Soy Juice Beverages
Soy Juice Beverages
Soy Juice Beverages
BEVERAGES
TAKING SOY PROTEIN
BEYOND MILK
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Figure 1: Soy protein isolate that are usually recommended for
beverage application
_-conglycinin (7S)
Mwt 175 kD
High viscosity
High solubility at
pH 6.0
Low thermal
stability
High
Hydrophobicity
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concentrates. However, when fermented in promoting a beneficial blood lipid profile. subsequent re-exposure will increase the level
beverages are made the sugar blended pectin I Cancer: Studies conducted by the US of sensitivity until a full-blown allergy can be
should be added after the fermentation National Cancer Institute suggest that medically diagnosed.
process has been completed. Western consumers could significantly reduce
the chance of developing breast and prostate
cancer, by increasing the intake of soy
Table 1: Typical nutrient analysis proteins.
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example hundreds of well-researched and
Figure 2: Market positioning of soy juice beverages
approved micro-components based on
vegetables, fruits, herbs or botanicals. Just to
mention but a few: lycopene, cacao Fruit flavoured
soy beverages
polyphenols, seaweed extracts, phytoesterols,
soy isoflavones and prebiotic inulin.
Increasingly, due to sky-rocketing health
care costs – ironically caused by the ageing
population – governments are actively
encouraging self-managed or pro-active
Soy Healthy
health initiatives. Functional foods and “fun drinks” nutrition
Plain Flavoured “So good”
beverages, including the environmentally soy soy soy milk
(low protein (high protein Nutraceutical
friendly soy protein will become a logical content, content, soy beverages
milk milk (premium)
1- 6,25g/250mL,
pathway to address these changing 3g/250mL) FDA)
paradigms. Especially the cost efficiency of
soy protein compared to the rather elusive
price ranges of milk proteins, will be
important to develop sustainable foods for the
masses at affordable prices. Bioactive:
It is rather obvious that not all of the Made of soy - Pre & Probiaotics
Whole soybean
protein isolate - Phytosteroles
world’s continents can be viewed singularly. - Isoflavones
For example, Asian Pacific regions have for
centuries embraced a holistic approach to
beany taste no beany taste
treating physiological problems and have
been looking to nutrition for answers. And as
such there is a deep-rooted awareness based from soy, juice or tea. Of course, there leukemia cancer cells.
between diet, health and well-being. In this are innovative drinks that incorporate all of
sense, nutraceutical drinks are not really new above in a delicious tasting convenience Satiety worker
for the Asian Pacific population. The concept product that provides the required minimum Soy protein is also considered a ‘satiety-
is centuries old, but the understanding only intake of protein for heart health together protein’. And as such, DSM’s new
now starts to unravel, yet scientists still have with other active components to improve ‘Fabuless’-satiety ingredient could be an
more questions than answers. quality of life. ideal fit to co-introduce in a personal weight
An example is pomegranate juice. The management drink. Looking into the crystal
Spin-offs American Journal of Cardiology, (Sept.16, ball, DSM also has near market introduction
Within the category of nutraceutical 2005) reported that pomegranate juice may a milk beverage, yet without all the classical
beverages there are relatively recent spin-off improve blood flow to the heart without attributes such as taste or appearance of milk.
segments such as esoteric drinks promoting negatively affecting parameters such as blood Further down the horizon soy based
for example bowel health or relieving pressure and blood glucose. Coronary heart nutraceutical beverages appear which are
insomnia or to make life easier for Crohn’s disease is the leading cause of death in the based on nutrigenomics, and these
disease patients. Not to mention yet another Western world and pomegranate juice, rich in technologies will set the stage for
phenomenal growth area for cosmeceutical polyphenols and other naturally occurring personalised nutrition beyond 2012. After all,
drinks, which are designed to improve antioxidants can serve as yet another health there is increasing evidence of links between
physical beauty & appearance such as skin source to reduce the toll of this degenerative small DNA changes and the development of
complexion or reduction of blemishes. Large disease. Even better yet, these fruits packed chronic disease, which ultimately will prove
world companies such as Nestle, L’Oreal, with nutraceuticals can be ingeniously that there is a direct relation between genetic
Coca Cola and Shiseido have cosmeceutical blended with soy milk and combined may changes, lifestyle and food. Following this
concepts nearing market introduction. Beauty demonstrate high capability in scavenging pathway, it even can be hypothesised that
from within suddenly has become a statement free radicals and inhibiting low-density some food companies of today even might
taken literally. lipoprotein in vitro and in vivo. transform towards food diagnostics as their
It seems as if the many tropical fruit juices Another example is the recently uncovered main creation of shareholder value.
have run their course in terms of product compounds in cranberries. It has been know
innovation. What is ‘hot’ right now are the for a while that cranberry juice acted Sales benefits
green tea and chocolate health connections, favorably to prevent urinary tract infections. Research has shown consumers are
backed up with other bioactive compounds However much attention now is given to prepared to pay a premium for beverages
such as polyphenol containing micro-extracts. proanthocyanidins, a cranberry chemical with added nutritional and medical benefits.
All these new consumer preferences are structure, inhibiting tumor growth and spread These added benefits need to have the desired
packed in tasteful connotations of beverages of in particular lung cancer, colon cancer and effects while maintaining safety and the right
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dose intake levels. It is a very logical choice
Figure 3: Solubility index
to team up the goodness of soy protein and
functional ingredients and bioactive
compounds to create a soy juice packed with
100
premium value.
(positive charge) (negative charge)
Thanks to modern processing techniques, 90
soy protein and extracts of a plethora of fruits
and vegetables is an ideal vehicle to deliver 80
phytochemicals rich of healthy antioxidants,
70
polyphenols and other health promoting
compounds such as plant sterols that go
Nitrogen 60
above and beyond what normally occur in solubility
fruit and vegetables. index % 50
On the horizon loom quite a few
interesting product concepts: 40
30
I Cardiovascular Health
I Eye Health 20
I Cognitive & Mental performance
I Anti-Ageing 10
I Wellness & Well-being
I Healthy Complexion 0
I Nutrition Diagnostics e.g. diabetes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
mellitus
s s
ge ra ge
ra ve
Formulation be
ve r ts be
g hu ilk
ed Yo
Preferred is to use a soy protein isolate as ym
it-b S o
(90%) that has good physical properties such Fru
as dispersibility and stability for liquid
beverages. Ideally the soy protein isolate nearly always means that other functional same way as sodium caseinate. The fine-
should contain a stabilised calcium ingredients such as carrageenan and pectin is tuning of the soy milk and soy beverage is
phosphate, which provides the same needed to enforce the soy protein network mainly dependent on the intrinsic properties
protein/calcium ratio as cow’s milk. (see figure 3). that are required. For example: because of
However, the total protein content of a synergisms, kappa carrageenan performs at
calcium stabilised soy protein ingredient is Stability very low usage levels in beverages containing
approximately 80%. Soy protein purchasing It should be noted that stability does not milk protein. This synergism is not at the
price should reflect this difference in protein come from added viscosity. At neutral pH, same intensity with soy protein and
content, while also a small formula stability comes from a weak gel network i.e. subsequently it is suggested to slightly
adjustment need to be made. protein and k-carrageenan interaction. At an increase level of addition.
The formulation of soy milk is given acid pH, stability comes from specific Carrageenan is especially beneficial in
below. This is a sweetened, unflavoured base adsorption of pectin, and it has been refrigerated soy beverages. When shelf stable
formulation. The formula can be modified to mentioned already that soy protein does not beverages are developed it is recommended
eliminate sweetness (sugar) or substitute interact with carrageenan and pectin in the to use cellulose gum such as Avicell in
other carbohydrate sources (i.e. malted barley combination with carrageenan.
or seaweed). Mouthfeel can be modified by
using, for example, carrageenan, pectin, Insoluble source
monoglycerides and inulin. The A point of concern here can be possible
polysaccharide inulin of course, also serves unwanted gelling of soy protein because of
as a prebiotic. the presence of soluble calcium sources. It is
The solubility of soy protein isolate is therefore suggested to select an insoluble
greatly influenced by pH. Good solubility is calcium source such as calcium phosphate to
generally obtained in either low or high pH fortify the soy beverage. However, in the
ranges. For example, soy juice or soy fruit latter case cellulose gum is often needed to
beverages are generally between pH 3.4 and prevent direct protein interaction leading to
4.0 and soy yoghurts between pH 4.0 and 5.0. gelation. Carrageenan and cellulose gum are
At these pH ranges the solubility of soy very effective in building up body in soy
protein isolate is at its minimum, which beverages. This overview would not be
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complete without mentioning the unique
Processing suggestions for Shelf-S table soy milk
properties of gellan gum.
This polymer ingredient is made by
fermentation of polysaccharide derived from 1. Add sufficient water for processing to batch tank. Add potassium citrate
a naturally occurring organism, pseudomonas to water.
elodia, that was originally found on an
2. Add stabiliser mixed 1:15 with sucrose, to water at approximately 25°C.
aquatic plant. By itself, gellan does not
contribute a high viscosity, but the functional 3. Add soy protein isolate and disperse well using a high shear mixer.
ingredient – which is proven to work under 4. Add soybean oil
difficult conditions – is very synergistic with 5. Heat to 71°C.
soy protein isolate, carrageenan, pectin and
6. Add sugar and flavourings, if desired.
cellulose gum, to secure and completely
stabilise the beverage very effectively, 7. Homogenise 2500 psi 1st stage and 500psi 2nd stage
including richer and thicker mouthfeel. 8. UHT process. Individual processors need to determine appropriate UHT
Generally speaking; low soy protein conditions for ensuring safe, commercially sterile product. However,
content, higher sugar content and the 141°C for 8 seconds may serve as a starting point for low acid
presence of small amounts of salt will beverage.
decrease the required dosage of pectin for 9. Cool to 27°C or less and pump to sterile surge tank.
stabilisation. However, when the soy
10. Fill sterilised containers or packs.
beverage is UHT heat-treated or by autoclave
processing, usually an increased amount of
pectin will be needed. Pectin is a very
effective ingredient to protect protein in terms Table 2: Base soy milk formula Table 3: Typical neutral pH soy beverage
of sedimentation, especially in acidified suggestion formula
environments the obvious choice is pectin.
Composition Example Percentage Composition Example Percentage
The formula given below can serve as an
Soy protein isolate* 2.6 % Water 84.13 %
ideal base for further development of a wide
Soybean oil 1.5 % Soy protein isolate 3.81 %
range flavour sensations including soy
Sucrose 6.0 % Soybean oil 1.05 %
smoothies and soy frosties, with or without
Stabiliser ** 0.1 % Carbohydrates 10.00 %
added nutraceutical benefits.
Carrageenan 0.1 % Stabilisers (carrageenan/pectin) 0.28 %
For example:
Potassium Citrate 0.2 % Buffer salts (citrate/phosphate) 0.30 %
• Solae Supro type 561 or 670 or 675
Water 89.5 % Salt 0.03 %
• ADM Profam 922
Total 100.0 % Vitamins, minerals 0.20 %
• Cargill Prolisse 811
Flavours & colours 0.20 %
• Danisco Recodan
Total 100.00 %
• Gellan gum: Kelcogel 11. Homogenize upstream at 175 bar and 60°C
12. Pasteurize at 80°C for 15 seconds
Process suggestion 13. Cool to 20°C and fill aseptically.
Table 4: “Nutraceutical” soy juice
1. Heat water to 25°C
beverage formula
2. Add soy protein isolate to disperse
3. To increase speed of hydration water Composition Example Percentage
temperature may be increased to approx. Soy milk 20.00 %
55°C. Pear juice concentrate (30%) 6.00 %
4. Cool to 25°C. Sugar 6.00 %
5. Pre-mix pectin and a small amount of Soy protein isolate 1.00 %
sugar Stabiliser (Pectin) 0.30 %
6. Dissolve sugar-blended pectin stabiliser Gellan Gum 0.10 %
in hot water at 80°C Citric Acid 0.05 %
7. Cool pectin-solution to 25°C Apple flavour 0.10 %
8. Slowly add the pectin solution to the Rhubarb flavour 0.10 %
protein solution while continuously Henk Hoogenkamp & Paul Evers Natural flavourings, example:
stirring for 15 minutes. (Authors & Copyrights) Wheat Grass & Aloe Vera extracts 0.20 %
9. Add juice, vitamins, cellulose gum, Natural Carothenes 0.05 %
Henk Hoogenkamp, Strategic Protein Specialist and
flavour, colour while agitation author of “Soy Protein and Formulated Meat Products Vitamins & Co-enzyme Q10 0.20 %
(2005) has been a proponent of creating and
vigorously. transferring protein technology systems to the world’s Water balance
10. Slow addition of citric acid to pH food and nutraceutical industry. Mr. Hoogenkamp was Total 100.00 %
President of DMV-Campina USA, and Senior Director
3.6 – 4.0 while agitation continuously. Protein Strategy of Solae LLC (a DuPont/Bunge venture).
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Alko International BV is arguably the world’s leading research & manufacturing company of premium
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technology.
Alko’s in-house application scientists, protein technology and engineering know-how create sustainable
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protein and a wide range of synergistically-driven support ingredients such as hydrocolloids.
Alko International BV brings together resources and synergies using the very latest technology coupled
on unparalleled reduction of cycle time in concept development which translates in speed-to-market
efficiency. In-depth experience of a professional and dedicated staff with practical ‘can-do’ & ‘hands-
on’ experience makes sure their people speak and think the language the customer prefers. Alko’s
multi-discipline talented professionals can be characterised by informal team spirit and welcome real
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The company headquarters is nested in a rural setting in the southern part of Holland, yet with a vision that
spans the globe.