CHAPTER 9: MUSIC APPRECIATION 1.

Harana
- First gained popularity in the early part of the
MUSIC
Spanish period
- A form of art - Influence from folk music of Spain and the
- Comes from the Greek word mousike by way of Mariachi sounds of Mexico
Latin musika - Traditional form of courtship music in which a
- It is ultimately derived from mousa, the Greek man woos a woman by singing underneath her
work for muse. window at night
- In Greek times, the word mousike – used to - Widely practiced in many parts of Philippines
mean any of the arts or sciences governed by with a set of protocols, a code of conduct and a
muses. specific style of music.
- Uses mainly Hispanic protocols in music
PHILIPPINE MUSIC GENRE although origins lie in the old pre-colonial
- The Philippines go with the flow to whatever is Philippine musical styles which still practiced
popular in the world around the country.
- Filipinos imitate a lot of things
- Music: one thing they use to go with the flow 2. Kundiman
- Through the years, Filipino music develops with - The moon is bright with stars twinkling like
the help of foreign musicians and musical styles diamonds – a man in love starts to play his guitar
according to what’s popular at the time. - as he plays, the window he’s facing opens and a
beautiful young maiden watches from above and
A. PREHISTORIC MUSIC smiles
- The datus and rich people sit together - man: starts to sing a kundiman classic and he
- Gong bands start to perform in front of them serenades the young maiden
- Wooden percussions sound the whole room - he finishes his song and asks the maiden for a
while a Tagalog jingle is sung. walk tomorrow afternoon beside a creek
- Gong and folk music: present before the - 1800s to 1950s: Kundiman era
Spaniards arrived. - Spaniards: introduced this kind of music genre
- Tagalog and Visayan jingles were composed. - Came from “kung hindi man” or “if not”
- Songs were short - Genre of melodramatic and sentimental songs
- Instruments: bamboo sticks and stones from the which are fit for serenades
ground - Tune is slow and its instruments include guitar
- Farmers: sing Tagalog jingles while planting rice - Voice: mellow and the lyrics: dramatic &
to boost their energy at work romantic
- Fishermen: whistle attractive sounds to call
fishes in the sea 3. Rondalla
- Tagalog and Visayan: composed songs with - Spain brought rondalla in the Philippines in the
gong bands – may entertain datus and sultans or 1800s
any royalty. - An ensemble of plectrum instruments
- Early Philippine rondalla: consisted primarily of
B. SPANISH INFLUENCE Western European symphonic overtures and
- Spanish and Mexican colonizers: left their arias from operas
musical mark on the Philippines – introducing - Its compatibility with native Philippine music
another rich culture, Christianity and its allowed the rondalla to figure prominently in
attendant religious music. Filipino rural community life, providing
- The guitar and other instruments, as well as accompaniment to folk dancing and singing as
zarzuela (a form of operatta): were popular well as the features ensemble.
o Soon became an important part of the - Standard Philippine rondalla consists of:
customs and traditional elements of the o Pear-shaped piccolo bandurria
culture of the Philippines o Bandduria
o La-ud
o Guitar-shaped octavina
 o Mandola - Almost immediately after the onslaught of rock in
o Guitara the Philippines: a lot of Filipino musicians turned
o Bajo de unas (which has been their energies into the mentioned genre.
supplanted by the double bass) - It did not take long before we had our own:
- Fashioned from common Philippine wood: o Elvis of the Philippines: Eddie Mesa (real
langka, pine, molave, cypress, narra, kamagong, name)
mahogany, yakal and acacia o Bobby Gonzales: one of the first to
- The instruments except for the guitara are become famous in the world of rock in the
grouped into sic tuning units Philippines with a big hit single called
- The doubling or tripling of strings: produces “Hahabul-habol”
better sound quality and volume - Late 1950s, native performers wrote Tagalog
lyrics for North American rock and roll music
C. NORTH AMERICAN INFLUENCE o Resulting in the beginning of Filipino rock
- United States: occupied the islands in 1898 until - Most notable achievement in Filipino rock of the
1935 1960s:
o introduced American blues, folk, R&B, o Hit song, “Killer Joe” – propelled the
rock & roll group “Rocky Fellers” to number 16 on
- even after the Republic of the Philippines the American radio charts
become an independent nation - Despite the Fellers family (father and 4 sons)
o most popular Filipino musicians recorded being of Manila origin
“covers” of American hit songs. o Song itself was written by US musicians
- American influence taught the Filipinos how to Bert Russell (Bert Berns), Bob Elgin and
create ad market their own performers Phil Medley
o Led to the emergence of superstars such  Critics: it wasn’t truly Filipino rock
as Martin Nievera, Sharon Cuneta, Gary - RJ Jacinto: also known as RJ
Valenciano, Lea Salonga and Regine o Started releasing instrumentals during
Velasquez 1960s
o His band took its style from the British
1. Filipino Rock Music/Alternative Bands band called the Shadows
- Rock: one of the most diverse type of music - In early 1970s, rock music began to be written
genre using local languages
- Some types of rock are often misunderstood by o Juan dela Cruz Band: being among the
the older generations as noise but in fact: first popular bands in the Philippines
o Rock: genius manifestation of the - Mixing Tagalog and English lyrics: popularly
versatility of music used within the same song, in songs like Ang
- Rock: often characterized and associated with Miss Universe ng Buhay Ko by the band Hotdog
rebellious behavior (helped innovate the Manila sound)
- Younger generations: mostly patronizes this - Mixing of two languages (Taglish) (while
type of music genre common in casual speech in PH) – seen as a
- A lot of Filipinos enjoy this type of music and in a bold move
much deeper sense relate to the theme a lot of - Success in Taglish in popular songs including
rock songs portray about Sharon Cuneta’s first hit, “Mr. DJ” – broke the
- It is so, since it cannot be denied that Philippines barrier forevermore
is a corrupt country - Filipino rock musicians added folk music and
- Younger generations who are at the receiving other influences
end of the inglorious effect brought about by - 1978: breakthrough success of Freddie Aguilar’s
corruption use rock as an outlet for their “Anak” (debut recording)
frustration and anger. o Most commercially successful Filipino
- Rock has invaded the Philippines not long after recording in history
invaded USA o Popular throughout Asia and Europe
o Has been translated into numerous
language by singers worldwide
- Asin: broke into the music scene at the same - Suffered devastating losses and some
time and were very popular drawbacks and one of the heaviest:
- Rock music: became the music of the Filipino o Founding member of the band, lead
protesters in 1980s guitarist – Teddy Diaz was stabbed to
- Aguilar’s “Bayan Ko” – became especially death
popular as an anthem during the 1986 EDSA o Band continued to push on and kept on
Revolution rocking
- In Manila, a Punk Rock scene developed - 1995: they disbanded
o Led by bands like Betrayed, The Jerks o Jett Pangan (vocalist) – wanted to walk a
and Urban Bandits different path
- The influence of new wave was also felt during - After 4 years of silence, band was back again
these years – spearheaded by The Dawn together
- In 1990: saw the emergence of superstar pop o Some changes in the line up
rock group Eraserheads
o Greatest Filipino artist of all time b. Eraserheads
- Following their success are Filipino rock stars - Also known as E-heads
Yano, Parokya ni Edgar, Rivermaya, Cocojam - Philippine rock icon for the 90’s
and Grace Nono - adopts a variety of rock - When this band grew popularity:
subgenres into their style. o Dawn of a new kind of Philippine rock
- Joey Ayala, Grace Nono and Bayang Barrios: o A new torch in the music scene of the
popular Filipino neo-traditional artists Philippines
o Partly responsible for the rediscovery of - Success is evident when their popularity out
indigenous genres in modern Filipino grew from local to international
music - They won “Moon Man” trophy – because of the
- Filipino rock: developed to include some hard MTV Asia’s Viewer’s choice award of 1997
rock and heavy metal such as: - Vindicated when their third album Cutterpillow
o Wolfgang went Platinum for eight times
o Razorback
o Greyhounds c. River Maya
o Queso - Founded in 1993
o Fuseboxx – progressive band - One of the most influential and one of the most
- A lot of aspiring rock bands emerged celebrated bands in Southeast Asia
- Many of whom were talented and good - The band’s line up history (although full of
musicians changes and conflicts) did not deter the from
- There are only a few rocks bands that made it to producing singles and albums that drawn a lot of
the top crowds not only from the Philippines but also
- Fewer still are the rock bands that stayed on the from other countries like Malaysia, Singapore
top of the game for reasonably longer times and Thailand.
- When this “rock phenomenon” first started, the - Release 22 albums
first rock bands got their influence from foreign - First album – called Rivermaya back in 1993
rock styles - May 2007: band’s only surviving member of the
o Eventually turned it into something which original line up broke away from the band
we can call “authentic Filipino” - Band still exists with a completely different line
up from its first years
Famous Pinoy Rock bands that rock the nations:
- Philippines: Asia’s most vibrant music obsessed
a. The Dawn country
- One of the most enduring rock bands - Home spawned bands: Sponge Cola, Chicosci,
- Continued to garner support for more than 20 Bamboo, Silent Sanctuary, Rocksteddy, Kjwan,
years Kamikazee, Cueshe, Itchyworms, Clap Your
- Has very rich collection of songs that made it to Hands, Imago, The Ambassadors, Moonstar 88,
the top Faspitch, Callalily, Urbandub
2. Filipino Hip-Hop - Also has influences from the American Rhythm
- Sometimes referred to as “Pinoy Rap” or and Blues
“FlipHop” - Air of coolness and peacefulness
- Birth: occurred in the early 1980s with songs by o Unique sounds of unconventional
Dyords Javier (Na Onseng Delight) and Vincent mixture and use of instruments
Daffalong (Nunal) o One of the reasons why a lot of Filipinos
- Developed slowly during the 1980s fell in love with this kind of music genre
- Hit the mainstream with Francis Magalona’s - Brown Man Revival and Burning Culture: reggae
debut album, Yo! bands that turn heads and had drawn crowds
- This includes: that swayed whatever reggae beat they gave.
o Mga Kababayan – nationalistic hit
o Cold Summer Nights – rap ballad 4. R&B. Rhythm and blues
- Magalona: rapped in both English and Filipino - Originated from the fusion of different kinds of
o Became pioneer in the genre and a music genre
superstar as a result - Vocal is the only one given emphasis and in
o Died in 2009 after suffering from effect is the meat of an R&B song
leukemia - Lyrics: give this type of song its meaning
- 1990s: Golden Age of Filipino rap - Flooded the music airways of the Philippines
o Saw the beginning of rapid stylistic - Competed with other genres that propagated
innovation with Francis M’s second first in the Philippines like rock, ballad and
album others.
- Rap is Francis M: released in 1992 - Younger generations: cater to this kind of music
o Considered to be one of the greatest - Kyla: dubbed as R&B princess
Pinoy rap albums - JayR: dubbed as R&B Prince
- 1994: Death Threat released the 1st Filipino - Nina: Soul Siren
gangsta rap album titled “Gusto Kong Bumaet” - Kris Lawrence, Amber, Thor, South Border
- DJ MOD a.k.a. Noel Macayana: associate of - Luke Mejares: King of R&B
Francis M who emerged as a leading pioneer of
the hip hop scene D. OPM (ORIGINAL PILIPINO MUSIC)
- Rap artists: Apokalipsis, Syke, Mistah Blaze, - Now more commonly termed Original Pinoy
Stick Figgas, Knife, Krock and J.O.L.O., Mike Music
Kosa, Francis Magalona and Gloc-9 (rap - Originally referred only to Filipino pop songs
superstar) continue to top music charts. especially those in ballad form
- Urbandub: most favorite rock artist in the - Those songs popularized in the 1970 through the
Philippines mid-1990s by major commercial Filipino pop
- Rock bands: dominated the airways and have artists
spread their message - These are: Ryan Cayabyab, Kuh Ledesma, Zsa
- The solo singers that gently awaken or sweetly Zsa Padilla, Martin Nievera, Gary Valenciano,
lulled to sleep a lot of their fans and the Basil Valdez, Rey Valera, Regine Velasquez,
composers that not only produced great music Ogie Alcasid, Lea Salonga, Jaya, Lani
but also have seen to it to incorporate the Misalucha, Janno Gibs, APO Hiking Society
essence of the Filipino into their music - in the pictures: (OPM)
compositions will be the subject of this website. o Lea Salonga, Charice Pempengco, Arnel
Pineda, Pilita Corales, Sharon Cuneta,
3. Reggae Zsa Zsa Padilla, Claire dela Fuente,
- Originated from Jamaica Regine Velasquez, Jaya, Pops
- Was not a genre the moment it materializes Fernandez, Gary Valenciano, Lani
- First it was known through its earlier forms that Misalucha
were called Rocksteady and Ska
- Influence is largely from the Caribbean and
African music
E. BALLAD - Currently, has 19 albums released (achieve
- Song that tells a story gold, platinum and double platinum)
- The theme of the story may be anything but most
commonly it speaks of love, betrayal and even F. POP MUSIC
politics - Pop music artists: have gained high enough
- Classic ballad: about current events of the time, praise and recognition for certain songs they
any significant things or happenings would be have sung or played regardless of what genre
reflected by new ballad their songs are classified into.
- Philippines: given out great ballad singer that - A lot of artist that gain the majority of the
have been recognized internationally population’s approval, praise and recognition in
- Songs sung by these Filipino ballad singers: the Philippines, unconditional of the age group.
romantic theme that commonly has a little touch - In the international scene, there are not that
of vanity of love many Filipino artists reached top international
- Balladeers: have foreign influences but have charts
also promoted out songs of their own - Those musicians that do reach the top
compositions or from fellow Filipino composers. international charts make a lot of big waves that
surely catches everyone’s attention.
Filipino Balladeer
Filipino Pop Artist – Sarah Geronimo
1. Martin Nievera
- Another testament of the Philippine valour in the - Started her career at the age of 14
music world o She won the title for Star of a Night
- Born in the Philippines (television singing contests of IBC
- Grew up seeing his father perform in Hawaii as Channel 13)
a member of a group called Society of Seven - Major entertainment companies of the
- At the age of 20, went back to the Philippines to Philippines did not waste to acquire the stunning
follow the footsteps of his father by starting a potential the young lady has to offer.
singing career - She became a famous pop teen sensation
- Did not take him long to achieve international - Also has something to say in the field of acting
recognition o Numerous television shows
- In 2008, he performed with the Society of Seven - Caught the attention of the international music
together with Lani Misalucha at Las Vegas scene

2. Janno Gibs
- Known as the King of Soul
- Started out as a teen sensation in the Philippine
films
- But after fathering a child, he changes his carrier
to becoming a soul singer
- Singing works was not unnoticed but was
received warmly by his fans and critics alike.
- Regarded also as a great comedian, starting in
several comedy films and television shows.

3. Ogie Alcasid
- Herminio Alcasid Jr.
- Well-known actor/comedian
- Has a lot of other tricks up his sleeve
- Great Filipino musician that has a lot to offer in
the music world
- Has a golden voice and writes his own songs
- His acting career is eclipse by his own singing
career
CHAPTER 10: THE ART OF DANCING 3. Theme
- Content or main ingredient of the dance
Dance as an Art
- Conveys the message of the dance
- Rhythmic and expressive movement of the body 4. Techniques
in the successive motion usually accompanied - Skill in executing the movement
by music - As a dancer, one needs to have complete control
- Said to be the mother of arts over the muscles of his body for him to be said
o It is the oldest of the arts which actually technically proficient
reflects man’s age-old need to 5. Design
communicate different emotions such as - Arrangement of movements according to:
joy, grief, excitement and others. o Pattern in time (fast/slow)
- Simply started as man’s own life for almost all o Space (one’s position in relation to his
occasions, in whatever aspects as birth, death, background)
healing of the sick, asking for forgiveness, war, 6. Properties and Costumes
marriage were celebrated by dancing - Contribute to the visual effect of dance
- There are dances that express thankfulness for - Costumes: somehow relate closely to the beliefs
a good harvest, in celebration of religious and environment of people
festivities or just a mere pleasurable expression Categories of Dance
of the body.
- Uniquely intensifies different moods and Two principal categories:
emotions that somehow deepen everybody’s
1. Dance categories by number of interacting
feelings
dancers
- Dancing can be both art and recreation
2. Dance categories by main purpose
- As an art: it states a story and set one’s mood to
express certain emotions Dance categories by number of interacting dancers
- As a form of recreation: it somehow provides are:
relaxation, companionship and enjoyment.
- It is really a combined arts A. Solo Dance: a person dances alone
o Gives emphasis on the movements of the  Ballet: established on techniques that have
body and timed to music been developed over centuries
- Hard to imagine a dance without music  Jazz dance: become the most popular dance
- Dance can be well-performed if it employs forms in recent years
costumes, lighting, stage sceneries and music  Tap dancing: stimulating type of dances in
which dancers wear singular shoes with metal
Features of Dance as Art Form taps
2 kinds of movement:  Hip Hop dancing: a dance form, generally
dance with hip hop music
1. Movement within the body which includes
hand and arms B. Partner Dance
2. Movement from one space to another as - Man is usually the leader; the woman is the
walking, running etc. follower
- Now, movement can be classified as dance - As a rule, they preserve a connection with each
other
1. Music - Handhold: dance when the connection is loose
- Closely related to dance for it plays significant - Dance frame: the connection obliges important
role on it limitations on relative body situations during the
- Used as accompaniment that somehow dance
motivation the dancer’s movement - Each partner has his own dance frame
2. Movement - Although the handhold connection poses almost
- Action of dances with the use of their bodies to no limitation on body positions, it is quite helpful
create organized patterns that the partners are conscious of their dance
frames
 o It is instrumental in leading and following. o Open embrace: partners dance further
- Slow dance: “hug-and-sway” type of slow apart, allowing the opportunity for a wider
dancing range of movement
o Female puts her arm on the man’s
shoulder C. Group Dance
o Man puts his arms around the female’s - Danced by groups of people at the same time
waist - These are synchronized or standardized
o All persons in the group are dancing the
Some partner dances are:
same steps at the same time
 Foxtrots - Diverse groups within the larger group may be
- Turn into swing dancing different, but complementary, elements
- Fast foxtrot: One Step is today the Quickstep of the larger dance
and faster adaptation of the original set to waltz - Individuals are dancing independently of each
music other but with the purpose of creating a “group”
- Has reputation for being an extraordinarily social feeling or experience
dance, because of these diversities and their
popularity  Folk Dance
 Swing dance - Have European origin
- Lively style of social dancing - Performed by a group of people who wish to
- Dancer often lifts, spins and flips his/her partner conserve or express a national or ethnic
- Considered both hip and cool sentiment
- Favorite among social dancers of all ages - Shows the traditional life of people of a country
 The Rumba or region
- Tells a story of love and passion between a - Presented during social events
strong, male lover and a coy, teasing woman  Line dance
- Full of sensual movements - Group of people dancing in one or more lines
- Sexiest of the ballroom dances performing the same movements
- Rumba: refers to a variety of dances or a dance - Many variations to the parallel lines structuring
party - May be there is only one line in a small group,
- Dance of love is one of the most popular but generally there are numerous parallel lines,
ballroom dances one behind the other
- Seen around the world at nightclubs, parties, - In the parallel line structure, dancers dance in a
weddings and dance competitions synchronized way but independently of each
 Cha Cha other
- Acquired its name “CHA-CHA” with its - No moves that need any contact between the
characteristics three-step change of weight dancers, other than they perform the maneuvers
carried the identifying verbal definition, “cha-cha- at the same time.
cha” - There are also organizations for line dance
- Steps are taken on the beats competitions
- With a strong hip movement as the knee  Round dance
straightens on the half beats in between - Has two categories
- The weight is kept well forward with forward o First category: dances which are often
steps taken toe-flat and with minimal torso considered to be ethnic, folk or country
movement dances
 Tango o Second category: dances related to
- Various styles that differ in both tempo (music social ballroom dances
speed) and basic dance movements - Can also be called a circle dance
- Tango styles: o Dancers joined in a circular chain and
o Close embrace: partners dance very several types of connections are possible
close to each other
Popular Philippine Folk Dances 5. Kuratsa
- Festivals in Bohol and other Visayan towns
- Most of the Philippine dances: originally
- Portrays a young playful couple attempt to get
patterned after European dances during the
each other’s attention
Spanish regime
- Performed in a moderate waltz style
- Examples of Filipino dances that are know for: 6. Itik-Itik
Pandango sa Ilaw, Carinosa, Rigodon and
- Originated in Surigao del Norte
Balitao
- Imitating the movements of an itik – a duck as it
- Western influenced dances
walks with choppy steps and splashes water on
- Ethnic: created dances such as Tinikling (made
its back while attracting its mate
its way to nationwide recognition)
- Bc of its unusual steps and fascinating
- Every district in the islands: has its own folk
interpretation – the audience began imitating the
dance, interpreted attractively in festivals and
dance
local shows which have added to the country’s 7. Maglalatik
reputed contribution to the world’s illustration of
- Binan, Laguna
traditional arts.
- Mock-war dance
- Fight between the Moros and the Christians over
1. Binasuan
the prized latik or coconut meat during the
- Originated: Pangasinan province
Spanish rule
- “meaning with the use of drinking glasses”
- Shown to play tribute to the town’s patron saint,
- Shows off balancing skill of the performers
San Isidro Labrador
- Glasses filled with rice wine are placed on head 8. Maria Clara
and on each hand carefully maneuvered with
- Female character in Jose Rizal’s Noli Me
graceful movements
Tangere
- Common in weddings, fiestas and special
o Features the colonial situation of the
occasions
Filipinos during the Spanish regime
2. Rigodon
- Mix of Spanish gracefulness and customized
- Originated from Spain
native props such as bamboo castanets and
- Performed at formal affairs like inaugural balls
Asian fan
o Prominent members of the government
- Female dancers: wear Maria Clara dress –
participate and enjoy
typifies the European style
3. Pandanggo sa Ilaw
- Men: barong tagalog – traditional filipino
- Originated from Lubang Island, Occidental
embroidred long-sleeve shirt made of pineapple
Mindoro
fiber
- Dance of grace and balance 9. Carinosa
- Comes from the Spanish dance: “fandango”
- A word that describes an affectionate, friendly
- Characterized with lively steps and clapping
and lovable woman
while following a varying ¾ bear
- Performed in flirtatious manner with fans and
- Requires excellent balancing skill to maintain the
handkerchiefs to assist the dancers hide and
stability of three tinggoy or oil lamp (placed on
seek movements
head and at the back of each hand) 10. La Jota Manilena
4. Sublian
- Named after the capital city of the Philippines,
- Ritual dance of the natives of Bauan, Batangas
Manila
- Comes from the term “subli”
- Adaptation of Castilian Jota: a float with the
o Two tagalog words:
clacking of bamboo castanets played by the
 Subsub: falling on head
dancers themselves
 Bali: broken
- Costumes and the graceful movements: notably
- Dancers appear to be lame and crooked
inspired by Spanish culture
throughout the dance 11. Sakuting
- Shown during fiestas as ceremonial worship
- Originated in Abra
dance to the town’s icon, the holy cross and
- Mock fight between Ilokano Christians and non-
Talumpoc, Batangas City dancing without
Christians with training sticks and props
castanets
- Performed during Christmas at the town plaza or - Uses 3 kinds of gong instruments such as
from house-to-house as a caroling show ordinary gongs, tobtob, hibat
- Dancers receive presents or money locally 19. Binaylan
known as “aginaldo” - Ritual dance from Agusan which originated from
12. Pantomina Bagobo tribe living in the central uplands of
- Originated from Sorsogon’s Kasanggayan Mindanao
Festival every third week of October - Imitates movement of a hen, her banog or baby
- Groups of participants mainly elderly in colorful chicks and a hawk
costumes – dance the tune of Pantomina song 20. Malakas at Maganda
- Courtship dance originated from imitating the - Tribal dance from Leyte
courtship and lovemaking of doves that showed - Depicts the birth of the first man and woman who
during the dance where men attempt to please came out of a bamboo tree
women - Woman named “maganda”
13. Banog - First man “malakas”
- Cordillera - These are the parents of the whole community in
- Performers portray hunters shielding their the island
chickens from famishing hawk - Demonstrates how a bird discovered the noise
- Hawk ends up entrapped and dies in the hands coming from the inside of the bamboo and
of hunters perched until it opened
14. Salisid 21. Burung-Talo
- Courtship dance from Kalinga and Cordillera - Unique fighting dance from Sulu
- Symbolizes a rooster trying to attract the - In a form of martial arts by the Tausug tribe
attention of a hen - Demonstrate a battle between hawk and a cat
- Performed and portrayed by male and female - Acrobatic movements and tough facial
dancers as roosters and hen respectively expressions
- It starts when each of them is given a piece of - Highlighted with the accompanying energetic
cloth known as “ayob” or “allap” beat of drums and gongs
15. Palok 22. Kadal-Belah
- Tribal dance from Kalinga and Cordillera - Tribal dance from South Cotabato
- Natives of Kalinga: perform in most of their social - Performs simulation of movements of birds
events 23. Kadal-Tahaw
- Male dancers hold gangsa or gong and beat it - T’boli dance from South Cotaboto
with wooden stick - Tribal dance performed by T’boli tribe
16. Lumagen - Mimics the hopping and flying behavior of Tahaw
- Tribal dance from Kalinga and Cordillera bird
- Traditional thanksgiving dance by the Kalinga - Performed to celebrate good harvest
tribe 24. Sayaw sa Cuyo
- Performed to celebrate good harvest such as - Traditionally celebrated with parades,
birth of first born child, victory in battles and processions and small performances by groups
weddings coming from all over Cuyo Island, Palawan and
17. Idudu the nearby islets during the feast of St. Augustin
- Tribal dance from Abra and Cordillera regions - Pretty young girls daintly swirl hats to the waltz
- Stages a common family life in the Isneg or - Other European steps designed to bring out
Tinguian society freshness and glow of performers
- Family as the main foundation of tribe’s 25. Karatong
community - Muslim dance from Palawan
- Several traits of an ordinary family are shown - During the festival of San Agustin in the island of
- Local singer breaks into an Idudu or lullaby to put Cuyo, the celebration also includes the
the baby to sleep blossoming of the mango trees
18. Dinuyya - Parade starts from the church patio and ends at
- Dance from Ifugao the town plaza
- Regularly staged during festivals in Lugawe
- Ladies waving their colorful props “Bunga  Bilaan
manga” – symbolizes the flowers of mango tree - Dance that depicts the lively, simple movements
- Men: lively strike their karatong instruments; of birds in flight as they preen themselves
creating a scene of joy among reveling town - Beautifully portrayed by tribal maidens
folks - Costumes worn are typical of the Ethnic Tribe
26. Gayong-Gayong Bilaan from Cotabato
- Muslim dance from Capiz  Ilocana a Nasudi
- In rural gatherings, this dance offers much fun - Dance of Monongs and Manangs, elder people
- Gayong is a pet name for Leodegario known for their religiousness
27. Kapa Malong-Malong
- Muslim dance from Cotabato
- This Maranao dance is performed with women
wearing malong and shawl, mantle or head piece
- Men: wear sash or waist band, shorts or bahag
and head gear or turban traditionally worn in the
fields
28. Pagapir
- Dance from Lanao del Sur
- Performed to commence an important affair
- Dancers are usually from royal court or high
society group of Lanao province
- Use apir or fan to coordinate with their small
steps called kini-kini
o Symbolizes good manners and
prominent family background
29. Pangalay
- Muslim dance from Zamboanga del Sur
- Originally performed by wealthy families during a
wedding celebration
- This fingernail dance is now a popular festival
dance in Sulu

 Tinikling
- Originated from Leyte province
- National folkdance
- Pair of dancers hopping between 2 bamboo
poles held just above the ground
o Struck together in time to music
- Dancers: remarkable grace and speed jumping
between bamboo poles.
 Dugso
- Thanksgiving dance from the talaindig tribe of
Bukidnon
 Singkil
- Famous dance from Mindanao
- The princess and prince and their retinue: is in a
pose of singkil
- Intricate dance where the dancer’s feet dart
precariously in and out of a complicate pattern of
clacking bamboo poles