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4x4 Matrix Key-Board Interfacing With ATmega32

This document describes a project to interface a 4x4 keypad with an ATmega32 microcontroller to display the pressed key on an LCD. It includes the schematic, source code, and explanations of the code. The code initializes the microcontroller ports and LCD, then continuously scans the keypad rows to detect presses and displays the corresponding key on the LCD.

Uploaded by

Emin Kültürel
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220 views6 pages

4x4 Matrix Key-Board Interfacing With ATmega32

This document describes a project to interface a 4x4 keypad with an ATmega32 microcontroller to display the pressed key on an LCD. It includes the schematic, source code, and explanations of the code. The code initializes the microcontroller ports and LCD, then continuously scans the keypad rows to detect presses and displays the corresponding key on the LCD.

Uploaded by

Emin Kültürel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4​x​4 Matrix Key-board Interfacing with ATmega32

CC Dharmani ​www.dharmanitech.com

This is a beginner’s project for interfacing 4x4 key-board with ATmega32. The LCD displays
the value of the key which ever has been pressed (0 to 9, A,B,C,D,E & F).

Schematic:

Code:
//*****************************************************************
// ******** 4X4 MATRIX KEY-BOARD INTERFACING *******
//*****************************************************************
//Controller: ATmega32 (Crystal: 16 Mhz)
//Compiler: ImageCraft ICCAVR
//Author: CC Dharmani, Chennai (India)
//Date: Aug 2008
//********************************************************

#include <iom32v.h>
#include <macros.h>

// *** LCD Functions declaration *** //


void​ LCD_init(​void​);
void​ LCD_WriteCommand (​unsigned​ ​char​ CMD);
void​ LCD_WriteData (​unsigned​ ​char​ Data);

void​ LCD_DisplayString_F(​char​ row, ​char​ column, ​const​ ​unsigned​ ​char​ *string);


void​ LCD_Cursor(​char​ row, c
​ har​ column);
void​ delay_ms(​int​ miliSec);

#define ENABLE_LCD PORTD |= 0x80


#define DISABLE_LCD PORTD &= ~0x80
#define SET_LCD_DATA PORTD |= 0x20
#define SET_LCD_CMD PORTD &= ~0x20
#define KB_PORT_OUT PORTB
#define KB_PORT_IN PINB

void​ port_init(​void​)
{
DDRA = 0x00;
PORTA = 0x00;
DDRB = 0x0f; ​//Key-board port, higer nibble - input, lower nibble - output
PORTB = 0xff; ​//pull-up enabled for higher nibble
DDRC = 0xff;
PORTC = 0x00;
DDRD = 0xf0;
PORTD = 0x00;
}

//call this routine to initialize all peripherals


void​ init_devices(​void​)
{
//stop errant interrupts until set up
CLI(); ​//disable all interrupts

port_init();
LCD_init();

MCUCR = 0x00;
TIMSK = 0x00; ​//timer interrupt sources
}

//****************** MAIN FUNCTION *******************

void​ main(​void​)
{
unsigned​ ​char​ upperNibble, keyCode, keyPressed, i;
init_devices();
LCD_DisplayString_F(1,1,​" WELCOME ");
LCD_WriteCommand(0xc0); ​//moving LCD cursor to second row

while​(1)
{
upperNibble = 0xff;

for​(i=0; i<4; i++)


{
delay_ms(1);
KB_PORT_OUT = ~(0x01 << i);
delay_ms(1); ​//delay for port o/p settling
upperNibble = KB_PORT_IN | 0x0f;

if​ (upperNibble != 0xff)


{
delay_ms(20); ​//key debouncing delay
upperNibble = KB_PORT_IN | 0x0f;
if​(upperNibble == 0xff) ​goto​ OUT;

keyCode = (upperNibble & 0xf0) | (0x0f & ~(0x01 << i));

while​ (upperNibble != 0xff)


upperNibble = KB_PORT_IN | 0x0f;

delay_ms(20); ​//key debouncing delay

switch​ (keyCode) ​//generating key characetr to display on LCD


{
case​ (0xee): keyPressed = ​'0';
break​;
case​ (0xed): keyPressed = ​'1';
break​;
case​ (0xeb): keyPressed = ​'2';
break​;
case​ (0xe7): keyPressed = ​'3';
break​;
case​ (0xde): keyPressed = ​'4';
break​;
case​ (0xdd): keyPressed = ​'5';
break​;
case​ (0xdb): keyPressed = ​'6';
break​;
case​ (0xd7): keyPressed = ​'7';
break​;
case​ (0xbe): keyPressed = ​'8';
break​;
case​ (0xbd): keyPressed = ​'9';
break​;
case​ (0xbb): keyPressed = ​'A';
break​;
case​ (0xb7): keyPressed = ​'B';
break​;
case​ (0x7e): keyPressed = ​'C';
break​;
case​ (0x7d): keyPressed = ​'D';
break​;
case​ (0x7b): keyPressed = ​'E';
break​;
case​ (0x77): keyPressed = ​'F';
break​;
default​ : keyPressed = ​'X';
}​//end of switch

LCD_WriteData(keyPressed);

OUT:;
}​//end of if
}​//end of for
}​//end of while(1)
}​//end of main()

//*********************** LCD Functions *****************************

// *********************************
// *** Initialize the LCD driver ***
// *********************************
void​ LCD_init(​void​)
{
delay_ms(100); ​// wait for 100ms

LCD_WriteCommand (0x38); ​// 8 data lines


LCD_WriteCommand (0x08); ​// display off
LCD_WriteCommand (0x01); ​// clear LCD memory
delay_ms (10); // 10ms delay after clearing LCD
LCD_WriteCommand (0x06); ​// cursor setting
LCD_WriteCommand (0x0f); ​// display ON
}

// **********************************************
// *** Write a command instruction to the LCD ***
// **********************************************
void​ LCD_WriteCommand (​unsigned​ ​char​ Command)
{

SET_LCD_CMD; ​// Set LCD in command mode

PORTC = Command; ​// Load data to port

ENABLE_LCD; ​// Write data to LCD

asm(​"nop");
asm(​"nop");

DISABLE_LCD; ​// Disable LCD


delay_ms(1); ​// wait for 1ms
}

// *****************************************
// *** Write one byte of data to the LCD ***
// *****************************************
void​ LCD_WriteData (​unsigned​ ​char​ Data)
{
SET_LCD_DATA; ​// Set LCD in data mode

PORTC = Data; ​// Load data to port

ENABLE_LCD; ​// Write data to LCD

asm(​"nop");
asm(​"nop");

DISABLE_LCD; ​// Disable LCD

delay_ms(1); ​// wait for 1ms


}

// *********************************************************************
// *** Display a string at the specified row and column, from FLASH ****
// *********************************************************************
void​ LCD_DisplayString_F (​char​ row, ​char​ column ,​const​ ​unsigned​ ​char​ *string)
{
LCD_Cursor (row, column);
while​ (*string)
LCD_WriteData(*string++);
}

// ***************************************************
// *** Position the LCD cursor at "row", "column". ***
// ***************************************************
void​ LCD_Cursor (​char​ row, ​char​ column)
{
switch​ (row)
{
case​ 1: LCD_WriteCommand (0x80 + column - 1);​break​;
case​ 2: LCD_WriteCommand (0xc0 + column - 1);​break​;
default​: ​break​;
}
}

// ********************************************************
// **** Function for delay of 1 msec (appx.) at 16Mhz *****
// ********************************************************
void​ delay_ms(​int​ miliSec) ​//for 16 Mhz crystal
{
int​ i,j;

for​(i=0;i<miliSec;i++)
for​(j=0;j<1550;j++)
{
asm(​"nop");
asm(​"nop");
}
}

// ******** END OF SOURCE CODE FILE – MATRIX_KB.C *********

// ***** CC Dharmani, ​www.dharmanitech.com​ ******

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