C Plus Plus Tutorial/2009 Run - Intra Page 1 of 14

C Plus Plus Tutorial/2009 Run

From Intra

< C Plus Plus Tutorial

◾ File:Maximum flow in pipe.ppt

Contents
◾ 1 Quadratic equation solving
◾ 2 Compuation of pipe diameter for pressurized flow
◾ 2.1 Version 1: No iteration
◾ 2.2 Version 2: Crude Iteration
◾ 2.3 Version 4: Using a function
◾ 2.4 Version 5: Return a value from a function
◾ 2.5 Version 6: Automatic iteration based on precision
◾ 3 Scope of variables
◾ 4 Arrays
◾ 4.1 10 numbers
◾ 4.2 Variable number of items -- but subject to a maximum
◾ 4.3 Multi-dimensional arrays
◾ 5 Vectors
◾ 5.1 Example 1
◾ 5.2 Example 2
◾ 6 File I/O
◾ 6.1 Reading from files
◾ 7 Functions
◾ 7.1 Using multiple files to define a program
◾ 7.2 With a Header file
◾ 7.3 Prime Numbers
◾ 8 extern
◾ 9 Pointers
◾ 9.1 Passing by value and passing by reference
◾ 9.2 Passing an array
◾ 10 Structures
◾ 11 Epanet with c/c++
◾ 12 EPA SWMM with C/C++

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Quadratic equation solving

/*
Assela Pathirana (2009-05-25)
Reads three inputs a,b and c from console and
1. Tests whether a!=0
2. Test wheter b^2>=4ac
if a=0, then x1,x2=-c/b
if a!=0 and b^2>=4ac, then
X1=1/2a [-b+sqrt(b^2-4ac)]
X2=1/2a [-b-sqrt(b^2-4ac)]

Print X1 and X2
if a!=0 AND b^2<4ac then X1, X2 are complex. We just don't calculate
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;

int main(){
// input a, b and c
cout << "Please input a,b and c.\n";
cout << "a=";
double a;
cin >> a;
cout << "a=";
double b;
cin >> b;
cout << "c=";
double c;
cin >> c;
cout << "You have entered a,b,c=" << a <<
", " << b << ", " << c << "\n";
//now we have a, b and c from the user
double x1, x2;
int flag;
if(a==0){
flag=1;
//a==0
x1=-c/b;
x2=x1;

}else{
if(b*b>=4*a*c){
flag=2;
double tmp=sqrt(pow(b,2)-4*a*c);
x1=(-b+tmp)/(2*a);
x2=(-b-tmp)/(2*a);
}else{
flag=0;
cout << "The equation can not be solved.\n";

}
}

if(flag!=0){
cout << "The solutions are: x1,x2="<< x1 << ", "
<< x2 <<"\n";
}
}

Compuation of pipe diameter for pressurized flow

Version 1: No iteration

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#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#define PI 3.141592654
#define g 9.81
using namespace std;
int main(){
/*input Q, S*/

double Q;
cout <<"please enter Q.\n";
cin >> Q;
cout <<"Q="<<Q<<"\n";
double S;
cout <<"please enter S.\n";
cin >> S;
cout <<"S="<<S<<"\n";
cout <<"Q=,S="<< Q << ","<< S <<"\n";
double k=0.1;
double nu=1.31E-6;
double v=1;
double D=sqrt(4*Q/(PI*v));
cout <<"D="<< D <<"\n";
double Re=v*D/nu;
double Lmd=(0.25/(
pow(
log(
5.1286/pow(Re,0.89)+k/(3.7*D)
)
,2)
));
double vf=sqrt(2*g*D*S/Lmd);
cout <<"vf="<< vf <<"\n";
}

Version 2: Crude Iteration

#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#define PI 3.141592654
#define g 9.81
using namespace std;
int main(){
/*input Q, S*/

double Q;
cout <<"please enter Q.\n";
cin >> Q;
cout <<"Q="<<Q<<"\n";
double S;
cout <<"please enter S.\n";
cin >> S;
cout <<"S="<<S<<"\n";
cout <<"Q=,S="<< Q << ","<< S <<"\n";
double k=0.1;
double nu=1.31E-6;
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
double v;
cout <<"please enter v.\n";
cin >> v;
cout <<"v="<<v<<"\n";
double D=sqrt(4*Q/(PI*v));
cout <<"D="<< D <<"\n";
double Re=v*D/nu;
double Lmd=(0.25/(
pow(
log(
5.1286/pow(Re,0.89)+k/(3.7*D*1000)
)
,2)
));
double vf=sqrt(2*g*D*S/Lmd);

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cout <<"vf="<< vf <<"\n";

}
}

Version 4: Using a function

#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#define PI 3.141592654
#define g 9.81
using namespace std;

void calcV(double hg, double k, double Q, double nu){

double v;
cout <<"please enter v.\n";
cin >> v;
cout <<"v="<<v<<"\n";
double D=sqrt(4*Q/(PI*v));
cout <<"D="<< D <<"\n";
double Re=v*D/nu;
double Lmd=(0.25/(
pow(
log(
5.1286/pow(Re,0.89)+k/(3.7*D*1000)
)
,2)
));
double vf=sqrt(2*g*D*hg/Lmd);
cout <<"vf="<< vf <<"\n";
}

int main(){
/*input Q, S*/

double Q;
cout <<"please enter Q.\n";
cin >> Q;
cout <<"Q="<<Q<<"\n";
double S;
cout <<"please enter S.\n";
cin >> S;
cout <<"S="<<S<<"\n";
cout <<"Q=,S="<< Q << ","<< S <<"\n";
double k=0.1;
double nu=1.31E-6;
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
calcV(S,k,Q,nu);
}
}

Version 5: Return a value from a function

#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#define PI 3.141592654
#define g 9.81
using namespace std;

double calcV(double hg, double k, double Q, double nu, double v){

double D=sqrt(4*Q/(PI*v));
cout <<"D="<< D <<"\n";
double Re=v*D/nu;
double Lmd=(0.25/(
pow(

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log(
5.1286/pow(Re,0.89)+k/(3.7*D*1000)
)
,2)
));
double vf=sqrt(2*g*D*hg/Lmd);
return vf;

int main(){
/*input Q, S*/

double Q;
cout <<"please enter Q.\n";
cin >> Q;
cout <<"Q="<<Q<<"\n";
double S;
cout <<"please enter S.\n";
cin >> S;
cout <<"S="<<S<<"\n";
cout <<"Q=,S="<< Q << ","<< S <<"\n";
double k=0.1;
double nu=1.31E-6;
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
double v;
cout <<"please enter v.\n";
cin >> v;
cout <<"v="<<v<<"\n";
double newvelocity=calcV(S,k,Q,nu,v);
cout <<"vf="<< newvelocity <<"\n";
}
}

Version 6: Automatic iteration based on precision

#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#define PI 3.141592654
#define g 9.81
using namespace std;

double calcV(double hg, double k, double Q, double nu, double v){

double D=sqrt(4*Q/(PI*v));
cout <<"D="<< D <<"\n";
double Re=v*D/nu;
double Lmd=(0.25/(
pow(
log(
5.1286/pow(Re,0.89)+k/(3.7*D*1000)
)
,2)
));
double vf=sqrt(2*g*D*hg/Lmd);
return vf;

int main(){
/*input Q, S*/

double Q;
cout <<"please enter Q.\n";
cin >> Q;
cout <<"Q="<<Q<<"\n";
double S;
cout <<"please enter S.\n";
cin >> S;
cout <<"S="<<S<<"\n";
cout <<"Q=,S="<< Q << ","<< S <<"\n";
double k=0.1;

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double nu=1.31E-6;
double v;
cout <<"please enter v.\n";
cin >> v;
cout << "Loop starting ...";
for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){
double newvelocity=calcV(S,k,Q,nu,v);
cout <<"i,v,newvelocity"
<< i << ", "<< v << ", "<< newvelocity <<"\n";
if(abs(v-newvelocity)<.0001){
break;
}
v=newvelocity;
}
}

Scope of variables
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void setval(){
double iue;
iue=1;
cout << "value inside: " << iue << "\n";
}

int main(){
double iue=3.0;
cout << "value in main 1st time: " << iue << "\n";
setval();
cout << "value in main 2nd time: " << iue << "\n";

cout << "##################################\n";

int i;
i=100;
cout << "i=" << i << "\n";
for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
cout << "i=" << i << "\n";
}
cout << "i=" << i << "\n";

Arrays
10 numbers

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/*
Read 10 numbers from the user and computes the average.
The dumb way ... using an array and two for loops!!*/
int main(){
double marks[10];
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
cout << "Enter the " << i << "th value:";
cin >> marks[i];
cout << "\n";
}
cout << "reading done.\n";
// now let's calculate aveage
double sum=0;
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){

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sum=sum+marks[i];
}
cout << "The average : " << sum/10;
}

Variable number of items -- but subject to a maximum

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
/*
Read 10 numbers from the user and computes the average.
The dumb way ... using an array and two for loops!!*/
int main(){
double marks[1000];
int count;
cout << "Enter marks. When you are done enter negative value.\n";
for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){
cout << "Enter the " << i << "th value:";
cin >> marks[i];
cout << "\n";
if(marks[i]<0){
count=i;
break;
}
}
cout << "reading done.\n";
// now let's calculate aveage
double sum=0;
for(int i=0;i<count;i++){
sum=sum+marks[i];
}
cout << "The average : " << sum/count;
}

Multi-dimensional arrays

/* A program that reads 4x4 matrix coefficients and print them nicely. */
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
double matrix[4][4];
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
for(int j=0;j<4;j++){
cout << "\nEnter the value (" << i << "," << j << ")th place:";
cin >> matrix[i][j];
}
}
cout << "Reading done.\n";

//now print this

for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
for(int j=0;j<4;j++){
cout << matrix[i][j] << "\t";
}
cout << "\n";
}

Vectors

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Example 1

/** A football team plays in a number of matches in a given season.

At the end of each match, we enter the number of goals scroed.
Later we produce the cumulative number of goals against the match number.
**/

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main(){
//first we define a storage
vector<int> scores;
//^^ a bag of integers named scores
int value;
do{
cout << "\nEnter the next score: ";
cin >> value;
scores.push_back(value);
}while (value>=0);
cout << "Done!";
scores.pop_back();
cout << "Done!";

// lets say we want to remove the second match's score before proceeding further.
scores.erase(scores.begin()+1);

int total=0;
for(int i=0;i<scores.size();i++){
total=total+scores[i];
cout << "Total :\t" << total << "\n";
}

Example 2

/** A football team plays in a number of matches in a given season.

At the end of each match, we enter the number of goals scroed.
Later we produce the cumulative number of goals against the match number.
**/

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main(){
//first we define a storage
vector<int> scores;
//^^ a bag of integers named scores
int value;
do{
cout << "\nEnter the next score: ";
cin >> value;
scores.push_back(value);
}while (value>=0);
cout << "Done!";
scores.pop_back();
cout << "Done!";

/* // lets say we want to remove the second match's score before proceeding further.
scores.erase(scores.begin()+1);
*/
int total=0;
for(int i=0;i<scores.size();i++){
total=total+scores[i];
cout << "Total :\t" << total << "\n";

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}
// now lets find the maximum score
int max=-999999999;
int min=9999999999;
for(int i=0;i<scores.size();i++){
if(scores[i]>max){
max=scores[i];
}
if(scores[i]<min){
min=scores[i];
}
}

cout << "Max score: " << max << "\n";

cout << "Min score: " << min << "\n";
}

File I/O
Reading from files

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

int main(){
ifstream fs;
fs.open("../data/moddata.txt");
if(!fs.is_open()){
cout << "Error. I can't find the file!";
exit(5);
}

int num;
double val;
double sum=0;
int count=0;
while(fs >> num >> val){
if(val<0){
//ignore this value.
continue;
}
sum=sum+val;
count++;
if(count%10000==0){
cout << "Iteraion: " << count << "\n";
}
}

cout << "The mean is: " << sum/count;

Functions
Using multiple files to define a program

File1

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

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int Calc();
int Calc2();
double Calc3();
double Raise(double );
/* Raise is a function that
takes ONE double as the argument
and returns a double
*/

int main(){
int a=Calc();
int b;
double c;
b=Calc2();
c=Calc3();
double p=5.2;
double ans=Raise(p);
cout << a << "\n";
cout << b << "\n";
cout << c << "\n";
cout << ans << "\n";

File 2

#include<math.h>
int Calc(){
int k=5*2;
return k;
}
int Calc2(){
return 6;
}

double Calc3(){
return 5.3;
}

double Raise(double k){

return pow(k,5);
}

With a Header file

Note
In visual c++ 2008 (express), include the path of the header file with properties to get this code
running.
File1

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <slave.h>

int main(){
int a=Calc();
int b;
double c;
b=Calc2();
c=Calc3();
double p=5.2;
double ans=Raise(p);
cout << a << "\n";
cout << b << "\n";
cout << c << "\n";

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cout << ans << "\n";

File2

/** slave.cpp **/

#include<math.h>
int Calc(){
int k=5*2;
return k;
}
int Calc2(){
return 6;
}

double Calc3(){
return 5.3;
}

double Raise(double k){

return pow(k,5);
}

File3

/** slave.h **/

int Calc();
int Calc2();
double Calc3();
double Raise(double );
/* Raise is a function that
takes ONE double as the argument
and returns a double
*/

Prime Numbers

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

bool isprime(int number);

int main(){
for(int i=1;true; i++){
if(isprime(i)){
cout << i << "\n";
}
}
}

bool isprime(int number){

for(int i=2;i<number;i++){
if(number%i==0){
return false;
}
}
return true;
}

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extern
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

extern int a;

void dumb(){
cout << "a=" << a << "\n";
}

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void dumb();

int a=5;

int main(){
dumb();
}

Pointers
Passing by value and passing by reference

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void add5(int * a){

*a=*a+5;
}

int main(){
int value=25;
add5(&value);
cout << "answer is " << value;
}

Passing an array

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

/* calculates the average value of the numbers stored in an array

divides each number by average*/
void normalize(double * arr, int length){
double sum=0;
for(int i=0;i<length;i++){
sum=sum+*(arr+i);
}
sum=sum/10;
for(int i=0;i<length;i++){
*(arr+i)=*(arr+i)/sum;
}

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int main(){
double values[]={1,2,5,6,8,9,11,12,12,14};
normalize(values,10);
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
cout << values[i] << "\n";
}
}

Structures
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct pipe{
string ID;
double len;
double dia;
string mat;
};

int main(){
pipe mypipes[5];
for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
cout << "Enter next pipe ";
cout << "\nID:";
cin >> mypipes[i].ID;
cout << "\nlen:";
cin >> mypipes[i].len;
cout << "\ndia:";
cin >> mypipes[i].dia;
cout << "\nMat:";
cin >> mypipes[i].mat;
}

for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
cout << mypipes[i].ID << "\t"
<< mypipes[i].len << "\t"
<< mypipes[i].dia << "\t"
<< mypipes[i].mat << "\nt" ;
}

Epanet with c/c++

File:Visual studio 2008 project to run this.zip

#include <iostream>
#include "epanet2.h"

using namespace std;

void call_epanet();
int main(){
call_epanet();
}

void call_epanet(){
//we call epanet
int res;
res= ENopen( "../data/net1.inp", "../data/net1.rpt","");
cout << "epanet returned: "<< res<<"\n";
res= ENsolveH();
cout << "epanet returned: "<< res<<"\n";

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res=ENclose();
cout << "epanet returned: "<< res<<"\n";

EPA SWMM with C/C++

◾ data : File:Data4epaswmmwithc.zip
◾ code: File:Swmmwithc.zip
◾ code(Final): File:Swmmwithc final.zip

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