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    CA1 Part2 1 Nodal Analysis

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    Mahinda Alahakoon
    Nodal analysis is introduced as a method to solve circuit problems by writing Kirchhoff's current law at each node. Key points include: - Circuits have n nodes with one designated as the reference node. The remaining n-1 nodes are given voltage names. - Kirchhoff's current law is written in terms of the node voltages at each node. - The system of equations is solved to find each node voltage. - The concept of a supernode is introduced to simplify circuits with voltage sources by combining nodes on either side into a single region. Mesh analysis is then previewed as applicable to planar circuits and involves applying Kirchhoff's voltage law around loops or meshes to

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    CA1 Part2 1 Nodal Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Mahinda Alahakoon
    22 views28 pages
    Nodal analysis is introduced as a method to solve circuit problems by writing Kirchhoff's current law at each node. Key points include: - Circuits have n nodes with one designated as the reference node. The remaining n-1 nodes are given voltage names. - Kirchhoff's current law is written in terms of the node voltages at each node. - The system of equations is solved to find each node voltage. - The concept of a supernode is introduced to simplify circuits with voltage sources by combining nodes on either side into a single region. Mesh analysis is then previewed as applicable to planar circuits and involves applying Kirchhoff's voltage law around loops or meshes to

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    Nodal analysis

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    Nodal analysis is introduced as a method to solve circuit problems by writing Kirchhoff's current law at each node. Key points include: - Circuits have n nodes with one designated as the reference node. The remaining n-1 nodes are given voltage names. - Kirchhoff's current law is written in terms of the node voltages at each node. - The system of equations is solved to find each node voltage. - The concept of a supernode is introduced to simplify circuits with voltage sources by combining nodes on either side into a single region. Mesh analysis is then previewed as applicable to planar circuits and involves applying Kirchhoff's voltage law around loops or meshes to

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views28 pages

    CA1 Part2 1 Nodal Analysis

    Uploaded by

    Mahinda Alahakoon
    Nodal analysis is introduced as a method to solve circuit problems by writing Kirchhoff's current law at each node. Key points include: - Circuits have n nodes with one designated as the reference node. The remaining n-1 nodes are given voltage names. - Kirchhoff's current law is written in terms of the node voltages at each node. - The system of equations is solved to find each node voltage. - The concept of a supernode is introduced to simplify circuits with voltage sources by combining nodes on either side into a single region. Mesh analysis is then previewed as applicable to planar circuits and involves applying Kirchhoff's voltage law around loops or meshes to

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    UNIT FOUR

    Nodal Analysis
    Nodal Analysis: The Concept

    • Every circuit has n nodes with one of the nodes being


    designated as a reference node.

    • We designate the remaining n – 1 nodes as voltage


    nodes and give each node a unique name, vi.

    • At each node we write Kirchhoff’s current law in terms


    of the node voltages.

    • Solve the system of equations for each vi.


    Node 1 Node 2
    Node 1

    Node 2

    Solve for v1 and v2


    0A
    Current (answer) = ?
    Practice problem
    Given the following circuit.  Set‐up the equations 
    to solve for V1 and V2.  
    At v2:
    2A V2 − V1 V2
    v2 + = −6
    v1 • • 5 20
    5Ω
    4V2 – 4V1 + V2 = -120
    10 Ω 20 Ω 4A
    -4V1 + 5V2 = -120

    At v1:
    V1 V1 − V2
    + =2
    10 5 Solution:   V1 = ‐20 V, 
    V1 + 2V1 – 2V2 = 20 V2 = ‐40 V
    3V1 – 2V2 = 20
    4Ω 10 V v1
    v2 I1
    _
    • + •

    6Ω 10 Ω 5A

    At v2:
    At v1:
    V1 V1 + 10 − V2 V2 V2 − 10 − V1
    + = −5 + =0
    10 4 6 4
    4V1 + 10V1 + 100 – 10V2 = -200 4V2 + 6V2 – 60 – 6V1 = 0

    14V1 – 10V2 = -300 -6V1 + 10V2 = 60

    V1 = -30 V, V2 = -12 V, I1 = -2 A
    PRACTICE
    PROBLEMS
    HOMEWORK
    Problems: 3, 5, 6, 7
    Page 90‐91
    ‰ When voltage sources are present, the solution
    may require additional equations as the current
    through the voltage source cannot otherwise be
    found.

    ‰ The concept of SUPERNODE makes it easier to


    solve the circuit with a fewer number of equations.

    ‰ The voltage source and the nodes on either side


    are all considered as one ‘Region’ or a SUPER
    NODE for applying the KCL.
    The nodes 2 & 3 & 22V source
    combined together =
    SUPERNODE

    Same as
    before
    Consider the currents into and out
    of the SUPERNODE region = 0
    (according to KCL)
    KCL for 
    Node 1:
    KCL for 
    Node 2:

    KCL for 3‐4 
    Supernode:
    B

    A C

    D
    2
    1

    3 4
    HOMEWORK
    Problems: 12, 13, 14, 15, 18
    Page 92‐93
    Mesh Analysis: The Concept

    • Mesh analysis in applicable only to PLANAR networks.


    • If it is possible to draw the circuit on a plane surface,
    without having branches pass over or under another
    branch, such circuits are said to be PLANAR circuits.
    • A mesh is a loop that does not contain any other loop
    within it.
    • Apply KVL to each mesh, solve for unknown ‘Mesh
    Currents’.

    Continues in Part 2-2

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