Seismic response simulation of tall

buildings using a new multi-cross-

line shear wall model

Quan Gu (XMU)
Baoyin Sun (DUT)
Jinping Ou (DUT)
 Outline

 MCLM model

 Verification examples
p

 Application
pp in tall building
g

 Conclusions and future work

 1 MCLM model: Background

 Current existing shear wall models
Current existing shear wall models
1.  Micro models
Modified compression field theory (MCFT) (Vecchio and Collins,
Collins 1986)
Cyclic softened membrane model (CSMM) (Mansour and Hsu, 2005)
Degrading from 3D concrete model ( Li and Ren)

2.  Macro models 
Three-vertical-line-element
Three vertical line element model (TVLEM) (Kabeyasawa,
(Kabeyasawa 1983)
Panel-wall macro element (PWME) (Kabeyasawa, 1997)
Multi-vertical-line-element model (MVLEM) (Vulcano, 1987)
Th truss
The t model
d l (Honggun
(H P k and
Park d Taesung
T E
Eom, 2006)
Beam-Truss model (Marios , 2011)

 It is still challenging to accurately, efficiently and robustly 
model the RC shear walls in super high‐rise buildings.
 1 MCLM model: Assumptions

 Membrane stress from two uncoupled 2D layers
y
1.  Concrete layer 
The shear behavior is modeled by two diagonal bars. One bar is
“softened” by the tensile strain of another bar.

The horizontal and vertical stresses are modeled independently

b two
by t concretet bars.
b

2.  Reinforcing steel layer 
2. Reinforcing steel layer
The smeared stress is computed by adding the contribution of
each steel bar.
 1 MCLM model: Stress computation

t  t s s 1 f s tc
 Membrane stress  lt
 lt  ltc
s1
f s 2 s
(c)  c
t (a) (b) t
 lt t lt
 s1  lt s
l l =  s 2l ls + l  lc

Stress Resultant Reinforcement stress Concrete stress

 Concrete stress tc f 2c  tc'  0 f1c tc

 ltc  lt c

t
(d)  ltc (e)  lt c (f)
l  0
c'

l  l
c = + lc

Concrete stress Shear stress Normal stress

 1 MCLM model: 1D material models

 1D Smeared Concrete and Steel Constitutive Relationship

fs
modified from (Mansour, Lee and Hsu 2001) fy
f y Stage 2T  si , fi 
K

TA
Stage 1 Stage 4
T2
T1 TB
C4 TB
CC T3
 s
Ec TC TC T 3  y  y u
T4
TD T 4 p
 y  (0.93  2 B ) y


CA :  0 ,  f c  TA :   cr , f cr 
Stage 1: f s  Es s Stage 2C: fs   f y
CB :   CB , f CB
 
C3
TB :   TB , fTB 
Stage 3 Stage 2T: f s  ((0.91  2 B ) f y  ((0.02  0.25 B ) Es s
C1 CC :   CC , fCC
  TC :   TC , fTC  f s  fi  
R 1
f  fi 
Stage 3 and Stage 4: s  i  1  A R s
K :   0 , f c  TD :  0, fTD 
Es 

fy 

C2
TB :   TB
 , fTB  TC  :   TC
 , fTC 
Stage 2C
 si1 , fi 1  Where B
1  f cr 
 
1.5

  0.15%
CB   f y 
 TC   TB 3  TC
   TB
 3
 =  0.2 f cr
fTC  fTC
fTD  1.5 f cr  0.8 fTB
CA
1.6
MCFT
1.4
 Softening coefficient Sofftening coefficiennt 
CSMM(k=400,fc=15.5MPa)
CSMM(k=10000,fc=15.5MPa)
1.2
.
1
 1
MCFT: 
0.8  0.34 r 0.8
 c
06
0.6
55.8
8 1
CSMM:   0.9
f c(MPa) 1  k  r 0.4

0.2
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02
Tensile strain  r
  tc
MCLM model: Solution
c
1 f2 f1c
 lt c
procedure and tangent moduli  lt c

 lc
 Stress resultants


• Concrete layer:
   l   lc

1D model
Horizontal  and ε   l 
extract

Vertical Bars:  t   t 
1D model
 tc

 
   c
 c
 l
 c
1
l    Extract

Diagonal 


ε  o     

rotate45o c

t 
Strain ε    t 
2
bars: rotate135
 
Strain         c
c


12
   f1 
c
 l  c
 lt   c
 1D model  c  Rotate  c  extract  lt 
    t   lt c
  f 2  



1


c 'softening'
2  0   c 
   lt 


• Steel layer:   1s   s

 1 f s1 
 s  Extract
s l
ε            s
   t 
rotate to s 1D model s
direction of steel  2  1 f  0
Rotate

 s 
s1
 0 
 12     s 
 lt 
 Consistent Tangent moduli t  lt s
s
ls
dσ dσ  dσ 
l
 s c

 D   
dε dε dε f s1 s
f s 2 s
 2 MCLM model: Verification

 Pure shear Specimen 1:

1000
50 250 250 250 50 Rigid beam 150
‫ܨ‬
2)]
refer tto [Sinan Alttin etc. (2012

25 50
S ti A-A
Section AA
1500
Section B-B 100
250 1000 250 300 100
B A A

Shear Force/kN
100
8ø12
50

1650
ø10@100 Section A-A
ø6/400 0
A A 100
Fiber element
3ø16 3ø16 -50
1

2ø16 2ø16 -100

1000 Analysis
ø6/250 Gauss point 2 =1.83%
ø10@100 Test
16ø16
1 =0.15% -150
3rd 4th = -20
20 -10
10 0 10 20
100 +
1st 2nd Top displacement/mm
450 B 1000 450 500
1900
Quad element Steel layer Concrete layer

0 0
stress/MPa

stress/MPa
a

-5 -2
-4
2

stress//MPa
-10

stress//MPa
-6 100
-1 0 1 -5
5 0 5 0
strain -3
strain -4
0
x 10 x 10 -2
0.1 2
ss/MPa

-100
s/MPa

-4
0 0 -2 -1 0 1 -5 0 5
strain x 10
-5 strain -4
x 10
stress
stres

-0.1
01 -2
2
-0.2 -4
-2 -1 0 1 -6
strain -5 -5 0 5
x 10 strain -4
x 10
 hn W. Wallacce. (2004)]
2 MCLM model: Verification

 Flexural-shear Specimen 2:
1220 N 8N 4N 4 N 4N 8 N
 0.07
200
F Af c
A A

153
100

102

Force/kN
8@450
3660 Section A-A
A A 0
msen and Joh

Shear F
Fiber element

-100
1
690 Analysis
4@350
@ Test
ohn H. Thom

Gauss point
1930
19 3@51 153 3@191 153 3@51 19 102
-200
-100 -50 0 50 100
8  #3(  9.53) # 2@191(  6.35) Hoops @ 76(  4.76) 3rd 4th = +
19
1st 2nd Top displacement/mm
64
Quad element Steel layer Concrete layer
19
Jo

0
2
stress/MPa

stress/MPa

-20 0
1 600
-2 400

Pa

Pa
stress/MP

stress/MP
-40 0 200
-4
0 10 20 0 5 10
strain -3 strain -3 -1 0
0.2 x 10 x 10
-200
0 -2 -400
MPa

MPa

0 -10 -5 0 5 0 0.01 0.02 0.03

stress/M

-5
5
stress/M

strain
t i x 10
-6
6 strain
-0.2 -10
-15
-0.4
-10 -5 0 5
strain -6 0 0.01 0.02 0.03
x 10 strain
 3 Application: a 32-story high-rise building

Total floors =32 Total Height = 129m

First floor height =5.0m the others height =4.0m

Material Compressive Tensile strength/MPa

Component strength/MPa
standard average
standard average
28~top C30 2.9258 2.2119 1.2368 1.04123
21~27 C40 26.1 36.1 2.39 3.22
12~20 C50 32.4 42.9 2.39 3.50
48000
9600 9600 9600 9600 9600 1~11 C60 38.5 46.6 2.85 3.71

Bracing
Steel beam Q345 345 345
Core Shear
tube wall
Reinforcement HRB400 400 400

Period/s T1 T2 T3 T4 T5

2.9775 2.9258 2.2119 1.2368 1.04123

Mega Couplin Steel
column g beam beam
3 Application: a 32-story high-rise building

Beam‐column: 4780
Quad3d:384
Shear Wall: 
Shear Wall: DOF:21096
Quad element  Time:2 hours (15s 
MCLM model earthquake wave)
z

Fiber 
Beam Column 
B C l section
element y

Stress Stress

cu c0
Strain y

Strain
fpcu
fpc

Concrete01:   Steel01:                         
Kent‐Scott‐Park model  1D J2 plasticity model
 3 A 32-story high-rise building: Responses
35
外围框架层间位移角包络线
Elcentro Wave (0-15s) 30 核心筒层间位移角包络线
400

300

200 25
100
PGA/Gal

0 20

Floor
-100

-200
15
-300

-400
400
0 5 10 15
Time/s 10

5
Earthquake excitation（400Gal）
0
2 4 6 8 10 12
Drift -3
x 10
1000 Drift Envelop
8
框架基底剪力时程曲线
500 6 核心筒基底剪力时程曲线
placement/mm

Force/N
0 2

Shear F 0
Disp

-500 -2

-4

-1000
1000 -6
6
0 5 10 15
Time/s -8
0 5 10 15
Time/s
Top horizontal Disp. Histories (mm)  Base shear force Histories (107N)
 3 A 32-story high-rise building: Responses
6
x 10 Floor1-ele-1
15 6

The 1st floor  10
4

2
shear wall：

nt/mm

Shear Forrce/N
5
0

Displacemen
0
-2
-5
-4
-10
-6
-15
-8
0 5 10 15 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20
Time/s Displacement/mm

Interstory Drift History Shear force – disp. response

水平方向钢筋应力应变关系

1 0

stress/MPa
stress/MPa

stress/MPa
0 -0.2
-0.2 -0.4
-1
-0.4 -0.6
-2 -0.8
-10 -5 0 5 -3 -2 -1 0 -4 -2 0
strain x 10
-4
-6 strain -6
x 10 x 10
Shear stress- shear strain of 3nd Gauss point Stress‐Strain of Steel (horizontal, vertical)

0 2
0 0

sstress/MPa
stress/MPa
sttress/M Pa
stress/MPa

-5 0
-0.02
-10 -5
-0.04 -2
-15
15
-20
-10 -0.06 -4
-2 0 2 0 10 20 -3 -2 -1 0 -2 0 2 4 6
strain x 10
-3
strain -4 strain -6 strain -4
x 10 x 10 x 10
Stress‐strain of concrete bars
 3 A 32-story high-rise building: Responses
5th Floor x 10
6 Floor5-ele-1
20 5

The 5th floor  10
shear wall：

nt/mm

Shear Force/N
Displacemen
0
0

-10

-20
-5
0 5 10 15 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40
Time/s Displacement/mm
Interstory Drift History
层间位移时程曲线 Shear force – disp. response
剪力与位移关系曲线
100
1 4

stress/MPa

stress/MPa
stress/MPa

0 2 50
0
-1 0
-2
-2
-10 -5 strain 0 5 -1 0 1 2 0 2 4
x 10
-4 strain x 10
-5 strain x 10
-4

Shear stress- shear strain of 3nd Gauss point

1st高斯点剪应力剪应变关系曲线 钢筋应力应变曲线(horizontal,
Stress‐Strain of Steel (horizontal, vertical)
vertical)

0 1
0
sstress/MPa
sttress/MPa

stress/MPa
sttress/MPa

0.2 0
-2
-5 0 -1
-4
-2
2
-10 -6 -0.2
-3
-5 0 5 -5 0 5 10 15 -1 0 1 2 0 2 4
strain -4 strain -4 strain x 10
-5 strain -4
x 10 x 10 x 10
Stress‐strain of concrete bars
混凝土棒应力应变曲线(1-,2-, horizontal, vertical)
 3 A 32-story high-rise building: Responses
15thh Floor
l Floor 15 Ele 1 Gauss Point 1
30
1
The 15th floor  20

shear wall：

nt/mm
10 0.5

MPa
Displacemen

stress/M
0
0
-10

-20 -0.5

-30
-11
-40 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
0 5 10 15
Time/s strain x 10
-4

Interstory Drift History
层间位移时程曲线 Stress‐strain of a Gauss point
2

stress/MPa
1 20
stress/MPa

0
0
-11

s
-2 -20
-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
strain x 10
-5 strain x 10
-4

Stress‐Strain of Steel (horizontal, vertical)
2 2 0.2 2
1
stress/MPa

0
stress/MPa

0
stress/MPa

0.1

stress/MPa
0
-2 -2 0
-1
-44 -0.1
01 -2
2
-4
-2 0 2 4 -6 -1 0 1 -3
-2 -1 0 1 2 -5 0 5 10 15
strain x 10
-4
strain -4 strain x 10
-5
strain -5
x 10 x 10
Stress‐strain of concrete bars
 3 A 32-story high-rise building: Responses
20th Floor Floor 20 Ele 1 Gauss Point 1
The 20th floor  40 2

shear wall： 20 1

Displacement/mm

stress/MPa
0
0

-20
-1
1

-40
-2
0 5 10 15 -4 -2 0 2 4
Time/s strain x 10
-4
Interstory Drift History Stress‐strain of a Gauss point
p
6
60
strress/MPa

strress/MPa
4
40
2
20
0 0
-2 -20
-0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
-5
-1 0 1 2 3
strain x 10 strain -4
x 10
Stress‐Strain of Steel (horizontal, vertical)
0.8 2

0 0 1
sttress/MPa

sttress/MPa

0.6
strress/MPa

strress/MPa
0
0.4
-5 -5 -1
0.2
-2
2

0 -3
-10 -10
-4 -2 0 2 4 6 -4 -2 0 2 4 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
-4
-1 0 1 2 3
strain x 10
-4 strain x 10
-4 strain x 10
-5
strain x 10
-4

Stress‐strain of concrete bars
 3 A 32-story high-rise building: Responses
20th Floor Floor 32 Ele 1 Gauss Point 1
20
The 32th floor  0.2

shear wall： 10 0.1

Displacement//mm
0

stress/MPaa
0 -0.1

-0.2
-10
-0.3

-0.4
-20
0 5 10 15 -4 -2 0 2
Time/s strain x 10
-5

Interstory Drift History Stress‐strain of a Gauss point

4
4
2

stress/MPa
stress/MPa

3
2 0

1 -2
2

0 -4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 -2 -1 0 1 2
strain x 10
-5 strain x 10
-5

Stress‐Strain of Steel (horizontal, vertical)
0.6
0.6
1 0.5
1 0.5

stress/MPa
stress/MPa

0.5
stress/MPa

stress/MPa
0.4
0.4
0.5 0.3
0 0.3

0.2
0.2
-0.5 0
0.1
01
0.1
-1
-0.5 0
0
-5 0 5 -2 0 2 4 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
-5
strain -5 strain -5 strain x 10
-5 strain x 10
x 10 x 10

Stress‐strain of concrete bars
4
Conclusions
• Conclusions
 A new Multi-cross-line model (MCLM) is presented for RC shear
wall

 The MCLM model is verified by Pure shear and Flexural shear

specimen examples.

 The model can catch the main feature of cyclic nonlinear behaviors
off RC shear
h walls
ll

 The model is robust, can be used in nonlinear seismic analysis of super 
high rise RC frame‐ shear wall buildings

Reference:  Q. Gu, B. Sun, J Ou. , A practical multi‐cross‐line model for simulating 
R f Q G B S JO A ti l lti li d l f i l ti
nonlinear cyclic behavior of reinforced concrete shear wall in super high‐rise buildings, 
ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, under preparation. 
 点击添加标题

PPT模板下载：
www.1ppt.com/moban/
/ /
谢 谢！
谢