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    Induction Generator Aim: Grid-Connected Induction Machine

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    nitish kumar
    The document discusses the operation of an induction machine as a generator in both grid-connected and standalone modes. It explains that an induction machine operates as a generator when its speed exceeds the synchronous speed, causing negative slip. For generating mode, reactive power must be supplied either from the grid or from capacitor banks for standalone operation. The document provides procedures to demonstrate self-excited and grid-connected induction generator operation by connecting the machine to resistive loads or the grid and varying its speed above synchronous using a prime mover.

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    Induction Generator Aim: Grid-Connected Induction Machine

    Uploaded by

    nitish kumar
    82 views3 pages
    The document discusses the operation of an induction machine as a generator in both grid-connected and standalone modes. It explains that an induction machine operates as a generator when its speed exceeds the synchronous speed, causing negative slip. For generating mode, reactive power must be supplied either from the grid or from capacitor banks for standalone operation. The document provides procedures to demonstrate self-excited and grid-connected induction generator operation by connecting the machine to resistive loads or the grid and varying its speed above synchronous using a prime mover.

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    induction generator detailed study

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    induction generator

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    The document discusses the operation of an induction machine as a generator in both grid-connected and standalone modes. It explains that an induction machine operates as a generator when its speed exceeds the synchronous speed, causing negative slip. For generating mode, reactive power must be supplied either from the grid or from capacitor banks for standalone operation. The document provides procedures to demonstrate self-excited and grid-connected induction generator operation by connecting the machine to resistive loads or the grid and varying its speed above synchronous using a prime mover.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    82 views3 pages

    Induction Generator Aim: Grid-Connected Induction Machine

    Uploaded by

    nitish kumar
    The document discusses the operation of an induction machine as a generator in both grid-connected and standalone modes. It explains that an induction machine operates as a generator when its speed exceeds the synchronous speed, causing negative slip. For generating mode, reactive power must be supplied either from the grid or from capacitor banks for standalone operation. The document provides procedures to demonstrate self-excited and grid-connected induction generator operation by connecting the machine to resistive loads or the grid and varying its speed above synchronous using a prime mover.

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    Induction Generator

    Aim
    To understand the operation of an induction machine as a generator in grid connected and standalone
    mode.

    Theory
    Induction machine operates as a motor when its speed (ωm ) lies between 0 and synchronous speed (ωs ),
    i.e. 0 < ωm < ωs . If the machine speed crosses ωs then the machine operates with negative slip. This
    means that the rotor field is rotating “ahead of” the stator field. The torque produced is negative and
    hence the machine is generating power. The complete torque speed characteristics can be seen in the
    Fig.1

    Figure 1: Torque Speed characteristics of induction machine: both in motoring and generating mode

    The rotor currents in the induction machine are due to the induced emf in the rotor. There is no
    separate excitation supplied to the rotor. The motor can enter generating mode only of receives reactive
    power in the form of field supply. Two such cases have been considered here based on the source of
    reactive power.

    Grid-connected Induction Machine


    Consider an induction machine connected to the grid. The machine can run as a motor by connecting
    it to a three phase supply. Note, the machine speed (in motoring mode) is less than the synchronous
    speed (ωm < ωs ). However, if the speed is increased by means of a prime mover to a value greater than
    ωs then the machine acts like a generator with power being supplied to the grid. The reactive power
    needed is drawn from the grid.

    Standalone Induction Generator


    The standalone induction generator can operate at any speed. Start the induction machine by using
    a prime mover.The reactive power needed for generator operation is provided using capacitor banks.
    Switch in capacitor banks across the machine terminals that will excite the induction machine and

    1
    will enter generating mode. The value of capacitor bank needed for self excitation depends on the
    parameters of the induction machine.

    Procedure
    Self-excited Induction Generator
    1. Connect the circuit as shown in the Fig. 2.
    2. Fix the speed of the induction machine to any value using the prime mover (DC Motor).
    3. Switch on the capacitor banks one by one by closing switches S1, S2, S3.
    4. Close the switch S4. You can see the bulbs glowing as power is supplied to them by the induction
    generator.
    5. What is the power delivered to the bulbs?

    3 phase resistive
    (light) load

    Single phase supply


    230 V, 50 Hz
    S4 3 phase
    induction
    DC
    machine # motor
    mechanical
    S1 S2 S3 coupling

    controlled rectifier

    field winding

    Single phase supply


    230 V, 50 Hz

    Figure 2: Independently operating (self excited) induction generator

    Grid-connected Induction Generator


    1. Make circuit connections as shown in Fig.3
    2. Start the induction machine using an autotransformer and note the direction of rotation. Reduce
    the voltage to zero to stop the machine.
    3. Start the DC motor. Note the direction of rotation and turn off the dc supply.
    4. If the two directions are the same go to the next step. Otherwise, interchange the armature
    supply terminals of the DC machine. (The same effect can be achieved by interchanging any two
    of the phase terminals of the induction machine; why? ).
    5. Close the switch S1 and start the induction machine with the autotransformer. Apply full rated
    voltage.
    6. Note the speed of the machine and the sign of power in the power analyzers.
    7. Start the DC machine. Increase its speed greater than the synchronous speed of the machine.
    Note the sign of power readings in the power analyzers.

    This experiment/chapter was prepared by R M Ramkumar (Research Assistant, 2014-17 batch).

    2
    3 phase supply

    Single phase supply


    440 V, 50 Hz

    230 V, 50 Hz
    S1 3 phase
    3 phase Power induction
    DC
    autotransformer Analyzer
    machine # motor
    mechanical
    coupling

    controlled rectifier

    field winding

    Single phase supply


    230 V, 50 Hz

    Figure 3: Grid connected induction generator

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