-THW CHARGE PARENTS WHO REFUSE TO VACCINATE THEIR CHILDREN WITH

CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE

GOVERNMENT
What if a mother decided not to vaccinate her daughter for measles, based on
rumors that the vaccine causes autism, and her daughter gets the disease at the age of
4 and passes it to a 1-year-old, who is too young for the vaccine, at her day care
center. And what if that baby dies? bioethicist Arthur L. Caplan and his co-authors
write on Journal of Law, Medical, and Ethics “One can make a legitimate, state-
sanctioned choice not to vaccinate but that does not protect the person making that
choice against the consequences of that choice for others, a parent who decides not to
vaccinate his kid and thus endangers another child is clearly at fault and could be
charged with criminally negligent homicide or sued for damages ”
Ladies and gentleman, first of all I would like to talk about herd immunity.
Herd immunity means the reduction of infection or disease in the unimmunised
segment as a result of immunising a proportion of the population. For example,
Measles vaccines are about 95 percent effective when given to children. That leaves a
5 percent chance that kids who are vaccinated will contract measles. This means that
no matter what, the disease still poses a public health risk, but we rely on others to get
vaccinated to hugely reduce the likelihood of outbreaks. That’s the process known as
herd immunity
Vaccinating your kid is also important not only for the community but for our
own and the government finance. As I said before, unvaccinated children threaten the
herd. Take the San Diego measles outbreak of 2008. After unknowingly contracting
the disease on a trip to Switzerland, an unvaccinated 7-year-old boy infected 11 other
unvaccinated kids, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention And
overall, 48 children too young to be vaccinated were quarantined, at an average cost
to the family of $775 per child. The CDC noted that all 11 cases were “linked
epidemiologically” to the 7-year-old boy and that the outbreak response cost the
public sector $10,376 per case.
If you think that the data mentioned above isn’t convincing enough, let’s take
a look at DIPHTHERIA that seems to have been resurrected from the grave.
Indonesia was declared almost free from the disease in the 1990s, but it has
apparently re-emerged. Between January and mid of in 2017, 714 people in 25
provinces were infected by Corynebacterium diphtheria, the bacterium causing
diphtheria. No fewer than 32 died. The government suspect it’s because of the many
anti-vaccination movements. In north jaakrta, 22 were children were affected. Their
average age was four years, meaning they were born in 2013. That was when the
number of diphtheria cases dropped after a brief appearance in 2009. Some parents
really do not want their children to be vaccinated, but there are also some who lack
discipline. Their children’s vaccinations are incomplete.
Then, I would like to talk about a common misconception about the
correlation between vaccine and autism. This false assumption dated back to 1998
when Dr. Andrew Wakefield and his associates published a paper in The Lancet on
the links between the MMR vaccine and autism. The debate continues today as
parents consider the harmful chemicals within vaccines such as mercury (does not
accumulate in the body), thimerosal (not present since 2001), aluminum (lower
quantity than aluminum found in breast milk, but can cause redness or swelling at the
injection site ), and antifreeze (not in vaccines at all) (Haelle, 2015). Autism, which is
now classified as a genetic disorder, has symptoms that generally appear in children at
the same age they receive the MMR vaccination, so a correlative link was drawn that
subsequent studies have proven does not exist (Bumiller, 2009; Maron, 2015).

Lastly I would like to talk about PARENTS RESPONSIBILITY. When

modern parents haven’t witnessed peers dying of preventable diseases, they do not see
the harm in neglecting to vaccinate their children. The lack of reinforcement through
witnessing others die of these diseases has convinced parents these diseases are no
longer a public health concern and vaccination is no longer necessary (Belisle, 2015).

It can be difficult to combat experiences with data even if the science is sound
and the benefits have been demonstrated, but that does not relieve parents of the
responsibility to care for their children and provide them with other proven
necessaries of life like shelter and nutritious food (Danzinger, 2016). Only four
percent of children have adverse reactions to vaccines, which is a success rate higher
than the mortality rate of mumps (EKOS, 2011; Bearman, 2010. This indacates the
divide between facts and experience remains deep.

If you say the country doesn’t own the child and making you the owner, you
just neglected the fact that children are not objects and parents have both rights and
responsibilities. Having a child may mean you have a right to decide how to care for
them, but the rights of parents are [not] beyond limitation. Countries have the duty to
protect all their citizens, including children. In the same way, parents are required to
use correct car seats and seat belts for their children, they should be required to
vaccinate their children because of the proven risks of not doing so (Danzinger, 2016;
Floyd, 2015).

If education is unable to occur without legislation, there is no harm in

requiring education legally by recognizing science as more valuable to the debate than
personal opinions. While anecdotes are valuable, evidence is absolute and is
becoming critically important in disseminating online information. The existence of
laws without education and awareness is harmful and breeds conspiracy, while letting
education and data speak for itself in conjunction with mandatory vaccination laws is
preferred. That is why, me as a the third speaker and the rest of the government team
believe Precaution and preventing death through mandatory vaccinations
outranks discomfort so we deemed parents who refuse to do so as a threat to the
community and thus should be criminally charged.
 OPPOSITION

Another source of controversy is whether mandatory vaccination violates civil

liberties or reduces public trust in vaccination. Vaccinations have also long been the
subject of various ethical controversies. The key ethical debates related to vaccine
regulation, development, and use generally revolve around (1) mandates, (2) research
and testing, (3) informed consent, and (4) access disparities.

Ethical debates and objections to school and other mandates arise because some
individuals and communities disagree with the mandates, and/or have religious or
philosophical beliefs that conflict with vaccination.[1] For example, in an effort to
protect the greatest number of people, public health vaccine regulations may infringe
upon individual autonomy and liberty.[6] Tension results when individuals want to
exercise their right to protect themselves and/or their children by refusing vaccination,
if they do not accept existing medical or safety evidence, or if their ideological beliefs
do not support vaccination.

 Vaccine research and testing

Sometimes researchers disagree about whom to include in vaccine trials. To properly

test a vaccine’s effectiveness, a clinical trial including a control group that does not
get the test vaccine is usually necessary.[1] Failing to provide any adequate
preventive option can be a difficult decision when the vaccine can potentially prevent
a serious, untreatable, or fatal infection, however. For instance, TB vaccine
researchers have struggled to devise ethical control group procedures. Existing TB
vaccines, called Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines, are not always effective to
prevent TB, and can cause infections in people with compromised immune systems,
such as people living with HIV/AIDS. When they test the effectiveness of new
strategies, researchers debate over whether or not it is safe and ethical to give control
participants these vaccines. For example, participants in a malaria vaccine trial in
Mali reported difficulty understanding several concepts including withdrawal from
study, side effects from the vaccine, and the difference between a research study and
therapy,[13] suggesting that better communication strategies are required to ensure
proper consent across cultures.

 Informed consent
the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 requires that doctors give
vaccine recipients, or their parents or legal representatives, a Vaccine
Information Statement (VIS). The VIS provides basic information about
vaccine risks and benefits and is designed to provide the information a patient
or parent needs to make an informed decision.

3.5 month old healthy twins both died, two days after receiving DPT, polio, &
hepB vaccines. It was determined to be “SIDS”. For both infants? At the same time?
the term “SIDS” or “sudden infant death syndrome” was not termed by the medical
community until shortly after vaccines were introduced in the 1960s? SIDS occurs
most frequently at 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months of age (when vaccines are
administered)?

How many infants who die shortly after receiving vaccinations are labeled as
“SIDS” cases? “Of these, 6.5% died within 12 hours of vaccination; 13% within 24
hours; 26% within 3 days; and 37%, 61%, and 70% within 1, 2, and 3 weeks,
respectively.

 Alumunium use
If premature babies get more than 10 micrograms of aluminum per day in their
IV solution, this aluminum may accumulate in their bones and their brain in toxic
levels. According to the second document, aluminum toxicity isn’t rare in newborns
and other patients receiving injectable medications and IV solutions containing
aluminum. They also warn that toxicity is difficult to detect just by observing
symptoms.
from A.S.P.E.N. (the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition,
not the ski resort), a group that monitors for safety and side effects of oral and
injectible nutritional products. Their statement on aluminum safety, published in
Nutrition in Clinical Practice in 2004 (See Resource 3), states that aluminum
accumulation in body tissues can occur in newborns receiving IV solutions containing
aluminum for prolonged periods. They state that the significance of this is not known.
They also reiterate the FDA’s recommendations that IV nutritional solutions contain
no more than 25 micrograms of aluminum per liter. Other injectible products aren’t
required to limit aluminum, but they are required to have a warning label that says,
“This product contains aluminum that may be toxic . . . .” The label goes on to specify
the worries about aluminum in patients with kidney problems and premature babies
and the limit of 5 micrograms per kilogram of body weight per day. A.S.P.E.N.
recommends that doctors “may want to purchase equivalent products with the lowest
aluminum content when possible and should monitor changes in the pharmaceutical
market that may affect aluminum concentrations.”

Now, none of these documents or studies mention vaccines. They only look at
IV solutions and injectible medications. I’m not sure why that is. Nor is it clear why
the FDA does not require aluminum warning labels on vaccines when they do require
it on all other injectible medications. Vaccines apparently have some sort of
exemption.

• Hib (PedVaxHib brand only) – 225 micrograms per shot.

• Hepatitis B – 250 micrograms.
• DTaP – depending on the manufacturer, ranges from 170 to 625 micrograms.
• Pneumococcus – 125 micrograms.
• Hepatitis A – 250 micrograms.
• HPV – 225 micrograms.
• Pentacel (DTaP, HIB and Polio combo vaccine) – 330 micrograms.
 Pediarix (DTaP, Hep B and Polio combo vaccine) – 850 micrograms.

some researchers from the Cochrane Collaboration (a group that looks at

healthcare issues around the world) investigated aluminum in vaccines and published
their findings in The Lancet Infectious Diseases in 2004 (see Resource 6). This group
reviewed all the side effect testing for one particular aluminum-containing vaccine
(DTP) and looked for any evidence that an aluminum-containing vaccine caused more
side effects than non-aluminum vaccines. Other than more redness, swelling and pain
at the injection site, they didn’t find any indications that an aluminum-containing
vaccine caused any problems. What prompted their investigation? According to the
Lancet journal, there have been suspected cases of aluminum causing various
neurologic and degenerative problems. The Cochrane Collaboration wanted to look at
a very large study group to see if there was a real correlation. They didn’t find any
problems with aluminum in vaccines and concluded that no further research should be
undertaken on this topic. That’s a pretty bold statement. Most researchers will make a
conclusion on research findings, but it’s unusual to go so far as to say that no one else
should do any more research into the matter.

 MERCUry
Mercury has been added to vaccines to preserve and prevent
bacterial contamination of multi-dose shots (1,2). It is in vaccines in
the form of a compound called thimerosal, and once injected into the
body via intramuscular injection, it is rapidly broken down into
thiosalicylate and ethylmercury (1). Ethylmercury is an organic toxic
mercury compound and the focus of the debate over mercury in
vaccines.

Mercury in vaccines is in the form of a compound called

thimerosal, which breaks down into ethylmercury.
In 1999, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Public Health
Service called for mercury to be taken out of vaccines because they
discovered that the amount of mercury in certain vaccines which were
given to infants far exceeded the EPA reference dose or exposure
threshold for how much mercury that any individual should be
exposed to in one day.
Vaccines which contain mercury are influenza and meningococcal
vaccines
Contrary to what the CDC has to say about the safety of mercury or
thimerosal in vaccines, over 165 scientific studies have been published on
thimerosal and found it to be harmful (12). These studies have found that
exposure to thimerosal has been associated with: neurotoxicity (13,14) and
excitotoxic brain injury (15,16), lasting neuropathological changes (17),
neurodevelopmental disorders and autism (14,16,18,19), immune system
stimulation and inducing autoimmunity (20,21), kidney toxicity (22),
modification of hormone levels (16), mitochondria toxicity (23), fetal toxicity
 (24,25,26), DNA damage (27), and more. When it comes to child
development, thimerosal exposure has also been found to be a risk factor for
tics, speech delay, language delay, neurodevelopmental delay, delayed startle
response, decreased motor learning, and attention deficit disorder
(12,25,26,28).

Concerns about the inner workings of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) have been mounting in recent months amid disclosures of cozy
corporate alliances. Now a group of more than a dozen senior scientists have
reportedly lodged an ethics complaint alleging the federal agency is being influenced
by corporate and political interests in ways that short-change taxpayers.
A group calling itself CDC Scientists Preserving Integrity, Diligence and
Ethics in Research, or CDC SPIDER, put a list of complaints in writing in a letter to
the CDC Chief of Staff and provided a copy of the letter to the public watchdog
organization U.S. Right to Know (USRTK). The members of the group have elected
to file the complaint anonymously for fear of retribution.
“It appears that our mission is being influenced and shaped by outside parties
and rogue interests... and Congressional intent for our agency is being circumvented
by some of our leaders. What concerns us most, is that it is becoming the norm and
not the rare exception,” the letter states. “These questionable and unethical practices
threaten to undermine our credibility and reputation as a trusted leader in public
health.”
The complaint cites among other things a “cover up” of the poor performance
of a women’s health program called the Well-Integrated Screening and Evaluation for
Woman Across the Nation, or WISEWOMAN. The program provides standard
preventive services to help 40- to 64-year-old women reduce their risks for heart
disease, and promote healthy lifestyles. CDC currently funds 21 WISEWOMAN
programs through states and tribal organizations. The complaint alleges there was a
coordinated effort within the CDC to misrepresent data given to Congress so that it
appeared the program was involving more women than it actually was.
“Definitions were changed and data ‘cooked’ to make the results look better
than they were,” the complaint states. “An ‘internal review’ that involved staff across
CDC occurred and its findings were essentially suppressed so media and/or
Congressional staff would not become aware of the problems.”
The letter mentions that Congresswoman Rosa DeLauro, a Democrat from
Connecticut, who has been a proponent of the program, has made inquiries to CDC
regarding the data. A spokesman for her office, confirmed as much.
The complaint also alleges that staff resources that are supposed to be dedicated to
domestic programs for Americans are instead being directed to work on global health
and research issues.
And the complaint cites as “troubling” the ties between soft drink giant Coca-Cola
Co., an advocacy group backed by Coca-Cola, and two high-ranking CDC officials -
Dr. Barbara Bowman who directed the CDC’s Division for Heart Disease and Stroke
Prevention until retiring in June, and Dr. Michael Pratt, senior Advisor for Global
Health in the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
(NCCDPHP) at the CDC.
Bowman, retired after revelations of what the complaint called an “irregular”
relationship with Coca-Cola and the nonprofit corporate interest group set up by
Coca-Cola called the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI). Email
communications obtained through Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests by
USRTK revealed that in her CDC role, Bowman had been communicating regularly
with - and offering guidance to - a leading Coca-Cola advocate seeking to influence
world health authorities on sugar and beverage policy matters.
Emails also suggested that Pratt has a history of promoting and helping lead research
funded by Coca-Cola while being employed by the CDC. Pratt also has been working
closely with ILSI, which advocates for the agenda of beverage and food industries,
emails obtained through FOIA showed. Several research papers co-written by Pratt
were at least partly funded by Coca-Cola, and Pratt has received industry funding to
attend industry-sponsored events and conferences.
Last month, Pratt took a position as Director of the University of California San
Diego Institute for Public Health. Next month, ILSI is partnering with the UCSD to
hold a forum related to “energy balance behavior,” planned for November 30 to
December 1 of this year. One of the moderators is another CDC scientist, Janet
Fulton, Chief of the CDC’s Physical Activity and Health Branch. Pratt is on annual
leave from the CDC during his stint in San Diego, according to the CDC.
The forum fits into the messaging of “energy balance” that Coca-Cola has been
pushing. Consumption of sugar-laden foods and beverages is not to blame for obesity
or other health problems; a lack of exercise is the primary culprit, the theory goes.
Experts in the nutrition arena have said that the relationships are troubling because the
mission of the CDC is protecting public health, and yet certain CDC officials appear
to be close with an industry that, studies say, is linked to about 180,000 deaths per
year worldwide, including 25,000 in the United States. The CDC is supposed to be
addressing rising obesity rates among children, not advancing beverage industry
interests.
CDC spokeswoman Kathy Harben would not address what the agency might be
doing, if anything, in response to the SPIDER complaint, but she said the agency
makes use of a “full range of federal ethics statutes, regulations, and policies” that
apply to all federal employees.”
“CDC takes seriously its responsibility to comply with the ethics rules,
inform employees about them, and take steps to make it right any time we
learn that employees aren’t in compliance,” Harben said. “We provide regular
training to and communicate with staff on how to comply with ethics
requirements and avoid violations.”