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Chapter: 4.10 ATM Topic: 4.10.1 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

ATM is a connection-oriented protocol that uses fixed-size packets called cells for efficient transfer of data over high-speed networks. It provides real-time and non-real-time services using TDM streams, constant/variable bit rate transmissions, and compressed voice/video. The ATM protocol architecture includes physical, ATM, and adaptation layers to transfer user information and perform call/connection control and management functions.

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136 views3 pages

Chapter: 4.10 ATM Topic: 4.10.1 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

ATM is a connection-oriented protocol that uses fixed-size packets called cells for efficient transfer of data over high-speed networks. It provides real-time and non-real-time services using TDM streams, constant/variable bit rate transmissions, and compressed voice/video. The ATM protocol architecture includes physical, ATM, and adaptation layers to transfer user information and perform call/connection control and management functions.

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E-Content of

INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB DESIGN

Chapter : 4.10 ATM

Topic : 4.10.1 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)


• Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a streamlined packet transfer
interface. ATM also is a connection-oriented network.
• ATM uses packets of fixed size for the communication of data. These
packets are called as ATM cells.
• ATM is used for efficient data transfer over high-speed data networks.
• ATNI provides real time and non-real time services.
• The services provided are
 Synchronous TDM streams such as T-1.
 Services using the constant bit rates.
 Compressed voice and video.
 Traffic with specific quality requirement using the non-real time
variable bit rate.
 IP based services using available bit rate (ABR) and unspecified bit rate
(UBR) services.
• The ATM needs an adaption layer for supporting the information transfer
protocols that are not based on ATM.
• Cell Relay
 ATM is also known as cell relay.
 It has advantages of better reliability and fidelity, which allows
faster packet switching than X.25.
• Applications
 ATM was developed as a part of work on ISDN.
 But now it is used in non-ISDN system where the data rates are very high.
ATM Protocol Architecture (ATM Reference Model)
• ATM is a streamlined protocol. It has minimal error and flow control capabilities.
E-Content of
INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB DESIGN

• Hence the number of overhead bits required with each cell is reduced which
enables ATM to operate at high data rates.
• Also, due to the ATM cells of fixed size, the processing required at each node is
simplified. This also supports the use of ATM at high data rates.
• FIG 4.31 shows the ATM protocol architecture for an interface between user and
network.

FIG 4.32: ATM Protocol Architecture

• Layers in the ATM protocol model are


 Physical layer
 ATM layer
 ATM Adaption layer (AAL)
• Physical Layer
 The physical layer of the protocol involves the specification of a transmission
medium and signal-encoding scheme.
 The data rates specified at this layer are between 25.6 Mbps and 622.08
Mbps, but data rates higher and lower than these are possible.
• ATM Layer
 This layer is common to all the services that provide the packet transfer
capabilities.
E-Content of
INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND WEB DESIGN

 This layer defines the transmission of data in fixed size cells and it also
defines the use of logical connections.
• ATM Adaption Layer (AAL)
 This layer is a service dependent layer. It is used for supporting the
information transfer protocol not based on ATM.
 The AAL maps the higher layer information onto the ATM cell and cell is
transported over the ATM network.
• Planes in the ATM protocol model are
 User plane
 Control plane
 Management plane
• User plane
 It is used for transferring user information along with associated controls such
as flow control, error control etc.
• Control plane
 It is supported to perform the call control and connection control functions.
• Management plane
 It includes the plane management.
 The management plane performs management functions related to a system.
They include,
 Provision of coordination between all planes.
 Layer management.
 Management function relating to resources and parameters residing in its
protocol entities.

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