EJBCA

Integration Guide
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Document Number: 007-013323-001, Rev. J

Release Date: May 2018

EJBCA Integration Guide 2

 Contents

Contents
Preface .................................................................................................................................. 4
Scope .............................................................................................................................................................. 4
Document Conventions .................................................................................................................................. 4
Command Syntax and Typeface Conventions ......................................................................................... 5
Support Contacts ...................................................................................................................................... 6

1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 7
Overview ......................................................................................................................................................... 7
Understanding the EJBCA .............................................................................................................................. 7
3rd Party Application Details .................................................................................................................... 8
Supported Platforms ....................................................................................................................................... 8
SafeNet Luna HSM (v7.x) ........................................................................................................................ 8
SafeNet Luna HSM (v5.x/6.x)................................................................................................................... 8
Prerequisites ................................................................................................................................................... 9
Configuring PED Auth SafeNet Luna HSM (v6.1/v7.0) ............................................................................ 9
Configuring PED Auth SafeNet Luna HSM (v6.2.x/v6.3.0/v7.x) ............................................................ 10
Configuring SafeNet Luna Network HSM 7.x ......................................................................................... 10
Configuring SafeNet Luna Network HSM (v5.x/6.x) ............................................................................... 13
Using Luna 6.x/7.x in FIPS Mode ........................................................................................................... 14
EJBCA Setup ......................................................................................................................................... 14

2 Integrating SafeNet Luna HSM with EJBCA................................................................... 15

SafeNet Luna HSM with EJBCA ................................................................................................................... 15
Configuring, Installing, and Deploying the EJBCA ................................................................................. 15

EJBCA Integration Guide 3

 Preface

Preface
This document is intended to guide administrators through the steps for EJBCA and SafeNet Luna HSM
integration. This guide provides the necessary information to install, configure, and integrate EJBCA with
SafeNet Luna Hardware Security Modules (HSM).

Scope
This guide provides instructions for setting up a small test lab with EJBCA running with SafeNet Luna HSM for
securing the private keys of CA. It explains how to install and configure the software that is required for setting
up EJBCA while storing private key on SafeNet Luna HSM.

Document Conventions
This section provides information on the conventions used in this template.

Notes
Notes are used to alert you to important or helpful information. These elements use the following format:

NOTE: Take note. Contains important or helpful information.

Cautions
Cautions are used to alert you to important information that may help prevent unexpected results or data loss.
These elements use the following format:

CAUTION: Exercise caution. Caution alerts contain important information that may
help prevent unexpected results or data loss.

Warnings
Warnings are used to alert you to the potential for catastrophic data loss or personal injury. These elements use
the following format:

WARNING: Be extremely careful and obey all safety and security measures. In
this situation you might do something that could result in catastrophic data loss or
personal injury.

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 Preface

Command Syntax and Typeface Conventions

Convention Description

bold The bold attribute is used to indicate the following:

 Command-line commands and options (Type dir /p.)
 Button names (Click Save As.)
 Check box and radio button names (Select the Print Duplex check box.)
 Window titles (On the Protect Document window, click Yes.)
 Field names (User Name: Enter the name of the user.)
 Menu names (On the File menu, click Save.) (Click Menu > Go To > Folders.)
 User input (In the Date box, type April 1.)

italic The italic attribute is used for emphasis or to indicate a related document. (See the
Installation Guide for more information.)

Consolas Denotes syntax, prompts, and code examples.

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 Preface

Support Contacts

Contact Method Contact Information

Address Gemalto
4690 Millennium Drive
Belcamp, Maryland 21017, USA

Phone US 1-800-545-6608

International 1-410-931-7520

Technical Support https://supportportal.gemalto.com

Customer Portal Existing customers with a Technical Support Customer Portal account can log in to
manage incidents, get the latest software upgrades, and access the Gemalto Knowledge
Base.

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 1 – Introduction

1
Introduction

Overview
SafeNet Luna HSM integrates with EJBCA to provide significant performance improvements by off-loading
cryptographic operations from the server to HSM. In addition, SafeNet Luna HSM provides extra security by
protecting the CA private keys within a FIPS 140-2 certified hardware security module.
This integration between SafeNet Luna HSM and EJBCA uses the industry standard PKCS#11 interface.
EJBCA generates the 2048 bit RSA keys on SafeNet Luna HSM and it is used by the CA for Certificate and
CRL signing.
The installation is performed in several steps:
 Install and configure SafeNet Luna HSM.
 Install and configure EJBCA using SafeNet Luna HSM.

Understanding the EJBCA

EJBCA is an enterprise class PKI Certificate Authority software, built using Java (JEE) technology. It is a robust,
high performance, platform independent, flexible, and component based CA to be used stand-alone or
integrated with other applications.
EJBCA is today one of the most widely deployed PKI software in the world. It is used in mission critical
production environments by governments, corporations, and individuals all around the world. There are EJBCA
users on all inhabited continents, and EJBCA is one of the most flexible, performant and scalable PKIs used by
many organizations.
The following diagram shows a good example setup of a secured CA that receives certificate requests.

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3rd Party Application Details

 EJBCA 6.4.0
 EJBCA 6.3.1.1
 JBOSS AS 7.1.1
EJBCA can be downloaded from PrimeKey Support site:
http://www.ejbca.org/download.html
And JBOSS from the official site of JBOSS Application Server:
http://www.jboss.org/jbossas/downloads/

Supported Platforms
SafeNet Luna HSM (v7.x)
The following platforms are tested with SafeNet Luna HSM:

Operating Systems SafeNet Luna HSM EJBCA JBOSS AS Java Version

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Luna Network HSM 6.4.0 7.1.1 Open JDK 7
7.0(64-bit) Appliance Software
v7.2.0
Firmware v7.2.0
Luna HSM Client 7.2.0

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Luna Network HSM 6.4.0 7.1.1 Open JDK 7
7.0(64-bit) Appliance Software
v7.1.0
Firmware v7.1.0
Luna HSM Client 7.1.0

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Luna Network HSM 6.4.0 7.1.1 Open JDK 7
6.5(64-bit) Appliance Software
v7.0.0
Firmware v7.0.1
Luna HSM Client 7.0.0

SafeNet Luna HSM (v5.x/6.x)

The following platforms are tested with SafeNet Luna HSM:

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Operating Systems SafeNet HSM EJBCA JBOSS AS Java Version

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Luna SA Appliance 6.4.0 7.1.1 Open JDK 7
6.5 (64 bit) Software v6.3.0
Firmware 6.10.9 & 6.27.0
Luna Client 6.3.0

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Luna SA Appliance 6.4.0 7.1.1 Open JDK 7
6.5 (64 bit) Software v6.2.2
Firmware 6.10.9 & 6.24.3
Luna Client 6.2.2

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Luna SA Appliance 6.4.0 7.1.1 Open JDK 7
6.5 (64 bit) Software v6.2.1
Firmware 6.10.9
Luna Client 6.2.1

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Luna SA Appliance 6.3.1.1 7.1.1 Open JDK 7
6.5 (64 bit) Software v6.2.1
Firmware 6.10.9 & 6.24.2
Luna Client 6.2.1

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Luna SA Appliance 6.3.1.1 7.1.1 Open JDK 7
6.5 (64 bit) Software v6.1
Firmware 6.10.9
Luna Client 6.1

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Luna SA Appliance 6.3.1.1 7.1.1 Open JDK 6
6.5 (64 bit) Software v5.4.7
Firmware 6.10.9
Luna Client 5.4.1

NOTE: EJBCA is tested with Luna Clients in HA & FIPS Mode also.

Prerequisites
Configuring PED Auth SafeNet Luna HSM (v6.1/v7.0)
You need to obtain the following patch to work with PED based SafeNet Luna HSM when using the version 6.1
and 7.0:
DOC ID: DOW4166

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Part No: 630-010467-001 Alpha3

TITLE: Luna 5 Compatibility Shim for Luna 6

NOTE: The below configuration is only applicable for Version 6.1/7.0 of PED
based SafeNet Luna HSM.

CONFIGURATION:
1. Copy the libshim.so to <lunaclient installation>/lib directory. It is advised to first rename the previous shim.
2. Point the application to the libshim.so instead of the Cryptoki shared object library. To point it, open the
/etc/Chrystoki.conf file and make the following changes:
For Linux,
Chrystoki2 = {
LibUNIX64 = /usr/safenet/lunaclient/lib/libshim.so;
}
Shim2 = {
LibUNIX64 = /usr/safenet/lunaclient/lib/libCryptoki2_64.so;
}
Misc = {
:
ApplicationInstance=SA5_COMPATIBILITY;
FunctionBindLevel=2;
:
}

Contact Customer Support if you need assistance regarding the above configuration.

Configuring PED Auth SafeNet Luna HSM (v6.2.x/v6.3.0/v7.x)

For Ped based SafeNet Luna HSM make sure ProtectedAuthenticationPathFlagStatus is set to ‘1’ in Misc
Section of Chrystoki.conf (Linux) file.
For Linux,
Misc = {
ProtectedAuthenticationPathFlagStatus = 1;
}

Configuring SafeNet Luna Network HSM 7.x

SafeNet Luna Network HSM allows to create Per-Partition Security Officer (PPSO) partition. HSM Administrator
is not Security Officer (SO) for PPSO partitions. The HSM SO/Administrator elects to create a partition as
PPSO-type, which creates an empty structure that is handed to the new owner, who initializes the partition to
create the Partition Security Officer (PSO) role or identity for management functions. The PSO in turn creates
the partition Crypto Officer (CO) to control client cryptographic operations on the partition.
Refer to the SafeNet Luna HSM documentation for installation steps and details regarding the configuration and
setup of the box on UNIX/Windows systems. Before you get started ensure the following:

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 1 – Introduction

 SafeNet Luna Network HSM appliance and a secure admin password.

 SafeNet Luna Network HSM, and a hostname, suitable for your network.
 SafeNet Luna Network HSM network parameters are set to work with your network.
 Initialize the HSM on the SafeNet Luna Network HSM appliance.
 Create and exchange certificates between the SafeNet Luna Network HSM and your Client system.
 Create a partition on the HSM that will be later used by EJBCA.
 Register the Client with the partition. And run the "vtl verify" command on the client system to display a
partition from SafeNet Luna HSM. The general form of command is "C:\Program
Files\SafeNet\LunaClient> vtl verify" for Windows and "/usr/safenet/lunaclient/bin/vtl verify"
for Unix.
 Initialize the Partition as mentioned in steps below for Password/PED based respectively
 Enabled Partition "Activation" and "Auto Activation" (Partition policy settings 22 and 23 (applies to SafeNet
Luna Network HSM with Trusted Path Authentication [which is FIPS 140-2 level 3] only).

Initialize the Partition SO and Crypto Officer Roles on a PW-Auth Partition

These instructions assume a password-authenticated SafeNet Luna Network HSM that has been initialized, and
an application partition has been created, capable of having its own Security Officer.
 Initialize the Partition SO role
Set the active slot to the created, uninitialized, application partition.
Type slot set -slot <slot number>
lunacm:> slot set -slot 0
Current Slot Id: 0 (Luna User Slot 7.0.0 (Password) Signing With Cloning Mode)
Command Result : No Error
Initialize the application partition, to create the partition's Security Officer (SO).
Type partition init -label <part_label>
lunacm:> par init -label <part_label> –password <part_password>
You are about to initialize the partition.
All partition objects will be destroyed.
Are you sure you wish to continue?
Type 'proceed' to continue, or 'quit' to quit now -> proceed
Command Result: No Error

 Initialize the Crypto Officer role

a. The SO of the application partition can now assign the first operational role within the new partition.
Type role login -name Partition SO.
lunacm:> role login -name Partition SO

b. Type role init -name Crypto Officer.

lunacm:> role init -name Crypto Officer

c. The application partition SO can create the Crypto Officer, but only the Crypto Officer can create the
Crypto User. Therefore, the SO must log out to allow the Crypto Officer to log in.
Type role logout.
lunacm:> role logout

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Initialize the Partition SO and Crypto Officer Roles on a PED-Auth Partition

These instructions assume a PED-authenticated SafeNet Luna Network HSM that has been initialized, and an
application partition has been created, capable of having its own Security Officer.
Take the following steps to initialize the PSO and CO roles:
 Initialize the Partition SO role
Set the active slot to the created, uninitialized, application partition.
Type slot set -slot <slot number>
lunacm:> slot set -slot 0
Current Slot Id: 0 (Luna User Slot 7.0.0 (PED) Signing With Cloning Mode)
Command Result : No Error
Initialize the application partition, to create the partition's Security Officer (SO).
Type partition init -label <part_label>
lunacm:> par init -label <part_label>
You are about to initialize the partition.
All partition objects will be destroyed.
Are you sure you wish to continue?
Type 'proceed' to continue, or 'quit' to quit now -> proceed
Please attend to the PED.
Respond to SafeNet PED prompts...
Command Result : No Error

 Initialize the Crypto Officer role

The SO of the application partition can now assign the first operational role within the new partition.
Type role login -name Partition SO.
Type role init -name Crypto Officer.
lunacm:> role init -name Crypto Officer
Please attend to the PED.
Respond to SafeNet PED prompts...
Command Result: No Error
The application partition SO can create the Crypto Officer, but only the Crypto Officer can create the Crypto
User. Therefore, the SO must log out to allow the Crypto Officer to log in.
Type role logout.
Now, the Crypto Officer, or an application using the CO's challenge secret/password can perform cryptographic
operations in the partition, as soon as the Crypto Officer logs in with role login -name Crypto Officer.
However, the Crypto Officer can create, modify and delete crypto objects within the partition, in addition to
merely using existing crypto objects (sign/verify). You can also create a limited-capability role called Crypto User
that can use the objects created by the Crypto Officer, but cannot modify them.

NOTE: The black Crypto Officer PED key/Crypto Officer Password (in case
of PW-Auth) is valid for the initial login only. You must change the initial
credential on the key using the command role changepw during the initial
login session, or a subsequent login. Failing to change the credential will
result in a CKR_PIN_EXPIRED error while performing role-dependent
actions.

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Controlling User Access to the HSM

By default, only the root user has access to the HSM. You can specify a set of non-root users that are permitted
to access the HSM, by adding them to the hsmusers group. The client software installation automatically
creates the hsmusers group. The hsmusers group is retained when you uninstall the client software, allowing
you to upgrade your client software while retaining your hsmusers group configuration.

Adding users to hsmusers group

To allow non-root users or applications access to the HSM, assign the users to the hsmusers group. The users
you assign to the hsmusers group must exist on the client workstation. Users you add to the hsmusers group
are able to access the HSM. Users who are not part of the hsmusers group are not able to access the HSM.
 Adding a user to hsmusers group
a. Ensure that you have sudo privileges on the client workstation.
b. Add a user to the hsmusers group.
sudo gpasswd --add <username> hsmusers

Where <username> is the name of the user you want to add to the hsmusers group.

Removing users from hsmusers group

To revoke a user's access to the HSM, you can remove them from the hsmusers group.
 Removing a user from hsmusers group
a. Ensure that you have sudo privileges on the client workstation.
b. Remove a user from the hsmusers group.
sudo gpasswd -d <username> hsmusers
Where <username> is the name of the user you want to remove from the hsmusers group. You must log
in again to see the change.

NOTE: The user you delete will continue to have access to the HSM until you
reboot the client workstation.

Configuring SafeNet Luna Network HSM (v5.x/6.x)

Refer to the SafeNet Luna HSM documentation for installation steps and details regarding the configuration and
setup of the box on UNIX systems. Before you get started ensure the following:
 SafeNet Luna Network HSM appliance and a secure admin password
 SafeNet Luna Network HSM, and a hostname, suitable for your network
 SafeNet Luna Network HSM network parameters are set to work with your network
 Initialize the HSM on the SafeNet Luna Network HSM appliance.
 Create and exchange certificates between the SafeNet Luna Network HSM and your Client system.
 Create a partition on the HSM, remember the partition password that will be later used by EJBCA.
 Register the Client with the partition. And run the "vtl verify" command on the client system to display a
partition from SafeNet Luna Network HSM. The general form of command is "C:\Program

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 1 – Introduction

Files\SafeNet\LunaClient> vtl verify" for Windows and "/usr/safenet/lunaclient/bin/vtl verify" for

Unix.
 Enabled Partition "Activation" and "Auto Activation" (Partition policy settings 22 and 23 (applies to SafeNet
Luna Network HSM with Trusted Path Authentication [which is FIPS 140-2 level 3] only).

Using Luna 6.x/7.x in FIPS Mode

Under FIPS 186-3/4, the RSA methods permitted for generating keys are 186-3 with primes and 186-3 with aux
primes. This means that RSA PKCS and X9.31 key generation is no longer approved for operation in a FIPS-
compliant HSM. If you are using the SafeNet Luna HSM in FIPS mode, you have to make the following change
in configuration file:
Misc = {
RSAKeyGenMechRemap = 1;
}
The above setting redirects the older calling mechanism to a new approved mechanism when SafeNet Luna
HSM is in FIPS mode.

NOTE: The above configuration is valid for Luna 7.x and Luna 6.x (F/W Version
6.22.0 and above only).

Also please make the following changes in Chrystoki.conf for Luna Client 6.x/7.x to list the registered partition
with Slot ID 1 instead of 0:
Presentation = {
OneBaseSlotId =1;
}

EJBCA Setup
Before proceeding, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with EJBCA. Refer to the EJBCA documentation
for more information to install and pre-installation requirements.
https://www.ejbca.org/docs/installation.html
EJBCA must be installed on the target machine to carry on with the integration process. Details of the target
machine are as follows:
 An RHEL machine required to setup an EJBCA Certification Authority.
The machine utilized is denoted in the setup is as follows:
 ca.example.com: EJBCA Certificate Authority
 Set the ca.example.com at the first line in /etc/hosts file.

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2
Integrating SafeNet Luna HSM with EJBCA

SafeNet Luna HSM with EJBCA

To set up SafeNet Luna HSM for EJBCA, perform the following steps:

Configuring, Installing, and Deploying the EJBCA

For running the EJBCA as Certificate Authority, several software requirements are needed to be met. Below is
the list of required software:
 Open JDK 6 or Open JDK 7
 Apache Ant Build Tool
 JBoss Server
 My SQL
 My SQL JDBC Driver
Download following software from the URL provided below on ca.example.com server.
 Apache Ant Build Tool: http://archive.apache.org/dist/ant/binaries/
 JBoss Server: http://jbossas.jboss.org/downloads
 EJBCA: https://www.ejbca.org/download.html
After downloading all the software, you need to unzip EJBCA, JBOSS, and ANT in the /opt/ directory. To do
this, you need to execute the following commands on the terminal:
# unzip /home/apache-ant-1.9.6-bin.zip -d /opt/
# unzip /home/jboss-as-7.1.1.Final.zip -d /opt/
# unzip /home/ejbca_ce_6_3_1_1.zip -d /opt/

After unzip rename the directories as the following for convenience:

# mv /opt/apache-ant-1.9.6 /opt/apache-ant
# mv /opt/jboss-as-7.1.1 /opt/jboss
# mv /opt/ejbca_ce_6_3_1_1 -d /opt/ejbca
When the unpacking of software completed, following environment variables must be set up on
ca.example.com use JAVA 7 with SafeNet Luna HSM version 6 and above:
# export JAVA_HOME=<Path to Java JDK>
# export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
# export ANT_HOME=/opt/apache-ant
# export JBOSS_HOME=/opt/jboss
# export PATH=$JBOSS_HOME/bin:$PATH
# export APPSRV_HOME=$JBOSS_HOME

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# export PATH=$ANT_HOME/bin:$PATH
# export EJBCA_HOME=/opt/ejbca
# export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext:$CLASSPATH

Configuring the PKCS11 Provider on EJBCA

To setup PKCS11 provider on ca.example.com server, perform the following steps on the terminal:
1. Create the Luna configuration file with the contents provided below and refer the configuration file to use
with the PKCS11 provider.
# vi $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/luna.cfg
Enter the following contents:
#SafeNet Luna
name = Luna
library = /usr/safenet/lunaclient/lib/libCryptoki2_64.so
description = Luna config
slot = 1
attributes(*,*,*) = {
CKA_TOKEN = true
}
attributes(*,CKO_SECRET_KEY,*) = {
CKA_CLASS=4
CKA_PRIVATE= true
CKA_KEY_TYPE = 21
CKA_SENSITIVE= true
CKA_ENCRYPT= true
CKA_DECRYPT= true
CKA_WRAP= true
CKA_UNWRAP= true
}
attributes(*,CKO_PRIVATE_KEY,*) = {
CKA_CLASS=3
CKA_LABEL=true
CKA_PRIVATE = true
CKA_DECRYPT=true
CKA_SIGN=true
CKA_UNWRAP=true
}
attributes(*,CKO_PUBLIC_KEY,*) = {
CKA_CLASS=2
CKA_LABEL=true
CKA_ENCRYPT = true
CKA_VERIFY=true
CKA_WRAP=true
}

2. Modify the java.security file to include the PKCS11 Provider. Open the java.security file and do the
following changes:
For Java 6:
# vi $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/java.security

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security.provider.1=sun.security.provider.Sun
security.provider.2=sun.security.rsa.SunRsaSign
security.provider.3=com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Provider
security.provider.4=com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE
security.provider.5=sun.security.jgss.SunProvider
security.provider.6=sun.security.pkcs11.SunPKCS11 ${java.home}/lib/security/luna.cfg
security.provider.7=com.sun.security.sasl.Provider
security.provider.8=org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.XMLDSigRI
security.provider.9=sun.security.smartcardio.SunPCSC

For Java 7:
# vi $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/java.security
security.provider.1=sun.security.pkcs11.SunPKCS11 ${java.home}/lib/security/nss.cfg
security.provider.2=sun.security.provider.Sun
security.provider.3=sun.security.rsa.SunRsaSign
security.provider.4=sun.security.ec.SunEC
security.provider.5=com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Provider
security.provider.6=sun.security.pkcs11.SunPKCS11 ${java.home}/lib/security/luna.cfg
security.provider.7=com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE
security.provider.8=sun.security.jgss.SunProvider
security.provider.9=com.sun.security.sasl.Provider
security.provider.10=org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.XMLDSigRI
security.provider.11=sun.security.smartcardio.SunPCSC

3. Ensure that nss.cfg file has the following entry

nssLibraryDirectory = /usr/lib64
4. Change the other security providers' preference accordingly and save the file.
Ensure that the PKCS11 provider jar must be present on the "$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext" location.

Generate the keys for EJBCA

The tool "EJBCA_HOME/dist/clientToolBox/ejbcaClientToolBox.sh PKCS11HSMKeyTool" is used to administrate
and generate keys. Perform the following steps to generate the keys on SafeNet Luna HSM using PKCS11
Provider:
# cd $EJBCA_HOME
# ant clientToolBox
# dist/clientToolBox/ejbcaClientToolBox.sh PKCS11HSMKeyTool generate
/usr/safenet/lunaclient/lib/libCryptoki2_64.so 2048 signKey 1
# dist/clientToolBox/ejbcaClientToolBox.sh PKCS11HSMKeyTool generate
/usr/safenet/lunaclient/lib/libCryptoki2_64.so 2048 defaultKey 1
# dist/clientToolBox/ejbcaClientToolBox.sh PKCS11HSMKeyTool generate
/usr/safenet/lunaclient/lib/libCryptoki2_64.so 2048 myKey 1
When you execute the above commands it will prompt for token password, enter the SafeNet Luna HSM
partition password and wait till the keys are generated. These keys are used to create the initial Admin CA, Root
CA, and Server CA.
To test the keys on the HSM that will be used by EJBCA, use the following command and enter the partition
password if prompted:
# dist/clientToolBox/ejbcaClientToolBox.sh PKCS11HSMKeyTool test
/usr/safenet/lunaclient/lib/libCryptoki2_64.so 1

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NOTE: Slot id is 1 and libCryptoki2_64.so is the SafeNet Luna HSM library.

Installing Required Software Packages

It is required to install the MySQL Server and MySQL JDBC Driver before installing the EJBCA. But if your
server is not registered with official RHN repositories then you need to attach your Redhat installation DVD as a
local repository. To do so, perform the following steps:
# yum repolist
# mount | grep iso9660
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/RHEL_6.5_Disc.repo
1. Enter the following contents at the end of the file:
[RHEL_6.5_Disc]
name=RHEL_6.5_x86_64_Disc
baseurl="file:///media/RHEL_6.5 x86_64 Disc 1/"
gpgcheck=0

2. Verify that your repolist will show some entry:

# yum repolist
3. Install the MySQL Server and MySQL JDBC
# yum install mysql-server
# yum install mysql-connector-java

Setting up MySQL Server for EJBCA

It is a good idea to make MySQL use UTF-8 all the time. This can save a lot of trouble if you end-up adding non-
latin characters in subject DN's or anywhere else in the EJBCA front-end. Edit the following configuration file:
# vi /etc/my.cnf
1. Enter the following contents at the end of the file:
[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
default-character-set=utf8
default-collation=utf8_unicode_ci
character-set-server=utf8
init-connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-client = utf8

NOTE: This configuration setting is required for RHEL 6.5.

2. After this you need to start the MySQL server to apply the changes:
# service mysqld start

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Once the MySQL server has been installed and set-up to use UTF-8, it is necessary to create the database
to store EJBCA data, as well as to create and grant appropriate permissions to the user, used for accessing
the database:
# mysql -u root -p
mysql> create database ejbca;
mysql> grant all privileges on ejbca.* to 'ejbca'@'localhost' identified by 'ejbca';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit;
3. After setting the user ejbca and password ‘ejbca’ restart the MySQL, you can replace the username and
password as per your choice:
# service mysqld restart
4. Verify that ejbca user is able to log in to mysql user and test their access on the database:
# mysql -u ejbca -p
mysql> use ejbca;
mysql> show grants for ejbca@localhost;
mysql> exit;

Creating the User Accounts

Create a user account to run JBOSS and EJBCA.
# adduser ejbca
# passwd ejbca
When prompted for the password, enter the password for the ejbca user and note down the password as it is
required when the user needs to log in to the ca.example.com server.

Installing JBOSS
Install JBOSS. No need to configure every detail (no mail, default logging), but enough details to get the
platform running and tweaked the way EJBCA needs for installation.
1. Tweak the JBOSS configuration by enabling certain security functions that EJBCA requires.
# cd $JBOSS_HOME/modules/sun/jdk/main
# vi module.xml
2. Add the following entries to the system export paths:
<path name="sun/security/x509"/>
<path name="sun/security/pkcs11"/>
<path name="sun/security/pkcs11/wrapper"/>
<path name="sun/security/action"/>
3. Now, create the directory that will hold JBOSS’ link to mysql-connector-java.jar, and the link itself:
# mkdir -p $JBOSS_HOME/modules/com/mysql/main
# cd $JBOSS_HOME/modules/com/mysql/main
# ln -s /usr/share/java/mysql-connector-java.jar mysql-connector-java.jar
4. Now, build the module.xml file that describes the connector.
# vi module.xml

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5. Add the following in to the module.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<module xmlns="urn:jboss:module:1.0" name="com.mysql">
<resources>
<resource-root path="mysql-connector-java.jar"/>
</resources>
<dependencies>
<module name="javax.api"/>
<module name="javax.transaction.api"/>
</dependencies>
</module>

6. Now first make the ejbca user as the owner of the JBOSS directory tree and then start the JBOSS Server.
# chown -R ejbca:ejbca /opt/jboss/
7. Open a new terminal and logged in as ejbca user and export the environment variables defined in the
Configuring Installing and Deploying the EJBCA section.
# cd $JBOSS_HOME/bin
# ./standalone.sh
8. When the JBOSS successfully started ensure that something like this at the end:
11:12:00,514 INFO [org.jboss.as] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015874: JBoss AS
7.1.1.Final "Brontes" started in 6329ms - Started 133 of 208 services (74 services are
passive or on-demand)

Now when the JBOSS service is running, Enable MySQL connector using the JBOSS command line
interface, which will update the configuration of the standalone instance. But before making any changes,
first backup the configuration file:
# cd $JBOSS_HOME/standalone/configuration
# cp standalone.xml standalone.xml.initial
9. Run registration command from the jboss CLI (the small text is a single line):
# cd $JBOSS_HOME/bin
# sh jboss-cli.sh
connect
/subsystem=datasources/jdbc-driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver:add(driver-
name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver,driver-module-name=com.mysql,driver-xa-datasource-class-
name=com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlXADataSource)
exit
This cli action defines our MySQL driver in /opt/jboss-as-
7.1.1.Final/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml, and then reloads JBOSS.
If changes have been successful, following message displays in the console logs of JBOSS:
11:16:18,349 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.subsystems.datasources] (ServerService Thread
Pool -- 27) JBAS010404: Deploying non-JDBC-compliant driver class com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
(version 5.1)

By default, the standalone instance is defined with an h2/hsqldb database connector, and an example
database. If left unchanged, EJBCA is preconfigured to use it for example purposes. It is not required and
you need to disable it in the standalone.xml configuration file.
# vi $JBOSS_HOME/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml

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10. Remove the following:

<datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/ExampleDS" pool-name="ExampleDS"
enabled="true" use-java-context="true">
<connection-url>jdbc:h2:mem:test;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1</connection-url>
<driver>h2</driver>
<security>
<user-name>sa</user-name>
<password>sa</password>
</security>
</datasource>

Also remove:
<driver name="h2" module="com.h2database.h2">
<xa-datasource-class>org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource</xa-datasource-class>
</driver>

Now, watch the console log after restarting JBOSS, you should no longer see:
11:16:18,156 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.subsystems.datasources] (ServerService Thread
Pool -- 27) JBAS010403: Deploying JDBC-compliant driver class org.h2.Driver (version 1.3)

But you should continue to see:

11:19:25,098 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.subsystems.datasources] (ServerService Thread
Pool -- 27) JBAS010404: Deploying non-JDBC-compliant driver class com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
(version 5.1)

Preparing EJBCA Installation Files

You need to set up the configuration files for the EJBCA. The configuration file samples, with plenty of
comments describing various options, can be found within the "$EJBCA_HOME/conf/" directory.
1. First copy the sample files which required for EJBCA installation and make the changes as described:
# cd $EJBCA_HOME/conf
2. Setup the ejbca configuration file:
# cp ejbca.properties.sample ejbca.properties
Make the following changes in ejbca.properties and save the file:
# Application server home directory used during development.
appserver.home=/opt/jboss
# Which application server is used?
appserver.type=jboss
# EJBCA instance.
ejbca.productionmode=ca

3. Setup the database configuration file:

# cp database.properties.sample database.properties

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Make the following changes in database.properties and save the file:

# JNDI name of the DataSource used for EJBCA's database access.
datasource.jndi-name=EjbcaDS
# The database name selected for deployment, used to copy XDoclet merge files.
database.name=mysql
# Database connection URL.
database.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ejbca?characterEncoding=UTF-8
# JDBC driver classname.
database.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# Database username.
database.username=ejbca
# Database password.
database.password=ejbca

NOTE: For RHEL 7, edit the parameter database.url with below entry
database.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ejbca? And remove
characterEncoding=UTF-8

4. Setup the install configuration file:

# cp install.properties.sample install.properties
Make the following changes in install.properties and save the file:
# Enter a short name for the administrative CA.
ca.name=AdminCA1
# The Distinguished Name of the administrative CA.
ca.dn=CN=AdminCA1,O=EJBCA Sample,C=SE
# The token type the administrative CA will use.
ca.tokentype=org.cesecore.keys.token.PKCS11CryptoToken
# Password for the administrative CA token.
ca.tokenpassword=<Partition_password>
# Configuration file were you define key name, password and key alias for the HSM
ca.tokenproperties=/opt/ejbca/conf/catoken.properties
# The keyspec for the administrative CAs key.
ca.keyspec=2048
# The keytype for the administrative CA, can be RSA, ECDSA or DSA
ca.keytype=RSA
# Default signing algorithm for the administrative CA.
ca.signaturealgorithm=SHA256WithRSA

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# The validity in days for the administrative CA, only digits.

ca.validity=3650
# The policy id of the administrative CA. Policy id determines which PKI policy the CA
uses.
ca.policy=null

5. Setup the catoken configuration file:

# cp catoken.properties.sample catoken.properties
Make the following changes in catoken.properties and save the file:
# Configuration file were you define key name, password and key alias for the HSM.
sharedLibrary=/usr/safenet/lunaclient/lib/libCryptoki2_64.so
slotLabelType=SLOT_NUMBER
slotLabelValue=1
pin=userpin1
certSignKey=signKey
crlSignKey=signKey
defaultKey=signKey

6. Setup the web configuration file:

# cp web.properties.sample web.properties
Make the following changes in web.properties and save the file:
# Password for java trust keystore (p12/truststore.jks).
java.trustpassword=changeit
# The CN and DN of the super administrator.
superadmin.cn=SuperAdmin
superadmin.dn=CN=${superadmin.cn},O=EJBCA Sample,C=SE
# The password used to protect the generated super administrator P12 keystore.
superadmin.password=ejbca
# Set this to false if you want to fetch the certificate from the EJBCA public web
# pages, instead of importing the P12-keystore. This can be used to put the initial
# superadmin-certificate on a smart card.
superadmin.batch=false
# The password used to protect the web servers SSL keystore.
httpsserver.password=serverpwd
# The CA servers DNS host name, must exist on client using the admin GUI.
httpsserver.hostname=ca.example.com
# The Distinguished Name of the SSL server certificate used by the administrative web gui.
httpsserver.dn=CN=${httpsserver.hostname},O=EJBCA Sample,C=SE

NOTE: The configuration setting is done here for the objective of this guide,
change these settings according to your environment.

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Installing EJBCA
The installation itself is more or less a straightforward process. The ejbca user must be the owner of both the
JBOSS directory tree and the EJBCA directory tree. Before running our initial deployment, it's a requirement to
ensure that this is the true.
# chown -R ejbca:ejbca /opt/jboss
# chown -R ejbca:ejbca /opt/ejbca
It is necessary to run the JBoss AS instance in order to get on with the next step. To perform this task, open a
new terminal on ca.example.com and export the environment variables defined in the Configuring Installing and
Deploying the EJBCA section.
# cd $JBOSS_HOME/bin
# ./standalone.sh
Once the server has started up, the following line displays at the end:
14:20:49,326 INFO [org.jboss.as] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015874: JBoss AS 7.1.1.Final
"Brontes" started in 5907ms - Started 130 of 204 services (74 services are passive or on-demand)

Ensure that the server starts without any error. See the server logs of JBOSS Server at the following
location: "$JBOSS_HOME/server/default/log/server.log"
Once the instance is up and running, proceeds with the installation of EJBCA. Open a new terminal and log in
as ejbca user on ca.example.com server and export the environment variables defined in the Configuring
Installing and Deploying the EJBCA section.
# cd $EJBCA_HOME
# ant deploy
BUILD SUCCESSFUL message displays when deployment completed successfully. The deployment command
might take a while, after deployment has finished wait for the JBOSS to complete deployment.
Once the server has started up, the following line displays:

14:33:26,946 INFO [org.jboss.as.server] (DeploymentScanner-threads - 2) JBAS018559: Deployed

"ejbca.ear"

Finalize the deployment with following command on the EJBCA terminal:

# ant install
BUILD SUCCESSFUL message displayed when installation completed successfully. Once the installation has
finished, start the JBOSS again with the following command on the JBOSS terminal:
# ./standalone.sh

Importing Super-Administrator Token

Since EJBCA is protecting the access to administration segment through client certificates, it is necessary to
import the super-administrator token into web browser. The certificate should be installed from the EJBCA web
server to workstation which will be used for further configuration on CA server.
1. Open the Mozilla Firefox web browser to access the EJBCA web page and enter the following URL:
http://<hostname/IP address>:8080/ejbca
2. When the EJBCA public web page opened, click on the Create Browser Certificate under Enroll section.

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3. Enter the Username and Password in Authentication section and click OK.

NOTE: Username and Password would be superadmin and ejbca respectively, if

you have set it according to this guide.

4. Click the Enroll button under Options section on the EJBCA Certificate Enrollment page. It imports the
certificate and this certificate will be used for communicating the EJBCA for Administrative settings.
5. Once this has been completed, it should be possible to access the administration interface of the EJBCA by
clicking the Administration.

Enable Key Recovery

An important aspect when generating private keys is their secrecy and safekeeping. In case of private keys
which should be used for non-repudiation, these keys should not be backed-up.
On the other hand, in case of private keys which are used for encryption, it is essential to maintain copies of
those keys. If the keys get lost, the data encrypted with them is rendered useless.
In order to allow key recovery, go to the Administration > System Configuration page and activate the
Enable Key Recovery option by selecting the Activate check box. Save the setting by clicking the Save button.

Create Root CA
Ensure that the PKCS#11 token using SafeNet Luna HSM has been created successfully. Click the Crypto
Tokens and verify that the PKCS#11 token is listed under the Manage Crypto Tokens. Also ensure that it
displays the SafeNet PKCS#11 library along with the Slot ID. You need to verify that it is in activated and used
state.

NOTE: AdminCA1 is the name of the Crypto Token as per the settings
mentioned in this guide.

With basic installation done, it is time to set up the certification authority hierarchy. The starting point is the Root
CA. Click Certification Authorities and enter ExampleRootCA as the name of new certification authority, then
click the Create button. Make the following changes:
Signing Algorithm: SHA256WithRSA
Crypto Token: AdminCA1.
defaultKey=defaultKey
certSignKey=signKey
Description: Root CA for Example Inc
Subject DN: CN=ExampleRootCA,O=Example Inc,C=RS
Validity: 20y
Issuing Distribution Point on CRLs: On
Default CRL Dist. Point: Click on Generate button.
CRL Expire Period: 1y
CRL Overlap Time: 2d
Once information is filled, click the Create button. Wait until the operation finishes. Once it is completed, a new
certification authority will be available in the list of Certification Authorities.

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Create Sub-CA's
Open the Certificate Profiles page, from List of Certificate Profiles, click the Clone button against the
SUBCA profile, enter Example Sub-CA in the Name of new certificate profile box, and click the Create from
Template button. It creates a new certificate profile with properties copied from the SUBCA profile.
1. Select the newly created Example Sub-CA and click the Edit button. The following options for this profile
should be changed:
Available bit lengths: 2048 bits
Validity: 15y
Allow validity override: Off
CRL Distribution Points: On
Use CA defined CRL Dist. Point: On
Available CAs: ExampleRootCA
2. Click Save to commit the changes.
3. The next CA in line is the certification authority which will issue certificates for servers. Open the
Certification Authorities page, and enter ExampleServerCA in the Add CA box, then click the Create
button. Make the following changes on the page:
Signing Algorithm: SHA256WithRSA
Crypto Token: AdminCA1.
defaultKey=myKey
Description: Example's CA in charge of issuing certificates for servers within the organization.
Subject DN: CN=ExampleServerCA,O=Example Inc,C=RS
Signed By: ExampleRootCA
Certificate Profile: Sub-CA
Validity (*y *mo *d) or end date of the certificate: 15y
Use Issuing Distribution Point on CRLs: On
Default CRL Dist. Point: Click on Generate button
CRL Expire Period (*y *mo *d *h *m): 14d
CRL Overlap Time (*y *mo *d *h *m): 12h
4. Click the Create button to finalize the creation of basic CA hierarchy.

Create Certificate Profiles for End Entities

The same way certificate profiles were created for Sub-CA's, it is also necessary to create certificate profiles for
end entities. These profiles will be based on the default profiles provided by the EJBCA itself.
Go to the Certificate Profiles page and click the Clone button of the SERVER profile, enter ExampleServer in
the Name of new certificate profile box, and click on the Create from template. Select the newly created
certificate profile and click on the Edit button. Make the following changes to the profile:
Available bit lengths: 1024, 2048
CRL Distribution Points: On
Use CA defined CRL Dist. Point: On
Available CAs: ExampleServerCA
Click Save. This concludes the creation of basic certificate profiles.

Create End Entity Profiles

Click the End Entity Profiles page and enter Server in the Add Profile text box. Click the Add button. Select
the newly created Server profile and click the Edit End Entity Profile button. Add the following Subject DN
Attributes and mark them all as Required and Modifiable:
O, Organization

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C, Country (ISO 3166)

Change the fields of Server profile as follows:
Username: Server
Password: Server
Batch generation (clear text pwd storage) use: On
CN, Common name: Server
O, Organization: Example Inc
C, Country (ISO 3166): RS
Default Certificate Profile: ExampleServer
Available Certificate Profiles: ExampleServer
Default CA: ExampleServerCA
Available CAs: ExampleServerCA
Default Token: User Generated
Available Tokens: User Generated
Click Save. All the basic necessary end entity profiles are now available.

Configure Publish Queue Process Service

Once you start publishing the certificates and CRL's to remote locations it is necessary to ensure that in case of
failures the certificates and CRL's do get published once the technical issues are resolved.
Go to the Administration -> Services page. Enter Publish Queue Process Service in the Add Service box,
and click Add. Select the newly created service, and click the Edit Service button. Enter the following
information:
Select Worker: Publish Queue Process Service
Select Interval: Periodical Interval
Period: 1 minutes
Select Action: No Action
Active: On
Pin to Specific Node(s): ca.example.com
Description: Publish certificates and CRL's from the publisher queue.
Apply the changes by clicking on the Save button.

Configure CRL Updater

As a final step to installing the EJBCA, it is necessary to set-up the CRL updater. CRL updater is in charge of
generating the CRL's and making sure that once they expire they get regenerated.
Go to the Administration -> Services page. Enter CRL Updater in the Add Service box, and click Add. Select
the newly-created service, and click the Edit Service button. Enter the following information:
Select Worker: CRL Updater
CAs to Check: ExampleRootCA, ExampleServerCA
Select Interval: Periodical Interval
Period: 5 minutes
Select Action: No Action
Active: On
Pin to Specific Node(s): ca.example.com
Description: Updates the CRL's if necessary. Checks are made every 5 minutes.
Once the information is filled-in, click Save. This concludes the initial deployment, installation, and configuration
of the EJBCA as certification authority using the SafeNet Luna HSM to secure the CA signing keys.

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