onda, soluciones de problemas de valor de frontera,
etc.

9. Encuentre la transformada de Laplace de las siguientes funciones temporales

 
a) L 3eat  

 d 2 3x(t ) 
b) L  2 
 dt 
CUESTIONARIO FINAL

1. A partir de la ecuación diferencial:

Utilizando matemática simbólica, realice la gráfica de la ecuación de y en función


de t y compruebe si la ecuación es solución para dicha ecuación diferencial.
La ecuación si es solución para la ecuación diferencial.

 2 (x3 y 4 )
2. Calcular:
x
5 x
 x 2  3x 
3. Calcular el límite de la función  2
 en los puntos cero e infinito.
 x 

inf x3/ 2
4. Calcular : 
0 1 x4
dx
5. Calcular mediante una integral doble el área comprendida entre las curvas y  x 2 y
y  x.

A     2 dy dx
1 x

0 x 

OBSERVACIONES Y CONCLUSIONES

 Se pudo comprender en general que en Matlab con ayuda de la matemática


simbólica se nos facilitan muchos cálculos matemáticos que cuando los realizamos
sin una herramienta software de alta capacidad nos complican el desarrollo de los
problemas, se nos hacen complejos por las cantidades de variables que se deben de
tener en cuenta cuando realizamos el análisis respectivo de este problema.
 La matemática simbólica de Matlab es muy importante para el cálculo en general.
 Para no cometer errores en la solución es importante, que con ayuda del help,
revisemos el orden que debemos usar, es decir la estructura que usa cada comando,
para no cometer errores.

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