Scribd
Upload
45 views28 pages

CA1 Part2 1 Nodal Analysis

Nodal analysis is introduced as a method to solve circuit problems by writing Kirchhoff's current law at each node. Key points include: - Circuits have n nodes with one designated as the reference node. The remaining n-1 nodes are given voltage names. - Kirchhoff's current law is written in terms of the node voltages at each node. - The system of equations is solved to find each node voltage. - The concept of a supernode is introduced to simplify circuits with voltage sources by combining nodes on either side into a single region. Mesh analysis is then previewed as applicable to planar circuits and involves applying Kirchhoff's voltage law around loops or meshes to

Uploaded by

Mahinda Alahakoon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
45 views28 pages

CA1 Part2 1 Nodal Analysis

Nodal analysis is introduced as a method to solve circuit problems by writing Kirchhoff's current law at each node. Key points include: - Circuits have n nodes with one designated as the reference node. The remaining n-1 nodes are given voltage names. - Kirchhoff's current law is written in terms of the node voltages at each node. - The system of equations is solved to find each node voltage. - The concept of a supernode is introduced to simplify circuits with voltage sources by combining nodes on either side into a single region. Mesh analysis is then previewed as applicable to planar circuits and involves applying Kirchhoff's voltage law around loops or meshes to

Uploaded by

Mahinda Alahakoon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

UNIT FOUR

Nodal Analysis
Nodal Analysis: The Concept

• Every circuit has n nodes with one of the nodes being


designated as a reference node.

• We designate the remaining n – 1 nodes as voltage


nodes and give each node a unique name, vi.

• At each node we write Kirchhoff’s current law in terms


of the node voltages.

• Solve the system of equations for each vi.


Node 1 Node 2
Node 1

Node 2

Solve for v1 and v2


0A
Current (answer) = ?
Practice problem
Given the following circuit.  Set‐up the equations 
to solve for V1 and V2.  
At v2:
2A V2 − V1 V2
v2 + = −6
v1 • • 5 20
5Ω
4V2 – 4V1 + V2 = -120
10 Ω 20 Ω 4A
-4V1 + 5V2 = -120

At v1:
V1 V1 − V2
+ =2
10 5 Solution:   V1 = ‐20 V, 
V1 + 2V1 – 2V2 = 20 V2 = ‐40 V
3V1 – 2V2 = 20
4Ω 10 V v1
v2 I1
_
• + •

6Ω 10 Ω 5A

At v2:
At v1:
V1 V1 + 10 − V2 V2 V2 − 10 − V1
+ = −5 + =0
10 4 6 4
4V1 + 10V1 + 100 – 10V2 = -200 4V2 + 6V2 – 60 – 6V1 = 0

14V1 – 10V2 = -300 -6V1 + 10V2 = 60

V1 = -30 V, V2 = -12 V, I1 = -2 A
PRACTICE
PROBLEMS
HOMEWORK
Problems: 3, 5, 6, 7
Page 90‐91
‰ When voltage sources are present, the solution
may require additional equations as the current
through the voltage source cannot otherwise be
found.

‰ The concept of SUPERNODE makes it easier to


solve the circuit with a fewer number of equations.

‰ The voltage source and the nodes on either side


are all considered as one ‘Region’ or a SUPER
NODE for applying the KCL.
The nodes 2 & 3 & 22V source
combined together =
SUPERNODE

Same as
before
Consider the currents into and out
of the SUPERNODE region = 0
(according to KCL)
KCL for 
Node 1:
KCL for 
Node 2:

KCL for 3‐4 
Supernode:
B

A C

D
2
1

3 4
HOMEWORK
Problems: 12, 13, 14, 15, 18
Page 92‐93
Mesh Analysis: The Concept

• Mesh analysis in applicable only to PLANAR networks.


• If it is possible to draw the circuit on a plane surface,
without having branches pass over or under another
branch, such circuits are said to be PLANAR circuits.
• A mesh is a loop that does not contain any other loop
within it.
• Apply KVL to each mesh, solve for unknown ‘Mesh
Currents’.

Continues in Part 2-2

You might also like