Samsung

Samsung (Hangul: 삼성; Hanja: 三 星 ; Korean pronunciation: [samsʌŋ]; means

Samsung
"tristar" in English) is a South Korean multinational conglomerate
headquartered in Samsung Town, Seoul.[1] It comprises numerous affiliated
businesses,[1] most of them united under the Samsung brand, and is the largest
South Korean chaebol (business conglomerate).

Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company. Over

the next three decades, the group diversified into areas including food
processing, textiles, insurance, securities, and retail. Samsung entered the
electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding
industries in the mid-1970s; these areas would drive its subsequent growth.
Following Lee's death in 1987, Samsung was separated into four business
groups – Samsung Group,Shinsegae Group, CJ Group and Hansol Group. Since Samsung Town in the Gangnam Station
1990, Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities and electronics; in area in Seoul, South Korea
particular, its mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most Conglomerate
Industry
important source of income. As of 2017, Samsung has the 6th highest global
Founded 1 March 1938 in
brand value.[5]
Daegu, Japanese
Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics (the world's Korea
largest information technology company, consumer electronics maker and Founder Lee Byung-chul
chipmaker measured by 2017 revenues),[6][7] Samsung Heavy Industries (the Headquarters 40th floor Samsung
world's 2nd largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues),[8] and Samsung Electronics Building,
Engineering and Samsung C&T (respectively the world's 13th and 36th largest 11, Seocho-daero 74-
construction companies).[9] Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life gil[1], Seocho District,
Insurance (the world's 14th largest life insurance company),[10] Samsung Seoul, South Korea
Everland (operator of Everland Resort, the oldest theme park in South Area served Worldwide
Korea)[11] and Cheil Worldwide (the world's 15th largest advertising agency Key people Lee Kun-hee
measured by 2012 revenues).[12][13] (Chairman)
Lee Jae-yong
Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea's economic development, (Vice Chairman)
politics, media and culture and has been a major driving force behind the Products Apparel, automotive,
"Miracle on the Han River".[14][15] Its affiliate companies produce around a chemicals, consumer
fifth of South Korea's total exports.[16] Samsung's revenue was equal to 17% of electronics, electronic
South Korea's $1,082 billion GDP.[17] components, medical
equipment,
semiconductors, solid
state drives, DRAM,
Contents ships,
telecommunications
Etymology
equipment, home
History appliances[2]
1938–1970
1970–1990 Services Advertising,
1990–2000
construction,
2000–present
entertainment, financial
services, hospitality,
Acquisitions and attempted acquisitions information and
 Sold parts communications
Samsung Techwin technology, medical
Samsung Thales and health care
Samsung General Chemicals services, retail,
Samsung Total shipbuilding
Operations Revenue US$210.9
Affiliates billion[3] (2017)
Joint ventures
Net income US$37.1
Partially owned companies
billion[3] (2017)
Major clients
Total assets US$265
Corporate image billion[3] (2017)
Audio logo
Total equity US$188.9
Font
billion[3] (2017)
Samsung Medical Center
Number of 320,671[4] (2017)
Sponsorships employees
Controversies Divisions Samsung Electronics
Financial scandals Samsung Engineering
Antitrust concerns Samsung C&T
Viral marketing Corporation
Labor abuses Samsung Heavy
Price fixing Industries
References Samsung SDS
External links Samsung Life
Insurance
Samsung Fire &
Marine Insurance
Etymology Cheil Worldwide
According to Samsung's founder, the meaning of the Korean hanja word Website samsung.com
Samsung ( 三 星 ) is "tri-star" or "three stars". The word "three" represents
something "big, numerous and powerful".[18] Samsung
Hangul 삼성
History Hanja 三星
Revised Romanization Samseong
1938–1970 McCune–Reischauer Samsŏng

In 1938, Lee Byung-chul (1910–1987) of a large landowning family in the Uiryeong

county moved to nearby Daegu city and founded Samsung Sanghoe (삼성상회, 三星商會).
Samsung started out as a small trading company with forty employees located in Su-dong
(now Ingyo-dong).[19] It dealt in dried-fish,[19] locally-grown groceries and noodles. The
company prospered and Lee moved its head office to Seoul in 1947. When the Korean War
broke out, he was forced to leave Seoul. He started a sugar refinery in Busan named Cheil
Jedang. In 1954, Lee founded Cheil Mojik and built the plant in Chimsan-dong, Daegu. It
was the largest woollen mill ever in the country.

Samsung diversified into many different areas. Lee sought to establish Samsung as leader in
a wide range of industries. Samsung moved into lines of business such as insurance,
securities and retail.

In 1947, Cho Hong-jai, the Hyosung group's founder, jointly invested in a new company Lee Byung-chul, founder of
called Samsung Mulsan Gongsa, or the Samsung Trading Corporation, with the Samsung's Samsung
founder Lee Byung-chull. The trading firm grew to become the present-day Samsung C&T
Corporation. After a few years, Cho and Lee separated due to differences in management style. Cho wanted a 30 equity share.
Samsung Group was separated into Samsung Group andHyosung Group, Hankook Tire and other businesses.[20][21]

In the late 1960s, Samsung Group entered the electronics industry. It formed several electronics-related divisions, such as Samsung
Electronics Devices, Samsung Electro-Mechanics, Samsung Corning and Samsung Semiconductor & Telecommunications, and made
the facility in Suwon. Its first product was a black-and-white television set.

1970–1990
In 1980, Samsung acquired the Gumi-based Hanguk Jeonja Tongsin and entered
telecommunications hardware. Its early products were switchboards. The facility
was developed into the telephone and fax manufacturing systems and became the
center of Samsung's mobile phone manufacturing. They have produced over 800
million mobile phones to date.[23] The company grouped them together under
Samsung Electronics in the 1980s.

After Lee, the founder's death in 1987, Samsung Group was separated into four
business groups—Samsung Group, Shinsegae Group, CJ Group and the Hansol
Group.[24] Shinsegae (discount store, department store) was originally part of The SPC-1000, introduced in 1982,
was Samsung's first personal
Samsung Group, separated in the 1990s from the Samsung Group along with CJ
computer (Korean market only) and
Group (Food/Chemicals/Entertainment/logistics), and the Hansol Group
used an audio cassette tape to load
(Paper/Telecom). Today these separated groups are independent and they are not part and save data – the floppy drive was
of or connected to the Samsung Group.[25] One Hansol Group representative said, optional[22]
"Only people ignorant of the laws governing the business world could believe
something so absurd", adding, "When Hansol separated from the Samsung Group in
1991, it severed all payment guarantees and share-holding ties with Samsung affiliates." One Hansol Group source asserted, "Hansol,
Shinsegae, and CJ have been under independent management since their respective separations from the Samsung Group". One
[25]
Shinsegae department store executive director said, "Shinsegae has no payment guarantees associated with the Samsung Group".

In 1980s, Samsung Electronics began to invest heavily in research and development, investments that were pivotal in pushing the
company to the forefront of the global electronics industry. In 1982, it built a television assembly plant in Portugal; in 1984, a plant in
New York; in 1985, a plant in Tokyo; in 1987, a facility in England; and another facility in Austin, Texas, in 1996. As of 2012,
Samsung has invested more than US$13,000,000,000 in the Austin facility, which operates under the name Samsung Austin
Semiconductor. This makes the Austin location the largest foreign investment in Texas and one of the largest single foreign
investments in the United States.[26][27]

1990–2000
Samsung started to rise as an international corporation in the 1990s. Samsung's construction branch was awarded contracts to build
one of the two Petronas Towers in Malaysia, Taipei 101 in Taiwan and the Burj Khalifa in United Arab Emirates.[28] In 1993, Lee
Kun-hee sold off ten of Samsung Group's subsidiaries, downsized the company, and merged other operations to concentrate on three
industries: electronics, engineering and chemicals. In 1996, the Samsung Group reacquired the Sungkyunkwan University
foundation.

Samsung became the world's largest producer of memory chips in 1992 and is the world's second-largest chipmaker after Intel (see
Worldwide Top 20 Semiconductor Market Share Ranking Year by Year).[29] In 1995, it created its first liquid-crystal display screen.
Ten years later, Samsung grew to be the world's largest manufacturer of liquid-crystal display panels. Sony, which had not invested in
large-size TFT-LCDs, contacted Samsung to cooperate, and, in 2006,S-LCD was established as a joint venture between Samsung and
Sony in order to provide a stable supply of LCD panels for both manufacturers.
S-LCD was owned by Samsung (50% plus one share)
and Sony (50% minus one share) and operates its factories and facilities in Tangjung, South Korea. As of 26 December 2011, it was
[30]
announced that Samsung had acquired the stake of Sony in this joint venture.
Compared to other major Korean companies, Samsung survived the 1997 Asian financial crisis relatively unharmed. However,
Samsung Motor was sold to Renault at a significant loss. As of 2010, Renault Samsung is 80.1 percent owned by Renault and 19.9
percent owned by Samsung. Additionally, Samsung manufactured a range of aircraft from the 1980s to 1990s. The company was
founded in 1999 as Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI), the result of a merger between then three domestic major aerospace divisions
of Samsung Aerospace, Daewoo Heavy Industries and Hyundai Space and Aircraft Company. However, Samsung still manufactures
aircraft engines and gas turbines.[31]

2000–present
In 2010, Samsung announced a ten-year growth strategy centered around five
businesses.[32] One of these businesses was to be focused on
biopharmaceuticals, to which has committed₩2,100,000,000,000.[33]

In first quarter of 2012, Samsung Electronics became the world's largest

mobile phone maker by unit sales, overtaking Nokia, which had been the
market leader since 1998.[34][35]

On 24 August 2012, nine American jurors ruled that Samsung Electronics had
to pay Apple $1.05 billion in damages for violating six of its patents on The prominent Samsung sign inTimes
smartphone technology. The award was still less than the $2.5 billion requested Square, New York City
by Apple. The decision also ruled that Apple did not violate five Samsung
patents cited in the case.[36] Samsung decried the decision saying that the
move could harm innovation in the sector.[37] It also followed a South Korean ruling stating that both companies were guilty of
infringing on each other's intellectual property.[38] In first trading after the ruling, Samsung shares on the Kospi index fell 7.7%, the
largest fall since 24 October 2008, to 1,177,000 Korean won.[39] Apple then sought to ban the sales of eight Samsung phones
(Galaxy S 4G, Galaxy S2AT&T, Galaxy S2 Skyrocket, Galaxy S2 T-Mobile, Galaxy S2 Epic 4G, Galaxy S Showcase, Droid Charge
and Galaxy Prevail) in the United States[40] which has been denied by the court.[41]

In 2015, Samsung has been granted more U.S. patents than any other company - including IBM, Google, Sony, Microsoft and Apple.
The company received 7,679 utility patents through 1 December.[42]

On 2 August 2016, Samsung Electronics unveiled the Galaxy Note7 smartphone,[43] which went on sale on 19 August 2016.
However, in early September 2016, Samsung suspended sales of the phone and announced an informal recall. This occurred after
some units of the phones had batteries with a defect that caused them to produce excessive heat, leading to fires and explosions.
Samsung replaced the recalled units of the phones with a new version; however, it was later discovered that the new version of the
Galaxy Note 7 also had the battery defect. Samsung recalled all Galaxy Note7 smartphones worldwide on 10 October 2016, and
.[44][45][46]
permanently ended production of the phone the following day

Acquisitions and attempted acquisitions

[47]
Samsung has made the following acquisitions and attempted acquisitions:

Rollei – Swiss watch battle

Samsung Techwin acquired German camera-maker Rollei in 1995. Samsung (Rollei) used
its optic expertise on the crystals of a new line of 100% Swiss-made watches, designed by a
team of watchmakers at Nouvelle Piquerez S.A. in Bassequort, Switzerland. Rolex's decision
to fight Rollei on every front stemmed from the close resemblance between the two names
and fears that its sales would suffer as a consequence. In the face of such a threat, the
Geneva firm decided to confront. This was also a demonstration of the Swiss watch
industry's determination to defend itself when an established brand is threatened. Rolex
sees this front-line battle as vital for the entire Swiss watch industry. Rolex has succeeded in
keeping Rollei out of the German market. On 11 March 1995, the Cologne District court

prohibited the advertising and sale of Rollei watches on German territory.[48][49] In 1999,
 prohibited the advertising and sale of Rollei watches on German territory.[48][49] In 1999,
Rollei management bought out the company.[50]

Fokker – Dutch aircraft maker

Samsung lost a chance to revive its failed bid to take over Dutch aircraft maker Fokker when
other airplane makers rejected its offer to form a consortium. The three proposed partners—
Hyundai, Hanjin and Daewoo—notified the South Korean government that they would not
join Samsung Aerospace Industries.[51]

AST Research
Samsung bought AST (1994) in a failed attempt to break into the North American computer
market. Samsung was forced to close the California-based computer maker following mass
resignations of research staff and a string of losses.[52]

FUBU – clothing and apparel

In 1992, American fashion entrepreneur Daymond John started the company with a hat
collection that was made in the basement of his house in the Queens area of New York City.
To fund the company, John had to mortgage his house for $100,000. With his friends
J. Alexander Martin, Carl Brown and Keith Perrin, half of his house was turned into the first
factory of FUBU, while the other half remained as the living quarters. Along with the
expansion of FUBU, Samsung invested in FUBU in 1995.[53]

Lehman Brothers Holdings' Asian operations

Samsung Securities was one of a handful of brokerages looking into Lehman Brothers
Holdings. But Nomura Holdings has reportedly waved the biggest check to win its bid for
Lehman Brothers Holdings' Asian operations, beating out Samsung Securities, Standard
Chartered and Barclays.[54] Ironically, after few months Samsung Securities Co., Ltd. and
City of London-based N M Rothschild & Sons (more commonly known simply as
Rothschild) have agreed to form a strategic alliance in investment banking business. Two
parties will jointly work on cross border mergers and acquisition deals.[55]

MEDISON Co.,Ltd. – ultrasound monitors

In December 2010, Samsung Electronics bought MEDISON Co., a South Korean medical-
equipment company, the first step in a long-discussed plan to diversify from consumer
electronics.[56]

Grandis Inc. – memory developer

In July 2011, Samsung announced that it had acquired spin-transfer torque random access
memory (MRAM) vendor Grandis Inc.[57] Grandis will become a part of Samsung's R&D
operations and will focus on development of next generation random-access memory.[58]

Samsung and Sony joint venture – liquid crystal displays

On 26 December 2011 the board of Samsung Electronics approved a plan to buy Sony's
entire stake in their 2004 joint liquid crystal display (LCD) venture for 1.08 trillion won
($938.97 million).[59]

mSpot, Inc – music service

On 9 May 2012, mSpot announced that it had been acquired by Samsung Electronics with
the intention of a cloud based music service.[60] The succeeding service was Samsung
Music Hub.

NVELO, Inc. – cache software developer

In December 2012, Samsung announced that it had acquired the privately held storage
software vendor NVELO, Inc., based in Santa Clara, California.[61] NVELO will become part
of Samsung's R&D operations, and will focus on software for intelligently managing and
optimizing next-generation Samsung SSD storage subsystems for consumer and enterprise
computing platforms.
NeuroLogica – portable CT scanner
In January 2013, Samsung announced that it has acquired medical imaging company
NeuroLogica, part of the multinational conglomerate's plans to build a leading medical
technology business. Terms of the deal were not disclosed.[62]

SmartThings – home automation

On 14 August 2014, Samsung acquired SmartThings, a fast-growing home automation
startup. The company isn't releasing the acquisition price, but TechCrunch reported a $200
million pricetag when first caught word of the deal in July 2014.[63]

Quietside – U.S. air conditioner firm

On 19 August 2014, Samsung said it had acquired U.S. air conditioner distributor Quietside
LLC as part of its push to strengthen its "smart home" business. A Samsung Electronics
spokesman said the South Korean company acquired 100 percent of Quietside, but declined
to elaborate on the price or other details.[64]

Proximal Data – data virtualization

3 November 2014, Samsung announced it had acquired Proximal Data, Inc., a San Diego,
California-based pioneer of server-side caching software with I/O intelligence that work
within virtualized systems.[65]

LoopPay – U.S. mobile payments firm

On 18 February 2015, Samsung acquired U.S.-based mobile payments firm "LoopPay" -
This allows Samsung in smartphone transactions.[66]

YESCO Electronics – U.S.-based manufacturer of light emitting diode displays

On 5 March 2015, Samsung acquired small U.S.-based manufacturer of light emitting diode
displays, YESCO Electronics, which focuses on making digital billboards and message
signs.[67]

Viv – intelligent personal assistant

On 5 October 2016, Samsung announced it had acquired Viv, a company working on
artificial intelligence.[68]

Rich Communications Services – text messaging standard

On 15 November 2016, Samsung Canada announced it has acquired Rich Communications
Services, a company working on a new technology for text messaging.[69]

Sold parts

Samsung Techwin
Samsung Techwin was listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 012450), with its principal activities being the
development and manufacture of surveillance, aeronautics, optoelectronics, automations and weapons technology. It was announced
to be sold to Hanwha Group in December 2014[70] and the take-over completed in June 2015.[71]

Samsung Thales
Samsung Thales Co., Ltd. (until 2001 known as Samsung Thomson-CSF Co., Ltd.) was a joint venture between Samsung Techwin
and the France-based aerospace and defence company Thales. It was established in 1978 and is based in Seoul.[72] Samsung's
involvement was passed on to Hanwha Group as part of the eTchwin transaction.[71]

Samsung General Chemicals

Samsung Total
Samsung Total was a 50:50 joint venture between Samsung and the France-based oil group Total S.A. (more specifically Samsung
General Chemicals and Total Petrochemicals). Samsung's role was passed on to Hanwha Group when the latter acquired Samsung
General Chemicals.[71]

Operations
Samsung comprises around 80 companies.[73] It is highly diversified,
with activities in areas including construction, consumer electronics,
financial services, shipbuilding and medical services.[73]

In FY 2009, Samsung reported consolidated revenues of 220 trillion

KRW ($172.5 billion). In FY 2010, Samsung reported consolidated
revenues of 280 trillion KRW ($258 billion), and profits of 30 trillion
KRW ($27.6 billion) (based upon a KRW-USD exchange rate of 1,084.5
KRW per USD, the spot rate as of 19 August 2011).[74] These amounts
do not include the revenues from all of Samsung's subsidiaries based The Samsung Library atSungkyunkwan
outside South Korea.[75] University Natural Sciences Campus in Suwon,
South Korea

Affiliates
As of April 2011, the Samsung Group comprised 59 unlisted companies and 19
listed companies, all of which had their primary listing on theKorea Exchange.[76]

Ace Digitech is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 036550).

Cheil Industries is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number

001300).[77]

Cheil Worldwide is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 030000).

Credu is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 067280).

Imarket Korea is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 122900).

Samsung Card is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 029780).

Samsung SDS is a multinational IT Service company headquartered in Seoul. It was

founded in March 1985. Its principal activity is the providing IT system(ERP, IT
Infrastructure, IT Consulting, IT Outsourcing, Data Center). Samsung SDS is the Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance
Korea's largest IT service company. It achieved total revenues of 6,105.9 billion won HQ
(US$5.71 billion) in 2012.

Samsung C&T Corporationis listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (000830).

Samsung Electro-Mechanics, established in 1973 as a manufacturer of key electronic components, is headquartered in Suwon,
[78]
Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. It is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 009150).

Samsung Electronics
Samsung Electronics is a multinational electronics and information technology company headquartered in Suwon and the flagship
company of the Samsung Group.[79] Its products include air conditioners, computers, digital televisions, liquid crystal displays
(including thin film transistors (TFTs) and active-matrix organic light-emitting diodes (AMOLEDs)), mobile phones, monitors,
printers, refrigerators, semiconductors and telecommunications networking
equipment.[80] It is the world's largest mobile phone maker by unit sales in the first
quarter of 2012, with a global market share of 25.4%.[81] It is also the world's
second-largest semiconductor maker by 2011 revenues (after Intel).[82]

Samsung Electronics is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number

005930).

Samsung Engineering Samsung's Silicon Valley

Samsung Engineering is a multinational construction company headquartered in headquarters in the North San Jose
Innovation District.
Seoul. It was founded in January 1969. Its principal activity is the construction of oil
refining plants; upstream oil and gas facilities; petrochemical plants and gas plants;
steel making plants; power plants; water treatment facilities; and other infrastructure.[83] It achieved total revenues of 9,298.2 billion
won (US$8.06 billion) in 2011.[84]

Samsung Engineering is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 02803450).

Samsung Everland
Samsung Everland covers the three main sectors of Environment & Asset, Food Culture and Resort.

Samsung Fine Chemicals

Samsung Fine Chemicals is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 004000).

Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance

Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance is a multinational general insurance company headquartered in Seoul.[85] It was founded in
January 1952 as Korea Anbo Fire and Marine Insurance and was renamed Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance in December 1993.[86]
Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance offers services including accident insurance, automobile insurance, casualty insurance, fire
insurance, liability insurance, marine insurance, personal pensions and loans.[87] As of March 2011 it had operations in 10 countries
and 6.5 million customers. Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance had a total premium income of $11.7 billion in 2011 and total assets of
$28.81 billion on 31 March 2011. It is the largest provider of general insurance in South Korea. Samsung Fire has been listed on the
[87]
Korea Exchange stock-exchange since 1975 (number 000810).

Samsung Heavy Industries

Samsung Heavy Industries is a shipbuilding and engineering company headquartered in Seoul. It was founded in August 1974. Its
principal products are bulk carriers, container vessels, crude oil tankers, cruisers, passenger ferries, material handling equipment steel
and bridge structures.[88] It achieved total revenues of 13,358.6 billion won in 2011 and is the world's second-largest shipbuilder by
revenues (after Hyundai Heavy Industries).[89][90]

Samsung Heavy Industries is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 010140).

Samsung Life Insurance

Samsung Life Insurance Co., Ltd. is a multinational life insurance company headquartered in Seoul. It was founded in March 1957 as
Dongbang Life Insurance and became an affiliate of the Samsung Group in July 1963.[91] Samsung Life's principal activity is the
provision of individual life insurance and annuity products and services.[92] As of December 2011 it had operations in seven
countries, 8.08 million customers and 5,975 employees.[91] Samsung Life had total sales of 22,717 billion won in 2011 and total
1.[91] It is the largest provider of life insurance in SouthKorea.
assets of 161,072 billion won at 31 December 201
Samsung Life Insurance is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 032830)

Samsung Machine Tools

Samsung Machine Tools of America is a national distributor of machines in the United States. Samsung GM Machine Tools is the
head office of China, It is an SMEC Legal incorporated company.[93]

Samsung Medical Center

The Samsung Medical Center was founded on 9 November 1994, under the philosophy of "contributing to improving the nation's
health through the best medical service, advanced medical research and development of outstanding medical personnel". The
Samsung Medical Center consists of a hospital and a cancer center. The hospital is located in an intelligent building with floor space
of more than 200,000 square meters and 20 floors above ground and 5 floors underground, housing 40 departments, 10 specialist
centers, 120 special clinics and 1,306 beds.

The 655-bed Cancer Center has 11 floors above ground and 8 floors underground, with floor space of over 100,000 square meters.
SMC is a tertiary hospital manned by approximately 7,400 staff including over 1,200 doctors and 2,300 nurses. Since its foundation,
the Samsung Medical Center has successfully incorporated and developed an advanced model with the motto of becoming a "patient-
centered hospital", a new concept in Korea.

Samsung SDI
Samsung SDI is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 006400). On 5 December 2012, the European Union's
antitrust regulator fined Samsung SDI and several other major companies for fixing prices of TV cathode-ray tubes in two cartels
lasting nearly a decade.[94] SSDI also builds lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles such as the BMW i3, and acquired Magna
Steyr's battery plant near Graz in 2015.[95] SSDI began using the "21700" cell format in August 2015.[96] Samsung plans to convert
its factory in Göd, Hungary to supply 50,000 cars per year.[97]

Samsung Securities
Samsung Securities is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 016360).

Samtron
Samtron was a subsidiary of Samsung until 1999 when it became independent. After that, it continued to make computer monitors
and plasma displays until 2003, Samtron became Samsung when Samtron was a brand. In 2003 the website redirected to Samsung.

Shilla Hotels and Resorts

Hotel Shilla (also known as "The Shilla") opened in March 1979, following the intention of the late Lee Byung-chull, the founder of
the Samsung Group. Hosting numerous state visits and international events, it has played the role of locomotive for the service
industry in Korea with pride and responsibility as "the face representing the Samsung Group" and "the hotel representing Korea".
Hotel Shilla maintains elegance and a tradition of winning guests' hearts with the aim of becoming "the best hospitality company".
By joining LHW, it is on par with the most luxurious hotels in the world. Meanwhile, it has added modernistic design elements on top
of the roof called tradition, thus going through changes to make itself a premium lifestyle space. In addition, with its know-how as a
service company in the background, it started a duty-free shop business, and has built its image as the best global distribution
company. Also, it is expanding its business into commissioned management of fitness facilities with five-star hotels in Korea and
abroad as well as into the restaurant business. Hotel Shilla promises to be a globally prestigious hospitality company that offers the
best value for money by making creative innovations and continuously taking on challenges.

Shilla Hotels and Resorts is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 008770).
S-1 Corporation
S-1 was founded as Korea's first specialized security business in 1997 and has maintained its position at the top of industry with the
consistent willingness to take on challenges. S1 Corporation is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 012750).

Samsung Taepyeong-ro HQ in Jung Samsung Engineering India Office- New

District, Seoul Delhi, India

Samsung Japan's regional HQ at The Samsung Hub, formerly 3 Church

Roppongi, Minato, Tokyo, Japan Street, is a skyscraper located in the
Downtown Core of Singapore.

Joint ventures
State-run Korea Agro-Fisheries Trade Corp. set up the venture, aT Grain Co., in Chicago, with three other South Korean companies,
Korea Agro-Fisheries owns 55 percent of aT Grain, while Samsung C&T Corp,
Hanjin Transportation Co. andSTX Corporation each
hold 15 percent.[98]

Brooks Automation Asia Co., Ltd. is a joint venture between Brooks Automation (70%) and Samsung (30%) which was established
in 1999. The venture locally manufactures and configure vacuum wafer handling platforms and 300mm Front-Opening Unified Pod
flat panel displays.[99]
(FOUP) load port modules, and designs, manufactures and configures atmospheric loading systems for

Company POSS – SLPC s.r.o. was founded in 2007 as a subsidiary of Samsung C & T Corporation, Samsung C & T Deutschland
and the company POSCO.[100]

Samsung Air China Life Insurance is a 50:50 joint venture between Samsung Life Insuranceand China National Aviation Holding. It
was established in Beijing in July 2005.[101]

Samsung Biologics will be jointly owned. Samsung Electronics Co. and Samsung Everland Inc. will each own a 40 percent stake in
the venture, with Samsung C&T Corp. and Durham, North Carolina-based Quintiles each holding 10 percent. It will contract-make
medicines made from living cells, and Samsung Group plans to expand into producing copies of biologics including Rituxan, the
leukemia and lymphoma treatment sold by Roche Holding AG and Biogen Idec Inc.[102]
Samsung Bioepis is a joint venture between Samsung Biologics (85%) and the U.S.-based Biogen Idec (15%).[103] In 2014, Biogen
[104]
Idec agreed to commercialize futureanti-TNF biosimilar products in Europe through Samsung Bioepis.

Samsung BP Chemicals, based in Ulsan, is a 49:51 joint venture between Samsung and the UK-based BP, which was established in
1989 to produce and supply high-value-added chemical products. Its products are used in rechargeable batteries and liquid crystal
displays.[105][106][107]

Samsung Corning Precision Glass is a joint venture between Samsung and Corning, which was established in 1973 to manufacture
and market cathode ray tube glass for black and white televisions. The company's first LCD glass substrate manufacturing facility
opened in Gumi, South Korea, in 1996.

Samsung Sumitomo LED Materials is a Korea-based joint venture between Samsung LED Co., Ltd., an LED maker based in Suwon,
Korea-based and the Japan-based Sumitomo Chemical. The JV will carry out research and development, manufacturing and sales of
sapphire substrates for LEDs.[108]

SB LiMotive is a 50:50 joint company of Robert Bosch GmbH (commonly known as Bosch) and Samsung SDI founded in June
2008. The joint venture develops and manufactures lithium-ion batteries for use in hybrid-, plug-in hybrid vehicles and electric
vehicles.

SD Flex Co., Ltd. was founded on October 2004 as a joint venture corporation by Samsung and DuPont, one of the world's largest
chemical companies.[109]

Sermatech Korea owns 51% of its stock, while Samsung owns the remaining 49%. The U.S. firm Sermatech International, for a
[110]
business specializing in aircraft construction processes such as special welding and brazing.

Siam Samsung Life Insurance: Samsung Life Insurance holds a 37% stake while the Saha Group also has a 37.5% stake in the joint
[111]
venture, with the remaining 25% owned by Thanachart Bank.

Siltronic Samsung Wafer Pte. Ltd, the joint venture by Samsung and wholly owned Wacker Chemie subsidiary Siltronic, was
officially opened in Singapore in June 2008.[112]

SMP Ltd. is a joint venture between Samsung Fine Chemicals and MEMC. MEMC Electronic Materials Inc. and an affiliate of
Korean conglomerate Samsung are forming a joint venture to build apolysilicon plant.

Toray Industries in 1995.[113]

Steco is the joint venture established between Samsung Electronics and Japan's

T Industries in 1995.[114]
Stemco is a joint venture established between Samsung Electro-Mechanics andoray

Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corporation(TSST) is joint venture between Samsung Electronics andToshiba of Japan which
specialises in optical disc drive manufacturing. TSST was formed in 2004, and Toshiba owns 51% of its stock, while Samsung owns
the remaining 49%.

Defunct
In 1998, Samsung created a U.S. joint venture with Compaq—called Alpha Processor Inc. (API)--to help it enter the high-end
processor market. The venture was also aimed at expanding Samsung's non-memory chip business by fabricating Alpha processors.
.[115]
At the time, Samsung and Compaq invested $500 million in Alpha Processor

GE Samsung Lighting was a joint venture between Samsung and the GE Lighting subsidiary of General Electric. The venture was
established in 1998 and was broken up in 2009.[116]

Global Steel Exchange was a joint venture formed in 2000 between Samsung, the U.S.-based Cargill, the Switzerland-based Duferco
Group, and the Luxembourg-based Tradearbed (now part of the ArcelorMittal), to handle their online buying and selling of steel.[117]
S-LCD Corporation was a joint venture between Samsung Electronics (50% plus one share) and the Japan-based Sony Corporation
(50% minus one share) which was established in April 2004. On 26 December 2011, Samsung Electronics announced that it would
acquire all of Sony's shares in the venture.

Partially owned companies

Atlântico Sul
Samsung Heavy Industries owns 10% of the Brazilian shipbuilder Atlântico Sul, whose Atlântico Sul Shipyard is the largest shipyard
in South America. The Joao Candido, Brazil's largest ship, was built by Atlântico Sul with technology licensed by Samsung Heavy
Industries.[118] The companies have a technical assistance agreement through which industrial design, vessel engineering and other
know-how is being transferred to Atlântico Sul.[119]

DGB Financial Group

Samsung Life Insurance currently holds a 7.4% stake in the South Korean banking company DGB Financial Group, making it the
largest shareholder.[120]

Corning Inc.
Samsung acquired 7.4% ofGorilla Glass maker Corning, signing a long-term supply deal.[121]

Doosan Engine
Samsung Heavy Industries currently holds a 14.1% stake inDoosan Engine, making it the second-largest shareholder.[122]

Korea Aerospace Industries

Samsung Techwin currently holds a 10% stake in Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI). Other major shareholders include the state-
owned Korea Finance Corporation (26.75%),Hyundai Motor (10%) and Doosan (10%).[123]

MEMC KOREA
MEMC's joint venture with Samsung Electronics Company, Ltd. In 1990, MEMC entered into a joint venture agreement to construct
a silicon plant in Korea.[124]

Pantech
Samsung buys 10% stake in rival phone makerPantech.[125]

Rambus Incorporated
Samsung currently owns 4.19% ofRambus Incorporated.[126]

Renault Samsung Motors

Samsung currently owns 19.9% of the automobile manufacturerRenault Samsung Motors.

Seagate Technology
Samsung currently owns 9.6% of Seagate Technology, making it the second-largest shareholder. Under a shareholder agreement,
[127]
Samsung has the right to nominate an executive to Seagate's Board of Directors.
Sharp Corporation
Samsung owns 3% ofSharp Corporation, a rival company.[128]

SungJin Geotec
fshore oil drilling company that is a subsidiary ofPOSCO.[129]
Samsung Engineering holds a 10% stake in Sungjin Geotec, an of

Taylor Energy
Taylor Energy is an independent American oil company that drills in the Gulf of Mexico based in New Orleans, Louisiana.[130]
Samsung Oil & Gas USA Corp., subsidiaries of Samsung, currently owns 20% ofaylor
T Energy.

Wacom
Samsung owns 5% ofWacom.[131]

Major clients
Major clients of Samsung include:

Royal Dutch Shell

Samsung Heavy Industries will be the sole provider of
liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage facilities worth up to
US$50 billion to Royal Dutch Shell for the next 15
years.[133][134]

Shell unveiled plans to build the world's first floating

liquefied natural gas (FLNG) platform. In October
2012[135] at Samsung Heavy Industries' shipyard on The world's largest oil and gas
Geoje Island in South Korea work started on a "ship" project, Sakhalin II- Lunskoye
that, when finished and fully loaded, will weigh 600,000 platform under construction. The
tonnes, the world's biggest "ship". That is six times topside facilities of the LUN-A
larger than the largest U.S. aircraft carrier.[136] (Lunskoye) and PA-B (Piltun
Astokhskoye) platforms are being
United Arab Emirates government built at the Samsung Heavy Industry
A consortium of South Korean firms, including Samsung, shipyard in South Korea.[132]
Korea Electric Power Corporation and Hyundai, won a
deal worth $40 billion to build nuclear power plants in the
United Arab Emirates.[137]

Ontario government
The government of the Canadian province of Ontario signed off one of the world's largest
renewable energy projects, signing a deal worth $6.6 billion for an additional 2,500 MW of
new wind and solar energy. Under the agreement, a consortium led by Samsung and the
Korea Electric Power Corporation will manage the development of 2,000 MW-worth of new
wind farms and 500 MW of solar capacity, while also building a manufacturing supply chain
in the province.[138]

Corporate image
 First Samsung logo. 1960s-1993, as 1970s 1980-1993, as Samsung
corporate logo Electronics logo

1993-2013, though still Samsung's wordmark

used by other Samsung and current corporate
companies than its logo.
electronics segment.

The basic color in the logo is blue, which Samsung has employed for years, supposedly symbolizing stability, reliability and
corporate social responsibility.[139]

Audio logo
Samsung has an audio logo, which consists of the notes E♭, A♭, D♭, E♭; after the initial E♭ tone it is up a perfect fourth to A♭, down a
perfect fifth to D♭, then up a major second to return to the initial E♭ tone. The audio logo was produced by Musikvergnuegen and
written by Walter Werzowa.[140][141]

Font
In July 2016, Samsung unveiled its SamsungOne font, a typeface that hopes to give a consistent and universal visual identity to the
wide range of Samsung products. SamsungOne was designed to be used across Samsung's diverse device portfolio, with a focus on
legibility for everything from smaller devices like smartphones to larger connected TVs or refrigerators, as well as Samsung
ferent languages through over 25,000 characters.[142]
marketing and advertisements. The font family supports 400 dif

Samsung Medical Center

Samsung donates around US$100 million per annum to theSamsung Medical Center, a non-profit healthcare provider founded by the
group in 1994.[143] Samsung Medical Center incorporates Samsung Seoul Hospital, Kangbook Samsung Hospital, Samsung
Changwon Hospital, Samsung Cancer Center and Samsung Life Sciences Research Center. The Samsung Cancer Center, located in
Seoul, is the largest cancer center in Asia.[144]

Samsung Medical Center and pharmaceutical multinational Pfizer have agreed to collaborate on research to identify the genomic
mechanisms responsible for clinical outcomes inhepatocellular carcinoma.
Sponsorships
Samsung Electronics spent an estimated $14 billion (U.S.) on advertising and
marketing in 2013. At 5.4% of annual revenue, this is a larger proportion than any of
the world's top-20 companies by sales (Apple spent 0.6% and General Motors spent
3.5%). Samsung became the world's biggest advertiser in 2012, spending $4.3
billion, compared to Apple's $1 billion. Samsung's global brand value of $39.6
billion is less than half that of Apple.[145]

Controversies
A Samsung display in Salt Lake City
during the 2002 Winter Olympics
Financial scandals
In 2007, former Samsung chief lawyer Kim Yong Chul claimed that he was involved
in bribing and fabricating evidence on behalf of the group's chairman Lee Kun-hee and the company. Kim said that Samsung lawyers
trained executives to serve as scapegoats in a "fabricated scenario" to protect Lee, even though those executives were not involved.
Kim also told the media that he was "sidelined" by Samsung after he refused to pay a $3.3 million bribe to the U.S. Federal District
Court judge presiding over a case where two of their executives were found guilty on charges related to memory chip price fixing.
Kim revealed that the company had raised a large amount of secret funds through bank accounts illegally opened under the names of
[146]
up to 1,000 Samsung executives—under his own name, four accounts were opened to manage 5 billion won.

Antitrust concerns
"You can even say the Samsung chairman is more powerful than the President of South Korea. [South] Korean people have come to
think of Samsung as invincible and above the law", said Woo Suk-hoon, host of a popular economics podcast in a Washington Post
article headlined "In South Korea, the Republic of Samsung", published on 9 December 2012. Critics claimed that Samsung knocked
out smaller businesses, limiting choices for South Korean consumers, and sometimes colluded with fellow giants to fix prices while
bullying those who investigate. Lee Jung-hee, a South Korean presidential candidate, said in a debate, "Samsung has the government
bureaucracy".[147]
in its hands. Samsung manages the legal world, the press, the academics and

Viral marketing
The Fair Trade Commission of Taiwan is investigating Samsung and its local Taiwanese advertising agency for false advertising. The
case was commenced after the Commission received complaints stating that the agency hired students to attack competitors of
Samsung Electronics in online forums.[148] Samsung Taiwan made an announcement on its Facebook page in which it stated that it
had not interfered with any evaluation report and had stopped online marketing campaigns that constituted posting or responding to
content in online forums.[149]

Labor abuses
Samsung was the subject of several complaints about child labor in its supply chain from 2012 to 2015.

In July 2014, Samsung cut its contract with Shinyang Electronics after it received a complaint about the company violating child
labor laws.[150] Samsung says that its investigation turned up evidence of Shinyang using underage workers and that it severed
relations immediately per its "zero tolerance" policy for child labor violations.

One of Samsung's Chinese supplier factories, HEG, was criticized for using underage workers by China Labor Watch (CLW) in July
2014. HEG denied the charges and has sued China Labor Watch.[151][152]
CLW issued a statement in August 2014 claiming that HEG employed over ten children under the age of 16 at a factory in Huizhou,
Guangdong. The group said the youngest child identified was 14 years old. Samsung said that it conducted an onsite investigation of
the production line that included one-on-one interviews but found no evidence of child labor being used. CLW responded that HEG
[150]
had already dismissed the workers described in its statement before Samsung's investigators arrived.

CLW also claimed that HEG violated overtime rules for adult workers. CLW said a female college student was only paid her standard
wage despite working four hours of overtime per day even though Chinese law requires ovetime pay at 1.5 to 2.0 times standard
wages.[150]

Price fixing
On 19 October 2011, Samsung companies was fined €145,727,000 for being part of a price cartel of ten companies for DRAMs
which lasted from 1 July 1998 to 15 June 2002. The companies received, like most of the other members of the cartel, a 10-%
reduction for acknowledging the facts to investigators. Samsung had to pay 90% of their share of the settlement, but Micron avoided
[153]
payment as a result of having initially revealed the case to investigators.

In Canada, during 1999, some DRAM micro chip manufacturers conspired to price fix, among the accused included Samsung. The
price fix was investigated in 2002. A recession started to occur that year, and the price fix ended; however, in 2014, the Canadian
government reopened the case and investigated silently. Sufficient evidence was found and presented to Samsung and two other
manufacturers during a class action lawsuit hearing. The companies agreed upon a $120 million agreement, with $40 million as a
fine, and $80 Million to be paid back to Canadians who purchased a computer, printer, MP3 player, gaming console or camera from
April 1999 to June 2002.[154]

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External links
Official website
Samsung Group (in Korean)
Samsung Group (in Chinese)

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