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Using Graphs To Display Data R 2-12 PDF

The document discusses different types of graphs used to display data and their advantages and disadvantages. It provides a table comparing pictographs, line plots, pie charts, map charts, histograms, bar graphs, line graphs, frequency polygons, scatterplots, stem-and-leaf plots, and box plots. For each graph type, it lists advantages such as being easy to read, visually appealing, able to handle large data sets, and show trends and relationships. It also identifies disadvantages like not showing exact values, being difficult to compare data sets, and only working for certain data types. The document provides this information to help users choose the most appropriate graph based on their specific data and needs.

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Shafika Aida
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
300 views

Using Graphs To Display Data R 2-12 PDF

The document discusses different types of graphs used to display data and their advantages and disadvantages. It provides a table comparing pictographs, line plots, pie charts, map charts, histograms, bar graphs, line graphs, frequency polygons, scatterplots, stem-and-leaf plots, and box plots. For each graph type, it lists advantages such as being easy to read, visually appealing, able to handle large data sets, and show trends and relationships. It also identifies disadvantages like not showing exact values, being difficult to compare data sets, and only working for certain data types. The document provides this information to help users choose the most appropriate graph based on their specific data and needs.

Uploaded by

Shafika Aida
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Using Graphs to Display Data

Each type of graph has its advantages and disadvantages:

Graph Advantages Disadvantages


Pictograph  Easy to read  Hard to quantify partial
A pictograph uses an icon to  Visually appealing icons
represent a quantity of data values  Handles large data sets  Icons must be of consistent
easily using keyed icons size
in order to decrease the size of the
 Best for only 2-6 categories
graph. A key must be used to  Very simplistic
explain the icon.

Line plot  Quick analysis of data  Not as visually appealing


A line plot can be used as an initial  Shows range, minimum &  Best for under 50 data
record of discrete data values. The maximum, gaps & clusters, values
range determines a number line and outliers easily  Needs small range of data
which is then plotted with X's for  Exact values retained
each data value.

Pie chart  Visually appealing  No exact numerical data


A pie chart displays data as a  Shows percent of total for  Hard to compare 2 data
percentage of the whole. Each pie each category sets
 "Other" category can be a
section should have a label and
problem
percentage. A total data number  Total unknown unless
should be included. specified
 Best for 3 to 7 categories
 Use only with discrete data

Map chart  Good visual appeal  Needs limited categories


A map chart displays data by  Overall trends show well  No exact numerical values
shading sections of a map, and  Color key can skew visual
interpretation
must include a key. A total data
number should be included.

Histogram  Visually strong  Cannot read exact values


A histogram displays continuous  Can compare to normal because data is grouped
data in ordered columns. curve into categories
 Usually vertical axis is a  More difficult to compare
Categories are of continuous
frequency count of items two data sets
measure such as time, inches, falling into each category  Use only with continuous
temperature, etc. data

(R 2-12) WHA Quality Center Source: http://math.youngzones.org/stat_graph.html


Bar graph  Visually strong  Graph categories can be
A bar graph displays discrete data  Can easily compare two or reordered to emphasize
in separate columns. A double bar three data sets certain effects
 Use only with discrete data
graph can be used to compare two
data sets. Categories are
considered unordered and can be
rearranged alphabetically, by size,
etc.

Line graph  Can compare multiple  Use only with continuous


A line graph plots continuous data continuous data sets easily data
as points and then joins them with  Interim data can be
inferred from graph line
a line. Multiple data sets can be
graphed together, but a key must
be used.

Frequency Polygon  Visually appealing  Anchors at both ends may


A frequency polygon can be made imply zero as data points
from a line graph by shading in the  Use only with continuous
data
area beneath the graph. It can be
made from a histogram by joining
midpoints of each column.

Scatterplot  Shows a trend in the data  Hard to visualize results in


A scatterplot displays the relationship large data sets
relationship between two factors  Retains exact data values  Flat trend line gives
and sample size inconclusive results
of the experiment. A trend line is
 Shows  Data on both axes should
used to determine positive, minimum/maximum and be continuous
negative, or no correlation. outliers

Stem and Leaf Plot  Concise representation of  Not visually appealing


Stem and leaf plots record data data  Does not easily indicate
values in rows, and can easily be  Shows range, minimum & measures of centrality for
maximum, gaps & clusters, large data sets
made into a histogram. Large data
and outliers easily
sets can be accommodated by  Can handle extremely large
splitting stems. data sets

Box plot  Shows 5-point summary  Not as visually appealing as


A box plot is a concise graph and outliers other graphs
showing the five point summary.  Easily compares two or  Exact values not retained
more data sets
Multiple box plots can be drawn
 Handles extremely large
side by side to compare more than data sets easily
one data set.

(R 2-12) WHA Quality Center Source: http://math.youngzones.org/stat_graph.html

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