Scribd
Upload
45 views33 pages

Department of Civil Engineering: Structural Analysis - 1

The document discusses the four main steps involved in structural analysis: 1) Planning - considering loads, materials, geometry, and arrangements. 2) Analysis - making assumptions, determining member forces and deformations. 3) Design - iteratively sizing members to meet strength and serviceability criteria. 4) Construction - executing the design plans through erection and inspection. It then provides examples of earthquake and wind load calculations, and compares the Allowable Stress Design and Load and Resistance Factor Design methods for accounting for load and material uncertainties in structural design.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Fatir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
45 views33 pages

Department of Civil Engineering: Structural Analysis - 1

The document discusses the four main steps involved in structural analysis: 1) Planning - considering loads, materials, geometry, and arrangements. 2) Analysis - making assumptions, determining member forces and deformations. 3) Design - iteratively sizing members to meet strength and serviceability criteria. 4) Construction - executing the design plans through erection and inspection. It then provides examples of earthquake and wind load calculations, and compares the Allowable Stress Design and Load and Resistance Factor Design methods for accounting for load and material uncertainties in structural design.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Fatir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 33

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS – 1

CE -213

Dr. Muhammad Ilyas

Department of Civil Engineering


FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Lahore Leads University, Lahore

**********************************************************************************
INTRODUCTION

▪ Steps involved in building or making of


real structures, like Bridge, Building etc.
are mainly FOUR, which are as follows:

i) Planning
ii) Analysis
iii) Design and
iv) Construction

PLANNING - A structures should be


a) Safe
b) Aesthetical and
c) Economical
and to consider how;
a) Loads or forces to act upon
b) Material to resist the loads or forces
c) Arrangements of components or
members or various parts
d) Overall geometry or dimensions

ANALYSIS -- In this step (This is the course which we are going to study)

a) Assumptions and idealization for


supports and connections
b) Determination of responses
forces and deformations (F,V,M and u,v,θ)
based on structural mechanics
DESIGN --- It is an iterative process in which there are
many iteration are required to move from
Preliminary Design (PD) to Final Design
(FD) to fulfill all the requirements
e.g. Strength and serviceability etc.

a) Determination of member sizes based on


internal forces
b) Meeting the criteria for strength and
deformation as specified by code of
practice.
c) Determination of members and
connections details .
d) Making design drawings.

CONSTRUCTION  This step involves

a) Making arrangements for execution and


actual erection of the structures
b) Supervision and inspection to make sure
that the construction is in accordance
with the specified design drawings.
Earthquake Loads:

The design seismic load or base shear (V) can be calculated


according to the NBC (national building code of Pakistan) or UBC
(uniform building code of America)

CvI
V = ------- x W
RT
(where Cv is seismic coefficient based spectral velocity response
of soil, I is important factor, R is structural coefficient, T is
natural period and W is total load of the structure)
1.4 STRUCTURAL DESIGN

In design it is necessary for consider :-

i) Load uncertainty and


ii) material uncertainty.

Note:- Loads like, live load, wind loads and earthquake loads are uncertain
and these can only be estimated as it is complicated to measure
these loads exactly. There occurrence is also very uncertain as
wind loads and earthquake loads may not occur at the same time
during the whole life of the structure. Similarly, material behavior
is also complicated and it is determine with approximate ways.

There are two design methods and ASCE 7-10 standard for loads guides to consider the
loads on structures to cover these uncertainties.

1) ASD ( Allowable-Stress Design ) Method:

 D (D= dead load)


 0.6D + 0.6L (L=live load)
 0.6D + 0.7L

2) LRFD (Load and Resistance Factor Design) Method

 1.4D
 1.2D + 1.6L + 0.5S (S= snow load)
 0.9D + 1.0W (W=wind load)
 0.9D + 1.0E (E=Earthquake load)
(ASD Method ) (LRFD Method)

You might also like