Project Overview

Water is an important resource for all the livings on the earth. In that, some people are
not getting sufficient amount of water because of unequal distribution. We can use this
approach so that everyone gets the equal amount of water. It is also used to avoid the
wastage of water during the distribution period. In the previous method, the employee
will go to that place and open the valve for a particular duration, then again the employee
will go to the same place and close the valve, it is waste of time.

The proposed system is fully automated. Here human work and time are saved. To ensure
the safe supply of drinking water the quality should be monitored in real time for that
purpose new approach IOT (Internet of Things) based water quality monitoring has been
proposed. In this project, we will implement the design of IOT base water quality
monitoring system that monitors the quality of water in real time. This system consists
some sensors which measure the water quality parameter. The real-time monitoring of
water resources information will benefit the water resources management department
and the public.

The primary concept of real-time IOT based water resources information system is to
provide comprehensive and accurate information. The system is developed through
defining some explicit water resource parameters then, Water level and flow parameter
are defined for water measure & management, followed by a sensor network for water
resources information monitoring is constructed based on IOT.

1.3 Project Objective

Objectives of this project are:

i. To use water smartly and properly

ii. To reduce time and efforts in water management. iii.
To provide comprehensive and accurate information.

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 Chapter-2

Block Diagram and its Description

2.1 Block Diagram

Fig 2.1 Block Diagram

2.2 Block Diagram Description

Water flow Sensor - As the name water flow sensor is a device to measure water flow. After
calculating the water flow it sends it to arduino.
NodeMCU – Node MCU is a open source IoT platform. It includes firmware which
runs on the ESP8266 wifi soc espressif system, and hardware which is based on the
ESP-12 module. NodeMCU is used to control the function of water flow sensor. It
receives data from water flow sensor.

Water flow sensor is connected to NodeMCU . The output of water flow sensor is
given to is given to nodeMCU for the purpose of display. Water flow sensor
continuously calculate the water flow and calculated data is send to nodeMCU.

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 Schematic Diagram

3.1 Circuit Diagram

Fig 3.1 Circuit Diagram

3.2 Circuit Description

NodeMCU and water flow sensor are connected as shown in above image.

1. Yellow wire of water flow sensor is connected to the D2(digital) pin of nodeMCU.

2. Red pin of water flow sensor is connected to the 3V3 pin of nodeMCU. 3V3 pin output a

voltage equal to the board level voltage i.e 3.3v.

3. While black wire of water flow sensor is connected to the ground pin of nodeMCU.

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3.3 Original Photograph of Working Project

Fig 3.2 Photo of Working project

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 Hardware Design Description

List of the Components

1. NodeMC
2. Water Flow Sensor
3. Computer with Software
4. Jumper Wire

Program

#include <Arduino.h>

#include <EEPROM.h>

#define USE_SERIAL Serial

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>

#include <ESP8266HTTPClient.h>

const int buttonPin = D2; // variable for D2 pin int contagem = 0; // variable to

store the “rise ups” from the flowmeter pulses int litres = 0; char

thingspeak_string[200]; //string used to send info to the server ThingSpeak char

web_string[200]; char litres_string[10]="0"; int addr = 0;

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 //SSID and PASSWORD for the AP (swap the XXXXX for real ssid and password )

const char* WIFINAME = "Realme"; const char* PASS = "12345678";

//HTTP client init

HTTPClient http;
//Webserver init

WiFiServer server(80);

//Interrupt function, so that the counting of pulse “rise ups” dont interfere with the rest

of the code (attachInterrupt) void pin_ISR()

contagem++;

} void

setup() {

// Serial Comunication init

Serial.begin(115200); delay(10);

// EEPROM access init

EEPROM.begin(1);

litres=EEPROM.read(addr);

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 // Initialization of the variable “buttonPin” as INPUT (D2 pin) pinMode(buttonPin,

INPUT);

// Attach an interrupt to the ISR vector attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(buttonPin),

pin_ISR, RISING); Serial.print("Connecting To "); Serial.println(WIFINAME); if

(WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {

WiFi.begin(WIFINAME, PASS);

while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)

delay(500);

Serial.print(".");

Serial.println("");

Serial.println("WiFi Connected");

Serial.print("IP address: ");

Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());

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} void loop() {

if(contagem > 440 )

litros++;

Serial.printl

n();

Serial.print("Litros: ");

Serial.print(litros);

//Write the new litres value to the EEPROM and put “contagem” variable to zero

EEPROM.write(addr, litros);

EEPROM.commit(); contagem

= 0;

//check if wifi is still connected,

//if yes, then carry on further Internte work.

if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {

//First we make our web address to send data

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 String stringTempratureURL = "http://class.shoolinlabs.com/2/?temprature=";

// we add our celsius data to above web address as "?temprature=ourvaluetosend"

stringTempratureURL = stringTempratureURL + litres;

//Again doing same thing as before

http.begin(stringTempratureURL);

int httpCode = http.GET(); if

(httpCode > 0) {

//String payload = http.getString();

//Serial.println(payload);

Serial.println(httpCode);

delay(3000);

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Advantages

There are many advantages of smart water management systems including:

1. Power Saver

Living in an age where we need to be more conscious of the energy that we use, a smart

water management systemm is ideal at saving power. Normally, regulating water levels

can consume electricity and wast water. However, with automatic controllers, the

electricity usage is limited as well as less water needed to regulate a supply.

2. Money Saver

A water level controller helps save money by limiting the waste of water and electricity.

These devices accurately regulate how much energy is used to protect against any

unnecessary water/electricity usage. Over time, the money saved is quite substantial.

3. Automatic

Another notable advantage with these devices is that they regulate on their own.

Eliminating manual operations with a timer switch, the frustrations of manual monitoring

water tanks is minimized. Water levels are maintained at the appropriate levels thanks to

the automatic operations of these devices.

4. Water Maximization

On average, water pumps are used more during mid day. A water management system

can maximize the water usage provided during mid day while automatically lessening

the water usage at night. This results to an appropriate level of water at all times being

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maintained, while providing you with the maximum use of your water at the appropriate

times.

5. Reliable Electronic Design

Addressing the durability problems found in earlier designs, the solid state electronics in

the newer models help to eliminate them. Not only do they help to eliminate the

durability issues, but they also create considerable savings of the life span of the unit

with an advanced modular design. In order to minimize problem areas of these designs,

the only moving parts are the relays. These relays are easily replaced and tested by any

skilled operator or electrician, while being an inexpensive part.

6. New Control Minimize Fouling & Deterioration

Proving to be less costly, over time, than the original float design for the ‘toilet tank’.

The solid state electronics are designed to minimize volt usage (less than 1 volt). This

directly minimizes the mineral fouling, plating, rusting, and deterioration of probes,

proving to be safer and more efficient. These factors extend the life span of the

controllers significantly, which saves money and energy.

7. Easy Installation With LED Monitoring

These new solid state electronics, and integrated electronics, offer superior performance,

hassle-free installation, and lower cost to operate over time when compared to the

lifespan of the original design. For continuous monitoring, the integrated firmware and

digital dry-contact circuitry easily and quickly connect to the automation systems of a

building. Each function of the integrated electronics and relays use LED lights to offer

operators the ability to visually scan them in order to verify proper operations.

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Disadvantages

• Water level controls need to be replaced every 3 years.

• The rust, foul and deteriorate

• Electronics are usually built seperately

• More difficult installation

• Most float switches are outdated

• No LED indicator lights

• No Warranty or Guarantee

Applications

The modern applications of radar are highly diverse, including:

• Water tank level control

• Fuel tank level gauging

• Oil tank level control

• High & low level alarms

• Pool water level control

• Leachate level control

• Cooling tower water level control

• Sewage pump level control

• Remote monitoring liquid

• Pump controller

• Stream level monitoring

• Tsunami warning and sea level monitoring

• Process batch control & monitoring

Future Expansion

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• Rain water harvesting can be done with which water supply can be done so that we could conserve
water drastically.

• Routine watering of trees, plants can be done in order to avoid wastage of water.
• In future we can also detect the water level and predict whether water scarcity may come or not
using Micro-strategy concept using Java programming language.

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