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Generations of Computer

The document summarizes the five generations of computers from vacuum tubes to artificial intelligence. The first generation used vacuum tubes from 1946-1959. The second generation used transistors from 1959-1965. The third generation used integrated circuits from 1965-1971. The fourth generation used microprocessors from 1971-1980. The fifth generation uses artificial intelligence from 1980 to present with the aim of developing devices that can understand natural language and learn.

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PriyaP Singh
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173 views

Generations of Computer

The document summarizes the five generations of computers from vacuum tubes to artificial intelligence. The first generation used vacuum tubes from 1946-1959. The second generation used transistors from 1959-1965. The third generation used integrated circuits from 1965-1971. The fourth generation used microprocessors from 1971-1980. The fifth generation uses artificial intelligence from 1980 to present with the aim of developing devices that can understand natural language and learn.

Uploaded by

PriyaP Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 *A SHORT SUMMARY ABOUT THE

GENERATION OF COMPUTERS.*

*INTRODUCTION*

A COMPUTER IS AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE THAT MANUPILATES


INFORMATION OR DATA.IT HAS THE ABILITY TO STORE,RETRIEVE AND
PROCESSES DATA.THERE ARE FIVE GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS.

*FIRST GENERATION(1946-1959):VACCUM TUBES: 1:1946-1959 IS THE


PERIOD OF FIRST GENERATION COMPUTER .

2.J.P.Eckert and J.W.Mauchy INVENTED THE FIRST ELECTRONIC


COMPUTER ENIAC STANDS FOR “ELECTRONIC NUMERIC INTEGRATED
AND CALCULATER”.

*SECOND GENERATION (1959-1965):TRANSISTERS : 1. 1959-1965 IS


THE PERIOD OF SECOND GENERATION COMPUTER.

2.SECOND GENERATION COMPUTERS WERE BASED ON TRANSISTERS


INSTEAD OF VACCUM TUBES.

*THIRD GENERATION(1965-1971):INTEGRATED CIRCUITS: 1.1965-1971


IS THE PERIOD OF THIRD GENERATION COMPUTER .

2. THESE COMPUTERS WERE BASED ON INTEGRATED CIRCUITS.

*FOURTH GENERATION(1971-1980):MICROPROCESSORS: 1.1971-1980


IS THE PERIOD OF FOURTH GENERATION COMPUTER.

2.THIS TECHNOLOGY IS BASED ON MICROPROCESSORS.


3.A MICROPROSSOR IS USED IN A COMPUTER FOR ANY LOGICAL AND
ARITHMETIC FUNCTION TO BE PERFORMED IN ANY PROGRAM.

*FIFTH GENERATION(1980-PRESENT):ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: 1.


THE PERIOD OF THE FIFTH GENERATION IN 1980-ONWARDS.

2. THIS GENERATION IS BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

3. THE AIM OF THE FIFTH GENERATION TO MAKE A DEVICE WHICH


COULD RESPOND TO NATURAL LANGUAGE INPUT AND ARE CAPABLE OF
LEARNING AND SELF-ORGANIZATION.

*NOW ABOUT THE COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE*

IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING , COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE IS A SET OF


RULES AND METHODS THAT DESCRIBES THE FUNCTIONING
,ORGANIZATION , AND IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS .
SOME DEFINITIONS OF ARCHITECTURE DEFINE IT AS DESCRIBING THE
CAPABILITIES AND PROGRAMMING MODEL OF A COMPUTER BUT NOT A
PARTICULAR IMPLEMENTATION.

*NOW ABOUT THE MEGA BYTE*

IT IS JUST A SPACE IN ANY PHONE TO STORE APPS MUSIC AND ALL


OTHER STUFF. IF IN AN ANDROID PHONE 1 MEGA BIT(…..IN ANY
ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE DEVICE , MB REFERS TO’ MEGA BYTE’.

*NOW ABOUT THE KILOBYTES*


A KILOBYTE IS A MULTIPLE UNIT USED FOR BINARY DATA.ALTHOUGH
“kilo” GENERALLY REFERS TO 1000 , IN COMPUTER SCIENCE , ONE
KILOBYTE OFTEN REFERS TO 1024(2^10) BYTES. IT MAY ALSO BE USED
TO REFER TO 1000 BYTES DEPENDING ON THE CONTEXT. THIS
MEASURE IS OFTEN USED TO DESCRIBE MEMORY CAPACITY AND DISK
STORAGE.

*NOW ABOUT THE GIGABYTES*

THE GIGABYTE IS MULTIPLE OF THE UNIT BYTE FOR DIGITAL


INFORMATION. THE PREFIX GIGA MEANS 10 RASE TO THE POWER 9 IN
THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS. THEREFORE , ONE GIGABYTE
IS 1000000000BYTES . THE UNIT SYMBOL FOR THE GIGABYTE IS GB.
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A SHORT SUMMARY ABOUT OBJECTS
AND CLASSES
OBJECTS:
Objects in programming are just like real life objects for example chair,
humans beings, bed , washing machine etc.

FOR EXAMPLE:
Just like

name Suraj ;
roll no ;

std;

div;

address;

CLASSES:

Classes are more like design/blueprint which defines the properties ,


behavior any object can have are called classes. For example objects of
Student class such as Siraj , Akshay, have different names, addresses and roll
numbers.

NOW THE PARENT CALSS AND CHILD


CLASS.
PARENT CLASS:
Parent class are the main class .

CHILD CLASS
Child class are the derived class.

FOR EXAMPLE:

Animals like terrestrial animals ,aquatic animals, and many more are animals
only but their properties are different means animals are parent class and
their types are child class . And that only is of vehicles means some which runs
on road ,sky, water . Means the vehicles are the parent class and their types
are the child class.

*WRITTEN BY AASTHA SINGH*

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