Scribd
Upload
224 views21 pages

Half-Wave Rectifier

The document discusses half-wave rectifiers including their operation with resistive and resistive-inductive loads. It also covers controlled half-wave rectifiers using thyristors and how varying the firing angle can control the output voltage and current waveform.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Anaz's
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
224 views21 pages

Half-Wave Rectifier

The document discusses half-wave rectifiers including their operation with resistive and resistive-inductive loads. It also covers controlled half-wave rectifiers using thyristors and how varying the firing angle can control the output voltage and current waveform.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Anaz's
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

1

Half-Wave Rectifiers
PLT207 Power Electronics
Course Learning Outcome (CLO)
2

• Ability to analyse operation and applications of power electronic


CLO1 devices and addressing the needs of EMC requirements.

• Ability to evaluate the performance of AC-DC converters.


CLO2

• Ability to evaluate the performance of AC-AC converters.


CLO3

• Ability to evaluate the performance of DC-DC converters.


CLO4

• Ability to evaluate the performance of DC-AC converters.


CLO5
Introduction
3

 Converts ac to dc.
 To produce an output that is:
-pure dc
-waveform that has a specific dc component

pure dc waveform that has a dc component


Resistive Load
4

 Diode allows current in positive direction and blocks


current in negative direction.
Resistive Load
5


1 V Vo Vm
Vo  Vavg 
2 0Vmsin(t)d(t)  m

Io  
R R


1 Vm Vrms Vm
Vrms   m
V sin( t) 2
d( t)  Irms  
2 0 2 R 2R

V 2 rms
P  I2 rms R
R
6
Resistive-Inductive Load
7

 Inductor current cannot change


instantaneously. It does not stop
instantly at π but continue to flow
until all magnetic energy stored in
inductor is released at β.
Resistive-Inductive Load
8

 Vm 

i  t    Z 
sin  t     sin    e t / 
 for 0  t  


0 for   t  2
 L  L
where Z  R 2   L  ,   tan 1 
2
 , and  
 R  R
Vm
i()  sin      sin    e/    0
Z  

Vm sin  t  for 0  t  



vo  t   

0 for   t  2
9
Freewheeling of Inductor Current
10

 Freewheeling diode is connected across RL load.


 During negative half cycle of ac source, freewheeling diode
is forward biased and inductor current freewheels.

D1 on, D2 off
when source
voltage is
positive (vs>0)

Freewheeling- D1
off, D2 on when
source voltage is
negative
(vs<0)
Freewheeling of Inductor Current
11

 The inductor charge up and reaches periodic steady-state


after a few periods (depending on then L/R time constant).
Freewheeling of Inductor Current
12

 The load voltage is a half wave rectified sine wave which


can be expressed as
Vm sin  t  for 0  t  

vo  t   

0 for   t  2
 The half-wave rectified sine wave can be expresses as a
Fourier Series 

 n
V V 2V
vo (t)  m
 m
sin  0 t   m
cos  n0 t 
 2 n  2,4,6...
2
1  

Load voltage and


current waveforms
at steady-state.
Freewheeling of Inductor Current
13

 If the inductance is infinitely large, the impedance of the


load to ac terms in the Fourier Series is infinite and
therefore the load current is purely dc. Voltage and
 The load current is then current
waveforms
V V L
i o  t   Io  o  m  at infinite L
R R R
 The ripple in load current
can be estimated as
Io  2I1
where I1 is amplitude of first
ac term in the Fourier Series
14
15
Controlled Half-Wave Rectifier
16

 The conduction of diodes are uncontrolled and therefore


the half-wave rectifiers analyzed previously are classified
as uncontrolled rectifiers.
 In uncontrolled rectifiers, the dc level of the output and
power transferred to the load are fixed once the source
and load parameters are established.
 To control the output of a half-wave rectifier, controllable
semiconductor switches can be used.
e.g. SCR: Conducts when,
1. SCR must be forward biased
2. current must be applied to the gate of SCR
Controlled Half-Wave Rectifier
17

Resistive load
 Load current starts
flowing at ωt=α and
stops at ωt=π.
Vm sin  t  for   t  

vo  t   

0 for   t  2  

Vm
Vo  1  cos  
2
Vm  sin(2)
Vrms  1 
2  2
18
Controlled Half-Wave Rectifier
19

RL load
 Load current starts flowing
at ωt=α and stops at ωt=β.
Controlled Half-Wave Rectifier
20
RL load
 Load current can be expressed as
 Vm 

i  t    Z  sin  t     sin      e ( t)/ 
 for   t  


0 otherwise
 The extinction angle, β can be obtained by solving
Vm
i   0  sin      sin      e()/  
Z  

 Output voltage can be expressed as

Vm sin  t  for   t  


 Vm
vo  t    Vo   cos   cos 

0 for   t  2   2
21

You might also like