Menghitung Pressure Loss

Pipe Pressure Loss Calculator
Wall drag and changes in height lead to pressure drops in pipe fluid flow.
To calculate the pressure drop and flowrates in a section of uniform pipe running from Point A to Point
Note that a positive ∆z means that B is higher than A, whereas a negative ∆z means that B is lower th
Inputs
Pressure at A (absolute): kPa
Average fluid velocity in pipe, V: m/s
Pipe diameter, D: cm
Pipe relative roughness, e/D: m/m
Pipe length from A to B, L: m
Elevation gain from A to B, ∆z: m
Fluid density, ρ: kg/l
Fluid viscosity (dynamic), µ: cP
Answers
Reynolds Number, R: 1.00 × 105

Friction Factor, f: 0.0180
Pressure at B: 95.5 kPa kPa
Pressure Drop: 4.50 kPa
Volume Flowrate: 7.85 l/s l/s
Mass Flowrate: 7.85 kg/s kg/s
CalculateAgain DefaultValue s
Hint: To Calculate a Flowrate

You can solve for flowrate from a known pressure drop using this calculator (instead of solving for a p
Proceed by guessing the velocity and inspecting the calculated pressure drop. Refine your velocity gu
Equations used in the Calculation
Changes to inviscid, incompressible flow moving from Point A to Point B along a pipe are described by
where p is the pressure, V is the average fluid velocity, ρ is the fluid density, z is the pipe elevation ab
Bernoulli's equation states that the total head h along a streamline (parameterized by x) remains con
that velocity head can be converted into gravity head and/or pressure head (or vice-versa), such that
stays constant. No energy is lost in such a flow.
For real viscous fluids, mechanical energy is converted into heat (in the viscous boundary layer along
where D is the pipe diameter. As the flow moves down the pipe, viscous head slowly accumulates tak
For pipe flow, we assume that the pipe diameter D stays constant. By continuity, we then know that th
where L is the pipe length between points A and B, and ∆z is the change in pipe elevation
The viscous head term is scaled by the pipe friction factor f. In general, f depends on the Reynolds Nu
The roughness measure e is the average size of the bumps on the pipe wall. The relative roughness
For laminar flow (R < 2000 in pipes), f can be deduced analytically. The answer is,
For turbulent flow (R > 3000 in pipes), f is determined from experimental curve fits. One such fit is pr
The solutions to this equation plotted versus R make up the popular Moody Chart for pipe flow,
The calculator above first computes the Reynolds Number for the flow. It then computes the friction fa
ning from Point A to Point B, enter the parameters below. The pipe is assumed to be relatively straight (no shar
means that B is lower than A.
(instead of solving for a pressure drop from a known flowrate or velocity).
p. Refine your velocity guess until the calculated pressure drop matches your data.
g a pipe are described by Bernoulli's equation,

z is the pipe elevation above some datum, and g is the gravity acceleration constant.
terized by x) remains constant. This means

(or vice-versa), such that the total head h
ous boundary layer along the pipe walls) and is lost from the flow. Therefore one cannot use Bernoulli's principle
d slowly accumulates taking available head away from the pressure, gravity, and velocity heads. Still, the total
uity, we then know that the fluid velocity V stays constant along the pipe. With D and V constant we can integra
pipe elevation (zB - zA). Note that ∆z will be negative if the pipe at B is lower than at A.
pends on the Reynolds Number R of the pipe flow, and the relative roughness e/D of the pipe wall,
The relative roughness e/D is therefore the size of the bumps compared to the diameter of the pipe. For comm
rve fits. One such fit is provided by Colebrook,
Chart for pipe flow,

vely straight (no sharp bends), such that changes in pressure are due mostly to elevation changes and wall frict
e Bernoulli's principle of conserved head (or energy) to calculate flow parameters. Still, one can keep track of t
heads. Still, the total head h (or energy) remains constant.
nstant we can integrate the viscous head equation and solve for the pressure at Point B,
f the pipe. For commercial pipes this is usually a very small number. Note that perfectly smooth pipes would ha
hanges and wall friction. (The default calculation is for a smooth horizontal pipe carrying water, with answers ro
e can keep track of this lost head by introducing another term (called viscous head) into Bernoulli's equation to
mooth pipes would have a roughness of zero.

water, with answers rounded to 3 significant figures.)
ernoulli's equation to get,
Kekentalan Fluida (dinamik), m: 1
12
10
6 Kekentalan Fluida
(dinamik), m: 1
0
Masukan Data
Tekanan di titik A (absolute), pA: 100 kPa
Kecepatan rata-rata fluida di dalam pipa pipe, V: 0.5 m/detik
Diameter Pipa, D: 10 cm
Material Pipa, e: 45 mikron
Kekasaran Relatif Pipa, e/D: 0
Panjang Pipa dari titik A ke B, L: 50 m
Perbedaan Ketinggian dari A ke B, ∆z: 10 m
Massa jenis Fluida, ρ: 1000 kg/m3
Kekentalan Fluida (dinamik), µ: 1 cP
Daya Listrik Pompa: 500 Watt
Jawaban
Bilangan Reynolds, Re: 5.00E+04
Faktor Gesekan, f: 0.02
0.00
Tekanan di titik B, pB: 0.5 kPa
Pressure Drop: 99.5 kPa
Volume Flowrate: 3.93 liter/detik
Mass Flowrate: 3.93 kg/detik
Daya Hidrolik: 390.74 Watt
Efisiensi Pompa: 78.15%
Kekasaran Absolut, e
Material Pipa
x 106 ft mikron
Perunggu (tarik dingin) 5 1,5
Tembaga (tarik dingin) 5 1,5
Baja komersial 150 45
Besi kasar 150 45
Besi cor (aspal) 400 120
Baja galvanis 500 150
Besi cor 850 260
Wood stave 600 - 3.000 0,2 - 0,9 mm
Beton 1.000 - 10.000 0,3 - 3 mm
Baja berrivet 3.000 - 30.000 0,9 - 9 mm

Menghitung Pressure Loss

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Pipe Pressure Loss Calculator

Reynolds Number, R: 1.00 × 105

Hint: To Calculate a Flowrate

Equations used in the Calculation

means that B is lower than A.

(instead of solving for a pressure drop from a known flowrate or velocity).

g a pipe are described by Bernoulli's equation,

terized by x) remains constant. This means

rve fits. One such fit is provided by Colebrook,

Chart for pipe flow,

heads. Still, the total head h (or energy) remains constant.

mooth pipes would have a roughness of zero.

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